S9106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 13, 2004 to share information with State and seven or more distinctly different jobs mate judgment on tactical measures local law enforcement and to access or places of employment throughout must be made by someone with the req- their capability. This is not happening. his or her worklife—intelligence agen- uisite strategic vision and authority. The third failure is the failure to es- cies continue to seek to employ people For that reason, and because of the tablish within the intelligence commu- who are prepared to make a lifetime significant confusion that the FISA nity priorities and then deploy behind commitment. process—the process by which a war- them. Rather than set up intelligence Our Joint Inquiry recommended a se- rant was obtained to either place a systems to validate convenient polit- ries of reforms to bring the human tal- wiretap or review the effects of a for- ical notions, we need a system that ent in the community, which is in line eign person—caused for the FBI in pursues mutually agreed upon intel- with the current challenges, to the in- seeking to investigate suspects prior to ligence priorities. To that end, the telligence community. Those included 9/11, it is important we reform the way President must assure that clear, con- a focus on bringing midcareer profes- the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance sistent, and current policies are estab- sionals into the intelligence commu- Act is now taught and applied. lished and enforced through the intel- nity, allowing for more time-limited For example, the officials of our Gov- ligence agency. The President needs to service for college graduates, finding ernment who are charged with making charge the National Security Council ways to bring more native language the ultimate decision on these war- with the preparation of a government- speakers into the intelligence agencies, rants, the Attorney General and the wide strategy for combating terrorism and other efforts at diversification. Secretary of State or their delegates, at home and abroad. It is an outrage At this point, I commend the former must place the individual application that we are now more than 3 years Director of Central Intelligence, Mr. of such a warrant into the context of from September 11 and we do not have George Tenet, for the work he has done U.S. strategic global interests. a clear national strategy of how we are to initiate these policies. I am pleased There are areas where the Congress, going to eradicate international terror- that the recently enacted Defense ap- through oversight, can and must play a ists. propriations bill for fiscal year 2005 in- significant role. In a subsequent state- The restructuring of the intelligence cludes seed money for the development ment, I will review in more detail the community suggested above can sig- of a reserve officers training corps role of Congress in the oversight and nificantly contribute to a more coher- style program for the intelligence com- direction of the intelligence commu- ent set of intelligence initiatives, but munity at several universities, a re- nity and some of the reforms that I without leadership and commitment cruitment and training program which suggest should be made in order to from the President, little progress will will provide financial aid in exchange more effectively carry out that respon- be made. for a commitment of service within the sibility. Fourth, the intelligence community intelligence community. America lost more than 3,000 of our has not implemented the policies nec- This could be a significant response people on September 11. But we lost essary to recruit, train, reward or sanc- to the need for proficiency in some of something else. We lost our innocence. tion, maintain the talents, or diversify the world’s most difficult languages We can never bring back those people its human intelligence capabilities. and least known cultures and histories. we lost, nor will we ever restore Amer- The intelligence community’s current Having these students under super- ica’s innocence. What we can do is recruitment and training regime has vision during their college careers honor their memories. What we can do been inadequate to overcome this would also facilitate the clearance of is learn from their loss by embarking handicap. first-generation Americans of Arab on the road from innocence to wisdom. Of particular concern to me is the background into the intelligence serv- Government must lead when the peo- difficulty of receiving a security clear- ices. And it would have, as does the ple hesitate. And the people must lead ance for a first-generation American of military reserve officers training when our Government, as it has under ancestry. These young Ameri- corps, the further attribute of facili- our current President, falters. Our cans, who have a heritage in the coun- tating jointness; that is, the willing- safety and our future are too impor- tries of the Middle East and Central ness of people to see the mission rather tant to be left to change. Luck may Asia, are most likely to have absorbed than stop their vision at the particular spare us. It will never protect us. colloquial Arabic, Farsi or Pashtun, at agency at which they serve. Once these The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- home, and could have the personal young people enter their respective in- ator from Minnesota. skills that will increase their value as telligence agencies, many of them will Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, I ask a case agent. Of course, they are likely have known each other during their unanimous consent that notwith- to have something else; that is, they shared preparatory experience and, standing the previous order I be al- are likely to have a family. therefore, will be more likely to work lowed up to 10 minutes to speak as in An intelligence security background effectively together. morning business. check—an important part of assuring The fifth failure is the failure to real- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the patriotism of our intelligence com- ize that many of the most important objection, it is so ordered. munity—includes interviews with fam- decisions made by the intelligence f ily members. And if those family mem- community that were previously de- bers live in Syria, for example, it may scribed as tactical have now become FAILED POLICY IN be difficult or impossible to get a clear- strategic. Mr. DAYTON. Mr. President, 3 days ance. If one of the family members, There have been too many instances, ago, a picture appeared in the Min- even a distant one, has been in the most of which we cannot talk about in neapolis-based Star Tribune newspaper, service of that foreign government, the open session, when mid-level bureau- accompanying a Los Angeles Times ar- recruit is likely to be rejected, even crats in the intelligence community ticle whose headline read: ‘‘U.S. Makes though he or she may meet every have made decisions at a tactical level Show of Strength in .’’ standard of being a patriotic American. without a more strategic view as to the Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- By failing to find ways to overcome implications of those decisions. These sent that the article be printed in the this bias, we are denying ourselves the can be seemingly as simple as the rota- RECORD following my remarks. benefit of one of our Nation’s greatest tion of surveillance aircraft or other The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without assets, our diversity. means of surveillance which, when dis- objection, it is so ordered. Another frequently cited reason for covered, set off a diplomatic firestorm (See exhibit 1.) difficulty of recruitment of intel- with one of our friends or with one of Mr. DAYTON. The picture, for the ligence officers is the mid-1950s culture our enemies. record, showed about 30 Iraqi civilians of the intelligence community. While The leadership of the intelligence standing amidst the rubble of bombed most other aspects of our society have community has a special responsibility buildings in the Iraqi town of Fallujah. become accustomed to frequent turn- to determine if there is a full under- In the forefront of the picture were five over in careers—in fact, the average standing of the implications, rewards, Iraqi children, and the caption beneath American can anticipate working at and risks of an action. Review and ulti- the picture read:

VerDate Mar 15 2010 22:09 Jan 29, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2004SENATE\S13SE4.REC S13SE4 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY September 13, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S9107 An Iraqi boy weeps, as people survey the the truth. Thank goodness someone is Americans on the ground or in the air destruction in a neighborhood, following a telling us the truth, the truth about to cause this kind of destruction that U.S. airstrike overnight. Twelve Iraqis what the Bush administration has got- that picture capsulizes which is going were killed, including several women ten us into and where their present to wreak future destruction on our own and children. . . . policies will leave us. cities and our own people. President Bush makes a show of What he can’t tell us, because no one This is a failed policy. It is a disas- strength, and an Iraqi boy weeps. I say can, is how many more Americans will trous policy. It is one for which this ‘‘President Bush’’ because this is not die in Iraq during those 10 or 20 years; administration should take responsi- the U.S. military. They are carrying how many more Americans will die bility. out the orders of their Commander in elsewhere around the world or, God for- Again, I call upon the Armed Serv- Chief. This is not the American people bid, right in this very country because ices Committee of the Senate to hold because the American people do not of the failures of those policies today. oversight hearings and tell the Amer- kill innocent women and children in Today I am asking the esteemed ican people the truth about what is another country. This is the result of chairman of the Senate Armed Serv- going on there and what the future and the responsibility of a failed policy ices Committee to hold oversight hear- holds—in the near future, not the fu- in Iraq by the President and his admin- ings this week on the current policy in ture future. istration. Iraq, on the military situation there, EXHIBIT 1 There were at least two other aerial on the plans of this administration, on [From the Los Angeles Times, Sept. 10, 2004] bombings that day in two other Iraqi the timetable for our continuing in- U.S. MAKES SHOW OF STRENGTH IN FALLUJAH cities, according to that one story— volvement there, and on the costs in (By Patrick J. McDonnell) more destruction, more civilian casual- dollars and lives and international es- BAGHDAD.—U.S. forces rolled into the rebel ties, more children weeping; children teem to the United States of America, bastion of on Thursday and sought who lost brothers, sisters, mothers, fa- because the American people deserve to reestablish Iraqi government control as thers, grandparents, and friends; chil- the truth. This Congress deserves the aircraft pounded suspected guerrilla posi- tions in two other insurgent strongholds: the dren who will have the United States of facts. Our soldiers, our 138,000 coura- America, for the rest of their lives, flashpoint city of Fallujah in the west and geous Americans serving in Iraq today, the trouble spot of Tal Afar in the north. seared into their memories; children deserve to come home with their mili- The show of strength—along with the stat- who will, horribly, possibly cheer if tary victory secured. ed U.S. resolve to crush a Shiite Muslim mi- terrorists can cause that kind of ter- And I say to those who want to sup- litia in Baghdad—underscored the military’s rible destruction to Americans in port our troops, if you want to support determination to exert control over the American cities; children who might our troops, bring them home alive, country in the months leading up to elec- even be willing to do something like tions scheduled for January. bring them home alive now or as soon The U.S. move against the three insurgent that themselves in revenge. as possible hereafter, but not in 4 years centers came after a spike in attacks this President Bush, Vice President CHE- or 10 years or 20 years. Make the ad- week that pushed American military fatali- NEY, and other apologists for this con- ministration in Iraq and the people of ties from all causes to more than 1,000. The tinuing war in Iraq claim that they are Iraq responsible for their own country. actions appeared designed to dispel the per- fighting terrorists there so we won’t That is what democracy is about. It is ception that swaths of Iraq had become a have to fight them here. By these ac- ‘‘no-go’’ zone for U.S. troops. about self-determination and self-re- American warplanes struck Fallujah, the tions, I maintain they are creating ter- sponsibility. It is time the people of third attack in as many days against sus- rorists in Iraq whom we will have to Iraq become responsible for Iraq. It is pected insurgent positions in the city 30 fight here, whom we will have to de- time the 206,000 militia and military miles west of Baghdad. U.S. and Iraqi au- fend against, fend off, and protect our- that we claim to have trained in Iraq thorities lost control of Fallujah after U.S. selves from for years, even decades to become responsible for Fallujah and Marines ended a three-week siege last April come. How would we feel if our chil- Baghdad and everywhere else in Iraq. and turned the city over to a U.S.-sanctioned dren or our friends or our parents or force, the Fallujah Brigade, which has now The article I referred to earlier all but disappeared. wives or husbands were buried beneath states: U.S. and Iraqi authorities lost Nine people, including two children, were the rubble that used to be our homes, control of Fallujah last April after reported killed in a Fallujah house that the our stores, and our neighborhoods? they turned the city over to a U.S.- U.S. command suspected of being used by al- I do not fault the courageous Ameri- sanctioned force, the Fallujah brigade, lies of the Jordanian-born terror mastermind cans in our Armed Forces who have which has now all but disappeared. Abu Musab al-Zarqawi. borne the brunt of this administra- Where did they disappear to? I sup- FOREIGN FIGHTERS tion’s failed policy. To the contrary, I ported that action back then. I thought On Thursday evening, a U.S. spokesman, salute them for their heroism and their that was the right course of action, Maj. Jay Antonelli, revised the earlier de- patriotism. It has been over a year and that we make Iraqis responsible for the scription of events in Fallujah. ‘‘In spite of a half since they won the initial mili- the great care taken to spare the lives of defense of their own country, for the noncombatants, an unknown number of Iraqi tary victory in Iraq. They went from security of their own cities. Now I civilians were unfortunately among those the Iraqi border to Baghdad in 3 weeks. learn, not through this administra- killed and wounded in the strike,’’ Antonelli They routed ’s army. tion’s disclosures but through an arti- said in an e-mail statement. They toppled his evil regime. And since cle appearing in an investigative ‘‘The foreign fighters who hide among the then, they have stood guard until story—thank goodness for the free and people of Fallujah place them at significant someone began to run that country. risk,’’ Antonelli said. vigilant press because we wouldn’t He added: ‘‘Foreign fighters will not enjoy They are still standing guard, 138,000 learn those things here in Congress if safe haven anywhere in the city.’’ brave Americans. They are fighting, we were waiting to be told—that the In a separate statement, the U.S. command they are bleeding, and they are dying Fallujah brigade has ‘‘all but dis- said military operations around Tal Afar because this administration and their appeared.’’ were designed to rid the city of ‘‘a large ter- Iraqi allies have not figured out how to That is a fundamental failure of this rorist element that has displaced local Iraqi run that country. administration and the Iraqi adminis- security forces throughout the recent weeks.’’ We need a policy, a plan, and a time- tration to train, equip, and motivate The U.S. military said 57 insurgents were table to get out of Iraq—not to lose the Iraqi forces in Iraq to stand up for killed in the attack on Tal Afar, a northern Iraq but to leave Iraq, not tomorrow or and defend their own country from city near the border with Syria that lies on next week, unfortunately—because the whomever it is over there—insurgents, smuggling routes for weapons and foreign Bush administration has failed. They terrorists, and citizens who want an fighters. The provincial health director, Dr. have failed to prepare for that. But not end to the violence, understandably so, Rabie Yassin, said 27 civilians were killed in 10 or 20 years, as my colleague, the in their own homes and neighborhoods. and 70 wounded. It was unclear whether senior Senator from Arizona, Mr. It is time to put Iraq in charge of those reported by the Iraqis as civilians were counted as insurgents by the Americans. MCCAIN, has predicted. He is not rec- Iraq, make them stand up and fight for Meanwhile, relative calm held in much of ommending that course of action; he is their own country, for their own cities, the Shiite Muslim heartland after an agree- just telling us and the American people for their own security, and stop forcing ment negotiated last month by Iraq’s leading

VerDate Mar 15 2010 22:09 Jan 29, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\2004SENATE\S13SE4.REC S13SE4 mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY S9108 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 13, 2004 Shiite cleric, Grand Ayatollah Ali al- rived, the Senate will resume consider- marily African-Americans who worked Husseini al-Sistani. The agreement brought ation of H.R. 4567, which the clerk will in this financial services area of the an end to weeks of fighting between U.S. report. Pentagon. Imagine, 24 people, such as troops and Shiite militiamen loyal to radical The legislative clerk read as follows: Odessa Morris who had just celebrated cleric Muqtada al-Sadr. her 25th anniversary; or Max Bielke, Scattered clashes continued between Al- A bill (H.R. 4567) making appropriations Sadr’s loyalists and American forces in the for the Department of Homeland Security for who had been in the military and when radical cleric’s Baghdad stronghold, Sadr the fiscal year ending September 30, 2005, and he retired, he went back to work as a City. for other purposes. civilian employee because he loved it. Iraqi officials want to prevent Al-Sadr Pending: He was the last man to leave Vietnam. from rebuilding his forces in . Toward Nelson (FL) Amendment No. 3607, to pro- He stamped all the papers at our em- that end, dozens of Iraqi soldiers and police vide funds for the American Red Cross. bassy there. He was the last soldier out raided Al-Sadr’s Najaf office to search for Schumer Amendment No. 3615, to appro- of Vietnam. So we mourn that day. weapons. Al-Sadr was not there at the time, priate $100,000,000 to establish an identifica- At the same time, we were proud of and no weapons were found, although Iraqi tion and tracking system for HAZMAT the Maryland response. I was particu- officials said ammunition and mortars were trucks and a background check system for larly proud of the Chevy Chase rescue confiscated from nearby houses. commercial driver licenses. team. This is a volunteer fire depart- U.S. and Iraqi government troops are not Reid (for Lautenberg) Amendment No. 3617, in full control of several cities and areas in to ensure that the Coast guard has sufficient ment in Montgomery County that Iraq, including Samarra in the north, resources for its traditional core missions. dashed across the Potomac under the Fallujah and in the west, and the Corzine Amendment No. 3619, to appro- doctrine of mutual aid to provide fire- largely Shiite neighborhood known as Sadr priate an additional $100,000,000 to enhance fighting assistance on that horrible City in eastern Baghdad, where a militia the security of chemical plants. day, joining with our local fire depart- holds sway. Other cities and towns, such as AMENDMENT NO. 3624 ments from Northern Virginia and Res- Tal, have become guerrilla bastions where (Purpose: To increase the amount appro- cue One from Chevy Chase, and stayed the U.S.-backed Iraqi government exerts priated for firefighter assistance grants.) on the scene in order to be able to quell only limited control. the fires that continued to burn. They In Samarra, U.S. commanders said their Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I send forces, accompanied by members of the Iraqi an amendment to the desk. were part of a FEMA search and rescue police and by national guard soldiers, drove The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without unit and they provided help. They were into the city Thursday morning after gain- objection, the pending amendment is the ones who brought in the dogs to ing assurances from local Iraqi leaders that laid aside. The clerk will report. look for survivors. They were there they would not be fired on. The local leaders The legislative clerk read as follows: night and day for several days and said they sensed divisions within the insur- weeks. The Senator from Maryland [Ms. MIKUL- gents’ ranks between those who favored SKI], for herself, Mrs. BOXER, Mrs. CLINTON, I was very proud of the Chevy Chase some accommodation with the Americans Mr. HARKIN, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. KENNEDY, fire fighters and of all our fire depart- and those who rejected it, and felt secure Mr. LEVIN, Mr. SARBANES, and Mr. SCHUMER, ments in Maryland who went up to the enough to issue the temporary guarantee. proposes an amendment numbered 3624. World Trade Center to dig in the U.S. soldiers and the then con- On page 39, after line 5, insert the fol- vened a meeting of the U.S.-backed council, wreckage to see if they could find any lowing: which chose a new mayor and police chief. survivors. We know the story about SEC. 515. The amount appropriated by title After a few uneventful hours, the U.S. sol- what happened at the World Trade Cen- III for the Office of State and Local Govern- diers and the Iraqi police left. ter. Again, the Chevy Chase Fire De- ment Coordination and Preparedness under However, commanders acknowledge that as partment is a volunteer fire depart- the heading ‘‘FIREFIGHTER ASSISTANCE many as 500 insurgents remain in Samarra. GRANTS’’ is hereby increased to $900,000,000. ment. They serve their community and The guerrillas’ preference is to strike at country on their own time and their Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I am smaller U.S. or Iraqi units. In classic guer- own dime. It cost the Chevy Chase Fire going to speak about the compelling rilla style, they tend to hide their arms and Department over $300,000 to be able to blend in among city residents when faced needs that our local fire departments be on the job. They did it willingly, with larger forces. have. unstintingly. Yet at the same time, we The U.S. troops pulled out at the end of the All of us, over the weekend, went to know those local fire departments can- day for lack of a secure base to spend the events commemorating September 11, not continue to function when we go on night. 2001. We all spoke about how much we Maj. Neal O’Brien of the 1st Infantry Divi- Orange Alert, and they continue on admired those men and women who sion, which patrols four provinces north of their own time and on their own dime. Baghdad that includes Samarra, said, ‘‘We stood up to defend the Nation, includ- One of the great things we created will never give up our right to maneuver in ing those very brave first responders at was the Fire Grant Program. The Fire any of our areas.’’ the World Trade Center who dashed up Grant Program was an invention before The U.S. approach in Samarra since spring over 75 floors in burning buildings to 9/11 of Senator KIT BOND and me as part had been to allow local leaders to work out try to rescue people. They put them- a way to disarm or otherwise neutralize a of a FEMA reform package, along with selves on the line, and many of them, Congressmen HOYER and WELDON in the stubborn insurgent force that had disrupted as we know, perished on that horrible government and police activities in the an- House. We did it in a bipartisan effort cient city of 200,000. day. to make sure our fire departments— The largely Sunni Muslim population has Here in the Washington, DC area, as particularly our volunteer fire depart- long posed a major challenge for U.S. forces. we know, the Pentagon was hit. We in ments—had the right equipment they The city was the site of a large-scale U.S. of- Maryland had 60 Marylanders die that needed to protect the protector, and fensive last winter designed to flush out a day. We had some die at the World also the updated technology to be able guerrilla force thought to be composed of re- Trade Center, but the majority were at ligious militants, anti-American nationalists to protect us. the Pentagon. Some died on the air- When we created that program as and loyalists of Saddam Hussein’s former planes. We had people die on those air- Baath Party. During that offensive, a U.S. part of FEMA, well before September force of more than 3,000 soldiers also met lit- lines, including a flight attendant who 11, 2001, it was authorized at $300 mil- tle resistance as the guerrillas apparently gave her life and was one of the people lion. At the same time, what we know melted into the populace. who tried to deal with the situation. is that when we did that—after 9/11, the But in recent months, residents say, We had others who died on those need was so compelling, working, Samarra had fallen back under insurgent planes, such as a family who was leav- again, on a bipartisan, bicameral basis, control. ing on a sabbatical—a husband and we authorized a fire grant program at Mr. DAYTON. I yield the floor. wife who were academics, with their $900 million. What else do we know? We f two children. Again, we had people die know there is compelling need. We at the Pentagon, such as one young know the fire administration, just in DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SE- man from Baltimore who was a finan- 2003, received almost 20,000 applications CURITY APPROPRIATIONS ACT, cial analyst over at the Pentagon. Of totaling $2.5 billion in funding requests 2005 those from Maryland who died at the for local fire departments. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under Pentagon, 24 came from one county, Imagine that. The fire administra- the previous order, the time having ar- Prince George’s County. They were pri- tion received requests for $2.5 billion.

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