March 2013 Page

Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page

The official publication of the Rocky Mountain Federation of Mineralogical Societies, Inc. The RMFMS is a regional member of the American Fed- eration of Mineralogical Societies, Inc. and is issued monthly (except June and July). It is a privilege of membership of the RMFMS and cannot be exchanged by the editor for individual club newsletters from other regional federations. www.rmfms.org

NOTES FROM THE P RESIDENT BY D ELANE C OX Inside this Issue: Editor & Publications Chair 2 re you still snowed in? Or have you begun to thaw out? Here in my Rockin’ Thru Utah 2 A neighborhood, we are expecting spring at any time. Forget winter! It Prospectors 5 forgot us, so we are going to expect an early spring. The buds on some trees are beginning to swell already, and I have seen a few daffodils up Twilight of the Mammoths 5 about six inches. Just hope we don’t have a late freeze and ruin the beauti- Mineral Names 6 ful plants. Rockhounding in the 21st Century 6 With the warmer weather coming, it is time to start thinking about'Field Trips! Oh, the Value of Scrap Gold 7 rocks are waiting for us to come and find them. A few reminders for field trips: Registered as 501(c)(3)? 8 1. Be sure to have a plan on paper for each participant and driver, including maps and What is a Rockhound? 9 directions, times to meet and where, and cell phone numbers of as many participants

New Case in the Show 9 as possible. You never know when a breakdown or wrong turn will occur.

South Dakota Public Land News 10 2. Before leaving the parking lot, have a brief talk about conditions, what to look for, and safety reminders. Get signed releases if needed. A Simple Pineapple 10 3. Make sure all participants have extra water with them, along with proper equipment Want to be Part of a New Book? 11 for that particular rock hunt. Poetry & Art Contest Winners 11 4. Make sure you have a written list of everyone who is on the trip. That helps to keep Lure of Banded Rhyolite 11 track of trippers and not leave someone behind (it has happened!). Shows & More 12 I hope you have put the winter months to good use by getting tools in top shape, sorting Officers & Committees 13 your rocks into good rocks and yard rocks, labeled all of your specimens (identify the rock and where it came from), and possibly slabbed and cabbed some of the best ones. It is so good to be able to see the beauty of the stones and be able to share that with others.

AUAL SHOW & Happy rock hunting! COVETIO May 17-19, 2013 TREASURER ’S R EPORT BY G ENE M AGGARD (All forms available at www.rmfms.org)

● Hosted by the Wasatch Gem ll annual reports have been received except for one, so I can give you a summary Society A of membership levels tallied from these reports, using last year’s numbers for the ● Kim Blanton, President and one non-reporting club. We are starting 2012-13 with 76 clubs reporting, with 6,787 contact, kimblanton2 @aol.com, dues paying members . Total membership reported is 7,023 members. 801-604-1265. ● Salt Lake County Equestrian We started the 2011-12 fiscal year with 71 clubs reporting with a total reported mem- Park & Events Center, 2100 W. bership of 7,412 members. We picked up four clubs during the year and ended 2011- 11400 South, South Jordon 12 with a total of 7,484 members. (Sandy), UT ● Let your favorite vendor know There was an alarming drop in membership. It would have been worse if two additional about the show. clubs had not joined RMFMS so far in this fiscal year. Member clubs were split almost even for ● Host Hotel, Breakfast, Meetings, either gaining or loosing members, but a few clubs had very large membership drops sometime dur- Banquet—Hyatt House on S. ing the year in 2011-12. These large drops in membership for a few clubs resulted in the drop in Monroe, Sandy, UT total membership. ● Show—Salt Lake Co. Equestrian Park, South Jordan, UT Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 2

This is now two years in a row of declining membership in RMFMS. Perhaps there were organ- PPPPUBLICATIONSUBLICATIONS izational problems in some clubs that caused the member loss. We do not know. What we do Editor: know is if member loss turns into a long-term trend, the impact will be negative and severe. It would be a good idea for us all to find ways to attract new members into our earth sciences clubs Betty Cain and societies. 2702 E. Pikes Peak Ave. Colo. Springs, CO 80909 719-634-8205 [email protected] EDITOR & P UBLICATIONS C HAIR BY B ETTY C AIN

Circulation Manager: ‘Nuff said!! Bill Cain DEADLINE (see above) 5:00 PM 719-322-6089 [email protected] Subscriptions: Gene Maggard 8318 SE Highway 77 Leon, KS 67076 316-742-3746 [email protected]

RatesRates————$3.50$3.50 a year for ROCKIN ’ T HRU U TAH : I NTRODUCTION AND the Rocky Mountain Federa- COLORADO P LATEAUS tion News only. $7.75 a DR. M IKE N ELSON year for both the Rocky Mountain Federation News his article, and some that will follow, will do double duty—they will con- [email protected] , and the RMFMS Directory . tinue my series of small articles briefly covering the geology of RMFMS T www.csmsgeologypost.b states, and also introduce the geology of Utah to those travelers attending Directory onlyonly————$5.00$5.00$5.00. logspot.com the Federation’s annual meeting and show. This event, hosted by the Wa- Order from Supplies Chair, satch Gem and Mineral Society, will be held May 17-19 in Jordan. Kim Blanton 728 E. Sandy Dunes Dr. The Federation website lists a substantial number of active clubs in the state: Cache Rock and Sandy, UT 84094 Gem club (Logen), Mineral Collectors of Utah (Kaysville); Moab Rock Club (Moab); Beehive 801-604-1263 Rock and Gem Club (Ogden); Rockhounders Outreach for Community Knowledge (Salt Lake City); Wasatch Gem Society (Sandy); Toole Gem and Mineral Society (Toole). Most are lo- [email protected] cated along the Wasatch Front with the exceptions being the Moab club in the Colorado Pla- Deadline teau, and the Toole club west of Salt Lake City in the Great Basin. A disclaimer: the RMFMS Bulletin submissions deadline website may not have the most current information about member clubs. Utah is another one of is the second week of the those states that is divided between federations. I have found listings for several other Utah month prior to publication clubs (evidently non-RMFMS members): Color Country Gem & Mineral Society (Panguitch); date; i.e., the deadline for Golden Spike Gem & Mineral Society (Ogden); Southern Utah Rock Club (Cedar City). At any rate, it appears that rock and mineral clubs are alive and well in the state. the April bulletin is the third week of March. I have a very soft spot in my heart for Utah—in fall 1967 I had a “big week” as I graduated from Unless otherwise marked, South Dakota, traveled to Kansas, got married, and drove to Utah for additional graduate materials from this publica- school. All worldly items were packed in a 1959 Pontiac with a portable roof carrier. It was an tion may be reprinted by enormous beast (compared to versions today) with a huge trunk and a mighty 285 hp engine. members, giving credit to Everything seemed to work out and graduation came three years later, as did a university teaching position back in Kansas. For the next 21 summers, I packed up my students and my the author and the Rocky family, and we collected and studied Utah geology at many localities, from border to border. Mountain Federation News. Life was good (See August 21, 2012 Utah Petrified Wood and Flower Children at www.csmsgeologypost.blogspot.com ). My most recent large research projects (each involving several summers) were: 1) examining the large vertebrate animals that lived along the shoreline of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville; and 2) collecting and describing Cretaceous mammals from the Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 3

San Rafael Swell Laramide uplift in central Utah). At the time (mid to late 1980’s), these tiny fossils represented some of the first Cretaceous mammal faunas known west of the interior seaway.

Like most of the Rocky Mountain States, Utah has a very complex geological history and any detailed explanation is beyond the scope of this small paper. For additional reading I would refer readers to: 1) Utah’s Spectacular Geology , 2005, Lehi F. Hintze; and 2) Geological History of Utah , 2009, Lehi F. Hintze & Bart Kowallis. Both seem available on used book sites. The “good” thing about this variety and complexity is that the spectacular geology is displayed along the many roads and trails in the five National Parks, seven National Monuments, two National Recreation Areas, a National Historic Site, and six National Forests.

In terms of physiography, Utah includes portions of three major regions: 1) Colorado Pla- teaus; 2) Basin and Range; and 3) Middle Rocky Mountains. In addition, a fourth “semi- region” includes the Colorado Plateau-Basin and Range Transition Area. The included subdivisions of each region display spectacular geology and fantastic scenery. All areas have produced great specimens for collectors and with some patience and digging many localities still yield nice finds.

The Middle Rocky Mountains are a segment of the larger Rocky Mountain System and in Utah consist of two major ranges---the east-west trending Uinta Range and the north-south trending Wasatch Range. Although Utah does not have a 14er in either range, the mountains do display some fantastic scenery and high peaks. Kings Peak, the highest in the state at 13,528 feet, is in the Uintas, and Mt Nebo (11,928 feet) anchors the southern end of the Wasatch. Most of the population of Utah (over two million) is centered along the western side of the Wasatch between Brigham City in the north and Santaquin in the south--- members of the LDS faith found this land to be fertile if irrigated by waters coming off the mountains. The Wasatch Front supports 80% of the state’s population that is somewhat Physiographic Regions of Utah. Map crowded and sandwiched between the Wasatch and Great Salt Lake in the north and the from Utah Geological Survey. Wasatch and the desert or mountains in the south.

East of Salt Lake City, at the 2002 Olympics resort town of Park City, is a very interesting geological feature where the Uinta Mountains meet the Wasatch Mountains at a right angle junction (see maps above). This junction is manifested at the surface by a great out- pouring of volcanic rocks and intrusions of igneous rocks. The mining riches of Park City are associated with the volcanics while igneous stocks extending west produced such metallic hotspots as Alta.

The Colorado Plateaus include much of what visitors associate with “Red Rock Country” although certainly not all of the rocks are red, especially in places like the Uinta Basin (described below). However, national parks and monuments such as Zion, Bryce, Can- yonlands, Arches, Grand Staircase/Escalante, Cedar Breaks, Capitol Reef and Glen Can- yon National Recreation Area display perhaps the most spectacular desert scenery (much of it red) of any locality in the world. Much of this landscape is due to erosion by the Green and Colorado River systems.

In addition to the “red rocks”, large scale igneous intrusions (termed laccoliths) have produced a series of domed mountains (discussed later). These laccoliths - the Blue or Abajo Mountains, La Sal Mountains and Henry Mountains - were the first of their kind to Relief map of Utah . SRS is San Rafael be named and studied by geologists. All have peaks in excess of 11,000 feet and Mt Swell, T is Transition Zone, SLC is location Peale at 12,721 feet in the La Sal Mountains in the highest point between the peaks of the of Salt Lake City. Refer to map of Physi- Uintas and someplace in Mexico. ographic Regions above. The Basin and Range Province has a unique geology with numerous north-south oriented mountain ranges separated by sediment filled basins. The ranges are usually asymmetric in cross section due to bounding high-angle normal faults. These faults create uplifted ranges (a horst) and down-dropped basins (grabens); often the ranges are tilted at an angle. The asymmetry is created when the steep side of the tilted range erodes as a scarp. Most of the exposed core rocks in the ranges are Paleozoic or Mesozoic in age but are often covered by Cenozoic volcanic rocks. The Cenozoic valley-fill sediments are thick (~2000-3000 feet) and represent material shed off the eroding ranges as well as lake beds.

Some of the mountain peaks in the Basin and Range are quite high in elevation with White Mountain Peak in California, a 14er. In Utah, Ibapah Peak in the Deep Creek Mountains comes in at 12,101 feet. The region is characterized by having internal drain- age—no river leaves the Basin and Range and heads toward an ocean. Faulting and mountain building seemed to have started in Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 4 the Miocene, perhaps ~17 Ma, and is an extensional event - the crust is stretching and thinning. This is in contrast to the formation of the Rocky Mountains, a compressional event.

The varied and complex geology of Utah, coupled with the fact that I have a limited number of words available in the newsletter, has caused me much concern - how do I get my points across in a flowing, reasonable, and concise manner? I decided that result may be impossible since I do have some personal time constraints—for example, the Tucson Show is starting and that is a multi- day effort! Therefore, I will be combining some previous articles written for my blog as well as for the CSMS Pick&Pack. So, this article may seem to flow in a haphazard fashion; however, Tucson is calling.

One of the major subdivisions of the northern Colorado Plateaus is the Uinta Basin (see figure above), a large basin associated with the Sevier/Laramide (Cretaceous & early Tertiary) Orogeny and located in eastern Utah south of the Uinta Mountains. The Basin is a structural basin, as opposed to a topographic basin, meaning that it is a very large syncline, and a compliment to the anticlinal Uinta Mountains. The structure is related to the Piceance Basin of northeastern Colorado, and the Fossil and Green River Basins north of the Mountains in Wyoming. The rocks in the Basin are an interesting sequence of latest Paleocene (~58 my) to early Oligocene (~28my) basin-fill sediments consisting of, in ascending order, the Colton Formation (stream and flood plain deposits), the Green River Formation (Lake Uinta, part of a large fresh water lake system), the Uinta Formation (lake edge and lake filling sediments), and the Duchesne River Formation (stream and flood plain sediments on top of the lake sediments (see Pick&Pack v. 49, #9, and #10 for additional descriptions).

One of the more interesting aspects of these basins is the presence of numerous accumulations of hydrocarbons, the best known being the famous “oil shale”, deposits, and the numerous fields of liquid petroleum and natural gas. Many RMFMS travelers have specimens of kerogen-rich mudstone, the oil shale, suitable for cabinet displays. However, there are other types of less well- known hydrocarbons that are of interest both to collectors and to “oil” speculators—the aptly named solid hydrocarbons.

When I first arrived in the Basin town of Vernal in the late 1960’s, it was quite evident that during the hot summer weather the city streets seemed quite “soft” and somewhat unstable. Further inquiry lead me to the nearby open-pit quarry on Asphalt Ridge where city crews mined “tar sands” and constructed a paving mix. It seems as if the city had started paving with raw tar sand in the 1920’s and continued to develop more effective methods until the mix was being used on state highways in the 1980’s.

My next interaction with the tar sands came in the early 1980’s when I was completing a Paleontological Environmental Impact Statement on Asphalt Ridge near a DoE funded in-situ (in place) experimental project (with a nice play on words, the TARZAN project). The bitumen-impregnated sand at Asphalt Ridge is in the Eocene-Oligocene Duchesne River Formation; however, other tar sand deposits in Utah are located in the Green River Formation (Eocene), Mesa Verde Group (Cretaceous), Moenkopi Formation (Triassic), and White Rim Sandstone (Permian) (Gwynn, 2007). The Uinta Basin tar sands had their genesis in the Green River oil shales—migration of hydrocarbons.

The activity and commercial speculation sort of died out in the late 1980’s and 1990’s; however, I do know that some companies, for example Nevtah Capital Management in conjunction with privately held companies, have invested considerable resources in trying to develop an extraction process and hold many lease acres in Utah. In addition, mining of tar sands may have started at PR Springs in a remote part of the Basin on the East Tavaputs Plateau.

Whatever the case, Utah tar sands may one day play a major role in the “energy business” and a sample of this unique rock deserves a place on the collector’s cabinet next to the oil shale specimen.

Perhaps the most interesting mineral in the Uinta Basin is one that a few years ago (pre-1995) would not be classified as a ”mineral” and that is Uintaite, referred to in this article as the trade name Gilsonite. In 1995, the International Mineralogical Association adopted a new definition of a mineral as “an element or chemical Bitumen-impregnated (Tar Sands) Santstone at Asphalt Ridge near Vernal, Utah. compound that is normally crystalline and that has been formed as a result of geological processes” (Nickel, 1995). This definition opened the way for an organic class of substances that included hydrocarbons of which Gilsonite is a member. Gilsonite is a solid hydrocarbon that comes from the solidification of petroleum. It is usually a dull black in the field and resembles coal; however, some fresh surfaces are quite shiny with a conchoidal fracture and superficially looks a little like obsidian.

Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 5

Gilsonite in the Uinta Basin occurs in long veins (measured in miles) from a few inches to several feet thick and hundreds of feet in a vertical direction. Most thick veins occur in the Green River and Uinta Formations, both units are Eocene in age. In fact, the veins seem “rooted” in the oil shales of the Green River Formation. Tripp (2004) believes the Gilsonite had its beginning in the large amounts of organic debris that accumulated in the sediments of tropical Lake Uinta. The burial of these sediments created heat and pres- sure, and the Green River oil shales were formed. Again, burial of the oil shales created water and hydrogen, and this explosive mixture was expelled and created fractures in the surrounding rock. These fractures were later filled with petroleum whose viscosity disap- peared with desiccation. Gilsonite is essentially solid “petroleum”.

Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 6

MINERALINERAL N AMES —PART 1 BY H OLGER H ARTMAIER , CALGARY L APIDARY J OURNAL , F EB 2013

inerals have been around since shortly after the “Big Bang” when the universe was formed. However, it was only in the com- M paratively recent historical past that man has started to put names to minerals. Before we go on much further in this discus- sion, we must define what a mineral is. The following is a fairly simplified definition (Pough, 1976), “A mineral is a naturally occur- ring, inorganic compound, with fairly definite physical properties and chemical composition.” So, for exam-ple, the common mineral quartz has a chemical formula SiO 2 (silicon dioxide). No matter where you may go (on earth or out in the solar system), the chemical composition of quartz is always SiO 2. In early times, minerals had names like “brimstone”, “vermillion”, “lodestone” and “alabaster”, related to certain obvious physical properties. The names of native elements like gold, silver, copper and lead however have stayed the same over the millenia. This is because the native elements are easily identified by their physical properties and they are essentially pure elements when found naturally. Eventually, man discovered that metals could be extracted from certain minerals by various processes, such as roasting. It became necessary, for instance to identify minerals which were ores of copper, silver and lead, as occurrences of native elements are rare. Early alchemists played around with various cocktails and searched for the “philosopher’s stone”, which would turn base metals into gold and silver. Mineral names like “quartz” and “cinnabar” are of very old origin and have remained with us, because these minerals had well known properties and could easily be identified. Man has always been fascinated by gemstones and lapidary materials. So some of the earliest names such as “ruby”, “sapphire”, “emerald”; or “agate”, “carnelian”, “amethyst” were given to different looking materials, without knowing any-thing about their chemistry.

During the 17 th century, the practice of alchemy started to evolve into the science of chemistry. Many of the alchemists of the day had developed methods for extracting metals from ores, refining and metalworking. They had developed rudimentary classifications of substances, which led to the earliest concepts on elements and compounds. By the end of the 17 th century, chemistry was beginning to become an established science and mineralogy was developing into its own specialty. By the 1800’s, a great advances had taken place in both chemistry and mineralogy, as well as crystallography, leading to the earliest systematic classification of minerals by chemical composition (i.e. silicates, sulphides, carbonates, etc.). This is when the first real naming of minerals took place. The scientific study of mineral composition determined, that for example “ruby” and “sapphire” are one and the same mineral (corundum) and that “agate”, “carnelian” and “amethyst” are all forms of quartz. Many of the early mineral names were based on names of localities (e.g. freibergite) or persons (e.g. adamite) or old Greek origins (e.g. chrysoberyl). Current practice is to name minerals after localities or persons. The official mineral naming organization is the Commission on New Mineral Names (CNMMN) of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA). References: Pough, F.H., A Field Guide to Rocks and Minerals , The Peterson Field Guide Series, 4 th Edition, 1976, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.

ROCKHOUNDING IN THE 21 ST C ENTURY BY R ICK M AUER , C LACKAMETTE M INERAL & G EM , 10/12

e are blessed with the ability to rock hound in the traditional way, i.e. personal or organized field trips to gather the rocks, fos- W sils, minerals & crystals we prize from Mother Nature herself. Though these opportunities still exist, it is becoming more and more difficult to fill out a collection or acquire the fine lapidary materials of days gone by. There are still limited supplies of these materials available from shows, dealers, auctions, swaps, estate sales etc. but there is one special source that I would like to talk a little about. I am referring to the large legacy of materials in the hands of our veteran rock hounds, and some aspects of acquiring them. I know this is a pretty heavy topic for a rock club website, but I have not seen it in print elsewhere and feel it needs some attention. This is a difficult subject to discuss because unlike taking a rock hammer to a mountain, it requires gentleness, tact, diplomacy and caring. Unlike the mountain, you are dealing with real people and entering into, if only briefly, their lives. These rocks, fossils, minerals & crystals in some ways represent their passions, loves, adventures, discoveries and accomplishments. They contain memories, fond and sometimes bittersweet, and are often intermingled with memories of friends and loved ones who may or may not still be with them. These rocks often have special meaning which may be entrusted to you like a keepsake. Some items will be given or sold to you to steward ‘til you no longer have a place for them in your life at which time you are expected to find another steward. These opportunities arise because as we all go through life, circumstances change. This sometimes means downsizing and in the case of rockhounds this may include rocks. If you are lucky enough to be involved in one of these downsizings, I would like to offer a few observations and suggestions. 1. Remember, you are dealing with people; the rocks are secondary. Take the time to visit. There is no rush. Enjoy their company. Listen carefully to their stories, anecdotes and insights. You will be amazed at what you will hear and will come away wiser and Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 7

richer for it. It takes a special class of people to love a rock or rock person and this is a wonderful opportunity to observe how this mind set has weathered the course of time. 2. Be patient and understanding. This is their collection and it is up to them as to how and when if at all, to dispose of it. 3. Be discreet. Oftentimes you will become privy to personal facts and details. If those who have divulged them to you want them to be common knowledge let them take care of it. 4. Be trustworthy. If you come upon a collection with certain conditions attached and you are unwilling to see to it that these conditions are met, decline the offer and find some club or individual who will. 5. Because of the special nature or circumstance of some material you may have to prove your worthiness. This is sometimes the overriding issue, even eclipsing money. Answer all questions honestly. The owner may be looking for special handling or appre- ciation or some unique aspect of the collection and has every right to feel his or her wishes will be met. 6. If a financial sum is involved and you cannot, even through partnering afford the price, be honest and pass on the offer. It is cruel to talk down or discount the value of a collection of some-ones prized possessions. If they wish to lower the price, let them initiate changes if any. 7. If all goes well and an agreement is arrived at, don't be greedy. Often some prizes are kept by the owner. Let them go gracefully and with your good wishes. If after you have obtained the material you find some items don't interest you, recycle them back into the hobby through trades and swaps, sales or outright gifts to friends, club members, or the club itself. In closing, I would like to thank you for reading this article. I wish to apologize if I have sounded preachy or dogmatic. My only intent is to add a little perspective to one very special form of rock-hounding and possibly start some dialog on this subject.

CALCULATING T HE V ALUE OF S CRAP G OLD BY T ONY O RZANO have been asked many times how do you calculate the value of scrap gold? The spot price for gold (price traded on the stock I market) is a poor indicator of the real value of your scrap gold (the price quoted is for pure gold – 24 Karat). What is scrap gold? Any gold that is not wanted. You might have some jewelry pieces you have not worn for a long time and do not want anymore; these can be turned into cash.

Before you sell your gold, make sure you know how much actual gold you have and what it is worth. You must separate your gold into karat groups: 10k, 14k, 18k, 22k and 24k. Make sure the items are stamped with only these marks – if there are any other marks after the k, like s or p then you have gold plated – not real – gold.

To find the value of each group you must use the gram scale. Gold is measured in Troy ounces. One troy ounce equals 31.1 grams. First, get the updated price per ounce for gold; divide the price by 31.1 to get the rate for 1 gram of pure (24k) gold. Example: $1,000 per oz ÷ 31.1 = $32.15 per gram for pure gold. But what about for other purities? The 'k' value indicates the ratio of gold in the alloy, Divide this by 24 to get the ratio: 10k: 10/24 = 0.4167 41.67% gold content 14k: 14/24 = 0.5833 58.33% gold content 18k: 18/24 = 0.7500 75.00% gold content 22k: 22/24 = 0.9167 91.67% gold content 24k 24/24 = 1.0000 100.00% gold content Example: If today's gold rate was $1,000 per ounce, the following would be the value of the gold in 10 grams of each of the five karat groups: 10k: 0.4167 × $32.15 × 10 = $133.95 14k: 0.5833 × $32.15 × 10 = $187.53 18k: 0.7500 × $32.15 × 10 = $241.12 22k: 0.9167 × $32.15 × 10 = $294.49 24k: 1.0000 × $32.15 × 10 = $321.50

Most people will use grams for calculating, but scrap dealers will use the pennyweight system to confuse you. There are 20 pennyweight in a troy ounce. Just substitute 20 for the 31.1 to calculate pennyweight in the previous formulas. Keep in mind scrap dealers will not give you the full value. They usually will try to get you for 30-40% of the price. If you go in with your gold separated by karat weight and have already done the calculations, then you may get between 50-70% of price. You will never get more than that from anyone unless it is pure 24K gold, and then you will usually get 90-95% of price. They calculate the smelting and processing fees in the quote. Remember if you have an antique jewelry piece or coin, it might be worth more because of rarity, and the value would be more than the gold it contains.

ALWAYS REMEMBER : Bring your gold to a reputable dealer. Avoid the-fly-by night operations with ads such as: “We are here at so-and-so hotel for one week only...If you want the best price we are the only ones that can give the best result for your gold” – BALONEY ! Seller beware. via Monongahela Rockhound News 02-2010, El Gambrisino, 02-2013 Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 8

A Q UESTION FOR RMFMS C LUBS : BY J IM H EIMAN , CLACKAMETTE M INERAL & G EM , 1/9/13 WHY ARE W E R EGISTERED AS 501( C)(3) O RGANIZATIONS ?

I read this in an Oregon newsletter and wondered how many of our Rocky Mountain clubs may be in the same situation. I hope this article causes you to ask about your club’s IRS status. Editor

History Clackamette Mineral and Gem incorporated on February 15, 1965 with the State of Oregon as a non-profit. The group applied to the IRS and was granted status as a 501(c)(7) non-profit corporation. This is how CMGC operated for many years. Dr. Dean Arrasmith who was our Federation Director looked into our IRS filing status to ensure that we were in compliance with I.R.S. statutes. He raised some questions about whether we were in compliance. The main concern was whether or not the income from our annual show was in accordance with our 501(c)(7) filing status. Upon review, the Board of Directors felt that our operations were more consistent with those of a 501(c)(3).

The Board formed several committees and enlisted the aid of Honorary Member Michael Kokinos in order to facilitate the application process with the IRS to change our status to a 501(c)(3). This included amending our Bylaws and Articles of Incorporation and filing the proper paper work with the Oregon Secretary of State’s Office and the Oregon Attorney General’s office. The IRS approved our application and changed our filing status to a 501(c)(3) retroactively to our original incorporation date of February 15, 1965. We are incorporated as a charitable and educational organization.

Why is this important to CMGC? • We are exempt from paying taxes. • Donations to CMGC are tax deductible and we can give the donors receipts. • We can apply for grants from foundations and the government. • We can get reduced postal rates for some mailings. • We can legally put on our annual show.

We are in compliance with I.R.S. rules and statutes.

How does this affect the General Public and members. • People can make tax deductible donations to CMGC such as: • Rock collections • Rock equipment • Finished Lapidary material • Specimens • CMGC can be named as a beneficiary in a will or estate • Basically anything of value that is donated is tax deductible

You can write off your vehicle mileage, parking and any tolls when on CMGC business. The mileage rate at this time for non-profits is 14 cents per mile.

There are responsibilities and restrictions that go along with being a 501(c)(3). • Since we are organized as a charitable and education non-profit, we need to document our charitable and educational activi- ties. • We need to keep thorough financial records to show that we are in compliance with IRS rules and statutes. • We are not allowed as an organization to engage in heavy lobbying or endorsing candidates for political office.

We hope this overview is helpful in understanding some of the benefits and responsibilities that go along with being incorporated as a 501 (c)(3). While the purpose of this article is educational, it is not meant to suggest that everyone can take advantage of any or all of the tax deductions that are listed. You need to contact a tax professional to see if they fit your individual circumstances.

If you have any questions or concerns regarding your club’s non-profit status, please contact one of the Board members.

Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 9

FREE C RAFT P ATTERNS BY C HARLIE C HRISTENSEN , WHAT I S A R OCKHOUND ? THE V OICE , 02-2013 A Teacher/Educator A Mineralogist or those crafters in our club, I want to pass on some neat information A Geologist F about a website where you can get all sorts of “FREE” patterns/projects, A Paleontologist etc. This website is www.interweave.com . When you get to the site, all you An Archaeologist need to do is register (it’s FREE) using an email address and password. A Biologist Once you get there, they will show you a list of different crafts/hobbies; from A Botanist this list you just pick those that interest you. A Herpetologist An Entomologist You will then become the recipient of informative emails from different sites. A Lapidary A Student For instance, if you indicated you are interested in jewelry making, you will A Sculptor start seeing emails from wire-sculpture.com, beadingdaily.com, etc. A Jeweler A Photographer Through Interweave, you can go in and get free patterns every one in a while, A Painter link you to savings, sites for supplies and equipment. They also have great A Four-Wheeler discounts on instructional DVDs, books, ebooks, magazines, and emags. A Hiker Some of our favorite magazines are available via digital means as well as A Biker hardcopy. Saves paper and also makes it easy to keep copies of your favor- A Conservationist A Recreationist ite issues, and, if you move, you don’t need to worry about change of address And a Responsible Citizen for your magazines.

MOROKS, 02- 013 Give it a try. Some of the information that you will be seeing in future issues of The Voice will come from the above source.

HOW W ILLILL T HAT N EW C ASE F ARE ININ THE S HOW ? BY E VAN D AY , E XHIBITS C HAIRMAN

ou are cordially invited to enter an exhibit in the “GEMSTONE JUNCTION 2013” show of the Golden Spike Gem & Mineral Y Society. It is being held at the Weber County Fairgrounds in Ogden, UT on April 12, 13, &14. Your work or collections relating to Lapidary, handmade Jewelry, Earth Sciences, etc. will help display our rockhounding talents to the attending public.

In addition, the Rocky Mountain Federation of Mineralogical Societies annual show is being hosted by our sister club, Wasatch Gem Society, in Salt Lake City on 17-19 May, 2013. So this year Golden Spike is adding a new feature to our exhibit format – Competition Evaluations! We have assembled a team of experienced competition Judges headed by Dee Holland, Rules and Awards Chairman for the American Federation, to evaluate cases that exhibitors might consider entering at Salt Lake or other up- coming Federation shows. You've got great stuff, but are uncertain how to go about competing for ribbons and trophies. This is a painless, non-threatening, and fun way to get your feet wet in competition. Using the AFMS Uniform Rules, the judges will help you be sure you are entering in the right category, meet the requirements, and offer suggestions on showmanship, lighting, etc.

We have a limited number of club-owned standard exhibit cases (2'x2'x4') available, first-come first-served. If you have your own case, that is great, especially for competition. If you would like to join us or have questions, please reply to this email, or call me at 801-391-2912. We are space-limited to a total of 60 cases this year, so don't delay. Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 10

PUBLIC L ANDS N EWS —SOUTH D AKOTA BY J ANICE B AUMEISTER , SD PLA

he February 17th issue of the Rapid City Journal , Rapid City, SD has an article stating that one of the branches of Sierra Club, T “Defenders of the Black Hills”, are delaying efforts for the National Guard’s plans for troops to train on 800 acres (out of over 100,000 acres) of the Buffalo Gap Grasslands in Western South Dakota The National Guard chose areas of arid, treeless terrain that would help simulate conditions in Afghanistan and Iraq. The Defenders are protesting that radiation levels caused by uranium deposits at or near the surface were “likely” to be harmful to soldiers during training exercises. The Black Hills group of Sierra Club challenged the National Guards’ environmental assessment process last year due to impact of maneuvers on the grassland “ecosystem and wildlife.” They are not one bit concerned about workmen in the uranium field at Edgement or the hundreds of acres destroyed with deep holes and grass eaten to the roots, making the grassland bare on the Buffalo Gap Grasslands.

It was the efforts of the National Guard that stopped Senator Johnson’s bill in Congress three years ago to put all of the grasslands along Cheyenne River into “Wilderness”. The Forest Service’s almost roadless plans closed our trails and are now in effect. The eld- erly have to walk miles or stay home! Their new effort now is another plan to get the National Guard off these areas! It is all part of the Northern Plains conservation Networks’ great vision plans to get all of the northern plains put into millions of acres into wilderness for buffalo pastures. READ: www.npcn.net/indes.php/pages/vision

Contact SD Governor Dennis Ganguaard: www.dennis-daugaard.net , 605-773-3212 and your own state governor, US Sena- tors and Representatives and ask them to support the South Dakota National Guard on this concern.

A S IMPLEIMPLE P INEAPPLEINEAPPLE F ROM AN E-MAIL BUDDY , J AN B AUMEISTER The pineapple is a member of the bromeliad family. It is extremely rare that bromeliads produce edible fruit. The pineapple is the only available edible bromeliad today. It is a multiple fruit. One pineapple is actually made up of dozens of individual floweret's that grow together to form the entire fruit. Each scale on a pineapple is evidence of a separate flower. Pineapples stop ripening the minute they are picked. No special way of storing them will help ripen them further. Color is relatively unimportant in determining ripeness. Choose your pineapple by smell. If it smells fresh, tropical and sweet, it will be a good fruit. The more scales on the pineapple, the sweeter and juicier the taste. After you cut off the top, you can plant it. It should grow much like a sweet potato will. This delicious fruit is not only sweet and tropical; it also offers many benefits to our health. Pineapple is a remarkable fruit. We find it enjoyable because of its lush, sweet and exotic flavor, but it may also be one of the most healthful foods available today. If we take a more detailed look at it, we will find that pineapple is valuable for easing indigestion, arthritis or sinusitis. The juice has an anthelmintic effect; it helps get rid of intestinal worms. Let's look at how pineapple affects other conditions. • Pineapple is high in manganese, a mineral that is critical to development of strong bones and connective tissue. A cup of fresh pineapple will give you nearly 75% of the recommended daily amount. It is particularly helpful to older adults, whose bones tend to become brittle with age. • Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme, is the key to pineapple's value. Proteolytic means "breaks down protein", which is why pineapple is known to be a digestive aid. It helps the body digest proteins more efficiently. • Bromelain is also considered an effective anti-inflammatory. Regular ingestion of at least one half cup of fresh pineapple daily is purported to relieve painful joints common to osteoarthritis. • It also produces mild pain relief. • In Germany, Bromelain is approved as a post-injury medication because it is thought to reduce inflammation and swelling. • Orange juice is a popular liquid for those suffering from a cold because it is high in Vitamin C. Fresh pineapple is not only high in this vitamin, but because of the Bromelain, it has the ability to reduce mucous in the throat. • If you have a cold with a productive cough, add pineapple to your diet. It is used in Europe as a post-operative measure to cut mucous after certain sinus and throat operations. Those individuals who eat fresh pineapple daily report fewer sinus problems related to allergies. In and of itself, pineapple has a very low risk for allergies. • Pineapple is also known to discourage blood clot development. This makes it a valuable dietary addition for frequent fliers and others who may be at risk for blood clots. • An old folk remedy for morning sickness is fresh pineapple juice. it really works! Fresh juice and some nuts first thing in the morning often make a difference. • It's also good for a healthier mouth. The fresh juice discourages plaque growth. Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 11

WANT TO B E P ART OF A N EW B OOK ? B Y P ATTI P OLK , E DITOR , S EDONA G&M C LUB few years ago, I wrote a book on collecting rocks, gems, and minerals that has been very successful. Because of A that, my publisher asked me to write another book on the Agates and Jaspers of North America, which I am in the process of putting together now. So, I am requesting RMFMS members to contact me if they have any agates or jaspers from unusual locations such as the east coast states or Canada that I could get photos of? You would get credit for your collection and photos in the book and be listed in the resources if you have a website or store. My email address is: [email protected] ; I need the photos ASAP as I have a mid-March deadline. AGATEGRRRL.COM

WORLD ''S L ARGEST Y OUTH P OETRY & A RT C ONTEST W INNERSINNERS TO RECEIVE A WARDS AT SAN F RANCISCO P UBLIC L IBRARYIBRARY BY S TEVEN W ADE V EATCH , P IKES P EAK P EBBLE P UBS MORAGA, Calif. (March 11, 2013) Twelve remarkable young poets and artists, ranging from age 7 to 17, and more than a dozen national finalists will be honored at the18th annual River of Words International Youth Creativity Awards on Sunday, April 21, 2013 at 1:30 p.m. in the Koret Auditorium of the San Francisco Public Library. The event is open to the public and is free. The children’s winning art, which focuses on environmental themes, will be on display and the winning young poets will read their work onstage. Our own Jack Shimon, age 7, wrote a poem and submitted it to the River of Words Poetry Contest. He is a FINALIST in the competition. In recognition of his talent and effort the River of Words will be sending Jack a prize medal, winner’s certificate, and some small prizes. Jack's work will also be published in the River of Words 2013 Anthology. He will receive a copy of the book and River of Words will also donate copies in Jack's name to his school library, his public library, and to his teacher.

Conducted in affiliation with the Library of Congress Center for the Book, the annual River of Words (ROW) contest, which celebrates both National Poetry Month and Earth Day, is the largest youth poetry and art competition in the world. The River of Words Interna- tional Youth Creativity Awards will feature award-winning children's poetry and art on environmental themes. Award winners this year include young people from across the country, including Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, and California and the International Art Prize winner: a sixteen-year-old from Malaysia, who plans to attend the event. River of Words (ROW) is a program of the Center for Environmental Literacy in the Kalmanovitz School of Education at Saint Mary’s College of California that promotes education initiatives that integrate nature and the arts into K-12 classrooms. The program inspires children and youth to translate their observations about their local watersheds and environment into creative expressions in poems and paintings. It also trains educators around the world how to incorporate nature exploration, science and the arts into their work with young people. The 2013 winners and finalists were selected from thousands of entries from around the world by contest co-founders U.S. Poet Lau- reate Robert Hass and Pamela Michael and renowned wildlife biologist and illustrator John Muir Laws. “The mission of River of Words’ is to promote literacy, the arts, and environmental awareness. Our goal is to help children fall in love with the earth, and you can see in the works of these young artists a deep and respectful love of the world around them,” said Hass. Michael adds, “River of Words not only recognizes the talent of some truly amazing young poets and artists, it fosters environmental awareness and creativity among children and teachers and their communities.”

THE LURE AND LORE OF ROCKS: BANDED RHYOLITE BY K RISTIN L OLMAUGH , THE R OCKHOUNDER , 02-2013 hyolite was named “streaming rock” because of its beautiful bands, bubbles and crystal-rich layers that form as lava flows onto R the surface of stone and moves forward. Rhyolite can look very different, depending on how it erupts. Its colors vary from light gray, pink, yellowish, cream, mauve, tan to medium brown, light to brick-red; mottled or banded patterns are relatively common. Because of its varied formational traits it represents change, variety, and progress. It sparks creativity in individuals who are ready to move forward and make things happen in their life. It allows us to reach out and beyond our capabilities of what we think we can achieve by helping us to break through the mental barriers. Rhyo- lite is used for meditation, progression in life, focusing on the present moment and resolving issues not yet com- plete.

During a New Mexico rock hunting trip, my sister and I drove over the mountains Photo by author to the little town of Hillsboro where we stayed at a bed and breakfast. After a fabulous breakfast, we went to the local rock shop and showed our findings to the owner, Ted. He explained that most of what we had could be considered Leaverite (as in, leave it right where you found it). He recommended that we walk through Percha Creek. For the rest of that day we fol- lowed the river, stopping to rock hunt whenever we found an opening along the road. We found some wonderful Banded Rhyolite. The Banded Rhyolite looks dusty or sandy in its natural state, making you think it will crumble when you work Source: Sands of Time, Mark Breithaupt, on it. However, appearances are deceiving – it works up to a beautiful shine. www.desertrockcreations.com (notice the scale of this piece!) Photo by author Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 12

INSURANCE R EMINDER . . .

If you have a need for “Additional Insured Party” (your landlord or show venue), please contact our treasurer, Gene Maggard. Please provide him with the names, dates, etc. so that he may arrange for the certificate for you. 316.742.3746 [email protected] .

Russ Stewart, member of the Payson Rimstones Rock Club, is the new Arizona State Director 928-474-9712, [email protected]

To have your RMFMS member club sponsored events listed April, 1919----21,21, Denver, CO here, email [email protected] . You may include other info Martin Zinn Expositions, Ramada Plaza Denver Central, 4849 about your show if you wish but will only be printed as space ws Bannock St; contact Regina Aumente 505-867-0425, mzexpos@ permits. Sho gmail.com All RMFMS clubs are also encouraged to register their event and listings on the RMFMS web site at: www.rmfms.org . Email your More April 12, 2013 Arvada, CO submissions to the Webmaster at [email protected] . North Jeffco Gem & Mineral Club Annual Silent Auction, 6842 Wadsworth Blvd; contact Pres. Barb Melby, 303-423-5876, March, 88----99 , 2013 Ada, OK [email protected] . Ada Gem, Mineral & Fossil Club Guild annual show, Pontotoc Co April, 2626----28,28, 2013 Wichita, KS Agri-Plex, Hwy 1 & 377/Hwy 99 & Richardson Loop; contact Ed Wichita Gem & Mineral Society’s annual show, “Treasures of the Vermillion, (405) 527-6431, okieed42@ windstream.net. Earth”, Cessna Activity Center, 2744 S. Geo. Washington Blvd; March, 1515----17,17, 2013 Albuquerque, NM contact Gene Maggard, 316-742-3746, gandpmaggard@ wild- Albuquerque Gem & Mineral Club annual show., NM St Fair- blue.net grounds, Entr 4 on San Pedro; contact Paul Hlava, 505-255-5478, [email protected] April 27, 2013 Durango, CO For Corners G&M Club is offering an introduction to enameling March,22March,22----2424 2013 Fort Collins, CO class, 10a-4:p,; cost is $75 with materials provided; contact Tracey Fort Collins Rockhounds annual show, McKee 4-H Bldg, Larimer Belt 370-375-2217, [email protected] Co. Fairgrounds, Loveland, CO (I-25 exit 259), http://www.fortcol linsrockhounds.org/ May 33----5,5, 2013 McPherson, KS McPherson Gem & Mineral Club 21st Annual Sale & Swap, 4-H March, 2323----24,24, 2013 Oklahoma City, OK Fairgrounds, 710 W. Woodside; mcphersongemmin- The Bead Market, OK St Fairgrounds, Expo Hall 3, 3212 Wichita [email protected] , Kim Vasper 620-241-7732 or Brett Whitenack Walk; contact rebekah Wills (903) 734-3335, rebekah@the 620-241-7600 beadmrket.net; www.thebeadmarket.net May 33----5,5, 2013 Logen, UT April, 66----7,7, 2013 Lincoln, NE Cache Rock & Gem Club Annual Show; contact Gary Warren, 435- Lincoln Gem & Mineral Club, Lancaster Co Fairgraounds, 84th & 720-1775, [email protected] Havelock; NWFMS Show, contact James Marburger, (402) 430- 6703, [email protected]. May 1717----19,19, 2013 So. Jordon (Sandy), UT April, 1212----14,14, 2013 Ogden, UT RMFMS Convention & Show hosted by the Wasatch Gem Society, “Gemstone Junction 2013”, Golden Spike Gem & Mineral Society Salt Lake County Equestrian Park & Events Center, 2100 W. 11400 Show; Weber Co. Fairgrounds; contact Cynthia Aeschlimann, (801) South; contact Kim Blanton, 801-604-1265, [email protected] 648-5060, [email protected] . April, 1313----14,14, 2013 Siloam Springs, AR Northwest Arkansas Gem & Mineral springs Show, 110 N. Mt Olive St, Siloam Springs; contact DeLane Cox delanec3@earthlinknet Rocky Mountain Federation News—March 2013 Page 13

RMFMS Officers, Executive Committee, and Committee Chairpersons 2012/2013 OFFICERS Oklahoma/Arkansas Safety Name Badges Ada, OK 74820 Virgil Richards Vacant Richard Jaeger 580.332.8666 President 26815 51st St Webmaster See Nominations [email protected] DeLane Cox Broken Arrow, OK 74014 Jennifer Biddle Parliamentarian Doris Perkins 918.640.9592 8152 Spanker Ridge Dr. See Program Library Gene Maggard 405 SE Ave G I Bentonville, AR 72712 [email protected] [email protected] See Treasurer Idabel, OK 74745 479.254.0894 S Dakota/Nebraska 580.286.3133 Webmaster Contest Permanent Address [email protected] [email protected] Sony Hemscher Brian Paterson Robert Carlson PO Box 376 Vice President 203 Saddle Mountain Rd See NM/TX State Director S Dakota Piedmont, SD 57769 Jan Baumeister Debbie Leschner Colorado Springs, CO 80919 605.431.2755 Program Competition 19702 E Hwy 18 Sp 56 HC60 Box 512 719.359.6238 [email protected] Jennifer Biddle Welton, AZ 85356 Quemado, NM 87829 [email protected] See Program Library 928.785-3238 575.773.4119 Utah Ribbons [email protected] [email protected] Tom Burchard SPECIAL COMMITTEES Kaye Thompson Utah Secretary 875 E. 4500 S. S. Ogden, UT 84403 1830 Mesita Ct. Jim Alexander Peggy Maggard 801.479.4286 Boundaries Colo. Springs, CO 80906 360 5th St 8418 SE Hwy 77 [email protected] Robert L Carson 719.636.2978 Ogden, UT 84404 Leon, KS 67064 See NM/TX State Director Wyoming Scholarship 801.399.0785 316.742.3746 Credentials [email protected] Jim McGarvey Sandy Cannedy [email protected] Vacant PO Box 116 15071 County Rd 1170 Wyoming Treasurer Kinnear, WY 82516 Directory Binger, Okla. 73009-5006 Jim McGarvey Gene Maggard 307.856.6188 Kay Waterman 405.656.9019 See WY State Director 8418 SE Hwy 77 [email protected] 1334 N. McFarland Place [email protected] Lee Whitebay, Chair Leon, KS 67064 Claremore, OK 74017 Supplies 4669 N Prentice Rd 316.742.3746 STANDING COMMITTEES 918.521.4386 Kim Blanton Ponca City, OK 74604 [email protected] [email protected] 728 E. Sand Dunes Dr. 580.765.2074 Sandy, UT 84094 [email protected] Historian Circulation AFMS Club Rockhound of Cinda Kunkler the Year Award (ACROY) 801-604-1263 Bill Cain [email protected] UNIFORM RULES 210 NE35th St Address on page 2 Bill Cain Address on page 2 Trophies COMMITTEE Topeka, KS 66617 Convention Advisory 785.286.1790 Robert L. Carlson Vacant All American Club B. Jay Bowman [email protected] Dan Alfrey See NM/TX State Director Editor/Publications 191 Bowman Rd PO Box 4164 Ponca City, OK 74601 Betty Cain PUBLIC LAND ADVISORY PAST PRESIDENTS Woodland Park, CO 80866 580.761.5966 Address on page 2 719.440.6234 [email protected] [email protected] Arizona Bill Smith Finance Roger Burkhalter Robert Haines, Chair Bill Jaeger PO. Box 311 Fluorescent Technical See Fossil Technical 104 S. Brookside St. 3441 E Astro St Hardtner, KS 67057 Pete Modreski Wichita, KS 67218 Hereford, AZ 85615 Robert Carlson 620.296.4652 3555 Mill St 520.803.6590 See NM/TX State Director 316.683.9021 Wheat Ridge, CO 0033 [email protected] [email protected] Jack Thompson Wayne Cox 303.425.9549 Stan Nowak [email protected] Harry Kilb 1830 Mesita Ct. 2805 Sage Dr 8152 Spanker Ridge Dr. 3411 Tomahawk Dr Colo. Springs, CO 80906 Enid, OK 73701 Bentonville, AR 72712 Fossil Technical Lake Havasu City, AZ 86406 719.636.2978 580.234.3126 479.254.0894 Roger Burkhalter 928.855.1630 Updated 2/26/13 [email protected] [email protected] 16560 E. Maguire Rd [email protected] Noble, OK 73068 Lapidary Tech Colorado STATE DIRECTORS Mike Snively 405.899.4260 [email protected] Tim Austin 8495 W. Starr Circle 2918 Plymouth Rd Arizona Littleton, CO 80128 Insurance Grand Junction, CO 81503 720.981.0752 Arlene Burkhalter Russ Stewart 970.263.7404 [email protected] 1267 Kingbird Lane 1300 N. Matterhorn Rd [email protected] Choctaw, OK 73020 Payson, AZ Mineralogical Tech Mike Nelson 405.732.0808 928-474-9712 Jim Hurlbut See Int’l Relations [email protected] 2240 S Adams Gene Maggard 8418 SE Hwy 77 Kansas Colorado Denver, CO 80210 303.757.0283 Leon, KS 67064 Mike Nelson Beth Simmons [email protected] 316.742.3746 See Int’l Relations 1420 S. Reed [email protected] Nebraska Lakewood, CO 80232 Nominations Leroy Meininger 303.986.9693 Judy Beck, Chair International Relations 50029 Sunflower Road [email protected] 3021 E Country Club Rd Mike Nelson 645 Popes Valley Dr Mitchell, NE 69357 Kansas Saline, KS 67401 785.823.7069 Colo. Springs, CO 80919 308.623.2661 Ofcrs & State Directors Lyle Koerper [email protected] [email protected] 719.522.1608 are elected by the Dele- 1644 Valleyview Court Richard Jaeger [email protected] N Mexico/Texas Wichita, KS 67212 gate Congress 3515 E 88th St Junior Program Yonis Lone Eagle 316.722.7115 Tulsa, OK 74137-2602 Diane C Weir PO Box 1975 [email protected] 918.481.0249 2300 S Union Ave Bloomfield, NM 87413 Executive Committee New Mexico/Texas [email protected] Roswell, NM 88203 505.860.2455 consists of Officers, Robert L. Carlson rockymountainrockhounds@ Stan Nowak 575.622.5679 1585 Los Pueblos yahoo.com State Directors, and two See Past Presidents [email protected] Los Alamos, NM 87544 immediate Past Presi- Program Library Long-Range Planning N Dakota 505.662.5534 Rodney Hickle dents Jennifer Biddle Judy Beck , Chair illegitimusnoncarbor 1631 28th Ave SW 1620 Kingsway St See Nominations [email protected] Central, ND 58530 Sapulpa, OK 74016 Richard Jaeger North Dakota 701.794.3342 Committee Chairs 918.361.1957 See Nominations Ray Oliger [email protected] Oklahoma/Arkansas are appointed by the 516 N 20th St Robert L. Carlson Public Relations See NX/TX Director Bill Lyon President. Bismarck, ND 58501 112 N. Hillcrest St 701.223.4986 Vacant [email protected]

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