DIS Architecture + Design CPH Spring 2017

Nordic Embassy ARCHITECTURE + DESIGN Short Tour

SCANDINAVIA as your home, Europe as your classroom FY1 DIS Architecture + Design CPH Spring 2017

TOUR MAP

COPENHAGEN

BERLIN

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

04 Participants 40 Emergency Procedures 05 Study Tour Objectives 41 Participant Gallery

07 WEDNESDAY FEBUARY 08 08 Wednesday Map 09 Memorial 10 Berlin Philharmonie

11 THURSDAY FEBRUARY 09 12 Thursday Map 13 Nordic Embassies Complex 14 Nordic Embassies: Danish Embassy 15 Bauhaus Archive 16 Neue Wache 17 18

19 FRIDAY FEBRUARY 10 20 Friday Map 21 Jewish Museum 22 Reichstag 23 The Feuerle Collection 24

25 Berlin: Neighborhoods 27 Berlin Optional Sites 31 Berlin: Atmospheres of a Metropolis 32 East/West Berlin Map 33 Berlin History

36 Federal Republic of Germany Info 37 German Translation Guide 38 DIS Code of Conduct 39 Traveling on DIS Study Tours

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PARTICIPANTS

Bo Christiansen AD Faculty +45 21 68 54 39

Robert Davis AD Program Assistant +45 20 15 83 79

Name University Program Ahmad Abdalla CalPoly Pomona AD Allison Lee CalPoly SLO AD Amy Rutty CalPoly SLO AD Anna Brodersen U of Kansas UD Blake Stavros CalPoly Pomona AD Chloe Shaheen CalPoly SLO AD Emre Keskintepe CalPoly SLO AD Hannah Mackay CalPoly SLO AD Jeffrey Baucom CalPoly SLO AD Joseph Stearns CalPoly SLO AD Katherina Pishchik CalPoly Pomona AD Kevin Hersusky CalPoly SLO AD Laura Dion CalPoly SLO AD Madonna Sole CalPoly Pomona AD Mary Agrusti Bucknell University PGD Natalie Strait CalPoly SLO AD Neslie Cavero CalPoly SLO AD Oliva Tubio Middlebury College PIA Phillip Harris CalPoly SLO AD Rodrigo Robles-Gonzalez CalPoly SLO AD Shea Menzel CalPoly SLO AD Tyler Heitkamp CalPoly SLO AD Tyler Thein CalPoly Pomona AD Yan Yang CalPoly Pomona AD

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STUDY TOUR OBJECTIVES

As a full-year architecture and design student at DIS the fall semester Western Denmark Short Study Tour is supplemented in the spring by a short study tour to Berlin.

The aim of all of the study tours is to explore the architecture and design cultures of the places – countries, regions, cities – we go to. We take an interest in understanding where they come from and how they have developed. We take an interest in the relation between history and the present, between landscapes and cities, and how these may relate to the architecture and design culture of a given place – by which we mean the somewhat coordinated system of knowledge, rules, procedures, and habits that surround the design process in a given place and time.

The primary aim of the Berlin tour is to add on to this general ambition by exposing students to a metropolis on a European scale. Berlin is a city with a long, deep and at times troubled history that has left the city as a permanent building site. New architecture and design and historical sites and remains sit side by side.

We want to explore this and in particular focus on:

The Culture: • Getting an insight into a substantial European culture – both its present and its historic elements

The City: • Exploring the many traces of historical planning ideals Berlin continues to be structured by

The Design: • Visiting both contemporary and historic sites and buildings – both by German and by international architects and designer. Berlin has always attracted both artists and entrepreneurs and continues today to be at heart of the German culture. The study tour to Berlin adds a big city experience to student’s exploration of the architecture and design cultures of Northern Europe. 5 DIS Architecture + Design CPH Spring 2017

WEDNESDAY FEBRUARY 08

08:55 Meet at Copenhagen Airport, 16:30 Depart for dinner via Terminal 2, by the 7/11 shop U-Bahn (U8-U2) Check-in with tour leaders before checking-in independently using your 17:00 Group Dinner: passports. Once you have checked- Chipps in, proceed through security to the Jägerstraße 35 gate. 10117 Berlin Germany PNR CODE: YRTDAY Tlf. +49 30 36444588

REMEMBER YOUR PASSPORT! Nearest U-Bahn: (U2) Hausvogteiplatz 10:55 Depart from Copenhagen on flight AB8033 19:00 Depart from dinner for evening event 11:55 Arrive at Berlin Tegel Airport 20:00 Group Evening Event: 12:30 Depart for hostel Berliner Philharmoniker Herbert-von-Karajan- 13:00 Arrive & drop bags/check in: Str.1 Generator Hostel Berlin Mitte 10785 Berlin Oranienburger Straße 65, Tel: +49 30 254 88-0 Berlin, Germany, 10117 Closest U/S-Bahn: Closest U-Bahn: Oranienburger Tor (U2 / S1 / S2)

13:00 Lunch on own: Area around hostel

14:30 Depart for Berlin Wall Memorial on foot

15:00 Site visit: Berlin Wall Memorial Gedenkstätte Berliner Mauer Bernauer Straße 111 13355 Berlin Tel: +49 (0)30 467 98 66 66

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WEDNESDAY MAP

BERLIN WALL MEMORIAL

HOSTEL

GROUP DINNER

BERLIN PHILHARMONIE

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BERLIN WALL MEMORIAL Bernauer Str. 111, 13355 Architect,: Kohlhoff & Kohlhoff

On the border strip that had been located in East Berlin, an open-air exhibition uses the situation on Bernauer Strasse to explain the history of division. The memorial consists of the Monument in Memory of the Divided City and the Victims of Communist Tyranny as well as the Window of Remembrance. The grounds also include the Chapel of Reconciliation and the excavated foundations of a former apartment building whose façade functioned as the border wall until the early eighties.

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BERLIN PHILHARMONIE Str. 1 Architect, Interior: Hans Scharoun (1960-1963)

For the , the built form establishes a balance and harmony with the music contained within. In the main auditorium, the stage is located at the center of the hall with the seating arranged around the stage through a series of offset terraces that were positioned for optimal acoustic performance. In section, the auditorium appears as a concave fish bowl that projects the music in every direction.

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THURSDAY FEBRUARY 09 REMEMBER YOUR PASSPORT!

08:00 Breakfast at hostel 13:30 Depart for group visits by public transport 09:15 Meet in hostel lobby to depart by public transportation 14:00 Neue Wache Memorial to WWII Victims 10:00 Group visit: Unter den Linden Nordic Embassies Kongelig Dansk Ambassade Continue walk to Neues Rauchstrasse 1 Museum 10787 Berlin Tel: +49 (30) 5050 2201 15:00 Group visit: Neues Museum Closest U-Bahn: Nollendorfplatz (U2) (Architect Chipperfield) Bodestraße 1-3 11:00 Group lunch: 10785 Berlin Felleshus Embassy Canteen Germany DIS to provide cash Tel: +49 30 266424242

12:00 Depart for Bauhaus Achieve on foot . 16:30 Afternoon + evening on own for optional sites 12:30 Group Visit: Bauhaus Archive / Museum of Design in Berlin Klingelhöferstraße 14 Berlin

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THURSDAY MAP

HOSTEL

NEUES MUSEUM

NEUE WACHE

NORDIC EMBASSIES

BAUHAUS ARCHIVE

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NORDIC EMBASSIES COMPLEX Rauchstrasse 1 Architect: Berger and Parkkinen 1999

The building comprises 6 individual buildings enveloped by a green, copper clad, snaking wall. Of the six buildings, five are the embassies of Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Finland, arranged geographically. The remaining building is a communal building called Felleshuset, which includes the entrance to the complex, an auditorium, and a canteen.

Through a process of cutting the block, six volumes were isolated. The copper band ties the building mass together in an autonomous complex and refers to the Scandinavian landscape while establishing a dialogue with the Park.

4 3 2

5

1

1 Denmark 3XN 2 Iceland PK Hönun 3 Norway Snøhetta 4 Sweden Wingårdh Arkitektkontor 5 Finland Viiva Arkkitehtuuri Oy 6 Felleshuset Berger and Parkkinen

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NORDIC EMBASSIES, DANISH EMBASSY Rauchstrasse 1 Architect: 3XN, 1999

A glass-roofed atrium forms the heart of the embassy building. It is flanked by two different building wings, one of which is an organically formed structure, running parallel to the wave-like copper band. Thus, the wave form is also apparent in the atrium of the embassy. Elegant curved wooden lamellas add to the warm character of the organic form.

The second building wing opposite is an angular prism. A stairway runs up in a straight line along its long side. Several bridges cross the relatively narrow atrium, thus connecting the two parts of the building. A concrete rectangular unit extends up under the glass roof; it contains elevators and common rooms of the different departments. The tall, slender form of the concrete rectangle structure underscores the height of the atrium. Toward the common plaza of the Nordic Embassies, the building is almost completely covered with perforated stainless steel panels. These provide protection from the sun and appear amazingly transparent. They give the embassy a harmonious, unified appearance.

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BAUHAUS ARCHIVE Klingenhöferstr 14 Architect: Walter Gropius (1971-79)

The archive is concerned with the research and presentation of the history and impact of the Bauhaus (1919-33). It is the most complete existing collection focused on the school. In December 1979, the collection, open to public view for the first time, was positively reviewed by the press. Max Bill, however, spoke of it as a “screwed- up old man’s design”. Today, the growing numbers of visitors evince a more favorable opinion: the distinctive silhouette of the building has become a characteristic city sight, whereas the unpretentious inside of the museum gains praise.

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NEUE WACHE Unter den Linden 4 Architect: Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1816), Heinrich Tessenow (1931)

Neue Wache (New Guard Hause) was originally built for the troops of the Crown Prince of Prussia. In 1931 Tessenow redesigned the building as a memorial for the German war dead. It was again rededicated in 1993, as the “Central Memorial of the Federal Republic of Germany for the Victims of War and Tyranny.” An enlarged version of Käthe Kollwitz’s sculpture Mother with her Dead Son is placed directly under the oculus, and so is exposed to the rain, snow and cold of the Berlin climate, symbolising the suffering of civilians during World War II.

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UNTER DEN LINDEN Unter den Linden Urban: John George of Brandenburg (1647)

Unter den Linden runs east–west from the site of the former Stadtschloss royal palace at the park, where the demolished Palast der Republik used to be, to and . Pariser Platz is at the west end of the avenue, the ceremonial axis of the city, down which the victorious troops of all regimes from the Hohenzollerns to the German Democratic Republic have marched in triumph.

Sketch focus: Section in street

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NEUES MUSEUM Bodestraße 3 Architect: Friedrich August Stüler (1843-1855), David Chipperfield (2009) Landscape: Levin Monsigny Landschaftsarchitekten Exhibition: AMDL Michele De Lucchi

The design focuses on repairing and restoring the original volume, respecting the historical structure. Both the restoration and repair of the existing is driven by the idea that the original structure should be emphasized in its spatial context and original materiality – the new reflects the lost without imitating it. Formed from the same concrete elements, the new main staircase repeats the original without replicating it, and sits within a majestic hall that is preserved only as a brick volume, devoid of its original ornamentation.

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FRIDAY FEBRUARY 10 REMEMBER YOUR PASSPORT!

07:45 Breakfast at hostel 18:30 Meet at hostel to pick up 09:00 Meet in hostel lobby to depart hostel luggage Have your passports for site visits! 18:45 Depart for Berlin 10:00 Site visit: Schönefeld Airport Jewish Museum by charter bus Lindenstrasse 9-14 Berlin 10969 19:45 Arrive at airport

11:30 Depart for the Visitor Service Center Check in using the reservation code below. Pavilion at the Parliament via Once you have checked-in, proceed through U-bahn security to the gate.

11:45 Site visit: PNR CODE: X7SDEB Reichstag / German Parliament Platz der Republik 1 21:40 Depart on flight DY3305 11011 Berlin, Germany 22:40 Arrive in Copenhagen 12:30 Group lunch: Käfer Berlin GmbH Deutschen Bundestag - Reichstag Platz der Republik 11011 Berlin Germany

14:30 - 19:00 Time on own for optional sites

15:00 Guided Tour (Group 1): The Feuerle Collection Hallesches Ufer 70 10963 Berlin Tel: +49 30 25792320

16:00 Guided Tour (Group 2): The Feuerle Collection Hallesches Ufer 70 10963 Berlin Tel: +49 30 25792320

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FRIDAY MAP

REICHSTAG

JEWISH THE FEUERLE MUSEUM COLLECTION

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JEWISH MUSEUM Albert-Einstein-Straße, 14473 , Germany Architect: Daniel Libeskind (2001)

The Jewish Museum implements a radical, formal design as a conceptually expressive tool to represent the Jewish lifestyle before, during, and after the Holocaust. Libeskind wanted to express feelings of absence, emptiness, and invisibility expressions of disappearance of the Jewish culture. Using architecture as a means of narrative and emotion provides visitors with an experience of the effects of the Holocaust on both the Jewish culture and the city of Berlin.

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REICHSTAG Platz der Republik 1 Architect: Paul Wallot (1884-94),Sir Norman Foster & Partners (1994-99)

Foster originally didn’t want a dome at all, but his original design of a parasol-esque building was rejected, partly due to the unrealistic costs. A mirrored cone in the center of the dome directs sunlight into the building, and allows visitors to see the working of the chamber. The Dome symbolizes that the people are above the government, as was not the case during national socialism, and the design of the dome symbolizes Berlin’s attempt to move away from a past of Nazism towards a future with an emphasis on a united, democratic Germany.

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THE FEUERLE COLLECTION Berlin, Germany Architect: John Pawson (2016)

Located in a former telecommunications bunker which was renovated by the British architect John Pawson, The Feuerle Collection juxtaposes international contemporary artists such as Cristina Iglesias, Anish Kapoor and Zeng Fenzhi, among others with Imperial Chinese furniture and Southeast Asian art. The museum encourages a conversation between different time periods and cultures, offering an alternative perception of the antique, which creates a new perspective on the artworks and leads viewers through a synesthetic experience.

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ALEXANDERPLATZ 10178 Berlin 1805

Originally a cattle market outside the city fortifications, it was named in honor of a visit of the Russian Emperor Alexander I to Berlin on 25 October 1805 by order of King Frederick William III of Prussia. Since German reunification Alexanderplatz has undergone a gradual process of change with many of the surrounding buildings being renovated. Despite the reconstruction of the tram line crossing, it has retained its socialist character, including the much- graffitied “Fountain of Friendship between Peoples” (Brunnen der Völkerfreundschaft), a popular venue.

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BERLIN NEIGHBORHOODS: MITTE

MITTE - Called Berlin-Mitte, Stadtmitte (City Center), or just plain Mitte (Center), this is the central section of former East Berlin. Before the war and the division of the city, this area was, in fact, the center of Berlin and it has regained its former pre-eminence to such an extent that many visitors never visit the western side of the city. The oldest and most historic part of Berlin, Mitte has numerous cultural attractions and ever-expanding restaurant, club and arts scenes. If you really want to be where the action is, stay in Mitte.

Mitte symbolically begins at Potsdamer Platz and the Brandenburg Gate, on the east side of Tiergarten park (the Reichstag is here, too). The grand boulevard called Unter den Linden, which starts at the Brandenburg Gate and extends east, is lined with 18th- and 19th-century palaces and monuments. (A new U-Bahn/subway line is being built on Unter den Linden, so expect construction for the next few years.) The Staatsoper Unter den Linden is the main opera house in eastern Berlin, and the Komische Oper, Berlin’s third opera house, is also located here. The elegantly proportioned, neoclassical square called , just off Unter den Linden, is home to the restored early-19th-century Konzerthaus am Gendarmenmarkt. Magnificent Museumsinsel (), site of five major museums, anchors the eastern end of Unter den Linden and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. At the eastern terminus of Unter den Linden stands the grandiose Berliner Dom (); across from it, on the site of the demolished GDR Palast der Republik, the city is now rebuilding the Prussian City Palace.

PRENZLAUER BERG

MITTE TIERGARTEN

KREUZBERG

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BERLIN NEIGHBORHOODS: TIERGARTEN, , , FRIEDRICHSHAIN

TIERGARTEN - The area known as Tiergarten includes Berlin’s massive Tiergarten park and a business- residential district of the same name that is located near Bahnhof Zoo. Tiergarten park, originally intended as a backdrop to the grand avenues laid out by the German kaisers, stretches east and ends at the cultural center known as the , home of the Philharmonie (Philharmonic Hall), the famed Gemäldegalerie (Painting Gallery), the Neue Nationalgalerie (New National Gallery), and other museums. The park contains the Berlin Zoo in its southwest corner, and the landmark Siegessäule (Victory Column). Tiergarten’s eastern border ends at the Brandenburg Gate and the Reichstag (Parliament) building. This is one of the best areas in western Berlin for hotels and restaurants.

KREUZBERG - For a long time the Kreuzberg neighborhood was the poorest and most crowded of western Berlin’s districts. Today, about 35 percent of its population is composed of Gastarbeiter (guest workers) from Turkey, Greece, and the former Yugoslavia, many of whom have now lived in Kreuzberg for 40 years or more. Starting in the 1960s and 1970s, the district became home to the city’s artistic countercultural scene. Although gentrification has changed Kreuzberg’s character, the neighborhood remains funky around the edges, with lots of bars and clubs. Kreuzberg is where you find the new Jüdisches (Jewish) Museum and the Mauermuseum Haus am , dedicated to the history of divided Berlin.

PRENZLAUER BERG and FRIEDRICHSHAIN - Prenzlauer Berg, northeast of Mitte, is now the hippest neighborhood in eastern Berlin, and a favored spot for young Berliners to live, with a burgeoning cafe and club scene. Friedrichshain, to the southwest of Prenzlauer Berg, is another old and formerly decrepit eastern Berlin neighborhood that is rapidly gentrifying and attracting young Berliners.

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BERLIN OPTIONAL SITES

The Memorial to the Murdered Admission: Free Jews of Europe Hours: Always open Cora-Berliner-Straße 1

The controversial memorial designed by architect Peter Eisenman and engineer Buro Happold from 2003-05. The memorial consists of 2,711 concrete slabs arranged in a grid pattern on a slopping field. An adjacent underground museum lists the names of all known Jewish Holocaust victims.

Topography of Terror Hours: 10:00 - 20:00 Niederkirchnerstraße 8 Admission: Free (Outdoor / Indoor)

Between 1933 and 1945, the central institutions of Nazi persecution and terror were located on the grounds of the present-day ‘Topogra- phy of Terror’, where nowadays various tours of this site provide the unique opportunity for a differentiated examination of Nazi policies of terror and their consequences up to the present.

Jewish Museum Hours: 10:00 - 20:00 Lindenstraße 9-14 Admission: €3 (students)

Designed by architect Daniel Libeskind in 2001, the is one of the largest Jewish Museums in Europe. Two millennia of German-Jewish history are on display in the permanent exhibition as well as in various changing exhibitions.

Mauermuseum / Checkpoint Charlie Hours: 09:00 - 22:00 Friedrichstraße 43-45 Admission: €9.50 (students)

The Museum at Checkpoint Charlie provides an in-depth look at Germans who tried (some succeeded, some failed) to escape from the DDR. On display are the photos and the escape apparatuses of those escaping East Germany: hot-air balloons, getaway cars, chairlifts, and a mini-U-Boat.

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BERLIN OPTIONAL SITES Die Hackeschen Höfe Hours: Always open Rosenthaler Straße 40 Admission: Free (Courtyard)

The Hackesche Höfe is a notable courtyard complex situated adjacent to the in the centre of Berlin. The complex consists of eight interconnected courtyards designed in the Jugendstil (or Art Nouveau) style by architect August Endel.

Pro QM Hours: 11-20 (Sat) Almstadtstraße 48-50 Closed Sunday Admission: Free

Stowed away on a side street by Rosa-Luxemburg Platz, Pro QM is a bookstore run by book-lovers for book-lovers. It’s been long regarded as the city’s most fantastic collection of titles, including a top-notch selection of art, architecture and design books, which are the store’s primary focus.

Aedes Pfefferberg Hours: 11 - 18:30 Christinenstraße 18 Admission: Free Tu - Friday

The Architecture Forum Aedes has become one of the most suc- cessful institutions for communicating architectural culture and urban design internationally. Current exhibitions: One Room for Five Austrian Architecture.

Museum for Architectural Drawings Hours: 14-19:00 of the Tchoban Foundation Admission: €3-5 Christinenstraße 18a

Desiged by the firm SPEECH in 2013, the museum showcases three to four exhibitions each year from the Tchoban Foundation collection and works on loan. The foundation’s aim is to promote architectural drawing by hand and to make Tchoban’s collection accessible to study. Currant Exhibition: Drawings British Neo-Classicism

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BERLIN OPTIONAL SITES

The Berlin Wall Memorial Hours:10 - 18:00 Bernauer Straße 111 Admission: Free Open Air Museum

The Berlin Wall Memorial is the central memorial site of German division in Berlin. Situated at the historic site on Bernauer Strasse, it extends along 1.4 kilometers of the former border strip. The memorial contains the last piece of Berlin Wall with the preserved grounds behind it.

Eastside Gallery Hours: Always open Mühlenstraße Admission: Free

With the , a segment of the Berlin Wall has been turned into the longest open air gallery in the world. At 1316 meters long it is also the longest segment of the Berlin Wall that is still standing. You can find 118 artists commenting on the politi- cal events that took place in 1989 and 1990.

Hamburger Bahnhof: Museum für Gegenwart Invalidenstraße 50-51 Hours: 10:00 - 18:00 Admission: €14 Thursdays 10-20:00

Housed in one of the last late neoclassical railway stations in Berlin, the ‘Museum for the Present’ houses a modern and contemporary art collection by artists such as Beuys, Kiefer, Rauschenberg, and Warhol.

Bücherbogen Am Savignyplatz Hours: 10-20 Stadtbahnbogen 593 Closed Sunday Admission: Free

Founded in 1980 as a specialist bookshop for architecture, art, design and photography. It might take over two hours to rummage through their extensive collection of art genres, out-of-print books, and exhibition catalogues. Declared Karl Lagerfeld’s favorite bookshop.

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BERLIN OPTIONAL SITES

Gestalten Space Hours: 12 - 19:00 Sophienstraße 21 Admission: Free

Gestalten specializes in developing content for aficionados of cutting- edge visual culture worldwide. Gestalten Space has successfully established itself not only as a concept store, but also as a platform for exchanging ideas and foswtering vanguard work. It offer an engaging program of thematic book and product showcases, as well as lectures and special events by creatives from around the world.

Walther König Hours: 10 - 20:00 Burgstrasse 27 Admission: Free

The legendary business was founded in Cologne in 1969 by WALTHER KÖNIG, soon to become one of the world’s pre-eminent addresses for art-related literature and a hotbed of intellectual exchange. Around the same time, with his brother Kasper, König also started a publishing house. Today, the Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther König is home to many artists, including Gerhard Richter, Sigmar Polke and Hans Peter Feldmann.

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BERLIN: ATMOSPHERES OF A METROPOLIS

The atmosphere that creative people, high politics and big money brings to a place is evident throughout Berlin today. A walk along Friedrichstrasse in the direction of the Reichstag shows this very well. This atmosphere sits together with a very distinct ambience of art, architecture and design from many periods that continues to shape the city in many of its neighborhoods.

The particularity that is and remains Berlin has never left – there is a very distinct Berlin atmosphere, shaped by both the young population it has always attracted, and by the multicultural make up of its present population. Berlin has more than 200.000 residents that claim a Russian heritage. The more than 200.000 Turks in Berlin make it the largest Turkish settlement outside of Turkey.

There is a strong graffiti culture in Berlin shaping neighborhoods like Kreutzberg and Neukölln. Urban gardening projects such as Prinzessinengarten at Moritzplatz are evidence of the interest in alternative ways of living that has been a trademark of Berlin for decades. With the fall of the wall in 1989 new neighborhoods like Prentzlauerg Berg in the former East Berlin became the place to settle for young people and artists of all sorts.

There is hardly a better place to explore the atmosphere a multicultural metropolis can emit than Berlin. This holds true for important sites and monuments and it holds true for the more humble places and neighborhoods, where people live and work and hang out.

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BERLIN MAP WEST / EAST

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BERLIN: A HISTORY 1(3)

Berlin Architecture and Urban Design Berlin’s history has left the city with a highly eclectic array of architecture and buildings. The city’s appearance today is predominantly shaped by the key role it played in Germany’s history in the 20th century. Each of the national governments based in Berlin— the 1871 German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, East Germany, and now the reunified Germany—initiated ambitious (re- ) construction programs, with each adding its own distinctive style to the city’s architecture. Berlin was devastated by bombing raids during World War II, and many of the buildings that had remained after the war were demolished in the 1950s and 1960s in both West and East Berlin. Much of this demolition was initiated by municipal architecture programs to build new residential or business quarters and main roads.

Founding The central part of Berlin can be traced back to two towns. Cölln on the Fischerinsel is first mentioned in a 1237 document, and Berlin, across the Spree in what is now called the , is referenced in a document from 1244. The former is considered to be the founding date of the city. The two towns over time formed close economic and social ties and eventually merged in 1307 and came to be known as Berlin.

Residence of Electors and Royalty The development of the city after its founding in the mid 13th century and existence for approximately 100 years as a medieval trading center can be divided into periods defined by the ruling power of the time. Berlin was ruled by ‘Electors’, or prominent German nobles who had the prestigious right to vote for the next German emperor, from the early 15th century until 1701 when the elector Friedrich III was crowned Friedrich I, King of Prussia. Thereafter Berlin became the royal residence.

Starting in 1740, Berlin developed into a center of the Enlightenment and of constant construction under Friedrich the Great. The large representative buildings put up in this era still dominate the cityscape around Unter den Linden.

In 1770 the bridle path from the City Palace to Tiergarten that was laid out in 1647 was expanded into a magnificent avenue - Unter den Linden. Brandenburg Gate, under construction by Carl Gotthard Langhans since 1788, is officially opened in 1791. The 32 DIS Architecture + Design CPH Spring 2017

BERLIN: A HISTORY 2(3)

(Old Museum), built by Karl Friedrich Schinkel, opened in 1830 at the Spree island’s Lustgarten in the first building in Prussia designed to be a museum.

Capital City Berlin became the capital of the German Reich in 1871. This boost in political status, industrialization, and the economic boom of the next few decades gave rise to many new businesses in the city. Berlin became the empire’s political, economic, and scientific capital. In 1882 the log road connecting the city with the royal hunting lodge in Grunewald was revamped to form a splendid avenue, Kurfürstendamm, modeled on the Champs-Elyseés in Paris and extending to Halensee. Housing in the “new west” around Kurfürstendamm attracted prominent, wealthy residents, and the area becomes a popular place for the cultural scene to meet.

A new republic (Weimar) was founded in Germany after WWI and Berlin became a legendary cultural metropolis in the 1920s. Artists like Otto Dix, Lionel Feininger, , and Arnold Zweig live and work in the city, as do the Nobel Prize winners Albert Einstein and Fritz Haber. The XI Summer Olympics take place in Berlin from August 1 to 16 in 1936.

Divided City After WWII ended on May 8th 1945, much of Berlin was nothing but rubble: 600,000 apartments had been destroyed, and only 2.8 million of the city’s original population of 4.3 million still lived in the city. In accordance with an agreement signed by the Allies, the city was divided into four sectors and administered jointly by the occupying powers, the United States of America, Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union.

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BERLIN: A HISTORY 3(3)

On August 13, 1961 the GDR began construction on a wall that ran along the sector border and sealed the two parts of the city off from one another. This separation remained until 1989, when the end of the Cold War and pressure from the East German population, caused the Berlin Wall to fall on November 9th 1989. During this period of division both ‘sides’ of the city initiated building programs intended to demonstrate the value of their respective political/economic systems. East Berlin was characterized by a ‘scientific’, modernist architecture which sought to replace the past. West Berlin was characterized by commercial wealth meant to impress.

Reunification After German reunification in 1990 Berlin became the largest construction site in Europe. Both state and private-sponsored building programs were executed in attempts to re-build, re-unify and expand the city. There are few cities in the western world that have experienced the extent and pace of rebuilding that Berlin has experienced during the past 20 years. Buildings from this period represent a catalog of work by the most celebrated architects of the time, many of which are not German. The Reichstag, or German governmental capital building, was renovated by Norman Foster, a British architect. Berlin became the capital of reunified Germany in 1991.

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FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY INFORMATION

GERMANY Area Total 357,021 km2 (63rd) 137,847 sq mi Water (%) 2.416

Population 81,799,600[1] (15th) (2010 estimate) Density 229/km2 (55th) 593/sq mi

GDP (PPP) 2011 estimate Total $3.089 trillion[2] (5th) Per capita $37,935[2] (18th)

Climate: temperate and marine; cool, cloudy, wet winters and summers; occasional warm mountain (foehn) wind

Ethnicity: German 91.5%, Turkish 2.4%, other 6.1% (made up largely of Greek, Italian, Polish, Russian, Spanish)

Government type: Federal Republic

Constitution: 23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the united German people 3 October 1990

National holiday: Unity Day, 3 October (1990)

BERLIN Area City 891.85 km2 (344.3 sq mi)

Votes in Bundesrat 4 (of 69)

Population City 3,490,445 Density 3,913.7/km2 (10,136.5/sq mi) Metro 4,429,847

GDP/ Nominal € 94.7 billion (2010) [3]

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GERMAN TRANSLATION GUIDE

Numbers - Zahlen Greetings

One - Eins Hello! - Hallo! Two - Zwei Goodbye - Auf Wiedersehen Three - Drei Good morning - Guten Morgen Four - Vier Good eveing - Guten Abend Five - Fünf Thank you - Danke Six - Sechs Thank you very much - Vielen Dank Seven - Sieben You are welcome - Gern geschehen Eight - Acht Nine - Neun Yes - Ja Ten - Zehn No - Nein Hundred - Hundert Maybe - Vielleicht Thousand - Thousand Excuse me! - Entschuldigung! I am sorry! - Es tut mir leid! How are you? - Wie geht es dir? Days - Tage I’m fine, thanks - Ich bin gut, danke

Monday - Montag What is your name? - Wie heißt du? Tuesday - Dienstag My name is Roxy - Mein Name ist Roxy Wednesday - Mittwoch Where are you from? - Wo kommen Sie her? Thursday - Donnerstag I am from Mars - Ich bin vom Mars Friday - Freitag Saturday -Samstag I would like a beer - Ich hätte gerne ein Bier Sunday - Sonntag I would like two beers - Ich hätte gerne zwei Biere Breakfast - Frühstück Lunch - Mittagessen Buffet - Buffet Dinner - Abendessen

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DIS CODE OF CONDUCT

On a DIS study tour it is required that you: • Are a positive representative of DIS and your home institution • Are on time and participate actively at all lectures and visits • Show respect for tour leaders, presenters, local support staff and faculty, and fellow students • Respect local laws and policies of hostels, hotels, bus companies, airlines, restaurants, and other VENUES.

DIS Study Tour Policy • DIS study tour policies correspond to the DIS policies outlined in the student handbook. DIS • policies regarding drugs and alcohol are no different on study tour. Consumption of alcohol during or in-between study tour visits is not permitted. • DIS tour leaders are obligated to report any inappropriate behavior or negative participation to the • DIS disciplinary committee. Inappropriate behavior on study tours can also result in dismissal without refund of tuition or study tour costs. • Students are responsible for their own actions. Incidents involving property damage and/or breach of local laws/policies are to be resolved by the student.

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TRAVELING ON DIS STUDY TOURS

Insurance Students enrolled at DIS have comprehensive health, accident, property, and personal liability insurance coverage. For further information and details, please refer to the insurance conditions at http://www.dis.dk/Financial/Insurance.php. For insurance claim forms and advice, please see the Housing and Student Services office. They are located in the DIS main building Vestergade 8.

Theft Please remember to always keep your personal belongings in a safe place – never leave them unattended or in unlocked premises. Should you, despite having taken these measures, have your personal belongings stolen during your study tour, please make sure to follow the guidelines below in order to be able to make an insurance claim upon your return to DIS. 1. ALWAYS file a police report with the local police. Please consult with your study tour leader. Without a police report, the insurance company cannot accept your claim. 2. If either your credit card or cell phone is stolen, don’t forget to cancel them to avoid abuse. 3. ALWAYS keep a copy of your passport and the Danish residence permit on you. Should your passport get stolen, please consult with your study tour leader who will be able to direct you to the embassy or consulate to get you an emergency passport issued.

Medical Emergencies Please remember to ALWAYS keep your Danish National Health Card (the CPR card) on you. If you need to see a doctor or the emergency room, please consult with your study tour leader who will assist you to the nearest one. Present the doctor/hospital with your CPR card as your personal ID. In some countries, you might still be asked to pay upfront, however please remember to bring all medical receipts, prescriptions and doctor’s statements back to DIS. This paperwork will be necessary to get your expenses covered through the insurance.

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EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

In Case of Emergency

First Priority: Protection of Life. In case of an emergency your first priority is to ensure that you and your fellow students evacuate to a safe area and that you assist others in getting to a safe area to the best of your ability.

Second Priority: Call for assistance. After calling 112 or the local emergency number call one of your tour leaders. If you cannot reach your tour leaders, call the DIS emergency phone: +45 30 67 10 00 Only after reaching safety, calling for assistance, and reaching a DIS staff member should you call others. DIS will contact your family if necessary.

Third Priority: Assist the injured and/or attempt to eliminate further hazard. If you can be of aid to injured people do so only after making sure that contact has been made with local emergency officials. If you are able to take steps to eliminate a hazard from spreading or be of aid to local security or law enforcement without putting your own safety at risk you should do so if it can prevent further injury or loss of life. You should NOT put yourself at any risk to save material assets.

Fourth Priority: Account for all your fellow students. Make sure all your fellow students are accounted for. Assist tour leaders or assign someone to search areas or make calls.

Fifth Priority: Inform your family about your current situation. Make sure your family or contact at home is aware of the current situation and your condition.

Robert Davis +45 20 15 83 79 Bo Christiansen +45 21 68 54 39 DIS Emergency +45 30 67 10 00

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AD FY SHORT TOUR AD FY SHORT TOUR AD FY SHORT TOUR 08-02-2017 - 10-02-2017 08-02-2017 - 10-02-2017 08-02-2017 - 10-02-2017

Total on tour: 26 Total on tour: 26 Total on tour: 26 Total students: 24 PARTICIPANTTotal students: 24 GALLERYTotal students: 24 Total other: 2 Total other: 2 Total other: 2

Davis, Robert Perry Davis,Christiansen, Robert PerryBo Christiansen,Davis, Robert Bo Perry Christiansen, Bo

Abdalla, Ahmad Said Abdalla,Agrusti, AhmadMary Lee Said Agrusti,Abdalla, Mary Ahmad Lee Said Agrusti, Mary Lee USA USAUSA USAUSA USA California State Polytechnic CaliforniaBucknell UniversityState Polytechnic BucknellCalifornia University State Polytechnic Bucknell University University, Pomona University, Pomona University, Pomona

Baucom, Jeffrey Nicholas Baucom,Brodersen, Jeffrey Anna Nicholas Renee Brodersen,Baucom, Jeffrey Anna ReneeNicholas Brodersen, Anna Renee USA USAUSA USAUSA USA California State University System CaliforniaUniversity State of Kansas University System UniversityCalifornia ofState Kansas University System University of Kansas

Cavero, Neslie Joyce Cavero,DION, LAURA Neslie BARIEJoyce DION,Cavero, LAURA Neslie BARIE Joyce DION, LAURA BARIE USA USAUSA USAUSA USA California Polytechnic State CaliforniaCalifornia Polytechnic State University State System CaliforniaCalifornia State Polytechnic University State System California State University System University, San Luis Obispo University, San Luis Obispo University, San Luis Obispo

harris, phillip huston harris,Heitkamp, phillip Tyler huston Jordan Heitkamp,harris, phillip Tyler huston Jordan Heitkamp, Tyler Jordan USA USAUSA USAUSA USA California State University System CaliforniaCalifornia State State University University System System CaliforniaCalifornia State State University University System System California State University System

Herhusky, Kevin Bormann Herhusky,Keskintepe, Kevin Emre Bormann Keskintepe,Herhusky, Kevin Emre Bormann Keskintepe, Emre USA USAUSA USAUSA USA California State University System CaliforniaCalifornia State State University University System System CaliforniaCalifornia State State University University System System California State University System

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Lee, Allison Mariko Mackay, Hannah Catherine USA USA California Polytechnic State California State University System University, San Luis Obispo

Menzel, Shea Lynne Pishchik, Katherina Sandra USA USA California Polytechnic State California State University System University, San Luis Obispo

Robles-Gonzalez, Rodrigo Miguel Rutty, Amy Christine USA USA California Polytechnic State California State University System University, San Luis Obispo

Shaheen, Chloe Christelle Sole, Madonna Siti USA USA California Polytechnic State California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo University, Pomona

Stavros, Blake Thomas Stearns, Joseph Samuel USA USA California State University System California State University System

Strait, Natalie Gavin Thein, Tyler Jonathan USA USA California State University System California State University System

Tubio, Olivia Caroline YANG, YAN JIE ES USA Middlebury College California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

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