Balochistan Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP)1 | P a G E
Public Disclosure Authorized
Environmental and Social Management Plan for Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme Marghazani, Dehphal, Khuruk and Khajjak Channesl & Two Spate Irrigation Schemes (Arrand & Bori)
Public Disclosure Authorized
Public Disclosure Authorized
Public Disclosure Authorized Balochistan Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP)1 | P a g e
June 2018
Contents
Contents 2
Executive Summary 10
1 Introduction 21 1.1 General ______21 1.2 Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme (Sub-Project Description) ______22 1.3 Scope of the Environmental and Social Management Plan ______23 1.4 Justification and Need of Sub-Project ______26 1.5 ESMP Methodology ______26 1.6 Data Collection ______27 1.7 Environmental and Social Baseline Sampling ______27 1.8 Objectives of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) ______28 1.9 Study Team ______29
2 Regulatory and Policy Reviews 30 2.1 World Bank Operational Policies ______30 2.2 National and Provincial Legislative Framework ______33 2.3 International Treaties ______33
3 Description of Engineering Activities 42 3.1 Engineering Activities/Interventions ______42 3.2 Operational Phase Activities ______50 3.3 Temporary Diversions ______50 3.4 Construction Schedule ______50 3.5 Water Supply ______54 3.6 Establishment of Contractor Camps ______54
4 Environmental Baseline 62 4.1 Physical Environment ______62 4.2 Biological Environment ______71 4.3 Fauna ______73
5 Socio-Economic Baseline 80 5.1 General ______80 5.2 Language ______80 5.3 Education Facilities ______80 5.4 Health Facilities ______80 5.5 Water Supply and Sanitation ______81
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5.6 Communication ______81 5.7 Means of Transport ______81 5.8 Social Conflicts ______81 5.9 Household Information ______81 5.10 Common Needs to Visit Nearest City ______84 5.11 Livestock ______84 5.12 Source of Livelihood and Income ______85 5.13 Agriculture Tool and Farm Machinery ______85 5.14 Seasonal Earnings from Crops ______85 5.15 Agricultural land holding and cropping pattern ______86 5.16 Anticipated Losses due to the Project ______86 5.17 Housing ______86 5.18 Land Ownership ______87 5.19 Community Based Organization (CBOs) and NGOs ______87 5.20 Customary Institutions ______87 5.21 Local Government and Administration ______88 5.22 Law and Order Situation ______88 5.23 Community Cultural Properties ______88 5.24 Community Awareness about Sub-Project Works ______88 5.25 Community Demands ______88
6 Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigations Measures 89 6.1 Overview ______89 6.2 Environmental Impacts ______90 6.3 Social Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures ______104 6.4 Induced Economic Development during Construction ______105 6.5 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Site ______109 6.6 Physical Resettlement ______110
7 Community and Stakeholder Consultation 111 7.1 General ______111 7.2 Methodology of Consultation ______111 7.3 Formation of Farmers Organization (FO) ______112 7.4 Summary of Discussions ______112 7.5 Summary of Findings of Consultation with Farmers ______113 7.6 Consultation with Women Community______113 7.7 Women Development Groups (WDGs) ______114 7.8 Findings of Women Consultations and Priority Needs ______115
8 Institutional and Implementation Arrangements 116 8.1 The Contractor ______116 8.2 Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP) and Contractor Health and Safety Plan ___ 117
9 The Environmental and Social Management and Mitigation Plan 119 9.1 General ______119 9.2 Monitoring Mechanism ______120 9.3 Aims of Monitoring ______120 9.4 Non-compliance’s and Corrective Measures ______120
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9.5 Communication, Reporting and Documentation ______121 9.6 Contractor’s Health and Safety Plan ______125 9.7 Contractor’s Code of Conduct ______126 9.8 The Environmental and Social Monitoring and Mitigation Plan ______127
10 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 149 10.1 General ______149 10.2 Objectives of Grievance Redress Mechanism ______150 10.3 Principles, Procedures and Timelines ______150 10.4 Grievance Recording and Redress Monitoring ______151 10.5 Dissemination ______151 10.6 Proposed Mechanism for Grievance Redress under BIWRMDP ______151 10.7 Public Complaints Centre ______152 10.8 Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) ______152 10.9 Grievance Focal Points (GFPs) ______152 10.10 Role and Responsibilities of PCC ______152 10.11 Nomination of Focal Person for GRM at Community Level ______154 10.12 Budget for GRM Implementation ______154
11 ESMP Implementation Budget______155
12 References______157
Appendices ______158
List of Figures
Figure 3.1:The general layout plan of Khajjak Channel ______44 Figure 3.2:General Layout Plan of Kurak Channel ______45 Figure 3.3General Layout of Marghazani Channel ______46 Figure 3.4:General Layout Plan of Dehpal Channel ______47 Figure 3.5:Layout Plan of Arand Spate Irrigation System ______48 Figure 3.6: Layout Plan Bori Spate Irrigation System ______49 Figure 3.7: Work and Construction Schedule ______52 Figure 3.8:View of different Cover ______53 Figure 3.9:Another View of different vegetation along the channel ______53 Figure 3.10: Proposed Sub-Camp Locations ______57 Figure 4.1:Ambient Air Monitoring Locations ______67 Figure 4.2:Location Map Arand and Bori (Spate Irrigation System) ______69 Figure 4.3: Location map of Archaeological and Cultural Heritage site ______70 Figure 4.4:Different type of vegetation covers along the channel ______71 Figure 4.5:View of channel covered trees with vegetation ______71 Figure 4.6: Notified Forest by Forest Department in Sibi City, GoB ______72 Figure 4.7:Deer Breeding Facility ______73 Figure 6.1:Minimum Generator Stack Height and Clearance ______91 Figure 10.1: Key Steps in Grievance Redress Mechanism ______150
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List of Tables
Table 2.1: Assessment of World Bank Policies ______30 Table 2.2:National and Provincial Legislative Framework ______34 Table 2.3: International Treaties ______39 Table 2.4: ILO Conventions ______41 Table 3.1: Nari Gorge Integrated Sub-Project Activities ______42 Table 3.2: Construction Schedule ______50 Table 3.3: Machinery and Tools/Equipment Required for Earthworks and Civil Work ______54 Table 3.4: Proposed Locations of Sub-Camps ______55 Table 3.5: General Camp Site Best Practice Guidelines ______58 Table 3.6: Waste Management collection and disposal Techniques ______60 Table 4.1: Distribution of Water System (Nari Canal) ______62 Table 4.2: Ground Water Quality Sample Results ______63 Table 4.3: Surface Water Quality Results ______64 Table 4.4: Ambient Air Quality Sampling Locations ______66 Table 4.5: Noise Level Monitoring Locations ______67 Table 4.6: Climatic Conditions ______68 Table 4.7: Average Temperature and Humidity Level ______68 Table 4.8:The peak inflows at Spate Irrigation System ______69 Table 4.9: Details of Forest ______72 Table 4.10: List of Mammals ______74 Table 4.11:List of Avi-Fauna ______75 Table 4.12: List of Key Av-Fauna Species ______78 Table 4.13:List of Reptiles and Amphibians ______78 Table 4.14: List of Key Reptiles and Amphibians ______79 Table 5.1: Education Facilities ______80 Table 5.2: Health Facilities ______81 Table 5.3: Number of household and total population ______81 Table 5.4: Age of the Respondents ______82 Table 5.5: Education Level ______82 Table 5.6: Average Family Size ______83 Table 5.7: Family System ______83 Table 5.8: Marriages ______83 Table 5.9: Purpose of the Visit to nearest City______84 Table 5.10: Average No & Type of Livestock Ownership ______84 Table 5.11: Average cost of Livestock ______84 Table 5.12: Type of Agriculture Tools and Machinery ______85 Table 5.13: Estimated Expenses per Year per Acre ______85 Table 5.14: Average Seasonal Earnings/acre ______86 Table 5.15: Anticipate Losses due to Project ______86 Table 5.16: Ownership of Rooms ______86 Table 5.17: Housing Type ______87 Table 5.18: Plot Size ______87 Table 5.19: Community Cultural Properties ______88 Table 6.1: Impact Characterization-Air Quality ______90 Table 6.2: Potential for Dust Emissions by Works Activity ______92 Table 6.3: Impact Characterization-Dust Generation ______93 Table 6.4: Activities and Potential Impact ______93
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Table 6.5: Impact Characterization- Health and Safety ______94 Table 6.6: OHS Guidelines ______95 Table 6.7: Noise Levels of Equipment/Machinery ______97 Table 6.8: -Impact Characterization- Noise and Vibration ______98 Table 6.9: Impact Characterization- Improved Irrigation ______99 Table 6.10: Branch wise number ______99 Table 6.11: Impact Characterization-Loss of Vegetation and Trees ______99 Table 6.12: Impact Characterization-Surface and Ground Water Pollution ______101 Table 6.13: Impact Characterization-Fauna ______103 Table 6.14: Impact Characterization-Impediment to Community Movement ______105 Table 6.15: Impact Characterization- Induced Economic Development ______106 Table 6.16: Impact Characterization- Labor Influx ______106 Table 6.17: -Impact Characterization- Community Health and Safety ______108 Table 6.18: Impact Characterization-Community Disturbance ______108 Table 7.2: Location and date of consultative meeting with Male Community ______112 Table 7.1: Location and date of formation of FO ______112 Table 7.3: Summary of Key Discussions ______112 Table 7.4: Location and date of consultative meeting with Women Community ______114 Table 7.5: Location and date of Meeting for formation of WDGs ______114 Table 9.1: Distribution of Periodic Reports ______122 Table 9.2: Trainings Subjects for inclusion in Contractor Training Plan ______123 Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan ______128 Table 9.4: Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan ______144 Table 10.1: Member of GRM Focal persons ______154 Table 11.1: ESMP Implementation Cost Estimates ______155
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS BCM Billion Cubic Meters NSDWQ National Standards for Drinking Water Quality IUCN International Union for conservation of nature BWPPCM Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act, 2014. B-EPA Balochistan Environmental Protection Agency CCA Culturable Command Area CoI Corridor of Impact GoB Government of Balochistan GCA Gross Command Area FO Farmers Organizations ESS Environmental Safeguard Specialist EPA Environmental Protection Agency EMU Environmental Management Unit ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan EIA Environmental Impact Assessment dB Decibel Cusec Cubic feet per second EA Environmental Assessment HSE Health Safety & Environment IEE Initial Environment Examination IP Inspection path NIP Non-Inspection Path M&E C Monitoring and Evaluation Consultants MAF Million-acre feet NEQS National Environmental Quality Standards NGO Non-Governmental Organizations O&M Operation and Maintenance OFWM On-Farm Water Management OP Operating Procedure P&D Planning & Development PAD Project Appraisal Document PAP Project Affected Person(s) PD Project Director
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PMU Project Management Unit PPE Personal Protective Equipment PSIA Project Supervision and Implementation Consultants RD Reduce Distance RoW Right of Way SOP Standard Operation Procedures SSESMP Site Specific Environment and Social Management Plan VR Village Road VRB Village Road Bridge WB World Bank SW Surface Water GW Ground Water CIFO Community irrigation farmer organization FO Farmers Organization WDG Women Development Group
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Executive Summary
Background1
Balochistan faces an acute water scarcity problem and compared to Pakistan’s other provinces is most at risk from climate change and least able to address and manage water-related development challenges. Floodwater generated by intense but scare and irregular rainfall is the largest usable water resource in Balochistan. Extended droughts and destructive flash floods are commonplace, and are expected to get worse with future climate change. Rainwater is harnessed for irregular spate (or flood) irrigation. Spate irrigation in the province, however, is generally poorly managed and reliant on poor infrastructure, making it both relatively inefficient and unproductive. Given the unreliability of surface water and the limited infrastructure, groundwater is a critical resource. Groundwater is a small fraction of the overall water resource, but its comparative reliability means it is in high demand. Groundwater is significantly over- extracted and this has led to major declines in groundwater levels in many parts of the province. Given the low frequency of rainfall events, groundwater recharge is limited.
Due to governance challenges and a lack of investment, the province continues to remain highly dependent on agriculture (60% of provincial GDP and 67% of labor) despite the availability of considerable mineral and energy resources. Economic growth has been largely driven by the expansion of tube-well irrigation for high-value agriculture, especially horticulture with key agricultural products, including wheat, apples, grapes, vegetables, barley, milk and meat.
The people most vulnerable to water scarcity in Balochistan are the rural poor, especially women and children. Many rural communities lack a secure water (including drinking water) supplies and adequate sanitation. This has major impacts on health and human development. Water is critical to the irrigation that underpins food security in semi-arid Balochistan. Most of the rural poor in Balochistan depend on unreliable surface water irrigation (either spate irrigation or rainfall harvesting), or livestock-based production across the extensive but relatively unproductive rangelands of the province. In the current context, improving rural livelihoods and stimulating economic growth require vastly improved management of the scarce water resources of the province.
1 Project Appraisal Document (PAD) BIWRMDP, pp. 2-3
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Balochistan Integrated Water Resource Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP)
The Government of Balochistan (GoB) has decided to adopt an Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) approach, among others, to strengthen capacity for water resource monitoring and management and to improve community based water management for all related sectors such as, irrigation, agriculture, forest, health, environment, livestock etc. The GoB has received financial support from the World Bank for the Balochistan Integrated Water Resources Management and Development Project (BIWRMDP). The Irrigation Department has started the transformation of water resources management in the province to an integrated multi-sector river basin planning and development approach. With the launch of the BIWRMDP, the GoB intends to lay the foundation for a gradual transition to IWRM with targeted investments to support implementation of IWRM approaches within a framework of community mobilization and participation in the Nari basin.
Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme
The Nari Gorge Integrated scheme includes a perennial canal irrigation system with six branch channels - Luni, Bakhra Ghulam Bolak, Khajjak, Kurak, Dehpal and Marghazani - and two (Arand and Bori) small-scale spate irrigation systems, as shown in Figure 1.2:.
Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
The sub-project site specific ESMP for the irrigation, civil works on Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme is prepared in two phases. In phase one, a site specific ESMP was prepared and disclosed for the civil works to be carried out on two channels, Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni. In phase two, this site specific ESMP has been prepared and will be implemented for the civil works to be carried out at Kurak, Khajjak, Dehpal and Marghazani channels and spate irrigation systems (Arand and Bori). All aforesaid channels are part of Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme.
As both the ESMPs have been prepared for the Nari Gorge Integrated scheme, and all the project channels are located in the same sub-project area and are included in the same tender/contract, therefore, specific sections of the second phase ESMP such as: introduction to BIWRMDP; regulatory and policy reviews; institutional and implementation arrangements; grievance redress mechanism; and, contractor requirements (i.e staffing, CESMP and HSP) remain unchanged. Data and information pertaining to the remaining channels and spate irrigation systems has been incorporated in specific sections of this ESMP i.e. engineering activities; environmental and social baselines (ambient air/noise/water quality), impact and mitigation, community and stakeholder consultation, and implementation budget. The ESMP has been completed in accordance with provincial and national legislation, and the World Bank’s Operational Policies (OPs).
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Proposed Works Activities
The main proposed work activities at Khajjak, Dehpal, Kurak, and Marghazani channels includes:
Re-Construction and lining of channels; Construction of Main Distribution Structure; Construction of Road Culvert; Construction of Syphon’s; Construction of Super passages; Construction of Time Division Structure; Construction of Distribution; Construction of Naka/Outlets; Construction of fall structures; Construction of embankments.
The proposed work activities at Arand and Bori spate irrigation systems includes:
Construction of both irrigation system; Construction of Bifurcation Structure; Construction of Earthen work; Construction of guided bund; Construction of protection bunds.
Further details of engineering activities to be carried out under Nari Gorge Integrated scheme are provided in Section 3.1.
Associated work activities also include the construction of temporary contractor’s camps, clearance of vegetation covers along the channels, felling of trees from the footprint (RoW) of the proposed works.
A main camp2 and six sub-camps will be constructed to carry out sub-project activities3. These camps will house a concrete batching plant, power generators, workshops, offices and residence, storage of materials (i.e. fuel / mixed chemicals, other hazardous materials), sanitation and wellfare facilities, waste disposal systems and parking facilities for vehicles. All camps will be removed following the completion of civil works. Further details of camp management are provided in Section 3.6
Baseline
The ambient air quality pollutant testing was carried at Khajjak, Kurak, and channels. The pollutants monitored are particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen oxides (NO), total suspended
2 The contractor shall utilize same main camp for these work which constructed for Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak Channel. As these all work activities are to be carried out under Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme and by the same contractor. 3 Khajjak, Dehpal, Kurak and Marghazani Channels and flood irrigation systems (Arand and Bori)
12 | P a g e particulate (TSP), sulphur dioxide (SO2), cordon dioxide (CO), lead (PB), nitric oxides (NO2,). The tested pollutants were compared with the NEQs and World Bank standards and were found below the permissible limits. Which reflects that ambient air quality of in these areas is generally very good. The recorded levels were associated with vehicular traffic was found where roads pass nearby to these channels. The baseline details of ambient air quality are provided in Section 4.1.3.
During the baseline study, 16 samples of ground and surface water were collected from upstream and downstream of Khajjak, Dehpal, Marghazani and Kurak channels. These samples were examined for physical, biological and chemical parameters and accordingly were compared with the NDWQs. During the comparison, it is assessed that total coliform, fecal coliform, escherichia coli, potassium, nitrite, iron, ammonia levels were found above the permissible limit in both (SW & GW) samples. The water quality results are further discussed in Section 4.1.2.
During ambient air monitoring, noise level testing was also conducted to the nearby locations. The average noise levels was recorded 38.5 dB in Kurak village, 37.2 dB in Khajjak village, and 41.3 db in Dehpal village. The recorded noise levels are below the NEQs and World Bank standards.
Beyond the right of way (RoW) variety of tree species exists along the all channels. It includes;Acacia nilotica (Babul), Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham), Zizyphus nummularia (Ber), Tamarix aphylla (Farash), Albizzia lebbek (Black Siris), Albizzia procera (White Siris), Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Eucalyptus sp.The different type of vegetation cover recorded during the walk through survey is: Alernathera nodiflora, Aristola bracteata, Sonchus oleraqceus, Aerua javanica, Carthamus oxycantha, Heliotropium crispum, Euphorbia caducifolia (Thuar), Cordial rothii (Liar), H. curassavieum, H. europeum, H. strigosum, Capparis decidua, Abutilon indicum, Xanthium indicum, Datura fastousa, Tamarix dioica , T. Prosopis glandulosa (Devi), Calotropis procera (Akk). In addition, in a different zone (foothills, river areas, mountains, plains) are also covered with a variety of vegetation such as; Prosopis cineraria (Kandi), Salvadora oleoides (Peelu), Zizyphus mauritiana (Ber), and Calotropis procera (Aak), shrubs like Tamarix troupii, Suaeda fruiticosa, and Capparis decidua Saccharum munja, Typha angustifolia and Panicum antidotale.
There are seven (07) ‘notified’ forests in the Nari Gorge area. All these forest exist outside the corridor of impact and engineering interventions, and include; Nari Bank, Bakhra, Lehri, Gulu Shahr, Dehpal, Abdullah Kheli, and Thali. The area of all these forests is measured to be 8,920 hectares.
The presence of a wide range of fauna was identified to exist, or have a reasonable potential to exist, within the sub-project area through ecological study. The Faunal species within the sub- project area are considered as key species within this study where they meet any one of the following criteria:
Listed as Near Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List;
Protected in Balochistan Wildlife Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management Act, 2014 (BWPPCM Act, 2014).
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Of this fauna, many key mammal species identified were Chinkara Gazella (Gazella bennettii), Jungle Cat (Felis chaus), Desert Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), and Indian/Bengal Fox (Vulpes bengalensis). These all species are protected under BWPPCM Act, 2014.
The avi-fauna protected by BWPPCM Act 2014 identified are Black-Crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), Indian Pond Heron (Ardeola grayii), Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus), Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila change), Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Little Egret (Egretta garzetta), Great white egret (Casmerodius alba), Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus), Common starling (sturnus vulgaris), Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), Indian grey partridge (Francolinus pondicerian). Simultaneously. Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga) and Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii) are vulnerable; and Indian River Tern (Sterna aurantia) is Near Threatened in IUCN red list.
The Key reptiles and amphibians protected by BWPPCM Act 2014 are Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii) and Indian Monitor (Varanus bengalensis). While Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii) is also declared vulnerable in IUCN red list.
Socio-economic profile (baseline)
Khajjak, Dehpal, Marghazani and Kurak village profiles
Language: Brahvi, Sindhi and Balochi are the primary languages of communication in all four concerned villages (Kurak, Khajjak, Marghazani and Dehpal). Urdu is used as a second language of communication by most of the concerned communities. .
Societal institutions: The tribal system prevails in all four villages and is the established and preferred mechanism, in comparison to state systems, for dispute resolution and grievance redress. Residents of Kurak Village belong to the Barozai tribe; Marghazani village is associated with Saffi and Marghazani tribes; the residents of Khajjak village belong to the Khajjak tribe; and, residents of Dehpal village belong to the Rind tribe.
Government institutions: Elected local government representatives (operating under the Balochistan Local Government Act 2013) are responsible for development works at the union (village) and district levels respectively. At the village level, elected representatives including the union council chairman and additional councillors are responsible for union council level development activities. At the district council level, development works are the responsibility of the district council led by the chairman. The district level bureaucracy consists of the Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner, Additional Deputy Commissioner, Assistant Commissioner, officers’ in-charge of line departments, and revenue officials.
State of law and order: Law and order in Sibi district and the four sub-project channels and spate irrigation system locations is under the control of the district administration and law enforcement agencies (police and levies etc.). The security situation is normal.
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Education: For boys there are: six primary, one middle and one high school in Marghazani Village; one middle and one high school in Dehpal village; three primary and one high school in Kurak village; and four primary schools in Khajjak village. For girls there are: three primary and one middle school in Marghazani village; two primary and one middle school in Dehpal village; two primary and one high school in Kurak village; and three primary and one high school in Khajjak village.
Health: There is one regional health centre each at Marghazani, Dehpal and Khajjak Villages. Each of the four villages also have one dispensary. The health facilities in these villages suffer due to lack of equipment and medical supplies, and availability of medical personnel (lady doctor etc.) and can only provide minor health care to patients. In case of emergency and serious health care needs patients have to be transported to the district headquarter hospital in Sibi or then to Quetta (3-4 hours driving distance).
Water supply and sanitation: While water supply systems are available and functioning in all four villages, the condition of the water supply schemes is poor and needs major improvements. Villagers often use and prefer groundwater sources for drinking and domestic purposes. There is no sewerage and sanitation system in all villages.
Transport and Roads: All four villages are approximately 10-15 kms from Sibi city (district headquarter). Roads connecting the four villages to Sibi are motorable but in poor condition. There is no government operated transport system. Instead, private transporters operate mini buses, Qinchi rickshaws, and pickups to and from Sibi city. Many individuals own motorbikes and prefer to use these instead of the public transport. Private bus companies operate buses from Sibi to major cities including Quetta and Sukkur (in Sindh).
Cultural/community sites and properties: There is one grave yard in each of the four villages.There are four Masjids (mosques) in Dehpal, three in Kurak, five in Khajjak and in Marghazani village. These cultural properties do not fall in the channel alignment area or Right of Way (RoW) and will not be disturbed by the proposed civil works.
Community organisations: Two NGOs are working in Sibi district: Balochistan Rural Support Program (BRSP) working on malaria control program, and Saiban working in overall health issues.
Awareness about the project: The communities of all four villages were provided adequate information about the implementation schedule and proposed sub-project works to be carried out under the Project. This awareness was provided by the project staff during repeated cycles of public consultations.
Household level profile:
Sample: A 10-15% percent random samples was selected for the quantitative household baseline survey. A total of 51 male heads of households in Khajjak, Kurak, Marghazani and Dehpal were interviewed. Due to cultural norms, women members of households could not be included in the quantitative survey. However, focus groups discussions with women were held to record their needs and views.
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Age: In all four villages, 11.7% of respondents are between 21-30, 23.5% are between 31-40, 27.4 % are between 41-50, and 29.4% are between 51-60, and 7.8% are between 61-70.
Family size and pattern: The average family size is 1-5 members in 17.6% household; 5-10 members in 35.2% households; 10-15 members in 21.5% households; and, 15 & above members in 25.4% households. Around 86.2% of the communities of the four villages prefer to live in a joint family arrangement. In this style of living, the eldest male member takes care of all family members and is the decision-making authority, particularly for matters in the public domain. This system also provides security during periods of un-employment and financial crisis for individual family members. Families living on the four channels often work together on the same land and share their joint incomes to support the entire family, including elder relatives who are unable to work.
Level of education: 25.4% of respondents are uneducated, 17.6% have primary level of education, 25.4 % have secondary level education, 19.6% education have high school qualification, and 11.7% have university level education.
Health: The most common diseases in these villages include Typhoid, Hepatitis B & C, Diarrhoea, and Malaria.
Land ownership and tenancy patterns: The baseline survey indicates that in Kurak, Marghazani and Dehpal channels there is communal ownership. Land share distributions are determined annualy by flipping a coin. In Khajjak village, however, land ownership is distributed among shareholders according to a fixed pattern. Sale of land is not common practices in Kurak, Marghazani and Dehpal villages while in Khajjak village if land is sold the transfer of ownership is done formally and is recorded with the revenue department. To a small extent, tenancy is also common at Khajjak, Kurak, Marghazani and Dehpal villages; 97% of land is cultivated by owners, while 3% is tenant operated. The land in the sub-project area is fertile and farmers grow cotton, sorghum and vegetables during the Kharif season (April to November) and wheat, pulses, lentils and vegetables during Rabi season (April to October).
Housing: In both villages, all the houses are owned by the inhabitants. 100% houses have toilets; however, these are not connected to a proper sanitation system. 15.6% of houses are pucca (permanent/brick construction), 33.3% are semi-pucca, and 43.1% are kutcha (mud houses). The housing plot size in the sub-project area is 2500sq. ft. to 3500 sq. ft. for 25.4% homes, 3600 sq. ft to 5000 sq. ft for 35.2% homes, and above 5000 sq ft. for 39.2% households.
Environmental and Social Impacts and Proposed Mitigations Measures Medium adverse short-term impacts due to a decline in air quality because of the operation of the plant during embankment works and in construction camps were identified to residences. In general, the air quality of the sub-project area is good and within the permissible limit of NEQs and World Bank guidelines. The number of mitigations has been included in the ESMP, based on the selection and siting of plant to reduce this impact. Requirements to train the contractor’s staff in the implementation of measures to reduce dust generation during earthworks operations have also been identified. In addition to a number of best practice and mitigations, such as water
16 | P a g e sprinkling due to the generation of dust, mainly during the use of access routes and vegetation clearance in work areas.
Risks are identified in depletion of ground and surface water quality resulting from major spills, as well as the improper treatment and disposal of sanitary waste, and solid wastes generated during construction. Groundwater resources are considered particularly valuable in the sub- project channels due to the reliance of the population on groundwater for drinking water supply.
In addition, a number of mitigations have been applied to the methodology for storage and handling of hazardous material, waste water treatment and disposal, plant wash down, refuelling and solid waste management to reduce the impact to ground and surface water resources. To supplement these mitigations, the contractor will be required to submit a pollution control plan upon mobilization for the approval of the Engineer. The key mitigation will be the contractor camp will not be located within 500 m of channels and community and will submit a plan for treatment using septic systems to PSIA during mobilization for approval. The plan must include designs or specifications demonstrating that the treatment rate of the system exceeds the loading rate, maintenance of the system, proposal for treatment and disposal of sludge from septic tanks.
To prevent any disruption of water supply to farmers during construction, designs include the construction of temporary diversions. These will ensure continued supply of irrigation water during the canal lining and construction of structure works.
A potential high adverse short-term impact due to occupational health and safety risks associated with major construction activities is identified for construction laborers’ employed on the sub-project. The key mitigation will be that the contractor will also be required to prepare and submit a Health and Safety Plan to cover all construction operations and will appoint a full-time health and safety officer on site. In addition, this study proposes a number of specifications for the contractor’s labor camps which are based on the International Finance Corporation and European Bank of Reconstruction and Development guidance note on Workers’ accommodation: processes and standards. This guidance has been incorporated into the contract documents and will ensure high standards of staff welfare for those residents in the contractor’s facilities.
The sub-project area does not fall in any of the wildlife habitat and does not cause any harmful impacts directly and indirectly. The sub project area is mostly built up and usual activities are related to farming. While Illegal hunting and shooting of faunal species by working staff is possible. However, there are no major adverse impacts related to operation phase, and impact will be of temporary nature.
In case of chance find of sensitive habitat area wherein impact is associated, the contractor will be required to prepare an alternative habitat management plan and implement this accordingly at no additional cost. The plan will document the presence of affected species, the land needs of the species that may be met on the development site and will recommend appropriate habitat management plans and other measures to protect the subject wild-life.
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The proposed works will require the establishment of construction and labor camps which will generate construction, domestic, sanitary, and hazardous waste. The approximate area of the contractor camp is 10,000 sq ft, and will be constructed on private land. The Land required temporarily for the construction and establishment of contractor camp will be organised by and be the responsibility of the contractor. The contractor will sign a temporary lease agreement with the private individual or public entity and will follow RPF guidelines for meeting land needs.
The contractor is expected to recruit both skilled and unskilled laborer’ from the sub-project area. At the height of construction activity, up to 144 laborers are likely to be employed for the works at Khajjak, Dehpal, Marghazani, Kurak channels and two spate irrigation system (Arand and Bori). These laborers will be resident on site for the construction period2 and in accordance with the contractor work plan, as given in Section 3.4. In case of non-availability of skilled laborers in the sub-project area, the contractor will hire skilled laborers from nearby cities.
This has potentially significant impacts to fauna. The greatest potential impacts result from uncontrolled waste disposal and include entanglement of fauna within solid waste and pollution of water sources due to improper disposal of waste.
The identified seven notified forest are found beyond the corridor of impact and, therefore, there will be no impact or any disturbance
In total, 249 trees are expected to be felled. As a mitigation measure, 5 new trees for each tree cut will be planted. Hence, a total of 1,245 new trees will be planted. The contractor will prepare a detailed tree plantation plan, in accordance with the Section 9.6.2.
A high adverse short-term impact is identified for the local community during the implementation phase at sub-project channels. Community disturbance will occur because of an expected increase in traffic volume within the sub-project area. This may result in congestion on transport routes and cause delays to local traffic. Increased traffic movement within the proximity of settlements also raises the risk of accidents (e.g. collisions with vehicles or construction machinery) resulting in injury to members of the public. In addition, construction works in the proximity of these settlements will also have impacts such as potential noise and air pollution. There will also be impacts due to labor influx into the area and potential interaction between the non-local labor and the local community. To mitigate all these issues, the contractor will be required to employ a Community Liaison Officer throughout the implementation of works. The contractor’s Health and Safety Plan will also include plans for the emergency transfer of members of the public to suitable medical facilities in the event of a serious accident resulting from the construction works. A social complaints register will be placed at the Contractor’s, PIU and Engineer’s offices to address complaints effectively to avoid further disturbance to the local community.
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The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
This ESMP is to be implemented during the construction phase of this sub-project to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed in this document are implemented accordingly. This ESMP includes monitoring mechanism and responsibilities. In addition, this ESMP is to be supplemented by various plans to be submitted by the contractor (i.e. Contractor Health and safety, and Contractor Environmental and Social Management Plan)
The Balochistan Irrigation Department (BID) will be the Implementing Agency for this sub-project. The BID will access technical expertise from the departments of Agriculture, Forestry, Livestock, and Public Health Engineering to support project implementation. The Project Management Unit (PMU) is led by a Project Director. At the basin levels, there are Project Implementation Units (PIUs). The PMU and PIUs will be supported by Project Supervision and Implementation Assistance (PSIA) and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) consultants. The Implementation Completion Report (ICR) of the project will rate and evaluate the performance of the implementing agency.
The contractor appointed under this sub-project will be responsible for the implementation of this ESMP during the sub-project execution phase. The contractor will be required to submit to the PSIA/PMU, the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans (CESMP) and Health, Safety and Environment Plan (HSEP), reflecting the methodologies of implementation. The details of these management plans are provided in Section 8.2 and 9.6. The Contractor is also required to appoint a safety supervisor, paramedic staff, health and safety officer, human resource officer and environmental officer.
The Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans will include the following:
Organisational framework; Layout plans for all camps; Traffic management plan; Pollution prevention and control plan; Emergency plan; Training plan; and, Monitoring plan. The contractor tree plantation plan
During the preparation of Contractor Health and Safety, and Contractor Environmental and Social Management Plan, the guidelines of environmental code of practices (ECOPs) given in Appendix B will be followed by the contractor and be implemented accordingly.
During construction, the contractor will monitor its own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this ESMP and their own plans. In addition, PSIA will complete day-to-day monitoring of the contractor’s compliance with this ESMP. Each party will submit their monthly reports detailing the findings of their monitoring activities which will be distributed among each of
19 | P a g e the institutional stakeholders of this ESMP. The format of monthly monitoring report (PSIA) is given in Appendix C.
Stakeholders Consultation and Participation
Public consultation is one of the key regulatory tools employed to improve transparency, efficiency and effectiveness of regulations for a development project. It involves actively seeking the opinions of those interested in or affected by a project (project beneficiaries). It is a two-way flow of information, which may occur at any stage of development from project identification through planning, design, construction and operation. It may be a process or a continuing dialogue between project implementation authority and the affectees. Consultation is increasingly concerned with the objective of gathering information and finds the acceptable solution. The institutional arrangements in place for this project will ensure and facilitate regular consultation throughout project implementation. The stakeholder’s consultation process for this sub-project was carried out in accordance with the national regulatory requirements and the WB’s Operational Policies. The purpose of consultation was to: disseminate project information among the project stakeholders; record the perception of the community and their views on project interventions; and, obtain community feedback including regarding severity of impacts and recommendations for mitigation measures. Cycles of consultations were held at the channel level with men and women beneficiaries. Consultations were also held with Farmers’ Organizations, community representatives and notables, and district administration.
Grievance Redress Mechanism
A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) for the project will be operational during the implementation of this ESMP.
Budget
The costs for the implementation of construction stage activities given in this ESMP shall be included within the civil works contract for this sub-project (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) and therefore ultimately borne by the client. The total cost of ESMP implementation is given in Section 11.
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1 Introduction
1.1 General
Project development objectives of the Balochistan integrated water resources management and development project (BIWRMDP) is to strengthen provincial government capacity for water resources monitoring and management and to improve community-based water management for targeted irrigation schemes in Balochistan.
The project will begin transformation of water management in Balochistan from a narrow irrigation project focus, with an integrated multi-sector river basin planning and development approach. It will be achieved through institutional strengthening, investments in hydro-meteorological data and weather information systems, priority infrastructure investments in irrigation, water supply and flood protection, and associated watershed and rangeland management, for the Nari basin (69,200 km2).
It is expected that the BIWRMD Project would help in improving the livelihoods of the rural poor in Balochistan by local-level participation to build stronger and more resilient communities, and to drive economic development through more efficient, productive and sustainable management and use of water resources in a watershed context. The project combines technical assistance to the GoB to lay the foundation for a gradual transition to integrated water resource management with targeted investments to support implementation of this project within a framework of community mobilization and participation in the Nari basins.
The project will support investments in two of the eighteen river basins in Balochistan. These river basins have been selected based on the current water resources development status and future development opportunities identified through prefeasibility studies, along with the consideration of security issues and a balanced approach to extending development support of different tribal groups. These choices also reflect a desire to avoid the very arid and less populated western desert basins and avoid the canal-irrigated basins, but to focus on basins dominated by a mixture of perennial and spate irrigation and groundwater dependent higher value agriculture. Nari River Basin (69,200 km2) flows towards the Indus but terminates in inland lakes and wetlands. Groundwater in the basin is over-exploited in many areas, but considerable opportunities exist for development of surface water resources.
The selection of two priority river basins is the first step in a long-term process of province-wide water sector strengthening and reform. Tackling two basins also provides an opportunity to learn from sequential implementation and will provide some flexibility to prioritize and expand interventions during implementation should the security situation change significantly.
The Balochistan Integrated Water Resource Management and Development (BIWRMD) project has three major and nine sub-components:
Component A: Institutions, Capacity and Information: This component will support institutional restructuring, professional development, installation and operation of hydro-meteorological systems, and the establishment of multi-agency river basin information systems that provide public access to all available
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hydro-met data for the two-project basis. The Project will support the establishment of a hydro-met observation network in the two project river basins, including telecommunication equipment, software for data transmission and analysis, storage conversion of the data into the needed information and training in network O&M.
Sub-component A1 will support institutional strengthening and restructuring; it will determine appropriate institutional arrangements for the initial stages of IWRM in Baluchistan.
Sub-component A2 will support hydro-meteorological data collection and management to provide the required information platform for improved water resource planning.
Component-B: Water Infrastructure and Management Investments: This component will support implementation of IWRM sectorial investments in the Nari and Porali basins within a framework of community mobilization and participation.
The sub - component B1 will support six irrigation schemes: three each in the Nari and Porali basins, spanning approximately 69,300 ha. Development work will include remodelling of the headwork and secondary canals. The Project will support construction and rehabilitation of sixteen village water supply schemes.
Sub-component B2 will support a participatory approach to watershed management and rangeland management at the irrigation scheme level, to complement the new infrastructure investments under sub- components B1 and B3.
Sub-component B3 will support the improvement of on-farm and field irrigation water efficiency and farm productivity. On-farm infrastructure will include construction/ rehabilitation of watercourses, water storage tanks/ponds, and farm access roads.
Component C: Project Management & Technical Assistance: This component will support, project management, monitoring and evaluation and studies. The component will finance expenditures associated with overall project implementation costs, including incremental costs associated with the Project Management Unit (PMU) and the Project Implementation Units (PIUs), Project Supervision and Implementation Assistance (PSIA) consultants, M&E consultants, and implementation of Management Plans and Strategic Studies including the Environmental Management Plan (ESMP), the Social Mitigation Plan and the Gender Action Plan (GAP). Study tours will also be included with piloting of new technologies.
1.2 Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme (Sub-Project Description)
The Nari Gorge Integrated Sub-Project comprises of perennial canal irrigation having six branch canals and their sub-branches covering Luni, Bakhra Ghulam Bolak, Khajjak, Kurak, Dehpal and Marghazani. In addition, there are two small-scale spate irrigation systems, namely Arand and Bori. The potential command area of the perennial and spate irrigation system is about 400 km, which is around 98,800 acres, out of which only 17,266 acres (6990 ha) are cropped. In the six perennial channels, the water flows are available all the time while spate irrigation channels work during rainfalls.
The specific components of the sub-project are:
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I. Remodelling of the Nari Canal Perennial Irrigation System of the Package– a) lining of 6 branches of the Nari Weir Irrigation System including Luni, Khajjak, Kurak, Marghazani, Bakra Ghulam Bolak and Dehpal; b) construction of outlets; c) construction of water distribution structures; and d) cross drainage works;
II. Two small-scale Spate irrigation schemes on Arrand and Bori channels. a) rehabilitation/restoration/construction of two (2) dispersal structures to conserve and divert flood flows to irrigate the command areas. and b) lining of a short section of the channels as a guide to manage earthen channels.
1.2.1 Sub-Project Region
The Nari river basin is the largest basin in the province. It includes Musakhel, Lorali, Beji, Khost, Chakr Lehri, Bolan-Mushkaf and Mula sub-basins. It falls in Districts; Musakhel, Lorali, Duki, Ziarat, Hernai, Sibi, and Jhal Magsi. The areas falling in the river basins are connected to Quetta and Jacobabad with metaled roads.
The geographical area of the sub-project is in the chakar lehri sub-basin of the Nari river basin and lies in district Sibi.
1.3 Scope of the Environmental and Social Management Plan
To execute the Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme sub-project work activities the Environmental and Social Management Plan has been prepared in a phased manner. The first stage site specific ESMP was prepared for two of eight sub-project channels: Bakhra Ghulam Bolak and Luni, and accordingly submitted to the World Bank for review and approval.
In this second stage, the site specific ESMP has been prepared for the remaining channels; Khajjak, Kurak, Dehpal, Marghazani, and spate irrigation systems (Arand and Bori).
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Table 1.1: Map Nari River Basin
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Figure 1.2:Map of Sub-project Channels
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1.4 Justification and Need of Sub-Project
Floods and droughts are common phenomena in the sub-project area; however, it is observed that the droughts are invariably more common and persistent than floods. The approach to management of droughts and floods is to develop a project to conserve floodwater by diverting or storing for groundwater recharge, and efficient water use. Furthermore, there are no industrial activities in the project area, which may contribute in the socio-economic progress of the local communities of Nari Gorge.
Currently, the average annual cropping intensity of the Nari Gorge canal perennial irrigation system is around 39%, which is extremely low. The low cropping intensity is largely due to huge conveyance losses in the damaged, lined sections of the canal and the earthen irregular watercourses. Furthermore, fields are un-levelled and farmers have to over-irrigate the field to cover the high spots. The water assessment for the Nari Canal average discharge of 120 cusecs (3.4 m3/sec) indicated that cropping intensity of 67% is possible to meet the peak crop needs and then excess water will be available during a period of 8 months when there is no peak demand for crops.
The remodelling of perennial irrigation and restoration of spate irrigation for the sub-project will provide benefits to the population. For the perennial canal irrigation scheme, the designed command is around 44065 acres (17832 ha) and with the designed cropping intensity of 133%, it will provide cropped area of 58606 acres per annum (23727 ha/annum). It is important to note that the current cropping intensity is only 39%.
The community is not able to divert floodwater for the Sailaba (run-off) lands as they can’t manage the floodwater without the development of the spate irrigation scheme. The flood water is available in the sub- project and it can be utilized by developing spate farming system through the development of two small- scale spate irrigation schemes (Arand and Bori) and development of the command area. Currently very little land is under floodwater irrigation.
1.5 ESMP Methodology
The methodology for assessing and mitigating the social and environmental impacts are summarized below:
Desk review: EA, SIAMP, feasibility study reports, engineering design were reviewed during the preparation of the site specific Environmental and Social Management Plan for remaining channels and spate irrigation system; Define the area covered under the ESMP; Review of planned civil works (design/alignment/scope of work); Review legal framework (national and provincial) and World Bank policies and guidelines; Identify key available related infrastructure resources Identify primary stakeholders including communities (vulnerable groups such as; women, ethnic groups, the poor etc.), and secondary stakeholders (NGOs, CBOs, Government departments, local elected representative, community leaders, civil administration) Socio-Economic and Environmental baseline conditions; Assess temporary and permanent social and environmental impacts; Stakeholder consultations; and
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Development of risk mitigation strategy and social and environmental management plan.
The Environmental Assessment (EA) and Social Impact Assessment & Management Plan (SIAMP) of the BIWRMD Project was completed in 2016 and the environmental approval by the B-EPA was accorded on October 19, 2017 vide letter No. DG (EPA) /4762-80/2017-18. The project proponent shall require to full fill the requirements of Balochistan EPA, as per approved NOC.
1.6 Data Collection
Primary data for this study was collected through field visits, walk-through surveys, quantitative household survey, in-depth qualitative interviews during field visits, and community consultations. Due to cultural practices women members of household could not be included in the quantitative survey. Separate consultation sessions with women were held. The secondary data pertaining to various environmental and socioeconomic parameters was gathered through the literature review and from the approved project documents.
1.7 Environmental and Social Baseline Sampling
1.7.1 Environmental Sampling
The baseline monitoring of Ambient Air Quality, Water Quality Sample (Surface and Ground Water), Noise and Meteorological parameters was carried out by the Quality Testing Service on behalf of Project Management Unit (BIWRMDP) in the month of January 2018.
1. Analysis of Ambient Air Quality
The Ambient Air Quality analysis for 24-hour continuous monitoring at the sub project channels of the Nari Gorge was conducted for the following parameters:
Carbon Monoxide Nitrogen Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide Particulate Matter (PM 10) Noise Levels Ozone Total Suspended Particle (TSP)
2. Meteorological Parameters
The following meteorological parameters at each of the sites:
Temperature Relative Humidity Wind Direction Wind Speed
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3. Water Quality Testing
In total, 16 samples of ground and surface water were collected from upstream and downstream of Luni and Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channels (08 SW & 08 GW samples from each channel). The physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of surface and ground water quality were analysed and compared with National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS) and World Bank standards.
a) Chemical Test
Alkalinity, Bio-carbonate, Chlorides, Hardness (CaCo3), Magnesium, Potassium, Sulfate, Nitrate, Fluoride, Iron, Arsenic, Calcium, Copper, Zinc, Mercury, Copper, Ammonia, Nitrite, Selenium.
b) Microbiological Test
Total Coliforms, Fecal Coliforms, Escherichia Coli (E. Coli).
c) Physical Test
Color, Odour, Taste, Turbidity, Conductivity, pH, TDS, TSS
4. Noise Level
During the ambient air monitoring, the 24 hrs noise level monitoring was also conducted at the same locations and were compared with World Bank guideline and National Environmental Quality Standards.
The details result of each parameter analysis is provided in Section 4.1 of this ESMP.
1.7.2 Socio-Economic Baseline
Quantitative Sampling of Kurak, Khajjak, Dehpal and Marghazani Channels was carried out in March 2018. The sample size was 10-15. %.Out of 359 households, 51 households covered and interviewed during the suvey. The details of the socio-economic survey are provided in Chapter 5 and consists of:
Village profile Household socio-economic profile
1.8 Objectives of Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
Following are the objectives of the ESMP.
i. Identify social and environmental impacts of the subproject and related activities. ii. Suggest suitable measures for mitigation of identified impacts at planning, design and implementation stages of subproject and to avoid, eliminate or reduce adverse impacts if any. iii. Propose an environmental and social monitoring program to ensure that mitigation measures are implemented during the subproject execution and timely corrective actions are taken where required. iv. Propose the institutional arrangements required to implement and monitor the ESMP. v. To carry out monthly social and environmental monitoring and ensure compliances and reporting non-compliances in accordance with this ESMP. vi. Appointment of full-time ESMP staff on field, as given in section 8.2.1. vii. Capacity building of contractor and project staff.
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The ESMP shall be kept with the Contractor so that he may comply with its requirements. Any work executed by the Contractor, or on behalf of the Contractor (including sub-contractors), shall be in accordance with the ESMP.
1.9 Study Team
The details of the team members involved during the preparation of this ESMP and in various activities is provided in Appendix A.
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2 Regulatory and Policy Reviews
This chapter provides details of the national and provincial legislation, regulations, EPA guidelines and World Bank Operational Policies and guidelines which are relevant and applicable to the project.
Section 2.1: Provides the details of the World Bank Operational Policies
Section 2.2: Provides the details of the National and Provincial Legislative Framework
Section 2.3: International Conventions/Treaties
2.1 World Bank Operational Policies
The World Bank (WB) has approved a series of Operational Policies which define the conduct of WB operations. The safeguard policies provided in Table 2.1 are triggered to the project level and in accordance to Integrated Safeguard Data Sheet (ISDS). While a brief rationale of policies for each one on this specific sub-project which are triggered and not triggered are also summarized below. .
Table 2.1: Assessment of World Bank Policies in accordance to ISDS Directive Policy Status for sub-project Triggered Not Triggered Environmental Assessment OP/BP/GP 4.01 Natural Habitats OP/BP 4.04 Projects in Disputed Areas OP/BP/GP 7.60 X Indigenous Peoples OP 4.20/OP 4.10 X Physical Cultural Resource OP 11.03/OP 4.11 Forests OP/BP 4.36 X Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12 X Projects on International OP/BP/GP 7.50 X Waterways Pest Management OP 4.09 Safety of Dams OP/BP 4.37 X
2.1.1 Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)
The WB requires that an environmental assessment of all WB financed projects is carried out by the borrower to ensure that a project is environmentally sound and sustainable. As such, this policy has been triggered by Balochistan Integrated Water Resource Development Project (BIWRMDP). The environmental assessment for this project was completed by the team of Independent Advisors and consultants.
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The proposed BIWRMD Project is classified as Category A which means the project has potentially significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive and diverse. These impacts may affect areas bordering scheme sites. The EIA had been completed in accordance with the relevant Operational Policy (OP), to identify the extent and consequences of these impacts, and to develop an Environmental Management and Mitigation Plan. OP 4.01 states that a range of instruments can be used to satisfy the Bank’s EA requirement including:
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regional or Sectorial Environmental Audit Hazard or Risk Assessment Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) In accordance to the requirement Environmental and Social Management Plan for remaining channels of Nari Gorge Integrated scheme and will be implemented accordingly.
2.1.2 Natural Habitat (OP 4.04)
The following definition applies in this policy4:
- Natural habitats are land and water areas where (i) the ecosystems’ biological communities are formed largely by native plant and animal species, and (ii) human activity has not essentially modified the area’s primary ecological functions. - Crictical Natural Habitat where (i) existing protected areas and areas officially proposed by government as protected areas, and (ii) sites identified on supplementary list prepared by the Bank. - Significant conversion is the elimination or severe diminution of the integrity of a critical or other natural habitat caused by a major, long-term change in land or water use. - Degradation is modification of a critical or other natural habitat that substantially reduces the habitat's ability to maintain viable populations of its native species.
As there are no such natural habitat are present in the sub-project area, therefore, this policy is not triggered. Although this policy has not been triggered, specific requirements of the policy have been adopted in this ESMP. Namely, appropriate conservation and mitigation measures have been included such as: the removal of adverse impacts to habitats; mitigation measures to minimise the ecological damage; and, restoration of degraded habitats (tree plantation). Such measures are detailed in Chapter 6 (section 6.2.6 and 6.2.8).
2.1.3 Project in Disputed Areas (OP 7.60)
The sub-project area does not fall in any disputed areas. Therefore, the policy is not triggered.
2.1.4 Indigenous Peoples (OP 4.10)
This policy is triggered where a WB funded project has the potential to impact any distinct, vulnerable, social or cultural group possessing the following in varying degrees:
4 https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/PPFDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid=1568&ver=current
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Self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of this identity by others; Collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories in the project area and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories; Customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions that are separate from those of the dominant society and culture; and An indigenous language, often different from the official language of the country or region.
The only indigenous people recognized by the Government of Pakistan are the Kalash and they live in Chitral District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province. Indigenous peoples do not exist in the sub-project area; therefore, this policy is not triggered.
2.1.5 Physical Cultural Resource Plan (OP 4.11)
This policy is triggered where there is a potential impact to movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures and natural features and landscapes that have archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic or other cultural significance. The objective of this policy is to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts on physical cultural resources. In accordance with this policy, the project has completed a baseline survey of the sub-project area to identify physical cultural resources.
The sub-project activities will not cause impact to the physical, cultural resources; therefore, this policy is not triggered. A procedure to manage chance finds is also included. In case of any design changes which may harm, physical, cultural resources, complete assessment of the potential impacts, formulated mitigation measures shall be carried out.
2.1.6 Forest (OP 4.36)
This policy applies to the following WB funded projects where: The projects that have or may have impacts on the health and quality of forests; The projects that affect the rights and welfare of people and their level of dependence upon or interaction with forests; and Projects that aim to bring about changes in the management, protection, or utilization of natural forests or plantations, whether they are publicly, privately, or communally owned.
In sub-project location, there are no protected forest, therefore, this policy is not triggered.
2.1.7 Involuntary Resettlement (OP/ 4.12)
The WB policy on involuntary resettlement is triggered in any project with the potential to result in the involuntary taking of land which results in the relocation or loss of shelter, loss of assets or access to assets, or loss of income sources as well as involuntary restriction of access to legally designate parking and protected areas resulting in adverse impacts on livelihood.
There is no permanent land requirement for Khajjak, Dehphal, Marghazani, Kurak channels and two spate irrigation systems (Arrand and Bori). In addition, there will be no physical relocation of settlement or removal of structures in the sub-project area.
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However, this policy is triggered for the sub-project as a whole, as small parcels (5 acres approx.) of land were acquired, through VLD, on Bakhra Ghulam Bolak which is part of this sub-project (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme)5
2.1.8 Projects on International Waterways (OP 7.50)
This policy applies to the following types of international waterways: Any river, canal, lake, or similar body of water that forms a boundary between, or any river or body of surface water that flows through two or more states; Any tributary or other body of surface water that is a component of, any waterway described above; and Any bay, gulf, strait, or channel bounded by two or more states or, if within one state, recognized as a necessary channel of communication between the open sea and other state, and any river flowing into such waters.
This policy is not triggered as the Nari basin is not on international rivers as defined in OP 7.50. The Nari basin is within the geographic extent of the Indus River Basin and the Indus is an international river. However, the Nari River terminates in inland lakes before reaching the Indus River, hence it is not a tributary of the Indus.
2.1.9 Pest Management
In assisting borrowers to manage pests that affect either agriculture or public health, the WB supports a strategy that promotes the use of biological or environmental control methods and reduces reliance on synthetic chemical pesticides. In WB financed projects, the borrower must address pest management issues in the context of the project's environmental assessment The sub-project do not involve the use of pesticides, herbicides or fungicides, therefore this policy is not triggered.
2.1.10 Safety of Dams (OP 4.37)
This sub-project does not include the construction of a new dam or any works to an existing dam. Therefore, the policy is not triggered.
2.2 National and Provincial Legislative Framework
The national environmental and social relevant legislation, policies and guidelines of Pakistan, applicable/not applicable to this sub-project are summarized in table 2.2.
2.3 International Treaties
Pakistan is signatory to several Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). These MEAs set requirements and restrictions to varying degrees to the Member States in order to achieve the objectives
5 The details of permanent land required through VLD on Bakhra Ghulam Boak Channel are provided in already approved two channel ESMP, section 3.2.3, pg 44
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Table 2.2:National and Provincial Legislative Framework
Name of the Act Objectives under the Act Applicability Supervising Time Frame for the sub- Responsibility project and Monitoring Hazardous The objectives of the Hazardous Substance Applicable PSIA and PMU During Substance Rules to implement licensing requirements for establishment Rules 2003 the generation, collection, transport, of contractor’s (Draft) treatment, disposal, storage, handling and camps import of hazardous substances. The rule has not yet notified6.
Employment of The objectives of the Employment of Child Act Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Child Act, 1991 (ECA) 1991 disallows child labor in the Duration country. It also states that no child shall be employed or permitted to work in any of the occupation set forth in the ECA (such as transport sector railways, construction, and ports) or in any workshop wherein any of the processes defined in the Act is carried out7.
Factories Act This Act clearly defines the roles and Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project responsibilities of the factories, aims to ensure 1934 Duration the health and safety of workers and defines the basic facilities to be provided. The Factories Act also provides regulations for handling and disposal of toxic and hazardous materials. As construction activity is classified as ‘industry’, these regulations will be applicable to the sub-project construction contractor.
Protection of The Protection of Trees and Brushwood Act Applicable PSIA and PMU During Trees and prohibits illegal cutting or lopping of trees channel lining Brushwood Act along roads and canals planted by the Forest and widening (1949) Department. The matter of permission to works remove any trees, their compensation, and plantation to replace the lost trees will be taken up with the Balochistan Forest authorities.
Forest Act This federal Forestry Act of 1927 authorizes Applicable ------(1927) Provincial Forest Departments to establish forest reserves and protected forests. The Act prohibits any person to start a fire in a forest, quarry stone within a forest, remove any forest
6 http://environment.gov.pk/PRO_PDF/HAZ-RU03.PDF 7 http://www.na.gov.pk/uploads/documents/1335242011_887.pdf
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produce or cause any damage to the forest by cutting trees or clearing up the area for cultivation or any other purpose. All the works shall be carried out beyond the CoI. Balochistan This Act empowers the Provincial Government Not ------to protect cultural heritage in the Province. It Cultural Applicable empowers the government to compulsorily Heritage and acquire any heritage that could be lost to Preservation various threats. It states punitive action for the Act 2010 willful destruction of protected cultural heritage. Motor Vehicle The Motor Vehicle Ordinance deals with the Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Ordinance powers of the Motor Vehicle Licensing Duration (1995) Authorities and empowers other related agencies regulate traffic rules, vehicle speed and weight limits, and vehicle use, to erect traffic signs, and to prescribe special duties of drivers in case of accidents.
The Land The Land Acquisition Act (LAA) of 1894 is the Not ------key legislation that has direct relevance to Acquisition (LAA) Applicable. Act 1894 resettlement and compensation in Pakistan. Each province has its own interpretation of the All the private LAA, and some provinces have also passed land is provincial legislations. The Land Acquisition acquired (Balochistan Amendment) Act 1985 having through VLD been passed by the provincial assembly of Balochistan on 9th October 1985. The LAA process. and its implementation rules require that before implementation of any development project the privately-owned land and crops are compensated to titled landowners and/or registered tenants/users etc.
Based on the LAA, only legal owners and tenants registered with the Land Revenue Department or those possessing formal lease agreements are eligible for compensation. Under this Act, users of the Rights of Way (RoW) are not considered "affected persons" and thus not entitled to any mitigating measure, compensation, or livelihood support. High Way Safety The Highway Safety Ordinance includes Not ------Ordinance provisions for licensing and registration of Applicable (2000) vehicles and construction equipment; maintenance of road vehicles; traffic control agencies, penalties and procedures; and the establishment of a police force for motorways and national highways to regulate and control the traffic as well as keep the highways clear of encroachments. No high way or motor ways exists nearby to sub-project channel.
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Balochistan Balochistan Environmental Protection Act of Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Environmental 2012 provides the overarching provincial Duration Protection Act framework for the protection of the environment in Balochistan. It builds on the (2012) provisions of PEPA and localizes them in the provincial context and taking into account the following points:
Provisions for integrated watershed management; Regulation of sustainable abstraction of groundwater; Measures to protect human health and ecosystems; Any other provision necessary for the sustainable use and management of water resources. A land owner or individual who uses the land on which any activity or process is performed or undertaken which causes or is likely to cause significant pollution of a water resource must take measures to prevent any such pollution8.
Balochistan This legislation is guided primarily by the Applicable PSIA and PMU Entire Project Wildlife principle of ensuring the protection, Duration preservation preservation, promotion, conservation, management and sustainable development of protection wild animals in recognition of their position as conservation key components of biological diversity with and social, cultural, economic and ecological management significance for the present and future Act 2014 generations. It further encourages the active (BWPPCMA) participation of local communities in the protection of wildlife resources in the Province. Community participation is further encouraged through economic incentives and benefit sharing. The Act embraces the principle of co-management of protected areas and the promotion of livelihood activities in protected areas. The proposed project activities will be conducted in compliance with the requirement of this Act9.
Canal and The Balochistan Canal and Drainage Applicable PMU BIWRMD Drainage Ordinance, entitles the Provincial government Project Ordinance to use and control, for public purposes, water duration ------of all rivers and streams flowing in natural (Amended 2000 - channels, of lakes, sub-soil and other natural & 2006) collection of still water. The Ordinance empowers the government to define, in
8 Environmental Assessment-BIWRMD 9 https://www.elaw.org/system/files/balochistan_environment_protection_act_2012-1.pdf
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identifying areas, a cropping pattern for controlling waterlogging and soil salinity. The government may also impose a ban on cultivation of certain crops in the situated outside the canal command area and can, in the event of any violation, impose penalties in terms of punishment and fine.
Balochistan This Act provides for the establishment of the Applicable PSIA and PMU During Water and Water and Sanitation Authority. The Authority contractors Sanitation Act, is responsible for providing an adequate camp supply of potable water and for eliminating 1989 construction waterborne diseases through the provision of effective sewerage and sanitation systems. The Act defines the composition of the Authority and its powers and functions. The Authority is empowered to issue licenses, set charges and recover revenues for the services provided, authorize the discharge of industrial waste into sewerage or sanitation systems, and protect water resources and water supply systems from sources of contamination or pollution10.
Minimum This ordinance provide support to employee Applicable PSIA Through the Wages that each employer shall be responsible to sub-project Ordinance 1969 paid minimum wages to all unskilled/ unskilled workers employed, either directly or through a contractor, as per prescribed rate of government of Pakistan.
Work men This law deals with the payment of Applicable PSIA Entire project compensation compensation by the employer to work or duration Act 1923 workman (not officer) when he meets with an accident during his working period. Natural disabilities are excluded from the compulsory payment of compensation. Occurrence of accident after the working hours in outside the working premises in also excluded from the payment of compensation. Only such accidents are covered under this law which occurs due to the work for which worker is employed.
The Bonded According to this act, forced labour is any type Applicable PSIA/PMU Entire project Labor System of work or kind of service in which someone duration (Abolition) Act engages involuntarily and under implied coercion a manifest threat of a party or 1992 oppression measures. The bonded labor can
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exist in following forms under different situations: Bonded labor in exchange of advance/an amount of money given before services are rendered, received by a person or his family. Bonded labor as a consequences of some social or customary obligations. Bonded labor in exchange of an economic benefit/consideration received by a person or his family, Bonded labor of a guarantor in exchange for debtor who was unable to pay off his debt. Bonded labor is prevalent in agriculture sector, brick kilns, domestic work and begging.
Balochistan The Balochistan Irrigation and Drainage Applicable PMU During Irrigation and Authority (BIDA) Act of 1997 transformed the formation and Drainage Act Irrigation wing of the Irrigation Department into registration of an autonomous Authority for development and 1997 FOs. management of irrigation, drainage and flood control infrastructure. BIDA exercises powers under the Balochistan Canal and Drainage Ordinance and the Balochistan Groundwater Rights Administration Ordinance to formulate and implement policy guidelines regarding water management and use. It is responsible for developing a sustainable irrigation and drainage network through equitable distribution of irrigation water to improve the efficiency of water utilization while minimizing drainage surplus. The proposed BIWRMD Project will need to be cognizant of BIDA (1997) regulations, especially for organizing and registering farmer organizations. The regulations for registration of farmer organizations were approved and issued in 2000. A registrar appointed by BIDA is responsible for registering and maintain the operations of registered farmer organizations11.
The Protection This act provide shelter to women working in Applicable PSIA/PMU Entire Project Against any field. Harassment” means any unwelcome duration Harassment of sexual advance, request for sexual favors’ or other verbal or written communication or Women at the physical conduct of a sexual nature or sexually Work Place Act demeaning attitudes, causing interference 2010
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with work performance or creating an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment, or the attempt to punish the complainant for refusal to comply to such a request or is made a condition for employment.
Table 2.3: International Treaties S. No International Treaties Objectives of Treaties Applicability 1 Convention on CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered No International Trade in Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) is an international agreement Endangered Species between governments. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in (CITES) specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.
2 The Ramsar The Convention on Wetlands, called the Ramsar Convention, is the No Convention (the intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for the Convention on conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources. Wetlands of International Importance)
3 Paris climate accord Paris climate agreement is an agreement within the United Nations (Convention on Climate Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) dealing Yes Change dealing with with greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. greenhouse gas emission
4 UN Framework The UNFCCC convention is an international environmental treaty No Convention on Climate negotiated at the earth summit in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June Change (UNFCCC) 1992, then entered into force on 21 March 1994. The ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
5 Kyoto Protocol The Kyoto protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992 No UNFCCC on climate change to fight global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to "a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
6 Montreal Protocol The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone No Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion.
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7 Basel Convention The Basel Convention on the Control of Trans boundary Movements Yes of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
8 Convention on The Convention on Biological Diversity was the outcome of the ‘Earth Yes Biological Diversity Summit’ held in Rio-de-Janeiro in 1992, The convention has 3 main objectives: The conservation of biological diversity The sustainable use of the components of biological diversity The fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources
9 Convention for the It was developed by the international maritime organization in an No Prevention of Pollution effort to minimize pollution of the oceans and seas, including from Ships (MARPOL) dumping, oil and air pollution.
10 UN Convention on the This law of the sea convention defines the right and responsibilities of No Law of the Seas nations with respect to their use of the world oceans, establishing (UNCLOS) guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources.
11 Stockholm Convention Stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants is an No on Persistent Organic international environmental treaty, signed in 2001 and effective from Pollutants (POPs) May 2004, that aims to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).
12 Cartagena Protocol The Cartagena protocol on Biosafety to the convention on Biological No Diversity is an international agreement on biosafety as a supplement to the convention on Biological Diversity effective since 2003. The Biosafety protocol seek to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by genetically modified organisms resulting from modern Biotechnology.
13 UN Convention to The UNCCD in those countries which experience serious droughts. No Combat Desertification The objectives of this convention to combat desertification in (UNCCD) countries experiencing serious droughts and/or desertification are to combat desertification and mitigate the effort of drought with a view to contributing to the achievement of sustainable development in affected areas.
2.3.1 ILO Conventions – Ratifications for Pakistan
Pakistan has ratified 08 fundamental and 26 technical ILO conventions in which following are relevant to the sub-project and summarized in the following table:
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Table 2.4: ILO Conventions S. No ILO Conventions– Objectives Applicability Rectification for Pakistan 1 C029 - Forced Labor Article 1 of the convention states each member undertakes Yes to suppress the use of forced or compulsory labor in all its Convention, 1930 (No. forms within the shortest possible period. Article 2 of the 29) convention states that the term forced or compulsory labor shall mean all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily.
2 C111 - Discrimination For the purpose of this Convention, discrimination includes Yes any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis (Employment and of race, color, sex, religion, political opinion, national Occupation) extraction or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying Convention, 1958 (No. or impairing equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or occupation. 111)
3 C138 - Minimum Age Article 1 of the convention states that Each Member which Yes ratifies this Convention shall specify, in a declaration Convention, 1973 (No. appended to its ratification, a minimum age for admission 138) to employment or work within its territory and on means of transport registered in its territory; subject to Articles 4 to 8 of this Convention, no one under that age shall be admitted to employment or work in any occupation.
4 C001 - Hours of Work The term industrial undertaking under this convention Yes includes (c) construction, reconstruction, maintenance, (Industry) Convention, repair, alteration, or demolition of any building, railway, 1919 (No. 1) tramway, harbour, dock, pier, canal, inland waterway, road, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, sewer, drain, well, telegraphic or telephonic installation, electrical undertaking, gas work, waterworks or other work of construction, as well as the preparation for or laying the foundations of any such work or structure; Article 2 of the Convention states that the working hours of persons employed in any public or private industrial undertaking or in any branch thereof, other than an undertaking in which only members of the same family are employed, shall not exceed eight in the day and forty- eight in the week. The limit of hours of work prescribed in Article 2 may be exceeded in case of accident, actual or threatened, or in case of urgent work to be done to machinery or plant, or in case of "force majeure", but only so far as may be necessary to avoid serious interference with the ordinary working of the undertaking.
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3 Description of Engineering Activities
This chapter provides the details of the engineering activities, construction schedule, and various construction phase activities such as; construction of diversion channels and contractor camp locations to be executed out at Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme.
3.1 Engineering Activities/Interventions
The construction activities at the Khajjak, Dehpal, Marghazani, Kurak, spate irrigation system (Arand and Bori) includes; the construction of lined channels, main distribution structures, time diversion structures, outlets, pipe culverts, spur, syphons, guide bunds etc. The details of engineering activities that are to be carried out at each channel are provided in the table below12.
Table 3.1: Nari Gorge Integrated Sub-Project Activities S. No Main Channels List of Construction Activities 1 Khajjak Channel Construction of Khajjak channel (48688.00 Meter) Construction of Main Distribution Structure Construction of Road Culvert (31 Nos.) Construction of Syphons (34-Nos) Construction of Super passages (22 Nos.) Construction of Time Division Structure. (02-Nos) Construction of Distribution (06-Nos) Construction of Naka/Outlets (97-Nos) 2 Arand (Spate irrigation Construction of Arand Channel (1068.00 Meter) System) Construction of Bifurcation Structure-01 Construction of Bifurcation Structure-01 Construction of Arand Earthen work Construction of Arand Guide Bund U/S Construction of Arand Protection Bund
3 Bori (Spate irrigation Construction of Channel Bori-(1123.00 Meter) System) Construction of Bifurcation Structure-01 Construction of Bifurcation Structure-01 Construction of Bifurcation Earthen work-02
12 Contract Documents/Bidding Documents
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4 Dehpal Channel Construction of Channel Dehpal-(32690.00 Meters) Construction of Main Distribution Structure Construction of Road culverts (35-Nos) Construction of Syphon (01-Nos) Construction of Distribution-(06-Nos) Construction of Outlets/ Mugha (97-Nos) Construction of Fall Structure (01-Nos) 5 Marghazani Channel Construction of Marghazani Channel Length-(40200 Meters) Construction of Channel Distribution Structures-02 Nos. Construction of Time Division Structure (01-Nos) Construction of Outlets (197-Nos) 6 Kurak Channel Construction of Kurak Channel Construction of Distribution Structure Kurak Channel Construction of Road Culverts Construction of Syphon (01 No) Construction of Time Diversion Structure Construction of Outlet (16 Nos)
The following figures of the general layout plans of all sub-project channels13 provide the location of proposed irrigation structures and existing alignment14 channels:
13 Khajjak, Dehpal, Kurak, Marghazani Channels and Arand and Bori (spate irrigation system) 14 There shall be no change in alignment of channels and spate irrigation system mentioned above.
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Figure 3.1:The general layout plan of Khajjak Channel
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Figure 3.2:General Layout Plan of Kurak Channel
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Figure 3.3General Layout of Marghazani Channel
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Figure 3.4:General Layout Plan of Dehpal Channel
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Figure 3.5:Layout Plan of Arand Spate Irrigation System
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Figure 3.6: Layout Plan Bori Spate Irrigation System
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3.2 Operational Phase Activities
3.2.1 Channels Lining and Widening
The existing channels shall be re-constructed by carrying out concrete lining works in the entire channel prism. The widening of the existing channels will be achieved, as per design X-section or engineering drawings. There is no permanent land requirement for remaning channels.
3.3 Temporary Diversions
All the sub-project channels and spate irrigation system (Arand and Bori) will be constructed within its existing alignments. To ensure consistent flow of water to the downstream side, temporary diversion shall be constructed, in phases and as required along the length of the channel, during channel lining and widening works.
The temporary diversion15 will be required for the construction of lined channels, outlets, pipe culverts, spur, syphon’s, super passages main distribution structure, road culverts, time diversion structures. All land needs for temporary diversions or construction purposes will be met through an agreement between the contractor and the local community and will be the responsibility of contractor and in accordance to the provisions of RPF for the Project. After completion of civil works, all land used for temporary needs will be returned to its owner in its pre-construction condition.
3.4 Construction Schedule
The following table provides the details and timeline of pre-construction and construction phase activities to be carried out at different channels of Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme.16
Table 3.2: Construction Schedule S.No Sub-Project Activities Start of Activities Pre-Construction Phase Activities 1 Site Survey and Joint Demarcation of sites with PMU 1 Month (Nov-17) and PSIA Consultants 2 Selection of suitable sites for establishment of camp 1 Month (Nov-17) 3 Establishment of Camp 3 Month (Nov17-Jan18) 4 Relevant Staff Deputation for start of Work 1 Month (Jan 18-Feb18) 5 Mobilization of Machinery and Equipment 2 Month (Feb 18 -Mar18)
Construction Activities at Dehpal Channel 1 Bush Clearance and Stripping of the canal foot print May to Sept-18 (Intermittent activity) 2 Earth Work for Canal embankment/Diversion Oct-18 to April-19 Channels 3 Excavation of Design Canal Prism Oct-18-Sept-19 (Intermittent activity)
15 There shall be no change in alignment of these channels 16 The timelines of pre-construction and construction phase activities were submitted by the contractor at the time of bidding of Nari gorge integrated scheme. As the work is still not executed, therefore, the contractor shall re-submit the revise work plan to PSIA of Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme, following the approval of this ESMP
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4 Concrete lining of the Canal Nov18-Sept19 19 (Intermittent activity) 5 Construction of Hydraulic Structure on Canal Nov18-May 2020 19 (Intermittent activity) Construction Activities at Kurak Channel 1 Bush clearance and stripping of the canal foot print July18-Sept 18 2 Earthwork for canal embankment/diversion of Aug-Nov 18 channels 3 Excavation of Design Canal Prism Sept18-Jan19 4 Concrete lining of the canal Oct-18-Jan-19 5 Construction of Hydraulic structure on Canal Oct18-Feb 19 (Intermittent activity) Construction Activities at Khajjak Channel 1 Bush clearance and stripping of the canal foot print May-18-Aug 18 (Intermittent activity) 2 Earthwork for canal embankment/diversion of Oct-18-April 19 channels 3 Excavation of Design Canal Prism Nov-18-Sept 19 (Intermittent activity) 4 Concrete lining of the canal Dec18-Feb 2020 (Intermittent activity) 5 Construction of Hydraulic structure on Canal Nov-18-May 2020 (Intermittent activity) Construction Activities Marghazani Channel 1 Bush clearance and stripping of the canal foot print Oct 18-Sept 18 2 Earthwork for canal embankment/diversion of Dec18-Nov19 (Intermittent activity) channels 3 Excavation of Design Canal Prism Jan19-Jan 2020 4 Concrete lining of the canal Feb 19-Feb 2020 5 Construction of Hydraulic structure on Canal Feb-19-May 2020 (Intermittent activity) Bori Channel (Spate Irrigation System) 1 Bush clearance and stripping of the canal foot print Dec-18-Feb19 2 Earthwork for canal embankment/diversion of Feb19-Mar 19 channels 3 Concrete lining of canal March19-April 19 4 Earth Work for bifurcation of structures Feb19-Nov 19 (Intermittent activity) 5 Construction of Bifurcation structure 1 & 2 August 19-Mar 20 Arand Channel (Spate Irrigation System) 1 Bush clearance and stripping of the canal foot print Dec18-Feb19 2 Earthwork for canal embankment/diversion of Feb19-Mar 19 channels 3 Concrete lining of canal March19-April 19 4 Earth Work for bifurcation of structures Feb19-Nov 19 (Intermittent activity) 5 Construction of Bifurcation structure 1 & 2 August 19-Mar 20
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Figure 3.7: Work and Construction Schedule
2017 2018 2019 2020 S. NoActivity Timeline O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M
Pre-Construction Activities 1 Site Survey and Joint Demarcation of Sites with PMU and project1month Consultants Off Season Off Season
2 Selection of suitable site for establishment of camp 1 month
3 Establishment of Camp 1 month
4 Relevant Staff Deputation for start of works 1 month
5 Mobilization of Machinery and Equipment 1 month
Construction Activities
6 Construction of Dephal Channel ( 32.7 km) 18 months Bush Clearance and Stripping of the Canal Footprint Earthwork for Canal Embankment / Diversion Channels Excavation of Design Canal Prism Concrete Linning of the Canal Construction of Hydraulic Structures on Canal
6 Construction of Kurruk Channel ( 8.23 km) 8 months Bush Clearance and Stripping of the Canal Footprint Earthwork for Canal Embankment / Diversion Channels Excavation of Design Canal Prism Concrete Linning of the Canal Construction of Hydraulic Structures on Canal
7 Construction of Khajjak Channel ( 48.68 km) 24 months Bush Clearance and Stripping of the Canal Footprint Earthwork for Canal Embankment / Diversion Channels Excavation of Design Canal Prism Concrete Linning of the Canal Construction of Hydraulic Structures on Canal
8 Construction of Marghazani Channel ( 40.20 km) 18 months Bush Clearance and Stripping of the Canal Footprint Earthwork for Canal Embankment / Diversion Channels Excavation of Design Canal Prism Concrete Linning of the Canal Construction of Hydraulic Structures on Canal
9 Construction of Bori Channel ( 1.12 km) 18 months Bush Clearance and Stripping of the Canal Footprint and Structures Earthwork for Canal Embankment / Diversion Channels/Trimming Works Concrete Linning of the Canal Earthwork for Bifurcation Structures Construction of Bifurcation Structures 1 & 2
10 Construction of Arand Channel ( 1.07 km) 18 months 13.1 Bush Clearance and Stripping of the Canal Footprint and Structures 13.2 Earthwork for Canal Embankment / Diversion Channels/Trimming Works 13.3 Earthwork for Bifurcation Structures and Guide Bunds 13.4 Construction of Bifurcation Structures 1 & 2
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3.4.1 Labor Requirement
At peak of construction activity, up to 144 laborers are likely to be employed for the works at Khajjak, Dehpal, Marghazani, Kurak channels and two spate irrigation system (Arand and Bori). These laborers will be resident on site for the construction period2 and in accordance with the contractor work plan, as given in Section 3.4. It is anticipated that approximately 75% of the workforce will be from the sub-project area while some 25% of labor (skilled) would be hired from outside the sub-project area. The mitigation measures provided in Section 6.3.5.1 will be followed by the contractor.
3.4.2 Jungle Clearance
The vegetation cover and trees will be removed from the right of way of the existing channels. The vegetation cover includes different type of spcies suchas; Alernathera nodiflora, Aristola bracteata, Sonchus oleraqceus, Aerua javanica, Carthamus oxycantha, Heliotropium crispum, H. strigosum, Capparis decidua, Abutilon indicum, Xanthium indicum, Datura fastousa, Tamarix dioica , T. Prosopis glandulosa (Devi), Calotropis procera (Akk) and trees. In total 4,293 number of trees exits only along two channes (Khajjak and Marghazani), out of which 249 number of trees will be felled.There are no any endangered tree species found in the sub-project area which are going to be cleared. Before the commencement of these activities, contractor, along with PSIA and PIU, will prepare and maintain an inventory of 249 trees which are expected to be felled and the data to be recorded, including name of the species and girth. During the jungle clearance operation, the guideline of ECOPs on protection of flora provided in Table 9, Appendix B shall be implemented by the contractor.
Figure 3.8:View of different vegetation Cover Figure 3.9:Another View of different vegetation along the channel
3.4.3 Right of Way (RoW)
The Right of Way (RoW) has been considered as the area along the existing earthen canals and weirs where the proposed engineering works are to be carried out. Following the General Drawings of Feasibility Study, the RoW for the channels is decided 8 meters from center on either side.
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3.4.4 Corridor of Impact (CoI)
The corridor of Impact (CoI) is considered the sub-project command area in wherein there could be an impact when the irrigation system is improved and expanded. Therefore, the environmental, socio- economic and other relevant surveys are conducted in this area.
3.5 Water Supply
During construction, water will be required for both construction activities and for consumption by all project personnel. In the sub-project area, however, direct consumption of ground and surface water is not suitable for drinking, therefore, the contractor shall make alternative arrangements of water supply (drinking) as well as test the quality of water supply before consumption15. Further guideline of ECOPs on water resource management are provided in Table 1, Appendix B shall be implemented accordingly.
The community will be made aware of and consulted regarding all water supply requirements and arrangements through the contractor’s community liaison officer. It will be ensured that the community’s water supply is not compromised or negatively impacted and requisite mitigation measures (if required) will be set in place.
3.5.1 Use of Machinery and Equipment
It is estimated that the equipment given in the table below shall be required to complete the different sub- project engineering activities.
Table 3.3: Machinery and Tools/Equipment Required for Earthworks and Civil Work Machinery Equipment Estimated Quantity Excavator (0.58 m3) 15 Dozer 12 Motor grader 08 Dump truck 12 Concrete pump 10 Portable welder 15 Steel bar cutter 12 Steel bar bender 12 Concrete vibrator 20 Welding Machine 20 Oil tank 04
3.6 Establishment of Contractor Camps
3.6.1 Siting of all Contractor Camps
The contractor will apply the following conditions to all contractor camps:
Locate construction camps at least 500m (1,000 ft.) away from communities in order to avoid social conflict over use of natural resources such as water, and/or to avoid the possible adverse impacts of the presence of construction camps on surrounding/nearby communities.
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Where appropriate, the local authorities responsible for health, dispute resolution, religious and security matters will be duly informed regarding the set-up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance of public health, social impacts and security.
Land required temporarily for the construction and establishment of contractor camp will be organised by and be the responsibility of the contractor.
In case land is taken from a private individual or public entity the contractor has to sign a temporary lease agreement and will follow RPF guidelines for meeting land needs.Once the works are completed, the contractor will return the land to the owner in its original condition with no remnant of waste material, debris etc.
This main camp site may include the following facilities:
Material storage Workshops Material testing laboratory Site offices Contractors accommodation Labor camp, including welfare facilities such as kitchen and dining room: Labour in this camp may reside overnight and may belong to areas outside the sub-project area. Drinking water and sanitation facilities Medical facilities Sewage disposal system and power generators
Most of this area will be for the storage of extra construction material, parking, manufacturing and fabrication yard, and an office and dormitory. The contractor may propose the location of the main camp, as per his own work methodology and must meet the requirement of this ESMP. The ECOPs guidelines for the construction and management of contractor camps (main and sub-camps) are given in Table 14, Appendix B shall be implemented accordingly.
3.6.2 Contractor Sub-Camps
Due to the large extent of the sub-project area, the contractor shall establish sub camps at various locations near to their work sites. These camps shall be like the main camp, but on a smaller scale and include similar facilities. The contractor is required to make arrangements for the use of the area with the land-owner or the relevant department i.e. irrigation. While the final location of the sub-camps shall be decided by the contractor and shall be dependent upon his chosen methodology and program, the following sub camp locations are proposed and the condition specified in Section 3.6.1 will apply.
Table 3.4: Proposed Locations of Sub-Camps S. No Sub-Camp Locations Channel Sites 1. Sub-Camp 1 Marghazani Channel
2. Sub-Camp 2 Dehpal Channel
3. Sub-Camp 3 Kurak Channel
4. Sub-Camp-4 Khajjak Channel
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5. Sub-Camp-5 Bori Spate Irrigation System
6. Sub-Camp-6 Arand Irrigation System
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Figure 3.10: Proposed Sub-Camp Locations
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3.6.3 Standards for the Construction of Workers Accommodation
Following the best practices, the main and sub-camp for contractor and labor/workers would follow standards given in the below: Table 3.5: General Camp Site Best Practice Guidelines Activity Guidelines Provision of Camp Provide; Facilities Lined washing areas In-house common entertainment facilities. Septic tanks and soaking pits; Solid waste management. Fire prevention and fire fighting equipment Separate from living quarters, sheltered kitchen area. Safe drinking water supply which meets the national standards Minimum space allocated per person should be 4 square meters (assuming a height of 2.4 m). Appropriate protection against heat, cold, damp noise, fire and disease-carrying animals, in particular insects. Lighting and electricity supply Ventilation facility with availability electricity, fans Roads and paths Adequate number of toilets and sanitary fitting shall be provided. (1 toilet, 1 hand wash basin, 1 bathroom with bench per 10 persons to be provided. Provide plain cemented washable floor for easy cleaning in the kitchen and living areas Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. Provide separate latrines and bathing places for males and females with total isolation by wall or by location. Female toilets should be clearly marked in a language understood by the persons using them to avoid miscommunication. Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks to suppress dust and to work against possible muddy surface during monsoon. Cooking Provide a sheltered and ventilated kitchen area which is separated from living quarters Provide fuel to the construction camps for their daily purpose use, in order to discourage them to use fuel wood or other biomass. Make available alternative fuels like natural gas or kerosene to the workforce to prevent them using biomass for cooking. Health and Hygiene Provide adequate drainage facilities throughout the camps to ensure that disease vectors habitats (stagnant water bodies, puddles) do not form. Place display boards at strategic locations within the camps containing messages on best hygienic Provide initial health screening of the laborers coming from outside areas Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work. Provide adequate health care facilities within camp sites. Provide first aid facility round the clock. Maintain stock of medicines in the facility and appoint a doctor on site. Provide transport facility for the laborers during emergency to be transported to the nearest hospitals Provide HIV awareness programming, including STI (sexually transmitted infections) and HIV information, education and communication for all workers on a regular basis Safety Availability of fire extinguishers inside the camps Provide appropriate type of fire fighting equipment suitable for the construction camps Display emergency contact numbers clearly and prominently in strategic places in camps. Encourage use of flameproof material for the construction of labor housing/site office. Ensure that these houses/rooms are of sound construction and capable of withstanding storms/cyclones Communicate the roles and responsibilities of laborers in case of emergency in the monthly meetings with contractors.
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Activity Guidelines Provide appropriate security personnel (police /home guard or private security guards) and enclosures to prevent unauthorized entry into the camp area. Drainage Regularly inspect and maintain drains Provide drainage system to transfer sewage effluent to the septic tank with a soakage pit of adequate capacity Divert natural rainfall runoff around site location Provide adequate storm water drainage capacity to prevent accumulation of stagnant water following heavy rains Build new shallow v drainage lines as required for wastewater/rain water run off to the nearby recipient water body The presence of stagnant water is a factor of proliferation of potential disease vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, etc., and must be avoided and way from camp sites and the community. Site Restoration Backfill waste and sewage pits Consider seeding the area to provide an initial protective canopy Give prior notice to the laborer before demolishing their camps/units Maintain the noise levels within the national standards during demolition activities Reuse the camp material to the maximum extent. Dispose remaining debris at the designated waste disposal site. To restore the site to its original condition or to an agreed condition with the landowner defined prior to the commencement of the works (in writing). Dismantle and remove from the site all facilities established within the construction camp, including the perimeter fence and lockable gates at the completion of the construction work. Decommission and fill drinking water wells (unless otherwise arranged with the landowner) If possible, dismantle camps in phases as the work decreases (do not wait for completion of the entire work)
3.6.4 Site Access
As the existing Inspection and Non-Inspection paths of the channels are not accessible, therefore, the contractor shall utilize the existing roads and Kacha routes (dirt road) to access all channel and construction sites. The contractor will be responsible to manage and make own make arrangements to reach their work stations.The contractor shall avoid such routes which trespass the local community or settlement and ensures that the mobility and access of the community (residential/economic) is not restricted by the construction activities. The assessment along with mitigation on environmental and social aspects are further provided in Environmental and Social Impact and Mitigations (Section 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.3.2, 6.4.3, and 6.4.4).
The contractor will ensure the following guidelines are adhered at site:
A community Liaison Officer will be appointed by the contractor to address mobility issues of the contractor and local community; Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to PSIA for their approval; Use water browsers on access routes to minimize the production of dust. Increase the watering frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. High winds); Operate road traffics/transport vehicles, if possible, at non-peak periods to minimise traffic disruptions; Provide flag persons where construction plant and vehicles cross, or join, main roads in the sub-project area to ensure project traffic merges safely with public traffic. Signage and flag men are to be provided by the contractor to direct public traffic whenever it is necessary to partially close any public road (i.e. close one of two carriage ways).
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Blockage of local roads and routes shall be minimized. If unavoidable, consultation with the affected communities will be carried out and alternate routes (by-passes) will be identified and notified to the local community. All drivers engaged by contractors must hold a valid license for the vehicle they are operating, and a speed limit of 15 km/hr on site roads will be enforced. Ensure uninterrupted traffic movement during construction: detailed drawings of traffic arrangements showing all detours, temporary road, temporary diversions, necessary barricades, warning signs/lights, road signs, etc. Install and maintain a display traffic and warning sign board at each important road intersection on the roads to be used during construction works, which shall clearly show the information in local language. Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) shall not be used. Restrict the transport of oversize loads.
3.6.5 Storage of Materials
The materials which to be stored at construction sites will include cement, sand, steel, crush and other chemical drums (i.e. Admixtures) etc. All these materials shall be kept as per their nature or type and will store in separate compartments in accordance to their nature at each camp. The further ECOPs guideline on the storage of materials are provided in Table 4, Appendix B shall be implemented accordingly.
3.6.6 Waste Management & Disposal
The main types of waste expected to be generated and requiring disposal include:
Waste generated during construction; Fuel, oils, and chemicals; Sewage; Campsite waste; Medical waste; Demolition waste; Packing waste; and, Excess construction material.
Domestic waste and construction waste will be the main types of waste generated from camps and construction activities. The following disposal techniques shall be adopted17:
Table 3.6: Waste Management collection and disposal Techniques Activity Best Practice Generation of Implement resource conservation, and encourage staff (through training) to reduce Construction waste waste, reuse waste and recycle waste wherever possible Disposal of bio- Collect all bio-degradable domestic camp waste and dispose of at the designated landfill degradable domestic area or compost area waste Disposal of non- Dispose of in landfill or at a licensed waste disposal site in Sibi biodegradable waste Do not burn materials which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances (non-recyclable) (see NEQS)
17 EIA & MP-WSIP
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Activity Best Practice Disposal of recyclable Sell recyclable waste to local vendors waste Generation of sanitary Provide latrines at all camps waste Prohibit staff from fouling the site Collection of domestic Provide garbage bins, at a radius of the 50ft for the collection of domestic camp waste waste Arrange for regular collection of camp waste and transfer to a storage area / disposal Collect non-biodegradable waste separately and dispose of at licensed waste disposal area Enforce use of garbage bins and prevent littering of the site Disposal of sanitary Treat sanitary waste with septic tanks at main camps waste Dispose of sanitary waste through burial at temporary and sub camps Incineration of waste No fire are allowed in open. on site Do not burn materials such as plastics and polyethylene which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances. Collected and disposed off waste in municipal waste dumping points. Generation of Reduce construction waste by reusing waste as a fill material (prior to testing to confirm construction waste suitability of material) Siting landfill Site landfill in an area where ground water is low If possible and their base of landfill is highly permeable, line landfill base with an impervious layer (such as clay) to prevent ground water contamination from leachate. Locate 500m away from residences Provide fences and secure landfill area to prevent unauthorised access Collection of Collect construction waste separately to domestic waste construction waste Collect and remove all construction waste from the project area Disposal of Reuse material as fill material or sell to local vendors construction waste Sell or reuse gates removed from structures Treat construction wastes water and dispose of after treatment Do not burn materials which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances Disposal of packaging Request suppliers to minimize packaging where practical Recycle or incinerate in burn pit or incinerator Do not burn materials which may lead to the release of toxic or hazardous substances Disposal of medical Incineration at nearby hospital (or equivalent facility) waste Disposal of hazardous Handover to specialized and certified disposal contractor waste (fuel, oils, admixture chemicals, batteries)
Further details on the best practices of waste management and disposal are provided in Table 3, Appendix B.
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4 Environmental Baseline
This baseline chapter provide the details of physical and biological environment in the project channel locations.
4.1 Physical Environment
4.1.1 Water Resources
There is a rich tradition of water rights and local water management in the project area. Local people provide considerable insights. The line Departments normally consult the local people while developing water management and development plans and take advantage of best water management practices followed by the local people. Watershed management is almost a neglected area and hardly given any priority. The reasons for lack of integration of watershed management as a part of water development schemes are: a) inability of the Forestry Department to demonstrate cost-effective ways of implementing watershed management practices; b) failure in linking watershed management with livelihood generation; and c) lack of development of watershed landscaping to develop sustainable models for livelihood generation and reduced soil erosion resulting in reduced sediment inflows to the reservoir.
The specific needs of water and watershed management can be assessed using a basin approach and at the level of a valley. The major task for the Irrigation Department is to work with the local people to reach consensus on the nature of the problem, and to get their assistance in solving it.
The Indus Basin canal irrigation contributes 85% (12.274 billion m3) of the available water resources in the Nari River Basin. The groundwater recharge in this basin is around 0.874 billion m3 or 6% of the total resource. The total water available outside the Indus basin, surface water constitutes around 60% and the groundwater contributes rest of the 40%.
Table 4.1: Distribution of Water System (Nari Canal) S. No Name of Channel Share in Cusec 1 Agriculture Sibi 1.66 2 Luni 6.64 3 Gulu Shaher 6.64 4 Bakhra Ghulam Bolak 3.32 5 Khajjak 26.57 6 Usman 1.66 7 Bakhra Shahkar Khan 3.32 8 Safi Dost Muhammad 3.32 9 Kurak Branch 9.96 10 Water Supply 1.66 11 Beef Center 1.66 12 Municipal Minor 6.64 13 Railway 1.66 14 Sibi Branch 13.70
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4.1.2 Water Quality (Surface and Ground Water)
The Nari River Basin feeds water to its integrated channels in accordance to the distribution of the water Nari Canal system. The peoples of the surrounding villages and Sibi City often use surface water for domestic and irrigation purpose. A lot of water for agriculture crop production and drinking purposes is also withdraw from ground water sources, but surface water is considered as a major source. Due to the degradation of Rangeland and erosion the Nari River basins have lost considerable ability to recharge groundwater.
Photo 4.1: Disposal of Sewage waste in Khajjak Channel Photo 4.2:Another view of direct disposal of sewage waste
During the baseline study, 16 samples of ground and surface water were collected from upstream and downstream of sub-project channels. These samples were examined for physical, biological and chemical parameters and accordingly were compared with the NDWQs. During the comparison, it is assessed that total coliform, fecal coliform, escherichia coli, potassium, nitrite, iron, ammonia levels were found above the permissible limit in both (SW & GW) samples, due to non-availbility of sanitation system, and direct discharge of sewerage waste into channels which has deteriorated surface water quality and ground water quality through continuous leaching. The results of various parameters found high of ground water samples are presented in the table below.
Table 4.2: Ground Water Quality Sample Results S.No Parameters NSDWQ Upstream Downstream Limits/Units (tail end) Khajjak Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 450 600 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 400 410 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 181 190 Color < 15.0 TCU 219 219 Taste Non- Objectionable Objectionable Objectionable Odour Non- Objectionable Objectionable Objectionable
Nitrite NO2 <3 ml/l 43.6 43.8
Sulphate SO4 250 ml/l 136.2 138.4 Potassium (K) 10 ml/ 40.8 41.6
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 ml/l 1.0 1.0 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.8 2.9
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Dehpal Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 500 510 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 300 315 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 100 110 Color <15.0 TCU 16.7 16.6
Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 46.1 46.2 Potassium 10 mg/l 43.9 43 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.2 2.2
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 0.7 0.7 Kurak Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 375 380 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 135 140 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 70 90 Color <15.0 TCU 16.8 16.9
Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 3.94 3.94 Potassium 10 mg/l 39.0 40. Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 1.6 1.3
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 0.7 0.8 Marghazani Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 450 500 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 350 400 Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) 0 Cfu/100 185 190 Color <15.0 TCU 219 219 Mercury (Hg) <0.001 0.004 0.004
Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 43.6 43.8 Potassium 10 mg/l 40.92 41.62 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.7 2.8
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 1.09 1.09
During the survey conducted by the district management of Sibi City it was found that, the 80% population has access to one or more improved water source of which, piped water (64%) constitutes the major source followed by tube wells or bore holes (7%) and protected dug well (4%). Whereas, other minor improved sources include: public standpipe (2%) and rainwater collection (1%) The major unimproved sources are the surface water (15%), Tanker trucks (2%) and approximately 1% of unimproved water source belonged to other categories. Drinking water from improved sources is vulnerable to contaminations at various stages from source to final use. Therefore, there is an immense need to carry out water quality testing for bacteriological and chemical contamination in drinking water sources18.
The results and the comparison of surface water quality are shown in table below.
Table 4.3: Surface Water Quality Results Parameters NSDWQ Limits/Units Upstream Downstream (Tail end) Khajjak Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 400 550 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 302 350 Escherichia Coli (E- 0 Cfu/100 150 170 Coli)
Nitrite NO2 <3 ml/l 43.7 43.8
18 District management profile-Sibi City
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Sulphate SO4 250 ml/l 136.2 138.4 Potassium (K) 10 ml/ 41.91 42.62
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 ml/l 1.0 1.0 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.8 2.9 Dehpal Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 438 480 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 301 320 Escherichia Coli (E- 0 Cfu/100 140 160 Coli)
Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 43.8 44 Potassium 10 mg/l 41.92 44.62 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.29 2.90
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 1.09 1.09 Kurak Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 450 512 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 300 320 Escherichia Coli (E- 0 Cfu/100 100 110 Coli) Color <15.0 TCU 16.8 16.9
Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 46.2 46.7 Potassium 10 mg/l 43.4 44 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.2 2.3
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 0.7 0.8 Marghazani Channel Total Coliform 0 Cfu/100 ml 455 500 Fecal Coliforms 0 Cfu/100 320 350 Escherichia Coli (E- 0 Cfu/100 120 140 Coli)
Nitrite (NO2) <3.0 44.8 45.2 Potassium 10 mg/l 43.94 44.69 Iron (Fe) 0.3 mg/l 2.89 2.97
Ammonia (NH3) 0.05-0.5 mg/l 1.03 1.094
4.1.3 Ambient Air Quality
The baseline study of ambient air quality for specific sub-project channels has been carried in the sub- project area. The pollutants monitored were sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, total suspended particulate, particulate matter (PM10), and lead. The results of these pollutant concentrations were compared with NEQs limit. The finding and the comparison showed that the pollutant concentrations are below the permissible limit which reflects that the ambient air quality is very good, as there is no industrial activity or heavy traffic passing by the sub-project locations. The only major source of pollutants is from the minor traffic from the villages, crossing through the sub-project area, resulting in localized peaks in emissions. To maintain the air quality, the ECOPs on management of Air Quality provided in Table 7, Appendix B shall be followed by the contractor, in addition, focus on water sprinkling shall be made for dust suppression during construction stage. The finding of each location is provided in below table.
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Table 4.4: Ambient Air Quality Sampling Locations Minimum Maximum Average µg/m3 NEQs Limit WHO Limits Pollutants µg/m3 µg/m3 Parameters Near Kurak Village (Location 1)
Sulfur Dioxide 19.7 33.8 24.9 120 µg/m3 125 µg/m3 (SO2) Nitric Oxide 2.6 10.6 5.6 120 µg/m3 Not Available Nitrogen oxides 8.1 18.3 15.6 120 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 (NO2) Carbon Monoxide 1.4 2.0 1.5 5 mg/m3 Not Available (CO) Total Suspended 410 410 410 500 µg/m3 Not Available Particulate (TSP Particulate Matter 138 138 138 150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 (PM10) Lead 00 00 00 50 µg/m3 Not Available Near Khajjak Village (Location 2) Sulfur Dioxide 11.3 25.4 17.7 120 µg/m3 125 µg/m3 (SO2) Nitric Oxide 2.6 10.6 6.3 120 µg/m3 Not Available Nitrogen oxides 20.3 28.4 22.8 120 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 (NO2) Carbon Monoxide 1.2 2.0 1.6 5 mg/m3 Not Available (CO) Total Suspended 432 432 432 500 µg/m3 Not Available Particulate (TSP Particulate Matter 142 142 142 150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 (PM10) Lead 00 00 00 50 µg/m3 Not Available Near Dephal Village (Location 3) Sulfur Dioxide 19.7 39.5 26.9 120 µg/m3 125 µg/m3 (SO2) Nitric Oxide 5.3 11.9 9.2 120 µg/m3 Not Available Nitrogen oxides 20.3 28.4 22.7 120 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 (NO2) Carbon Monoxide 1.2 2.3 1.6 5 mg/m3 Not Available (CO) Total Suspended 348 348 348 500 µg/m3 Not Available Particulate (TSP Particulate Matter 144 144 144 150 µg/m3 150 µg/m3 (PM10) Lead 00 00 00 50 µg/m3 Not Available
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Figure 4.1:Ambient Air Monitoring Locations
4.1.4 Noise Level
The 24hrs of monitoring of noise level was carried out separately at sub-project locations. Similarly, to the result of ambient air quality monitoring, there is a direct correlation between noise levels and the volume of traffic passing at sub-project channels. The minimum noise level recorded was 30.0 dB and whereas, maximum noise level was recorded 48 dB. The results of noise measurement at the monitoring sites are summarized in the following table:
Table 4.5: Noise Level Monitoring Locations Locations Minimum Maximum Average WHO dB dB dB Limits Near Kurak Channel 30.0 48.0 38.5 55 dB (Day (Location 1) Time and Near Khajjak Channel 30.0 48.0 37.2 45 dB Night (Location 2) time) Dehpal Channel 35.0 47.0 41.3 (Location 3)
4.1.5 Climate
The climate of the sub-project area, generally elevated at 190-363 m above sea level, is arid. It can be placed in “hot summer and cool winter” sub-tropical region. The summer is hot and lasts long with mean temperatures ranging from 40°C to 49C. June is the hottest month when mean maximum temperatures exceed 49C. The winter is cold and shorter than summer. It lasts for about 5 months (November-March)19.
19 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibi
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Table 4.6: Climatic Conditions Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Record 33.2 33.4 41.1 47.0 51.0 52.0 51.7 48.5 46.1 (115) 43.9 40.0 34.0 high °C (91.8) (92.1) (106) (116.6) (123.8) (125.6) (125.1) (119.3) (111) (104) (93.2) (°F) Average 22.7 25.0 30.9 37.7 43.5 46.0 42.9 41.1 39.8 37.0 30.5 24.5 high °C (72.9) (77) (87.6) (99.9) (110.3) (114.8) (109.2) (106) (103.6) (98.6) (86.9) (76.1) (°F) Daily 14.1 16.7 22.7 30.1 35.6 38.6 36.3 34.9 32.8 (91) 28.0 21.4 15.8 mean °C (57.4) (62.1) (72.9) (86.2) (96.1) (101.5) (97.3) (94.8) (82.4) (70.5) (60.4) (°F) Average 5.9 8.8 15.0 22.1 27.7 30.8 29.9 29.1 26.2 19.3 12.4 7.0 (44.6) low °C (42.6) (47.8) (59) (71.8) (81.9) (87.4) (85.8) (84.4) (79.2) (66.7) (54.3) (°F) Record 0.0 (32) 1.0 3.8 12.2 18.0 23.0 20.6 19.7 15.6 10.0 4.0 0.6 (33.1) low °C (33.8) (38.8) (54) (64.4) (73.4) (69.1) (67.5) (60.1) (50) (39.2) (°F) Average 6.9 9.9 24.7 14.9 2.4 6.0 35.6 30.3 7.7 1.1 1.5 3.3 (0.13) precipita (0.272) (0.39) (0.972) (0.587) (0.094) (0.236) (1.402) (1.193) (0.303) (0.043) (0.059) tion mm (inches)
During the baseline monitoring, the data on temperature and humidity level were collected from the sub-project channels sites. The means levels of these are provided in the table below.
Table 4.7: Average Temperature and Humidity Level Locations Average Temperature Average Humidity % 0C Near Kurak Channel (Location1) 20.3 43.87 Near Khajjak Channel (Location 2) 21.73 51.83 Dehpal Channel (Location 3) 20.47 55.04
4.1.6 Geo-physical Layout
The basin covers around 20 percent of Balochistan, making it the largest river basin in the province and hydrologically the most endowed river basin. About 61% of the river flow occur during the months of July and August. This water sometimes causes severe flood-like situations in the downstream areas of the river basin, causing severe loss of property and livestock20. The water accumulated in the Kachhi plains during floods could damage the Pat Feeder canal of the Indus, which is in the command of Sindh and Balochistan provinces. The Ruds River in the north joins the Loralai tributary to become the Beji River; the confluence of the Beji and the Khost forms the Nari River that outfalls to Hamal Lake in Sindh province and from thence to Manchar Lake
4.1.7 Topography
The Sibi District consists of a perfectly level plain, lying respectively at the apex and base of Kachhi (Bolan). The NRB topography is quite complex and entails lateral variations in contemporaneous sedimentation. The alluvial deposits in the central and lower parts of the valleys consist of layers of clay, gravel, silt, sand or an admixture of these materials. The unconsolidated deposits occur in the form of beds, layers, lenses or irregular bodies. The piedmont areas have coarser materials and are poorly assorted. Thickness of alluvium varies from valley to valley depending on the size of the valley, its geological and historical evolution and may be as high as 150 m in some places. Sedimentary rocks dominate the province, ranging
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in age from Triassic to recent Pleistocene. Parts of the province have older volcanic rocks inter-bedded with the sedimentary rocks and largely composed of well-jointed and fractured limestone, sandstones, and conglomerates20.
4.1.8 Floods
Severe monsoon rains in the sub-project catchment area triggers floods of a heavy scale, both in terms of volume and amount of land flooded. Despite the forecasts, rainfall, heavy downpours begin in mid- August, engulfing the entire district causing damage to crops, infrastructure and human settlements. An indirect loss such as damage to crops due to uncontrolled flooding and disruption of irrigation supplies, water- logging of agricultural land was reported. There have been instances of heavy rains and floods happening in the district, but the June/ July 2007 floods created havoc throughout the district, resulting in deaths and injuries, loss of houses, crops, livestock, livelihoods and infrastructure damage. During the floods of 2016, Bakhra Ghulam Bolak channel was impacted.
Spate irrigation comprises of two small-scale systems, which are designed to command 1500 acres (608 ha) and to control floods in wet years so that these do not affect the perennial canal system. The floods of different return periods at the structures are calculated and summarized in Table below.
Table 4.8:The peak inflows at Spate Irrigation System S.No Name of dispersal Catchment Area Discharge in Cusec at Different Return Structure (km2) Periods 25 50 100 200 1 Arand FWS 51.0 89 93 133 154 2 Bori FWS 29.4 60 76 92 109
Figure 4.2:Location Map Arand and Bori (Spate Irrigation System)
20 EA-BIWRMD
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4.1.9 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Sites
There is no archaeological and cultural heritage site in CoI of the sub-project area. While the identified one archaeological and cultural heritage site exists in Sibi City21, where no project intervention are proposed to be carried out.
Figure 4.3: Location map of Archaeological and Cultural Heritage site
21 Balochistan is one of the richest historical cities having number of classic cities. Sibi is one of the warmest historical cities of Balochistan province. Sibi was captured by British rule in 1941 and got its name from Sandemanabad. This name was followed by Robert Sandman British army officer who worked really very hard to form Sibi almost current architecture and system. In the same way there were different historical places built by the British government in Sibi too, one of them is Queen Victoria’s Memorial Hall, built in 1903 which is located at the center point of Sibi City. The people of this province valued that hall and named as Jirga Hall. The Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ail Jinnah also presided over the annual Darbar at Sibi as the first Governor General of Pakistan. This Jirga Hall (Victoria Hall) is now converted into a museum which is known as Sibi Museum. It includes the archaeological sites of Pirak, Nasshero and Mehrgarh. All these archeologically and cultural heritage sites.
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4.2 Biological Environment
This section of ESMP provides the brief information on the Biological aspects (i.e. Mammals, avi-Fauna, reptiles and amphibians), land use, habitat type, sensitive areas present in the sub-project area.
4.2.1 Land Pattern at Sub-Project Channel Sites
Different type of land use exists beyond the RoW of all sub-project channels Such as; agricultural, land barren land, tree thickets, , grassland, shrubs herbs and grass mix along the water channels, tree covers.
The inspection and non-inspection paths (IP & NIP) of all channels are not motorable due to dense vegetation covers and non-availability of embankments. The only way to reach at different location of channel site is by walking. Vegetation along the paths mainly includes the trees planted as avenue plantations and invaders naturalized or introduced / established due to lack of proper maintenance. The most common tree species are Acacia nilotica (Babul), Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham), Zizyphus nummularia (Ber), Tamarix aphylla (Farash), Albizzia lebbek (Black Siris), Albizzia procera (White Siris), Azadirachta indica (Neem), and Eucalyptus sp.
Besides the planted trees on channel sites, other vegetation naturally growing in the channel sites was also observed. The different type of vegetation cover recorded are; Alernathera nodiflora, Aristola bracteata, Sonchus oleraqceus, Aerua javanica, Carthamus oxycantha, Heliotropium crispum, Euphorbia caducifolia (Thuar), Cordial rothii (Liar), H. curassavieum, H. europeum, H. strigosum, Capparis decidua, Abutilon indicum, Xanthium indicum, Datura fastousa, Tamarix dioica, T. Prosopis glandulosa (Devi), Calotropis procera (Akk).
Figure 4.4:Different type of vegetation covers along the Figure 4.5:View of channel covered trees with vegetation channel
At plains (Pats) vegetation mainly comprises of shrubs like Tamarix troupii, Suaeda fruiticosa, and Capparis decidua; the main grass species is Panicum antidotale. While in river areas and nullahs, vegetation mainly comprises of trees/ shrubs like Tamarix dioica, Populus euphratica, and Acacia nilotic; the main grasses are Saccharum munja, Typha angustifolia and Panicum antidotale.
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4.2.2 Notified Forest
There are six (06) Notified forests, declared as forest by the Forest and Wildlife Department, GoB. These are named as Nari Bank, Bakhra, Lehri, Gulu Shahr, Dehphal, Abduallah Kheli forests. All are conserved as a state Forest (Government owned), and requires permit for clearance by the Forest and Wildlife Department, GoB, under the BWPPCM Act 2014. These are located 3 to 15 Km distance away from the sub- project channel sites, as given in Figure 4.6, and outside the corridor of impact and engineering interventions, but within the sub-project region. In total these forest are measured to be 8,920 hectors. The some of these forest has been encroached by the community as an agriculture land, while some portion of these forests are under control by the government department. The location of these forest is shown in map below.
Table 4.9: Details of Forest S/N Name of forest Area Hectors Status 1 Nari Bank 496 Almost entirely encroached by community as agriculture land 2 Bakhara 683 Almost entirely encroached by community as agriculture land 3 Lehri 173 Almost entirely encroached by community as agriculture land 4 Gulu Shahr 293 About 120 ha transferred to Agriculture Department and the remaining is under the control of Forest Department 5 Dehpal 647 The entire area is under the control of Forest Department 6 Abdullah Khail 80 Partially encroached
Figure 4.6: Notified Forest by Forest Department in Sibi City, GoB Notified Forest Areas in Percentage
1% 2%
3% 6%
7%
8%
73%
Abduallal Kehli Lahri Gulu Shahr Nari Bank Dehpal Bakhara Thali
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4.3 Fauna
The details of faunal species along with their conservation status, preferred habitat and global threats are discussed in this section.
4.3.1 Protected Areas
A reintroduction of extinct Chinkara Deer, the Forest & Wildlife Department has developed a deer breeding facility on 200 acres with the cooperation of Member Provincial Assembly, Mir Bakhtiar Khan Domki, which is a good conservation example of Public Private Partnership. This conservation exists beyond the corridor of impact and engineering activities and approx. 19 km away from the sub-project location. The location map of sensitive area is shown in figure below.
Figure 4.7:Deer Breeding Facility
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4.3.2 Conservation Status of Fauna
This section provides the brief information about the fauna present in the sub-project area. These Key species are classified according to the following criteria.
Listed as Least Concern, Near Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered, Extinct in Wild Life, in the IUCN Red List. Listed as protected species in the Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act, 2014 (BWPPCM).
4.3.2.1 Mammals
The mammals identified in the sub-project area are listed below. These are also classified in accordance with the IUCN list and Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act, 2014.
Table 4.10: List of Mammals IUCN Status in Survey Literature Common S.No Scientific Name conservation BWPPCM Act, Field/Public Review Name Status 2014 Consultation Chinkara Protected X 1 Gazella bennettii Not Assessed Gazella Indian/Benga Vulpes X 2 Protected l Fox bengalensis Least Concern X 3 Desert Fox Vulpes vulpes Protected Least Concern Asiatic X 4 Canis aureus Not Listed Jackal Least Concern X X 5 Jungle Cat Felis chaus Protected Least Concern Sus scrofa X 6 Wild Boar Not Listed domesticus Least Concern Five Stripped X X
7 Palm Funambulus Not Listed Not Assessed Squirrel pennant Indian X X
8 Crested Hystrix indica Not Listed Least Concern Porcupine 9 Indian Gerbil Tatera Indica Least Concern Not Listed X X Indian Meriones X X 10 Not Listed Desert Grebil hurrionae Least Concern X X 11 Cape Hare Lepus capensis Not Protected Least Concern Long-eared Hemiechinus X 12 Not Listed Hedgehog auritus Least Concern Balochistan X X 13 Gerbillus nanus Not Listed Gerbil Least Concern House X X 14 Mus musculus Not Listed Mouse Least Concern X X 15 House Rat Rattus rattus Not Listed Least Concern Small Indian Herpestes X X 16 Not Listed Mongoose javanicus Least Concern Indian Grey Herpestes X 17 Not Listed Mongoose edwardsii Least Concern
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Little Indian X 18 Mus booduga Not Listed Field Mouse Least Concern Afghan mole Ellobius X 19 Not Listed vole fuscocapillus Least Concern Rufescent Ochotona X 20 Least Concern Not Listed Pika rufescens
4.3.2.2 Key Species
The following species are protected under the Balochistan wildlife protection, preservation, conservation and management Act 2014. The sub project area are mostly built up and usual activities are related to farming. The following main species are reported from the Sibi area
Chinkara Gazella (Gazella bennettii) Jungle Cat (Felis chaus) Desert Fox (Vulpes Vulpes) Indian/Bengal Fox (Vulpes bengalensis)
4.3.2.3 Avi-Fauna
The details of the birds identified during the survey and literature review are given below. It also provides the details of avi-fauna species with respect to status in BWPPCM Act, 2018 and IUCN red list.
Table 4.11: List of Avi-Fauna Protected IUCN Survey Literatur Occurrence Habitat under Classificati Field/Public e S. No Species BWPPCM on Consultation Review Resident Migrant Act, 2014 Little Grebe ---- Least X X X Terrestrial, and 1. (Tachybaptus Concern Fresh water ruficollis) Little ------Least X X Estuary river or Cormorant Concern steam 2. (Phalacrocora x niger) Black- Protected Least X X X Terrestrial; Crowned Concern Freshwater Night 3. Heron( Nycticorax nycticorax ) Indian Pond Protected Least X X Paddy fields 4. Heron ( Concern and rivers Ardeola grayii) streams Eurasian Protected Least X X Terrestrial 5. Griffon Vulture Concern ( Gyps fulvus) Greter Spotted Protected Vulnerable X Terrestrial, tall 6. Eagle ( Aquila trees and fresh clanga) water Red-wattled ------Least X X X Terrestrial, tall Lapwing Concern trees and fresh 7. (vanellus water indicus) White-tailed ------Least X X Terrestrial 8. Lapwing ( Concern sparse Chettusia vegetation,
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leucura) vegetated areas near fresh water ------Least X X Terrestrial Little Stint Concern sparse 9. (Calidris vegetation, minuta) vegetated areas near fresh water Houbara ------Vulnerable X X Terrestrial bustard ( densely 10. Chlamydotis vegetated bush- macqueenii) steppe Indian River ------Near X X Terrestrial; 11. Tern ( Sterna Threatened Freshwater; aurantia) Rock dorve ------Least X X X terrestrial; 12. Pigeon ( Concern Freshwater; Columba livia) Indian ------Least X X Terrestrial Collared Dove Concern scattered trees 13. ( Streptopelia decaocto) Little Brown ------Least X X X Terrestrial; Dove ( Concern Freshwater 14. Streptopelia cultivation, trees senegalensis) (but not forests) ------Least X X riparian Rose-ringed Concern Parakeet ( woodland, 15. Psittacula farmland, tree krameri ) thickets
------Least X X Terrestrial; Crested Lark ( Concern sparse 16. Galerida vegetation cristata) cover and dry cultivations Common ------Least X X Terrestrial; Swallow ( Concern Freshwater; dry 17. Hirundo grass, straw rustica) Yellow Wagtail ------Least X X X Terrestrial; 18. (Motacilla Concern Fresh water flava) low vegetation ------Least X X X Terrestrial; White Wagtail Concern Freshwater 19. ( Motacilla non-forested alba) wet and dry habitats, ------Least X X Terrestrial; Concern Freshwater Blue-throat ( dense 20. Luscinia vegetation with svecica) patches of open ground. ------Least X X Terrestrial; Pied Bush- Concern Open terrain 21. chat ( Saxicola with some low caprata) to mid-height vegetation Eastern Pied ------Least X X Terrestrial; Wheatear ( Concern scant 22. Oenanthe vegetation, picata) grassy areas
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Protected Least X X X Fresh water Cattle Egret ( 23. Concern rice-fields Bubulcus ibis) forested areas Little Egret ( Protected Least X X X Rivers, 24. Egretta Concern streams, garzetta) irrigation canals Great White Protected Not X X X River Egret ( Assessed margins, drain 25. Casmerodius age ditches alba) Black- Protected Least X X Forested areas, shouldered Concern trees or reed 26. Kite ( Elanus beds caeruleus) ------X X Terrestrial; Freshwater; Cettis Warbler 27. dense ( Cettia cetti) vegetation covers Plain leaf ------Least X X Tree thickets Warbler ( Concern vegetative 28. Phylloscopus covers neglectus) ----- Least X X Preferred Concern variety of Wite- habitat variety i throatedFantail 29. of habitats i.e. ( Rhipidura agriculture land albicollis ) and urban environment Common ------Not X X Terrestrial Babbler ( Assessed Vegetation 30. Turdoides cover, tree caudatus) thickets ----- Not X X Terrestrial Jangle Babbler Assessed Vegetation 31. ( Turdoides cover, tree striatus) thickets ------Least X X Observed near Purple Sunbird Concern flowering 32. ( Nectarinia shrubs and asiatica) trees. Great Grey ------Least X X Terrestrial; 33. Shrike ( Lanius Concern Freshwater excubitor) ----- Least X X Terrestrial; Black Drongo ( Concern dense 34. Dicrurus vegetative cover macrocercus
Indian House ----- Least X X X Tree thickets, 35. crow ( Corvus Concern urban areas splendens) Protected Least X X X Terrestrial ; Common Concern Marine typically Starling ( 36. in woodland or Sturnus on man-made vulgaris ) structure Common ----- Least X X Terrestrial; Myna ( Concern urban areas and 37. Acridotheres suburban tristis) environments ----- Least X X Terrestrial; Bank Myna ( Concern Habitat is 38. Acridothres cultivated ginginianus) farmland
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Indian House ----- Least X X X Terrestrial Sparrow ( Concern habitats 39. Passer domesticus) Common Protected Least X X Partially 40. Kestrel ( Falco Concern forested habitat tinnunculus) and Terrestrial Indian Grey Protected Least X X Terrestrial i.e. Partridge ( Concern low grass 41. Francolinus covered ground pondicerianus)
From the above listed avi-fauna species, the following table provides the list of Key species which are protected in BWPPCM Act, 2014 and classified as vulnerable and near threatened in in IUCN red list.
Table 4.12: List of Key Av-Fauna Species List Protected in BWPPCM Act, 2014 IUCN Classification The Following bird’s species are protected in BWPPCM Act 2014
Black-Crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) Indian Pond Heron (Ardeola grayii) Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga)-Vulnerable Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii)- Greter Spotted Eagle(Aquila change) Vulnerable Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) Indian River Tern (Sterna aurantia)-Near Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) Threatened Great whilte egret (Casmerodius alba) Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus) Common starling (sturnus vulgaris) Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) Indian grey partridge (Francolinus pondicerian)
4.3.2.4 Reptile and Amphibians
The following reptile and amphibians were identified during the ecological surveys.
Table 4.13: List of Reptiles and Amphibians S.No English Name Scientific Status in Status in Field Literature Name IUCN Red BWPPCM Survey/Public Review List Act, 2014 Consultation Spotted Indian Hemidactylus Not No X X 1. House Gecko brookii Assessed Yellow Bellied Hemidactylus Not No X 2. House Gecko flaviviridis Assessed Sindh Sand Crossobamon Not No X 3. Gecko orientalis Assessed Pakistan Psammophis Not No X 4. Ribbon Snake leithii Assessed Glossy Bellied Coluber Not No X 5. Racer ventromaculatus Assessed Eastern Spalerosophis Not No X 6. Diadem Snake diadema Assessed Saw scaled Echis carinatus Not No X 7. Viper Assessed
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Garden Lizard Calotes Not No X 8. versicolor Assessed Spotted Trapelus Least No X X 9. Ground ruderatua Concern Agama Brilliant Trapelus agilis Not No X 10. Agama Assessed Indian Desert Varanus griseus Not No X X 11. Monitor Assessed Indian Monitor Varanus Least Protected X X 12. bengalensis concern Indian Fringed Acanthodactylus Least No X 13. Toed sand cantoris concern Lizard Indian Sand Ophiomorus Not No X 14. Swimmer tridactylus Assessed Indian Spiny- Uromastyx Not No X X 15. tailed Lizard hardwickii Assessed Gecko, Tropioclotes Not No X 16. Mountain depressus Assessed Dwarf Tortoise Testudo Vulnerable Yes X 17. Afghan horsfieldii Northern wolf Lycodon striatus Least No X 18. snake Concern Marbled toad Bufo stomaticus Least No X 19. Concern Skittering frog Euphlyctis Least No X 20. 9.3 cyanophlyctis Concern
The following table provides details the key reptiles and amphibians present in BWPPCM Act 2014 and IUCN red list:
Table 4.14: List of Key Reptiles and Amphibians Status BWPPCM, 2014 Status in IUCN Red List The following are identified protected: Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii)- Indian Monitor (Varanus bengalensis) Vulnerable Tortoise Afghan (Testudo horsfieldii)
4.3.3 Fish Species
There are no fish species found in the sub-project channels, as these channels are of small water holding capacity, upto 2 cusecs and more importantly there is no regular water flowing in these channels. The water is regulating on rotation system for agriculture
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5 Socio-Economic Baseline
5.1 General
During the preparation of the SIAMP in 2016, a detailed socio-economic baseline study was conducted of Nari Gorge sub-project. The socio-economic baseline in the SIAMP document provides detailed socioeconomic results. In the specific areas survey for the preparation of this ESMP for Kurak, Khajjak, Dehpal and Marghazani, socio-economic baseline sample survey was conducted in March 2018 following certain socio-economic paramters. The sample size was 10-15% of total households. In Kurak 10 households out of a total of 47 were surveyed; in Marghazani 13 households out of a total of 132 were surveyed; in Khajjak 18 households out of a total of 120 were surveyed; and in Dehpal 10 households out of a total of 60 were surveyed.
5.2 Language
Brahvi, Sindhi and Balochi languages are spoken by the communitiesliving on Kurak, Khajjak, Marghazani and Dehpal channels. Urdu language is also spoken by most of the communities in these four villages.
5.3 Education Facilities
All communities reported that better quality and adequate educational facilities for both boys and girls is only available in Sibi city. The details of available education facilities for both boys and girls at Marghazani, Dehpal, Kurak and Khajjak are given in the table below.
Table 5.1: Education Facilities Schools Gender Village Name Primary Middle High College
Marghazani 06 01 01 ----
Boys Dehpal --- 01 01 ---- Kurak 03 ---- 01 ----- Khajjak 04 --- 01 Marghazani 03 01 ------Dehpal 02 01 ------Girls Kurak 02 --- 01 ------Khajjak 03 ---- 01 ------
5.4 Health Facilities
There is one functional rural health center (RHC) each at Marghazani, Dehpal and Khajjak villages. However, all these RHCs are in very bad condition. A dispensary is available in each of the four villages. The health facilities in these four villages suffer due to lack of facilities and availability of medical personnel (lady doctor etc). These facilities can only provide minor health treatments to patients. In case of emergency
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and serious health care needs patients either need to be transported to Sibi District Headquarter Hospital or then to Quetta.
Table 5.2: Health Facilities Regional Midwifery/Lady Name of Village Hospital Health Dispensary Homeopathic Clinic health workers Center
Marghazani -- 01 01 -- --- Dehpal --- 01 01 --- -- Kurak ------01 ------Khajjak --- 01 01 ------
5.5 Water Supply and Sanitation
At all villages (Marghazani, Dehpal, Kurak, Khajjak) water supply systems are available and functional; however, the condition of water supply schemes is extremely poor and needs to be improved. Due to non- availability of alternative water sources villagers are reliant on ground water for drinking and other domestic needs. There is no sewerage and sanitation system in both the villages.
5.6 Communication
Telephone landline facility does not exist in these four villages; however, mobile network services are available. All the houses are connected to the national grid for electricity supply for domestic as well as agricultural purposes. Natural piped gas supply is available at Khajjak, Kurak and Dehpal villages. In Marghazani Village residents use LPG cylinders, gasoline and fire wood to meet their domestic needs.
5.7 Means of Transport
The villages in the sub - project channels are located 10-15 km away from Sibi city. The community travels to district headquarter town in mini buses, Qinchi rickshaws and pickups. Individuals in the community often use their own source of transport (mainly motorbikes). Link roads of these four villages up to Sibi are motorable; however, they are in poor condition and in need of rehabilitation.
5.8 Social Conflicts
There are no reported tribal conflicts in the sub-project area.
5.9 Household Information
The socio-economic baseline survey reveals that the overall population is 12,800 in all four villages from 1600 households. The village wise details are illustrated in the following table:
Table 5.3: Number of household and total population Name of Village Number of Household Total Population Khajjak 650 5,200 Kurak 170 1,360 Dehpal 350 2,800
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Marghazani 430 3,440 Total Households=1600 Total Population= 12,800
5.9.1 Age of Respondents
The respondents for the socioeconomic baseline survey are classified in accordance with the age groups as detailed in the table below. The survey reveals that 11.7% of respondent are between 21-30 years, 23.5% are between 31-40 years, 27.4 % are between 41-50 years, 29.4% are between 51-60 years, and 7.8% are between 61-70 years.
Table 5.4: Age of the Respondents Marghazani Khajjak Village Dehpal Cumulative % Kurak Village Responds’ Village (in %) (in %) Village (in (in %) Age %) < 20 00 00 00 00 00 21- 30 20 7.6 11.1 10 11.7 31- 40 10 30.7 22.2 30 23.5 41 – 50 20 30.7 33.3 20 27.4 51 – 60 50 23 22.2 30 29.4 61 – 70 00 7.6 11.1 10 7.8
5.9.2 Religion
100% of the population is Muslim
5.9.3 Respondent’s Relationship with Head of Household
In all four sub-project channels, 80% of the respondents or head of households were personally available for an interview while 20% respondent were brothers and sons.
5.9.4 Education Level of Respondent’s
The socioeconomic baseline survey reveals that 25.4% of the respondents are uneducated, 17.6% have primary level of education, 25.4 % have completed secondary education, 19.6% education have high school qualification, and 11.7% have university level education. The details are illustrated in the following table.
Table 5.5: Education Level Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative Kurak Village Village in (%) Village in (%) Village in (%) in (%) Education Levels (%) Un-educated 20 38.4 27.7 10 25.4 Primary (up to 5 Years) 30 15.38 11.1 20 17.6 Secondary (up to 10 years) 20 23.0 27.1 30 25.4 High School (up to 12 15.38 16.6 20 19.6 30 Years) University 00 7.6 16.6 20 11.7
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5.9.5 Family Size
The survey data reveals that the average family size in: 17.6% households is 1-5 persons; 35.2% households is 5-10 persons; 21.5% household is 21.5% persons; and 25.4% is 15 & above persons.
Table 5.6: Average Family Size Kurak Village Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative Family Size in (%) Village in (%)` Village in (%) Village in (%) (%) 1 to 5 30 7.6 16.6 20 17.6 5 to 10 50 23.0 33.3 40 35.2 10 to 15 10 30.7 16.6 30 21.5 15 & above 10 38.46 33.3 10 25.4
5.9.6 Family System
Approximately 86.2% of the communities prefer to live in a joint family arrangement. In the joint family system, the eldest male member takes care of all the family members and is the final decision-making authority particularly for issues regarding the public domain. This system also provides social security for family members during periods of individual un-employment and financial crisis. These communities believe that the joint family system is a more economical way of living as they often work together on the same land and are able to share their joint incomes to support the entire family, including elderly relatives who are unable to work. The family arrangements (nuclear and joint) of all four villages are illustrated below.
Table 5.7: Family System Kurak Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative Family System Village Village in Village in Village in (%) in (%) (%) (%) (%) Nuclear (Single) 20 7.6 16.6 10 13.7
80 92.3 83.3 90 86.2 Joint
5.9.7 Marriage
Residents of these areas prefer marriages within families. The trend of marriage outside the family but within the same tribe is also increasing. The percentage of marriages inside and outside the families is presented below:
Table 5.8: Marriages Kurak Village Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative Marriage System Village in Village in Village in (%) in (%) (%) (%) (%) Outside family marriage 30 30.7 16.6 30 25.4
Inside family marriage 70 69.3 83.4 70 74.6
5.9.8 Health Problems
The most common diseases in these village include typhoid, hepatitis B & C, diarrhoea, and malaria. These diseases largely occur due to unhygienic living conditions, lack of sanitation and safe drinking water
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facilities, malnutrition, and lack of ready access to proper healthcare, including preventive healthcare, facilities.
5.9.9 Money Lending
As reported during the baseline, capital is not borrowed from banks for agricultural purposes. Instead, agricultural inputs (seeds, fertilizers etc.) are taken on loan from middle men or artis.
5.10 Common Needs to Visit Nearest City22
Family members visit the nearest city for various purposes. 39.2% family members visit the nearest city to meet relatives, 60.7% for business purposes, 49.01% for educational purposes, and 41.1% visit for health services.
Table 5.9: Purpose of the Visit to nearest City Purpose of Visit Marghazani Village Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative Kurak Village in (%) Village in Village in (%) in (%) (%) (%) Family relations 30 30.7 38.8 60 39.2 Marketing/Business 60 61.5 66.6 50 60.7 Educational 40 53.8 50 50 49.01 Health 60 38.46 44.4 50 41.1
5.11 Livestock
The average number and type of livestock owned in all four villages are given in the following table:
Table 5.10: Average No & Type of Livestock Ownership Kurak Village Marghazani Village Khajjak Village Dehpal Village Livestock Ownership Avg/HH Avg/HH Avg/HH Avg/HH No. of Buffalos 00 04 01 00 No. of cows 04 1 02 02 No. of Goats 05 01 05 03 No. of chicken 04 01 06 06 Other Livestock 00 00 00 00
5.11.1 Cost of Livestock
The average cost of livestock commonly found in the area is given in the following table.
Table 5.11: Average cost of Livestock Name of Livestock Average Cost/unit Buffalo 90,000 Cow 75,000 Goats 7500 Chicken 500
2222 The nearest city to these village is only Sibi City
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5.11.2 Source of Fodder
Farmers meet their livestock grazing needs from the nearest rangeland. In addition, fodder is also cultivated on agricultural land. Farmers do not purchase fodder from the market.
5.12 Source of Livelihood and Income
The baseline survey indicates that agriculture is the primary source of income in all four villages. Household in Khajjak have a much higher income from agriculture among all other villages, with majority income ranging between Rs 150,000 to RS 250,000 as compared to those in Dehpal, Marghazani and Kurak (majority income ranging between Rs 50,000 to Rs 150,000). Most households also have secondary source of income including livestock, transport, business, and salaried employment. All households earn between Rs. 10,000 to 100,000 from secondary source of income.
5.13 Agriculture Tool and Farm Machinery
Different type of equipment is available to individual farmers. Some farmers only own one type of equipment while others own a variety of machinery.
Table 5.12: Type of Agriculture Tools and Machinery Type of Equipment’s Kurak Village Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative in (%) Village in (%) Village in (%) Village in (%) (%) Plough for oxen 02 00 02 02 Plough for tractor 02 03 03 01 Tractor 01 03 02 01 Spray Machine 03 6 08 05 Trolley for tractor 1 1 03 01 Thresher 1 00 02 00
5.13.1 Commonly Used Agriculture Inputs
The average agricultural expenses per acre, including seed, fertilizer, pesticide, ploughing and harvesting costs, is 19,450 rupees.
Table 5.13: Estimated Expenses per Year per Acre
Items Expenses/Acre Plowing 3500 Cotton seeds /bag 10.000 Urea DAP 1450 DAP 1,625 Pesticides/Lit 3500
5.14 Seasonal Earnings from Crops
During the baseline survey, the following average seasonal earnings in rupees per acre were reported in the sub-project channels:
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Table 5.14: Average Seasonal Earnings/acre Season Average Seasonal Earning/Acre (in PKR) Rabi 45,000 Kharif 30,000
5.15 Agricultural land holding and cropping pattern
Tenancy is not common at Khajjak, Kurak, Marghazani and Dehpal villages. 97% of the land is cultivated by owners, while 3% is tenant operated.
The lands in the project area are fertile and farmers grow cotton, sorghum and vegetables during the Kharif season (April to November) and wheat, pulses, lentils and vegetables during Rabi season (April to October).
5.16 Anticipated Losses due to the Project
The losses (i.e trees) due to the proposed sub-project development are estimated in the following table. However, it is important to note that agriculture is the main source of income for all households and they will be benefitting from the improvement and rehabilitation of water channels and water courses which constitute community infrastructure. As such, therefore, the community will have net benefit and no long- term loss with irreversible impacts.
Table 5.15: Anticipate Losses due to Project Anticipates Results of all Villages Loss of Residence No Loss of cultivated land No Loss of trees Yes Loss of Livelihood No Loss of Other infrastructure No
5.17 Housing
The baseline survey reveals that houses are owned by the community members and there is no household residing in a rented house.
5.17.1 Average Number of Rooms
The number of rooms owned by the target communities in the project area is: 1-5 in 72.5% homes, 5-10 in 17.6% homes,10 and above in 10% homes. The details are given in the following table.
Table 5.16: Ownership of Rooms Room Ownership Kurak Village Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative % in % Village in %` Village in % Village in % 1 to 5 rooms 80 69.2 72.2 70 72.5 5 to 10 rooms 10 23.0 16.6 20 17.6 10 and above 10 7.8 11.1 10 10
5.17.2 Pit Latrines and Toilets
In all four villages, 100% houses have toilets; however, these are not connected to a proper sanitation system.
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5.17.3 Type of Housing
In both villages, 15.6% are pucca (brick and concrete construction), 33.3% are semi pucca, 43.1 % houses are katcha (mud-houses).
Table 5.17: Housing Type Kurak Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative % Type of Village Village in %` Village in % Village in % House in % Pucca 20 7.6 11.1 30 15.6 Semi pucca 60 38.46 27.7 50 33.3 Katcha 20 53.8 61.1 20 43.1 Wood 00 00 00 00 00
5.17.4 Residential Plot Size
The baseline survey reveals that the plot size in the sub-project area is between: 2500 ft. to 3500 sq. ft. in 25.4% households; 3600 ft. to 5000 sq. ft. in 35.2% households; and above 5000 sq. ft. in 39.2% households.
Table 5.18: Plot Size Marghazani Khajjak Dehpal Cumulative % Kurak Village Village in %` Village in % Village in % Plot Size in Sq. ft. (Approx.) in % 2500 to 3500 20 23 22.2 40 25.4 3600 to 5000 60 23 27.7 40 35.2 5000 & Above 20 53 50 20 39.2
5.18 Land Ownership
The baseline survey indicates that in Kurak, Marghazani and Dehpal channels there is communal ownership of land. Land share distributions are determined annualy by flipping a coin. In Khajjak village, however, land ownership is distributed among shareholders according to a fixed pattern. Sale of land is not common practices in Kurak, Marghazani and Dehpal villages while in Khajjak village if land is sold the transfer of ownership is done formally and is recorded with the revenue department.
5.19 Community Based Organization (CBOs) and NGOs
At the Sibi district level, two national NGOs are active: Balochistan Rural Support Program (BRSP) is working on the malaria control program; and, Saiban is working on health sector issues.
5.20 Customary Institutions
The tribal system exists at all four villages. At Kurak channel the tribe is Barozai, in Marghazani tribes include Saffi and Marghazani, in Khajjak Channel the tribe is Khajjak and in Dehpal the tribe is Rind.
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5.21 Local Government and Administration
Local level elected representatives are active in the sub-project areas. In all four villages, four union council chairmen along with other elected councillors work on local or union level development. District level development activities are the mandate of the district council which is headed by the Chairman District Council.
The local level district (Sibi) bureaucracy consists of the Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner (DC), Additional Deputy Commissioner, Assistant Commissioner, revenue officers, and officer’s in-charge of line departments. Law and order is the responsibility of the police and levies23 force.
5.22 Law and Order Situation
The law and order situation in Sibi district, including the sub-project channels, is normal and under the control of the district administration and law enforcement agencies (police and levies).
5.23 Community Cultural Properties
The following community cultural properties are found in the all village of sub-project channels. These cultural properties do not fall in the channel alignment area or RoW of any of the channel area. The details are illustrated in the following table.
Table 5.19: Community Cultural Properties Village Grave Yard Mosque Dehpal One Grave yard 04 mosque Kurak One Grave Yard 03 mosque Khajjak One Grave Yard 05 Mosque Marghazani One Grave Yard 07 Mosques
5.24 Community Awareness about Sub-Project Works
The communities of all four two villages are aware about the proposed sub-project works and implementation schedule. This awareness was provided during repeated cycles of public consultations by the project staff.
5.25 Community Demands
During public consultations and baseline data collection activities on both sub-project channels, basic priority needs of the communities were determined. These are as follows:
jobs under the sub-project proper sewerage and water supply system natural gas properly paved access roads.
23 The Levies are a paramilitary force responsible for law and order in areas classified as “B” areas of Balochistan. These are mostly rural and/or remote areas, often having strong tribal institutions. Most of Balochistan is encompassed in this category
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6 Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigations Measures
6.1 Overview
This Chapter assesses the impacts on the environment (physical and biological) and social aspects of the sub-project channels of Nari Gorge integrated schemes. It determines the significance of impacts and recommends mitigation measures to be implemented by the contractor during the execution phase of the sub-project.
6.1.1 Screening of Environmental and Social Impacts
As part of the environmental and social impact assessment process, a screening matrix focusing on environmental and social impacts is developed specifically for the proposed sub-project. The matrix examined the interaction of project activities with various components of the environment and of society. The impacts were broadly classified as physical, biological and social. Each of these broad categories was further divided into different aspects. The potential impacts thus predicted were characterized as:
High negative (adverse) impact, Medium (adverse) impact, Low Adverse Impact High positive (beneficial) impact, Medium positive impact, and Low Positive
Appropriate mitigation measures are recommended in this chapter. These measures are set in place to reduce the occurrence or possibility and severity of potential adverse impacts.
6.1.2 Impact Characterization
Once potentially adverse impacts were identified, they were characterized as follows:
Nature: Direct/Indirect Duration of impact: Short term (less than 5 years of project), Medium term (5 to 15 years) and long term (15 Years and above) Reversibility of impact: Reversible/Irreversible Likelihood of impact: Certain, Likely, Unlikely, Rare Consequence of Impact: Severe, Moderate, Mild/Minor.
6.1.3 Impact Assessment and Mitigation
An impact assessment was completed based on the impact characterization above. All the attributes of an impact, particularly the likelihood of occurrence and consequence severity, were used to assess the impact either as ‘high’, ‘medium’, or of ‘low’ significance. Each environmental and social impact identified during the screening stage was assessed according to this criterion.
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6.1.4 Determination of Mitigation Measures
Following the impact characterization and assessment, appropriate mitigation measures were identified. These measures are set in place to minimize, if not eliminate, the adverse impacts associated with sub- project activities.
6.1.5 Assessment of Residual Impacts
Mitigation measures cannot always eliminate the adverse impacts associated with project activities. In many cases, there are residual impacts even after the implementation of mitigation measures. The final step of the entire impact assessment process is to determine the residual impact. These residual impacts are monitored during project implementation and it is ensured that they become insignificant.
6.2 Environmental Impacts
6.2.1 Air Quality
A decline in the ambient air quality within the vicinity of works is expected during the construction phase activities. The machinery, equipment, diesel generators, operation of batching plant and project vehicles will be used for movement of people and construction activities such as excavation, leveling, filling of earth material etc. Due to these activities release of exhaust emissions, containing carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), and particulate matter (PM) is expected, which can deteriorate the ambient air quality in the sub-project site and access roads. Furthermore, vehicular movement on unpaved tracks or katch routes may also cause fugitive dust emissions. The impact has been characterized and given table below.
Table 6.1: Impact Characterization-Air Quality Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium (adverse)
6.2.1.1 Mitigations
Ambient air quality analysis of the sub-project area has been carried-out to know the baseline data before the execution of the sub-project. The existing prevailing conditions of ambient air is provided in Section 4.1.3. The following mitigations will be used to minimize the impact.
Contractor camps will be established at least 500 m from communities. The construction machinery, generators, all equipment’s and vehicles will be kept in good working condition and properly tuned, to minimize the exhaust emissions. The exhaust emissions will comply with the NEQS. Fugitive dust emissions will be minimized by continuous water sprinkling/water spraying on soil. The sub-project vehicles will avoid passing through the communities and cultivation fields as far as possible. If unavoidable, speed will be reduced to 15 km/h to avoid excessive dust emissions. While working within or near the communities for works such as construction of new alignments and or structures, coordination with the communities will be maintained to minimize any detrimental impacts on the crops, settlements or cultural values. Any area taken for haulage shall be taken with the permission of farmers and with a commitment to pay due compensation accordingly. Diesel generation should be fitted with aquostic enclosure and stack of appropriate height for the proper dispersion of emission
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The minimum generator stack height and clearance from existing structures shall be as defined in the following figure.
Figure 6.1:Minimum Generator Stack Height and Clearance24
HG= H+1.5L
Where:
HG==Stack height measured from ground level H= Height of existing nearby structures above ground level at stack L= lesser dimension of h or w h= Height of existing nearby structures w= Width of existing nearby structures
6.2.1.2 Residual Impact
Because of the proposed works, an increase in the levels of PM, SO2, NOx and CO shall result in the degradation of ambient air quality. Through the implementation of the mitigations detailed above, the concentrations of these parameters shall not exceed the NEQS, reducing the impact magnitude to Low Adverse Impact in the short term, reducing to neutral following completion of works.
6.2.2 Dust
The potential for dust emissions in the sub-project area shall be increased due to clearance of vegetation, earth works within the COI prior to embankment raising works and the construction of structures. This shall be exacerbated due to the running of vehicles on the earthen routes vegetation clearance. Dust shall also be produced by vehicles running on earthen haul routes between the embankments and katcha routes. The erosion of open storage piles (aggregate, fill etc.) shall also result in an increase in dust in the sub-project area, as shall the operation of batching plant.
24 Source: IFC General Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines
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The first stage of the dust emission assessment involves the identification of construction activities which have the potential to cause dust emissions and the degree of that potential. The following table identifies work activities, the likelihood and consequence of potential dust emissions (low, medium, high) and the expected duration of such emissions.
Table 6.2: Potential for Dust Emissions by Works Activity Stage Description Potential Dust Like hood Duration Consequence Emitting Activities Setup of works Construction of Vegetation Likely Short term Minor contractor’s clearance camps Excavation works Transport of materials Vehicle Movement Roads and Infrastructure Installation of new Excavation works, Certain Short term Minor tracks /access to placing of hard core borrow areas as fill. required. Repairs Transport of to existing IP and materials NIP to ensure Re-suspension of access dust on un-surfaced roads Site clearance and Clearing land and Earthmoving Certain Short term Minor earthworks borrow pits Excavation of material from canal Disposal of spoil Embankment works Storage and transport of materials Access to site Transport of Heavy and light Likely Short term Moderate materials and vehicles using un- personnel to and surfaced access around site roads and IP/NIP causing re- suspension of dust Construction/rehabilitation Construction of Concrete Certain Short term Moderate of structures regulators. batching/mixture Construction of machines temporary and Transport of permanent materials facilities (staff and Storage of materials office Preparation of accommodation, materials (cutting workshops, etc.) storage, security walls etc.) Decommissioning Demolition, site Earthmoving Certain Short term Minor clearance Excavation Transport of materials Re-suspension of dust on un-surfaced roads
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The impact has been characterized in the following table.
Table 6.3: Impact Characterization-Dust Generation Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium Adverse
6.2.2.1 Mitigations
Water bowsers shall be used to sprinkle water till the extent of earthwork, and haulage routes to reduce dust emissions resulting from vehicles passing along these un-surfaced routes. This shall be the main mitigation during the project duration. Water sprinkling should be focused on access routes near the villages. Hard-core fill be used to repair the kacha routes to make them accessible to heavy vehicles shall also reduce the impact as the larger fill material has a lower dust raising potential. Vehicle speeds shall also be limited to 15km/hr. These actions shall reduce the dust raising potential of these long running activities, and if effectively implemented, this shall reduce the impact magnitude to minor. The contractor shall be required to submit a traffic management plan which identifies the proposed access and haulage routes and shall be prohibited from using any routes other than those specified in the traffic management plan. The contractor shall be required to minimize double handling of material during earthworks operations for the embankment strengthening and channel lining. The contractor shall be prohibited from vegetation clearance beyond the RoW. Water sprinkling shall be carried out at material stockpiles where dust is generated Materials delivered to site, such as cement, loose material, sand or aggregates shall be transported in covered truck.
6.2.2.2 Residual Impact
By applying above mitigations, the impact significance shall reduce to Low Adverse Impact for the duration of the works, reducing to neutral following the completion of work.
6.2.3 Occupational Health and Safety
During the implementation phase of the sub-project, construction phase will include various activities such as; construction of contractor camps, operations on channel lining, installation of a batching plant, earthworks, movement of various heavy machines (lorries and dumpers) and manual handling during loading unloading operation, bad housekeeping, improper storage hazardous materials, (i.e petrol, admixtures etc), as result of these works there will be a direct impact on the health and safety of all staffs working in sub-project. The potential effects that can occur during the construction activities are:
Table 6.4: Activities and Potential Impact Activity Potential Impact (in Worst Case) Earthworks Ill health due to dust or injury/death following accident caused due to poor visibility Use of hazardous substances Ill health/injury/death from improper handling Manual handling Injury from improper lifting Working in vicinity of heavy plant Injury/ill health due to high noise or emissions Inhabitation of construction camp Ill health due to poor quality or unhygienic camps General site works Injury from slips and trips
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Activity Potential Impact (in Worst Case) Working at height Injury/death from fall during the construction of contractor’s camps, installation of batching plant. Operation of heavy construction Injury/death plant/machinery Movement of vehicles and plant Injury/death from traffic accidents
The health and safety impact has been characterized as follows:
Table 6.5: Impact Characterization- Health and Safety Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Severe High Adverse
6.2.3.1 Mitigations
The contractor shall also employ a safety officer who shall have day to day responsibility for health and safety at each work site in accordance to the World Bank Group General Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines25. He must prepare and identify:
Emergency prevention, preparedness and response arrangements – including details of emergency evacuation of labor following a life-threatening accident to the nearest hospitals Provision of security The contractor shall prepare a Health and Safety Plan which is relevant to his chosen methodology. Identification of potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life threatening Provision of preventative and protective measures, including modification, substitution, or elimination of hazardous conditions or substances Training of workers Documentation and reporting of occupational accidents, diseases and incidents. Provision of supply of personal protective equipment shall also be mandatory for all staffs and visitors.
In additions the following arrangement shall be made:
Adequate lighting and electricity supply Fire prevention and fire fighting equipment Sheltered kitchen area (separated from living quarters) Proper ventilation facility with availability of electric fans Pedestrian routes segregated from vehicular traffic routes An adequate number of toilets and sanitary fittings (1 toilet, 1 hand wash basin, 1 bathroom with bench per 10 persons to be provided) located no greater than 60m from dormitories. Floor to ceiling partitions within sanitary facility buildings for privacy Lined washing areas Safe and reliable water supplied from tube wells that meet the national standards A minimum area of 4m² and one bed per person resident in a camp dormitory Camp building with a minimum height of 2.1m
25https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B%2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines. pdf?MOD=AJPERES
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Appropriate protection against heat, cold, damp, noise, fire and disease-carrying animals, in particular insects. Float finished, plain cement washable floor for easy cleaning throughout camp buildings. Provision of mosquito nets Locks to doors and windows on camps Regular cleaning throughout camps Laundry facilities In-house community/common entertainment facilities for foreign staff. Dependence of local entertainment outlets by foreign staff is to be discouraged. Drinking water First aid kits
The contractor shall be required to comply with the IFC and EBRD guidance note on Workers’ accommodation: processes and standards26, which shall be incorporated into the contract documents. This guidance note covers the following standards:
Sanitary and toilet facilities Canteens and cooking General living facilities Dormitory facilities Nutrition and food safety Medical facilities Leisure, social and telecommunication facilities
The guidelines on the details of Workers Accommodation Guidance Note (IFC/EBRD) are given below:
Table 6.6: Workers Accomodation Guidance Note (IFC/EBRD) S. No IFC Guidelines Best Practice 1 Structures, surfaces and installations should Surfaces (including flooring and work surfaces) in camps, be easy to clean and maintain, and not allow kitchens, dining areas and workshops should be solid and for accumulation of hazardous compounds easy to clean. Flooring for work camps must be float finished concrete or better. 2 Buildings should be structurally safe, provide Contractor’s staff accommodation must be structurally appropriate protection against the climate, sound and provided with lighting and ventilation. and have acceptable light and noise Accommodation must be situated at least 25m from the conditions nearest generator 3 Floors should be level, even, and non-skid As for #1 4 Work place structures should be designed Contractor’s staff accommodation must be located such and constructed to withstand the expected that it is not at risk from flooding elements for the region and have an area designated for safe refuge, if appropriate 5 The work space provided for each worker, The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval a and in total, should be adequate for safe site layout plan, identifying work areas, accommodation, execution of all activities, including transport kitchen, dining area, sanitary facilities, location of and interim storage of materials and generators, plant and vehicle parking, transport routes products through the camp, pedestrian routes through the camp,
26 Available at: http://www.ebrd.com/downloads/about/history/workers.pdf
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S. No IFC Guidelines Best Practice evacuation routes, emergency exits, batching plants, storage areas, waste facilities etc. 6 Passages to emergency exits should be Evacuation routes to be unobstructed at all times. At least unobstructed at all times. There should be a two emergency exits to be provided from each building minimum of two exits from any work area and the camp itself. 7 Equipping facilities with fire detectors, alarm Fire extinguishers should be provided throughout camps systems and fire-fighting equipment. The and work sites. Fire extinguishers should be inspected equipment should be maintained in good monthly and maintained as necessary working order and be readily accessible. 8 Adequate lavatory facilities (toilets and Separate latrines and washing facilities for males and washing areas) should be provided for the females with total isolation by wall or by location shall be number of people expected to work. provided. Female toilets should be clearly marked in Allowances should be made for segregated language understood by those using them to avoid facilities, or indicating whether the toilet miscommunication facility is “In Use” or “Vacant” Suitable and sufficient washing facilities, including showers, shall be provided or made available at readily accessible places within the immediate vicinity of every sanitary facility. Washing facilities shall include a supply of clean running water, soap or other suitable means of cleaning and towels or other suitable means of drying. Rooms containing washing facilities shall be sufficiently ventilated and lit and kept in a clean and orderly condition 9 Where workers may be exposed to As for #8 substances poisonous by ingestion and skin contamination may occur, facilities for showering and changing into and out of street and work clothes should be provided 10 Adequate supplies of potable drinking water An adequate and reliable supply of safe drinking water should be provided from a fountain with an shall be made available at readily accessible and suitable upward jet or with a sanitary means of places including at all camps. collecting the water for the purposes of The Contractor shall take samples from each supply of drinking. Water supplied to areas of food drinking water and arrange for these to be samples to be preparation for personal hygiene (washing or tested at a licenced laboratory prior to its use by the bathing) should meet drinking water quality Contractor’s staff. The results of these tests for each standards supply must be submitted to the Engineer and must demonstrate that each water supply meets national and World Health Organisation standards for drinking water. 11 Where there is potential for exposure to The Contractor shall provide and maintain adequate substances poisonous by ingestion, suitable hygienic kitchens which are sheltered and separated from arrangements are to be made for provision the living quarters. Kitchens shall include raised and of clean eating areas where workers are not washable surfaces suitable for food preparation. The exposed to the hazardous or noxious Contractor shall provide and maintain adequate hygienic substances dining areas for staff. 12 Workplaces should, to the degree feasible, Work places and camps should be provided with both receive natural light and be supplemented natural and artificial light. Artificial lighting should be with sufficient artificial illumination to powered by generator in the event of power cuts. promote workers’ safety and health, and enable safe equipment operation. Supplemental ‘task lighting’ may be required where specific visual acuity requirements should be met. Emergency lighting of adequate intensity should be installed and automatically activated upon failure of the principal artificial
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S. No IFC Guidelines Best Practice light source to ensure safe shut-down, evacuation, etc. 13 Passageways for pedestrians and vehicles Pedestrian and vehicle routes are to be included in site within and outside buildings should be layout plans to be submitted to the Engineer for approval segregated and provide for easy, safe, and appropriate access 14 The employer should ensure that qualified A qualified doctor shall be appointed on site and first-aid can be provided at all times. adequately equipped and properly staffed portable first aid Appropriately equipped first-aid stations stations or dispensaries shall be provided by the should be easily accessible throughout the Contractor at camps and other strategic locations, to place of work administer first aid treatment at any time required and free of charge to all persons on the Site, including personnel of the Engineer and the Employer. The nature, number and location of facilities furnished and the Contractor's staff for administering first-aid treatment shall, as a minimum, meet the requirements of the Health Service of the Government of Pakistan. Dispensaries should be adequately stocked with medicines. The doctor shall be registered to practice in Pakistan with the PMDC (Pakistan Medical and Dental Council).
6.2.3.2 Residual Impact
After the implementation of above mitigations, the impact significance shall reduce to medium (adverse) for the duration of the works, however, will become neutral after the completion of work.
6.2.4 Noise and Vibration
Noise and vibration will be created because of the construction works near the village’s areas. The main impacts will be from increased traffic along haulage routes, operation of batching plant, operation diesel generator. The duration of the impact will be short terms and will occur, when the work is carried out near the settlement villages. The existing noise levels in the sub-project area are below the permissible provided in NEQs. The noise levels of equipment’s and machinery is given in the table below27 .
Table 6.7: Noise Levels of Equipment/Machinery Equipment/Machinery Noise Level (dB) Generator <85 Bull Dozer 96 Roller 90 Grader <85 Truck 96 Concrete Mixer <85 Concrete Pump <85
27 Construction Noise, Workers Compensation Board of British Columbia
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The impact characterization of noise and vibrations is evaluated as follows:
Table 6.8: -Impact Characterization- Noise and Vibration Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Minor Low adverse
6.2.4.1 Mitigations
The contractors working hours shall be limited to between 7 a.m and 7p.m, six days a week to reduce disturbance. Movement of all sub-project vehicles and personnel will be restricted to within the work areas. The Community Liaison Officer shall notify affected people and communities prior to undertaking, especially noisy work activities and prior to any noise event outside of daylight hours. The contractor shall keep in place any acoustic guards, covers and doors provided on plant, generators and vehicles and maintain all in accordance with manufacturer’s maintenance procedures to ensure good working order. The pressure horns will not be allowed while passing through or near communities in the sub-project area. The contractor shall train the operators of construction equipment on potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise levels.
6.2.4.2 Residual Impact
Following the implementation of these mitigations, the impact shall reduce to neutral in short term and following completion of the works.
6.2.5 Improved Irrigation System
The construction of structures and lining of channels to be carried out under this sub-project will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of irrigation water distribution within the command area of the Nari Gorge System and as a result will improve the reliability and equity of irrigation flow and ultimate user satisfaction. The Perennial irrigation system is to be remodelled to increase the cropped area from 6,990 to 17,840 ha by reducing application losses in un-levelled fields and water conveyance. The two small-scale spate irrigation systems are designed to command 608 ha and control flood waters in wet years, so that the perennial canal system is not affected. Designed with a cropping intensity of 133%, the perennial irrigation command will provide a cropped area of 23,726 ha and the spate irrigation system with cropping intensity of 100% will provide a cultivated area of 608 ha. Thus, the total cultivated area will reach 24,334 ha28.
The availability of perennial water is approximately 3.4 m3/s, which is enough to provide irrigation to around 17,840 ha of command area using a cropping intensity of 133%. The average floodwater has been assessed for the two small-scale spate irrigation systems, which is around 1.8 million m3. A design command area of 607 ha is taken so that in the wet year all floodwater can be utilized without affecting the canal irrigation system29.
28 Design report Nari Gorge 29 Design report Nari Gorge
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To ensure consistent flow of water to the downstream side, temporary diversion will be constructed, in phases and as required along the length of the channel, during channel lining and widening works. Due to the construction of temporary diversions with same water holding capacity, water availability to downstream side will not be effected in any season. The water quality in the project area is already depleted, however, there is a risk that water quality will be further deteriorated due to various events. The various risk are further discussed and mitigated in section 6.2.7
This benefit will either be direct, through the construction of channels and replacement of new structures, or indirectly due to the remodelled profile of canals reducing the issues of sedimentation in tail end water courses. It will benefit all canals of taking sub-channels well as their off-takes.
Table 6.9: Impact Characterization- Improved Irrigation Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Long Term Irreversible Certain Severe Highly Beneficial Positive
6.2.5.1 Residual Impact
The impact significance of the intended outcome/benefits of the sub-project - is judged to be highly positive in the long term.
6.2.6 Loss of Vegetation and Trees
Vegetation and trees on the existing embankments will need to be removed for purposes of jungle clearance and the widening and lining of channel works. All the trees on the embankment (IP/NIP) belongs to the irrigation department, and a total 249 number of tree are anticipated to be removed from Khajjak Channel and Marghazani channel. A strip of approximately of 8m (26ft) will need to be cleared from the area adjacent to the existing outer toe of the embankments to allow construction of new, wider and higher, set back embankments on both sides of the channels. The cleared vegetation material may be reused to backfill the borrow area or abandoned portion, or to close temporary diversions.
Table 6.10: Branch wise number No. and Kind of Trees Name of Canal30 Kandi Keeker Mulki Keker Biskoot Khajjak Channel 89 No trees 59 Marghazani Channel 45 56 No Trees Total 89+45+56= 249
Table 6.11: Impact Characterization-Loss of Vegetation and Trees Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short Term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium (Adverse)
30 No trees exits on remaning channels and flood irrigation systems
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6.2.6.1 Mitigations
The community was consulted about the expected removal of trees to avoid anticipated frustration among the local community. They were also informed about the replacement tree plantation measures (Five trees for one tree felled). Clearing of natural vegetation and cutting of trees will be minimized as far as possible during the channel lining and embankment raising works. Five (05) trees of each tree cut shall be planted. A Total of (249*5=1,245) new trees shall be planted and new trees will be planted as linear plantation at the inspection and non-inspection path (embankments) of channels, locations from where the trees has been cut and on empty patches of both channels. The contractor along with PSIA will jointly identify tree plantation areas and shall be made part of Contractor Tree Plantation Plan. The construction crew will be provided with LPG for cooking (and heating, if required) purpose. Use of fuel wood will not be allowed. No fires will be allowed in the open. The contractor shall clearly mark each tree that need to be removed with a cross on all four sides using a highly visible paint. The marking shall be located at approximately 4.5 feet from the base of the tree. The contractor shall prepare an inventory of all trees to be cut. The inventory shall include the following details for each tree: Reference number Location Species Girth Approximate height Photograph of tree The contractor will submit the inventory to the Engineer and PMU, and no tree cutting will be permitted until written approval is received from the Engineer. An inventory of trees cut by the contractor during the execution of works will be maintained throughout the construction period. The contractor will minimize the number of trees to be cut, making careful and selective pruning where possible to reduce the need for removal. The Engineer will only approve tree cutting where a complete tree inventory has been submitted to the Engineer detailing all trees included in the request. A joint visit between the Engineer and the Contractor (or their representatives) will be carried out to verify the inventory prior to approval. Once the Contractor receives approval from the Engineer and PMU he can proceed to cut the sanctioned trees and will store them in a designated and secure storage area. The Contractor will mark each cut section of a tree with a unique reference number that corresponds to a reference number given in the tree inventory. The Contractor will maintain the tree inventory to include the number of cut sections of each tree and storage details of each section removed from the site. The tree inventory will be kept up-to- date and available to the Engineer at all times. The contract for the works will include plantation of five times the number of mature trees that are cut during construction. A mature tree is defined as a tree with a girth greater than 0.15 m (six inches). The contractor will be responsible for aftercare of these trees All trees to be replanted will be native species as they have the best chances for survival. All cut down trees will be handed to irrigation department.
6.2.6.2 Residual Impact
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The potential impacts of the proposed project on natural vegetation and trees are expected to be moderate in nature. With the help of the afore-mentioned mitigation measures, these impacts are expected to reduce further. Significance of the residual impacts on the floral resources of the area is therefore expected to be ‘low’
6.2.7 Surface and Ground Water Pollution
Pollution to surface and ground water may occur for a range of pollution events. The impact due to the decline in the availability, as well as quality, of channel water shall result in decline surface water quality ultimately declining agricultural productivity and drinking water supply for a vulnerable population.
There shall also be a risk of contamination to surface and ground water resulting from bad waste management in camps and construction sites, where it is expected that large quantities of solid waste will be generated construction sites. Wastes shall include demolition material (concrete, masonry, steel gates and rubber seals) and debris from construction sites (excess aggregate, sand etc.).
Improper disposal of domestic waste, food waste, sewage waste can result in contaminated leachate or runoff reaching the ground or surface water resources. Proper management of solid waste is also important because of the risk that improper solid waste handling and disposal poses to human health and environmental degradation. Delay in delivery of solid wastes to landfills (dump sites) results in nuisance and unpleasant odours, which attract flies and other disease vectors. Open solid waste dumps can also provide suitable breeding places for vermin and flies and other disease vectors and can also contain pathogenic micro-organisms. During the baseline sampling total coliform, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli, sulphate, potassium, ammonia, iron, mercury, nitrite level was found high in surface water sample, then the permissible limits of NDWQs
The risk of leaks or spills is especially high in the main camp or any sub-camp. Contaminated ground water holds potential health hazards, if the contaminant reaches ground water aquifers which are exploited for drinking purposes. Risks of ground water contamination may also result from wastewater disposal in any of the camps. The quality of surface and ground is already depleted in these area and due to the unanticipated events, the impact of ground water and surface water contamination will be further felt most severely by those nearby who depend on ground water as their source of drinking water and domestic needs.
Table 6.12: Impact Characterization-Surface and Ground Water Pollution Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short Term Reversible Likely Moderate Medium Adverse
6.2.7.1 Mitigations
Contractor camp will not be located within 500 m of channels and community. The contractor’s will submit its contractor environmental and social management plan which must include (camp layout and waste disposal system and obtain approval). Vehicles will only be washed in designated areas within each camp site. All fuel tanks and other hazardous material storage containers will be properly marked to highlight their contents. Hazardous material storage areas shall include a concrete floor to prevent soil contamination in case of leaks or spills and be permanently covered. Hazardous material storage areas shall be secured, and access shall be controlled.
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Fuel storage areas and generators will have secondary containment in the form of concrete or brick masonry bunds Within the camp areas all solid wastes will be stored in the waste bins provided within the camp area and the waste disposed of regularly. The waste will be transported to disposal points in well maintained, designated and covered vehicles. The biodegradable domestic waste shall be disposed of in landfills established in the sub-project area or disposed of at municipal waste facilities where available. Landfills shall be sited at the main camp and in each sub-camp in areas where groundwater is low and, where the base of the landfill is highly permeable, the base shall be lined with an impervious layer (such as clay) to prevent ground water contamination. The contractor shall provide fences and secure landfills to prevent unauthorised access. Medical wastes will be temporarily stored on site as a hazardous material and ultimately incinerated at a medical facility A sewerage system will be constructed for disposal of the waste water from all staff and labor camps. The quality of the sewage water shall be monitored on a quarterly basis against NEQS. Refuelling points shall be provided with a concrete pad and bund, or drip trays shall be used to prevent soil contamination in the event of leaks or spills. The contractor shall submit a plan for treatment using septic systems to PSIA during mobilization for approval. The plan must include designs or specifications demonstrating that the treatment rate of the system exceeds the loading rate, maintenance of the system, proposal for treatment and disposal of sludge from septic tanks.
6.2.7.2 Residual Impact
By the implementation of above mitigations, impact reducing to insignificance, assuming best practice by the contractor, and will become neutral following completion of works.
6.2.8 Fauna
It is anticipated that there might be a risk to terrestrial key avi-fauna “Indian River Tern (Sterna aurantia),- Near Threatened, Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga) and Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii)- Vulnerable” during construction operation works, such as; struck by construction machinery (run over or struck by excavator bucket). While, there might be also a risk to key ground nesting birds shall be struck by the plant during works throughout the nesting season. This risk is not considered beyond the nesting period, as outside this period, the birds shall vacate the area before construction machinery approaches. There is also a potential risk to the terrestrial species of Afghan Tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii)-Vulnerable, which may struck by the construction machinery and excavation of its burrows resulting from excavation of temporary diversions, and to a lesser extent, farm land, throughout the sub-project channels. The sub project area are mostly built up and usual activities are related to farming. While Illegal hunting and shooting of faunal species by working staff be possible. However there is no major adverse impacts related to operation phase, and impact will be of temporary nature. While there are no any critically endangered or endangered fauna species are present in the sub-project area
The proposed works will require the establishment of construction and labor camps which will generate construction; domestic, sanitary and hazardous wastes. This has some impacts to fauna. The greatest potential impacts result from uncontrolled waste disposal and include entanglement of fauna within solid waste and pollution of water sources due to improper disposal of waste. In addition, it is also anticipated that noise created during the construction works may also cause temporarily impact on fauna behaviour,
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and may vacate the nesting areas due to noise pollution and disturbance due to construction works, particularly, when the works are carried out in night time.
Table 6.13: Impact Characterization-Fauna Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short Term to Reversible Likely Moderate Medium Adverse Medium Term
6.2.8.1 Mitigations
The contractor will train staff engaged in earthworks or vegetation clearance operations in the identification of the following species which are known to nest at ground level. On identification of any such nest, the contractor shall immediately cease works in the area and inform the Engineer and PIU. The contractor environment officer shall survey the construction site to eliminate the potential risk of any of the above fauna species prior to the construction works. Safe transfer of the nest and protection measures to be followed by the contractor, if is there any sighting of species in the construction area. Beside that the contractor will also submit the site habitat management plan with all mitigation measures. The contractor shall be prohibited from felling any tree which houses an active nest. Following identification and marking of trees to be cut, complete an inspection of those trees to be cut and identify any trees housing an active nest, being particularly vigilant in the identification of nests. Should an active nest be identified, the contractor shall be prohibited from felling the tree which houses this nest until PIC and PIU assess that the nest is no longer in use. The contractors working hours shall be limited to between 7 a.m and 7p.m. to avoid disturbance to fauna in Night time. The contractor shall train the operators of construction equipment on potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise levels There shall be a ban on hunting, poaching or trapping built into each contract. The contractor’s staff shall be required to sign a code of conduct prohibiting hunting, poaching or trapping. Garbage will not be left in the open. The project staff will not be allowed to indulge in any hunting or trapping activities. In case any project activity is carried out in any protected area, a separate environmental study will be carried out in accordance with the Change Management. The measures to prevent soil and water contamination will forestall any adverse impact on the faunal resources of the area. As part of the CESMP, the contractor shall prepare conservation plan to avoid any impact on these animals during construction.
In case of any chance of the sensitive areas or habitat location, the contractor shall require preparing the alternative habitat management plan and implementing accordingly without any additional cost. The plan shall document the presence of affected species, the land needs of the species that may be met on the development site and shall recommend appropriate habitat management plans and other measures to protect the subject wildlife.
6.2.8.2 Residual Impact
The potential impacts of the proposed project on the wildlife of the area are expected to be moderate in nature. By implementing these mitigation measures, anticipated impacts are expected to reduce further.
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The Significance of the residual impacts on the faunal resources of the area is therefore expected to be ‘low’.
6.2.9 Forest
There are seven (7) Notified natural forests which include; Nari Bank, Bakhra, Lehri, Gulu Shahr, Dehpal, Abdullah Kheli, and Thali, measuring as 8,920 hectares in total for details. No any work activities are proposed near to these notified forest, therefore, none of the forest shall be harmed or disturb.
6.2.10 Protected or Sensitive Areas
The reintroduction of extinct Chinkara Deer, the Forest & Wildlife Department have developed a deer breeding facility on 200 acres which is a good conservation example of Public Private Partnership. This conservation exists out-side of the corridor of impact therefore, there shall be no any disturbance or impact to this specie.
One Game reserve area exists in Ziarat District, which is situated at upstream side of the Nari River Basin and 286 Km away from the sub-project works, therefore, there will be no impact to game reserve areas. Furthermore, all the engineering works will be carried out at the associated channels of Nari River Basin and will not have any impact to Hamal Lake and Manchar Lake. These both Lakes are also found outside the boundaries of Nari River Basin.
6.3 Social Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures
6.3.1 Possible Positive and Economic Impacts
Following are the potential positive social impacts of the sub-project:
No negative livelihood impact on any vulnerable groups (poor women, single women living alone, elderly, infirm or ill, orphans etc.) No water rights at all sub-project channel will be changed. No economic displacement of local communities. Reduced water losses Water will reach the tail end of the channel benefiting tail end farmers. Increase in skilled/unskilled jobs opportunities for area residents Skilled/unskilled jobs opportunities to villager will be increased. No change in alignment of channel, therefore, no requirement of community owned land
6.3.2 Impediment to Community Movement
Four villages, Khajjak, Dehpal, Marghazani and Kurak villages are in heavily cultivated areas. Community disturbance will potentially be created because of an increased volume of traffic expected within the sub- project area. This, in turn, will lead to congestion on transport routes causing delays to local traffic. The contractor will use existing main roads which are all used for transportation/communication purposes by the local communities. The main impact will arise due to the use of existing roads which pass through or are adjacent to major settlements.
The impact characterization of community disturbance is given below:
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Table 6.14: Impact Characterization-Impediment to Community Movement Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Moderate Medium Adverse
6.3.2.1 Mitigations
The project has a grievance redressed mechanism in place to address community complaints and resolve these in a timely and effective manner. Details of transport and medical treatment e-route are to be included. A complaints register shall be placed at the Contractor’s, PIU and Engineer’s offices to address complaints. Where appropriate, the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security matters shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities to maintain effective surveillance of public health, social impacts and security. The contractor’s traffic management plan shall include plans for the emergency transfer of members of the public to suitable medical facilities in the event of a serious accident due to the construction works. The contractor for the works shall be required to implement a traffic management plan to the approval of the Engineer and the Client to reduce stress on the transport system. The contractor shall also submit a training plan to the Engineer for approval – this plan must include training of drivers. All drivers engaged by contractors must hold a valid license for the vehicle they are operating, and a speed limit of 15km/hr on site roads shall be enforced. The contractor shall provide warning signage where access routes pass adjacent to settlements or schools. The contractor shall provide flag persons where construction plant and vehicles cross, or join, main roads in the sub-project area to ensure project traffic merges safely with public traffic. Signage and flag men are to be provided by the contractor to direct public traffic whenever it is necessary to partially close any public road (i.e. close one of two carriage ways). Blockage of local roads and routes will be minimized. If unavoidable, consultation with the concerned communities will be carried out and alternate routes (by-passes) shall be identified and advertised. Requests
6.3.2.2 Residual Impact
Through the implementation of these mitigation measures, the impact significance will be reduced to low moderately adverse during construction phase, and neutral following completion of works.
6.4 Induced Economic Development during Construction
The sub-project will potentially lead to economic development through direct and indirect investments in the area. Hiring of local labor will be prioritized and workers will benefit due to the availability of an additional source of income. These income, in turn, will hopefully lead to an increase in economic activity and contribute to local area economic development. Direct employment usually creates indirect employment (which results from increased business expenditure on goods and services including procurement of materials, equipment and services) and induced employment (employment generated in the local and regional economy by increased spending of direct, on site employees and indirect, supply chain, employees).
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Table 6.15: Impact Characterization- Induced Economic Development Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Severe Highly Positive
6.4.1.1 Residual Impact
The impact significance is assessed to be highly positive in the short term, reducing to neutral following conclusion of sub-project works.
6.4.2 Labor Influx
Priority will be given to local area inhabitants for skilled and unskilled labor jobs. Majority of labor need will be met from the sub-project areas. The sub-project will also require skilled workers and these may be available from the community. It is anticipated that approximately 75% of the workforce will be from the sub-project area while some 25% of labor (skilled) would be hired from outside the sub-project area. This labor influx may have an impact on social norms, culture and economy of the area. Temporary employment within the area would contribute to a reduction in the local poverty level. Increased employment for area inhabitants will also result in an increase in the skill base of those employed on the sub-project. However, labor influx from outside the local community may result in a ‘squeeze’ on local resources. Most importantly, there may be behavior and practices which are not considered appropriate or socially acceptable by the community resulting in conflict between the local community and the contractor’s staff. Due to the influx of labor, there is a risk of potential gender based violence or sexual exploitation and abuse among women and children and other vulnerable population groups (poor women, single women living alone, elderly, infirm or ill, orphans etc). These can contribute to enduring physical and mental harm, while undercutting the ability of survivors, and often their families, to engage in meaningful, productive lives
Table 6.16: Impact Characterization- Labor Influx Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Certain Moderate Medium Beneficial
6.4.2.1 Mitigations
Priority will be given to locals for skilled and unskilled jobs. Adequate training to migrant labor will be provided on cultural norms of local community. The Contractor will employ a full time qualified Human Resource Officer for the project who is conversant with the Ministry of Labor and Manpower laws and their objectives related to:Priority will be given to mitigate the risk of gender based violence, sexual exploitation and abuse. The Contractor shall ensure that: Shelters are built for safety and privacy (e.g. alternative lighting when no power, secure locks/windows, etc.) Appropriate transportation for vulnerable groups. A code of conduct is developed for all staff and labor describing acceptable and prohibited behaviours (guidelines are given below) Inequality, discrimination, and marginalization, including on the bases of gender and or vulnerability, is avoided. Labor and or other staff engaged by the contractor are educated and made aware regarding the civil, social, and legal rights of women and vulnerable groups, and about the action that can be taken in the event of GBV and SEA. Community members including women should be made aware about the risks of GBV and SEA and redress measures, including case management support, health services,
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psychosocial support, police support and security, access to legal services, and shelter, if needed. Establish security patrols and provided details in the CESMP. Strive to reduce at risk groups’ exposure to GBV and SEA violence. Formulation of a progressive and dynamic Labor and Manpower Policy Human Resource Development, focus on education, training and skill development Respect for human rights, gender balance, eradication of child and bonded labor Promotion of dignity of labor Promotion of social dialogue among the stake holders Coordination with the Provincial Governments, International Labor Organization and other international agencies The contractor will be required to provide workers with documented information of the norms and local culture to be followed Workers will also be provided easily understandable information, regarding their rights under national labor and employment law, rights related to hours of work, wages, overtime and compensation. Culturally appropriate consultation mechanisms are followed by the contractor.
Code of Conduct (Acceptable and Prohibited Behaviours)
The bidders will be required to submit Codes of Conduct (CoCs) with their bids. The CoCs will set clear boundaries for acceptable and unacceptable behaviors of all individuals and companies and will be signed by companies, managers and individuals.
CoC will specify respect for the local community and its cultural norms Presentation of professional behaviour and integrity when dealing with local community; Discrimination is prohibited such as gender, age, ethnic or national origin, religion, disability, sexual orientation; Respect privacy, particularly among women CoCs will specify sanctions, including for any incidents of SEA. The CoC will include specific prohibitions against SEA with children defined as anyone younger than 18 and commensurate sanctions. The contractor will be required to establish anti-sexual harassment policies that governs conduct in the workplace. The contractor’ contract will include provisions for mandatory reporting of SEA incidents - links to GRM. The Contractor will demonstrate that they have the capacity to manage SEA risks, including SEA prevention and response action plan/s and key staff with appropriate experience; The contractor will be required to provide mandatory and repeated training to workers on sexual exploitation and abuse and HIV/AIDS prevention and on the content and obligations derived from the code of conduct Inappropriate behaviour such as sexual harassment, gender based violence, and sexual abuse is strongly prohibited. Zero tolerance any form of harassment, bullying or other offensive physical or verbal treatments;
6.4.3 Community Health and Safety
As a result of the civil works and contractor camp siting there shall be impacts to the health and safety of the local community. The potential impacts to the local communities shall be traffic incidents/accidents due to collision with vehicle, physical injuries due to falls in excavated sites and bad housekeeping, health diseases (i.e. asthma, skin irritation, diarrhea, hepatitis B and C, and typhoid) due to decline in air quality, exposure to hazards material (ad-mixtures chemical), bad waste management and improper disposal of sewerage waste from camp sites.
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Table 6.17: -Impact Characterization- Community Health and Safety Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Medium Medium Adverse Adverse
6.4.3.1 Mitigations
All the work executed by or on behalf of the contractor (sub-contractor) in the performance of the work shall be in accordance with this ESMP. The contractor shall observe high standards of health and safety at all times and shall, inter alia, comply with local laws and ensure strict adherence to the following:
The contractor shall protect its workers and member of the community from excavations by ensuring appropriate barricading. The contractor’s Health and Safety Plan should include plans for the emergency transfer of members of the public to suitable medical facilities in the event of a serious accident resulting from the construction works. Details of transport and medical treatment en-route are to be included. The contractor shall not permit casual observers close to excavating operations or work areas.
The contractor shall provide adequate fencing around the working areas and excavations The contractor shall prepare emergency shutdown procedures and evacuations to cover all staffs and affected members of the public in the event of any emergency incident (such as as traffic accident and fire). The contractor shall ensure emergency access routes are well-known and have appropriate signage. Water sprinkling shall be carried out to supress dust. Contractor shall prepare pollution prevention and control plan to protect the member of the local community and shall include: - Method of treatment and disposal of sanitary wastes. - Method for disposal of hazardous waste - Actions to be taken in the event of land and water based pollution events - Procedures for the collection and disposal of wastes, including domestic and construction waste
6.4.3.2 Residual Impact
Following the implementation of these mitigation measures, the impact shall reduce to low adverse in the short term, reducing to neutral following completion of the works.
6.4.4 Disturbance to Community Mobility
An increase in traffic is expected within the sub-project areas, resulting in disturbance in routine flows of traffic on the existing transport routes causing delays to local mobility. The contractor will utilize existing roads which are all used for transportation/communication by the local communities. The main impact will arise due to the use of existing roads which pass through or adjacent to major settlements.
The impact characterization of community disturbance is given below:
Table 6.18: Impact Characterization-Community Disturbance
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Nature Duration Reversibility Likelihood Consequence Impact Significance Direct Short term Reversible Likely Disturbance in Moderate Mobility
6.4.4.1 Mitigation Measures
A community Liaison Officer will be appointed by the contractor to address community mobility issues. Route specific traffic management plan will be developed. The contractor will locate its camps in which laborers will reside overnight, at least 500 m (16,25 ft.) away from communities to avoid social conflict in using the natural resources such as water or to avoid the possible adverse impacts of the construction camps on the surrounding communities, such as traffic noise. The contractor for the works will be required to implement a traffic management plan to the approval of the Engineer and the Client to reduce stress on the transport system. The contractor will also submit a training plan to the Engineer for approval – this plan must include training of drivers. All drivers engaged by contractors must hold a valid license for the vehicle they are operating, and a speed limit of 15 km/hr on site roads will be enforced. The contractor will provide warning signage where access routes pass adjacent to settlements or schools. The contractor will provide flag persons where construction plant and vehicles cross, or join, main roads in the sub-project area to ensure project traffic merges safely with public traffic. Signage and flag men are to be provided by the contractor to direct public traffic whenever it is necessary to partially close any public road (i.e. close one of two carriage ways). Blockage of local roads and routes will be minimized. If unavoidable, consultation with the affected communities will be carried out and alternate routes (by-passes) will be identified and advertised.
6.4.4.2 Residual Impact
Through the implementation of these mitigation measures, the impact significant will reduce to moderately adverse during construction. Following completion of works impact significance will reduce to neutral.
6.5 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Site
There is no archaeological and cultural heritage site in CoI of the sub-project area.
However, in the event of any discovery of an unidentified archaeological or cultural heritage site, the contractor will notify the site engineer who will make the required design changes. The following chance finds procedure will be implemented:
On discovery of archaeological or cultural resources, the contractor will stop work in the area immediately. The Contractor will inform the PSIA and PMU of the discovery immediately. Immediately, the contractor will submit a brief report with photographs and a layout plan, identifying the location of the known resource to the PSIA and copy it to PMU.
Thereafter, upon receipt of the report the environmental and social team of both PSIA and PMU will assess the value of the asset and recommend one of the following: Destruction of the resource
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Removal of resource for conservation Change in design to avoid the resource Seek advice from the Balochistan Archaeology Department, if required. PSIA will prepare a brief report to submit to PMU, detailing the recommendations.
In case of any chance find in terms of cultural heritage, the requisite Cultural Heritage Management Plan will be prepared and accordingly procedures will be followed.
6.6 Physical Resettlement
There will be no physical resettlement or permanent land required for the works to be carried out at Khajjak, Marghazani, Kurak, Dehphal channels and Spate irrigation system (Arrand and Bori), as there has been no change in the existing design of these channels.
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7 Community and Stakeholder Consultation
7.1 General
Consultation with stakeholders and community has become standard practice in the environmental and social assessment of development projects. The objective of public consultation is to ensure that the sub- project proponent should share relevant information about the project interventions and their potential environmental and social impacts with all stakeholders. Consultation is a two-way process by which the knowledge and views of affected persons, and other interested parties are considered for purposes of decision making. Information dissemination during public consultation by the project proponent or his representative is fundamental to meaningful consultation.
Consultation sessions were held with different stakeholder groups who may be affected positively or negatively by the proposed project. The consultation process was carried out in accordance with the World Bank’s policy and guidelines. Consultations were conducted to:
Obtain feedback from primary stakeholders and community members (including women) Obtain feedback from secondary stakeholders Mobilize farmers for formation of Farmers' Organizations Mobilize women for formation of Women Development Groups
The purpose of the meetings with stakeholders was:
To inform the farmers about the overall objectives of the project and the scope of work involved in the execution of the sub-project; To receive and document feedback and views of the stakeholders To determine the needs of community members To consult community member about the construction of contractor camp and other associated activities (influx of labor, construction activities, waste disposal sites) Develop a schedule for future consultations Formation of Farmers Organization (FO) Develop Women Development Groups Develop Grievance Redressed Committee
7.2 Methodology of Consultation
Consultations at the sub-project channel level were done with both men and women. There have been two major rounds of consultations. The first phase was conducted during the preparation of the SIAMP by independent consultants. However, no consultations were done with women in this first round. The second phase of consultations was done in March 2018, and both men and women folks of Khajjak, Kurak, Dehpal and Marghazani channels were consulted during the preparation of this ESMP. During the first meeting consultations, farmers and women community members expressed their willingness to participate in and cooperate for purposes of project implementation and execution of proposed works. Male farmers participated in walk-through surveys along the channels.
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7.2.1 Details and Location of Consultation Meeting
The list of attendees of each meeting is provided in Appendix E. (E.1)
Table 7.1: Location and date of consultative meeting with Male Community S. No. Location Date 1. Khajjak village 09-March-18 2. Kurak Village 08-March-18 3. Dehpal Village (Round 1) 14-March-18 4 Dehpal Village (Round 2) 14-March-18 5 Marghazani (Mizri Village) 17-March-18
7.3 Formation of Farmers Organization (FO)
One FO respectively was created at each channel. The members of each FO were elected from among the local community. The list of FO members is provided in Appendix E (E.2).
Table 7.2: Location and date of formation of FO S. No. Location Date 1. Khajjak Channel 16-March-18 2. Kurak Channel 15-March-18 3. Dehpal Channel 17-March-18 4. Marghazani Channel 18-March-18
7.4 Summary of Discussions
A summary of the main comments and views expressed by stakeholders, and the measures taken to satisfy them during the consultation are included in below table.
Table 7.3: Summary of Key Discussions S. No. Comments Measures to be Implemented 1. How will supply of water to tail The supply of irrigation water to tail end farmers will be improved by the end of the channels be construction of lined channels and structure which will maximize the ensured? water flow and reduced sedimentation in tail end canals, therefore ensuring these canals can carry their full discharge.
2. Contractor camp siting and The community were informed that contractor along with PSIA will jointly associated activities identify camp location so that there is no disturbance to local community. Camps will be located at a safe and fair distance from communities. The waste disposal sites and access routes will be identified with the help of community. 3. Community disturbance during Locations for contractor camp will be constructed 500 meters beyond construction residential communities. The contractor will be required to provide complete facilities and ensure that the facilities of the community are not adversely affected.
4. Labor Influx Communities were informed that hiring of local labor will be preferred to reduce labor influx. Non-local labor will be contained to camps and work sites to prevent mixing of immigrant and resident communities, and reduce community disturbance.
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5. How will the privacy of women During construction activities, the contractor will provide proper alternate be protected during routes for labor so that community roads are not disturbed. This is also construction? necessary to protect mobility and privacy of women.
6. Will buildings and structures The Works have been designed in such a manner that there is no impact (shops, houses, and on community structures. community structures) be lost because of the Works? 7. Will employment opportunities The Contractor will offer employment to those within the community, be offered to the community? favoring the landless who work on farm land that will be temporarily acquired during the project. The contractor will also employ maximum number of locals in the construction work. Local labor will also be trained in different skills, during work, so that they become skilled workers for the project in question and future projects.
8. What is the scope of work and The FO and Water User Associations will play their vital role with the how will the quality of work will support of the contractor and PSIA engineer team to supervise technical be ensured? aspects of the project as well as quality of work etc. 9. Is there a Grievance Redress FOs and communities of both channels were given a detailed orientation Mechanism (GRM) in the sub- about the project GRM and its procedures. An Urdu description of the project? GRM was also provided and nomination of focal persons from communities noted 10. Concern about participation in There were some community member who were not present in the Consultations? village and couldn’t participate in the meeting. The project team was requested to organize another meeting of the concerned FO and invite members who were originally absent to orient them about the sub-project objective and scope of work as well as the whole process of the BIWRMD project. The social team of PSIA will also contact members who were absent and request them to participate in future meetings. 11. Is there land required for the There is no change in the alignment of the channels, therefore, no land construction of channels? is required.
12. Will water rights will altered? The communities were informed that no water rights will be changed and that established community water sharing arrangements will remain as is.
7.5 Summary of Findings of Consultation with Farmers
In addition to the information given about the Khajjak, Dehpal, Kurak, Marghazani Channels and spate irrigation system (Arand and Bori) works, farmers of all villages were provided brief information about the BIWRMD project. The farmers expressed their willingness and cooperation vis-à-vis the project.
7.6 Consultation with Women Community
Consultation sessions with local women were also conducted at Khajjak, Kurak, Dehpal and Marghazani villages. The Female Social Organizer of the project and the Gender Specialist of PMU conducted these sessions together. Most women consulted were not educated. The women of the area were keenly interested in the consultations and provided significant information regarding possible role and need of women in the project. Input was provided regarding the Gender Action Plan, construction of water courses etc.
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The list of women participants is provided in Appendix E (E.3).
Table 7.4: Location and date of consultative meeting with Women Community S. No Village Channel Date 1 Marghazani Marghazani 23-Feb-18 2 Kurak Kurak 02-Mar-18 3 Marghazani Marghazani 03-Mar-18 4 Khajjak Khajjak 03-Mar-18 5 Mizri Marghazani 05-Mar-18 7 Dehpal Dehpal 09-Mar-18 8 Marghazani Marghazani 10-Mar-18 9 Khajjak Khajjak 13-Mar-18 10 Marghazani Marghazani 23-Feb-18 11 Kurak Kurak 02-Mar-18 12 Marghazani Marghazani 23-Feb-18 13 Kurak Kurak 02-Mar-18
7.7 Women Development Groups (WDGs)
One women’s development group respectively was formed at each channel. For this purpose, meetings were convened at the village level. The project’s female social organizer conducted two sessions of consultations at each channel.
In the first round of consultations, women were informed briefly about the project development objectives of BIWRM project and its benefits; and, the need for and purpose of Women Development Groups.
In the second round of meetings Women Development Groups were formed in each village. These groups include a chairperson, vice-chairperson, general secretary, treasure executive and general body members. All the positions were nominated and selected by the respective community. These elected members will work closely with the BIWRMD project for the betterment and fulfilment of women’s needs. The details of women development groups are provided in Appendix E (E.4)
Table 7.5: Location and date of Meeting for formation of WDGs S. Name of WDG Village Channel Date No 1 Jum Khushdil Khan Marghazani Marghazani Marghazani 03-Mar-18 2 MuhallaYousafzai Marghazani Marghazani Marghazani 05-Mar-18 3 Killi Malik Noor Muhammad Lalozai Kurak Kurak Kurak 14-Mar-18 4 Dehpal Kalaan Dehpal Kalaan Dehpal 14-Mar-18 5 Muhalla Sherozai Marghazani Marghazani Marghazani 16-Mar-18 6 Muhalla Karam Khan Mizri Mizri Marghazani 22-Mar-18 7 Muhalla Farooq Mizri Mizri Marghazani 22-Mar-18 8 Muhalla Umarzai Khajjak Khajjak Khajjak 23-Mar-18 9 Muhalla Sadaat Khajjak Khajjak Khajjak 24-Mar-18
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7.8 Findings of Women Consultations and Priority Needs
The women of the area were keenly interested in the consultations. Women expressed great interest in initiatives for livelihood generation and requested support for the following:
- Livestock rearing; - Kitchen gardening; - Poultry farming; - Supply of safe drinking water; - Vaccination medicine for livestock; - Construction of separate washing places for clothing and crockery; - Market linkages for agricultural produce (e.g. vegetables).
7.8.1 Consultations with District Administration Sibi
Consultation were also held with the district administration Sibi. In the meeting, PMU along with PSIA team informed the district administration about the BIWRMD project. The VLD process, scope of work, construction schedule and other associated BIWRMD project activities were discussed in detail. All the officials of the district administration offered their complete support for the execution of the project. The list of attendees is provided in the Appendix E (F.5).
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8 Institutional and Implementation Arrangements
Baluchistan Irrigation Department (BID), GoB, will be the Implementing Agency for this sub-project. The BID will access technical expertise from the departments of Agriculture, Forestry, Livestock, and Public Health Engineering to guide project implementation. A central Project Management Unit (PMU) in BID (located at Quetta) will incorporate staff from the BID Planning and Monitoring wing and the ID Water Resource Management directorate, supplemented with 10 additional qualified staff. Project Implementation Units (PIUs) in the Nari, located in Sibi, will lead the field implementation and manage community, engagement process for the project, with PMU oversight.
The PMU is led by a Project director. It will include a financial management specialist, two accountants, a procurement specialist, a communication specialist, an environmental safeguards specialist, a social safeguards specialist, a gender development specialist, a monitoring and evaluation specialist, a matching grants specialist, a training management specialist, a water resource specialist, a livestock specialist and an agriculture specialist.
The PMU will be responsible for project implementation, including technical aspects, financial management and procurement. Led by executing engineers, the PIUs will be responsible for supervision of project works and activities in the river basins and for community liaison and participation through COs/FOs. The PMU and PIUs will be supported by Project Supervision and Implementation Assistance (PSIA) and Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) consultants. The PMU is a continuation of the PMU of the Balochistan Small Scale Irrigation Project. The Implementation Completion Report (ICR) of that project rated the performance of the implementing agency as satisfactory.
A Project Steering Committee will provide strategic guidance and facilitate inter-agency coordination. It will be chaired by the Additional Chief Secretary Balochistan and will include the Secretaries of Irrigation, Agriculture, Forestry, Public Health Engineering, Livestock and Finance departments and Local Government. It will meet quarterly or as required to review physical and financial progress, to recommend ways to accelerate implementation and to resolve any complaints that have been brought by the Chairman of the Grievance Redress Committee.31
8.1 The Contractor
The Contractor will be overall responsible for the implementation of the ESMP. The Contractor will be responsible for environmental protection liabilities under the Balochistan Environmental Protection Act (2012), World Bank’s Environmental and Social safeguard policies, and relevant ESMP provisions. The Contractor will also be responsible for better communication and training of his crews for implementation of the ESMP.
31 Project Appraisal Document-PAD
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Upon mobilisation, the contractor will submit to PSIA, for approval, the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans which will detail exactly how the contractor will meet the requirements of this ESMP and the contractor’s Health and Safety Plan. The Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plans will reflect the contractor’s chosen construction methodologies. The Contractor will not commence any Works until the CESMP and Health and Safety Plan are approved by the Engineer.
The Contractors specific responsibilities will include the following:
Provide the Engineer and Employer with access to records of the environmental management programme for the purposes of an audit. Prepare and implement the CESMP, including mitigation given in this ESMP. Monitoring their own compliance with environmental and social requirements. Produce a monthly report to the Employer, copied to the Engineer, which reviews the Contractors own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this specification and the CESMP and identifies any problems.
8.2 Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP) and Contractor Health and Safety Plan
Upon mobilization, and within 30 days of commencement, the contractor will prepare a series of plans as part of the Contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP) and Health and Safety Plan which will be relevant to his chosen methodology and meet the requirements of this ESMP.
The plans shall include various management plans:
Pollution Prevention Plan (Air/Noise/Waste/Sanitary waste management plans). Tree Plantation Plan Traffic Management Plan EHS Training Plan Health and Safety Plan Emergency Plan
8.2.1 Contractor’s Organisational Framework
The Contractor will provide details of his organizational framework, the designation of a senior manager to take overall responsibility and the designation of the following positions. The Contractor will provide a Curriculum Vitae for staff appointed to the positions above. These all staffs, must have 6 years of work experience in World Bank funded project and will meet the requirement of the contract specification and this ESMP.
Safety Supervisor Paramedic staff Health and Safety Officer Environmental Officer Human Resource Officer Community Liaison Officer
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8.2.2 Layout Plans of Contractor Camps
The Contractor will submit a layout plan for the main construction and sub camps in the CESMP. Prior to construction of any camp, the Contractor will submit, to the Engineer for approval, a layout plan for the camp. All layout plans will include the following details:
Location of landfills Generators Batching plants (if applicable) Storage areas (including hazardous material storage areas) Fuel tanks First aid facilities Waste facilities Medical facilities Refuelling points Plant wash down points Water supply Plant and vehicle parking Measures taken to segregate pedestrian and vehicle routes Evacuation routes and emergency exits Drainage Camp location Camp boundary Work areas Accommodation areas Kitchens and dining areas Sanitary facilities (including toilets and washrooms/showers) Location of sanitary treatment facilities and discharges
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9 The Environmental and Social Management and Mitigation Plan
9.1 General
Mitigation measures for reduction of environmental degradation and social impacts, especially relating to air quality, soil contamination, pollution of water resources, loss of habitat and disruption to wildlife will need to be implemented and monitored. Monitoring tasks will vary over the construction and operation stages of the sub-projects. Physical, biological and socio-cultural parameters will be measured/monitored to determine compliance with national and international standards and comply with the ESMP itself.
Before the execution of work under this sub-project, the Contractor Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP) would be prepared and duly approved by both the PMU and World Bank. The contractor will provide its proposed social, health, safety and environmental implementation procedures, to ensure that civil works are operating satisfactorily and that problems are being dealt with swiftly. These will be submitted to the PSIA for review and for onward submission to the PMU and World Bank for approval.
This will include the following:
The format of a monthly report which reviews the Contractors own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this ESMP and their own plan. A formalised mechanism to audit the effectiveness of the own plan (i.e. Contractor Environmental Social Management Plan) Details of the records to be kept demonstrating compliance with safeguards. Monitoring checklists for day to day monitoring with safeguards. A plan for day-to-day monitoring of the site and identification of staff responsible for this Proposed actions to be taken to correct non-compliances noted by the PSIA. Internal reporting channels for non-compliances
To ensure the successful implementation of an ESMP, monitoring and supervision are considered effective tools. The level of monitoring and supervision must be appropriate. These measures are mean to reduce the risks and impacts and ensure compliances with the sub-project requirements and the procedures for documentation, reporting and feedback on the outcomes of corrective and preventive action.
Physical, biological and socio-cultural parameters will be monitored to determine the compliance level with National, World Bank standards and compliance with this ESMP. Monitoring will be divided into Compliance monitoring and Effects monitoring.
Compliance monitoring represents the majority of the monitoring during the sub-project operational and handing over (defect notification). PSIA along with PMU, will be responsible for day to day monitoring of the contractor’s compliance with this ESMP, and will monitor the implementation of the mitigation measures.
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PSIA will complete monitoring within the sub-project area using contract specific monitoring checklists and will engage a full time environmental representative to be present on site for daily monitoring who will report directly to the Resident Engineer from PSIA, and who will coordinate with the project management unit.
Effects Monitoring will be carried out by M&EC of various environmental and social parameters with the aim of evaluating the performance of this ESMP. The following parameters are to be monitored:
Monitoring of Noise levels at fixed locations during construction phase Availability of water at the downstream end of the channel system; Monitoring of ambient air quality during construction phase; Health and safety of Contractors personnel. Monitoring for waste management, rehabilitation of borrow areas, compensatory tree plantation, weed disposal, sanitary waste disposal.
9.2 Monitoring Mechanism
Before the execution of work, in the contractors environmental and social management plan, the Contractor will include details of its proposed social, health, safety and environmental implementation procedures, to ensure the construction sites are operating satisfactorily and that problems are being dealt with swiftly.
This will include the following:
The format of a monthly report which reviews the Contractors own compliance with the environmental and social requirements of this ESMP and their own plan. A formalised mechanism to audit the effectiveness of the own plan (i.e. Contractor Environmental Social Management Plan) Details of the records to be kept demonstrating compliance with safeguards. Monitoring checklists for day to day monitoring with safeguards. A plan for day-to-day monitoring of the site and identification of staff responsible for this Proposed actions to be taken to correct non-compliances noted by the PSIA. Internal reporting channels for non-compliances
9.3 Aims of Monitoring
The main objectives of the monitoring plan are:
Evaluate the performance of the ESMP and to bring about improvements. To provide a means where impacts which were uncertain at the time of preparation of ESMP or unforeseen could be identified and steps taken to adopt appropriate corrective measures. Record the inputs provided by various participants in the environmental and social management process (i.e. client, consultants, contractors) To check whether mitigation measures are adequate, effective and adopted in the field, To comply with legal and community obligations, including safety on construction sites.
9.4 Non-compliance’s and Corrective Measures
The Contractor will be notified of any violations with this ESMP, as well as any corrective actions required. The payment of the mobilization bill item will not be paid to the contractor until the following conditions have been met.
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Preparation and submission of Health and Safety Plan to the PMU and World Bank for review and approval. Provision of contractor’s staff camps. Preparation and submission of contractor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan to the PMU and World Bank for review and approval. The contractor will submit curriculum vitae of its ESMP staff to the PSIA for onwards submission to the PMU and World Bank for review and approval. The availability of Contractor’s ESMP staffs will be made full time on site.
Where the contractor fails to comply with his own management plans (i.e. CESMP or Health and Safety Plan) and therefore fails to comply with this ESMP, payments will be deducted from the relevant bill item each month. The percentage deduction from these bill items will be based on the percentage compliance as measured through monthly monitoring checklists.
The following stages will be performed, relating to increasing severity of ESMP non-compliances.
Stage 1 PSIA discusses the problem with PMU and Contractor to work out mitigations together and record the facts and the decision implemented.
Stage 2: A more serious infringement is observed and PSIA notifies the Contractor of the issues in writing, with a deadline by which the problem must be rectified. All costs will be borne by the Contractor.
Stage 3: PMU/PSIA will order the Contractor to suspend part, or all, of the works. The suspension will be enforced until such time as the offending party, procedure or equipment is corrected and/or remedial measures put in place if required. No extension of time will be granted for such delays and all cost will be borne by the Contractor.
Stage 4: Breach of contract - One of the possible consequences of this is the removal of a Contractor and/or equipment and/or the termination of the contract. Such measures will not replace any legal proceedings that PMU may institute against the Contractor.
9.5 Communication, Reporting and Documentation
9.5.1 Meetings
A preliminary meeting will be held with the aim of setting out the format for the regular meetings. This meeting will be held before the commencement of the works, following contract award. The meeting will be attended by PMU/PIU, M&EC, PSIA and the contractor.
In addition to the meetings above, PSIA (Environmental Engineer) will monitor or check the compliance status of contractor commitment on social, environmental, health and safety related issues. The day to day progress will be provided by the PSIA to PMU.
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9.5.2 Communications
Most communications between PSIA and the contractor will be verbal on site. Where such verbal communication proves to be ineffective for an issue, the environmental team will advise the PIC Engineer to issue a formal instruction to the contractor under the civil works contract. Such instructions will also be copied to PMU, as the Employer.
9.5.3 Reporting Frequency
The Contractor and PSIA will produce monthly reports detailing the compliance level and non-compliance with this ESMP. The distribution list of reports is given in below table.
Table 9.1: Distribution of Periodic Reports S. Report Prepared by Frequency Reviewed by Distribution No 1. Monthly PSIA PSIA Monthly PMU/PIU PMU, Compliance Report Contractor (see report template in Appendix C) 2. Monthly Contractor’s Contractor’s Monthly PSIA PMU (PMU will submit these social and Environmental report to World Bank) environmental Report Coordinator
9.5.4 Pictorial Record
A photographic record of the sub-project locations shall be kept and taken at key locations in walk through survey by the contractor, PSIA and PMU. The photographic record shall be incorporated into the monthly reports. The pictorial record shall include time, title of the photograph and date.
9.5.5 Monthly Environmental Health and Safety Checklists
The completed monitoring checklists shall be attached to the monthly reports. The format of the monthly monitoring checklist is provided in Appendix D.
9.5.6 Complaints Register
The contractor will maintain social complaints register at all camps and work sites to document all complaints received from the local communities. The register will also record the measures taken to mitigate the reported concerns. The final report will be communicated to the PMU. All complaints/issues of the community will be reported in the monthly progress report for the following month along with the status of the last month’s complaints.
9.5.7 Training Plan
The Contractor shall include a training plan within the CESMP which details the program for the delivery of training, demonstrating the training shall be carried out initially at induction of staff and repeated intermittently throughout the project, to cover the subjects included in the following table.
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Table 9.2: Trainings Subjects for inclusion in Contractor Training Plan S. No List of Topics/Trainings Contents Staff 1. Handling, use and disposal of Type of Hazardous Material and waste All construction hazardous material Routes of Entry staffs Safety Labelling Use of Safety Data Sheet Goal and Objectives Actions to Do and Preventive Measures How to avoid Injuries 2. Waste Management All construction Introduction to types and waste staff working on Solid Waste and its types regulating Effects of Solid waste structures or Waste Management concept canal Collection, storage and disposal techniques embankments What to do and what no to do
3. Efficient & safe driving Introduction All staff practices, including road & Causes of Road Accidents vehicle restrictions Driving hazards Road Journey Vehicle inspection Health Condition Sign posting Competency
4. Actions to be taken in the Type of pollution and its causes All Staff event of major or minor How to Avoid pollution pollution event on What to do in case of event land/Pollution Prevention Reduction Techniques Use of tools in case of pollution House Keeping Impact on Human Health and Environment
Benefits
5. Health & Safety: Safe way to Objectives All construction work & hazard awareness Types of Hazards staff Work at height procedures Moving of machinery Use of PPEs House keeping Hazards control
6. Health & Safety: Safe use of Use of Plant procedures Operators of plant & equipment Competency and training plant & Machine guarding equipment Dismantling of equipment Daily maintenance Safe operation Intended use of equipment’s
7. Health & Safety: Working at Access and Egress, Loading Places All construction height Ladders staff Landing Places Openings, Corners, Breaks, Edges and Joisting Roof Work (Flat roofs/Sloping roofs/Steep roofs etc.)
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Fragile Roofing Materials Work over Water Safety Nets, Belts and Harnesses Equipment for working at height: Scaffold, MEWPS, Towers 8. Health & Safety: Working Contamination and biological/chemical All construction near/on water hazards staff Weather conditions Hypothermia and hyperthermia Unstable surface Electrical hazards Lone working Accidental immersion Using rescue and safety equipment Key control measures (planning, training) Hazards of Falling into Water Precautions
9. Health & Safety: Use of PPE Common Type of PPEs All construction Use of PPEs staff Benefits Work place requirement of PPEs Care and Maintenance of PPEs When PPE is necessary Limitations of the PPE 10. Emergency procedures and Types of emergency All staff evacuation What is Emergency plan What is individual role in case of emergency Supervising Rescue Operations Emergency reporting procedures Means of egress 11. Fire fighting Objectives All staff How fire starts Use of fire extinguishers Type of Fire extinguishers Fire safety inspection Competency required Action in case of fire Do’s and Don’ts 12. Site inductions, including Purpose of induction training All staff requirements under the Why health and safety is important CESMP & details of What is CESMP environmentally sensitive What are the requirement of CESMP areas of the site Duty of care and responsibility Your responsibility and our responsibility Protection of Environment What is ecosystem What is ecology Identification of key species Protection of key species Do’s and don’ts Care during clearance of vegetation 13. Culturally sensitive awareness Valuing cultural difference All staff raising on HIV/AIDS and the Avoiding habits in other areas during spread of sexually transmitted migration diseases. Awareness raising What are sexually transmitted diseases on risks, prevention and Type of infection
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available treatment of vector- Prevention borne Strategies of controlling vector borne Diseases, Cultural sensitivities diseases of the local population Type of vector borne diseases Treatment procedures
9.6 Contractor’s Health and Safety Plan
Upon mobilization, and within 30 days of commencement, the contractor shall prepare a Health and Safety Plan which shall be relevant to his chosen methodology. This plan shall detail the following:
Health and safety management structure, responsibilities, supervision and reporting scheme Health and safety goals for the project Identification of potential hazards (health risks, safety risks) Proposed measures to reduce the risk of identifying hazards. Arrangements to implement such measures A system for reporting and investigating accidents, incidents and near misses A plan for emergency transfer of staff or public from site to medical facilities Site rules Fire and emergency procedures Site security
9.6.1 Emergency Plan
The Contractor shall include an emergency plan within the CESMP which includes the following details:
Measures for fire prevention and fire fighting Indicators on site (for example, heavy rainfall) that shall prompt the shutdown of specified areas of work Procedure for shutdown of site, including transfer of plant, materials and personnel to safe areas (for example in the event of a flood) Emergency evacuation procedure for staff and members of the public likely to be impacted by an emergency event on site (for example: fire or blast).
9.6.2 Contractor Tree Plantation Plan
The Contractor is required to submit a detailed contractor tree plantation plan, which shall include plantation locations, methodology and species. All trees be planted of native species as they have more chances of survival. The local community shall be also consulted during tree plantation. The contractor shall re-plant five times the number of trees for each tree cut and will be responsible for after care of the saplings/plantation for one year. The Contractor is required to prepare an inventory of the trees to be cut/uprooted before commencement of the physical works at channels in presence of PSIA and PMU.
9.6.3 Pollution Prevention Plan (Air/Noise/Water)
The Contractor will include a pollution prevention and control plan within the CESMP which includes the following details:
Method of treatment and disposal of sanitary wastes.
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Method for disposal of hazardous waste Actions to be taken to prevent the spill of contaminants on site Actions to be taken in the event of land and water based minor and major pollution events, including materials/equipment to be permanently based on site, regularly maintained and to be used during a pollution event Proposed methods for treatment of concrete batching plant washout water (if applicable), to include as necessary, flow and load equalization, pH adjustment and sedimentation using settling basins or clarifiers. Procedures for the collection and disposal of wastes, including domestic and construction waste
9.6.4 Traffic Management Plan
The Contractor must provide the following information regarding traffic management plan within his document:
Loading/unloading points for deliveries, plant and vehicles at the construction camp Access routes around the site for transfer of materials and personnel. Proposed access/haul routes Access routes for deliveries to and from the main camp Queuing points for delivery vehicles Locations and details of warning signs to be erected on public roads Locations where banks-men will be provided (if required).
9.7 Contractor’s Code of Conduct
The contractor should develop a conduct of conduct and ensure that each member of staffs signs or provides a written explanation of why they have elected not to sign it. The contents of Code of Conduct are as follows:
Social aspects Discreet sexual behavior that takes into consideration HIV/AIDS messages; Respect for the local community and its cultural norms; Presentation of professional behavior and integrity when dealing with local community; Discrimination is prohibited such as gender, age, ethnic or national origin, religion, disability, sexual orientation; Respect privacy, particularly among women; Inappropriate behavior such as sexual harassment, gender based violence, and sexual abuse is strongly prohibited.
Health and Safety Show commitments to health and safety; Zero tolerance any form of harassment, bullying or other offensive physical or verbal treatments; Use of PPEs which provided; Attend regular training Health and safety training sessions
Environment No hunting and poaching of wildlife; Staff should not be involved in any environmental damage i.e. illegal tree cutting; Rules and regulations on pollution prevention and control
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9.8 The Environmental and Social Monitoring and Mitigation Plan
The following table (9.3 and 9.4) includes details of the mitigation and monitoring activities with relative agencies responsible for those actions during implementation of this ESMP and civil works execution.
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
1. Traffic Management 1.1 All traffic Air pollution Regularly service vehicles All Sub-Project Quarterly Air quality at any movements Limit particulate matter emissions from area inhabited area within the vehicles to less than 100 mg/Nm³ sub-project area to meet Limit sulphur dioxide content from vehicles NEQS and EHS emissions to less than 3% guidelines for ambient air Limit nitrogen oxide emissions from Contractor vehicles to less than 1,460 mg/Nm³
Provide training in fuel efficient driving - At Training identified in
practices to drivers. commencement contractor’s training plan of works Quarterly Training delivered as per training plan Soil and ground water Inspect vehicles regularly for leaks Sub-Project Monthly No leaking oil or fuel pollution area observed from plant or vehicles 1.2 Movement of Increase in traffic Prepare a traffic management plan Contractor All sub-project At Traffic management plan plant and around the sub-project detailing proposed routes to access the sites commencement submitted and approved equipment on areas a site of works by Engineer (including public roads details of proposed access routes to project area)
Prohibit pressure horn and prevent Contractor Sub-Project Quarterly Noise emissions from excessive noise levels from the area plant and vehicles within contractor’s vehicles NEQS and EHS guidelines Safety of workers and Obey speed limits of public highways Contractor Public Monthly Contractor’s vehicles not public highways exceeding highway speed limits Provide barricades, flagmen and signs Contractor Where haulage Monthly Barricades, flagmen and where haulage routes on private land routes cross signs provided intersect public highways public highways Clean mud from vehicles before entering Contractor Public Monthly No mud observed on public highways or regularly sweep road highways roads
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Damage to public Obey height & weight restrictions Contractor Public highway Monthly Vehicles are not infrastructure overloaded Repair ruts and scars resulting from Contractor Public Monthly Ruts and scars not contractors operations (at contractors highways observed cost) 1.3 Deliveries Blockage of traffic on Prohibit delivery vehicles from queuing on Contractor Camp, During deliveries No delivery vehicles access routes and public highways structure sites parked on public roads public roads Load & unload vehicles off public and access highways roads of public Maintain one-way traffic with speed restrictions Provide flagmen, warning signs and barricades to protect staff Air pollution Prohibit running of engines while vehicles Contractor Camp and During deliveries Delivery vehicle engines are waiting public roads turned off while waiting for loading/unloading 1.4 Haulage of Dust Cover bed of haulage vehicles when Contractor Haulage routes During deliveries No dust observed from construction transporting loose and/or fine materials bed of haulage vehicles materials near settlements or active agricultural land 1.6 Transport in Damage to access Promptly repair any damage caused by Contractor Haulage & Monthly No damage to access sub-project roads, drains & the Works access tracks roads, drains or area embankments embankments observed Safety of all staff & Limit speed of plant and vehicles on site to Contractor Haulage & Monthly Speed of plant & public 30km/hr access tracks vehicles not exceeding 30km/hr Damage to crops, Access & haulage routes included in the Contractor Access routes During Works Traffic management plan pasture and injury to Traffic Management Plan and enforcement to channels submitted and approved livestock of the plan by Engineer (including details of proposed Minimise damage to crops, pasture, access & haul routes woodland and livestock throughout project area and to borrow areas)
No damage or harm, to crops, pastures and livestock
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Dust Regular water sprinkling of katcha tracks, Contractor Haulage & Monthly Low dust levels from focused near settlements. and active access tracks haulage & access routes agricultural land close to communities and active agricultural land 1.7 Site Access Impact on Fauna Appoint Biodiversity specialist to prepare Contractor/M&E Site Access Weekly Short therm Biodiversity to reach work Behaviour mitigation hierarchy (avoid, mitigate, C routes or new appointed to prepare stations compensate) and design/refine measures team/PIU/PMU construction mitigation plan before for fauna routes, if construction of new required access routes, if required, 2. Earth Works and Borrow Areas 2.1 Tree cutting Loss of 249 nr of trees Clear only the area required for completion Channel sites Monthly Plant 5 trees of each and in RoW of works tree cut Vegetation Loss of Vegetation Conducted rapid assessment by PSIA Channel sites Before Training in species clearance cover ecologist before work or clearance of commencement identification should be vegetation of works included in contractor’s Contractor training plan
Area of clearance limited to area required for completion of works
Preservation of active housing of key fauna Contractor to train its staff engaged in All work sites During vegetation Training delivered as per vegetation clearance work in identification clearance work training plan of key fauna species ..
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
2.2 Tree Cutting Loss of habitat Contractor to seek approval before start of Contractor Channel sites Prior to Area of felling limited to tree cutting commencement area required for of tree cutting completion of works Before tree cutting: all trees shall be activity marked, detailed in an inventory which Maintain an inventory of shall be submitted to PSIA. cut/uprooted trees by contractor
Minimise tree cutting No tree cutting without The Contractor shall maintain an inventory approval of existing tree of cut trees inventory
Plant saplings of native trees in the ratio of Replantation of trees as 1:5 trees cut per tree plantation plan 2.3 Embankment Dust Generation Water Sprinkling shall be carried out Contractor All channel During earth Air quality at any Works during convers sites works inhabited area within the sub-project area to meet Contractor to provide training to plant NEQS for ambient air. operators in reducing drop height when loading trucks, trailers or trolleys Cover earth material with plastic sheet on loading truck 2.4 Disposal of Loss of agriculture land The excavated material from the channel Contractor All work areas Monthly Excavated material excavated and vegetation covers shall be used for the re-construction of stockpiled to a level material from embankment. While excessive quantity below the embankment channels shall be disposed off on low laying areas, for use of existing ditches as fill material for land, under embankment intimation and written consent with land owner or government department (i.e. Excessive material is irrigation department) disposed of in low lying areas or ditches, as fill ,material
Material shall not be disposed of outside the RoW without the Engineer’s written permission
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Damage to or loss of Disposal of material prohibited on, or close Contractor All work areas Monthly No material disposed of livelihood agriculture to, settlements or community on, or close to, land settlements or access routes of public Landscape change Disposal bunds shall be levelled, sloped & Contractor Sub-Camp Following Levelled, sloped and trimmed to reasonably regular lines Location formation of trimmed disposal bunds embankments
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
2.5 Excavation of Loss of ground Stockpile the material borrow areas vegetation cover Identify borrow pits in consultation with reused for formation of PSIA, preferably on barren land. Before and canal embankment Loss of access to during (subject to testing of channel While borrow areas in the agriculture land excavation of material and approval of shall not be deeper than 0.3 m(1ft) Borrow Area borrow area PSIA engineer) Loss of agriculture land following rehabilitation. Remove and stock Contractor sites pile top 6 inches of top soil from borrow No borrow areas Dust Generation due to areas established in agriculture. established outside the excavation of borrow approved borrow areas. areas Do not excavate the borrow areas until crops are cultivated on privately owned Reclaim depth of borrow land. areas in agriculture land Land scape change is no greater than 0.3m Minimise of volume of material required by (1ft) Unintentional trapping reusing the material first excavated from or fall of wild life or channel prism No standing crops people in borrow pits Minimize height between Written agreement with loader(excavator) and bed of lorry/dump owner of the land for truck temporary use at which he wishes to establish borrow areas Grade side of brrow areas to 1:3 Top soil stockpiled at Provide temporary barricades around borrow area for reuse. excavated borrow areas. Contractor to provide Regulary check excavations for trapped traning to its own staff animals and rescue, if necessary in reducing drop height when loading trucks or trolleys
Side of borrow areas are stable. 2.6 Rehabilitation Loss of vegetation Borrow areas shall be backfilled with top Contractor All borrow During All borrow areas are or restoration (habitat) and land soil which stock piled during formation. areas rehabilitation of reclaimed of borrow scape change borrow areas areas All borrow areas shall be levelled and graded
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
27 Temporary Open water acting as Trim and Slope lines of rehabilitated sites Contractor Temporary After construction Temporary diversion diversions mosquito breeding diversion of canal lining trimmed and sloped ground and structure works 3. Batching Plants 3.1 Operation of Noise The batching plant shall be installed 500 No community batching meters (1625 ft) away from community disturbance is caused. plant areas During Acoustic guards, doors Main Camp & Maintain & operate plant as per Contractor installation of and hatches supplied on sub camps manufacturer’s guidelines. batching plant rig are closed
Noise levels are within the NEQs limit Disturbance to the Programme all works to be completed Main Camp & No work undertaken Contractor Monthly community within the hours of 6am and 6pm sub camps from 6pm to 6am Air pollution Install new or highly maintained batching plants Air quality at any Regularly service plant inhabited area within the Install fabric filters, cyclone control or wet sub-project area to meet Main Camp & scrubbers if necessary to ensure Contractor Quarterly NEQS for ambient air. sub camps particulate matter emissions from batching plant do not exceed 500 mg/Nm³ No cement dust emitted while filling containers Reduce distance between silos and containers when fill with cement
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
3.2 Washing Ground, ground water Wash down only in designated and Bunded wash down down plant & and surface water bunded wash down areas. areas provided equipment pollution Separate oil and cement from effluent and Plant & equipment not dispose of hazardous effluent at licensed washed down outside site Contractor Monthly wash down areas In addition concrete washout must be Disposal of hazardous diluted by addition of more water and then Main Camp & effluent at licensed site can be used for water sprinkling. sub camps Effluent water quality
meets NEQS for
Further treatment of wash down, if municipal and liquid necessary to meet NEQS, using flow and industrial effluent load equalization with pH adjustment and/or sedimentation of suspended solids Ground water meets using settling basins or clarifiers NEQS for drinking water, except for parameters where baseline water quality did not meet NEQS. 4. Storage of Construction Materials 4.1 Locating Ground, ground water Locate storage areas away from water Contractor Monthly Construction materials storage area and surface water courses, drains and transport routes not entering pollution Camp sites watercourse, drains or being spread along transport routes Protect storage areas from flooding Contractor Monthly Storage areas above Camp sites flood levels Storage areas marked on camp layout Contractor Before camp Camp layout plan - plan establishment approved by PSIA 4.2 Use of Ground, ground water Ensure only designated storage areas are Contractor Monthly No materials stored Camp sites storage areas and surface water used outside storage areas pollution Clearly mark storage areas and label Contractor Monthly Storage areas and containers Storage areas containers clearly labelled 4.3 Storage of Pollution Store within sheds, under polythene Contractor Monthly Cement dust not Camp sites cement Health of staff & public sheets or in unopened bags observed 4.4 Storage of Dust Cover with polythene sheets or store Contractor Monthly Sand from stockpile not Camp sites sand within sheds during times of high wind spread by wind
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Employ water sprinkling if air borne particulate matter increases around sand stockpile 5. Hazardous Materials 5.1 Storage of Health of staff & public Lock & secure hazardous material storage Contractor Monthly Hazardous storage hazardous area to prevent unauthorised access Storage areas areas locked and material (I,e secured when not in use petroleum Display warning signs depicting hazards Contractor Monthly Warning signs displayed products, and PPE required at the entrances to Storage areas at entrance to hazardous batteries, ad- hazardous material storage areas material storage areas mixture Fire Provide fire extinguishers at hazardous Contractor Monthly Fire extinguishers Storage areas chemicals, material storage areas provided including Ground, ground water Provide hard compacted, impervious and Contractor Monthly Floor of hazardous waste) & surface water bunded flooring to hazardous material materials storage is pollution storage areas Storage areas impervious Bund is provided around hazardous material store Label each container indicating what is Contactor Monthly Each container is stored within Storage areas labelled indicating what is stored Store containers with clearance around Contractor Monthly No leaks observed each to facilitate inspection of containers Regularly check taps, hoses, lids & Contractor Storage areas containers and dispose of damaged containers Provide spill kits and ensure staff are Contractor Monthly Spill kits provided at trained in their use Storage areas storage areas and around work sites Hazardous material storage areas to be Contractor Monthly Hazardous material covered Storage areas storage areas are covered 5.2 Bulk storage Ground, ground water Contain fuel within double skinned bowser Contractor Monthly Fuel stored in double of fuel & surface water or surround container by bund to capacity Fuel storage skinned bower or pollution of container on hard compacted flooring area surrounded by bund on impervious floor 5.3 Handling of Health & safety of staff Train staff in safe handling techniques Contractor Necessary PPE is used hazardous All sites Monthly when handling materials Enforce the use of all necessary PPE Contractor hazardous material
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Ground, ground water Train staff in pollution control measures Contractor No spills of hazardous & surface water All sites Monthly Lock valves and trigger guns when not in Contractor materials observed pollution use 5.4 Plant and Ground, ground water Contractor to identify designated wash Contractor Before Wash down areas Contractors vehicle wash & surface water down areas in camp layout plan construction of identified in camp layout Camp down pollution each camp plan Wash-down points will have a concrete Contractor Wash down During camp Concrete pad provided pad underneath points establishment at wash-down points Mobile plant washed down only at Contractor Quarterly Mobile plant using wash designated wash down areas down areas
Treatment of wash down effluent prior to Treatment and disposal disposal methodology for wash down effluent included in Contractor’s Pollution Control Plan All Camp sites
Effluent disposal quality meets the NEQs limits
Ground water quality meets should be in NEQs limit for drinking purpose Separate oil from effluent and dispose of Contractor Monthly Disposal of hazardous Wash down hazardous effluent at licensed site effluent at licensed site points
5.5 Refuelling Ground water & Refuel in designated and bunded areas Contractor Monthly Plant refuelling only in surface water pollution only over impervious flooring or provide designated and bunded All sites drip trays areas or provide drip trays 5.6 Disposal of Ground water & Identify and Transport hazardous waste to Contractor Before Approval of Pollution hazardous surface water pollution approved disposal site (include details in - commencement Control Plan by the waste Pollution Control Plan) of works Engineer Monthly Disposal of hazardous All sites waste at approved sites Medical waste stored and disposed as Contractor Monthly Medical waste not Landfills hazardous waste. disposed of in landfills 6. Waste Management
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
6.1 Locating Ground & ground water Site landfill in area where ground water is Contractor Monthly Water not observed in landfill pollution low, and if not possible, line landfill with Landfill landfill impervious layer (such as clay) Community disturbance Locate landfill 300m (1,625ft) away from Contractor Before Approval of camp layout & public safety existing settlements (to be identified in - establishment by Engineer Camp layout) 6.2 Collection of Soil, ground water and Provide garbage bins at a radius of 50ft at Contractor Monthly No littering of camp sites domestic surface water pollution the main camp and 100ft in temporary and waste sub camps for collection of domestic All camps waste Odour & community Regular collection & disposal of domestic Contractor disturbance waste 6.3 Disposal of Soil, ground water and Dispose of biodegradable waste at Contractor Monthly Landfilling or composting biodegradabl surface water pollution designated landfill or compost area of biodegradable waste All camps e domestic waste 6.4 Disposal of Soil, ground water and Dispose of non-biodegradable, non- Contractor Monthly Landfilling, transfer to non- surface water pollution recyclable waste at designated landfill, licensed disposal site, or biodegradabl licensed disposal site incineration of non - All camps e & non- biodegradable, non- recyclable recyclable waste waste 6.5 Disposal of Loss of resources Sell recyclable waste to local vendors Contractor Monthly Recyclable waste sold to recyclable (where available) Landfill local vendors (where waste available) 6.6 Generation of Soil, ground water and Provide latrines at camps & prohibit staff Contractor Monthly Regularly cleaned sanitary surface water pollution from fouling the camp All camps latrines provided at all waste camps 6.7 Incineration Air pollution Do not burn materials which may result in Contractor Quarterly Air quality at any of waste release of toxic or hazardous substances Incineration inhabited area within the site sub-project area to meet NEQS for ambient air Spread of fire Provide fire extinguishers at incineration Contractor Monthly Fire extinguishers site Incineration placed at incineration Do not burn on site when surrounding Contractor site site vegetation is dry and combustible 6.8 Generation & Loss of resources Reuse construction waste where suitable Contractor End of works All construction waste collection of Sub-Project removed construction Visual impact & soil Remove all construction waste from Contractor area waste pollution project area
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
6.9 Disposal of Health & safety of staff Incineration at nearby hospital (or Contractor Monthly Medical waste not medical & public equivalent facility) Landfill disposed of in landfill waste 7.: Construction Health & Safety 7.1 General Health & safety to Qualified Health & Safety officer and site Contractor Before works CV of appointed Health construction staff\Incident Handling safety supervisor must be present all the commence & Safety officer and site - activities time at site. And shall be responsible for safety officer approved health & safety of staff by Engineer All necessary PPE provided to staff and its Contractor Monthly All necessary PPE worn use enforced, particularly the use of safety All work sites by all staff belts while working at site. Provide training to staff in the safe use of Contractor At Approval of Health & equipment & plant, use of PPE and commencement Safety Plan by Engineer handling of hazardous materials. Training of work & inclusion of training - shall include hazards of their work, hazard plan awareness, safe work practices and emergency procedures in case of fire No staff shall be allowed on the site who Contractor Entire sub- Monthly Induction provided to all has not undergone induction training project area staff A qualified doctor/paramedic shall be Contractor Entire sub- Monthly Paramedic staff is engaged on site and adequately equipped project area employed and first aid and properly staffed portable first boxes stations provided or dispensaries provided by the Contractor Identify potential hazards and provide Contractor - Monthly No accidents preventative measures to reduce risk of accidents In case of incident person shall be given first aid facility and ambulance service to the nearest hospital. Document & report accidents, diseases & Contractor - Monthly Cause of accident or incidents disease identified and measures implemented to prevent reoccurrence 7.2 Appointment Exploitation of local Do not hire children of less than 18 years Contractor Monthly No staff Employed are Entire project of labour communities old, pregnant women or women who have under the age of 18 or area delivered a child within 8 preceding weeks pregnant 8. Staff, Labour & Construction Camps
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
8.1 Locating Community Contractor shall enter into a signed and Contractor - Before camp Signed and witnessed Camps Disturbance witnessed agreement with the owner of establishment agreements in place for the land at which he wishes to establish each camp site situated camps in private land Locate camps at least 500 meters Contractor Camp Before camp Camp location at least (1625ft) from communities Locations establishment 300m (1625ft) from nearest community Appoint a Community Liaison Officer Contractor - Before works Community Liaison within Contractors staff commence Officer appointed Acquiring Private Land In case land is taken from a private Contractor Camp Before camp Community Liaison individual or public entity the contractor Locations establishment Officer has to sign a temporary lease agreement and will follow the Project’s RPF for meeting such land needs. Loss of flora & fauna Locate camps away from the Contractor Camp Before camp Construction of camp Surface water pollution embankments of water courses Locations establishment sites do not begin before Submit layout plans for each camp to the approval of the layout approval of the Engineer before plan construction of camp .8.2 Vegetation Disturbance to Flora The Contractor shall take full care to Contractor Camp At the time of Minimal unnecessary clearance and fauna preserve and protect from damage trees, Locations camp damage to vegetation native shrubbery & vegetation establishment Loss of ground Contractor to train staff engaged in Contractor - Before Training in species vegetation vegetation clearance. commencement identification included in contractor’s training plan Landscape change Before vegetation clearance a record of Contractor Camp Before camp Photographs of the the pre-project landscape situation shall Locations establishment camp areas taken be taken The Contractor shall reinstate camp area to original form upon completion Once after Removal of all camp of works. removal of each facilities (including Contractor camp site fences) Camp Locations sites 8.3 Tree Cutting Loss of habitat The Contractor shall maintain an inventory Contractor As per tree During & after Preparation of inventory of cut trees and plant saplings of native plantation plan camp of cut/uprooted trees by trees in the ratio of 1:5 trees cut establishment contractor and replanting of tress as per the tree plantation plan.
Taking care of new planted trees
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Supply fuel (gas cylinders) in work camps Contractor All camp Monthly Cooking fuel supplied and supplement with training to prevent locations and training delivered in labour felling trees their use at labour camps 8.4 Provision of Flooding of camp site Drainage provided & maintained in camp Contractor All camp Monthly No stagnant water drainage line Unsanitary living sites Locations accumulating in or conditions & spreading around camps of disease 8.5 Provision of Health, safety & Provision of electricity supply, lighting and Contractor All camp Monthly Reliable electricity camp wellbeing of workforce electric fans. Locations supply , lighting and fans facilities provided Provision of fire prevention & fighting Contractor All camp Monthly Fire extinguishers equipment Locations provided
Provision of sheltered kitchen area Contractor All camp Monthly Provision of sheltered separated from living quarters Locations kitchen separate to living quarters & adequately ventilated Provision of dormitories providing at least Contractor All camp Monthly Dormitories provided 4m² per resident Locations with at least 4m² floor space per resident Provision of canteens with a minimum Contractor All camp Monthly Canteen provides at floor space of 1.25m² per worker using Locations least 1.25m² floor space canteen at any time per worker using canteen at any one time Provision of roads & paths Contractor All camp Monthly Segregation of traffic Locations and pedestrians in camp Provision of safe & reliable water supply Contractor All camp Monthly Provision of drinking Locations water as per NEQS The Contractor shall maintain and cleanse Contractor All camp Monthly Clean latrines sufficient latrines for use by his employees Locations and ensure employees do not foul the camp/site Treatment/disposal facilities for sewage Contractor - At Method for treatment of commencement sewage to be included in contractor’s Pollution Control Plan Contractor Main camps Monthly Sewage treated before disposal
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Contractor Temporary & Monthly Sewage disposed of sub-camps through septic and burial The Contractor shall nominate a qualified Contractor - At Nomination of Health & Health & Safety Officer and shall prepare commencement Safety Officer and implementation the Health and Safety plan 8.5 Hunting by Disturbance to, and Hunting, poaching or trapping of Contractor - During Code of Conduct Contractors loss of, wildlife wildlife/game is strictly prohibited and shall commencement prepared and signed by staff be included in a Code of Conduct to be of work all staff signed by all Contractors Staff 8.6 Provision of Depletion of local water Contractor shall make his own Contractor Camp Monthly Water is not abstracted drinking resources arrangements for water supply for use by Locations from local water sources water his staff and in construction and install such as well or hand tube wells and hand pumps where pumps required 8.7 Provision of Air pollution Install fabric filters, cyclone control or wet Contractor Residences Quarterly Air quality at any generators scrubbers if necessary to ensure close to camp inhabited area within the particulate matter emissions from batching sites sub-project area to meet plant do not exceed 300 mg/Nm³ NEQS for ambient air (measured at source) Use low sulphur fuels and sorbent Contractor Camp Quarterly Air quality at any injection as necessary to reduce sulphur Locations inhabited area within the dioxide in ambient air to below 120µg/m³ sub-project area to meet (average measured over 24 hours) NEQS for ambient air Use of catalytic or non-catalytic reduction Contractor Camp Quarterly Air quality at any techniques as necessary to reduce oxides Locations inhabited area within the of nitrogen to below 80µg/m³ (average in sub-project area to meet ambient air measured over 24 hours) NEQS for ambient air Install generator stack at location and of Contractor Camp sites At Generator stack installed height as required by IFC. establishment of as per IFC requirements. camp 8.7 Sewage Water pollution Treatment/disposal facilities for sewage Contractor - At Method for treatment of Waste commencement sewage to be included in contractor’s Pollution Control Plan Camp Monthly Sewage treated before Locations disposal Sub- camps Monthly Sewage disposed of through burial
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Table 9.3: Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Activities Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Monitoring Monitoring body Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Canal surface Quarterly (at Effluent water quality water at main active camps) meets NEQS for and sub- municipal and liquid camps industrial effluent
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Table 9.4: Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementin Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts g Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
Impediments to Community Movement 1 Impediments The contractor’s traffic management plan to Blockage of community routes should include plans for the emergency Contractor health Monthly Basis Contractor traffic Community transfer of members of the public to suitable and Safety Plan management plan shall Movement medical facilities in the event of a serious be prepared and include Community disturbance due accident resulting from the construction to increase in traffic around Contractor Camp alternative routes for works. their traffic movement. settlements areas Office A complaints register shall be placed at the Contractor’s, PIU and Engineer’s offices to Near Community Routine basis Areas or settlements The key mitigation address complaints. provides in this ESMP. ✓ ✓ ✓ Blockage of local roads and routes shall be Contractor minimized. If unavoidable, consultation with Contractor Health the affected communities will be carried out and Safety Plan Routine Basis and alternate routes (by-passes) shall be identified and advertised.
Details of transport and medical treatment en-route are to be included in the contractor traffic management plan. Routine Basis
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Table 9.4: Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementin Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts g Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
2 Labor Influx Hiring of skilled and unskilled Priority shall be given to locals for skilled and All Work areas During project Skilled and unskilled labor unskilled jobs. (channel and execution phase labor are hired from local construction sites) community Increased population in the Respect for human rights and no violation on Monthly basis area by workforce from rights of labor Settlements near the No labor rights are outside the local community. work areas During siting of affected All camp siting shall be 500 m away from Contractor camp local community to avoid disturbance to local Camps are location from cultural norms. community trespass area and have adequate boundary Adequate training to migrant labor shall be Quarterly Basis provided on cultural norms of local community. Contractor training plan ✓ ✓ is implemented
accordingly. Educate and raise awareness among labors GBV or sexual exploitations (contractor’s staff) on the civil, social and and abuse among women and legal rights of women, adolescents and childerns children about risks of SEA, including case Entitre sub-project Routine Basis No GBV or sexual management support, health services, area exploitations take place. psychosocial support, police support and security, access to legal services, and shelter, if needed. Rights of women and childerns or any vulnerable groups are
not effected.
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Table 9.4: Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementin Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts g Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
4 Community The contractor’s Health and Safety Plan Health and Traffic movement around the should include plans for the emergency All Work sites Monthly Basis Contractor health and Safety sub-project areas transfer of members of the public to suitable safety is implemented medical facilities in the event of a serious Sanitary and solid accordingly Decline in air and water which accident waste Disposal
can cause health diseases locations During work Health and safety officer The contractor shall not permit casual asthma, skin irritation activities is available full time at observer close to work sites diarrhoea, hepatitis B and C, Contractor sites and typhoid ✓ ✓ Adequate safety measure is implemented No any waste is directly around work site (i.e. barricades, safety Safety hazards to local disposed near the water singes) During work community or trespassers due bodies, channel or on activities to bad housekeeping, open land Contractor shall prepare pollution prevention movement of machinery, and control plan, which shall include method During camp for the disposal of sanitary waste establishment Inadequate disposal of sewerage waste
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Table 9.4: Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementin Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts g Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
5 Community Use of community routes for A Community Liaison Officer will be Disturbance the transportation of appointed fulltime at site address Monthly basis Contractor community machinery and man power community issues if any. liaison officer is available full time at site. Use of generator, horns and The contractor shall locate its camps in which laborers shall reside overnight, at other equipment which may During camp No camp is located near least 500m (16,25 ft) cause noise pollution establishment any settlement
A complaints register shall be placed at the Congestion on community The record of social Contractor’s, PIU and Engineer’s offices to Monthly Basis routes complaint register is address complaints. The register shall maintained and is kept record measures taken in response to the Use of community water at contractor camp site complaint Contractor ✓ ✓ ✓ resource resulting on depletion
of community water resources. The contractors working hours shall be limited to between 7 am and 7pm, six days a week to Routine basis Construction of contractor reduce disturbance. Work timing are limited camps during day time and
community is consulted Construction carried out during before carryingout work The pressure horns will not be allowed while Routine basis night time passing through or near communities in the activities at night time sub-project are No pressure horn is used by contractor staff at all time.
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Table 9.4: Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Item Social Related Activity Mitigation Measures Implementin Monitoring Monitoring body Impacts g Entity Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Parameter PSIA PMU M&E C Location Frequency/ (for compliant action) Duration
6 Impacts on Impacts on women and other In awareness raising, women and Women, vulnerable groups are not vulnerable groups should be targeted. PMU, PIU, All Channel sites Monthly Consultation records Children, considered during planning, PSIA elderly, implementation, and Ensure participation of women and disabled, Awareness raising and other monitoring activities vulnerable groups in project activities records Vulnerable through consultations, to ensure planned Groups investments take the well-being of such Social mobilization groups into consideration. records ✓ ✓ ✓
Ensure participation of women and vulnerable groups in social mobilization activities. Use female social organizers and social mobilizers to reach out to women and discuss impacts that have specific relevance for women 7 Participation The voice and needs of Identify all direct and indirect stakeholders of women women and other vulnerable PMU, PIU, All Channel sites Monthly Consultation records and other groups do not inform project Hold meetings with all community groups. PSIA groups development activities Use female social organizers and social Awareness raising mobilizers to encourage participation of records women in all stages of the project. ✓ ✓ ✓
Social mobilization Identify the communication mechanisms records most commonly used by women and ensure these are used to impact and receive information throughout the project.
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10 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)
10.1 General
The BIWRMDP is committed to grievance redress. Effectively addressing grievances from people impacted by the Projects is a core component of managing operational risk. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRMs) will be an effective tool for early identification, assessment, and resolution of complaints. The approach to Grievance Redress will be through three interlinked steps: (i) a risk-based assessment of potential grievances, disputes or conflicts that may arise during project implementation; (ii) identification of the PMU’s existing capacity for grievance redress; and (iii) an action plan that identifies mechanisms at the project level and where applicable. Action plan will necessarily be BIWRMDP specific, but would focus on tangible arrangements and steps. A key emphasis will be to support improved departmental capacity for addressing disputes that might arise from Project impacts. A firm channel and mechanism will be adopted which will include: 1 Access Point / Complaint Uptake - The uptake channels should be established and publicized by the PMU and where relevant, the contractors. 2 Grievance Recording – It will be made sure that all incidents and complaints/grievances are properly recorded and in a timely manner 3 Assessment and Acknowledgment - Eligibility would be made to ensure that the issue being raised is relevant to the Project. A written response to the complainant, acknowledging receipt and detailing the next steps will duly be done. Response to the aggrieved about the mechanism and time span or referring to the next or appropriate channel for redress will be made. 4 Resolution and Follow-up – All grievances would be resolved within a stipulated time span at respective level. Follow-up of cases will be done to determine satisfaction with the process, resolution of complaint etc. 5 Record and Reporting - The PMU will provide tracking numbers to the grievances received to determine and monitor whether complaints have been redressed or not.
The Bank team would be provided the grievance data through scheduled progress reports on the status of grievance redress to support the PMU in early identification of developing any risks by the Task Team. The issues of grievances related to land donations and other project developments under BIWRMDP will be reported and addressed through the PMU and locally established Set-ups. It will be a tiered system at Union Council Level, District Level, River Basin Level and the Project Level. The Farmers Organizations (FOs) established under the project will also play role in GRM. All grievances will be recorded and within a stipulated time period, redressed.
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Figure 10.1: Key Steps in Grievance Redress Mechanism
10.2 Objectives of Grievance Redress Mechanism
A grievance redress mechanism (GRM), consistent with the requirements of the World Bank Operational Policies and Guidelines will be established to prevent and address community concerns, reduce risks, and assist the project to maximize environmental and social benefits. In addition to serving as a platform to resolve grievances, the GRM has been designed to help achieve the following objectives:
(a) Open channels for effective communication, including the identification of new social issues of concern arising from the project;
(b) Demonstrate concerns about community members and their environmental well-being; and
(c) Prevent and mitigate any adverse social impacts on communities caused by project implementation and operations.
The GRM will be accessible to diverse members of the community, including more vulnerable groups such as women and youth. Opportunities for confidentiality and privacy for complainants are to be honored where this is seen as important.
10.3 Principles, Procedures and Timelines
Bearing in mind the range of possible grievances, following three basic standards will underpin the proposed systems for handling these: All grievances submitted in writing to staff assigned under the proposed Public Complaints Centre (PCC) for the project will be formally recorded, and a written acknowledgement issued to the aggrieved; Grievances will be dealt with a referral basis; those that the Contractor or the Project Implementation Consultant (PIC) are unable to resolve will be referred to the Grievance Redress Committee, with a final provision for appeal to Project Director, if an issue cannot be resolved with the PMU of the project.
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Every effort will be made to address or resolve grievances within the below explained fixed time- lines, which will be an indicator against the performance of the handling system: - Acknowledgement of a written submission will be issued to the complainant within three working days. If not resolved earlier by the Contractor or Supervisory staff on site; - Grievances will be tabled for discussion/resolution to the Project Director within one week of receipt of the written submission. The Project Director will forward it to the Grievance Redress Committee, - If not satisfactorily resolved by the Grievance Redress Committee; the grievance will be referred to consideration by Secretary, Irrigation Department Government of Balochistan within 1 week. The cases that prove impossible to resolve through Grievance Redress Committee may be referred to the Project Steering Committee (PSC) established under the Planning and Development Department (P&D), Government of Balochistan, comprising senior representatives from P&D, Irrigation Department. This Board will meet as needed to adjudicate on cases and either send their recommendations for endorsement to the Secretary, P&D or refer these for legal action. Where feasible, a response will be forthcoming to such appeals within one month of submission. If the complainant is not satisfied, the complaint will have the option to seek redress through court of law.
10.4 Grievance Recording and Redress Monitoring
The Project Management Unit (PMU) will maintain the data base to document all complaints received from the local communities. The information recorded in the data base register will include date of the complaint, particulars of the complainant, description of the grievance, actions to be taken, the person responsible to take the action, movement of the document (forwarded to whom / which Committee), follow up requirements and the target date for the implementation of the mitigation measure. The data base will also record the actual measures taken to mitigate these concerns. All complaints received in writing or received verbally will be properly recorded and documented.
10.5 Dissemination
Once finalized, procedures to be followed through the grievance handling system will be translated into local languages (Urdu, Sindhi and Balochi). These will be made available (in both leaflet and poster format) to all stakeholders, through the PD office and Deputy Commissioner Lasbela, Loralai and Sibi.
The PD will ensure that copies of the standard grievance registration form are available with Consultants and the Contractor and are kept in sufficient numbers in local government / and area administration offices including Deputy Commissioners during the entire period of implementation. PD will also ensure that the database of all grievances submitted is updated on a regular basis, and that information on the status of individual cases is made available as required.
10.6 Proposed Mechanism for Grievance Redress under BIWRMDP
It is proposed to establish the following prior to commencing project implementation activities including pre- construction activities: (b) A Public Complaints Centre (PCC) will be established in the project office and will be responsible to receive, log, and resolve complaints; (c) A Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) will be established in the PMU office, responsible to oversee the functioning of the PCC
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(d) A non-judicial decision-making authority e.g. Project Steering Committee, for resolving grievances that cannot be resolved by PCC; (e) Grievance Focal Points (GFPs), which will be educated people from each community. The GFPs should be community members who easily approached by the community. The GFPs will be provided training by the Social Section of the PIC and PMU.
10.7 Public Complaints Centre
In its capacity as the project proponent, the PMU in consultation with the Irrigation Department, Balochistan will establish a Public Complaints Centre (PCC) in the PMU office. The PMU and the local government bodies will issue public notices to inform the public within the project area of the Grievance Redress Mechanism. The PCC’s phone number, fax, address, email address will be disseminated to the people through displays at the respective offices of the Deputy Commissioners Lasbela, Loralai and Sibi districts.
The PCC will be staffed by a full-time officer from the PMU and will be independent of the PIC and contractor/operator. The officer should have experience and/or training in dealing with complaints and mediation of disputes. The PCC officer will have resources and facilities to maintain a complaints database and communicate with contractor, Site Engineers, PIC, DC Lasbela, Loralai and Sibi and with complainants.
The PCC will be responsible to receive, log, and resolve grievances. Given that the female community members have restricted mobility outside of their villages and homes, the female PMU staff will be required to undertake visits to the local communities. The female Social Organizer along with Gender Specialist will visit the sub-project area on weekly, monthly, and quarterly basis to solve the grivances at community level. However, GRM committee is also constituted at PIU and women development group (WDG) to solve grivances immediately.
10.8 Grievance Redress Committee (GRC)
The GRC will function as an independent body that will regulate PCC and the grievance redress process. At sub-project level, a GRC will be formed which will be comprise of a Sociologist, Senior Engineer from PMU and representative from the community.
10.9 Grievance Focal Points (GFPs)
The GFPs will be educated/literate people from each community that will assist and facilitate the community members in reporting grievances resulting from project activities. The GFPs will be provided training by the PMU/PSIA in facilitating grievance redress. Two GFPs (a female and male) will be selected for project area.
10.10 Role and Responsibilities of PCC
The responsibilities of the PCC are: a. The PCC will log complaint and date of receipt onto the complaint database and inform the PIC and the Contractor; b. The PCC will instruct contractors and PIC to refer any complaints that they have received directly to the PCC. Similarly, the PCC will coordinate with local government to “capture” complaints made directly to them; c. The PCC, with the PIC and the Contractor, will investigate the complaint to determine its validity, and to assess whether the source of the problem is due to project activities, and identify appropriate
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corrective measures. If corrective measures are necessary, PCC, through the PIC, will instruct the Contractor to take necessary action; d. The PCC will inform the Complainant of investigation results and the action taken; e. If complaint is transferred from local government agencies, the PCC will submit interim report to local government agencies on status of the complaint investigation and follow-up action within the time frame assigned by the above agencies; f. The PCC will review the Contractors response on the identified mitigation measures, and the updated situation; g. The PCC will undertake additional monitoring, as necessary, to verify as well as review that any valid reason for complaint does not recur.
During the complaint investigation, the PCC should work together with the Contractor and the PIC. If mitigation measures are identified in the investigation, the Contractor will promptly carry out the mitigation. PIC will ensure that the measures are carried out by the Contractor.
10.10.1 GRM Steps and Timeframe
Procedures and timeframes for the grievance redress process are as follows: Stage 1: When a grievance arises, the affected person may contact the contractor/operator and the project manager directly to resolve the issue of concern. If the issue is successfully resolved, no further follow-up is required; Stage 2: If no ad hoc solution can be found, the affected person/s will submit an oral or written complaint to the PCC by themselves or through GRM entry points (the CFP, PIC, and Contractor/Operator). For an oral complaint the PCC must make a written record. For each complaint, the PCC must investigate the complaint, assess its eligibility, and identify an appropriate solution. It will provide a clear response within five (5) working days to the complainant PIC and Contractor. The PCC will, as necessary, through PIC instruct the Contractor to take corrective actions. The PCC will review the Contractor’s response and undertake additional monitoring. During the complaint investigation, the PCC will work in close consultation with the Contractors, and the Supervising Engineer (during construction) and with the PMU representatives (during operation). The contractors during construction and the PIC during operation should implement the redress solution and convey the outcome to the PCC within seven (7) working days; Stage 3: If no solution can be identified by the PCC or if the complainant is not satisfied with the suggested solution under Stage 2, the PCC will organize, within two (2) weeks, a multi-stakeholder meeting under the auspices of the PD-PMU, where all relevant stakeholders (i.e., the complainant, PIC, contractor/operator, relevant local government offices) will be invited. The meeting should result in a solution acceptable to all, and identify responsibilities and an action plan. The contractors during construction and the PIC during operation should implement the agreed-upon redress solution and convey the outcome to the PCC within seven (7) working days; Stage 4: If the multi-stakeholder hearing process is not successful, the PCC will inform Project Steering Committee (PSC) accordingly, and the PSC will organize a special meeting to address the problem and identify a solution; and Stage 5: If the affected people are still not satisfied with the reply in Stage 4, he or she can go through to local judicial proceedings.
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10.11 Nomination of Focal Person for GRM at Community Level
The BIWRMD project has constituted four GRM committees at PSIA and PIU levels for Khajjak, Dehpal, Kurak, and Marghazani Channels. To further streamline the procedures, during community consultations at both these Channels, the FO through mutual agreement of their members, have nominated the following Focal Persons for grievance redress at the FO level;
Table 10.1: Member of GRM Female Focal Members
S.No Name of Channel Name Name of WDGs
1 Rabia Bibi W/O M. Akhter Marghazani Rukhsana Kousar W/O Abdullah Jum Khushdil Khan Marghzani Tahira D/O Khuda Bakhsh 2 Dehpal Maria Bibi D/O Allha Bakhsh Dehpal Kalaan
Kurak Rabia W/O Saeed Khan 3 Fahmida D/O Wazir Khan Malik Noor Muhammad Lalozai Tania D/O Rahim Khan 4 Marghazani Sonia W/O Bashir Ahmed Muhala Karam Khan Mizri Safia Khatoon D/O Mohd. Asghar Yasmeen Bibi D/O Din 5 Marghazani Muhammad Muhala Farooq Mizri
Khajjak Bushra Bibi W/O Hazar Khan 6 Ajab Khaton W/O Sikandar Khan Umarzai Khajjak Sajda Bibi W/O M.Ibrahim 7 Khajjak Amna Anwar D/O Mohd. Anwar Muhala Sadaat Khajjak Taj Bibi D/O Mohd. Umar 8 Marghazani Safia Bibi W/O Khaiq Dad Muhala Yousafzai Marghzani Zenat Bibi D/O Bashir Ahmed
9 Marghazani Naaz Bibi W/O Abdul Ghafar Muhala Sherozai Marghzani
Table 10.2: Member of GRM Focal persons S. Name of FO Name of Focal Person Designation No. 1 Dehpal Channel Malik Akbar Dehpal Chairman 2 Marghazani Channel Malik Faqeer Mohammad Chairman 3 Khajjak Channel Khudadad Khajjak Chairman 4 Kurak Channel Rasheed Khan Chairman
10.12 Budget for GRM Implementation
The cost for the implementation of GRM activities of the Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme is kept 2,000, 000/= rupees and provided in Section 11. The cost given will be borne by the project proponent (Client)32.
32 Budget for GRM implementation for Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme will remain unchanged, as of given in two channel ESMP.
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11 ESMP Implementation Budget
Most of the environmental and social management activities will be undertaken by the Contractor. As the contract had already been awarded to the contractor, therefore, the cost of ESMP activities from Sr. No. 1 to 4 will be included in the Contractor Budget and Bill of Quantities (BoQs) through variation order in accordance to the procedures defined in the Condition of Contract (CoC) of bidding document. The activities and cost of items given from Sr. No. 5 and 7 will borne by the client (PMU). The ESMP implementation budget will be applicable for this sub-project. The cost details for the implementation of ESMP details are provided in the table below.
Table 11.1: ESMP Implementation Cost Estimates33 S. No. Description Estimated Cost (PKR) Preparation and Implementation of Contractor 200,000 Rupees/Month X 24 Environmental and Social Management Plan (Pollution months= 4800,000 Rupees Prevention Plan (Air/Noise/Waste/Sanitary waste (To be included in Contractor Budget 1. management plans), Tree Plantation Plan, Traffic through VO), as defined above Management Plan, EHS training Plan)34
Preparation and Implementation of Contractor Health and Safety Plan (Detailed HSP, emergency plan) 200,000 Rupees/Month X 24= 2. 4800,000 Rupees (To be included in Contractor Budget through VO), as defined above. Appointment of ESMP Staffing35 30,0000 Rupees/Month 24 Paramedic staff months= 7200,000 Rupees Health and Safety Officer To be included in Contractor Budget Environmental Officer through VO), as defined above. 3. Human Resource Officer Community Liaison Officer Safety Supervisor
Cost for Tree Plantation (Layout/Site Clearance, pit 1000 PKR/tree X 1245 number of alignment and digging of earth (2X2X2), pit enrichment, trees= 1245,000 rupees 4. plant fencing, transportation, loading and unloading, (To be included in Contractor Budget planting a tree, after care for one year)36. through VO), as defined above.
Baseline Ambient Air/Water/Noise Monitoring (on Quarterly 1800,000 Rupees 5. basis) Entire Project Duration37 (Cost to be borne by PMU) GRM (All expenses to be incurred in GRM implementation) 20,00000 rupees 6. (Cost to be borne by PMU) Contingency38 (0.05%, sr 1-6) 1,092,250 rupees 7. (Cost to be borne by PMU)
33 These are only estimated cost. Final cost agreement between contractor and PMU will be made in accordance to the CoC and procedures will be followed. 34 Cost for implementation of management plans (sr 1-2) will remain same for whole Nari Gorge Integrated scheme. 35 Budget for ESMP staffing will remain same same for whole Nari Gorge Integrated scheme. 36 The cost of tree plantation shall be considered separately for remaning channels from two channel ESMP. 37 Cost of baseline monitoring is applicable for all sub-project channel site included in Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme. 38 For unforeseen social and environmental impact.
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12 References
The following documents were referred during the preparation of ESMP.
1. Social Impact Assessment and Management Plan, BIWRMDP Jan 2016 2. Environmental Assessment (EA), BIWRMDP, Jan 2016 3. Project Appraisal Document (PAD), Jun 2016 4. Appraisal Stage Integrated Safeguard Data Sheet (ISDS), BIWRMDP, Feb 2016 5. Bidding documents (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) 6. Engineering Drawings (Nari Gorge Integrated Scheme) 7. District development profile report, Sibi, GoB, 2011 8. Option study on identification, design outlines, and cost-effective of schemes, main report, Oct 2013 9. Detailed feasibility study of Nari Gorge Integrated sub-project (Revised), Sept 2014.
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Appendices
Appendix A. Study Team ______159 Appendix B. Environmental Code of Practices (ECOPs) ______161 Appendix C. Format of a Monthly Monitoring Report ______172 Appendix D. Monthly Monitoring Checklist ______174 Appendix E. List of Participants (Public Consultation, Formation of FO and WDGs ______179
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Appendix A. Study Team
Special thanks to Mr. Muhammad Arif Khan (Social Safeguard Specialist of PMU) during the field visits to the all four channels including FIS Arand and Bori schemes of Khajjak, Marghazani, Dehpal and Kurak; taking lead role in the conduction of meetings, FO formations, technical backstopping of PSIA social teams in baseline surveys, formation of women development groups, walk through surveys along with channels, involvements of all line departments in the study, ensure compliance of VLD and provided technical support on the all social aspects of the sub-project area. The study team involved in various activities is given below:
Table A.1: Name of Team Members S. No Name of members Responsibilities 1. Mr. Shadab Ahmed (Short Review baseline surveys data Term Environmental Walk through survey along with channels for environmental Specialist) aspects Preparation of ESMP 2. Mr. Abdul Jabbar Kakar Baseline Samplings (Air/Water/Noise/Meteorological Parameters) (Deputy Director EPA) 3. Mr. Abdul Shakoor Kakar Supported teams in below mentioned all social aspects of the sub- (Community Development project area Specialist PSIA) 4. Mr. Haseeb Community Participate in project orientation meetings and review meetings Mobilizer PSIA Data collection and feeding of all channel villages 5. Mr. Sar Anjam Community Initial meetings with communities and give orientations on project Mobilizer PSIA objectives and interventions etc 6. Mr. Samiullah Khan Social Keep records of each meetings and baseline surveys etc Organizer PSIA Support project teams in organizations of FO formations meetings, 7. Mr. Rashid Nabi Social record keeping (hard/soft) Organizer PSIA 8. Ms. Sara (Gender Overall supervision, technical backstopping and demonstrations of Specialist) Gender program in the field and desk work. 9. Ms. Razia (Female Social Formation of WDGs Organizer) Women side Community Consultations Record keeping 10. Mr. Sikandar Zehri Deputy Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings Project Director PIU sibi 11. Mr. Amjad Sohail Deputy Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings Director OFWM 12. Mr. Khurram Baig OFWM Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings 13. Mr. Muhammad Javed Supported social teams in baseline surveys Field Engineer OFWM 14. Mr. Rashid Ali OFWM Participated all FOs formations and Consultative Meetings Officer 15. Abdul Rehman Cade Facilitations of teams in provision of stationery, Photostats, hall Operator PIU Sibi arrangements during meetings, sessions and presentations Logistic support etc
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Appendix B. Environmental Code of Practices (ECOPs)
The basic objective of ESMP exercise is to minimize adverse impacts of project interventions on the environment of the sub-project area. The following Environmental Code of Practices (ECoPs) provides the method in which the Contractor should comply with the mitigations contained in this ESMP. The objectives of these ECoPs are to provide best guideline practices on environmental, health and safety during the operation phase of the sub-project.
The following ECoPs be followed best practices:
Water resource management Drainage Waste Management Management of fuel and hazardous material Management of soil quality Control of Sediment and erosion Management of air quality Management of Noise and vibration Protection of flora Protection of Fauna Health and Safety Protection Fisheries Cultural Heritage Traffic Management Management of Contractor Camp Water Resource Management
Table 1: ECoP for Water Resource Management Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Drinking water Groundwater at shallow Tube wells will be installed with due regard to the surface environment, depths might be protection of groundwater from surface contaminants, and protection contaminated and hence of aquifer cross contamination. not suitable for drinking Control the quality of groundwater to be used for drinking water on the purposes. basis of NEQS standards for drinking water. Safe and sustainable discharges are to be ascertained prior to selection of pumps. All tube wells, test holes, monitoring wells that are no longer in use or needed shall be properly decommissioned Construction Construction works in the Monitor the water quality in the runoff from the site, and improve work activities in water water bodies will increase practices as necessary bodies sediment and contaminant Minimize the generation of sediment, oil and grease, excess nutrients, loading, and affect the organic matter, litter, debris and any form of waste (particularly habitat of fish and other petroleum and chemical wastes). These substances must not enter aquatic biology. waterways, storm water systems or underground water tables. Use environment friendly and nontoxic slurry during construction of piles to discharge into the river. Reduce infiltration of contaminated drainage through storm water management design Do not discharge cement and water curing used for cement concrete directly into water courses and drainage inlets.
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Discharge from During construction both Install temporary sediment basins, where appropriate, to capture construction sites surface and groundwater sediment-laden runoff from the site. quality may be Divert runoff from undisturbed areas around the construction site deteriorated due to Stockpile materials away from drainage lines construction activities in Prevent all solid and liquid wastes entering waterways by collecting solid the river, sewerages from waste, oils, chemicals, bitumen spray waste and wastewaters from construction sites and work brick, concrete and asphalt cutting where possible and transport to an camps. The construction approved waste disposal site or recycling depot. works will modify ground Wash out ready-mix concrete agitators and concrete handling cover and topography equipment at washing facilities off site or into approved bunded areas changing the surface water on site. Ensure that tires of construction vehicles are cleaned in the drainage patterns, washing bay (constructed at the entrance of the construction site) to including infiltration and remove the mud from the wheels. This should be done in every exit of storage of storm water. The each construction vehicle to ensure the local roads are kept clean. change in hydrological regime leads to increased rates of runoff and in sediment and contaminant loading, increased flooding, groundwater contamination, and affect the habitat of fish and other aquatic biology. Soil erosion and Soil erosion and dust from Stabilize the cleared areas not used for construction activities with siltation the material stockpiles will vegetation or appropriate surface water treatments as soon as increase the sediment and practicable following earthwork to minimize erosion contaminant loading of Ensure that roads used by construction vehicles are swept regularly to surface water bodies. remove sediment. Water the material stockpiles (where appropriate), access roads and bare soils on an as required basis to minimize dust. Increase the watering frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. High winds) Handling, use, Water pollution from the Follow the management guidelines proposed in ECoPs for Waste storage & disposal storage, handling and Management and Management of Fuels & Hazardous Substances. of hazardous disposal of hazardous Minimize the generation of sediment, oil and grease, excess nutrients, material and waste materials and general organic matter, litter, debris and any form of waste (particularly construction waste, and petroleum and chemical wastes). These substances must not enter a accidental spillage watercourse or underground water tables
Table 2: ECoP for Drainage Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Excavation and Lack of proper drainage Provide alternative drainage for rainwater if the construction earthworks, and for rainwater, surface works/earth-fillings cut the established drainage line construction yards water, liquid waste or Rehabilitate road drainage structures immediately if damaged by wastewater owing to contractors’ road transports. the construction Build new drainage lines as appropriate and required for wastewater activities harms the from the construction yards connecting to the available nearby recipient environment in terms water bodies. Ensure wastewater quality conforms to the relevant of water and soil standards before being discharged into recipient water bodies. contamination, and Ensure the internal roads/hard surfaces in the construction mosquito growth. yards/construction camps have adequate storm water drainage to accommodate high runoff during a downpour and that there will be no stagnant water remaining in the area at the end of the downpour. Construct wide drains instead of deep drains to avoid sand deposition in the drains that will require frequent cleaning. Protect natural slopes of drainage channels to ensure adequate storm water drains.
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Regularly inspect and maintain all drainage channels to assess and alleviate any drainage congestion problem. Reduce infiltration of contaminated drainage through storm water management design
Table 3: ECoP for Waste Management Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Generation of Safety, health and Collect chemical wastes in 200 liter drums (or similar sealed container), hazardous wastes environmental hazards appropriately labelled for safe transport to an approved chemical waste due to improper waste depot. Management practices Store, transport and handle all chemicals, avoiding potential environmental pollution. Collect hydrocarbon wastes, including lubricating oils, for safe transport off-site for reuse, recycling, treatment or disposal at approved locations. Construct concrete or other impermeable flooring to prevent seepage in case of spills. Store all hazardous wastes appropriately in Bunded areas away from watercourses. Make available Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for hazardous materials on-site during construction. General waste Soil, surface water & Request suppliers to minimize packaging where practicable. ground water pollution Place a high emphasis on good housekeeping practice. from the improper Collect and transport non-hazardous wastes to all the approved disposal disposal of wastes. sites. Train and instruct all personnel in waste management practices and procedures as a component of the environmental induction process. Develop waste management plan for various specific waste streams (e.g., reusable waste, flammable waste, construction debris, food waste, etc.) prior to commencing of construction and submit to PIC for approval. Organize disposal of all wastes generated during construction in an environmentally acceptable manner. This will include consideration of the nature and location of the disposal site, so as to cause less environmental impact. Maintain all construction sites in a clean, tidy and safe condition and provide and maintain appropriate facilities for temporary storage of all wastes before transportation and final disposal Provide refuse containers at each worksite. Minimize the production of waste materials through the ‘3 Rs’ (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse) approach. Segregate and reuse or recycle all the wastes, wherever practical.
Table 4: ECoP for Management of Fuels & Hazardous Substances Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Fuels and hazardous Materials used in Put containers and drums in temporary storages in clearly marked goods construction have a areas, where they will not be run over by vehicles or heavy machinery. potential to be a source The area should preferably slope or drain to a safe collection area in the of contamination. event of a spill.. Improper storage and Train the relevant construction personnel in handling of fuels and handling of fuels, spill/pollution control procedures. lubricants, chemicals Store dangerous goods in bunded areas on a top of a sealed plastic and hazardous sheet or other impervious material away from watercourses. goods/materials on- Refuelling should occur only within bunded areas. site, and potential spills Make available MSDS for chemicals and dangerous goods on-site. from these goods may
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline harm the environment Transport waste of dangerous goods, which cannot be recycled, to a or health of designated & approved disposal site. construction workers. Prepare pollution control procedures and submit the plan to the Engineer. Put containers and drums in permanent storage areas on an impermeable floor that slopes in a safe collection area in the event of a spill or leak. Take all precautionary measures when handling and storing fuels and lubricants, avoiding environmental pollution. Avoid the use of material with greater potential for contamination by substituting them with more environmentally friendly material. Provide absorbent and containment material (e.g. Absorbent mats) where hazardous material is used and stored and train personnel in their correct use. Provide protective clothing, safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, goggles, to the construction personnel, appropriate to materials in use. Make sure all containers, drums, and tanks that are used for storage are in good condition and label with expiry date. Any container, drum, or tank that is dented, cracked, or rusted might eventually leak. Check for leakage regularly to identify potential problems before they occur. Store hazardous materials above flood plain level.
Table 5: ECoP for Management of Soil Quality Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction material Erosion from construction Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is likely to occur, stock piles material stockpiles may protect with silt fences, straw bales or bunds contaminate the soils Storage of hazardous Spillage of hazardous and Strictly manage the waste management plans proposed and storage and toxic chemicals toxic chemicals will of materials. contaminate the soils Construct appropriate spill contaminant facilities for all fuel storage areas. Establish and maintain a hazardous materials, register detailing the location and quantities of hazardous substances, including storage, use and disposal Train personnel and implement safe work practices for minimizing the risk of spillage Identify the cause of contamination, if it is reported, and contain the area of contamination. The impact may be contained by isolating the source or implementing controls around the affected site Remediate the contaminated land using the most appropriate available method
Table 6: ECoP for Control of Sediment & Erosion Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction activities The impacts of soil erosion Install ‘cut off drains’ on large cut/fill batter slopes to control water and material stockpiles are runoff speed and hence erosion Increased run off and Observe the performance of drainage structures and erosion controls sedimentation causing a during rain and modify as required. Locate stockpiles away from greater flood hazard drainage lines downstream Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is likely to occur, with Destruction of aquatic silt fences, straw bales or bunds environments in nearby Remove debris from drainage paths and sediment control structures lakes, streams, and Cover loose materials and water them if required reservoirs caused by Divert natural runoff around construction areas prior to any site erosion and/or deposition disturbance of sediment damaging the Control drainage through a site in protected channels or slope drains
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline spawning grounds of fish, and Destruction of vegetation by burying or gullying. Clearing of construction Cleared areas and slopes Reinstate and protect cleared areas as soon as possible. sites are susceptible to erosion Cover unused area of disturbed or exposed surfaces immediately of top soils that will affect with mulch/grass turfings/tree plantations the growth of vegetation causing ecological imbalance.
Table 7: ECoP for Air Quality Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction machinery Air quality can be Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) will be banned adversely affected by from construction sites emissions from Fit machinery with appropriate exhaust systems and emission control machinery and devices. Maintain these devices in good working condition. combustion of fuels. Focus special attention on containing the emissions from generators Service all equipment regularly to minimize emissions Construction activities Dust generation from Minimize the extent and period of exposure of the bare surfaces construction sites, Reschedule earthwork activities or vegetation clearing activities, where material stockpiles and practical, if necessary, to avoid periods of high wind and if visible dust is access roads is a blowing off-site nuisance in the Water the material stockpiles & access roads on an as required basis to environment and can minimize the production of dust. Increase the watering frequency be a health hazard. during periods of high risk (e.g. High winds) Restore disturbed areas as soon as practicable by vegetation/grass- turfing
Table 8: ECoP for Noise & Vibration Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction activity Noise and vibration Notify affected people if/when noisy activities will be undertaken may have an impact on Plan activities on site and deliveries to and from site to minimize impact people, property, Monitor and analyze noise and vibration results and adjust construction fauna, livestock and the practices as required. natural environment. Notify adjacent residents prior to any typical noise event outside of daylight hours Educate the operators of construction equipment on potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise emissions Employ best available work practices on-site to minimize occupational noise levels Avoid undertaking the noisiest activities at night near the residential areas Construction vehicular Increased noise levels Maintain all vehicles in accordance with manufactures maintenance traffic in the project area procedures to ensure good working order Make sure all drivers will comply with the traffic codes concerning maximum speed limit, driving hours, etc. Construction machinery Noise and vibration Appropriately site all noise generating activities to avoid noise pollution may have an impact on to local residents people, property, Install acoustic enclosures around generators to reduce noise levels. fauna, livestock and the Fit high efficiency mufflers to appropriate construction equipments. natural environment. Use the quietest available plant and equipment Modify equipment to reduce noise (for example, noise control kits, lining of truck trays) Maintain all vehicles in accordance with manufactures maintenance procedures to ensure good working order
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Table 9: ECoP for Flora Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Vegetation clearance Local flora is important Clear only the vegetation that needs to be cleared in accordance with to provide shelters for the designs. These measures are applicable to both the construction the fauna, offer fruits areas as well as for any associated activities such as sites for stockpiles, and/or timber/fire disposal of fill and construction of diversion roads, etc. wood and protect soil Do not burn cleared vegetation – where feasible, chip or mulch and erosion. Such as reuse it for the rehabilitation of affected areas, temporary access tracks damage to flora has a or landscaping. Mulch provides a seed source, can limit embankment wide range of adverse erosion, retains soil moisture and nutrients, and encourages re-growth environmental impacts. and protection from weeds. Reduce disturbance to surrounding vegetation Use appropriate type and minimum size of the machine to avoid disturbance to adjacent vegetation’s. Get approval from the supervision consultant for clearance of vegetation. Make selective and careful pruning of trees where possible to reduce the need of tree removal. Control noxious weeds by disposing of at a designated dump site or burn on site. Provide adequate knowledge to the workers regarding nature protection and the need to avoid felling trees during construction Supply appropriate fuel in the work camps to prevent fuel wood collection. Return topsoil and mulched vegetation (in areas of native vegetation) to approximately the same area of the roadside it came from. Avoid work within the drip-line of trees to prevent damage to the tree roots and compacting the soil. Minimize the length of time the ground is exposed or excavation left open by clearing and re-vegetating the area at the earliest practical possible. Ensure excavation works occur progressively and re-vegetation is implemented at the earliest practicable stage
Table 10: ECoP for Fauna Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction activities The location of Limit the construction works within the CoI. construction activities The Contractor is not permitted to destruct active nests or eggs of can result in the loss of migratory birds wildlife habitat and Minimize tree removal during the bird breeding season. habitat quality Minimize the release of oil, oil wastes or any other substances harmful to migratory birds to any waters or areas frequented by migratory birds. Impact on migratory birds, habitat and active nests Construction camps Illegal poaching Provide adequate knowledge to the workers regarding protection of flora and fauna, and relevant government regulations and punishments for illegal poaching. Vegetation clearance Clearance of vegetation Restrict the tree removal to the minimum required. may impact shelter, Retain tree hollows on site, where appropriate feeding and/or Leave dead trees where possible as habitat for fauna breeding and/or Fell the hollow bearing trees in a manner which reduces the potential physical destruction for fauna mortality. After felling, hollow trees will remain unmoved and severing of habitat overnight to allow animals to move of their own accord. areas
Table 11: ECoP for Health & Safety
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Trainings Lack of awareness and Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues basic knowledge in (e.g. How to avoid malaria and transmission of sexually transmitted health care among the infections (STI) HIV/AIDS). construction workforce, Train all construction workers in general health and safety matters, and making them on the specific hazards of their work Training should consist of basic susceptible to potential hazard awareness, site specific hazards, safe work practices, and diseases. emergency procedures for fire, evacuation, and natural disaster, as appropriate. Commence a malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign and compliment it with a strong condom marketing and increased access to condoms in the area Implement malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign targeting all workers hired, international and national, female and male, skilled, semi- and unskilled occupations, at the time of recruitment and thereafter pursued throughout the construction phase on a regular basis. Accidents Health and safety of the Ensure health care facilities and first aid facilities are readily available. workforce, exasperated Appropriately equipped first-aid stations should be easily accessible if adequate health care throughout the project area is not available Document and report occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents. Prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring in the course of work by minimizing, so far as reasonably practicable, the causes of hazards. In a manner consistent with good international industry practice. Identify potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life- threatening and provide necessary preventive and protective measures. Provide awareness to the construction drivers to strictly follow the driving rules Provide adequate lighting in the construction area Construction Camps Lack of proper The Contractor shall provide the following facilities in the campsites to infrastructure facilities, improve health and hygienic conditions as mentioned in Table 14 such as housing, water (Construction Camp Management): supply and sanitation Adequate ventilation facilities facilities will increase Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from deep tube wells that pressure on the local meets the national standards services and generate Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system substandard living Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes standards and health Storm water drainage facilities. hazards. Recreational and social facilities Safe storage facilities for petroleum and other chemicals in accordance with Table 2 Solid waste collection and disposal system in accordance with Table 1. Arrangement for trainings Security fence at least two meters in height. -Sick bay and first aid facilities Water and sanitation Lack of water, The contractor shall provide latrines on the construction sites. Location facilities at the sanitation facilities at of facilities should be at least six meters away from any storm drain construction sites construction sites cause system and surface waters. These latrines should be cleaned once a day. inconvenience to the The contractor should provide drinking water facilities to the construction workers construction workers at all the construction sites. and affect their personal hygiene. General construction Construction works Implement suitable safety standards for all workers and site visitors, works may pose health and which should not be less than those laid down on the international safety risks to the standards (e.g. International Labor Office guideline on ‘Safety and construction workers Health in Construction; World Bank Group’s ‘Environmental Health and and site visitors leading Safety Guidelines’) and contractor’s own national standards or statutory
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline to severe injuries and regulations, in addition to complying with the national acts and rules of deaths. The population the Government of Pakistan in the proximity of the Provide the workers with a safe and healthy work environment, taking construction site and into account inherent risks in its particular construction activity and the construction specific classes of hazards in the work areas, workers will be exposed Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for workers, such as safety to a number of boots, helmets, masks, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, full-face eye (i) biophysical health shields, and ear protection. Maintain the PPE properly by cleaning dirty, risk factors, (e.g. noise, and replacing damaged, PPE. dust, chemicals, Safety procedures include provision of information, training and construction material, protective clothing to workers involved in hazardous operations and solid waste, waste proper performance of their job water, vector Appoint an environment, health and safety manager to look after the transmitted diseases health and safety of the workers etc), Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security (ii) risk factors resulting before commencement of civil works and establishment of construction from human behaviour camps so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social (e.g. STD, HIV etc) and and security matters (iii) Road accidents The Contractor shall follow the ECoPs presented in the following tables from construction to reduce health risks to the construction workers and nearby traffic. community
Table 12: ECoP for Cultural Heritage Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction activities Disturbance from Do not block access to cultural and religious sites, wherever possible near religious and construction works to Restrict all construction activities within the foot prints of the cultural sites cultural and religious construction sites. sites, and contractors Stop construction works that produce noise (particularly during prayer lack of knowledge on time) should there be any mosque/religious/educational institutions cultural issues causing close to the construction sites and the users make any objections. social disturbances. Take special care and use appropriate equipment when working next to a cultural/religious institution. Stop work immediately and notify the site manager if, during construction, an archaeological or burial site is discovered. It is prohibited to recommence work in the vicinity of the site until approval to continue is given by the Engineer Show appropriate behavior with all construction workers, especially women and elderly people Allow the workers to participate in prayers during construction time Resolve cultural issues in consultation with local leaders and the Engineer Establish a mechanism that allows local people to raise grievances arising from the construction process. Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religion and security before commencement of civil works so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters
Table 13: ECoP for Traffic Management Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Construction vehicular Increased traffic use of Restrict truck deliveries, where practicable, today time working hours. traffic roads by construction Restrict the transport of oversize loads. vehicles will affect the Operate road traffics/transport vehicles, if possible, at non-peak periods movement of normal to minimise traffic disruptions. road traffics and the Enforce on-site speed limit safety of the road- Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to PIC for their approval. users. Include measures in the traffic management plan to ensure uninterrupted traffic movement during construction: detailed drawings
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Accidents and spillage of traffic arrangements showing all detours, temporary road, temporary of fuels and chemicals diversions, necessary barricades, warning signs/lights, road signs, etc. Provide signs at strategic locations of the roads complying with the schedules of signs contained in the Pakistani Traffic Regulations. Install and maintain a display board at each important road intersection on the roads to be used during construction, which shall clearly show the following information in Urdu:
Table 14: ECoP for Camp Management Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline Safety Inadequate safety Provide appropriate security personnel (police /home guard or private facilities at the security guards) and enclosures to prevent unauthorized entry into the construction camps camp area. may create security Maintain register to keep track of personnel present in the camp at any problems and fire given time. hazards Encourage use of flameproof material for the construction of labor housing/site office. Ensure that these houses/rooms are of sound construction and capable of withstanding storms/cyclones. Provide appropriate type of fire fighting equipment’s suitable for the construction camps Display emergency contact numbers clearly and prominently in strategic places in camps. Communicate the roles and responsibilities of laborers in case of emergency in the monthly meetings with contractors. Construction Camp Lack of proper Adequate housing for all workers Facilities infrastructure facilities, Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from tube wells that meets such as housing, water the national standards supply and sanitation Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. Provide separate facilities will increase latrines and bathing places for males and females with total isolation by pressure on the local wall or by location. Female toilets should be clearly marked in a services and generate language understood by the persons using them to avoid substandard living miscommunication. standards and health Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes hazards. Storm water drainage facilities – shallow v drains should be provided on both sides of any camp roads to drain off storm water. Pave the internal roads of at least haring-bond bricks to suppress dust and to work against possible muddy surface during monsoon. Provide in-house community/common entertainment facilities. Dependence of local entertainment outlets by construction staff is to be discouraged/prohibited to the extent possible. Disposal of waste Management of wastes Ensure proper collection and disposal of solid wastes within the is crucial to minimize construction camps impacts on the Encourage waste separation by source; organic wastes in one container environment, such as and inorganic wastes in another container at household level. soil or water pollution. Store inorganic wastes in a safe place within the household and clear organic wastes on a daily basis to waste collector. Establish waste collection, transportation and disposal systems supported by adequate manpower and equipment/vehicles. Dispose organic wastes in a designated safe place on a daily basis. At the end of the day cover the organic wastes with a thin layer of sand so that flies, mosquitoes, dogs, cats, rats etc. are not attracted. Where waste is disposed of in a pit take care to protect groundwater from contamination by leachate formed due to decomposition. Cover the bed of the pit with an impervious layer of materials (clay, thin concrete) to protect groundwater from contamination. Locate the garbage pit/waste disposal site min 500 m away from the residence so that peoples are not disturbed with the odor likely to be
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline produced from anaerobic decomposition of wastes at the waste dumping places. Encompass the waste dumping place with fencing to prevent access to children. Do not establish site specific landfill sites. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in approval waste disposal sites. Siting and Location of Campsites for Locate the construction camps in areas which are acceptable construction camps construction workers considering a balance of environmental, cultural and social aspects. are important locations Consider the location of construction camps away from communities in that have significant order to avoid social conflict in using the natural resources such as impacts such as health water or to avoid the possible adverse impacts of the construction and safety hazards on camps on the surrounding communities. local resources and Submit to PIC for approval a detailed layout plan for the development of infrastructure of nearby construction camps showing the relative locations of all temporary communities. buildings and facilities that are to be constructed together with the location of site roads, fuel storage areas (for use in power supply generators), solid waste management and dumping locations, and drainage facilities, prior to the development of the construction camps. The local authorities responsible for health, religious and security matters shall be duly informed on the set up of camp facilities so as to maintain effective surveillance of public health, social impacts and security. Fuel supplies for Illegal sourcing of fuel Provide fuel to the construction camps for their domestic purpose, in cooking purposes wood by construction order to discourage them to use fuel wood or other biomass. workers will impact the Make available alternative fuels like natural gas or kerosene to the natural flora and fauna workforce to prevent them using biomass for cooking. Conduct awareness campaigns to educate workers in preserving the biodiversity of the project area, and relevant government regulations and punishments associated with improper wildlife protection. Health and Hygiene There will be a Provide adequate health care facilities within construction sites. potential for diseases to Provide first aid facility round the clock. Maintain stock of medicines in be transmitted, the facility and appoint a doctor on site. including malaria, Provide transport facility for the laborers during emergency to be exacerbated by transported to the nearest hospitals. inadequate health and Provide initial health screening of the laborers coming from outside safety practices. There areas will be an increased risk Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues of work crews and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work spreading sexually Provide HIV awareness programming, including STI (sexually transmitted transmitted infections infections) and HIV information, education and communication for all and HIV/AIDS. workers on a regular basis Provide adequate drainage facilities throughout the camps to ensure that disease vector habitats (stagnant water bodies, puddles) do not form. Place display boards at strategic locations within the camps containing messages on best hygienic practices Site Restoration Restoration of the Dismantle and remove from the site all facilities established within the construction camps to construction camp, including the perimeter fence and lockable gates at original condition the completion of the construction work. requiring demolition of If possible, dismantle camps in phases as the work decreases (do not construction camps and wait for completion of the entire work) disposal of material Give prior notice to the laborer before demolishing their camps/units Maintain the noise levels within the national standards during demolition activities Reuse the camp material to the maximum extent. Dispose remaining debris at the designated waste disposal site.
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Activity Environmental Impact Environmental Management Guideline To restore the site to its original condition or to an agreed condition with the landowner defined prior to the commencement of the works (in writing).
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Appendix C. Format of a Monthly Monitoring Report
Scope of Works
Provide summary regarding the engineering activities
Summary of Non-Compliances
This section summarises the findings of Environmental Management Plan (ESMP) compliance monitoring completed by the PSIA under this project.
Summary of Action Required
Table XXX: Summary of Non-Compliances S. Non- Pending Since Status of Previous Month Non- No Compliances Actions Required compliances 1 Include Include Action Require, as per Include Include so far progress made Particular Non- ESMP Number of from previous month Compliance Months Observed ------
Historical Review of Non-Compliances
So far the progress made and issues resolved by the contractor include graph of past three months. (Percentage Non-Compliance evaluated from monthly monitoring checklist)
Non-Compliances
Include specific social, Environmental Health and Safety Non-Compliances observed during the monitoring month
Provide Specific Non-Compliance (With Status)
Provide details Provide Photographs Action Required
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Provide list of action required
5 Staffing and Documentation
This chapter provides the details about the key staff required and documentation required by the contractor
List of Key Staff, as per ESMP. S. No List of Staff Remarks
1 Safety Supervisor 2 Paramedic staff 3 Health and Safety Officer 4 Environmental Officer 5 Human Resource Officer 6 Community Liaison Officer
List of Documents Required in ESMP S. No List of Documents Remarks Dated Approved 1 Traffic Management Plan 2 Waste Management and Disposal Plan 3 Pollution Prevention and Control Plan 4 Training Plan 5 Monitoring Plan 6 Layout Plan of Main Camp 7 Layout Plan of Sub-Camp 8 Organization Frame Work 9 Hazardous Waste Plan 10 Health and Safety Plan
Include Filled Monthly Monitoring Checklist for the month.
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Appendix D. Monthly Monitoring Checklist
Site/Location: ______
Month: ______
Dated: ______S. No Description Yes No Comments Health and Safety 1. Has a health & safety induction been provided to all staff starting this month?
2. Are any staff under the age of 18?
3. Are first aid stations/kits available at all Camp and construction sites?
4. Have there been any incident/accidents in this month? i. Was the accident recorded? ii. Have measures been taken/practice improved/Corrective actions reports are prepared to prevent the accident reoccurring?
5. Is staff wearing all necessary PPE?
6. Ade quate number of fire extinguishers available at all camp sites?
7. Appropriate barricade, fencing erected at working areas/construction site?
8. Accident/incident, near misses record register available site and properly reported with corrective actions?
9. Guard rails or equivalent protection erected (at height or excavations) to stop falls?
10. Is construction site is free from trip hazards?
11. Is construction site is free from trip hazards?
12. Scaffolds/work platforms properly erected?
13. Use of harness belt?
14. Signage’s displayed?
15. Emergency drills conducted?
16. Emergency telephone numbers displayed?
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17. All staff aware of the emergency procedures?
18. Broken plugs, sockets, switches observed?
19. Frayed or defective lead observed?
20. Is work being carried out near exposed live electrical equipment’s?
21. Storage material Labelled correctly?
32. Material data sheet available?
33. Danger of falling object? 34 Drums stacks stable? 35 Training Records available?
36 Warning notices in place to stop people using an incomplete scaffold or telephone 37 Individual employees from working in excavations are unsupervised? 38 Are workers protected from the moving parts of the machine by installing and maintaining proper guards?
39 At least one first aid kit is provided and kept stocked at all time at structural site? 40 Has all new staff signed the Code of Conduct?
Pollution Prevention and Control
1. Is cement dust spreading from the batching plant or storage areas during refilling? 2. Are plant and equipment being wash downed outside the designated wash down areas? 3. Are fire extinguishers available?
4. Are plant & vehicle refilling only in designated and bunded areas or are drip tray used? Contractor Camp Sites
1. Are gas cylinders at labor camps provided for cooking purpose?
2. Is stagnant water accumulating in the camp sites?
3. Is reliable electricity and lighting supplied in the labour camps?
4. Are washing facilities including showers are provided and regularly cleaned?
5. Is a sheltered kitchen area provided which is separated from living quarters?
6. Are vehicles parked in designated parking areas at camp site?
7. Water sample test being conducted of each water source from approved laboratory?
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8. The water samples tested are safe for drinking water purpose?
9. All water storage tanks are covered to avoid the risk of contamination? 10. Are there any chemicals (waste oil, petrol, solvent) near to the drinking water point?
11. Are the latrines more than 50 feet away from water drinking point?
12. Are fire extinguishers available at all camp site?
13. Are fire extinguishers periodically inspected and replaced prior to expiry
14. Are fire extinguisher easily accessible and their path clear
15. Is contractor staff using local wells or hand pumps?
16. Are septic provided for the disposal of sewage waste?
17. Is fencing provided and maintained around camp site?
18. Are security guards present at project sites?
19. Is ground water entering the landfill site?
20. Is recycle waste or medical waste disposed of in the camp site?
21. Is first aid box/kit facility available at camp sites?
22. Have littered waste been observed at camp site? 23. Are emergency access routes in all campsite are signed and maintained?
24. Floors to room are constructed of float finished concrete or other similar solid or washable material?
25 All Labor dormitories and kitchen areas are regularly cleaned and maintained in hygiene condition?
26 Are kitchen areas are built up/raised of smooth, easily cleanable, non-toxic and non-corrosive surface for food preparation?
27 Are agreement with operator of municipal facilities where are used for ultimate disposal of sanitary waste Storage Areas
1 Are storage areas built above flood levels and on leveled ground?
2 Are any materials stored outside designated storage areas?
3 Are all storage areas clearly labeled and each of the container are clearly marked?
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4 Are stockpiles of construction materials being eroded by wind?
5 Are construction materials entering watercourses, drains or being spread along transport routes?
6 Are storage areas built near to watercourses, drains and transport routes?
7 Are stock pile are regularly sprinkle which have potential to particulate matter in the locality?
8 Is the hazardous material storage area secured, and locked when not in use?
9 Are warning signs displayed at entrances to hazardous material stores and is necessary PPE depicted?
10 Is the floor of the hazardous material storage area impervious and is a bund provided around it?
11 Is necessary PPE used when handling hazardous materials?
12 Are any leaks or spills observed in storage areas?
13 Are spill kits provided at storage areas?
14 Are fire extinguishers provided at hazardous material storage areas?
15 Is fuel stored in a double skinned bowser or surrounded by a bund on an impervious floor?
16 Is storage area constructed on impervious floor and dike provided to avoid contamination of soil and ground?
Traffic Management Plan Fuel or oil leaks observed from any vehicle?
Are Contractor's vehicles exceeding speed limits on public highways?
Are barricades, flagmen & signs provided where haulage routes cross highways?
Is mud observed on route ways ?
Are ruts & scars resulting from the Contractor's operations observed? Are delivery vehicles queuing on public highways?
Are vehicles overloaded?
Is water sprinkling is being carried out at project area?
Are public highways blocked?
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Are any vehicles exceeding 40km/hr. on site?
Waste Management and Disposal Plan Is waste stored in areas defined in the waste management plan?
Is hazardous material safely and securely stored in a designated storage areas?
Was any waste observed littering the site?
Are containers segregated according to waste type?
Is solid waste being disposed of in the approved site by the engineer?
Are sanitary waste are safely disposed of through burial?
Has any hazardous waste been disposed of through burial?
Where any waste material is disposed of through burning, have all charred remains been removed
Is liquid waste entering water courses?
Is adequate number of waste bins provided at all camp and consruction site??
Is the waste disposal burial area fenced?
Is sufficient number of waste bins provided at camp and working sites?
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Appendix E. List of Participants (Public Consultation, Formation of FO
and WDGs
(Appendix E.1) Participants of Pubic Consultation
Table 1: List of participants in public consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Dehpal Channel Bilal khan s/o Muhammad aslam 14-03-18 Abdul nabi s/o rasool Bakhsh
Muhammad anwar s/o Muhammad umer Muhammad ayoub so/ allah dina Adil khan s/o Muhammad khan Muhammad Nadeem s/o nawab khan Attaullah s/o jumma khan Muhammad akbar s/o bhai khan Kamran khan s/o mir hazar khan Nabi dad s/o shehdad khan Ghus Bakhsh s/o pir Bakhsh Abdul jalil s/o pir Bakhsh Kareem Bakhsh s/o haji Muhammad ali Zafarullah s/o Ghulam hassan Muhammad akbar dehpal s/o haji hasil khan Abdul jabbar s/o malik abdul satar Nabi dad s/o shehdad khan Muhammad akbar s/o haji ghulam Abdul jabbar s/o malik abdul sattar Israr khan s/o bahi khan Nabidad s/o shehdad khan Arshad s/o haji Ghulam Pir khan s/o rustum khan Nehal khan s/o durrani Muhammad anwar s/o zabal khan Allah Bakhsh s/o abdul manan Muhammad akbar s/o nehad khan Muhammad ishaq s/o Muhammad anwar Niser ahmed s/o Muhammad khan Pir Bakhsh s/o rasool Bakhsh
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Kareem Bakhsh s/o malik abdul sattar Abdul waqar s/o malik abdul sattar Khuda Bakhsh s/o Muhammad Imran khan s/o allah dina Muhammad ehsan s/o naaz Muhammad Feroz Muhammad s/o mula Bakhsh Kareem Bakhsh s/o freoz Muhammad Malik dad s/o feroz Muhammad Shahd khan s/o misri khan Faqeer Muhammad s/o baran khan
Table 2: Public Consultation conducted at DEHPAL NALA Name of Participants Date & Location Kamran khan s/o mir hazar kahn Dehpal Channel Nabi dad s/o shehdad khan (Round 2) Ghus Bakhsh s/o pir Bakhsh Hazar khan s/o muhammad Bakhsh 17-03-18 Muhammad ismail s/o muhammad umer Muhammad akbar dehpal s/o haji hasil khan Saiful islam s/o syed israr Shakoor kakar s/o abdul ghaffar Kareem Bakhsh s/o haji muhammad ali Zafarullah s/o Ghulam Hussain Abdul jalil s/o pir Bakhsh Muhammad akbar s/o bai khan Muhammad Nadeem s/o nawab khan Adil khan s/o muhammad khan Attaullah s/o jumma khan Muhammad ayub s/o allah dina Muhammad anwar s/o muhammad umer Abdul nabi dehpal s/o haji rasool Salah muhammad s/o yar muhammad Bilal khan s/o muhammad aslam
Table 2: List of Participants in public consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Khajjak Channel Sardar khudidad khan 9-03-18 Malik chakar khan Malik hazar khan Malik kareem khan Malik ahmed Malik azad khan Malik ahmed khan
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Malik sherbaz khan Mujeebullah khan khajjak Mehboob khan Misri khan akozai Mehmood khan umerzai Shadi khan Babu Mubarak khan Mustafa Haji muhammad umer Allah dina Mir khan Chakar khan Sardar khudaid khajjak s/o ismail khas Abdul latif s/o mehmood khan Malik ahmed khan s/o haji Ghulam Mustafa Abdullah khan s/o azizullah Niaz muhammad s/o jumma khan Mehmood alam s/o ikhtiyar khan Muhammad azim s/o jan muhammad Ghulam sarwar s/o abdul hakim Ahmed khan s/o Mustafa Chakar khan s/o abdul sattar Abdul Khaliq s/o muhammad khan Faiz ahmed s/o shehbaz khan Mustafa khan s/o abdul aziz Malik sherbaz khan s/o malik ali khan Misri khan s/o shani khan Mehmood alam s/o Ibrahim Akhtar muhammad s/o abdul qayyom Abdul hameed s/o muhammad yaqoob
Table 3: List of Participants in public consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Kurak Channel Abdul hakim s/o faith muhammad 08-03-18 Haji ali khan s/o malik khair Bakhsh Nazeer ahmed s/o mitha khan Abdul hakim s/o rais suleman Muhammad hassan s/o shah murad Abdul razik s/o ahmed khan Muhammad Iqbal s/o muhammad Bakhsh Khudaid s/o nisre khan Babul jan s/o adam khan Mustafa khan s/o khan muhammad Amanullah s/o Ghulam muhammad Sanaullah s/o ghus Bakhsh Waheed Bakhsh s/o khair muhammad Ghafar khan s/o bacha khan
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Muhammad hassan s/o ghus Bakhsh Pukar khan s/o bacha khan Mir samandar khan s/o Ghulam Mustafa
Table 1: Public Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Hazoor khan s/o Allah dina Khudaidad s/o rozi khan 17-March-18 Muhammad khan s/o Muhammad umer
Muhammad ayub s/o Muhammad hassain Ghual sarwar s/o abdul hakim Shair muhammad s/o adam khan Abdul majeeb s/o Muhammad yaqoob Ghulam sarwar s/o iftikhar khan Khalil ahmed s/o Muhammad hiyat Ali muhammad s/o noor muhammad Ahmed khan s/o Mustafa Chakkar khan s/o abual sattar Noor khan luni s/o Allah dad Muhammad yaqoob s/o allah Bakhsh Fareedullah s/o abdul hakim Naseebullah s/o abdul hakeim Muhammad azeem s/o abdul rehman Muhammad arif s/o mirza khan Zafarullah s/o Muhammad ismail Khair muhammad s/o khudaid Ghulam Farooq s/o abdul rehman Amir Hamza s/o abdul rehman Shahkar khan s/o allah Bakhsh Muhammad kazim s/o Muhammad hiyat Muhammad ismail s/o Muhammad kamil Amir khan s/o amir Muhammad Altaf s/o Khaliq dad Zafarullah Sher khan s/o Allah Bakhsh
(Appendix E.2) Participants of FO Formation Meeting
Table 1: Formation of Farmers Organization Date & Location Name of Participants
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Dehpal Channel Nazar Muhammad s/o kareem khan 17-03-18 Muhammad azeem s/o jan Muhammad Gul Muhammad s/o essa khan Abdul khan s/o abdul Haleem Chakar khan s/o abdul sattar Ahmed khan s/o Mustafa Ali Muhammad s/o noor Muhammad Khaliq ahmed s/o Muhammad hiyat Ghulam serwar s/o abdul hakim Shair Muhammad s/o adam khan Muhammad khan s/o Muhammad umer Khudaidad s/o rozi khan Hazar khan s/o allah dina Muhammad khan s/o Muhammad yaqoob Allah dina s/o raza Muhammad Akhtar Muhammad s/o abdul karim Karim khan s/o nasir khan Muhammad Hussain s/o Muhammad ismail Rasheed khan s/o jummar khan Abdul jabbar s/o malik abdul sattar Israr khan s/o bai khan Nabi dad s/o shehdad khan Muhammad ashraf s/o haji Ghulam Mustafa Essa khan s/o rustum khan Nihal khan s/o durrani Muhammad anwar s/o zabeel khan Allah Bakhsh s/o abdul manan Muhammad akbar s/o nihal khan Muhammad ishaq s/o muhammad anwar Nisar ahmed s/o muhammad khan Pir Bakhsh s/o rasool Bakhsh Kareem baksh s/o malik abdul sattar Khuda buksh s/o muhammad Imran khan s/o allah dina Muhammad akram s/o naiz muhammad Farooz muhammad s/o Mullah buksh Kareem Bakhsh s/o ferooz muhammad Malik dad s/o Feeroz muhammad Shaid khan s/o mesri khan Faqir muhammad s/o baran khan
Table 2: Formation of Farmers Organization Date & Location Name of Participants
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Khajjak Channel Bahadur khan s/o muhammad saddiq 16-03-18 Jahan khan s/o inayatullah Nadir khar s/o muhammad anwar Behroz khan s/o misri khan Shadi khan khajjak s/o Rahim khan Abdullah khan s/o azizullah Niaz muhammad s/o jumma khan khajjak Ghulam sarwar s/o abdul hakim Khudaidad s/o rozi khan Sardar khudaida khan khajjak s/o sardar ismail khan Malik azad khan s/o mailk saeed khan Gul muhammad s/o salah mohammad Abdul latif s/o mehmood khan Rozi khan s/o muhammad qaisar Mir mirza khan s/o khuda Bakhsh.
Table 3: Formation of Farmers Organization Date & Location Name of Participants Kurak Channel Saeed khan s/o haji Mustafa khan 15-03-18 Shakoor s/o abdul yaqoob Habib babar s/o waheed babar Anjam khan s/o sarbuland khan Rahim khan Ashraf khan Ghulam rasool s/o malik khair Bakhsh Rasheed khan s/o abdul haq Nazeer ahmed mithu khan Haji ali khan s/o mailk khair Bakhsh Abdul hakim s/o rais sualeman Rais abdul hakeem s/o fathe khan Rabnawaz s/o abdul sattar Yaqoob khan s/o mailk dad Khair Bakhsh s/o mail hazoor Bakhsh Mithu khan s/o raheed khan Bakht jamal s/o gul Rahim
Table 4: Formation of Farmers Organization Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Mir asad khan s/o allah Bakhsh Channel 18-03-18 Habib Nawaz s/o faqeer muhammad Abdul jabbar s/o Ghulam muhammad Ghulam rasool s/o mailk faqir Bakhsh Shakoor kakar s/o abdul ghafoor Sarfraz khan s/o abdul wahab Abdullah s/o wahid Bakhsh Habib babar s/o waheed babar Sikandar Sar anjam khan
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Ashraf Samiullah Rashid nabi
Appendix (E.3) Participants of Women Consultation
Table 1: Women Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Safia Khatoon d/o Muhammad Asghar Channel (Muhallah Zahra Khatoon d/o Muhammad Asghar Farooq Mizri) Sahib Khatoon w/o Ghulam Mustafa
05-March-18 Naz Bibi w/o Sain dad Momal w/o Azmat Khan Zeenat w/o Muhammad Asghar Ruqia Khatoon d/o Muhammad Asghar Zarbani w/o Bahadur Khan Shah Bibi w/o Dannal Lal Bibi w/o Syed Sultan Shah Shehzadi bibi w/o Syed Mohsin Khan Sher Bano w/o Arz Muhammad Umme Kalsoom d/o Muhammad Asghar Jan Bibi w/o Muhmmad Khan Raaj Bibi w/o Qadir Bux Shad bibi w/o Shakar Khan Dur Bibi w/o Khan Muhmmad
Table 2: Women Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Kurak Channel (Killi Gul zadi w/o abdul ghaffar Malik Noor Aysha bibi w/o hameed khan Muhammad) Fareeda w/o noor Muhammad Lalozai) 2-3-2018 Gul bibi w/o wali Muhammad Hora bibi w/o arbab Bakhtawr khatoon w/o Allahdad Peero khatoon w/o misri khan Taj bibi w/o muhammad rafiq Zubaida w/o fatha khan Ajab bibi w/o abdul hakeem Sheena bibi w/o arshad khan Zar bano w/o lal Muhammad Ulfat w/o misri khan Iqra d/o misri khan
Table 2: Women Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Gul Bibi w/o Faiz Muhammad Safia Khatoon d/o Muhammad Asghar
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Marghazani Zahira Khtoon d/o Muhammad Asghar Channel (Muhallah Sahib Khatoon w/o Ghulam Mustafa Karam Khan Mizri) Naz bibi w/o Sain Dad
Mumal w/o Azmat Khan 05-03-2018 Zaniab w/o Muhammad Asghar Ruqia Khatoon d/o Muhammad Asghar Zar bano w/o bahadur Khan Shah Bibi w/o Dannal Lala Bibi w/o Syed SUlatan Shah Shehzadi Bibi w/o Syed Mohsin Khan Shehr Bano w/o Arz Muhammad Umme Kalsoom d/o Mohammad Asghar Khan Bibi w/o Muhammad Khan Shad bibi w/o Shakar Khan Raaj bibi w/o Qadir Bux Dur bibi w/o Khan Muhammad Raheema Khatoon d/o Raza Muhammad Yasmeen Bibi d/o Din Muhammad Jamal Khatoon d/o Muhammad Ishaq Hajra Bibi d/o Muhammad Asghar Gul Bibi d/o Jan Muhammad Naaz Bukhat d/o Din Muhammad Rabia d/o Din Muhammad Sania d/o Din Muhammad Fatha khtoon w/o barkhudar Khan Bibi w/o Ghulam Muhammad Salma D/o Mir Muhammad Shakran d/o Mir Muhammad Noor d/o Mir Muhammad Rozeena d/o Barkhudar Sobia Mazari d/o Khaliqdad Taj Bibi d/o saindad Faiz bibi w/o Jan Muhammad
Table 3: Women Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Razia d/o Muhammad hassan Channel (Muhallah Azra d/o shah Muhammad Sherozai Rabia d/o nazir Marghazani) 10-03-2018 Rehmat khatoon w/o khuda bux Menhas bibi w/o Muhammad ramzan Fareeda bibi w/o abdul nabi Sobia ahmed Nawaz d/o fareer ahmed Sherish d/o faqeer ahmed Nawaz Nadia ahmed d/o faqeer ahmed Nawaz Faiz bibi /wo gulzar ahmed
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Dur kahtoon w/o Muhammad bux Zanib w/o Ghulam ali Naseema bibi w/o khair Muhammad Safia bibi w/o Muhammad qasim Ghulam Fatima w/o Allahdad Meeran w/o muhmmad amein Shahbzadi w/o shamsudin Mulim bibi w/o imam bux Laila bibi w/o Allahrakha Shabana mehmood w/o Allah yar Khan Khan bibi w/o abdul Latif Zaibunisa d/o faqeer dad muhmmad
Table 4: Women Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Kurak Channel (Killi Gulzadi w/o abdul ghafar Malik Noor Aysha bibi w/o hameed khan M.Lalozai)-1 Horan bibi w/o arbab
02-03-2018 Bakhtawar khatoon w/o Allah dad Serwar khatoon w/o misri khan Najma bibi w/o Muhammad aqil Sahib bibi w/o syed shensha Dur jan w/o Ghulam Muhammad Zanib khatoon w/o kamal khan Fehmida w/o wazir khan Shakran w/o Ghulam rasool Rehmat bibi w/o jamal khan Rabia w/o saeed khan Mehrunisa w/o Muhammad sharif Hooran w/o Ghulam rasool Sherifan bibi w/o wali Muhammad Hanifa bibi d/o wali Muhammad Latifan bibi d/o wali Muhammad Fareed w/o noor Muhammad Gul bibi w/o wali Muhammad Taj bibi w/o Muhammad rafiq Zubaida w/o faith khan Shina bibi w/o Rasheed khan Khanzadi w/o musa khan Hajira d/o shaker khan Imam khatoon w/o ahmed khan Perveen w/o Ellahi Bux Ajab Khatooon w/o abdul Hakeem Almas d/o Jamal Khan Parveen d/o Abdullah Khan Iqra d/o misri khan
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Ulfat d/o misri khan Peeroz w/o naqeebullah Zareena w/o jaffar khan Nazeeran w/o hanif Zar khatoon w/o Muhammad qasim Izzat bibi d/o bilal khan Kalsoom noor w/o noor Muhammad Zulaikha w/o karam khan Zahida bibi w/o gul mohammad Zubaida bibi w/o aziz khan Moti w/o shadi khan Salma bibi w/o hasil khan Shaha bibi w/o dilmurad Rani w/o machi khan Laj bibi w/o shadi khan Imam khatoon w/o qabil khan
Table 5: Women Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Khajjak Channel Fiaz bibi w/o abdul Raheem (Muhallah Sadaat) Khadija bibi w/o Muhammad jan
Raaj bibi w/o syed sabir shah 13-03-2018 Sabira d/o saeed Shaker bibi d/o Abdullah shah Sajida bibi w/o Muhammad Ibrahim Zara bibi d/o Muhammad Ibrahim Raj bibi w/o syed kandal shah Izzat bibi w/o Abdullah shah Ghulam Fatima w/o Muhammad hassan Shehnaz bibi w/o yaqoob shah Bibi koobakh w/o syed jumman shah Bibi razia d/o syed attaullah shah Shaker bibi w/o syed zahir shah Iqra bibi d/o Muhammad anwar Fatima bibi w/o Muhammad anwar Maha w/o syed zulfiqar Khalida d/o syed zahir shah Amna anwar d/o Muhammad anwar Roshan bibi w/o syed Ghulam shah Ruqia bibi d/o syed mehmood shah Shah bibi d/o zahir shah Abda w/o abdul Rasheed Dur bibi w/o lal Muhammad Haleelam bibi d/o shafi Muhammad Roz bibi w/o habib shah Hoor bibi w/o wali Muhammad
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Lal khatoon w/o shafi Muhammad Haleema bibi w/o pir Muhammad Momal bibi w/o muhammad umer Khadeeja bibi w/o muhammad yaqoob Mir bibi w/o sheikh noor Muhammad Zahida d/o haji Ghulam rasool Sagoi shah d/o sardar shah Sakeena khatoon d/o jumma khan Noor jahan w/o muhammad yaqoob khan Noran w/o malik khan Hoor bibi w/o muhammad khan
Table 6: Women Consultation Date & Location Name of Participants Khajjak Channel Janat khatoon w/o haji Ghulam rasool (Muhallah Umarzai) Isma bibi d/o haji Ghulam rasool 3-03-2018 Tahira bibi e/o muhammad Ibrahim Mariyam w/o muhammad azim Mariyam bibi w/o abdul hakeek Naz bibi w/o ali Muhammad Rabia w/o muhammad Rahim Gul bibi w/o noor Muhammad Naik bakht w/o din muhmmad
Table 7: Women Consultation Dated and Location Name of Participants Dehpal Channel Bibi Zakriya W/o Abduln Fahad 9-March-18 Fatima W/o Hazar Khan Rabia bibi W/o M.Tariq Jam Bakhth Khatoon W/o M.Nawaz Shah Bibi M.Qasim Fariha Bibi D/o Allah Bux Farida Bibi W/o Abdul Majeed Safia d/o Wahid Bux Zakhriya Khatoon w/o Abdul Kareem Najma w/o Sher Muhammad
(Appendix E.4)-Women Development Groups
Table 1: Participants of Formation of WDGs Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Village Shadil w/o Mian Khan (Muhallah Jan Bibi w/o Khaliqdad Yousafzai) Sherbano w/o Kamal Khan 05-03-2018 Nazan Bibi w/o Raza Muhammad Razia Bibi w/o Jamal Khan
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Sahib Khatoon w/o sikandar shah Shehnaz d/o Jamal Khan Laila Bibi w/o Wazir Khan Zar bani w/o Muhammad Ismail Hurmat Khatoon w/o Gul Muhammad Sonia w/o Bashir Ahmed Taj Bibi w/o Bahadur Khan Humma bibi w/o Kareem Khan Zulaikha d/o Malik Muhammad Ali Bashiran Bibi w/o Raheem Khan Tania d/o Raheem Khan Ishrat Bibi W/o Khuda Bux Niha Kareem w/o Abdul Kareem Sharf Khatoon w/o Qadir Buyx Garan Naz w/o haji Khan Shabana w/o Muhammad Saleem Fareeda Bibi d/o Mehrab Khan Guhar Khatoon w/o Mehrab Khan Sahib Khatoon w/o Lashkar Khan Latifan w/o Musa Khan
Table 2: Formation of WDGs Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Village Noor bibi w/o Muhammad hassan (Muhallah Sherozia Naz bakhat d/o aaqeb khan Marghazani) Zar bibi w/o Ghulam qadir 16-03-2018 Bibi kareema w/o muhmmad hashim Zeenat bibi d/o bashir ahmed Bibi zulakhia w/o Muhammad hanif Kathwan bibi d/o abdul hameed Rukhsana bibi w/o shah Muhammad Shakran w/o muhmmad bux Noor bano d/o Muhammad bux Zahida w/o qaisar khan Sajida bibi d/o shafi Muhammad Naz bibi w/o abdul ghafar Kaz bani w/o latif Sahib khatoon w/o sher khan Khair bibi w/o bashir ahmed Mulukan w/o jumma khan Hoor bibi w/o rehmat khan Zar khatoon w/o Ghulam heaider Hajra khatoon w/o haji khan Haleema bibi w/o hazoor bux Saima bibi w/o Imran khan Dur khatoon w/o Allah dad Waderi bibi w/o gaman khan
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Ghulam bibi w/o kamal khan Khan bibi w/o yar Muhammad Naz bibi w/o suleman khan Dur khatoon w/o nazir ahmed Haleema bibi w/o hazoor bux Haseena w/o Ghulam heaider Mah Hussain w/o Muhammad ismail Haleem gul w/o azmat Jamzadi w/o Ghulam muhiudin Noor khatoon /wo Ghulam Muhammad Rubina w/o imam din Mulukan w/o mir Muhammad Asia w/o munir ahmed Sumera d/o shahmuhammad
Table 3: Formation of WDGs Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Village Noor bibi /wo Abdullah (Jum Khushdil Hoor bibi w/o ghus bux Khan) Zubaida w/o muhammad ismail 3-3-2018 Khadija w/o alam Jan bibi d/o muhmmad umer Fatih khatoom d/o abdullah Taj bibi w/o muhammad umer Amna bibi w/o khair muhammad Samina w/o muhammad umer Amirzaidi w/o azad khan Hoor bibi w/o nasrullah Hoor bibi d/o muhammad ismail Humaira bibi d/o muhammad umer Sabira d/o muhammad umer Shahada w/o ghus bux Shrifan w/o bakhtiyar khan Sonia bibi d/o ghus bux Haleema bibi w/o misri khan Durjan wo Muhammad hassan Sakeena bibi w/o misri khan Yasmeen bibi d/o misri khan Anwar zadi d/o qaisar khan Zareena bibi d/o nasrullah khan
Table 4: Formation of WDGs Date & Location Name of Participants Khajjak Channel ( Rubina Bibi w/o manzoor Ali khan Muhallah Umarzai) Zubida bibi w/o Abdul Kareem
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23-03-2018 Habiba D/o manzoor Ali Khan Masbha Bibi d/o Manzoor Ali Khan Lal Bibi w/o Mohammad Saleem Zahda Bibi d/o Abdul Hameed Jannat Bibi w/o Abdul Hameed SUlatana Bibi w/o Abdul Hameed Nazeer bibi w/o Asad Khan Khair Bibi w/o Muhammad Anwar Rukhsana Kusar w/o Abdullah Rabia Bibi w/o Muhammad Akhtar Oaz bibi d/o Allah Bux Zeenat bibi w/o Abual Qayyum
Table 5: Formation of WDGs Date & Location Name of Participants Marghazani Noor bibi w/o muhammad hassan Channel (Muhallah Naz bakhat d/o aqib khan Sherozai Zar bibi Marghazani) 16-03-2018 Bibi kareema w/o muhammad hashim Zaneent bibi d/o bashir ahmed Bibi zulaikha w/o muhammad hanif Khatooran bibi d/o abdul hameed Rukhsan w/o shah Muhammad Shakra w/o muhammad bux Noor bano w/o muhammad bux Zahida w/o qaisar khan Sajida bibi d/o shafi Muhammad Naz bibi w/o abdul ghaffar Gaz bano w/o latif Sahib khatoon w/o sher khan
Appendix E.5 Meeting with District Administration Sibi
Table 1: List of Members present in the consultative Meeting S.No Name Department Designation 1 Sara Khan BIWRMD Project Gender and Development Specialist 2 Habib Khan OFWM WMO 3 Ghulam Rasool Agriculture Department Agriculture Officer 4 Mir Ali Dad RFO ---- 5 Muhammad Nazim Irrigation Department SDO 6 Junaid Ghickhi Irrigation Department Sub-Engineer 7 Javed Murtaza Irrigation Department Sub-Engineer 8 Rashid Hassan Agriculture Department Sub-Engineer 9 Shahid Abbas Agriculture Department Sub-Engineer 10 Kaleemullah Agriculture Department Sub-Engineer
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11 Arif Khan BIWRMD Project Social Safeguard Specialist 12 Khurram BIWRMD Project ----- 13 Khawar Shazad BIWRMD Project Communication Specialist
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