DOCSLIB.ORG

Coverage of Early Learning Materials Development in Ethnic Languages

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coverage of Early Learning Materials Development in Ethnic Languages Myanmar Information Management Unit Coverage of Early Learning Materials Development in Ethnic Languages State/Region Township Language State/Region Township Language 95° E 100° E Sakaw Karen, West Karen Lewe Asho Chin, Kayan Danubyu Nay Pyi Taw (Pwo) Pyinmana Kayan Dedaye Sakaw Karen Asho Chin, Sumtu Chin, Uppu, Ann Sakaw Karen, West Karen Rakhine Einme (Pwo) Asho Chin, Mro LCC, Rakhine, Buthidaung Sakaw Karen, West Karen Chakma, Mro LCA, Khamee Hinthada (Pwo) Gwa Asho Chin, Rakhine Ingapu Sakaw Karen Asho Chin, Sumtu Chin, Kyaukpyu Puta-O Sakaw Karen, West Karen Rakhine Machanbaw Kangyidaunt 2 (Pwo) Mro LCC, Rakhine, Chakma, 2 Khaunglanhpu Kyauktaw 1 Kyaiklat Sakaw Karen Mro LCA Kyangin Asho Chin, West Karen (Pwo) Maungdaw Rakhine, Chakma, Mro LCA Nanyun Sakaw Karen, West Karen Asho Chin, Laitu, Sumtu Chin, Kyaunggon Minbya 2 (Pwo) Uppu, Rakhine, Chakma Sumprabum Tanai Sakaw Karen, West Karen Rakhine Asho Chin, Laitu, Mro LCC, 1 Tsawlaw Kyonpyaw Mrauk-U 3 (Pwo) Rakhine, Chakma, Khamee Lahe 2 Sakaw Karen, West Karen Munaung Asho Chin, Rakhine 8 KACHIN Labutta INDIA Injangyang (Pwo) Asho Chin, Laitu, Sumtu Chin, Myebon 1 Sakaw Karen, West Karen Rakhine Hkamti Chipwi Lemyethna (Pwo) Pauktaw Mro LCC, Rakhine, Khamee 9 3 Hpakant Ayeyarwady Sakaw Karen, West Karen Mro LCC, Rakhine, Chakma, Mawlamyinegyun Ponnagyun 3 Myitkyina (Pwo) Mro LCA, Khamee Lay Shi Asho Chin, Sakaw Karen, Ramree Asho Chin, Rakhine Mogaung Waingmaw Myanaung 7 West Karen (Pwo) 5 9 Rathedaung Rakhine Sakaw Karen, West Karen N N Sittwe Rakhine, Chakma Myaungmya ° Homalin ° (Pwo) 5 Mohnyin Myitkyina CHINA 5 Thandwe Asho Chin, Rakhine 2 7 4 8 2 Asho Chin, Sakaw Karen, Ngapudaw Toungup Asho Chin, Rakhine West Karen (Pwo) Gonwanponyo Naga, Sakaw Karen, West Karen Momauk Nyaungdon Khiamniungan Naga, Para 6 (Pwo) Naga, Tangshang (Naga), Shwegu Hkamti Indaw Sakaw Karen, West Karen Tangkhul Naga, Lainong, 2 Bhamo Pantanaw Tamu 1 (Pwo) Makuri Naga, Makury Naga, 4 4 Pinlebu Sakaw Karen, West Karen Paung nyuan(naga) Mansi Muse 1 Pathein Para Naga, Taileng Shan, 5 (Pwo) 1 Tangkhul Naga, Makuri Naga, Tonzang Pyapon Sakaw Karen Homalin 2 Namhkan Makury Naga, Goga, Long Phu 1 Kutkai Sakaw Karen, West Karen Thabaung Ri Naga 2 Kunlong (Pwo) Manton Indaw Ta Pong Tedim SAGAING Hseni 2 Wakema West Karen (Pwo) 1 Bualkhua, Huhlngo, Khualsim, 6 1 Hopang Kale Mongmit Yegyi Sakaw Karen Lente Chin, Ngwan Chin, Ta H 2 13 2 Namtu Sakaw Karen, West Karen Kale Pong, Tashon Chin, Tedim, Falam Namhsan Lashio Yawng Lin S Mongmao Zalun 9 Mogoke 1 (Pwo) Zanniat, Zo, Zotung, Lushai, Ye-U 1 4 1 1 E Khin-U 1 Pangwaun Rawngtu 1 Okpho Asho Chin Sagaing 1 Tangyan 1 Khin-U Zotung D Kyaukme Thantlang Hakha 1 Padaung Asho Chin Shwebo 1 Man Man Hseng Gonwanponyo Naga, A 3 Hakha Bago Paukkhaung Asho Chin 1 Hsipaw Mongyai 1 Khiamniungan Naga, Konyak, L 3 Pangsang Pyay Asho Chin 1 1 Pang Hkam Lahe Tangshang (Naga), Lainong, Monywa 2 G CHIN Gangaw 1 Zigon Asho Chin Makuri Naga, Makury Naga, 1 Mandalay City Paung nyuan(naga) N Bualkhua, Falam, Huhlngo, SHAN Mongyang Pyinoolwin Khualsim, Lente Chin, Ngwan Khiamniungan Naga, Para A 1 Falam Matupi Tilin 2 Monghsu Chin, Ta Pong, Tashon Chin, Naga, Tangkhul Naga, Makuri Mongkaing Lay Shi B Mongkhet 10 2 3 Kyethi 1 Zanniat Naga, Makury Naga, Goga, 2 Long Phu Ri Naga Mindat Lawksawk 1 Hakha Hakha, Khualsim, Lautu Paletwa Nanyun Konyak, Tangshang (Naga) 5 MAGWAY 5 Mongyawng Kanpetlet Cho, Daayindu, Dai, Uppu Ywangan 15 Saw Hopong Kunhing Mongping Kengtung 2 Pinlebu Tai-Len Shan 4 Asang (Khongso), Dai, Kaang, Buthidaung 2 2 Loilen 2 2 5 Matupi Lautu, Mara, Matu, Matu Chin, Shwebo Tangshang (Naga) Kanpetlet 6 MANDALAY Pindaya 2 Matupi, Ta-aw, Zotung Tamu Huhlngo, Khualsim, Tedim, Zo Kyauktaw 4 Nansang Monghpyak Maungdaw 4 Taunggyi Cho, Dai, Kaang, Rawngtu, Ye-U Tangshang (Naga) 4 4 2 Mindat 3 Mrauk-U Chin Zotung Hopang Lahu, Wa Kalaw Taunggyi Mongnai Tachileik 6 Anu, Asang (Khongso), Ponnagyun Minbya Sidoktaya 4 3 1 Monghsat 2 Hopong Lahu, Pa_Oh Rathedaung 3 Chakma, Cho, Dai, Hkongso 5 6 2 Pwintbyu Nyaungshwe LAOS Hseni Lahu 1 Chin, Kanise Khumi, Khawng Sittwe 1 4 Hsihseng Paletwa Lahu, Pa_Oh, Kayan, Kayah, Pinlaung Mongton Tu, Khumi Chin, Laitu, Lemi Hsihseng 2 Minbu 5 Taung Yoe N Myebon Magway Mawkmai N (chin), Likhy Chin, Mara, Pauktaw 4 1 ° Ngape 1 3 ° Ta-aw, Uppu Hsipaw Ta Ann/Pa Laung 0 Sittwe 3 4 Ann 0 2 Loikaw 2 4 1 NAY PYI TAW Huhlngo, Ngwan Chin, Siyin Pa_Oh, Ta Ann/Pa Laung, Minhla 6 Tedim Kalaw Pyinmana Pekon Chin, Tedim, Zanniat, Zo Danu, Taung Yoe Sinbaungwe 2 Lewe 1 4 Loikaw Thantlang Hakha, Lautu, Mara Akha, Jinghpaw, Lahu, Zaiwa, 1 Demoso Kengtung RAKHINE 2 Shadaw Tai Khun Thayet 4 Tonzang Tedim, Zo Kyaukpyu Mindon Aunglan 1 1 Hpruso Jinghpaw, Lisu, Tai-Len Shan, Kunhing Lahu, Ta Ann/Pa Laung 3 1 1 Bhamo 4 KAYAH Tai Lone Kunlong Lacid, Lhaovo Ramree Kamma Taungoo Thandaunggyi Bawlake Paukkhaung Chipwi Jinghpaw, Lacid, Lhaovo Kutkai Ta Ann/Pa Laung, Zaiwa 2 Toungup 1 Pyay 2 4 1 1 Munaung 2 1 Oktwin Hpasawng Jinghpaw, Tai-Len Shan, Tai Kyaukme Ta Ann/Pa Laung Htantabin Mese Hpakant 2 Padaung 1 1 Lone Kyethi Lahu 1 1 1 Injangyang Jinghpaw Jinghpaw, Lahu, Lisu, Ta Lashio BAGO Khaunglanhpu Jinghpaw Ann/Pa Laung Thandwe Kyangin Zigon 2 2 Machanbaw Jinghpaw, Tai Kham Ti Kaw Yaw, Pa_Oh, Ta Ann/Pa 1 Okpho Kyauktaga Lawksawk Myanaung Jinghpaw, Lisu, Tai Lone, Tai Laung, Danu, Taung Yoe 1 1 Mansi 3 Nay (Tai Nue) Shan, Zaiwa Loilen Pa_Oh, Taung Yoe Ingapu Man Man Hseng Wa Gwa Daik-U Jinghpaw, Tai Kham Ti, Tai Bay of Bengal 1 2 1 Mogaung Lone, Tai Nay (Tai Nue) Shan, Manton Ta Ann/Pa Laung Lemyethna Hinthada Tai-Len Shan Mawkmai Lahu, Pa_Oh, Kayah 2 Bago 2 Zalun Jinghpaw, Tai Lone, Tai Nay Yegyi Kyonpyaw 1 Mohnyin Monghpyak Akha, Lahu 2 Hlegu (Tai Nue) Shan, Tai-Len Shan 1 Bago Monghsat Akha, Lahu, Wa 2 Danubyu 1 Kachin Thabaung Hmawbi Jinghpaw, Lisu, Tai Lone, Tai Kyaunggon 2 Monghsu Lahu 2 Nyaungd1on THAILAND Momauk Nay (Tai Nue) Shan, Tai-Len Pathein 2 Hpa-An Mongkaing Lahu, Ta Ann/Pa Laung,Wa Pantanaw 2 Insein Shan, Zaiwa Kangyidaunt Mongkhet Akha, Lahu 2 2 3 Paung 2 Einme Yangon City 3 Jinghpaw, Lacid, Lhaovo, Lisu, Myitkyina Tai Lone, Tai Nay (Tai Nue) Mongmao Wa Pathein 2 Wakema Shan Kyaiklat Mawlamyine Kawkareik Shan, Tai-Len Shan, Zaiwa Mongmit Lhaovo, Ta Ann/Pa Laung 1 YANGON 3 Ngapudaw Mawlamyinegyun1 Mawlamyine Puta-O Rawan, Tai Kham Ti Mongnai Lahu 3 Myaungmya Dedaye 1 Kyaikmaraw 2 Shwegu Jinghpaw, Tai Lone Mongping Akha, Lahu 2 1 Chaungzon 3 Pyapon 1 Mudon Sumprabum Jinghpaw Mongton Lahu Labutta 1 1 Jinghpaw, Lisu, Tangshang Mongyai Lahu 2 Tanai KAYIN (Naga) Mongyang Lahu Thanbyuzayat Kyainseikgyi Tsawlaw Jinghpaw, Lhaovo Mongyawng Akha, Lahu AYEYARWADY 2 2 Ye Jinghpaw, Lacid, Lhaovo, Lisu, Muse Ta Ann/Pa Laung Tai Lone, Tai Nay (Tai Nue) 1 Waingmaw Namhkan Ta Ann/Pa Laung Shan, Tai Sar/Maing Tha, Tai- Namhsan Ta Ann/Pa Laung Legend Len Shan, Zaiwa N MON N Namtu Ta Ann/Pa Laung ° ° Bawlake Yintaleh 5 5 Lahu, Pa_Oh, Ta Ann/Pa 1 1 Demoso Gheba, Kayah, Kayan, Kayaw Nansang Union Capital No. of Languages Laung, Taung Yoe Hpasawng Yintaleh Yebyu Pa_Oh, Kayah, Inntha, Taung Gheba, Kaw Yaw, Kayah, Nyaungshwe State/Region Capital 1 - 2 1 Hpruso Yoe Kayah Kayaw Pang Hkam Wa Gheba, Kaw Yaw, Kayah, 3 - 4 Loikaw Pangsang Lahu, Wa Township Boundary Kayan, Kayaw, Taung Yoe Pangwaun Wa Dawei Mese Kayan 5 - 6 Pekon Kayaw, Pa_Oh, Kayan, Kayah State/Region Boundary Shadaw Kayah Pa_Oh, Ta Ann/Pa Laung, Bwe karen, Gheba, Kayan, Pindaya Thandaunggyi Danu, Taung Yoe International Boundary 7 - 8 Kayaw Pa_Oh, Kayan, Kayah, Taung Kayin East Karen (Pwo), Mon, Pinlaung Kawkareik Yoe 9 - 10 Pakanyaw Sakaw Karen Tachileik Akha, Lahu Kyainseikgyi East Karen (Pwo), Mon Tangyan Lahu 11 - 15 Aunglan Asho Chin Taunggyi Jinghpaw, Pa_Oh, Taung Yoe Gangaw Zotung Yawng Lin Wa TANINTHARYI Kamma Asho Chin Map ID: MIMU1435v02 Pa_Oh, Ta Ann/Pa Laung, Minbu Daayindu Ywangan Production Date: 5 August 2019 Danu, Taung Yoe Mindon Asho Chin Paper Size: A3 Bago Ngwan Chin Andaman Sea Minhla Asho Chin, Cho Bokpyin Moken (Salone) Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Ngape Asho Chin Daik-U Asho Chin Data Source: UNICEF Magway Pwintbyu Uppu Kyunsu Htantabin Kayah Basemap Map: MIMU 1 Saw Cho, Uppu Kawthoung Moken (Salone) Sidoktaya Asho Chin, Uppu Tanintharyi Kyauktaga Asho Chin Place Names: General Administration Department (GAD) and field sources. Place Sinbaungwe Asho Chin Kyunsu Moken (Salone) names on this product are in line with the general cartographic practice to reflect the Thayet Asho Chin Oktwin Asho Chin names of such places as designated by the government concerned. Bokpyin Tilin Cho, Rawngtu Taungoo Kayah, Bwe karen 1 Mogoke Ta Ann/Pa Laung Transliteration by MIMU. Yebyu Mon Pyinoolwin Lahu, Tashon Chin Hlegu Asho Chin This product has been prepared for operational purposes only, to support Chaungzon Mon Hmawbi Ta Pong Mon, Pakanyaw Sakaw Karen, Yangon humanitarian and development activities in Myanmar. Kyaikmaraw Asho Chin, Ta Pong, Tashon East Karen (Pwo) Insein Chin Note that this map may not show all islands of coastal areas due to scale limitations. Kawthoung Mawlamyine Mon 1 0 30 60 120 Km Mon Mudon Mon Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2019. MIMU products are Mon, Pakanyaw Sakaw Karen, N N Paung ° ° East Karen (Pwo) 0 not for sale and can be used free of charge with attribution. 0 1 Email: [email protected] Website: www.themimu.info 0 20 40 80 Miles 1 Thanbyuzayat Mon, East Karen (Pwo) Ye Mon 95° E 100° E Disclaimer: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Usg Humanitarian Assistance to Burma
    USG HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO BURMA RANGOON CITY AREA AFFECTED AREAS Affected Townships (as reported by the Government of Burma) American Red Cross aI SOURCE: MIMU ASEAN B Implementing NGO aD BAGO DIVISION IOM B Kyangin OCHA B (WEST) UNHCR I UNICEF DG JF Myanaung WFP E Seikgyikanaunglo WHO D UNICEF a WFP Ingapu DOD E RAKHINE b AYEYARWADY Dala STATE DIVISION UNICEF a Henzada WC AC INFORMA Lemyethna IC TI Hinthada PH O A N Rangoon R U G N O I T E G AYEYARWADY DIVISION ACF a U Zalun S A Taikkyi A D ID F MENTOR CARE a /DCHA/O D SC a Bago Yegyi Kyonpyaw Danubyu Hlegu Pathein Thabaung Maubin Twantay SC RANGOON a CWS/IDE AC CWS/IDE AC Hmawbi See Inset WC AC Htantabin Kyaunggon DIVISION Myaungmya Kyaiklat Nyaungdon Kayan Pathein Einme Rangoon SC/US JCa CWS/IDE AC Mayangone ! Pathein WC AC Î (Yangon) Thongwa Thanlyin Mawlamyinegyun Maubin Kyauktan Kangyidaunt Twantay CWS/IDE AC Myaungmya Wakema CWS/IDE Kyauktan AC PACT CIJ Myaungmya Kawhmu SC a Ngapudaw Kyaiklat Mawlamyinegyun Kungyangon UNDP/PACT C Kungyangon Mawlamyinegyun UNICEF Bogale Pyapon CARE a a Kawhmu Dedaye CWS/IDE AC Set San Pyapon Ngapudaw Labutta CWS/IDE AC UNICEF a CARE a IRC JEDa UNICEF a WC Set San AC SC a Ngapudaw Labutta Bogale KEY SC/US JCa USAID/OFDA USAID/FFP DOD Pyinkhayine Island Bogale A Agriculture and Food Security SC JC a Air Transport ACTED AC b Coordination and Information Management Labutta ACF a Pyapon B Economy and Market Systems CARE C !Thimphu ACTED a CARE Î AC a Emergency Food Assistance ADRA CWS/IDE AC CWS/IDE aIJ AC Emergency Relief Supplies Dhaka IOM a Î! CWS/IDE AC a UNICEF a D Health BURMA MERLIN PACT CJI DJ E Logistics PACT ICJ SC a Dedaye Vientiane F Nutrition Î! UNDP/PACT Rangoon SC C ! a Î ACTED AC G Protection UNDP/PACT C UNICEF a Bangkok CARE a IShelter and Settlements Î! UNICEF a WC AC J Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene WC WV GCJI AC 12/19/08 The boundaries and names used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Irrawaddy Delta - MYANMAR Flooded Area Delineation 11/08/2015 11:46 UTC River R
    Nepal (!Loikaw GLIDE number: N/A Activation ID: EMSR130 I Legend r n r India China e Product N.: 16IRRAWADDYDELTA, v2, English Magway a Rakhine w Bangladesh e a w l d a Vietnam Crisis Information Hydrology Consequences within the AOI on 09, 10, 11/08/2015 d Myanmar S Affected Total in AOI y Nay Pyi Taw Irrawaddy Delta - MYANMAR Flooded Area delineation 11/08/2015 11:46 UTC River R ha 428922,1 i v Laos Flooded area e ^ r S Flood - 01/08/2015 Flooded Area delineation 10/08/2015 23:49 UTC Stream Estimated population Inhabitants 4252141 11935674 it Bay of ( to Settlements Built-up area ha 35491,8 75542,0 A 10 Bago n Bengal Thailand y g Delineation Map e Flooded Area delineation 09/08/2015 11:13 UTC Lake y P Transportation Railways km 26,0 567,6 a Cambodia r i w Primary roads km 33,0 402,1 Andam an n a Gulf of General Information d Sea g Reservoir Secondary roads km 57,2 1702,3 Thailand 09 y Area of Interest ) Andam an Cartographic Information River Sea Missing data Transportation Bay of Bengal 08 Bago Tak Full color ISO A1, low resolution (100 dpi) 07 1:600000 Ayeyarwady Yangon (! Administrative boundaries Railway Kayin 0 12,5 25 50 Region km Primary Road Pathein 06 04 11 12 (! Province Mawlamyine Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 46N map coordinate system Secondary Road 13 (! Tick marks: WGS 84 geographical coordinate system ± Settlements 03 02 01 ! Populated Place 14 15 Built-Up Area Gulf of Martaban Andaman Sea 650000 700000 750000 800000 850000 900000 950000 94°10'0"E 94°35'0"E 95°0'0"E 95°25'0"E 95°50'0"E 96°15'0"E 96°40'0"E 97°5'0"E N " 0 ' 5
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar Backgrounder
    MYANMAR BACKGROUNDER: ETHNIC MINORITY POLITICS 7 May 2003 ICG Asia Report N°52 Bangkok/Brussels, 7 May 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 II. NON-CEASEFIRE GROUPS........................................................................................ 2 A. KAREN NATION UNION (KNU).............................................................................................4 B. KARENNI NATIONAL PROGRESSIVE PARTY (KNPP) .........................................................5 C. SHAN STATE ARMY (SOUTH) [SSA (SOUTH)] ...................................................................6 D. OTHER NON-CEASEFIRE GROUPS..........................................................................................6 E. THE FUTURE OF ARMED STRUGGLE ......................................................................................7 III. CEASEFIRE GROUPS.................................................................................................. 7 A. UNITED WA STATE ARMY (UWSA) .....................................................................................8 B. KACHIN INDEPENDENCE ORGANISATION (KIO) ....................................................................9 C. NEW MON STATE PARTY (NMSP)......................................................................................11 D. OTHER CEASEFIRE GROUPS
    [Show full text]
  • Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar
    Myanmar Development Research (MDR) (Present) Enlightened Myanmar Research (EMR) Wing (3), Room (A-305) Thitsar Garden Housing. 3 Street , 8 Quarter. South Okkalarpa Township. Yangon, Myanmar +951 562439 Acknowledgement of Myanmar Development Research This edition of the “Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar (2010-2012)” is the first published collection of facts and information of political parties which legally registered at the Union Election Commission since the pre-election period of Myanmar’s milestone 2010 election and the post-election period of the 2012 by-elections. This publication is also an important milestone for Myanmar Development Research (MDR) as it is the organization’s first project that was conducted directly in response to the needs of civil society and different stakeholders who have been putting efforts in the process of the political transition of Myanmar towards a peaceful and developed democratic society. We would like to thank our supporters who made this project possible and those who worked hard from the beginning to the end of publication and launching ceremony. In particular: (1) Heinrich B�ll Stiftung (Southeast Asia) for their support of the project and for providing funding to publish “Fact Book of Political Parties in Myanmar (2010-2012)”. (2) Party leaders, the elected MPs, record keepers of the 56 parties in this book who lent their valuable time to contribute to the project, given the limited time frame and other challenges such as technical and communication problems. (3) The Chairperson of the Union Election Commission and all the members of the Commission for their advice and contributions.
    [Show full text]
  • Internal Labour Migration in Myanmar: Building an Evidence-Base on Patterns in Migration, Human Trafficking
    Internal Labour Migration in Myanmar Building an evidence-base on patterns in migration, human trafficking and forced labour International Labour Organization ILO Liaison Officer for Myanmar Report prepared by Kimberly Rogovin Myanmar translation by Daw Thet Hnin Aye Copyright © International Labour Organization 2015 First published 2015 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Licensing), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: [email protected]. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with a reproduction rights organization may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. Internal labour migration in Myanmar: building an evidence-base on patterns in migration, human trafficking and forced labour; International Labour Organization, ILO Liaison Officer for Myanmar. - Yangon: ILO, 2015 x, 106 p. ISBN: 9789221303916; 9789221303923 (web pdf) International Labour Organization; ILO Liaison Officer for Myanmar labour migration / internal migration / trafficking in persons / forced labour / trend / methodology / Myanmar 14.09.1 Also available in Myanmar: ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံအတြင္း ျပည္တြင္းေရႊ႕ေျပာင္းအလုပ္သမားမ်ား ျပည္တြင္းေရႊ႕ေျပာင္းအလုပ္ လုပ္ကုိင္ျခင္း၊ လူကုန္ကူးျခင္း၊ အဓမၼအလုပ္ခုိင္းေစမွႈဆုိင္ရာ ပုံစံမ်ားႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္ေသာ အေထာက္အထားအေျချပဳသက္ေသ တည္ေဆာက္ျခင္း (ISBN 9789228303919), Yangon, 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Behind the Scenes
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 438 Behind the Scenes SEND US YOUR FEEDBACK We love to hear from travellers – your comments keep us on our toes and help make our books better. Our well-travelled team reads every word on what you loved or loathed about this book. Although we cannot reply individually to your submissions, we always guarantee that your feed- back goes straight to the appropriate authors, in time for the next edition. Each person who sends us information is thanked in the next edition – the most useful submissions are rewarded with a selection of digital PDF chapters. Visit lonelyplanet.com/contact to submit your updates and suggestions or to ask for help. Our award-winning website also features inspirational travel stories, news and discussions. Note: We may edit, reproduce and incorporate your comments in Lonely Planet products such as guidebooks, websites and digital products, so let us know if you don’t want your comments reproduced or your name acknowledged. For a copy of our privacy policy visit lonelyplanet.com/ privacy. Tamara Decaluwe, Terence Boley, Thomas Van OUR READERS Loock, Tim Elliott, Ylwa Alwarsdotter Many thanks to the travellers who used the last edition and wrote to us with help- ful hints, useful advice and interesting WRITER THANKS anecdotes: Alex Wharton, Amy Nguyen, Andrew Selth, Simon Richmond Angela Tucker, Anita Kuiper, Annabel Dunn, An- Many thanks to my fellow authors and the fol- nette Lüthi, Anthony Lee, Bernard Keller, Carina lowing people in Yangon: William Myatwunna, Hall, Christina Pefani, Christoph Knop, Chris- Thant Myint-U, Edwin Briels, Jessica Mudditt, toph Mayer, Claudia van Harten, Claudio Strep- Jaiden Coonan, Tim Aye-Hardy, Ben White, parava, Dalibor Mahel, Damian Gruber, David Myo Aung, Marcus Allender, Jochen Meissner, Jacob, Don Stringman, Elisabeth Schwab, Khin Maung Htwe, Vicky Bowman, Don Wright, Elisabetta Bernardini, Erik Dreyer, Florian James Hayton, Jeremiah Whyte and Jon Boos, Gabriella Wortmann, Garth Riddell, Gerd Keesecker.
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of Myanmar
    Ethnologue report for Myanmar Page 1 of 20 Languages of Myanmar [See also SIL publications on the languages of Myanmar.] Union of Myanmar, Pyeidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw. Formerly Burma. 42,720,196. Speakers of Tibeto-Burman languages: 28,877,000 or 78% of the population, Daic languages 2,778,900 or 9.6%, Austro- Asiatic languages 1,934,900 or 6.7%, Hmong-Mien languages 6,000 (1991 J. Matisoff). National or official language: Burmese. Literacy rate: 66% to 78%; 78.5% over 15 years old (1991). Also includes Eastern Tamang, Geman Deng, Iu Mien, Malay (21,000), Sylheti, Chinese (1,015,000), people from Bangladesh and India (500,000). Information mainly from F. Lebar, G. Hickey, J. Musgrave 1964; A. Hale 1982; B. Comrie 1987; R. B. Jones 1988; J. Matisoff et al. 1996; D. Bradley 1997; R. Burling ms. (1998). Blind population: 214,440. Deaf population: 2,684,514. Deaf institutions: 1. The number of languages listed for Myanmar is 109. Of those, 108 are living languages and 1 is extinct. Living languages Achang [acn] 1,700 in Myanmar (1983). West of the Irrawaddy River in Katha District, near Banmauk, scattered among the Lashi. Along the China border. Alternate names: Anchan, Chung, Atsang, Acang, Ngac'ang, Ngachang, Ngochang, Mönghsa, Tai Sa'. Dialects: Maingtha. Classification: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto- Burman, Lolo-Burmese, Burmish, Northern More information. Akha [ahk] 200,000 in Myanmar (1991 UBS). Population total all countries: 449,261. Eastern part of Kengtung Shan State. Also spoken in China, Laos, Thailand, Viet Nam. Alternate names: Kaw, Ekaw, Ko, Aka, Ikaw, Ak'a, Ahka, Khako, Kha Ko, Khao Kha Ko, Ikor, Aini, Yani.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar ­ Languages | Ethnologue
    7/24/2016 Myanmar ­ Languages | Ethnologue Myanmar LANGUAGES Akeu [aeu] Shan State, Kengtung and Mongla townships. 1,000 in Myanmar (2004 E. Johnson). Status: 5 (Developing). Alternate Names: Akheu, Aki, Akui. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Ngwi-Burmese, Ngwi, Southern. Comments: Non-indigenous. More Information Akha [ahk] Shan State, east Kengtung district. 200,000 in Myanmar (Bradley 2007a). Total users in all countries: 563,960. Status: 3 (Wider communication). Alternate Names: Ahka, Aini, Aka, Ak’a, Ekaw, Ikaw, Ikor, Kaw, Kha Ko, Khako, Khao Kha Ko, Ko, Yani. Dialects: Much dialectal variation; some do not understand each other. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Ngwi-Burmese, Ngwi, Southern. More Information Anal [anm] Sagaing: Tamu town, 10 households. 50 in Myanmar (2010). Status: 6b (Threatened). Alternate Names: Namfau. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Sal, Kuki-Chin-Naga, Kuki-Chin, Northern. Comments: Non- indigenous. Christian. More Information Anong [nun] Northern Kachin State, mainly Kawnglangphu township. 400 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley), decreasing. Ethnic population: 10,000 (Bradley 2007b). Total users in all countries: 450. Status: 7 (Shifting). Alternate Names: Anoong, Anu, Anung, Fuchve, Fuch’ye, Khingpang, Kwingsang, Kwinp’ang, Naw, Nawpha, Nu. Dialects: Slightly di㨽erent dialects of Anong spoken in China and Myanmar, although no reported diഡculty communicating with each other. Low inherent intelligibility with the Matwang variety of Rawang [raw]. Lexical similarity: 87%–89% with Anong in Myanmar and Anong in China, 73%–76% with T’rung [duu], 77%–83% with Matwang variety of Rawang [raw]. Classi囕cation: Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Central Tibeto-Burman, Nungish. Comments: Di㨽erent from Nung (Tai family) of Viet Nam, Laos, and China, and from Chinese Nung (Cantonese) of Viet Nam.
    [Show full text]
  • Myanmar: Ethnic Politics and the 2020 General Election
    MYANMAR POLICY BRIEFING | 23 | September 2020 Myanmar: Ethnic Politics and the 2020 General Election KEY POINTS • The 2020 general election is scheduled to take place at a critical moment in Myanmar’s transition from half a century under military rule. The advent of the National League for Democracy to government office in March 2016 was greeted by all the country’s peoples as the opportunity to bring about real change. But since this time, the ethnic peace process has faltered, constitutional reform has not started, and conflict has escalated in several parts of the country, becoming emergencies of grave international concern. • Covid-19 represents a new – and serious – challenge to the conduct of free and fair elections. Postponements cannot be ruled out. But the spread of the pandemic is not expected to have a significant impact on the election outcome as long as it goes ahead within constitutionally-appointed times. The NLD is still widely predicted to win, albeit on reduced scale. Questions, however, will remain about the credibility of the polls during a time of unprecedented restrictions and health crisis. • There are three main reasons to expect NLD victory. Under the country’s complex political system, the mainstream party among the ethnic Bamar majority always win the polls. In the population at large, a victory for the NLD is regarded as the most likely way to prevent a return to military government. The Covid-19 crisis and campaign restrictions hand all the political advantages to the NLD and incumbent authorities. ideas into movement • To improve election performance, ethnic nationality parties are introducing a number of new measures, including “party mergers” and “no-compete” agreements.
    [Show full text]
  • Flood Inundated Area in Ayeyarwady Region (10 - 24!( August 2012)
    Myanmar Information Management Unit Flood Inundated Area in Ayeyarwady Region (10 - 24!( August 2012) 94°30'E 94°40'E 94°50'E 95°E 95°10'E 95°20'E 95°30'E 95°40'E !( 95°50'E 96°E Rakhine Kayin Bago West Ingapu Letpadan Legend Bago East Hinthada Thayarwady !( 17°40'N !( !( 17°40'N Town ® Thayarwady Thonse !( Lemyethna Gwa Yangon .! State Capital !( Lemyethna !( Hinthada Gwa River Okekan Railroad !( 17°30'N Zalun 17°30'N !( Kilometers Zalun Road 05 10 20 Ngathaingchaung Taikkyi Township Boundary !( Ahpyauk !( Yegyi Yegyi State Boundary !( 17°20'N Taikkyi 17°20'N Kyonpyaw !( Coastline !( Kyonpyaw Danubyu Inundated Area !( Danubyu Ocean Hmawbi 17°10'N 17°10'N Thabaung Kyaunggon Description : !( !( Shwethaungyan Heavy rain as part of the monsoon season !( caused flooding in many parts of Myanmar Thabaung Kyaunggon Nyaungdon starting in the beginning of August 2012. !( !( Htantabin Htantabin Nyaungdon !( Flood inundate area can be observed from False Color Composite (Band 721) of 17°N Pantanaw 17°N !( Satellite image (MODIS) from 10-21 August 2012. Flood innundated area can be Pantanaw !( Kangyidaunt observed as Blue to Dark blue color. !( Green color area indicates vegetation. Einme Light grey to Cyan color indicates cloud !( cover. !( !( Pathein Data Sources : Place Name - GAD translated by MIMU 16°50'N 16°50'N Kangyidaunt Boundaries - WFP/MIMU Pathein .! Satellite Image - MODIS (10-24 August 2012) Einme MODIS Rapid Respond Team, http://lance-modis.eosdis.nasa.gov Maubin Twantay !( Twantay Maubin !( Map ID : MIMU895v01 Wakema Glide Number :FL-2012-000140-MMR 16°40'N 16°40'N Creation Date: 24 August 2012.A3 Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Myaungmya Wakema !( !( Map produced by the MIMU Myaungmya E-mail : [email protected] Ngapudaw Kyaiklat Kawhmu Website : www.themimu.info Ngapudaw !( !( 94°30'E 94°40'E 94°50'E 95°E 95°10'E 95°20'E 95°30'E 95°40'E 95°50'E 96°E Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Hazard Profile of Myanmar: an Introduction 1.1
    Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................ I List of Figures ................................................................................................................ III List of Tables ................................................................................................................. IV Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................... V 1. Hazard Profile of Myanmar: An Introduction 1.1. Background ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Myanmar Overview ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3. Development of Hazard Profile of Myanmar : Process ................................................... 2 1.4. Objectives and scope ....................................................................................................... 3 1.5. Structure of ‘Hazard Profile of Myanmar’ Report ........................................................... 3 1.6. Limitations ....................................................................................................................... 4 2. Cyclones 2.1. Causes and Characteristics of Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal .......................................... 5 2.2. Frequency and Impact ....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to Citizenship Card Under Myanmar Citizenship Law
    現代社会文化研究 No.38 2007 年 3 月 An Introduction to Citizenship Card under Myanmar Citizenship Law Tun Tun Aung 要 旨 ミャンマー連邦の法制度は、コモン・ロー・法システムに基づいている。ミャンマー連 邦は「ミャンマー市民権法」を国民のために 1982 年に成立させた。その法に基づき、ミャ ンマーは「市民権カード（Citizenship card)」を国民のアイデンティー・カードとして、国 民に発行した。すべてのミャンマー国民は、その法的アイデンティーを証明するために、 自分の「市民権カード」を所持する。「市民権カード」には、その国民のあらゆる個人デー タが明記されている。本稿は、ミャンマーの現行法に従って、その「市民権カード」シス テムとその機能について紹介しようとするものである。 Keywords: Myanmar Citizenship Law, Classification of Citizens, Citizenship Card System Introduction 1. The history of Myanmar Laws on Citizenship 2. The Provisions of Myanmar Citizenship Law 2.1 The classification of Citizens and duties of Citizen 2.1.1 Citizenship 2.1.2 Associate Citizenship 2.1.3 Naturalized Citizenship 3. The Current system of National Scrutiny Card and Details of National Scrutiny Card 4. The Legal effects (enforcements) under Myanmar Citizenship Law. 4.1 Crimes violating by national ID card holders 4.1.1 Crimes against national ID holders especially for Citizen violating under this Law 4.1.2 Crimes against national ID holders especially for associate citizen violating under this Law 4.1.3 Crimes against national ID holders especially for naturalized citizen violating under this Law - 265 - An Introduction to Citizenship Card under Myanmar Citizenship Law ( Tun Tun Aung ) 4.2 Crimes violating to national ID card Conclusion Introduction The Union of Myanmar is geographically situated in Southeast Asia and bordered on the north and northeast by the People's Republic of China, on the east and southeast by the Loa People's Democratic Republic and the Kingdom of Thailand, on the south by the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal and on the west by the People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Republic of India.
    [Show full text]