EMT-1 Trauma Stabilization Point for Mosul and Tal Afar
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Injury and Death During the ISIS Occupation of Mosul and Its Liberation: Results from a 40- Cluster Household Survey
RESEARCH ARTICLE Injury and death during the ISIS occupation of Mosul and its liberation: Results from a 40- cluster household survey Riyadh Lafta1, Maha A. Al-Nuaimi2, Gilbert Burnham3* 1 Department of Community Medicine, Al Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq, 2 National Center for Research and Treatment of Blood Diseases, Baghdad, Iraq, 3 Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract a1111111111 Background Measurement of mortality and injury in conflict situations presents many challenges com- OPEN ACCESS pared with stable situations. However, providing information is important to assess the Citation: Lafta R, Al-Nuaimi MA, Burnham G impact of conflict on populations and to estimate humanitarian needs, both in the immediate (2018) Injury and death during the ISIS occupation and longer term. Mosul, Iraq's second largest city, was overrun by fighters of the Islamic of Mosul and its liberation: Results from a 40- State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) on June 4, 2014. In this study, we conducted household sur- cluster household survey. PLoS Med 15(5): veys to measure reported deaths, injuries, and kidnappings in Mosul, Iraq, both during the e1002567. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pmed.1002567 occupation of the city by fighters of ISIS and the months of Iraqi military action known as the liberation. Academic Editor: Peter Byass, Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Umeå University, SWEDEN Methods and findings Received: November 22, 2017 Mosul was overrun by ISIS forces on June 4, 2014, and was under exclusive ISIS control for Accepted: April 13, 2018 29 months. -
The Coming Turkish- Iranian Competition in Iraq
UNITeD StateS INSTITUTe of Peace www.usip.org SPeCIAL RePoRT 2301 Constitution Ave., NW • Washington, DC 20037 • 202.457.1700 • fax 202.429.6063 ABOUT THE REPO R T Sean Kane This report reviews the growing competition between Turkey and Iran for influence in Iraq as the U.S. troop withdrawal proceeds. In doing so, it finds an alignment of interests between Baghdad, Ankara, and Washington, D.C., in a strong and stable Iraq fueled by increased hydrocarbon production. Where possible, the United States should therefore encourage The Coming Turkish- Turkish and Iraqi cooperation and economic integration as a key part of its post-2011 strategy for Iraq and the region. This analysis is based on the author’s experiences in Iraq and Iranian Competition reviews of Turkish and Iranian press and foreign policy writing. ABOUT THE AUTHO R in Iraq Sean Kane is the senior program officer for Iraq at the United States Institute of Peace (USIP). He assists in managing the Institute’s Iraq program and field mission in Iraq and serves as the Institute’s primary expert on Iraq and U.S. policy in Iraq. Summary He previously worked for the United Nations Assistance Mission • The two rising powers in the Middle East—Turkey and Iran—are neighbors to Iraq, its for Iraq from 2006 to 2009. He has published on the subjects leading trading partners, and rapidly becoming the most influential external actors inside of Iraqi politics and natural resource negotiations. The author the country as the U.S. troop withdrawal proceeds. would like to thank all of those who commented on and provided feedback on the manuscript and is especially grateful • Although there is concern in Washington about bilateral cooperation between Turkey and to Elliot Hen-Tov for generously sharing his expertise on the Iran, their differing visions for the broader Middle East region are particularly evident in topics addressed in the report. -
Iraq Bleeds: the Remorseless Rise of Violence and Displacement by Ashraf Al-Khalidi and Victor Tanner
FMR IRAQ SPECIAL ISSUE populations. However, as the scope On a regional level, the humanitarian between sister UN agencies in of the humanitarian crisis is beyond crisis has implications in terms these countries have begun. the current response capacity of of outflow, security and access the GoI, the UN will increase its to vulnerable groups. Therefore Ambassador Ashraf Jehangir Qazi, current humanitarian activities to neighbouring countries and their a senior Pakistani diplomat and match the increasing needs where NGO communities should be engaged former ambassador to the USA, possible. To that end, the UN is and included in determinations of is the UN Secretary-General’s committed to working directly responses. Humanitarian corridors Special Representative for Iraq. with governorates, districts and between these countries need to community leaders, to ensure that be developed and preliminary The web portal for UN agencies interventions are tailored to the discussions regarding coordination working in Iraq is at www.uniraq.org unique circumstances in each district. 1. www.irffi.org Iraq bleeds: the remorseless rise of violence and displacement by Ashraf al-Khalidi and Victor Tanner “I will never believe in differences between people,” the young rule of law. This was especially true man said. “I am a Sunni and my wife is a Shi’a. I received of Shi’a communities, which had suffered so much under Saddam. threats to divorce her or be killed. We have left Dora now [a once-mixed, now Sunni-dominated neighbourhood in central Even today, many ordinary people Baghdad]. My wife is staying with her family in Shaab [a Shi’a still do not think in terms of civil war. -
A Tale of Two Cities the Use of Explosive Weapons in Basra and Fallujah, Iraq, 2003-4 Report by Jenna Corderoy and Robert Perkins
December 2014 A TALE OF TWO CITIES The use of explosive weapons in Basra and Fallujah, Iraq, 2003-4 Report by Jenna Corderoy and Robert Perkins Editor Iain Overton With thanks to Henry Dodd, Jane Hunter, Steve Smith and Iraq Body Count Copyright © Action on Armed Violence (December 2014) Cover Illustration A US Marine Corps M1A1 Abrams tank fires its main gun into a building in Fallujah during Operation Al Fajr/Phantom Fury, 10 December 2004, Lance Corporal James J. Vooris (UMSC) Infographic Sarah Leo Design and Printing Matt Bellamy Clarifications or corrections from interested parties are welcome Research and publications funded by the Government of Norway, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. A tale of two cities | 1 CONTENTS FOREWORD 2 IRAQ: A TIMELINE 3 INTRODUCTION: IRAQ AND EXPLOSIVE WEAPONS 4 INTERnatiONAL HumanitaRIAN LAW 6 AND RulES OF ENGAGEMENT BASRA, 2003 8 Rattling the Cage 8 Air strikes: Munition selection 11 FALLUJAH, 2004 14 Firepower for manpower 14 Counting the cost 17 THE AFTERmath AND LESSONS LEARNED 20 CONCLUSION 22 RECOMMENDatiONS 23 2 | Action on Armed Violence FOREWORD Sound military tactics employed in the pursuit of strategic objectives tend to restrict the use of explosive force in populated areas “ [... There are] ample examples from other international military operations that indicate that the excessive use of explosive force in populated areas can undermine both tactical and strategic objectives.” Bård Glad Pedersen, State Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Norway, 17 June 20141 The language of conflict has changed enormously. their government is not the governing authority. Today engagements are often fought and justified Three case studies in three places most heavily- through a public mandate to protect civilians. -
Can Iraq's Army Dislodge the Islamic State? | the Washington Institute
MENU Policy Analysis / Articles & Op-Eds Can Iraq's Army Dislodge the Islamic State? by Michael Knights Mar 4, 2015 Also available in Arabic ABOUT THE AUTHORS Michael Knights Michael Knights is the Boston-based Jill and Jay Bernstein Fellow of The Washington Institute, specializing in the military and security affairs of Iraq, Iran, and the Persian Gulf states. Articles & Testimony The just-launched Tikrit operation raises question about the relative exclusion of coalition support, the prominence of Shiite militias, the degree of Iranian involvement, and the Iraqi army's readiness for a much more imposing campaign in Mosul. n 1 March about 27,000 Iraqi troops commenced their attack on Tikrit, a city 150km (93 miles) north of O Baghdad that has been occupied by the Islamic State (IS) since June 2014. The assault is the first attempt to evict IS from a major urban centre that they have controlled and fortified, a test case for the planned operation to retake Mosul -- the Iraqi capital of the IS caliphate. The Tikrit operation will be scrutinised to shed light on two main uncertainties. Can predominately Shia volunteer forces play a productive leading role in operations within Sunni communities? And can the Iraqi military dislodge IS defenders from fortified urban settings? IRANIAN INPUT T he assault has been billed as a joint operation involving the Iraqi army, the paramilitary federal police, the Iraqi Special Operations Forces (ISOF), and the predominately Shia Popular Mobilisation Units (PMUs), the volunteer brigades and militias that have been formally integrated into the security forces since June 2014. -
Iraq: Post-Saddam Governance and Security
Order Code RL31339 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Iraq: Post-Saddam Governance and Security Updated March 29, 2006 Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress Iraq: Post-Saddam Governance and Security Summary Operation Iraqi Freedom succeeded in overthrowing Saddam Hussein, but Iraq remains violent and unstable because of Sunni Arab resentment and a related insurgency, as well as growing sectarian violence. According to its November 30, 2005, “Strategy for Victory,” the Bush Administration indicates that U.S. forces will remain in Iraq until the country is able to provide for its own security and does not serve as a host for radical Islamic terrorists. The Administration believes that, over the longer term, Iraq will become a model for reform throughout the Middle East and a partner in the global war on terrorism. However, mounting casualties and costs — and growing sectarian conflict — have intensified a debate within the United States over the wisdom of the invasion and whether to wind down U.S. involvement without completely accomplishing U.S. goals. The Bush Administration asserts that U.S. policy in Iraq is showing important successes, demonstrated by two elections (January and December 2005) that chose an interim and then a full-term National Assembly, a referendum that adopted a permanent constitution (October 15, 2005), progress in building Iraq’s security forces, and economic growth. While continuing to build, equip, and train Iraqi security units, the Administration has been working to include more Sunni Arabs in the power structure, particularly the security institutions; Sunnis were dominant during the regime of Saddam Hussein but now feel marginalized by the newly dominant Shiite Arabs and Kurds. -
2014-12-14 Situation Report
Iraq Situation Report: December 19-21, 2014 1 On December 20, Iraqi Kurdish Peshmerga forces, supported by the Syrian 5 On December 20, ISIS attacked Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) stationed Kurdish PYD People’s Protection Units (YPG) and Iraqi Yazidi ghters, in areas in Haditha in western Anbar. e clashes took place in the areas engaged the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS) inside the center of Sinjar of Sin al-ib and al-Sagra. e attack was repelled and French airstrikes in western Ninewa province. By December 21, these combined forces moved supported the ISF. On December, Haditha’s mayor, Abdul Hakim inside Sinjar district and retook several neighborhoods inside the city. ese al-Jughai, called for coalition airstrikes to target ISIS in the Khasfa area operations were supported by airstrikes from the international anti-ISIS which he indicated as a staging area for the next ISIS attack into coalition. Haditha. Dahuk 2 On December 20, the governor of Salah ad-Din stated that 6 On December 20, ISIS attacked ISF forces near the Baghdadi ISIS has launched a major attack inside Baiji district in Salah Mosul Dam area in Anbar province. ISIS launched the attacks from the Joba ad-Din province. is statement comes as the Iraqi 1 3 Bridge and from northern Hit. e attack was repelled, but a Security Forces (ISF) engaged ISIS in the middle of Mosul Arbil tribal leader stated that ISIS now controls the Joba and Sayad central Baiji; Iraqi military reinforcements are reported areas in northern Baghdadi. On December 21, a local ocial to have arrived in the city. -
HEALTH CLUSTER EMERGENCY RESPONSE IRAQ Monthly Dashboard (March 2019)
HEALTH CLUSTER EMERGENCY RESPONSE IRAQ Monthly Dashboard (March 2019) 1 FUNDING INFORMATION TREATMENT OF COMMON HEALTH Zakho Al-Amedi Al-Zibar DISEASES PARTNERS SumelDahuk Akre Rawanduz Tal Afar TilkaefSheikhan Shaqlawa Sinjar Al-Hamdaniya Pshdar 1 Rania 6.1M Al-Mosul Erbil 2019 Funded KoysinjaqDokan 22 Makhmour Penjwin Partners Reported Al-Ba'aj Dibis Sharbazher 96K 133K Al-Shirqat Jan 2019 Al-Hatra Kirkuk Al-Sulaymaniya Men Women Al-Hawiga Chamchamal Halabja Daquq Darbandihkan Kalar 15 International NGO Baiji Tikrit Tuz Kifri Al-Daur 304K 7 Local NGO Ana Khanaqin Consultations Haditha Samarra 40K Al-Ka'im Al-Khalis 34.7K Balad Al-Muqdadiya Heet Boys Girls Al-AdhamiyaBa'quba Al-Kadhmiyah Baladruz Al-Mada'en $60.9M Al-RamadiAl-Falluja Al-Mahmoudiya Badra Al-Suwaira Required Al-Musayab 37K 45K Al-Rutba Al-Mahaweel Ain Al-TamurKerbala Al-Kut Laboratory investigations % of water samples Al-HashimiyaAl-Namaniya Ali Al-Gharbi conducted Al-Hindiya from health facilities Al-Hilla Al-Hai Al-Amara that failed chemical Al-KufaAl-DiwaniyaAfaq and biological test Al-Kahla Al-Shamiya Al-Rifai Al-Hamza Al-Manathera Al-Rumaitha Al-MaimounaQalat Saleh Al-Shatra Al-Mejar Al-Kabir Al-Samawa REACHED TARGET Al-Najaf Al-Khidhir Nassriya Al-Qurna Suq Al-ShoyokhAl-Chibayish Shatt Al-Arab 527.9K Al-Basrah Number of Partners Abu Al-Khaseeb Al-Zubair 6 - 12 Al-Salman Al-Fao 31% 1.7M 3 - 6 0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 1 - 3 IMMUNIZATION NUTRITION 3,214 1,030 198 79 7,060 3,213 3,432 No. of children under 5 No. -
The Martyrs St
November 1st, 2015 1st Sunday of the Church SAINTS OF THE WEEK SPECIAL EDITION: THE MARTYRS ST. ISAAC OF NINEVEH Father Ragheed Ganni was a Chaldean priest who was studying at the Irish College when the US invaded Iraq. He asked his bishop for permission to return to be with his people, and afterwards, he had received many death threats. In 2007, after the evening liturgy in Mosul’s Holy Spirit Chaldean Church, Father Ragheed was leaving together with three subdeacons. His car was stopped by gun men, although he was smiling, laughing, and trying to He was born in the region of engage with them. They said they will teach him to Beth Qatraye in Eastern Arabia. laugh and cut him in half with machine gun fire. He When still quite young, he was martyred along with the three subdeacons. entered a monastery where he devoted his energies towards the At the time of this murder, Father Ragheed was practice of asceticism. After secretary to Paolos Faraj Rahho, the archbishop of many years of studying at the library attached to the Mosul. Bishop Rahho was murdered only nine monastery, he emerged as an months after Father Ragheed in the same city of authoritative figure in theology. Mosul. The Chaldean Church immediately mourned Shortly after, he dedicated his them as martyrs, and Pope Benedict XVI life to monasticism and became immediately prayed for them from Rome. involved in religious education throughout the Beth Qatraye Sister Cecilia had belonged to the Order of the region. When the Catholicos Sacred Heart of Jesus and had devoted her life to Georges (680–659) visited Beth ministering to the poor and ill. -
The Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage in Iraq As a Violation Of
The Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage in Iraq as a Violation of Human Rights Submission for the United Nations Special Rapporteur in the field of cultural rights About us RASHID International e.V. is a worldwide network of archaeologists, cultural heritage experts and professionals dedicated to safeguarding and promoting the cultural heritage of Iraq. We are committed to de eloping the histor! and archaeology of ancient "esopotamian cultures, for we belie e that knowledge of the past is ke! to understanding the present and to building a prosperous future. "uch of Iraq#s heritage is in danger of being lost fore er. "ilitant groups are ra$ing mosques and churches, smashing artifacts, bulldozing archaeological sites and illegall! trafficking antiquities at a rate rarel! seen in histor!. Iraqi cultural heritage is suffering grie ous and in man! cases irre ersible harm. To pre ent this from happening, we collect and share information, research and expert knowledge, work to raise public awareness and both de elop and execute strategies to protect heritage sites and other cultural propert! through international cooperation, advocac! and technical assistance. R&SHID International e.). Postfach ++, Institute for &ncient Near -astern &rcheology Ludwig-Maximilians/Uni ersit! of "unich 0eschwister-Scholl/*lat$ + (/,1234 "unich 0erman! https566www.rashid-international.org [email protected] Copyright This document is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution .! International license. 8ou are free to copy and redistribute the material in an! medium or format, remix, transform, and build upon the material for an! purpose, e en commerciall!. R&SHI( International e.). cannot re oke these freedoms as long as !ou follow the license terms. -
Shelters Having Insuffi- Waiting on One Or Several Factors Modated Them on Arrival
Overview BASRAH GOVERNORATE PROFILE GOVERNORATE OF ORIGIN June-August 2015 3% 7% Anbar 426 IDP individuals 2% Bordering Kuwait and Iran, Basra is the most Babylon 4% 1% Baghdad southerly governorate of Iraq. It continues to be a 408 IDP individuals Diyala GENDER- AGE BREAKDOWN socio-economic hub of the country with total of 4% 35% 474 IDP individuals 22% Kirkuk 1,912,533 inhabitants (excluding Syrian refugees Ninewa 5% and IDPs). The governorate is strategically and 30% Salah al-Din 5-0 economically important, with a significant propor- 5,862 IDP individuals tion of Iraqi oil reserves and the country’s sole 57% 6-11 access to the sea, Umm Qasr port being the only MOST COMMON SHELTER TYPE % of all ID shipping hub. 1 P n s 12-18 Shabat 1,494 IDP individuals a i h n 1,500 IDP individuals al-Arab t i 14% r s a s 15% q 19-49 This conservative governorate was a cradle of the e l religious militia established in 2003, which fought 50+ against USA-led forces deployed during the Rented Host Families Camp intervention. The outbreak of conflict in 2014 156 IDP individuals housing 48% 33% 10% 2% 0 brought an influx of almost 11,000 people, mainly 200 400 600 800 INTENTIONS 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 from Ninewa and Salah al-Din. The vast majority reside in Basra district, the governorate‘s capital and administrative centre, which continues to Notably, 63% of all IDPs assessed in Basrah were under Abu 18. Additionally, overall there were nearly as many men as attract IDPs due to availability of basic services. -
Living in Mosul During the Time of ISIS and the Military Liberation: Results from a 40-Cluster Household Survey R
Lafta et al. Conflict and Health (2018) 12:31 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-018-0167-8 RESEARCH Open Access Living in Mosul during the time of ISIS and the military liberation: results from a 40-cluster household survey R. Lafta1, V. Cetorelli2 and G. Burnham3* Abstract Background: In June 2014, an estimated 1500 fighters of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) seized control of Mosul, Iraq’s second city. Although many residents fled, others stayed behind, enduring the restrictive civil and social policies of ISIS. In December 2016, the military activity, known as the liberation campaign, began in east Mosul, concluding in west Mosul in June 2017. Methods: To assess life in Mosul under ISIS, and the consequences of the military campaign to retake Mosul we conducted a 40 cluster-30 household survey in Mosul, starting in March 2017. All households included were present in Mosul throughout the entire time of ISIS control and military action. Results: In June 2014, 915 of 1139 school-age children (80.3%) had been in school, but only 28 (2.2%) attended at least some school after ISIS seized control. This represented a decision of families. Injuries to women resulting from intimate partner violence were reported in 415 (34.5%) households. In the surveyed households, 819 marriages had occurred; 688 (84.0%) among women. Of these women, 89 (12.9%) were aged 15 years and less, and 253 (49.7%) were aged under 18 at the time of marriage. With Mosul economically damaged by ISIS control and physically during the Iraqi military action, there was little employment at the time of the survey, and few persons were bringing cash into households.