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Xklt 1993 1 Dig.Pdf (4.688Mt) Tilastokeskus Mi. S VT Kulttuuri ja viestintä 1993:1 Statistikcentralen "HT Kultur och massmedier Statistics Finland Culture and the media Joukkoviestinnän rakenteita 1980-luvulta 1990-luvulle Tuomo Sauri ganp •p/ ¿L ^ ___________ ____________________________________________ / / /V ■-» -K Tilastokeskus ¿fh, SVT Kulttuurina .viestintä 1993:1 V' Statistikcentralen t Lf Kultur och massmedier Statistics Finland Culture and the media Joukkoviestinnän rakenteita 1980-luvulta 1990-luvulle With an English summary: The Mass Media System in Finland. Trends in development from the 1980s to the 1990s Tuomo Sauri Toukokuu 1993 A ... Je : 'I 225630 Helsinki - Helsingfors 1993 1 Tiedustelut - Förfrägningar - Inquiries: Tuomo Sauri (90) 17 341 Kansikuva: Ilkka Kärkkäinen Kierrätykseen sopiva tuote Alhaiset päästöt valmistuksessa Hakapaino Oy, Helsinki 1993 TAULUKOISSA KÄYTETYT SYMBOLIT Ei mitään ilmoitettavaa................................................................................................... Suure pienempi kuin puolet käytetyistä yksiköistä ..................................................... 0 ja 0,0 Tietoa ei ole saatu tai se on liian epävarma ilmoitettavaksi .................................... SYMBOLS USED IN TABLES Magnitude nil ............................................. Magnitude less than half of unit employed 0 and 0,0 Data not available ....................................... Esipuhe Tässä julkaisussa tarkastellaan joukkoviestinnän rakennetta ja siinä tapahtuneita muutoksia 1980-luvulta 1990-luvun alkuvuosiin. Julkaisu on osa Liikenneministeriön ja Tilastokeskuksen yhteistyötä joukkovies­ tinnän tilastollisessa kuvaamisessa. Julkaisun on laatinut erikoistutkija Tuomo Sauri. Taulukot ja kuviot on toteutta­ nut tilastonlaatija Irma Ollila ja julkaisun on taittanut julkaisusihteeri Seija Töyräänvuori. David Kivinen on kääntänyt english summaryn ja tarkistanut tau­ lukoiden käännökset. Helsingissä toukokuussa 1993 Hilkka Vihavainen Tilastokeskus^! 3 Sisällysluettelo Esipuhe ................................... .............................................................. 3 1 Johdanto ........... 7 2 Sanomalehdet..................... 8 Sanomalehdistön ryhmät................................... 8 Talous .... ..... .T............................................................... 11 Sanomalehtikaupat ............................... 13 Keskittyminen............................................................................. 15 Sanomalehdet muiden viestinten omistajina .............................. 16 3 Aikakauslehdet ............................................... 18 T pllfilvvPit F niiflptl volyymit ................................................... 18 Aikakauslehtiyritykset ........................................................... 24 4 Kirjat .............................................................................................. 28 Kirja-alan rakenne ..................................................................... 28 Suurimmat yritykset'................... 32 5 Televisio .......................................................................................... 34 Muutoksia MTV:n ja Kolmostelevisionomistuksessa .............. 35 Talous .................................................................. 37 Kaapelitelevisio ......................................................................... 39 PTV ............................................................................................ 42 6 Radio .............................................................................................. 43 Ohjelmavirta ja profilointi ......................................................... 43 Paikallisradiot ............................................................................. 44 Kilpailutilanteen trendejä ........................................................... 46 Sanomalehdet ja paikallisradiotoiminta..................................... 48 7 Äänitteet ....................... :.................................................................. 49 Äänitetyyppien uusjako ............................................................. 50 Äänitealan rakenne ..................................................................... 52 8 Video ............................................................................................... 55 Vuokramarkkinoiden taantumisen syitä ................................... 56 Keskeiset yritykset ..................................................................... 57 9 Elokuva ............................................................................................ 59 Jnnnkino ja muut ....................................................................... 61 10 Joukkoviestinnän talous .............................................................. 63 Graafisen viestinnän kehitys..................................................... 68 Sähköinen joukkoviestintä ......................................................... 69 Äänitteet ja kuvatallenteet ......................................................... 69 Sähköinen tietopalvelu ............................................................... 70 Mainonta ..................................................................................... 71 Joukkoviestintä työllistäjänä ..................................................... 73 Konkurssit................................................................................... 74 Summary: The mass media System in Finland......................................... 76 List of tables and figures............................................................. 82 Kirjallisuus ............................................................................................ 83 4 Tilastokeskus ^ Sanomalehdet vuosina 1980 - 1992 ilmestymistiheyden m ukaan............................. 9 Sanomalehtien kokonaislevikin jakautuminen ilmestymistiheyden mukaan vuosina 1 9 8 0 - 1992 ........................................................................................................... 9 Sanomalehtien levikit kilpailuaseman mukaan vuosina 1980,1985 ja 199 1 ........... 10 Koti -ja ulkomaisten sanomalehtien irtonumeromyynti vuosina 1980 -1992 ......... 11 Sanomalehtikaupat 1 9 8 0 - 1992 ................................................................................... 13 20 suurimman sanomalehtiyrityksen mediaomistuksia vuonna 1992 ........................ 17 Postin kuljettamat aikakauslehdet lehtityypeittäin 1992 ............................. ................. 20 Eri aikakauslehtiryhmien yhteislevikit vuosina 1980 - 1991 ........................................ 21 Koti- ja ulkomaisten aikakauslehtien irtonumeromyynti vuosina 1980 -1992 ......... 22 Ulkomaisten aikakauslehtien myynti lehtityypeittäin vuonna 1991 ............................. 23 Ulkomaisten aikakauslehtien myynti alkuperämaittain vuonna 1991 ........................ 23 Aikakauslehtikaupat 1988 -1992 ........................................................ ............................ 24 Suurimpien aikakauslehtien kustantajien keskinäiset volyymiosuudet 1987, 1989 ja 1991 ........................................................................................................................ 25 Kahdeksan suurimman yleisöaikakauslehtien kustantajan keskinäiset volyymi- osuudet 199 1 ........................................................................................................................ 26 Pääkustantajien ja erikoiskustantajien lukumäärä ja markkinaosuus vuosina 1981, 1986 ja 1991 ............................................................................................................. 29 Suomessa kustannetun kirjallisuuden myyntikanavat 1980 - 1991 .......................... 30 Kirjakerhot 1991 ................................................................................................................. 31 Suurimpien kustantajien liikevaihto 1991 ....................................................................... 32 Televisioluvat vuosina 1 9 8 0 - 1992 ................................................................................ 37 Yleisradion tulot vuosina 1980/81 - 1991/92 ................................................................ 38 Kaapelitelevisioliittymät (talouksia) vuosina 1 9 8 0 - 1992 ............................................ 39 Yleisimmät kaapeliverkoissa välitetyt kanavat kesällä 1992 ........................................ 40 Yleisradion radiolähetysten viikkotuntimäärät vuosina 1980 - 1991/92 .................... 43 Paikallisradioasemien määrän kehitys vuosina 1 9 8 5 - 1992 ...................................... 45 Paikallisradioiden tuotto-ja kulurakenne vuonna 1991................................................. 46 Radion tavoittavuus ja kuunteluaika keskimääräisenä päivänä vuosi ...................... 47 Sanomalehtien omistukset paikallisradioissa vuoden 1992 lopussa ........................ 48 Äänitteiden tuonti, valmistus ja tallentamattomien äänikasettien tuonti vuosina 1980 - 1992 ........................................................................................................................ 49 Äänitteiden markkamääräinen myynti äänitetyypin mukaan 1992 ............................. 50 Koti- ja ulkomaisten äänitteiden osuus kappalemääräisestä myynnistä 1980 -1 9 9 2 51 Videotallennemarkkinoiden liikevaihto vuosina 1980 - 1991 ...................................... 55 Videonauhurin pääasiallinen käyttötapa vuosina 1984,1986 ja 1989 ...................... 56 Televisiossa esitetyt pitkät elokuvat vuosina 1 9 8 2 - 1991 .......................................... 57
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