Sadiria Yingjiangensis (Myrsinoideae, Primulaceae), a New Species Reported from West Yunnan, China

https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.392.1.12

Sadiria yingjiangensis (Myrsinoideae, Primulaceae), a new species reported from West Yunnan, China

ZE-HUAN WANG1, LI-YAN WANG2, RONG-JIA LI3 & HUA PENG4, * 1Department of Medicinal Plants and Cultivation, College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China 2Tongbiguan Management Station, Tongbiguan Nature Reserve, Yingjiang 679300, Yunnan, China 3Technology Integrated Service Center, Mengyang, Lianghe 679200, Yunnan, China 4Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kun- ming 650201, China *Author for Correspondence: [email protected]

Sadiria yingjiangensis from West Yunnan, China, is described as a species new to science and illustrated here. It morphologically resembles S. longistyla, but differs in the number of leaves clustered on the plant apex, the shape of inflorescences and the ratio of the length of sepals to petals.

Introduction Sadiria Mez (1902: 181) can be readily distinguished from Ardisia Swartz (1788: 48) by their obviously united petals (equaling to or above the middle) and very short (equaling to or shorter than the petioles), axillary, subfasciculate cymose or subpaniculate inflorescences (Hu & Deng 2012). Up to now, eight species and two varieties have been reported in Sadiria, mainly distributed from eastern Himalaya and Khasi Hills to northern Myanmar and southwestern China (Mez 1902, Kurz 1974, Nayar & Giri 1974, Giri et al. 1992, Ståhl & Anderberg 2004, Hu & Deng 2012, Wang et al. 2018). During a field survey of west Yunnan in 2017, the authors encountered two adjacent wild Sadiria populations under the forest near to Jianbian Village, Yingjiang County. One of them has already been published as the new species S. longistyla Ze H.Wang & H.Peng in Wang et al. (2018: 295); the other one, although distributed just beside, can be immediately distinguished from the former by different characters of leaves and inflorescences. After careful comparison with all other types of Sadiria as well as study of protologues and other related taxonomic literature (Candolle 1834, Clarke 1882, Mez 1902, Dunn 1920, Nayar & Giri 1974, Chen 1977, 1979, Giri et al. 1992, Chen & Pipoly 1996, Hu & Deng 2012, Wang et al. 2018), we confirmed that it represents another new species of Sadiria, which is described and illustrated here.

Materials and Methods Morphological description of the new species was based on examination of the available materials in the field and herbarium. The comparison with morphologically similar species was based on studies of the specimens in herbarium (A, E, K, KUN, P, PE, US), as well as the protologues and descriptions in related literature (Candolle 1834, Mez 1902, Nayar & Giri 1974, Chen 1977, 1979, Chen & Pipoly 1996, Hu & Deng 2012, Wang et al. 2018).

Taxonomy Sadiria yingjiangensis Ze H.Wang & H.Peng, sp. nov. (Fig. 1) Similar to S. longistyla, but differs mainly in having only 3(–4) leaves clustered on the plant apex (vs (5–)6(–7)), inflorescences pyramid- paniculate (vs fasciculate cymose), sepals 1/3 length of the petals (vs 1/8). Type:—CHINA. Yunnan: Yingjiang County, Tongbiguan Town, Jianbian Village, Mai-yi-qing Mountain, 24.626°N, 97.620°E, elev. ca. 1610 m, 18 May 2017, Wang et al. WZH201705_002 (holotype KUN!).

Accepted by Hai He: 27 Jan. 2019; published: 12 Feb. 2019 93 FIGURE 1. Sadiria yingjiangensis. A. plants; B. three new apical leaves; C. flowering branches with inflorescences; D. pyramid-paniculate inflorescences; E. young green fruit; F. flower; G. part of sepals; H. corolla and anthers; I. pistil. Photographed by Ze H.Wang.

Shrubs 0.2–0.5 m tall. Branchlets angulate, ca. 1 mm in diam., grayish puberulent, glabrescent. Three (seldom four) leaves clustered on the plant apex, [6–]10–18 × [2–]4–6 cm, base slightly auricular; leaves on flowering branches 2–4, much smaller, 5–7 × 2–2.5 cm, base broadly cuneate. All the leaves thinly leathery, glabrous, leaf blade obovate, margin unevenly dentate to crenate-dentate, apex acuminate to approximately caudate; lateral veins 14–18 on each side of midrib, prominently sunk adaxially and raised abaxially; fine veins greatly visible, slightly sunk adaxially and prominently raised abaxially; Petiole canaliculate, 5–8 mm. Inflorescences axillary, pyramid-paniculate, ca. 2.5 × 3.5 cm, pilose, pendulous. Flowers papery, ca. 3 mm, 4 or 5-merous, narrowly opened at the end of flowering. Pedicel ca. 4–5 mm, pilose. Sepals triangular-ovate, ca. 1 mm, one-third the length of the petals, pilose, orange punctate, margin white and ciliate, apex acute. Petals united ca. 3/5 way to base; lobes broadly ovate, glabrous, sparsely yellowish to orangish punctate, base slightly auriculate, margin entire,

94 • Phytotaxa 392 (1) © 2019 Magnolia Press WANG ET AL. apex acute. Stamens half the length of petals; filaments short; anthers ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, dehiscent by longitudinal slits. Ovary ellipsoid, punctate; Style gradually elongate with flowering, to ca. 1.2 times length of the petals, spiculate, glabrous; Stigma punctiform. Fruit immature, globose, ca. 4 mm in diam., green. Distribution and Habitat:—Sadiria yingjiangensis is currently only known from Tongbiguan Town, Yingjiang County, where only one small in situ population was discovered with ca. 10 individuals in an area of ca. 2 m2. It grows in the damp area under the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in valleys at elevation of 1610 m, very close to (<2 m) one subpopulation of the recently published new species S. longistyla (Wang et al. 2018). Phenology:—Flowering from February to June, and fruiting from July to December. Etymology:—The epithet “yingjiangensis” is derived from the name “Yingjiang” of the county where the species occurs. Notes:—Sadiria longistyla is a new species also reported from Yingjiang County, Tongbiguan Town, where three small subpopulations distributed in an area of ca. 700 m2. It grows in the damp area under the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in valleys at elevation range of 1350–1630 m (Wang et al. 2018). This species usually has six leaves clustered on the plant apex, fasciculate cymose inflorescences and sepals only 1/8 length of petals. S. yingjiangensis, although growing in the same habitat and distributing just beside one subpopulation of S. longistyla, can be easily distinguished from the latter by usually having only three leaves clustered on the plant apex, pyramid-paniculate inflorescences and sepals 1/3 length of petals (Table 1).

FIGURE 2. Comparison between Sadiria yingjiangensis and S. longistyla. A. S. yingjiangensis: A1. holotype, KUN!; B. S. longistyla: B1. holotype, KUN1342914!. Shown below are their inflorescences (A2 & B2), sepals (A3 & B3), corollas and anthers (A4 (the 4-merous flower) and B4).

A NEW SPECIES OF SADIRIA YINGJIANGENSIS Phytotaxa 392 (1) © 2019 Magnolia Press • 95 TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Sadiria yingjiangensis and S. longistyla Characters S. yingjiangensis S. longistyla The number of leaves clustered on the 3(–4) (5–)6(–7) plant apex Inflorescences pyramid-paniculate fasciculate cymose The basic number of flowers 4- or 5-merous 5-merous Sepals ca. 1 mm long, 1/3 length of the petals 0.5 mm long, 1/8 length of the petals Styles ca. 1.2 times length of the petals at the twice length of the petals at the end of end of flowering flowering

Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the editor and one anonymous reviewer for comments and suggestions. We thank Dr. Shuai Liao of East China Normal University and Dr. Fei Zhao of Kunming Institute of Botany and the staff of the Library of both Kunming Institute of Botany and South China Botanical Garden for their help in documentary transferring, and to the staff of the following herbarium A, E, K, KUN, P, PE & US for providing online photos or specimens for our study. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31500168) and the Education Department of Guizhou Province (KY[2017]018).

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