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Klasifikasi Dan Uji Konsolidasi Tanah Gambut Desa Nagasaribu Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

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Klasifikasi Dan Uji Konsolidasi Tanah Gambut Desa Nagasaribu Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan KLASIFIKASI DAN UJI KONSOLIDASI TANAH GAMBUT DESA NAGASARIBU KECAMATAN LINTONG NIHUTA KABUPATEN HUMBANG HASUNDUTAN TUGAS AKHIR Diajukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan mencapai gelar Sarjana S1 pada Departemen Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara VERY NANDO ADVENTRI NABABAN 16 0404 144 DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA KLASIFIKASI DAN UJI KONSOLIDASI TANAH GAMBUT DESA NAGASARIBU KECAMATAN LINTONG NIHUTA KABUPATEN HUMBANG HASUNDUTAN TUGAS AKHIR Diajukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan mencapai gelar Sarjana S1 pada Departemen Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara VERY NANDO ADVENTRI NABABAN 16 0404 144 DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK SIPIL FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Tanah gambut adalah material organik dari sisa-sisa tumbuhan atau vegetasi yang mati tertimbun sebagian melapuk (dekomposisi) dan sebagian lagi belum melapuk, membentuk lapisan yang semakin tebal secara berangsur-angsur. Sifat dari tanah gambut yaitu memiliki kadar air yang tinggi, kemampuan daya dukung rendah, angka pori besar dan pemampatan yang tinggi. Pemampatan pada tanah gambut disebabkan oleh adanya deformasi pada partikel-partikel tanah, keluarnya air atau udara melalui pori, sehingga penurunan yang terjadi sangat besar. Oleh karena sifat-sifat tersebut, tanah gambut kurang menguntungkan bagi konstruksi bangunan sipil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisik (index properties) tanah gambut, menentukan klasifikasi tanah gambut dan menentukan koefisien konsolidasi (퐶푣) dan nilai indeks pemampatan (퐶푐) tanah gambut Desa Nagasaribu Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pengujian konsolidasi dengan pemberian beban secara langsung, sebesar 9,810 Newton dan 19,613 Newton serta pemberian beban secara bertahap sebesar 9,810; 19,613; 39,226; 78,453; dan 156,96 Newton. Tanah gambut Desa Nagasaribu Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan memiliki kadar air yang tinggi (푤) yaitu; 628,139%, berat 3 spesifik (퐺푠) 1,301, berat volume basah (훾푏) 10,125 KN/m , berat volume kering 3 (훾푑) 1,390 KN/m dan angka pori (푒) 8,157. Berdasarkan ASTM D4427-84 (1989), sampel tanah gambut berkadar abu sedang (low ash peat) karena memiliki kadar abu 0,780 % dan kadar organik sebesar 26,500%. Dan menurut kadar keasamannya dengan pH yaitu 4,000, sampel digolongkan tanah gambut kadar asam sedikit (slightly acidic). Adapun indeks pemampatan (퐶푐) terhadap penurunan akibat pembebanan dan waktu pada tanah gambut yaitu: sampel 1 sebesar 3,044 dan sampel 2 sebesar 3,574 dan koefisien konsolidasi (퐶푣) yaitu sampel 1 sebesar 2,155cm2/detik dan sampel 2 sebesar 1,818 cm2/detik. Kata kunci: tanah, tanah gambut, klasifikasi tanah, konsolidasi, indeks pemampatan, koefisien konsolidasi. i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur penulis ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus atas kasih-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini yang berjudul “Klasifikasi dan Uji Konsolidasi Tanah Gambut Desa Nagasaribu, Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta, Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan” ini yang dimaksudkan untuk melengkapi persyaratan dalam menempuh ujian Sarjana Teknik Sipil pada Fakultas Teknik Departemen Teknik Sipil Universitas Sumatera Utara. Dengan rendah hati penulis mohon maaf jika dalam penulisan tugas akhir ini masih terdapat kekurangan dalam penulisan maupun perhitungan. Penulis juga sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik dari para pembaca dalam penyempurnaan tugas akhir ini. Skripsi ini penulis dedikasikan kepada kedua orang tua (Alm. Jonggi Nababan dan Almh. Almarisa Dabutar) yang telah memberikan kasih sayang, cinta, doa, perhatian, dukungan moral dan materil yang telah diberikan selama ini. Penulis menyadari bahwa dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini tidak terlepas dari dukungan, bantuan serta bimbingan dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada beberapa pihak yang berperan penting yaitu: 1. Abang dan Kakak saya Hasoloan Nababan S.Si, Jwita Nababan dan Kontria Nababan yang selalu memberikan doa, kasih sayang, motivasi serta materi kepada saya sehingga saya bisa menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini. 2. Bapak Prof. Dr. Ir. St. Roesyanto, MSCE , selaku Dosen Pembimbing yang telah sabar memberi bimbingan, arahan, dan saran kepada saya untuk menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini. 3. Bapak Prof. Dr. Ing. Johannes Tarigan, selaku Wakil Dekan 1 Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara. 4. Bapak Ir. Medis Sejahtera Surbakti, MT.,Ph.D, selaku ketua Departemen Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara. 5. Bapak Dr. M. Ridwan Anas, ST.,MT, selaku Sekretaris Departemen Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara. ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 6. Bapak Ir. Rudi Iskandar, MT, dan Ibu Ika Puji Hastuty ST.,MT, selaku Dosen Pembanding dan Penguji Departemen Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara. 7. Bapak/Ibu Dosen Staf Pengajar Departemen Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah memberikan ilmunya kepada Saya selama menempuh masa studi di Departemen Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara. 8. Kepada pegawai administrasi dan pegawai-pegawai Departemen Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara. 9. Yang terkasih Laura Putri Brigita Siregar S.Pd yang selalu memberikan motivasi dan dukungan moril kepada saya. 10. Florent Gurning, Trivonia Tarigan, Yongkrisman Zebua, dan Alfonsus Hasugian, selaku partner saya dalam menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini. 11. Maria Christin, Berly Despiero, Maruli Parhusip, dan Harvay Haloho, selaku teman yang telah membantu saya dalam melaksanakan Tugas Akhir ini. 12. Semua teman-teman angkatan 2016 yang tidak bisa saya sebutkan satu persatu. 13. CV Lima Saudara, Yogi Rambe, Jansen Sjaklif, Oktarino yang telah membantu saya selama pengerjaan skripsi ini. 14. Seluruh pihak yang membantu dan mendukung saya dalam menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini. Penulis menyadari bahwa Tugas Akhir ini masih jauh dari sempurna. Oleh karena itu, penulis sangat mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun dari Bapak dan Ibu Staf Pengajar serta rekan-rekan mahasiswa dalam penyempurnaan Tugas Akhir ini. Akhir kata penulis mengucapkan terima kasih. Penulis berharap semoga laporan Tugas Akhir ini bermanfaat bagi para pembaca. Medan, Juni 2020 Penulis, VERY NABABAN 16 0404 144 iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. i KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... ii DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... iv DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................ vii DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... viii DAFTAR NOTASI ................................................................................................. x DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ xi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................................... 4 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 4 1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 5 1.5 Batasan Masalah ....................................................................................... 5 1.6 Mekanisme Pengujian ............................................................................... 5 1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................... 6 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................ 7 2.1 Tanah ........................................................................................................ 7 2.1.1 Tanah gambut ................................................................................... 8 2.1.2 Pembentukan tanah gambut ............................................................. 9 2.1.3 Karakteristik tanah gambut ............................................................ 10 2.1.4 Klasifikasi tanah gambut ................................................................ 11 2.1.5 Sifat-sifat fisik tanah gambut ......................................................... 13 2.1.5.1 Kadar air ............................................................................ 13 2.1.5.2 Berat spesifik ..................................................................... 14 2.1.5.3 Berat volume ..................................................................... 14 2.1.5.4 Angka pori ......................................................................... 14 iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.1.5.5 kadar abu dan bahan organik ............................................. 15 2.1.5.6 Tingkat keasaman .............................................................
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