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Studi Pemanfaatan Fasilitas Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Pagurawan Di Desa Nenassiam Kecamatan Medang Deras Kabupaten Batubara Provinsi Sumatera Utara

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Studi Pemanfaatan Fasilitas Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Pagurawan Di Desa Nenassiam Kecamatan Medang Deras Kabupaten Batubara Provinsi Sumatera Utara STUDI PEMANFAATAN FASILITAS PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN PAGURAWAN DI DESA NENASSIAM KECAMATAN MEDANG DERAS KABUPATEN BATUBARA PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA. Oleh Puspa Dewi Primsa1), Jonny Zain2) and Ronal M2) 1)Student of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Riau University 2)Lecturer of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, Riau University Abstract A series survey activity was conducted for obtaining information on condition and existence of Pagurawan fishing port facilities at Nenassiam village, Medan Deras district, Batubara regency, North Sumatera province, as well as to investigate type and capacity of the facilities. All of the information is useful for evaluating the utilization level of the facilities. The result show that the utilization of jetty was 817.32%, 86.17% for maneuverability area, 22.86% for depth of maneuverability area, and 51% for fish market hall. According to SWOT analysis, the Pagurawan fishing port stands on first quadrant, and it’s potentially to be developed in future. Keywords: Facilities, fish market hall, maneuverability area, Pangurawan fishing port. PENDAHULUAN (2006), urgensi pembangunan Seiring dengan pembangunan pelabuhan perikanan adalah perlu sub sektor perikanan tangkap, perbaikan dan optimasi mengingat pembangunan pelabuhan perikanan Indonesia yang dianugerahi fishing juga terus dilakukan. Hal ini ground yang kaya, belum dilengkapi diperkuat dengan pernyataan Ismail dengan fasilitas pelabuhan yang (2006) bahwa sejumlah pelabuhan memadai. Peningkatan pemanfaatan perikanan yang ada memang belum pelabuhan perikanan sangat terkait memadai. Padahal menurut Pasaribu dengan keberadaan fasilitas. Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Deras Kabupaten Batubara Provinsi (PPI) Pagurawan adalah salah satu Sumatera Utara. Adapun yang pangkalan pendaratan ikan yang ada menjadi objek penelitian adalah PPI di Kecamatan Medang Deras. Pagurawan, sedangkan alat yang Fasilitas yang tersedia di PPI digunakan adalah kamera, alat tulis Pagurawan baik itu fasilitas pokok, dan daftar quisioner. Metode yang fungsional maupun fasilitas digunakan adalah metode survei penunjang masih kurang memadai dengan memperoleh data primer dan sehingga sebagian besar nelayan sekunder secara langsung di lokasi masih mendaratkan hasil penelitian. tangkapannya di tempat pendaratan Analisis Data ikan lain. a. Analisis Komparatif Tujuan Penelitian Analisis komparatif Mendapatkan informasi digunakan untuk membandingkan terhadap keberadaan dan kondisi jenis fasilitas yang ada di PPI fasilitas, mengetahui jenis fasilitas Pagurawan dengan fasilitas dan kapasitas fasilitas dan pelabuhan perikanan tipe D yaitu menentukan tingkat pemanfaatan Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) fasilitas-fasilitas yang terdapat di PPI menurut Peraturan Menteri No 16 Pagurawan. Tahun 2006. METODE PENELITIAN b. Analisis Teknis Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Analisis teknis digunakan pada bulan April 2013 di PPI untuk menghitung kebutuhan ukuran Pagurawan Kecamatan Medang fasilitas di PPI Pagurawan berdasarkan aktifitas di pelabuhan S = Faktor ketidakteraturan Dc = Periode ulang pelayaran (hari) tersebut. Analisis yang digunakan T = waktu yang ada untuk pelayanan (jam) adalah formula Pianc dalam Dirjen Perikanan (1999) dan formula Sedangkan panjang dermaga Direktorat Jendral Perikanan (1981). muat dihitung dengan menggunakan Formula Pianc (1999) digunakan formula Pianc (1999) yaitu: (...) untuk menganalisis dermaga, L = (..) sedangkan Formula Direktorat di mana: Jendral Perikanan digunakan untuk L =Panjang dermaga yang diperlukan (m) analisis kolam pelabuhan. Analisis n =Jumlah armada yang beroperasi (unit) tersebut dilakukan berdasarkan TS =Waktu pelayanan yang kondisi yang ada. Formula yang diperlukan (jam) S = Faktor ketidakteraturan digunakan adalah sebagai berikut: Dc = Periode ulang pelayaran U = Kecepatan bongkar (ton/jam) 1. Panjang Dermaga T = Waktu yang ada untuk Panjang dermaga bongkar pelayanan (jam) dihitung dengan menggunakan 2. Kolam Pelabuhan formula Pianc dalam Dirjen Luas kolam pelabuhan dihitung Perikanan (1999) yaitu: dengan menggunakan formula (...) L = Direktorat Jendral Perikanan (1981) (..) yaitu: Lu = 1,1 x LOA L = Lt + (3.n.l.b) di mana: di mana: L =Panjang dermaga yang L = Luas kolam pelabuhan (m2) diperlukan (m) Lt =Luas kolam untuk memutar n =Jumlah armada yang beroperasi kapal / turning basin (m2) (unit) Lt = 3,14 (2.LOA max)2 Q = Hasil tangkapan yang didaratkan (ton) n = Jumlah kapal maksimum yang Tingkat Pemanfaatan = x 100% berlabuh setiap hari (unit) l = Panjang kapal (m) b = Lebar kapal (m) (Zain, et.al, 2011) Rumus untuk menghitung di mana: kedalaman kolam pelabuhan Up= Ukuran yang dibutuhkan adalah: Ut = ukuran yang tersedia D = d + 60 cm Dimana : HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN D = Kedalaman perairan yang dibutuhkan (m) PPI Pagurawan merupakan d = Sarat kapal terbesar dengan muatan penuh (m) pelabuhan perikanan tipe D, yang 3. Gedung Pelelangan Ikan terletak di Desa Nenassiam dengan Luas gedung pelelangan ikan jumlah penduduk 46.119 jiwa. Desa dihitung berdasarkan kebutuhan Nenassiam secara geografis sebelah nelayan yang dapat dilihat pada utara berhadapan langsung dengan lampiran 4. Selat Malaka, sebelah selatan c. Tingkat Pemanfaatan berbatasan dengan Desa Sei Buah Untuk menentukan tingkat Keras, sebelah Timur berbatasan pemanfaatan fasilitas digunakan dengan Desa Durian dan sebelah Persamaan 6 yaitu: barat berbatasan dengan Desa Pangkalan Dodek. Adapun struktur organisasi yang ada di PPI Pagurawan adalah sebagai berikut: Kepala PPI Pembuat Laporan Pengawas Lapangan Sukarelawan Gambar 1. Struktur Organisasi Manajemen PPI Pagurawan Jenis fasilitas yang tersedia di PPI Pagurawan masih sangat terbatas. Mengenai luas dan kondisi fasilitas dapat dilihat pada tabel berikut. Tabel Jenis Fasilitas dan Ukurannya yang terdapat di PPI Pagurawan No Jenis Fasilitas Ukuran Kondisi 1 Fasilitas Pokok Dermaga 40 m Baik Kolam Pelabuhan 700 m2 Baik Jalan Komplek 100 m Kurang Baik 2 Fasilitas Fungsional Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) 180 m2 Baik Penyimpanan Es 10 m2 Cukup Baik 3 Fasilitas Penunjang MCK 8 m2 Sedang diperbaiki Sumber : DKP Batubara, 2012 Fasilitas dermaga merupakan menampung seluruh armada yang fasilitas pokok yang terdapat disetiap melakukan aktifitasnya setiap hari. pelabuhan perikanan termasuk PPI Fasilitas kolam pelabuhan Pagurawan. Dari analisis yang juga sangat penting diperhatikan dilakukan diperoleh tingkat dalam pengelolaan pelabuhan pemanfaatan fasilitas dermaga adalah perikanan. Dari analisis yang 817,32% ini berarti dermaga sudah dilakukan, diperoleh tingkat melebihi dari sangat dimanfaatkan. pemanfaatan luas kolam pelabuhan Oleh karena itu perlu dicarikan solusi adalah 86,17%, sedangkan tingkat berupa peningkatan jam pelayanan pemanfaatan kedalaman kolam terhadap aktifitas nelayan guna pelabuhan 22,86% yang berarti memperlancar aktifitas di PPI masih bisa dimanfaatkan lebih Pagurawan sehingga dapat optimal lagi oleh nelayan karena kedalaman kolam yang dibutuhkan Berdasarkan perhitungan sudah melebihi dari kedalaman yang dilakukan terhadap beberapa kolam yang tersedia. Tingkat fasilitas PPI Pagurawan dapat pemanfaatan fasilitas gedung disajikan ukuran yang tersedia dan pelelangan PPI Pagurawan adalah 51 ukuran yang dibutuhkan. Untuk lebih %. jelasnya dapat dilihat pada tabel berikut. Tabel Hasil perhitungan beberapa fasilitas di PPI Pagurawan Ukuran Tingkat No Fasilitas Tersedia Dibutuhkan Pemanfaatan 1 Dermaga 40 m 326,93 m 817,32% 2 a.Kolam Pelabuhan 3000 m2 2585,19m2 86,17% b. Kedalaman Kolam 7 m 1,6 m 22,86% 3 TPI (Tempat Pelelangan Ikan) 240 m2 122,4 m2 51% Sumber :Data Primer Penelitian Strategi Pengembangan PPI dan ancaman), maka terlebih dahulu Pagurawan dilakukan analisis faktor-faktor a. Faktor Internal strategis internal (kekuatan dan Sebelum menganalisa faktor- kelemahan). faktor strategis eksternal (peluang Analisis Faktor Internal Pengembangan PPI Pagurawan Faktor Strategi Internal Bobot Rating Skor Kekuatan (S) Tingkat pemanfaatan dermaga di atas rata-rata 0,20 4 0,80 Hasil tangkapan yang didaratkan banyak 0,10 2 0,20 Jumlah armada di PPI Pagurawan banyak 0,15 3 0,45 Jumlah nelayan banyak 0,08 2 0,16 1,61 Kelemahan (W) Tidak adanya pabrik es 0,10 3 0,30 Tidak adanya SPBN 0,15 4 0,45 Tidak tersedianya pasar ikan hygiens 0,05 1 0,05 PPI Pagurawan di kelola toke setempat 0,17 3 0,51 -1,31 Total 1,00 0,30 b. Faktor Eksternal menganalisis lingkungan eksternal terlebih dahulu untuk mengetahui Sebelum menetapkan strategi, kemungkinan peluang dan ancaman perencanaan strategis harus yang akan dihadapi. Analisis Faktor Eksternal Pengembangan PPI Pagurawan Faktor Strategi Eksternal Bobot Rating Skor Peluang (O) Letak pelabuhan strategis 0,35 4 1,40 Pemasaran hasil tangkapan yang 0,25 3 0,75 menjanjikan 2,15 Ancaman (T) Terdapatnya tempat pendaratan ikan lain 0,25 2 0,50 Illegal fishing oleh nelayan asing 0,15 3 0,45 -0,95 Total 1,00 1,20 Untuk melihat posisi faktor sehingga terletak pada koordinat internal dan eksternal pada kuadran, (0,30 ; 1,20) yang dapat dilihat pada maka untuk faktor internal (sumbu dibawah ini. X) dan faktor eksternal (sumbu Y), Berdasarkan rating dari faktor Menurut Rangkuti (2006), strategi internal dan faktor eksternal, PPI yang harus diambil adalah Pagurawan terletak pada kuadran I, mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang artinya PPI Pagurawan yang agresif. Untuk lebih jelasnya, memiliki peluang dan kekuatan. Ini strategi pengembangan fasilitas PPI merupakan situasi yang sangat Pagurawan dapat dilihat pada table menguntungkan sehingga dapat berikut. memanfaatkan peluang yang ada. Matriks SWOT Strategi Pengembangan
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