PEACE Info (July 27-30, 2019)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
PEACE Info (July 27-30, 2019) − Why Peace Remains Evasive − Military Lawmakers Withdraw from Charter Amendment Debate − NLD Parliamentarians Unbothered by Military Absence in Charter Amendment Debate − First constitutional change bid in four years kicks off in parliament − Commentary on “First constitutional change bid in four years kicks off in parliament” − KIA Launches another Attack on Burma Army Forces in Shan State − Two Dead in KIA Attack on Burma Army Convoy in Shan State − TNLA Reports ‘Frequent’ Clashes despite Burma Army Ceasefire − Shan Rights Group Calls for Justice for Villagers Abused By Tatmadaw − One Dead, Two Wounded in Shooting of Cattle Truck Convoy in Kyaukme − Myanmar NGO worker shot in restive Rakhine State − INGO staff gunned down by Tatmadaw − Burma Army Charges Wounded NGO Worker under Terrorism Law − Combined armed group launches attack on border police outpost in western Myanmar − AA rejects MOI’s announcement − Eight people accused of ties to AA − Hundreds of Villagers Fear Flee due to Intensifying Clashes in Minbra township − War and business: Kachin’s ‘frontline’ hydropower dam − Shan State Residents, Civil Groups Call for Transparent, Green Energy Policy − Burma Army Refuses to Compensate for Confiscated Land − Myanmar seizes 16.7 kg of heroin in eastern state − Heroin, stimulant tablets seized in Myanmar − မတူသည့္ အေတြးအေခၚမ်ားကို ေပါင္းစည္းၿပီး မတူသည့္ အေတြးအေခၚမွ ေကာင္းသည့္အင္အားျဖစ္ေအာင္ လုပ္ျခင္းသည္ အမ်ိဳးသားရင္ၾကားေစ့ေရးျဖစ္ၿပီး ျမန္မာနိုင္ငံအတြက္ အဓိကလိုအပ္ခ်က္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း နိုင္ငံေတာ္၏ အတိုင္ပင္ခံပုဂၢိဳလ္ ေျပာၾကား၏ − အမ်ိဳးသားရင္ၾကားေစ့ေရးႏွင့္ ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးရရန္ မ်ားစြာ႐ုန္းကန္ေနရဟု ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ေျပာ − PPST အစည္းအေဝးတြင္ ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးလုပ္ငန္းစဥ္ အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ေရး အစိုးရ၏ အဆိုျပဳခ်က္မ်ားကို တင္ျပေဆြးေႏြးၿပီး အစိုးရႏွင့္ စတင္ေဆြးေႏြးနိုင္ေရး ေဆာင္ရြက္မည္ဟု NCA-S EAO UPDJC အတြင္းေရးမွူး အဖြဲ႕ဝင္ ေျပာၾကား − ေျမာက္ပုိင္းလက္နက္ကုိင္ေလးဖြဲ႕က အစိုးရထံ အဆုိျပဳသည့္ရက္တြင္ အပစ္အခတ္ရပ္စဲေရးေဆြးေႏြးပြဲ မက်င္းပႏုိင္ − ျမန္မာ့ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရးျဖစ္စဥ္ ျပန္လည္သံုးသပ္ျခင္း ေဆြးေႏြးပြဲ မုံရြာတြင္ က်င္းပ − ဗမာကို တိုင္းရင္းသားလို႔ မျမင္တာ ျပႆနာ − ကြတ္ခုိင္တြင္ လုံၿခံဳေရးတပ္ဖြဲ႔ဝင္မ်ားအား လာေရာက္စုံစမ္း ေထာက္လွမ္းသူ ၂ဦး အေသဖမ္းမိ − ရွမ္းေျမာက္ေဒသ၌ တပ္မေတာ္ယာဥ္တန္းကို သုံးရက္အတြင္း မုိင္းျဖင့္ ႏွစ္ႀကိမ္ တုိက္ခုိက္ − စစ္ေရးအရ အေရးနိမ့္လာ၍ AA ေကာလာဟလမ်ား ထုတ္လႊင့္ေနျခင္းကုိ မယုံၾကည္ရန္ တပ္မေတာ္ တုိက္တြန္း Page 1 of 80 − ဆုထူးစံ အလုပ္သမားမ်ား ျပန္လႊတ္ေပးေရး လုံၿခဳံေရးေၾကာင့္ ေႏွာင့္ေႏွးေနဟု AA ေျပာ − ခ်င္းျပည္နယ္မွာ ဖမ္းဆီးခဲ့သူ ၁၂ ေယာက္ ျပန္လႊတ္ေပးဖုိ႔ AA တပ္ဖဲြ႔ ကတိေပး − AA/ARSA အၾကမ္းဖက္ပူးေပါင္းအဖြဲ႕က ေညာင္ေခ်ာင္းနယ္ေျမ႐ုံးစခန္းကို ပစ္ခတ္တိုက္ခိုက္ − တပ္မေတာ္ႏွင့္ ႏွစ္ဖက္သေဘာတူထားသည့္ နယ္ေျမမရွိသျဖင့္ နယ္ေျမေက်ာ္လြန္မႈမရွိဟု TNLA ေျပာ − ေသနတ္ပစ္ခံရသူ INGO ၀န္ထမ္းအား အမႈဖြင့္ထား − ေျမာက္ဦးတြင္ INGO ဝန္ထမ္းတဦး ေသနတ္ျဖင့္ အပစ္ခံရ − ေျမာက္ဦးၿမိဳ႕တြင္ INGO ၀န္ထမ္းတစ္ဦး ပစ္ခတ္ခံရ၊ ဆုိင္ကယ္တြင္ လက္ပစ္ဗုံးေတြ႕ဟုဆုိကာ ရဲတပ္ဖြဲ႕က အမႈဖြင့္ထား − ရေသ့ေတာင္-ပုဏၰားကၽြန္းကားလမ္းမွာ လူငယ္ ၁၁ ဦးကို ဖမ္းဆီး − ပုဏၰားကၽြန္းၿမိဳ႕နယ္မွာ ရဲတပ္ဖြဲ႕ဖမ္းဆီးထားတဲ့ ၁၁ ဦးထဲက ယာဥ္ေမာင္းကုိ ရုံးထုတ္ရမန္ယူ − ပုဏၰားကြၽန္း၌ ဖမ္းဆီးခဲ့ေသာ လူငယ္ ၁၀ ဦးအနက္ ရွစ္ဦးသည္ AA အဖြဲ႕၀င္ရန္ စည္း႐ုံးခံရသူမ်ားျဖစ္ဟု တပ္မေတာ္ထုတ္ျပန္ − ပလက္ဝ စစ္ေဘးဒုကၡသည္ေတြအတြက္ အစုိးရကူညီေထာက္ပံ့ − ရခိုင္စစ္ေရွာင္စခန္းမ်ား ေထာက္ပံ့မႈ အလြန္နည္းေန − ဘူးသီးေတာင္ၿမိဳ႕နယ္၌ တိုက္ပြဲအၾကား ပိတ္မိေနသူ ၁၁ ဦးကို အိုင္စီအာစီ ကယ္ထုတ္ − တုိက္ပြဲေၾကာင့္ မင္းျပားတြင္ ဒုကၡသည္ႏွစ္ေထာင္ေက်ာ္ထပ္တုိး − ရခိုင္ ဘူးသီးေတာင္တိုက္ပဲြ ရြာသားေထာင္ဂဏန္း ေနရပ္တိမ္းေရွာင္ − အရပ္ဘက္အဖြဲ႕အစည္းမ်ား၏ စြမ္းအင္မူဝါဒဆိုင္ရာ အိတ္ဖြင့္ေပးစာ အစိုးရထံ ေပးပို႔မည္ − ဆက္ေဆာက္မယ္ ဆိုရင္ေတာ့ ၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရး ပ်က္နိုင္ပါတယ္ − ဖြဲ႕စည္းပုံ ျပင္ဆင္ခ်က္ ေဆြးေႏြးမည့္ တပ္ကိုယ္စားလွယ္ စာရင္း ျပန္လည္႐ုတ္သိမ္း − ၿမိတ္တြင္ က်ပ္သိန္း ငါး ေထာင္ေက်ာ္ တန္ဖိုးရွိ မူးယစ္ေဆးဝါးမ်ား ဖမ္းဆီးရမိ − သၽွမ္း/ေျမာက္ ေနာင္ခ်ိဳတြင္ က်ပ္သိန္းေပါင္း ႏွစ္ေထာင္နီးပါးတန္ဖိုးရွိ စိတ္ႂကြေဆးျပားမ်ားဖမ္းဆီးရမိ − ေက်ာက္ဆည္တြင္ က်ပ္သိန္း ၃၈၀ ေက်ာ္တန္ဖိုးရွိ ဘိန္းစိမ္းမ်ား ဖမ္းမိ − မိုင္းပ်ဥ္းေဒသခံတဦးကို RCSS နဲ႔ ခ်ိတ္ဆက္သည္ဟုစြပ္စြဲကာ တပ္မေတာ္ ဖမ္းဆီးၿပီး မူးယစ္မွုနဲ႔ အမွုဖြင့္ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Page 2 of 80 Why Peace Remains Evasive By Lawi Weng | 27 July 2019 A man drives past a billboard advertising the 21st Century Panglong Conference in May, 2017. / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy General Gun Maw, vice chairman of the Kachin Independence Organization (KIO), wrote on his Facebook page earlier this month, “Who am I?,” questioning the role of his armed group in the current peace process. He spoke poetically—but not directly. Since 2011, when a 17-year ceasefire agreement collapsed, the KIO has continued negotiating for peace with the Myanmar government, seeking a bilateral agreement, but conditions have not improved; in fact, they’ve gotten worse, with ongoing fighting. The Myanmar government is trying to talk the United Wa State Army (UWSA) and the National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA) into a marriage by signing the national ceasefire agreement (NCA), promising them a full, permanent peace once they have signed., Gen. Gun Maw said in his Facebook post. The UWSA and the NDAA are ethnic armed organizations (EAO) based in Shan State near the Chinese border. Those two are mature armed groups that operate successful businesses, and they have had signed, bilateral ceasefire agreements with the central government for 30 years. They see no need to sign an NCA since they have endured no fighting in that time. Four armed groups in Kachin State and northern Shan State are currently in peace negotiations with the Myanmar government, seeking to sign bilateral agreements as a first step toward signing the NCA. China has helped them negotiate with the Myanmar government. We have seen that process move forward, but we have sometimes seen it move backward. Brigadier-General Tar Phone Kyaw of the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) blamed the Myanmar military for taking too many different stands and making it impossible to build trust, according to a recent Facebook post of his. He described the peace negotiations as stalling and even deteriorating under the leadership of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy government. It must be determined why this is so, he said. Earlier this year the Myanmar government—former generals mostly following orders that come from the military—allowed the Arakan Army, the TNLA and the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) to participate in the peace process, signaling that they want the process to progress. Even EAO leaders welcomed that signal—but they did not welcome the military’s demand that EAOs retreat to their original positions as a precondition for bilateral ceasefires. They Page 3 of 80 did not accept these terms. Then, early this month, the military attacked both the TNLA (in Kutkai Township) and the MNDAA (west of the Salween River) in northern Shan State. Ethnic women arrive at the Panglong Peace Conference in Naypyitaw in July 2018. / Htet Wai / The Irrawaddy It is time to find out whether the military, the NLD government or the ethnic armed groups are trying to block the peace process, Tar Phone Kyaw said. If the military had not blocked these three armed groups from participating in the peace process during negotiations in 2015, all armed groups would have signed the NCA already. Fighting escalated in northern Shan State and Kachin State after these armed groups were excluded. The state of the current peace process shows it is not working, but we must find out how to solve these armed conflicts, and we cannot ignore the people who suffer most from these civil wars. Fighting near the Chinese border in Myanmar’s northeast has moved west, to Rakhine State. The military announced unilateral ceasefires in five regions, but not in there, where fighting is at its worst. The military’s actions have caused them to lose more trust in peace negotiations, said Tar Phone Kyaw. “We have ongoing civil wars in the country as the culture of dialogue disappears,” he said. Myanmar has undergone some political reforms, but the military continues to occupy a large role in the country’s political dialogues. Despite initially high expectations from EAO leaders over forging a peace with the NLD government, those leaders today find that the Tatmadaw is still a key player in peace negotiations; without their okay, the NLD cannot make political decisions. At times the NLD and the Tatmadaw act as a single force—over the fighting in Rakhine State, for example, where the NLD supports the military in its fight against the AA, after the AA attacked four police on January 4, Independence Day. When EAO leaders look at the government’s actions, they feel the NLD and the Tatmadaw are one in the same. This creates fear and encourages them to strengthen their own armed forces. As it stands, they pursue two concurrent strategies: they work on the one hand with the government for peace while strengthening their armed forces and prepare to fight on the other, believing battle will be necessary in achieving their political goals. Ethnic armed leaders even understand that the NLD will win again in the elections next year, and that peace negotiations will change very little.