THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/2351 SHARE Technology for Small Spacecraft (1994) DETAILS 156 pages | 8.5 x 11 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-05075-3 | DOI 10.17226/2351 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Panel on Small Spacecraft Technology, National Research Council FIND RELATED TITLES SUGGESTED CITATION National Research Council 1994. Technology for Small Spacecraft. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/2351. Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Technology for Small Spacecraft i Technology for Small Spacecraft Panel on Small Spacecraft Technology Committee on Advanced Space Technology Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems National Research Council National Academy Press Washington, D.C. 1994 Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Technology for Small Spacecraft ii NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose mem- bers are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the panel responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee con- sisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineer- ing programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Robert M. White is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initia- tive, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of sci- ence and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce Alberts and Dr. Robert M. White are chairman and vice-chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council. This study was supported by Contract NASW-4003 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 94–67334 International Standard Book Number 0-309-05075-8 Available in limited supply from: The Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418 Additional copies available for sale from: National Academy Press 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Box 285 Washington, D.C. 20055 1-800-624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 Copyright 1994 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Technology for Small Spacecraft iii PANEL ON SMALL SPACECRAFT TECHNOLOGY Laurence J. Adams, Martin Marietta (Ret.), Consultant, Potomac, MD, Chair Steven Aftergood, Senior Research Analyst, Federation of American Scientists, Washington, DC Jay E. Boudreau, President, Ballena Systems Corporation, Los Alamos, NM Bernard Budiansky, Gordon McKay Professor of Structural Mechanics and Abbot and James Lawrence Professor of Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Robert S. Cooper, President and Chief Executive Officer, Atlantic Aerospace Electronics Corporation, Greenbelt, MD Fred E. Culick, Professor, Mechanical Engineering and Jet Propulsion, California Institute of Technology, Altadena, CA Wolfgang H. Demisch, Managing Director, Bankers Trust, New York, NY Emanuel J. Fthenakis, Fairchild Industries (Ret.), Potomac, MD Clark W. Hawk, Director, Propulsion Research Center, Professor, Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama, Huntsville, Huntsville, AL John M. Hedgepeth, President, Digisim Corporation, Santa Barbara, CA Mary V. Jones, Director, Engineering Support, Atlantic Research Corporation, Gainesville, VA Frank E. Marble, Richard L. Hayman and Dorothy M. Hayman Professor of Mechanical Engineering, and Professor of Jet Propulsion, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA Franklin D. Martin, Director, Scientific Space Programs, NASA Space Flight Programs, Space Systems Division, Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA (Term ended 2/28/94) John H. McElroy, Dean of Engineering, University of Texas, Arlington, Arlington, TX Duane T. McRuer, Chair, Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board, Chairman, Systems Technology, Inc., Hawthorne, CA Norman F. Parker, Varian Associates (Ret.), Cardiff by the Sea, CA Robert O. Ritchie, Director, Center for Advanced Materials, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA William C. Schneider, Consultant, Silver Spring, MD Alfred Schock, Director, Energy System Dept., Fairchild Space and Defense Corporation, Germantown, MD Richard R. Weiss, Sr. Staff Specialist, Office of the Undersecretary of Defense (Acquisitions), Arlington, VA John B. West, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA William L. Whittaker, Director & Senior Research Scientist, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Advisor Wiley J. Larson, Associate Professor, U. S. Air Force Academy, Department of Astronautics, Colorado Springs, CO Staff JoAnn Clayton, Director Allison C. Sandlin, Study Director William E. Campbell, Senior Project Assistant Maryann Shanesy, Project Assistant Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Technology for Small Spacecraft iv COMMITTEE ON ADVANCED SPACE TECHNOLOGY Laurence J. Adams, Martin Marietta (Ret.), Consultant, Potomac, MD, Chair Jay E. Boudreau, President, Ballena Systems Corporation, Los Alamos, NM Bernard Budiansky, Gordon McKay Professor of Structural Mechanics and Abbot and James Lawrence Professor of Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Robert S. Cooper, President and Chief Executive Officer, Atlantic Aerospace Electronics Corporation, Greenbelt, MD Fred E. Culick, Professor, Mechanical Engineering and Jet Propulsion, California Institute of Technology, Altadena, CA Emanuel J. Fthenakis, Fairchild Industries (Ret.), Potomac, MD Clark W. Hawk, Director, Propulsion Research Center, Professor, Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama, Huntsville, Huntsville, AL Mary V. Jones, Director, Engineering Support, Atlantic Research Corporation, Gainesville, VA Franklin D. Martin, Director, Scientific Space Programs, NASA Space Flight Programs, Space Systems Division, Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA John H. McElroy, Dean of Engineering, University of Texas, Arlington, Arlington, TX Norman F. Parker, Varian Associates (Ret.), Cardiff by the Sea, CA Robert O. Ritchie, Director, Center for Advanced Materials, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA William C. Schneider, Consultant, Silver Spring, MD Richard R. Weiss, Sr. Staff Specialist, Office of the Undersecretary of Defense (Acquisitions), Arlington, VA John B. West, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA William L. Whittaker, Director & Senior Research