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Daf Ditty Eruvin 28- Yanuka

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Daf Ditty Eruvin 28- Yanuka Daf Ditty Eruvin 28 'Our little babe,' each said, 'shall be Like unto thee' - 'Like unto thee!' 'Her mother's' - 'Nay, his father's' - 'eyes,' 'Dear curls like thine' - but each replies, 'As thine, all thine, and nought of me.' What sweet solemnity to see The little life upon thy knee, And whisper as so soft it lies, - 'Our little babe!' For, whether it be he or she, A David or a Dorothy, 'As mother fair,' or 'father wise,' Both when it's 'good,' and when it cries, One thing is certain, - it will be Our little babe. Richard Le Gallienne 1 2 The Gemara relates that when Rabbi Zeira was exhausted from his studies, he would go and sit at the entrance to the academy of Rav Yehuda bar Ami, and say: When the Sages go in and out, I shall stand up before them and receive reward for honoring them, as it is a mitzva to honor Torah scholars. Too tired to engage in actual Torah study, he sought a way to rest while fulfilling a different mitzva at the same time. 3 Once, a young school child was leaving the study hall. Rabbi Zeira said to him: What did your teacher teach you today? He said to him: The proper blessing for dodder is: Who creates the fruit of the ground; the proper blessing for green grain is: By Whose word all things came to be. Rabbi Zeira said to him: On the contrary, the opposite is more reasonable, as this, the green grain, derives nourishment from the ground, whereas that, the dodder, derives nourishment from the air, and it is fitting to recite a blessing over each item in accordance with its source of nourishment. The Gemara concludes: The halakha is in accordance with the young school child. What is the reason for this? 4 This, the dodder, is fully ripened produce, and that, green grain, is not fully ripened produce. If produce is not fully ripened one can only recite the blessing: By Whose word all things came to be. And that which you said: This, the green grain, derives nourishment from the ground, whereas that, the dodder, derives nourishment from the air, this is not so. Dodder also derives nourishment from the ground, for we see that when the prickly shrub is cut off, the dodder attached to it dies. This shows that dodder also derives its nourishment from the ground, albeit indirectly. Halacha Orach Chayim 204:1 Steinzaltz (OBM) writes:1 The requirement to have a meal jointly owned by the residents of the courtyard who need to create a group eiruv leads the Gemara to bring the opinions of sages who discuss what is considered food that will live up to this condition. Rabbi Yehuda said in the name of R' Shmuel bar Sheilat, who said in the name of Rav: One may establish an eiruv with cheap and unimportant produce such as cress, purslane, and sweet clover, but one may not establish an eiruv with green grain or with unripe dates. 5 Ĥalaglogot appear to be Portulaca oleracea, or common purslane, an annual plant that grows close to the ground and spreads out on fields. It grows mainly during the summer months in Israel and nearby countries. It is gathered for food and can be eaten fresh or pickled – sometimes it is even grown specifically for that purpose. According to most of the early commentators, gudgedaniyyot can be identified as one of the melilotus, or sweet clover plants. 6 P. oleracea is one of very few plants able to utilize both CAM and C4 photosynthesis pathways, for a long time believed to be incompatible with each other despite biochemical similarities.2 P. oleracea will switch from C4 to CAM pathways during times of drought and there is transcription regulation and physiological evidence for C4-CAM hybrid photosynthesis during mild drought.3 2 http://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2017/vol6issue9/PartB/6-8-66-259.pdf 3 Ferrari, Renata C.; Bittencourt, Priscila P.; Rodrigues, Maria A.; Moreno‐Villena, Jose J.; Alves, Frederico R. R.; Gastaldi, Vinícius D.; Boxall, Susanna F.; Dever, Louisa V.; Demarco, Diego; Andrade, Sónia C.S.; Edwards, Erika J.; Hartwell, James; Freschi, Luciano (2019). "C 4 and crassulacean acid metabolism within a single leaf: Deciphering key components behind a rare photosynthetic adaptation". New Phytologist. 7 These wild plants grow tall and have pods that contain one or two seeds. Generally speaking, they are used to feed animals, but they are certainly fit for human consumption. In the past it was also used for medicinal purposes; the Gemara suggests that it was known as a prophylactic. Ĥaziz (green grain) is a general term for the green parts of various types of grain that are mainly used as animal fodder. Kafniyot are wild dates that do not ripen properly. Another plant that cannot be used for the eiruv is a kor. The kor (heart of palm) refers to the top of the stem of the palm. Although it is not fruit, as it is part of the tree itself, it is edible – the inner section of the trunk top is white and tasty and is considered something of a delicacy. In the time of the Talmud heart of palm was eaten both boiled and fried. Since removing the kor from the palm tree had the effect of preventing future growth and development of the tree, it was only cut off from a date palm that they decided to cut down. 8 Rav Ĥilkiya bar Toviya said: One may establish an eiruv with glasswort. The Gemara expresses astonishment: Does it enter your mind that one may establish an eiruv with glasswort? People do not eat glasswort. Rather, one may establish an eiruv with the herb from whose ashes glasswort is prepared, as it is fit for human consumption before it is burnt. The kalya is identified as the Salicornia europaea or Common Glasswort which has pods but no leaves. It grows wild to a height of 10 – 14 centimeters in swampy areas. The ashes of this plant contain a high concentration of potassium, which was used to produce soap and clothing detergent. As an edible plant, it was, however, also used for food. Salicornia europaea is edible, either cooked or raw. In the UK, it is one of several plants known as samphire (see also rock samphire); the term samphire is believed to be a corruption of the French name, herbe de Saint-Pierre, which means "St. Peter's herb" 9 Rav Mordechai Kornfeld writes:4 Our Daf states that when one plants Shechalayim and Gargir seeds in order to use the greens (Yerek) of those plants, he must separate Ma'aser from both "the greens and the seeds" that grow. If he plants them in order to use the seeds that they produce, he must separate Ma'aser from both "the seeds and the greens" that grow. Why does the Gemara differentiate between Shechalayim and Gargir that are planted for their greens and ones that are planted for their seeds, if there is no difference in Halachah? In both cases, one must separate Ma'aser from both the greens and the seeds. 4 https://www.dafyomi.co.il/eruvin/insites/ev-dt-028.htm 10 Tosafos תופסות ה"ד ערזל ירשעתמ ן ערז ו קרי ר ןישת רלהדתפו Tosfos explains why they were taught as separate clauses. היתמ יאמא אל בריע נתו י והל ןערז ערזל וא קריל ירשעתמ ן ערז ו קריועז רעמקי ו רל עז ה ינובי ל אאהת Question: Why didn't he teach both together - if he seeded them for the seeds or for Yerek, he tithes the seeds and Yerek! ו רואמ 'ר ' י אכיהד ןערזד קריל וה י קרי רקיע רשעתמו לכה רחא הטיקל קריכ יב ן קרי יב ן ערז ן יב קרי ן יב קריכ הטיקל רחא לכה רשעתמו רקיע קרי י וה קריל ןערזד אכיהד י ' 'ר רואמ Answer (Ri): When he seeded them for Yerek, the Yerek is primary, and everything, i.e. the seeds and Yerek, is tithed based on when it is picked, like Yerek; ו םא ערז ערזל רשעתמ לכה רבעשל רחא ןמז וארה י רשעמל ערז אלו רתב הטיקל רתב אלו ערז רשעמל י וארה ןמז רחא רבעשל לכה רשעתמ ערזל ערז םא 1. If he seeded them for seeds, everything is tithed retroactively, based on the time proper for Ma'aser or seeds, and not based on when it was picked, like Yerek; יכלוה אנת אשירב קרי ערזו אפיסבו ערז קריו אשירבד קערי רקי אפיסבו ערז רקיע ערז אפיסבו רקי קערי אשירבד קריו ערז אפיסבו ערזו קרי אשירב אנת יכלוה 2. This is why it taught in the Reisha Yerek and seeds, and in the Seifa seeds and Yerek, for in the Reisha the Yerek is primary, and in the Seifa the seeds are primary. אנוקפ הנימ ימנ ןיינעל ןמ הערה לע הפיה קריכשד רקיע יוה קרי הפי ערזכשו רקיע יוה ערז הפי יוהו ןמ ערזה ערזה ןמ יוהו הפי ערז יוה רקיע ערזכשו הפי קרי יוה רקיע קריכשד הפיה לע הערה ןמ ןיינעל ימנ הנימ אנוקפ לע יה קר ןמ הפיה לע הערה לע הפיה ןמ Another consequence is regarding tithing from the bad on the good. When the Yerek is primary, the Yerek is considered good. When the seeds are primary, the seeds are considered good, and [tithing] seeds on Yerek is from the good on the bad. כון עמשמ ימלשוריב קרפב ]יעיבר[ :תורשעמד ]יעיבר[ קרפב ימלשוריב עמשמ כון Support: The Yerushalmi in Ma'aseros connotes like this. TOSFOS (DH l'Zera) explains that there is a difference between Shechalayim and Gargir planted for their seeds and Shechalayim and Gargir planted for their greens.
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