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The Borobudur Ship: Recreating the First Trans-Ocean Voyaging
The Borobudur Ship: recreating the first trans-ocean voyaging Nick Burningham Indonesia is the cradle of trans-oceanic voyaging. tical terms probably derived from the language of the The people of Indonesia Bajau – the so-called Sea-Gypsies of Southeast Asia. are nearly all representatives of a large linguistic group The current theory about the Indonesian colonisa- called Austronesians or Malayo-polynesians. A mari- tion of Madagascar is that they went there for iron ore time people, they moved out of mainland south China mining and smelting. Whatever the reason for their about 6,000 years ago, spreading southwards from voyaging, there is no doubt that they reached Mada- Taiwan, through the Philippines into Indonesia, and gascar and undertook the first regular, purposeful, from there they spread over seas and oceans to popu- trans-oceanic voyaging. Direct contact between Indo- late more of the world’s surface than any other people nesia and Madagascar continued for about 1000 years. in pre-modern times. The Maori of New Zealand, the More controversially, some researchers have Polynesians, Melanesians and Micronesians spread pointed to evidence from linguistics, musicology, met- over the vastness of the Pacific Ocean – they all speak allurgy and archaeology suggesting that Indonesians related languages and have related maritime technolo- established some sort of culture in equatorial west Af- gies. It used to be assumed that the spread across the rica by rounding the Cape of Good Hope. Pacific had occurred through accidental drift voyages, British adventurer Philip Beale, a former RN offi- driven by storms, but the initial spread was to the east- cer who once sailed on EYE OF THE WIND, had an south-east, against the southeast trade winds, and it abiding fascination with that little known aspect of was rapid. -
“Bicentennial Speeches (2)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 2, folder “Bicentennial Speeches (2)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Ron Nessen donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 2 of The Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 28, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR ROBERT ORBEN VIA: GWEN ANDERSON FROM: CHARLES MC CALL SUBJECT: PRE-ADVANCE REPORT ON THE PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES Attached is some background information regarding the speech the President will make on July 2, 1976 at the National Archives. ***************************************************************** TAB A The Event and the Site TAB B Statement by President Truman dedicating the Shrine for the Delcaration, Constitution, and Bill of Rights, December 15, 1952. r' / ' ' ' • THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 28, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR BOB ORBEN VIA: GWEN ANDERSON FROM: CHARLES MC CALL SUBJECT: NATIONAL ARCHIVES ADDENDUM Since the pre-advance visit to the National Archives, the arrangements have been changed so that the principal speakers will make their addresses inside the building . -
Environment Scan – 20 Jul 2015
ENVIRONMENT SCAN – 20 JUL 2015 CHINA Col C Madhwal, VSM China has Urged the Philippines to Remove a Ship which Serves as a Military Outpost in the Disputed South China Sea. Filipino soldiers wave from the dilapidated Sierra Madre ship of the Philippine Navy as it is anchored near Ayungin shoal (Second Thomas Shoal) in the Spratly group of islands in the South China Sea, west of Palawan, Philippines China on Wednesday condemned the Philippines for doing repairs to a rusting ship it ran aground on a South China Sea reef, demanding Manila remove the vessel while adding that Beijing "reserved the right to take further measures". The Foreign Ministry did not elaborate on those measures in a statement that called Manila the "real regional trouble maker" for reinforcing the ship, which has sat on Second Thomas Shoal since 1999. The wording of the warning mirrors what China has said in the past when it's particularly angry with other countries. The Philippine navy had been using wooden fishing boats and other small craft to move cement, steel and welding equipment to the BRP Sierra Madre since late last year for repair work aimed at stopping the ship from breaking apart. Manila regards Second Thomas Shoal, which lies 105 nautical miles (195 km) southwest of the Philippine region of Palawan, as being within its 200-nautical mile exclusive economic zone. China, which claims virtually all the South China Sea, says the reef is part of its territory Conflicting claims in the South China Sea The 100 meter-long (330-foot) BRP Sierra Madre, a tank landing ship, was built for the U.S. -
Cruising Guide to the Philippines
Cruising Guide to the Philippines For Yachtsmen By Conant M. Webb Draft of 06/16/09 Webb - Cruising Guide to the Phillippines Page 2 INTRODUCTION The Philippines is the second largest archipelago in the world after Indonesia, with around 7,000 islands. Relatively few yachts cruise here, but there seem to be more every year. In most areas it is still rare to run across another yacht. There are pristine coral reefs, turquoise bays and snug anchorages, as well as more metropolitan delights. The Filipino people are very friendly and sometimes embarrassingly hospitable. Their culture is a unique mixture of indigenous, Spanish, Asian and American. Philippine charts are inexpensive and reasonably good. English is widely (although not universally) spoken. The cost of living is very reasonable. This book is intended to meet the particular needs of the cruising yachtsman with a boat in the 10-20 meter range. It supplements (but is not intended to replace) conventional navigational materials, a discussion of which can be found below on page 16. I have tried to make this book accurate, but responsibility for the safety of your vessel and its crew must remain yours alone. CONVENTIONS IN THIS BOOK Coordinates are given for various features to help you find them on a chart, not for uncritical use with GPS. In most cases the position is approximate, and is only given to the nearest whole minute. Where coordinates are expressed more exactly, in decimal minutes or minutes and seconds, the relevant chart is mentioned or WGS 84 is the datum used. See the References section (page 157) for specific details of the chart edition used. -
The Belitung Shipwreck Controversy
The Newsletter | No.58 | Autumn/Winter 2011 The Network | 41 In 2005, Seabed Explorations, engaged by the Indonesian Not all experts critical of the commercial nature of the Belitung The Belitung government in 1998 to conduct the excavation, sold the bulk cargo’s excavation object to its exhibition. James Delgado, of the cargo to Singapore for US$32 million. Subsequently, director of the Maritime Heritage Program at the National the Singapore Tourism Board, the National Heritage Board Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, is one critic who argues Shipwreck of Singapore and the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery collaborated to for a thoughtful exhibition that not only highlights the historical mount the exhibition Shipwrecked: Tang Treasures and Monsoon value of the exhibits, but also clearly indicates what cannot be Controversy Winds. After it opened in February this year at the ArtScience learned, interpreted or shared as a result of looting and contrasts Museum in Singapore, complaints by archaeologists, what non-commercial excavations have achieved in offering a Lu Caixia both within and outside the Smithsonian as well as museum more scientific approach. “I see such an exhibition as a tremend- associations, led to the postponement of the planned ous opportunity to educate and inspire discussion on the subject,” exhibition in Washington. They pointed out that the he said. Nevertheless, Delgado thinks that the debate is not Smithsonian is bound by an ethics statement specifying that simply about the Belitung. He said: “In many ways the questions members shall “not knowingly acquire or exhibit artefacts have more relevance in terms of discussing what happens with which have been stolen, illegally exported from their country new and important shipwreck discoveries in Indonesia. -
“Fractured Basement” Play in the Sabah Basin? – the Crocker and Kudat Formations As Hydrocarbon Reservoirs and Their Risk Factors Mazlan Madon1,*, Franz L
Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 69, May 2020, pp. 157 - 171 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm69202014 “Fractured basement” play in the Sabah Basin? – the Crocker and Kudat formations as hydrocarbon reservoirs and their risk factors Mazlan Madon1,*, Franz L. Kessler2, John Jong3, Mohd Khairil Azrafy Amin4 1 Advisor, Malaysian Continental Shelf Project, National Security Council, Malaysia 2 Goldbach Geoconsultants O&G and Lithium Exploration, Germany 3 A26-05, One Residences, 6 Jalan Satu, Chan Sow Lin, KL, Malaysia 4 Malaysia Petroleum Management, PETRONAS, Malaysia * Corresponding author email address: [email protected] Abstract: Exploration activities in the Sabah Basin, offshore western Sabah, had increased tremendously since the discovery of oil and gas fields in the deepwater area during the early 2000s. However, the discovery rates in the shelfal area have decreased over the years, indicating that the Inboard Belt of the Sabah Basin may be approaching exploration maturity. Thus, investigation of new play concepts is needed to spur new exploration activity on the Sabah shelf. The sedimentary formations below the Deep Regional Unconformity in the Sabah Basin are generally considered part of the economic basement which is seismically opaque in seismic sections. Stratigraphically, they are assigned to the offshore Sabah “Stages” I, II, and III which are believed to be the lateral equivalents of the pre-Middle Miocene clastic formations outcropping in western Sabah, such as the Crocker and Kudat formations and some surface hydrocarbon seeps have been reported from Klias and Kudat peninsulas. A number of wells in the inboard area have found hydrocarbons, indicating that these rocks are viable drilling targets if the charge and trapping mechanisms are properly understood. -
The New Answers Book 3
First printing: February 2010 Copyright © 2009 by Answers in Genesis. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations in articles and reviews. For information write: Master Books®, P.O. Box 726, Green Forest, AR 72638 ISBN-13: 978-0-89051-579-2 ISBN-10: 0-89051-579-4 Library of Congress Number: 2008903202 Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture is from the New King James Version of the Bible. Printed in the United States of America Please visit our website for other great titles: www.masterbooks.net For information regarding author interviews, please contact the publicity department at (870) 438-5288. ® ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND SPECIAL THANKS Acknowledgments and special thanks for reviewing or editing chapters: Steve Fazekas (theology, AiG), Frost Smith (biology, editor, AiG), Mike Matthews (editor, AiG), Gary Vaterlaus (science education, editor, AiG), Tim Chaffey (theology, Midwest Apologetics), Dr. John Whitcomb (theology, presi- dent of Whitcomb Ministries), Dr. Larry Vardiman (atmospheric science, chair- man of the department of astro-geophysics at the Institute for Creation Research), Ken Ham (biology, president and CEO of Answers in Genesis), Donna O’Daniel (biology, AiG), Dr. Tim Clarey (geology), Christine Fidler (CEO of Image in the UK), Mark Looy (editor, AiG), Dr. Terry Mortenson (history of geology, AiG), John Upchurch (editor, AiG), Dr. Jason Lisle (astrophysics, AiG), Dr. John Morris (geological engineering, president of the Institute for Creation Research), Dr. Andrew Snelling (geology, director of research at AiG), Dr. David Menton (retired, cell biology, former associate professor of anatomy at Washington Uni- versity School of Medicine, now AiG), Dr. -
Module 1: Arts and Crafts of Mindanao
Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula 7 Zest for Progress Zeal of Partnership ARTS Quarter 3 - Module 1: Arts and Crafts of Mindanao Name of Learner: ___________________________ Grade & Section: ___________________________ Name of School: ___________________________ WHAT I NEED TO KNOW In this module, you will be learning the different arts and crafts of Mindanao – the salient features of arts of Mindanao by showing the relationship of the elements of arts and processes among the diverse cultural communities in the country. Thus, you will also learn how lines, shapes, forms, value, color, texture and space give more meaning and significance to an artwork. This module will help you explore the arts of people of Mindanao and how animism and the Islamic religion fused together and produced a uniquely Filipino artistic tradition. The arts and crafts of Mindanao include their cultural attire, textiles, tapestries, crafts, accessories and body ornaments which are a combination of designs from indigenous people that resides in the regions and the colorful and rich influence from their indigenous belief system. Most of their crafts are made of materials that are abundant in their areas. Their designs are derived from their surroundings and represent their cultural community. Some are used for religious activities while some have utilitarian functions and even became large industry for them. Even until now, the skills in weaving, sculpting and crafting have been an important part of their community. Thus, these become the people’s way of living and their means of survival. These are passed on from generation to generation. -
Occupational Safety
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS PART 7 Longshoring HAWAII ADMINISTRATIVE RULES TITLE 12 DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SUBTITLE 8 DIVISION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PART 7 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR LONGSHORING Chapter 12-190 Longshoring This unofficial copy varies from the administrative rules format in that all sections follow directly after the previous section; small letters designating subsections are in bold type; page numbers have been added to the bottom center of each page; headers do not include the section number, only the title and chapter number; and sections that incorporate federal (Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards through reference include the federal standard. These variations facilitate changes to and use of the HIOSH rules and standards. This is an official copy in all other respects. HAWAII ADMINISTRATIVE RULES §12-190 TITLE 12 DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS SUBTITLE 8 DIVISION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PART 7 SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS FOR LONGSHORING CHAPTER 190 LONGSHORING §12-190-1 Incorporation of federal standard §12-190-1 Incorporation of federal standard. Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations. Part 1918 entitled “Safety and Health Regulations for Longshoring”, published by the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, on July 9, 1974; and the amendments published on July 22, 1977; August 24, 1987; February 9, 1994; July 19, 1994; December 22, 1994; February 13, 1996; July 25, 1997; December 1, 1998; August 27, 1999; November 12, 1999; June 30, 2000; and February 28, 2006, are made part of this chapter. -
CAT CRAZY, TRI FI and Other Multihull Comparisons by Jim Brown
CAT CRAZY, TRI FI And Other Multihull Comparisons By Jim Brown “There is nothing, absolutely nothing, quite so much worth doing as simply messing about in…” Multihulls! That paraphrased quote is pilfered for the most part from Ratty, the revered rodent in Kenneth Grahame’s venerated tale “The Wind in the Willows.” Of course, Grahame and Ratty said it of ordinary boats, and neither would have, even could have, said it of multihulls. But if Brown had been the author instead of Grahame, his character Ratty might have said something like, “There is nothing, absolutely nothing quite so creative as screwing around with multihulls.” By “screwing around,” Ratty would have spoken literally, meaning to conceive, gestate, whelp, wean and release upon the Earth’s fluid interface one’s very own flesh and blood multihulls. And that’, impatient reader, is what this appendix is about, so like most appendices reading it is strictly optional. In that you are reading on, please be prepared for some sacrilege. Suggesting there is something divine about boat design and construction I will try to trace multihull origins by expanding on the theorem expressed by my late friend Walt Glaser who said (in Chapter 1 of my memoir, “Among the Multihulls,”), “A man builds a boat to make up for the fact that he can’t build a baby… What else can a guy produce with his own body that so closely simulates a living thing?” It took me many years of both messing about in and screwing around with boats to apprehend this aspect of watercraft, and I admit that it still takes quite a stretch for me to accept the notion. -
Applying a Framework to Assess Deterrence of Gray Zone Aggression for More Information on This Publication, Visit
C O R P O R A T I O N MICHAEL J. MAZARR, JOE CHERAVITCH, JEFFREY W. HORNUNG, STEPHANIE PEZARD What Deters and Why Applying a Framework to Assess Deterrence of Gray Zone Aggression For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR3142 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0397-1 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © 2021 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: REUTERS/Kyodo Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface This report documents research and analysis conducted as part of a project entitled What Deters and Why: North Korea and Russia, sponsored by the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, G-3/5/7, U.S. -
Fitting the Unstayed Mast Rig To
ITTING THE UNSTAYED MAST RIG TO YOUR BOAT SOME POPULAR QUESTIONS ANSWERED: - . Will it suit any boat of any hull shape? - Yes, and will particularly aid shallow draft hulls of low ballast ratio as the flexibility of the mast reduces heeling in all conditions. 2. Can it be fitted to multihulls? - Yes, Trimaran installations are similar to monohulls. Catamarans can either have modified bridge decks to obtain sufficient bury of mast or fit a smaller mast in each hull. 3. Can I use my existing stayed rig mast?- No, with the exception of some solid timber Gaff rig masts. 4. Does the mast have to be keel stepped? - Preferably, but it can be fitted in a deck tabernacle. 5. Where is the mast stepped? - Approximately 2 to 4 feet forward of a stayed mast postion. 6. Does it have to be near a bulkhead? - No, as the load transmitted to the deck is not enormous. 7. What structural modifications will I have to make to my boat? - Probably increase the deck strength at the mast by adding:- - for GRP boats more layup of C.S. matt which will be hidden by the head lining under the deck. - for steel, alloy, ferrocement, timber boats, add a deck beam. The mast step only needs to be firmly secured to the keel and no extra reinforcement is necessary to be the boat's keel. - for sheeting to the pushpit, possibly, add a bracing strut across the existing tube, such as a sheet track. 8. How many sails and of what area should be used? - As a general rule:- For boats up to 30 ft., one sail is more ideal.