FSD3062

Finnish Attitudes to Immigration: Suomen Kuvalehti Survey 2015

Codebook

FINNISH SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVE The bibliographic citation for this codebook: Finnish Attitudes to Immigration: Suomen Kuvalehti Survey 2015 [codebook]. Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor], 2020.

This codebook has been generated from the version 2.0 (17.7.2018) of the data.

Finnish Social Science Data Archive FIN-33014 University of Tampere

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$ Koodikirjoitin.py v37 @ 2020-12-09 13:32:49.601000 $ To the reader

This codebook is part of the data FSD3062 archived at the FSD (Finnish Social Science Data Archive).The dataset has been described in as much detail as possible in Finnish and English. Variable frequencies, variable and value labels, and missing values have been checked. If neces- sary, the data have been anonymised. The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication. The bibliographic citation suggested by the archive:

Taloustutkimus: Finnish Attitudes to Immigration: Suomen Kuvalehti Survey 2015 [dataset]. Version 2.0 (2018-07-17). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distrib- utor]. http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3062

The user shall notify the archive of all publications where she or he has used the data. The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data. The codebook contains information on data content, structure and data collection, and includes a list of publications wholly or in part based on the data, according to publication informa- tion received by the FSD. The second part of the codebook contains information on variables: question texts, response options, and frequencies. The third part contains indexes. Variable distributions presented in this codebook have been generated from the SPSS files. Dis- tribution tables present variable values, frequencies (n), frequency percentages (%), and valid percentages (v. %) which take into account missing data. All distributions are unweighted. If the data contain weight variables, these will be found at the end of the variables list. In some cases frequency distributions have been substituted by descriptive statistics. Categorised responses to open-ended questions are not always included in the codebook. Distributions may contain missing data. The note "System missing (SYSMIS)" refers to missing observations (e.g. a re- spondent has not answered all questions) whereas "Missing (User missing)" refers to data the user has defined as missing. For example, the user may decide to code answer alternatives ’don’t want to say’ or ’can’t say’ as missing data. The codebook may contain attached files, the most common one being the questionnaire.

Contents

1 Study description 1 1.1 Titles ...... 1 1.2 Subject description ...... 1 1.3 Structure and collection of the data ...... 3 1.4 Use of data ...... 3

2 Variables 5

3 Indexes 25 3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence ...... 25 3.2 Variables in alphabetical order ...... 28

i

Chapter 1

Study description

1.1 Titles

Titles and data version: Finnish Attitudes to Immigration: Suomen Kuvalehti Survey 2015 Titles and data version in Finnish: Suomalaisten maahanmuuttoasenteet: Suomen Kuvale- hden kysely 2015 This codebook has been generated from the version 2.0 (17.7.2018) of the data.

1.2 Subject description

Authoring entity

Taloustutkimus Rahkonen, Juho (Taloustutkimus)

Copyright statement for the data

In accordance with the agreement between FSD and the depositor.

Depositor

Pernaa, Ville (Suomen Kuvalehti)

Date of deposit

23.9.2015

1 1. Study description

Keywords ethnic groups; immigrants; immigration; international migration; mass media; political parties; racial prejudice

Topic Classification

Fields of Science Classification: Social sciences CESSDA Classification: Social behaviour and attitudes; Social welfare policy

Series description

The data belong to the series:

Individual datasets

Individual datasets that do not belong to any series.

Abstract

The survey, commissioned by the newsmagazine Suomen Kuvalehti, charted attitudes in Finland towards immigrants from different countries as well as beliefs about race. First, the respondents were asked to state their position on a scale from 0 to 10, where 10 in- dicated they hoped that Finland would be populated as much as possible by people of Finnish origin sharing the national values, and 0 that they hoped Finland would be populated as much as possible by people from a diversity of countries and ethnic backgrounds. Next, opinions were studied regarding how desirable or undesirable the respondents thought it was that immigrants of certain nationalities would come to Finland. The nationalities mentioned were Swedes, Ger- mans, Russians, Estonians, US Americans, Somalis, Kosovars, Iraqis, Afghans, Syrians, Chi- nese, Thai and Ukrainians. The respondents were also asked to what extent they agreed with the following four statements: ’The mental abilities of black Africans are lower than those of white people living in Western countries’, ’ All people have equal value regardless of the colour of their skin or ethnic background’, ’The white European race should be prevented from being mixed with darker races because otherwise the original population of Europe will become ex- tinct before long ’, and ’There is no such thing as ’race’ since all human beings are genetically very much alike’. One question studied whether the respondents thought the Finnish media reported more nega- tively or positively on the Perussuomalaiset party (the Finns Party) than on the other political parties. Background variables included the respondent’s gender, age, region of residence (NUTS3), major region of residence (NUTS2), city or type of municipality, education, occupational status and economic activity, household composition, number and ages of children living at home, total gross annual income of the household, and type of housing.

2 1.3. Structure and collection of the data

1.3 Structure and collection of the data

Country: Finland Geographic coverage: Finland Analysis or observation unit type: Individual Universe: People aged 15-79 living in Finland Collection date: 12.8.2015 – 13.8.2015 Data collector(s): Taloustutkimus Data producer(s): Suomen Kuvalehti Mode of data collection: Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI) Type of research instrument: Structured questionnaire Time period covered: 2015 Time method of the data collection: Cross-section Number of variables and cases: The data contain 44 variables and 1000 cases. Sampling procedure: Probability: Stratified The sample of 1,000 persons was drawn from among the Taloustutkimus Internet panel mem- bers to be representative of the 15-79-year-old Finnish population in terms of age, gender, and place of residence. The Taloustutkimus Internet panel currently holds over 50,000 members. They have been re- cruited in connection with nationally representative surveys conducted by Taloustutkimus or through random sampling from Finland’s population register.

1.4 Use of data

Related publications

Elsing, Alexandra (2017) The Effect of Trauma and Discrimination on the Psychological Well- Being Among Asylum-Seekers in Finland. Pro gradu, Åbo Akademi. Saarnio, Tomi (2016). Taudinaiheuttajille koetun haavoittuvuuden vaikutus suomalaisten maa- hanmuuttoasenteisiin. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto. Maantieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/162051 Updated list of publications in the study description at

https://services.fsd.uta.fi/catalogue/FSD3062?lang=en&study_language=en

Related studies

FSD3063 Finnish Attitudes to Immigration: Iltalehti Survey 2015

3 1. Study description

Related material

Tutkimuksen toteutus [verkkodokumentti]. Helsinki: Taloustutkimus. Saatavissa: http://suomenkuvalehti.fi/wp- content/uploads/2015/09/Internet_paneeli_tutkimuksen-toteutustapa.pdf [viitattu 02.11.2015].

Location of the data collection

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Weighting

There are no weight variables in the data.

Restrictions

The dataset is (A) openly available for all users without registration (CC BY 4.0).

4 Chapter 2

Variables

[FSD_NO] FSD study number

Question

FSD study number

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 1000 minimum 3062.00 maximum 3062.00 mean 3062.00 standard deviation 0.00

[FSD_VR] FSD edition number

Question

FSD edition number

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 1000 minimum 2.00 maximum 2.00 mean 2.00 standard deviation 0.00

5 2. Variables

[FSD_ID] FSD case id

Question

FSD case id

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 1000 minimum 1.00 maximum 1000.00 mean 500.50 standard deviation 288.82

[FSD_LI] FSD license CC BY 4.0

Question

FSD license CC BY 4.0

[Q1] How do you feel about immigration policy?

Question

How do you feel about immigration policy?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % I hope there would be as many people as possible 1 73 7.3 7.3 from different countries with diverse appearances in Finland 2 75 7.5 7.5 3 139 13.9 13.9 4 105 10.5 10.5 5 185 18.5 18.5 6 94 9.4 9.4 7 107 10.7 10.7 8 102 10.2 10.2 9 40 4.0 4.0

(continued on next page)

6 Q2_2

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % I hope there would be as many native Finns as possi- 10 80 8.0 8.0 ble in Finland who share Finnish national values 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_1] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Swedes

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Swedes

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 17 1.7 1.7 Fairly undesirable 2 54 5.4 5.4 Fairly desirable 3 403 40.3 40.3 Very desirable 4 457 45.7 45.7 Can’t say 5 69 6.9 6.9 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_2] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Germans

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Germans

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 21 2.1 2.1 Fairly undesirable 2 55 5.5 5.5 Fairly desirable 3 433 43.3 43.3 Very desirable 4 425 42.5 42.5 Can’t say 5 66 6.6 6.6 1000 100.0 100.0

7 2. Variables

[Q2_3] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Russians

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Russians

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 243 24.3 24.3 Fairly undesirable 2 295 29.5 29.5 Fairly desirable 3 303 30.3 30.3 Very desirable 4 75 7.5 7.5 Can’t say 5 84 8.4 8.4 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_4] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Estonians

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Estonians

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 38 3.8 3.8 Fairly undesirable 2 154 15.4 15.4 Fairly desirable 3 475 47.5 47.5 Very desirable 4 261 26.1 26.1 Can’t say 5 72 7.2 7.2 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_5] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? People from the United States of America

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? People from the United States of America

8 Q2_7

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 22 2.2 2.2 Fairly undesirable 2 81 8.1 8.1 Fairly desirable 3 454 45.4 45.4 Very desirable 4 370 37.0 37.0 Can’t say 5 73 7.3 7.3 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_6] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Somalis

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Somalis

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 386 38.6 38.6 Fairly undesirable 2 259 25.9 25.9 Fairly desirable 3 190 19.0 19.0 Very desirable 4 64 6.4 6.4 Can’t say 5 101 10.1 10.1 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_7] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Iraqis

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Iraqis

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 290 29.0 29.0 Fairly undesirable 2 318 31.8 31.8

(continued on next page)

9 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Fairly desirable 3 218 21.8 21.8 Very desirable 4 67 6.7 6.7 Can’t say 5 107 10.7 10.7 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_8] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Afghans

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Afghans

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 301 30.1 30.1 Fairly undesirable 2 300 30.0 30.0 Fairly desirable 3 223 22.3 22.3 Very desirable 4 71 7.1 7.1 Can’t say 5 105 10.5 10.5 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_9] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Syrians

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Syrians

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 269 26.9 26.9 Fairly undesirable 2 303 30.3 30.3 Fairly desirable 3 240 24.0 24.0 Very desirable 4 73 7.3 7.3 Can’t say 5 115 11.5 11.5

(continued on next page)

10 Q2_11

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_10] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Chinese people

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Chinese people

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 72 7.2 7.2 Fairly undesirable 2 197 19.7 19.7 Fairly desirable 3 470 47.0 47.0 Very desirable 4 165 16.5 16.5 Can’t say 5 96 9.6 9.6 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_11] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Thai

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Thai

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 63 6.3 6.3 Fairly undesirable 2 196 19.6 19.6 Fairly desirable 3 493 49.3 49.3 Very desirable 4 153 15.3 15.3 Can’t say 5 95 9.5 9.5 1000 100.0 100.0

11 2. Variables

[Q2_12] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Ukrainians

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Ukrainians

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 113 11.3 11.3 Fairly undesirable 2 277 27.7 27.7 Fairly desirable 3 400 40.0 40.0 Very desirable 4 106 10.6 10.6 Can’t say 5 104 10.4 10.4 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_13] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Turks

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Turks

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 196 19.6 19.6 Fairly undesirable 2 326 32.6 32.6 Fairly desirable 3 301 30.1 30.1 Very desirable 4 73 7.3 7.3 Can’t say 5 104 10.4 10.4 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q2_14] How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by peo- ple of the following nationalities to Finland? Kosovans

Question

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Kosovans

12 Q3_2

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Very undesirable 1 156 15.6 15.6 Fairly undesirable 2 298 29.8 29.8 Fairly desirable 3 350 35.0 35.0 Very desirable 4 86 8.6 8.6 Can’t say 5 110 11.0 11.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q3_1] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following state- ments: Mental abilities of black Africans are poorer than those of white Westerners

Question

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Mental abilities of black Africans are poorer than those of white Westerners

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly disagree 1 576 57.6 57.6 Disagree to some extent 2 203 20.3 20.3 Agree to some extent 3 100 10.0 10.0 Strongly agree 4 53 5.3 5.3 Can’t say 5 68 6.8 6.8 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q3_2] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following state- ments: All people are equal regardless of the colour of their skin or their ethnic background

Question

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: All people are equal regardless of the colour of their skin or their ethnic background

Frequencies

13 2. Variables

label value n % v. % Strongly disagree 1 47 4.7 4.7 Disagree to some extent 2 42 4.2 4.2 Agree to some extent 3 203 20.3 20.3 Strongly agree 4 695 69.5 69.5 Can’t say 5 13 1.3 1.3 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q3_3] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following state- ments: The white European race must be prevented from mixing with darker races, because this will lead to eventual extinction of the original European population

Question

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: The white European race must be prevented from mixing with darker races, because this will lead to eventual extinction of the original European population

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Strongly disagree 1 632 63.2 63.2 Disagree to some extent 2 205 20.5 20.5 Agree to some extent 3 81 8.1 8.1 Strongly agree 4 48 4.8 4.8 Can’t say 5 34 3.4 3.4 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q3_4] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following state- ments: Different human races do not exist, because all humans are geneti- cally very alike

Question

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Different human races do not exist, because all humans are genetically very alike

Frequencies

(continued on next page)

14 BV1

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. %

label value n % v. % Strongly disagree 1 78 7.8 7.8 Disagree to some extent 2 135 13.5 13.5 Agree to some extent 3 322 32.2 32.2 Strongly agree 4 388 38.8 38.8 Can’t say 5 77 7.7 7.7 1000 100.0 100.0

[Q4] How do you feel about the way Finnish press treats the Finns Party (Perussuomalaiset). Has the media coverage of the Finns Party been...

Question

How do you feel about the way Finnish press treats the Finns Party (Perussuomalaiset). Has the media coverage of the Finns Party been...

Frequencies

label value n % v. % More negative than of other political parties 1 408 40.8 40.8 No more negative or positive than of other political 2 497 49.7 49.7 parties More positive than of other political parties 3 49 4.9 4.9 Can’t say 4 46 4.6 4.6 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV1] Weight variable

Question

Weight variable

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 1000 minimum 1.97 maximum 13.59

(continued on next page)

15 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

statistic value mean 4.28 standard deviation 2.17

[BV2] If the parliamentary elections were held now, the representative of which political party or group would you vote for?

Question

If the parliamentary elections were held now, the representative of which political party or group would you vote for?

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Finnish Social Democratic Party (SDP) 1 101 10.1 10.1 National Coalition Party (KOK) 2 205 20.5 20.5 Centre Party (KESK) 3 156 15.6 15.6 Left Alliance (VAS) 4 56 5.6 5.6 Swedish People’s Party in Finland (RKP) 5 33 3.3 3.3 Finns Party (PS) 6 102 10.2 10.2 Christian Democrats in Finland (KD) 7 18 1.8 1.8 Green League (VIHR) 8 126 12.6 12.6 Would not vote 9 36 3.6 3.6 Does not have the right to vote 10 1 0.1 0.1 Does not want to answer 11 45 4.5 4.5 Can’t say 12 106 10.6 10.6 Other 13 15 1.5 1.5 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV3] The respondent’s gender

Question

The respondent’s gender

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Male 1 570 57.0 57.0

(continued on next page)

16 BV5

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Female 2 430 43.0 43.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV4] The respondent’s age

Question

The respondent’s age

Descriptive statistics

statistic value number of valid cases 1000 minimum 16.00 maximum 79.00 mean 52.37 standard deviation 15.81

[BV5] The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3)

Question

The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Uusimaa 1 328 32.8 32.8 Finland proper (Varsinais-Suomi) 2 89 8.9 8.9 Satakunta 4 23 2.3 2.3 Tavastia proper (Kanta-Häme) 5 22 2.2 2.2 Pirkanmaa 6 103 10.3 10.3 Päijänne Tavastia (Päijät-Häme) 7 40 4.0 4.0 Kymenlaakso 8 29 2.9 2.9 South Karelia (Etelä-Karjala) 9 20 2.0 2.0 Southern Savonia (Etelä-Savo) 10 26 2.6 2.6 Northern Savonia (Pohjois-Savo) 11 49 4.9 4.9 Northern Karelia (Pohjois-Karjala) 12 30 3.0 3.0 Central Finland (Keski-Suomi) 13 55 5.5 5.5

(continued on next page)

17 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Southern Ostrobothnia (Etelä-Pohjanmaa) 14 39 3.9 3.9 Ostrobothnia (Pohjanmaa) 15 24 2.4 2.4 Central Ostrobothnia (Keski-Pohjanmaa) 16 7 0.7 0.7 Northern Ostrobothnia (Pohjois-Pohjanmaa) 17 78 7.8 7.8 Kainuu 18 13 1.3 1.3 Lapland (Lappi) 19 25 2.5 2.5 Can’t say 20 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV6] The respondent’s major region of residence (NUTS2)

Question

The respondent’s major region of residence (NUTS2)

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Helsinki-Uusimaa 1 328 32.8 32.8 Southern Finland (Etelä-Suomi) 2 200 20.0 20.0 Western Finland (Länsi-Suomi) 3 244 24.4 24.4 Northern and Eastern Finland (Pohjois- ja Itä-Suomi) 4 228 22.8 22.8 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV7] The respondent’s municipality of residence

Question

The respondent’s municipality of residence

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Helsinki 1 146 14.6 14.6 Espoo/Kauniainen/Vantaa 2 101 10.1 10.1 Other municipality in the capital area 3 46 4.6 4.6 Turku 4 47 4.7 4.7 Tampere 5 53 5.3 5.3 Other town with more than 50,000 inhabitants 6 227 22.7 22.7

(continued on next page)

18 BV9

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Other city/town 7 229 22.9 22.9 Other municipality 8 151 15.1 15.1 Can’t say 9 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV8] The respondent’s education

Question

The respondent’s education

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Primary education 1 92 9.2 9.2 Upper secondary education (vocational, technical, 2 203 20.3 20.3 commercial) Upper secondary education (general) 3 129 12.9 12.9 College level vocational education 4 188 18.8 18.8 Polytechnic education (post-secondary but below full 5 97 9.7 9.7 university degree) University or other higher education 6 291 29.1 29.1 Can’t say 7 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV9] The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status

Question

The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Entrepreneur, self-employed, own account worker 1 52 5.2 5.2 Higher managerial employee 2 39 3.9 3.9 Lower managerial/professional employee 3 172 17.2 17.2 Intermediate level employee (clerical, technical, ad- 4 140 14.0 14.0 min.)

(continued on next page)

19 2. Variables

(cont. from previous page)

label value n % v. % Worker 5 170 17.0 17.0 Farmer, agricultural occupations 6 12 1.2 1.2 Student, pupil 7 90 9.0 9.0 Pensioner/retired 8 266 26.6 26.6 Housewife/house husband, homemaker 9 9 0.9 0.9 Unemployed 10 50 5.0 5.0 Can’t say 11 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV10] The respondent’s household composition

Question

The respondent’s household composition

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Single household (one adult living alone) 1 273 27.3 27.3 Married/cohabiting couple with no children 2 256 25.6 25.6 Other household with adults only (all aged over 18) 3 215 21.5 21.5 Household with children aged under 18 years 4 256 25.6 25.6 Can’t say 5 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV11_1] Ages of children living in the household: 0-2 years

Question

Ages of children living in the household: 0-2 years

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not mentioned 0 941 94.1 94.1 Mentioned 1 59 5.9 5.9 1000 100.0 100.0

20 BV11_4

[BV11_2] Ages of children living in the household: 3-6 years

Question

Ages of children living in the household: 3-6 years

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not mentioned 0 929 92.9 92.9 Mentioned 1 71 7.1 7.1 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV11_3] Ages of children living in the household: 7-12 years

Question

Ages of children living in the household: 7-12 years

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not mentioned 0 885 88.5 88.5 Mentioned 1 115 11.5 11.5 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV11_4] Ages of children living in the household: 13-15 years

Question

Ages of children living in the household: 13-15 years

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not mentioned 0 920 92.0 92.0 Mentioned 1 80 8.0 8.0 1000 100.0 100.0

21 2. Variables

[BV11_5] Ages of children living in the household: 16-17 years

Question

Ages of children living in the household: 16-17 years

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not mentioned 0 936 93.6 93.6 Mentioned 1 64 6.4 6.4 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV11_6] Ages of children living in the household: No children under 18 living in the household

Question

Ages of children living in the household: No children under 18 living in the household

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not mentioned 0 284 28.4 28.4 Mentioned 1 716 71.6 71.6 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV11_7] Ages of children living in the household: Can’t say

Question

Ages of children living in the household: Can’t say

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Not mentioned 0 976 97.6 97.6 Mentioned 1 24 2.4 2.4 1000 100.0 100.0

22 BV14

[BV12] The respondent’s household size

Question

The respondent’s household size

Frequencies

label value n % v. % 1 person 1 274 27.4 27.4 2 persons 2 429 42.9 42.9 3 persons 3 140 14.0 14.0 4 persons 4 108 10.8 10.8 5 people or more 5 49 4.9 4.9 Can’t say 7 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV13] The total gross annual income of the respondent’s household

Question

The total gross annual income of the respondent’s household

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Under 10,000 euros/year 1 50 5.0 5.0 10,000 - 20,000 euros/year 2 86 8.6 8.6 20,001 - 30,000 euros/year 3 97 9.7 9.7 30,001 - 40,000 euros/year 4 128 12.8 12.8 40,001 - 50,000 euros/year 5 137 13.7 13.7 50,001 - 60,000 euros/year 6 123 12.3 12.3 60,001 - 70,000 euros/year 7 87 8.7 8.7 70,001 - 80,000 euros/year 8 65 6.5 6.5 80,001 - 90,000 euros/year 9 49 4.9 4.9 Over 90,000 euros/year 10 79 7.9 7.9 Don’t want to answer 11 99 9.9 9.9 Can’t say 12 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

[BV14] The respondent’s type of accommodation

Question

The respondent’s type of accommodation

23 2. Variables

Frequencies

label value n % v. % Detached house 1 386 38.6 38.6 Row house/Semi-detached house 2 212 21.2 21.2 Block of flats 3 402 40.2 40.2 Can’t say 4 0 0.0 0.0 1000 100.0 100.0

24 Chapter 3

Indexes

3.1 Variables in the order of occurrence

FSD study number [FSD_NO] ...... 5 FSD edition number [FSD_VR] ...... 5 FSD case id [FSD_ID] ...... 6 FSD license CC BY 4.0 [FSD_LI] ...... 6 How do you feel about immigration policy? [Q1] ...... 6 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Swedes [Q2_1] ...... 7 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Germans [Q2_2] ...... 7 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Russians [Q2_3] ...... 8 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Estonians [Q2_4] ...... 8 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? People from the United States of America [Q2_5] ...... 8 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Somalis [Q2_6] ...... 9 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Iraqis [Q2_7] ...... 9 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Afghans [Q2_8] ...... 10 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Syrians [Q2_9] ...... 10 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Chinese people [Q2_10] ...... 11

25 3. Indexes

How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Thai [Q2_11] ...... 11 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Ukrainians [Q2_12] ...... 12 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Turks [Q2_13] ...... 12 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Kosovans [Q2_14] ...... 12 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Mental abilities of black Africans are poorer than those of white Westerners [Q3_1] ...... 13 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: All people are equal regardless of the colour of their skin or their ethnic background [Q3_2] ...... 13 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: The white European race must be prevented from mixing with darker races, because this will lead to eventual extinction of the original European population [Q3_3] ...... 14 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Different human races do not exist, because all humans are genetically very alike [Q3_4] ...... 14 How do you feel about the way Finnish press treats the Finns Party (Perussuomalaiset). Has the media coverage of the Finns Party been... [Q4] ...... 15 Weight variable [BV1] ...... 15 If the parliamentary elections were held now, the representative of which political party or group would you vote for? [BV2] ...... 16 The respondent’s gender [BV3] ...... 16 The respondent’s age [BV4] ...... 17 The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3) [BV5] ...... 17 The respondent’s major region of residence (NUTS2) [BV6] ...... 18 The respondent’s municipality of residence [BV7] ...... 18 The respondent’s education [BV8] ...... 19 The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status [BV9] ...... 19 The respondent’s household composition [BV10] ...... 20 Ages of children living in the household: 0-2 years [BV11_1] ...... 20 Ages of children living in the household: 3-6 years [BV11_2] ...... 21 Ages of children living in the household: 7-12 years [BV11_3] ...... 21 Ages of children living in the household: 13-15 years [BV11_4] ...... 21 Ages of children living in the household: 16-17 years [BV11_5] ...... 22 Ages of children living in the household: No children under 18 living in the household [BV11_6] 22 Ages of children living in the household: Can’t say [BV11_7] ...... 22

26 3.1. Variables in the order of occurrence

The respondent’s household size [BV12] ...... 23 The total gross annual income of the respondent’s household [BV13] ...... 23 The respondent’s type of accommodation [BV14] ...... 23

27 3. Indexes

3.2 Variables in alphabetical order

Ages of children living in the household: 0-2 years ...... 20 Ages of children living in the household: 13-15 years ...... 21 Ages of children living in the household: 16-17 years ...... 22 Ages of children living in the household: 3-6 years ...... 21 Ages of children living in the household: 7-12 years ...... 21 Ages of children living in the household: Can’t say ...... 22 Ages of children living in the household: No children under 18 living in the household . . . . 22 FSDcaseid ...... 6 FSD edition number ...... 5 FSD license CC BY 4.0 ...... 6 FSD study number ...... 5 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Afghans ...... 10 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Chinese people ...... 11 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Estonians ...... 8 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Germans ...... 7 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Iraqis ...... 9 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Kosovans ...... 12 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? People from the United States of America ...... 8 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Russians ...... 8 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Somalis ...... 9 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Swedes ...... 7 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Syrians ...... 10 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Thai ...... 11 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation-

28 3.2. Variables in alphabetical order alities to Finland? Turks ...... 12 How desirable or undesirable do you consider immigration by people of the following nation- alities to Finland? Ukrainians ...... 12 How do you feel about immigration policy? ...... 6 How do you feel about the way Finnish press treats the Finns Party (Perussuomalaiset). Has the media coverage of the Finns Party been...... 15 If the parliamentary elections were held now, the representative of which political party or group would you vote for? ...... 16 The respondent’s age ...... 17 The respondent’s economic activity and occupational status ...... 19 The respondent’s education ...... 19 The respondent’s gender ...... 16 The respondent’s household composition ...... 20 The respondent’s household size ...... 23 The respondent’s major region of residence (NUTS2) ...... 18 The respondent’s municipality of residence ...... 18 The respondent’s region of residence (NUTS3) ...... 17 The respondent’s type of accommodation ...... 23 The total gross annual income of the respondent’s household ...... 23 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: All people are equal regardless of the colour of their skin or their ethnic background ...... 13 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Different human races do not exist, because all humans are genetically very alike ...... 14 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Mental abilities of black Africans are poorer than those of white Westerners ...... 13 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: The white European race must be prevented from mixing with darker races, because this will lead to eventual extinction of the original European population ...... 14 Weight variable ...... 15

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