DOCSLIB.ORG

PEACE-KEEPING and PEACE-MAKING 9 Peace-Keeping

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PEACE-KEEPING and PEACE-MAKING 9 Peace-Keeping Please see the Cover and Contents in the last pages of this e-Book Online Study Materials on PEACE-KEEPING AND PEACE-MAKING 9 Peace-keeping The term “peace-keeping operation” does not occur in the United Nations Charter. It came into general usage only in the 1960s, to describe a concept and practice that had evolved out of necessity. This happened because, soon after the creation of the United Nations in 1945, it was clear that some of the means provided in the Charter to maintain international peace could not be applied because of the cold-war confrontation among the permanent members of the Security Council. Thus, instead of the strongest countries using their joint military might to enforce world peace, as the Charter envisaged, the United Nations began to field military observer missions and, later, lightly armed forces drawn normally from medium and small powers. Though the League of Nations used a similar technique (sending a 3,300-member multilateral force to be present during the 1935 plebiscite to decide the fate of the Saar Valley), peace-keeping operations are a genuine innovation of the United Nations. Sent with the agreement of the parties in conflict, the United Nations personnel aim not to enforce peace but to contain explosive situations and give peace a chance. They are essentially a holding action, designed to halt or control a conflict while concerted efforts are made to bring the warring parties to the negotiating table or otherwise provide the time and create the climate necessary to bring about a peaceful settlement. The definition of a peace-keeping operation as used in the Secretary-General’s reports is that of an operation involving military personnel, but without enforcement powers, established by the United Nations to help maintain or restore peace in areas of conflict. Such operations fall broadly into two main categories: observer missions and peace-keeping forces. In either form they operate under 370 the same basic principles. They are established by the Security Council and, exceptionally, by the General Assembly, and they are directed by the Secretary-General. They must have the consent of the host Governments and, normally, also that of other parties directly involved. The military personnel required are provided by Member States on a voluntary basis. The military observers are not armed and, while the soldiers of United Nations peace-keeping forces are provided with light weapons, they are not authorised to use force except in self-defence. The operations must not interfere in the internal affairs of the host country and must not be used in any way to favour one party against another in conflicts affecting Member States. Another requirement of peace-keeping is a broad political consensus among the membership for its mandate and continued functioning. Also fundamental is the need for the continuing support not only of the countries or parties principally concerned in the conflict but also of the States contributing troops. Besides support, there must be co-operation. Since the peace- keepers have no capacity for enforcement and their use of force is limited to self-defence— as a last resort—any determined party could effectively defy a peace-keeping force. Peace-keeping operations have usually been employed in regional conflicts. They fulfil the role of an impartial and objective third party to help create and maintain a ceasefire and form a buffer zone between opposing forces. They have become an important instrument of the United Nations, particularly the Security Council, in preventing local or regional conflicts from escalating. Ground rules and other arrangements for the organisation and conduct of a peace-keeping operation have not so far been formally established. The typical United Nations peace-keeping operation has had to improvise from the outset. There have been 13 peace-keeping operations (the international force in Korea was an enforcement action and was not under United Nations control). Over the last four decades, 664 men have given their lives in keeping the peace for the United Nations. The first peace-keeping operation established by the United Nations was an observer mission, the United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation (UNTSO), set up in Palestine in June 1948. Later, other observer missions were set up: the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) in 1949, the United Nations Peace-keeping 371 Observation Group in Lebanon (UNOGIL) in 1958, the United Nations Yemen Observation Mission (UNYOM) in 1963, the United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission (UNIPOM) in 1965, and the Mission of the Representative of the Secretary-General in the Dominican Republic (DOMREP), also in 1965. Of these, UNTSO and UNMOGIP are still in operation. There have been in all, seven peace-keeping forces. The first was the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF I), which was in operation in the Egypt-Israel sector from November 1956 until June 1967. The United Nations Force in the Congo was deployed in the Republic of the Congo (now Zaire) from July 1960 until June 1964. The United Nations Security Force in West Irian (UNSF) was in operation from October 1962 until May 1963. The second United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF II) functioned from October 1973 until July 1979. The other three forces, which are still in operation, are the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP), established in March 1964; the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF), established in the Syrian Golan Heights in June 1974; and the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), established in March, 1978. Truce Supervision Organisation The first United Nations peace-keeping operation was the United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation (UNTSO), set up in 1948 to supervise the truce called for by the Security Council in Palestine during the first Arab-Israeli war. UNTSO played a pioneering role in the Middle East, the functions of its observers changing as the situation changed in the areas they covered. UNTSO personnel have also been available at short notice to form the nucleus of other peace-keeping operations and have remained to assist those operations. While UNTSO was initially used in supervising the original truce of 1948, its function was radically altered in 1949 with the conclusion of four General Armistice Agreements between Israel and the four neighbouring Arab countries. Its main responsibility then was to assist the parties in supervising the application and observance of those Agreements. Its headquarters was established at Government House in Jerusalem, where it remains today. While Israel has denounced the General Armistice Agreements, following the 1956 and 1967 wars, this unilateral action has not been recognised by the United Nations and the machinery of supervision has been retained, although it is not being used at present. 372 In the wars of 1956, 1967, 1973 and 1982, UNTSO observers remained on the ceasefire lines, often under fire, performing an invaluable service as go-betweens and often preventing isolated incidents from escalating into larger conflicts. Following the 1967 war, UNTSO established two ceasefire observation operations, in the Israel- Syria sector and in the Suez Canal zone. In 1972 a similar operation was set up in southern Lebanon. When peacekeeping forces were later deployed, in the Sinai in 1973, on the Golan Heights in 1974 and in southern Lebanon in 1978, UNTSO observers were attached to the new forces to assist them. Today, UNTSO observers continue to be assigned to the last two of these forces which are still in operation. In addition, a group of UNTSO observers has remained in the Sinai to maintain a United Nations presence. There is also a group of observers in Beirut. UNTSO has also made available observers to other United Nations operations not connected with the Arab-Israeli conflict. In June 1984, the Governments of Iran and Iraq, in response to an appeal by the Secretary-General, undertook to refrain from initiating military attacks on purely civilian population centres in either country. The Secretary- General, with the agreement of the two countries, set up two observer teams, based in Teheran and Baghdad, each composed of three military observers and a civilian political adviser, to verify compliance. (See also the section on Iran and Iraq in chapter eleven). UNTSO reached its maximum strength of 572 observers in 1948. In 1985 it had an authorised strength of 298 observers, provided by Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, the Soviet Union and the United States. Observer Missions in India and Pakistan Less than a year after UNTSO was established, a new group of military observers was formed to supervise the cessation of hostilities in Jammu and Kashmir. Under the scheme of partition provided by the Indian Independence Act of 1947, the State of Jammu and Kashmir was free to accede to India or Pakistan. The accession became a matter of dispute between the two countries, and fighting broke out later that year. The question first came before the Security Council in January 1948, when India complained that tribesmen and others were invading Kashmir and that extensive fighting was taking place. India charged that Pakistan was assisting and participating in the invasion. Pakistan Peace-keeping 373 denied India’s charges and declared that Kashmir’s accession to India following India’s independence in 1947 was illegal. In January 1949, a ceasefire came into effect, and the military observers, who were subsequently organised as the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP), were deployed to assist in its observance. In July 1949, India and Pakistan concluded the Karachi Agreement, which was negotiated under United Nations auspices. The agreement established a ceasefire line and prohibited strengthening of defences or increase of forces in certain areas.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bab Iv Motif Hias Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang
    Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang Sebagai Bagian dari Destinasi Wisata di Sumatera Barat Oleh M. Nasrul Kamal i ii Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang Sebagai Bagian dari Destinasi Wisata di Sumatera Barat Dr. M. Nasrul Kamal, M. Sn. 2018 iii Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 19 Tahun 2002 Tentang Hak Cipta Pasal 72 Ketentuan Pidana Saksi Pelanggaran 1. Barangsiapa dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak mengumumkan atau memperbanyak suatu Ciptaan atau memberi izin untuk itu, dipidana dengan pidana penjara palng singkat 1 (satu) bulan dan/atau denda paling sedikit Rp 1.000.000,00 (satu juta rupiah), atau pidana penjara paling lama 7 (tujuh) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp. 5.000.000.000,00 (lima milyar rupiah) 2. Barangsiapa dengan sengaja menyerahkan, menyiarkan, memamer- kan, mengedarkan, atau menjual kepada umum suatu Ciptaan atau barang hasil pelanggaran Hak Cipta atau Hak Terkait sebagaimana dimaksud dalam ayat (1), dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp 500.000.000,00 (lima ratus juta rupiah). iv Kamal, M. Nasrul Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang sebagai Destinasi Wisata SB Penerbitan dan Percetakan. CV Berkah Prima Alamat: Jalan Datuk Perpatih Nan Sabatang, 287, Air Mati, Solok Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Editor, Nasbahry C., & Rahadian Z. Penerbit CV.Berkah Prima, Padang, 2018 1 (satu) jilid; total halaman 217 + xxiv ISBN: 978-602-5994-06-7 1. Kerajinan 2. Perak 3. Kotogadang, Pariwisata 1. Judul Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang Sebagai Bagian dari Destinasi Wisata di Sumatera Barat Hak Cipta dilindungi oleh undang-undang. Dilarang memperbanyak atau memindahkan sebagian atau seluruh isi buku ini dalam bentuk apapun.
    [Show full text]
  • Report Security Council
    REPORT OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL 16 June 1976 -15 June 1977 GENERAL ASSEMBLY OFFICIAL RECORDS: THIRTY-SECOND SESSION SUPPLEMENT No. 2 (A/32/2) UNITED NATIONS - REPORT OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL 16 June 1976 -15 June 1977 GENERAL ASSEMBLY OFFICIAL RECORDS: THIRTY-SECOND SESSION SUPPLEMENT No. 2 (A/32i2) UNITED NATIONS New York, 1977 .----------- ............_..,,__...........iiiiii:""""=~_"""" -=~=>=== NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters com­ bined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. Documents of the Security Council (symbol SI . .. ) are normally published in quarterly Supplements of the Official Records of the Security Council. The date of the document indicates the supplement in which it appears or in which infor­ mation about it is given. The resolutions of the Security Council, numbered in accordance with a system adopted in 1964, are published in yearly volumes of Resolutions and Decisions of the Security Council. The new system, which has been applied retro­ actively to resolutions adopted before 1 January 1965, became fully operative on that date. [Original: Chinese/English/French/Russian/Spanish] [29 November 1977] CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1 Part I Questions considered by tbe Security Council under its responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security Chapter 1. QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE MIDDLE EAST ••••••••••.•••••••••••••• 2 A. The situation in the Middle East .. .. ... .. 2 B. The question of the exercise by the Palestinian people of its inalienable rights , " , , .. 7 C. The situation in the occupied Arab territories 8 2. QUESTIONS RELATING TO SOUTHERN AFRICA. •. •• •••• .• .• .• ••• . •• • ••• 10 A. Situation in South Africa: killings and violence by the apartheid regime in South Africa in Soweto and other areas , .
    [Show full text]
  • Peacekeeping Operations and Other Missions - UNEF II
    UN Secretariat Item Scan - Barcode - Record Title Page 31 Date 14/06/2006 Time 9:23:23 AM S-0899-0003-12-00001 Expanded Number S-0899-0003-12-00001 Title items-in-Middle East - peacekeeping operations and other missions - UNEF II Date Created 21/01/1976 Record Type Archival Item Container s-0899-0003: Peacekeeping - Middle East 1945-1981 Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit ITED NATIONS Distr. GENERAL S/REEA38 (1978) COUNCIL W^W 23 October 1978 RESOLUTION ^38 (1978) Adopted by the Security Council, at its 2091st meeting on -23 October 1976 The Security Council, Recalling its resolutions 338 (1973), 3^0 (1973), 3^1 (1973), 3^6 (1971*), 362 (197^), 368 (1975), 371 (1975), 378 (1975), 396 (1976) and Ul6 (1977), Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Ernergency Force (S/12897), Recalling the Secretary-General's view that the situation in the Middle East as a vhole continues to be unstable and potentially dangerous and is likely to remain so unless and until a comprehensive settlement covering all aspects of the Middle East problem can be reached, and his hope that urgent efforts will be pursued by all concerned to tackle the problem in all its aspects, with a view both to maintaining quiet in the region and to arriving at a just and durable peace settlement, as called for by the Security Council in its resolution 338 (1973), 1. Decides to renew the mandate of the United Nations Emergency Force for a period of nine months, that is, until 2U July 1979', 2.
    [Show full text]
  • The Contribution of Two Yohanas Oemar Signs in Contingen Garuda Viii in the Middle East 1978-1979
    THE CONTRIBUTION OF TWO YOHANAS OEMAR SIGNS IN CONTINGEN GARUDA VIII IN THE MIDDLE EAST 1978-1979 Fitri Elna, Drs. Ridwan Melay, M.Hum, Bunari, S.Pd., M.Si, Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Phone Number: 082384664451 History Education Program Department of Social Sciences Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Riau University Abstract: Yohanas Oemar is a Struggling Learner in Developing Education. In order to fulfill his desire to deepen his knowledge, he willingly tried to persevere and to get what he wanted, as long as the status of students at the University of Riau, he also active in various Campus Organizations, as a student at the Faculty of University of Riau he followed the entrance to the University Student Regiment Riau and became a Member of the Student Regiment. From Member of Student Regiment he got the Opportunity to join Candidate School in Bandung Pangalengan, Yohanas Oemar Graduated School of Candidate with the rank of Second Sergeant, He also get the Opportunity to Contribute to Middle East Peace Sinai joined in Garuda Indonesia Ind Bat Force under UN auspices . And He is in Nobat As Veteran of Peace. This study aims to find out the biography of Yohanas Oemar, Sgt Sergeant's Contribution Two Garuda VIII Contingent as UN Peacekeepers in the Middle East, knowing the end of Yohanas Oemar's Struggle. The method used is the Method of History, namely by using Interview Techniques, Techniques Library Studies, and Documentation. The result of this research is that Yohanas Oemar was born in Strait of Panjang Meranti on 07 Mai 1956 and died on June 25, 2017 is buried in Kahluma Dharma Pahlawan Pekanbaru.
    [Show full text]
  • Vol L. No. 2. Desember
    Voll. No.2. Desember VeteranMendambakan Damai karena Mengenal Perang -,p VrruRm Salam Redaksi Maialah Veteran No. 2. ini Daftar Isi diterbitkan dengantetap menjelaskan keadazn dan kegiztzn palr^ Veteran SalamRedaksi dan organisasinya Legiun Veteran Amandemen UUD'45 Harus Dikaji Ulang Republik Indonesia, di samping LVRI 54 Tahun menyampaikan pikiran-pikiran dan LVRI SiapkanUji Materi Undang-UndangNo.20l2009 11 hanpan-harapan p^ra Veteran. Pembantaianoleh NICA di TemanggungTahun 1948/1949 1,4 Sejarah Perjuangan Bangsa, baik Pertempuran di Bangka Belitung 18 pembant^t^nNICA di Temanggung, Pertempuran Margarana di Bali 21 Pertempuran di Bangka Belitung dan Desa Marga, Bali serta liputan LVRI Peringati Hari Pahlawan kegiatan-kegiatan dalam nngka Tali Asih untuk Veteran peringatan 10 Nopember 2010 Pahlawanitu ditenrukan oleh Sflaktudan Tempat dengan berbagzt m^c^m kegiatan Veterandalam Gambar 29 sosialnya merupakan beberapa di \Telcome Cambodia 33 antarany^. Lebih khusus adalah Konferensi InternasionalKe-7 WVF di Paris 36 mengenaiHUT LVRI ke-54. Medali WVF untuk D. Ashari 39 Sebagai harapan kami kepada Afganistan pembaca, apabtla mempunyai Hati yang Tenang catatan-catatan, i de-id e, p engalaman- 45 pengalaman atau-pun tulisan-tulisan Hidayat Tokoh di Balik PDRI y^ng bersifat perjuangan, sangat Obrolan Masalah ESB @konomi, Sosialdan Budaya) diharapkan untuk menambah isi HIPVI Tetap Eksis Majalah Veteran terbitan selanjutnya. Ragam Kehidupan Semoga majalah ini dapat SKEP Hymne Veteran memenuhiharapan pan pembaca. Hymne Veteran 55 Himawan Soetanto, Prajurit Kujang Asal Magetan, Telah Tiada 56 Redaksi Gugur Bunga PenerbitDEWAN PIMPINAN PUSAT LVRI, DPP LVRI . GedungVeteran Rl "GrahaPurna Yudha" Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Kav. 50 Jakarta12930 . Telp.(021 ) 5254105,5252449, 25536744 . Fax. (021 ) 5254137Pembinal PenasehatRais Abin - KetuaUmum DPP LVRI, Gatot Suwardi - Wakil KetuaUmum I DPPLVRI, HBL.
    [Show full text]
  • 46C3029050c42e1e916cffe5fc65
    MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIRMAN The coming 2009 elections have contributed quite a force in this year’syear’s activitiesactivities at The Habibie Center. It is the moment for leadership change and acceleration of the consolidation of democracy. A general election is a democratic instrument to select leaders that will serve in both the legislative and executive bodies. It also becomes an important medium for the development of a democratic political culture in society. The 2009 General elections are expected to present a national leader that can guide the nation to solve various problems, overcome crises and usher in a new and better era. Through 2008, in the midst of the extremely dynamic political and economic envi- ronment in Indonesia as well as in the world, The Habibie Center has succeeded in implementing fruitful programs and producing useful research and publications. The consolidation of various institutions under the Center was proven useful for the Center’s 2008 activities and undoubtedly will provide a stronger foundation for future programs and activities. As our commitment for the process of democratization must be held, The Habibie Center has made sure that the routine programs that focused on issues of democ- racy and human rights continued. Issues ranging from politics, legal reform, media, justice and human rights to information technology and education became the focus of the numerous discussions, seminars and workshops held by the Center. These discussions were held not only within the national scope but also internationally with the cooperation of our international partners from Asia, Europe and all over the world. In nine years, The Habibie Center has succeeded in accomplishing a number of important activities and it will continue to conduct activities on efforts to uphold the values and principles of human rights, democracy and good governance in Indonesia.
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Education and Social Science Research
    International Journal of Education and Social Science Research ISSN 2581-5148 Vol. 4, No. 04; July-Aug 2021 ARRANGEMENT OF THE POSITION OF DIVISION COMMAND FOR HIGHER OFFICERS IN THE MONUSCO UNITED NATIONS MISSION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF STRENGTHENING INDONESIAN DEFENSE DIPLOMACY Soegeng¹, Rodon Pedrason², Sutrimo Sumarlan³ and Tofan Hermawan⁴ 1Graduate School, Faculty of Defense Strategy, Indonesia Defense University, Jl. Sentul - Citeureup, Sentul, Kec. Citeureup, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810, Indonesia 2Senior Lecturer of Graduate School, Indonesia Defense University, Jl. Sentul - Citeureup, Sentul, Kec. Citeureup, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810, Indonesia 3Senior Lecturer of Graduate School, Indonesia Defense University, Jl. Sentul - Citeureup, Sentul, Kec. Citeureup, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810, Indonesia 4Graduate School, Faculty of Defense Strategy, Indonesia Defense University, Jl. Sentul - Citeureup, Sentul, Kec. Citeureup, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16810, Indonesia DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37500/IJESSR.2021.4407 ABSTRACT Based on the phenomenon, the problem is that the defense diplomacy executing agency has done the best in the United Nations for all missions. However, it creates a gap because there is one mission whose Division Commander has never been served by the TNI, namely MONUSCO. The formulation of research problems on the effect of strengthening Indonesia's defense diplomacy on the arrangement of the position of Division Commander at the United Nations on the MONUSCO mission for TNI High Officers? Basis for Resolution 1925/2010 MONUSCO, Permenlu No.1 / 2017 Roadmap 4,000 peacekeepers, Preamble of the 1945 Constitution, Indonesian Foreign Policy, Law No.34 / 2004 OMSP TNI, Skep Commander TNI No.4 / I / 2007 PMPP TNI. "The sending of UN troops is a real example of a global partnership (Retno Marsudi: 2019).
    [Show full text]
  • The Contribution of Two Yohanas Oemar Signs in Contingen Garuda Viii in the Middle East 1978-1979
    THE CONTRIBUTION OF TWO YOHANAS OEMAR SIGNS IN CONTINGEN GARUDA VIII IN THE MIDDLE EAST 1978-1979 Fitri Elna, Drs. Ridwan Melay, M.Hum, Bunari, S.Pd., M.Si, Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Phone Number: 082384664451 History Education Program Department of Social Sciences Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Riau University Abstract: Yohanas Oemar is a Struggling Learner in Developing Education. In order to fulfill his desire to deepen his knowledge, he willingly tried to persevere and to get what he wanted, as long as the status of students at the University of Riau, he also active in various Campus Organizations, as a student at the Faculty of University of Riau he followed the entrance to the University Student Regiment Riau and became a Member of the Student Regiment. From Member of Student Regiment he got the Opportunity to join Candidate School in Bandung Pangalengan, Yohanas Oemar Graduated School of Candidate with the rank of Second Sergeant, He also get the Opportunity to Contribute to Middle East Peace Sinai joined in Garuda Indonesia Ind Bat Force under UN auspices . And He is in Nobat As Veteran of Peace. This study aims to find out the biography of Yohanas Oemar, Sgt Sergeant's Contribution Two Garuda VIII Contingent as UN Peacekeepers in the Middle East, knowing the end of Yohanas Oemar's Struggle. The method used is the Method of History, namely by using Interview Techniques, Techniques Library Studies, and Documentation. The result of this research is that Yohanas Oemar was born in Strait of Panjang Meranti on 07 Mai 1956 and died on June 25, 2017 is buried in Kahluma Dharma Pahlawan Pekanbaru.
    [Show full text]
  • Ÿþm Icrosoft W
    REPORT REPORT OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL 16 June 1978-15 June 1979 GENERAL ASSEMBLY OFFICIAL RECORDS: THIRTY-FOURTH SESSION SUPPLEMENT No. 2 (A/34/2) UNITED NATIONS New York, 1980 NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. Documents of the Security Council (symbol S/...) are normally published in quarterly Supplements of the Official Records of the Security Council. The date of the document indicates the supplement in which it appears or in which information about it is given. The resolutions of the Security Council, numbered in accordance with a system adopted in 1964, are published in yearly volumes of Resolutions and D5ecisions of the Security Council. The new system, which has been applied retroactively to resolutions adopted before 1 January 1965, became fully operative on that date. [Original: Chinese/English/FrenchlRussian/Spanish ] 7 December 1979] CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1 Part I Questions considered by the Security Council under its responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security Chapter I. THE SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST .......................................... 2 A. United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon and developments in the IsraelLebanon sector ...................................................... 2 B. United Nations Emergency Force ..................................... 11 C. United Nations Disengagement Observer Force ......................... II D. The situation in the occupied Arab territories ........................... 13 E. Question of the exercise by the Palestinian people of its inalienable rights.. 17 F. Communications and reports concerning other aspects of the situation in the M iddle East ......................................................... 18 2. THE SITUATION IN CYPRUS .................................................... 19 A.
    [Show full text]
  • ISEAS Staff 103 IV
    '· . ' v . ·, " ANNUAL REPORT 1988-89 INSTITUTE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES SINGAPORE •" - . L5ER5 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies was established as an autonomous organization in May 1968. It is a regional research centre for scholars and other specialists concerned with modern Southeast Asia, particularly the many-faceted problems of stability and security, economic devel­ opment, and political and social change. The Institute is governed by a twenty-two-member Board of Trustees comprising nominees from the Singapore Government, the National University of Singapore, the various Chambers of Commerce, and professional and civic organizations. A ten-man Executive Committee over­ sees day-to-day operations; it is chaired by the Director, the Institute's chief academic and administrative officer. The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapore 0511. I5'EII5 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies CONTENTS Introduction 1 Board of Trustees 2 Regional Advisory Council 3 Staff 5 Research Fellowships 8 Visiting Fellowships and Associateships 15 Research 15 Regional Programmes 54 Conferences, Seminars, Workshops, and Lectures 73 The Singapore Lecture 84 Publications Unit 88 Library 93 Finance 98 Accommodation 99 Conclusion 99 Appendices I. Board of Trustees 101 II. Committees 102 Ill. ISEAS Staff 103 IV. !SEAS Research Fellows 108 V. Occasional and In-House Seminars 118 VI. !SEAS Titles in Print 121 VII. Donations and Grants Received 135 Auditors' Report 136 Index 149 ASEAN ECONOMIC BULLETIN _ ... =-$t~,.,....- _,_,.,.~~JIU..~- ""' _ _. ....::.~---u-· ............ ~~::r~·~_.-- -w::;~:!'=-:..:=-... JI$Sp;oaAJ;II:I \ 988 p<ll_...-_... .. j$}11_~......--- H•I\~III'l~-~ ___,aJJIOI_~- .,_0!11_.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Items-In-Middle East - Other Countries - General
    UN Secretariat Item Scan - Barcode - Record Title Page 21 Date 29/06/2006 Time 9:52:52 AM S-0899-0012-08-00001 Expanded Number S-0899-0012-08-00001 Title items-in-Middle East - other countries - general Date Created 04/10/1977 Record Type Archival Item Container S-0899-0012: Peacekeeping - Middle East 1945-1981 Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit ROUTING SLIP FICHE DE TRANSMISSION FROM/L /, /, /-> ' DE: ttu^^L. - 6^^^-K /W-/1£f Room tsio. — No de bureau Extension — Posts Date \ 1 SUC, i&> Itfai, yCCUL> j /f'^GL .j.'~ xfSSkt /L3r«i- & 1 FOR ACTION / POUR SUITE A DONNER FOR APPROVAL POUR APPROBATION FOR SIGNATURE POUR SIGNATURE FOR COMMENTS POUR OBSERVATIONS MAY WE DISCUSS? POURRIONS-NOUS EN PARLER ? YOUR ATTENTION VOTRE ATTENTION AS DISCUSSED COMME CONVENU AS REQUESTED SUITE A VOTRE DEMANDS NOTE AND RETURN NOTER ET RETOURNER FOR INFORMATION POUR INFORMATION COM.6 (2-78) STATEMENT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN (DECEMBER 16, 1981) According to the reports of the international news media the Israeli Knesset in December 14, endorsed a decision taken by the Israeli Cabinet to establish an Israeli administration of the Golan Heights. This move can not be interpreted in any other way but as outright annexation of the territory seized by the Israeli aggressor from Syria in 1967 and illegally occupied since that time in contravention of the relevant resolutions of the United Nations. The Arab peoples, their friends and all progressive people all over the world were stunned by this outrageous decision of Israeli, war-mongering ruling clique taken in complete and flagrant disregard of the relevant security council and other United Nations resolutions related to the situation in the Middle East.
    [Show full text]
  • “VECONAC FOREVER, FOREVER VECONAC” Secretary-General's Report VECONAC 19Th General Assembly Phnom Penh, 10 December 2019
    “VECONAC FOREVER, FOREVER VECONAC” Secretary-General’s Report VECONAC 19th General Assembly Phnom Penh, 10 December 2019 Respect to: - His Excellency General KUN KIM, Senior Minister and President of VECONAC - Vice Presidents of VECONAC - Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen In the occasion of VECONAC 19th General Assembly, on behalf of the Secretariat of VECONAC-CAMBODIA 2019, I would like to report the activities of members and VECONAC Secretariat’s performance starting from 01st January to 10th December 2019 as follows: 1. The 32nd Executive Board Meeting and 19th General Assembly 1.1. Honorably and historically, Samdech Akkak Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia as President of the Cambodia Veteran Association, highly presides over the opening ceremony of the VECONAC 19th General Assembly at the Peace Palace, Phnom Penh, Kingdom of Cambodia. 1.2. The number of the participants, who are President, Vice Presidents, Delegates of the VECONAC Members and the Working Group of the VECONAC- CAMBODIA Secretariat 2019,totals ……., of which ……. are women. 1.3. The 32nd Executive Board Meeting went successfully and delightfully with …. principles have been achieved for the 19th General Assembly’s review and decision. 2. Updates on the VECONAC Member Associations 1. Veterans Association of Royal Brunei Armed Forces (VARBAF) is led by His Excellency Pehin Dato Padukaraja Major General (R) Dato Paduka Seri Haji Shari Bin Ahmad as President; 2. Cambodia Veteran Association (CVA) is led by Samdech Akkak Moha Sena Padei Techo HUN SEN, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia, as President; 3. Veterans Legion of the Republic of Indonesia (LVRI) is led by LT GEN (Rtd) Rais Abin, as President; 4.
    [Show full text]