Musik Und Erinnerungen – Autobiografische Jugendliteratur Zur Deutschen Wende

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Musik Und Erinnerungen – Autobiografische Jugendliteratur Zur Deutschen Wende Musik und Erinnerungen – Autobiografische Jugendliteratur zur deutschen Wende by Friederike Schlein A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in German Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2019 ã Friederike Schlein 2019 Examining Committee Membership The following served on the Examining Committee for this thesis. The decision of the Examin- ing Committee is by majority vote. External Examiner Nikola von Merveldt Professorin, Université de Montréal Supervisor James M. Skidmore Professor, University of Waterloo Internal Member Paul Malone Professor, University of Waterloo Internal-external Member Gary Bruce Professor, University of Waterloo, History Other Member Ann Marie Rasmussen Professorin, University of Waterloo ii Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. iii Abstract (English) This dissertation focuses on musical memories in three autobiographical texts: Mein erstes T-Shirt (2001) by Jakob Hein; Tonspur: Wie ich die Welt von gestern verließ (2014) by Olaf Hintze and Susanne Krones; and Ostkreuz: Erwachsenwerden in der Wendezeit (2014) by Chris- tian Mackrodt. The analysis examines the central question of how constructed memories of mu- sic in the GDR and the particular situation of East German adolescents growing up in the early 1990s function as cultural memory within the acoustic dimension of the Wende discourse, and to what extent the constructed memories contribute to a differentiated picture of young East Ger- man adolescents in the Wende period. The constructed musical memories provide extensive in- sights into the individual experiences and feelings of the three protagonists Hein, Mackrodt and Hintze. According to Ute Dettmar and Mareile Oetken, literature for young people on the German Wende hardly attracts any attention in the ongoing Wende discourse, although it is precisely young people born after the fall of the Wall who are dependent upon literature covering life in the GDR, at the time of the Wende, and during the post-Wende period, since they themselves have no memories of their own. Jan and Aleida Assmann's scholarly work on cultural memory forms the theoretical framework of the dissertation. The analysis employs Carsten Gansel's meth- odology on cultural memory in German young adult literature. Gansel shows how the narrative structure of youth literature stages and captures cultural memory as memories. The investigation of the narrative structures in Mein erstes T-Shirt, Ostkreuz und Tonspur makes clear that the memories of popular music from the USA, Great Britain and parts of the Federal Republic of Germany found in the three texts stage a cultural memory of the Wende that contributes to the iv German Wende discourse because they illustrate the effects of the restrictions of the GDR re- gime on the lives of East German youths and young people; since censorship restricted the avail- ability of pop and rock music from the West, East German youths only had access to this music through illegal means. The constructed musical memories of pop, rock, techno, punk and other music show that music from the West was part of the process of growing up, accompanying the protagonists Hein, Mackrodt and Hintze in their adolescence and becoming an expression of their personality. The musical traces of memory in the autobiographical texts of Hein, Mackrodt, Hintze and Krones can be of significance for the ongoing discourse surrounding the Wende, as they provide points of contact and opportunities for young people from succeeding generations to identify with the Wende, post-Wende and the GDR. Music is a component of the process of growing up, giving expression to one's own personality, and in Mein erstes T-Shirt, Ostkreuz and Tonspur represents a common ground between the three young protagonists Hein, Mackrodt and Hintze and today's young people. v Abstract (Deutsch) In der Arbeit stehen die musikalischen Erinnerungen der drei autobiografischen Texte Mein erstes T-Shirt (2001) von Jakob Hein, Tonspur: Wie ich die Welt von gestern verließ (2014) von Olaf Hintze sowie Susanne Krones und Ostkreuz: Erwachsenwerden in der Wendezeit (2014) von Christian Mackrodt im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung. Die Analyse geht der zentra- len Fragestellung nach, wie die konstruierten Erinnerungen an Musik in der DDR und an die Be- sonderheiten des Erwachsenwerdens ostdeutscher Jugendlicher in den frühen 1990er Jahren als kulturelles Gedächtnis zur akustischen Dimension des Wendediskurses beitragen und inwiefern die konstruierten Erinnerungen ein differenziertes Bild junger ostdeutscher Heranwachsender in der Wendezeit zeichnen. Die konstruierten, musikalischen Erinnerungen ermöglichen einen um- fangreichen Zugang zu den individuellen Erfahrungen und Empfindungen drei Protagonisten Hein, Mackrodt und Hintze. Jugendliteratur zur deutschen Wende findet nach Ute Dettmar und Mareile Oetken kaum Beachtung im anhaltenden Wendediskurs, obwohl gerade die nachgeborenen Jugendlichen auf Literatur zum Leben in der DDR, zur Wende- und Nachwendezeit angewiesen seien, da sie sel- ber über keine eigenen Erinnerungen verfügen. Jan und Aleida Assmanns wissenschaftliche Aus- arbeitungen zum kulturellen Gedächtnis bilden den theoretischen Rahmen der Arbeit. Die Ana- lyse folgt Carsten Gansels Methodologie zum kulturellen Gedächtnis in der deutschen Kinder- und Jugendliteratur. Gansel zeigt, wie die narrative Struktur von Jugendliteratur das kulturelle Gedächtnis als Erinnerung inszeniert und erfasst. Die Untersuchung der narrativen Struktur in Mein erstes T-Shirt, Ostkreuz und Tonspur verdeutlicht, dass die in den Texten mehrheitlich kon- struierten Erinnerungen an populäre Musik aus den USA, Großbritannien und in Teilen der Bun- vi desrepublik Deutschland ein kulturelles Gedächtnis der Wende inszenieren und somit zum deut- schen Wendediskurs beitragen können. Erstens veranschaulichen die in den autobiografischen Texten konstruierten Erinnerungen die Auswirkungen der Restriktionen des DDR Regimes auf das Leben von ostdeutschen Jugendlichen und jungen Menschen, denn Pop- und Rockmusik aus dem Westen war durch Zensur nur eingeschränkt verfügbar und gelangte beispielsweise auf ille- galen Wegen in den Besitz von ostdeutschen Jugendlichen. Zweitens zeigen die konstruierten musikalischen Erinnerungen von Pop-, Rock-, Techno- und Punkmusik, dass Musik aus dem Westen ein Bestandteil des Prozesses des Erwachsenwerdens und ein Ausdruck der eigenen Per- sönlichkeit der Protagonisten Hein, Mackrodt und Hintze waren, denn Popsongs und Techno- Musik begleiteten sie in ihren jugendlichen Leben. Die musikalischen Spuren der Erinnerung in den autobiografischen Texten von Hein, Mackrodt, Hintze und Krones können für den anhaltenden Wendediskurs von Bedeutung sein, da sie Anknüpfungspunkte und Identifikationsmöglichkeiten für Jugendliche der nachfolgenden Ge- nerationen zur Auseinandersetzung mit der Wende, Nachwende und der DDR liefern. Musik ist ein Bestandteil des Prozesses des Erwachsenwerdens, ein Ausdruck der eigenen Persönlichkeit und stellt eine Gemeinsamkeit zwischen heutigen Jugendlichen und den drei jungen Protagonis- ten Hein, Mackrodt sowie Hintze in Mein erstes T-Shirt, Ostkreuz und Tonspur dar. vii Acknowledgements My thanks go to Dr. James M. Skidmore for his continuous support, extensive feedback and ac- companiment during the process of creating and completing my dissertation. The regular conver- sations with him during my time in Waterloo were always helpful and very valuable. Working with him, learning from him and growing with him during my second degree in Canada gave me great pleasure and meant a lot to me. I would like to thank Dr. Skidmore for his trust and for challenging and supporting me in my work after I returned to Germany with my family. I owe it in large part to him that the mutual ex- change over the distance of two continents was successful and enduring. I would also like to thank the external examiner, Dr. Nikola von Merveldt, and my committee members and readers, Dr. Paul Malone, Dr. Ann-Marie Rasmussen, and Dr. Gary Bruce, for pay- ing careful attention to my dissertation, providing valuable feedback, and supporting me in my work. Meinem Mann Markus möchte ich dafür danken, dass er stets an mich glaubt und in allem unter- stützt, was für mich von Bedeutung ist. Das Leben mit dir ist wunderbar. Ich liebe dich. Deine Friederike Meinen Söhnen Justus und Titus möchte ich für ihre Liebe, Geduld, ihre aufmunternden Worte und für ihr Verständnis danken. Ich lieb euch sehr. Eure Mama viii Inhaltsverzeichnis Examining Committee Membership ....................................................................................... ii Author’s Declaration .............................................................................................................. iii Abstract (English) ....................................................................................................................iv Abstract (Deutsch) ...................................................................................................................vi Acknowledgements................................................................................................................ viii Vorwort ....................................................................................................................................xi
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