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Bab Iv Motif Hias Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang

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Bab Iv Motif Hias Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang Sebagai Bagian dari Destinasi Wisata di Sumatera Barat Oleh M. Nasrul Kamal i ii Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang Sebagai Bagian dari Destinasi Wisata di Sumatera Barat Dr. M. Nasrul Kamal, M. Sn. 2018 iii Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 19 Tahun 2002 Tentang Hak Cipta Pasal 72 Ketentuan Pidana Saksi Pelanggaran 1. Barangsiapa dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak mengumumkan atau memperbanyak suatu Ciptaan atau memberi izin untuk itu, dipidana dengan pidana penjara palng singkat 1 (satu) bulan dan/atau denda paling sedikit Rp 1.000.000,00 (satu juta rupiah), atau pidana penjara paling lama 7 (tujuh) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp. 5.000.000.000,00 (lima milyar rupiah) 2. Barangsiapa dengan sengaja menyerahkan, menyiarkan, memamer- kan, mengedarkan, atau menjual kepada umum suatu Ciptaan atau barang hasil pelanggaran Hak Cipta atau Hak Terkait sebagaimana dimaksud dalam ayat (1), dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp 500.000.000,00 (lima ratus juta rupiah). iv Kamal, M. Nasrul Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang sebagai Destinasi Wisata SB Penerbitan dan Percetakan. CV Berkah Prima Alamat: Jalan Datuk Perpatih Nan Sabatang, 287, Air Mati, Solok Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Editor, Nasbahry C., & Rahadian Z. Penerbit CV.Berkah Prima, Padang, 2018 1 (satu) jilid; total halaman 217 + xxiv ISBN: 978-602-5994-06-7 1. Kerajinan 2. Perak 3. Kotogadang, Pariwisata 1. Judul Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang Sebagai Bagian dari Destinasi Wisata di Sumatera Barat Hak Cipta dilindungi oleh undang-undang. Dilarang memperbanyak atau memindahkan sebagian atau seluruh isi buku ini dalam bentuk apapun. Secara elektronis maupun mekanis, termasuk memfotocopy, merekam, atau dengan teknik perekaman lainnya, tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit Penyusun Dr. M. Nasrul Kamal, M. Sn. Editor Nasbahry, Couto, M.Sn. Dr. Rahadian Zainul, S.Pd. M.Si Layout & Kover Tim Layout Palatino Linotype 10,5 pt v KATA PENGANTAR umatera Barat adalah salah satu daerah yang memi- liki sumber daya industri kreatif yang besar. SMisalnya kerajinan yang merupakan salah satu sub sektor industri kreatif banyak terdapat di daerah Sumatera Barat dan khususnya kerajinan perak. Dan berbagai jenis kerajinan dan khususnya yang diproduksi di Koto Gadang, adalah salah satu yang menjadi objek atau destinasi wisata.[1] Oleh arena itu buku ini di beri judul “ Kerajinan Perak Koto Gadang Sebagai Bagian dari Destinasi Wisata di Sumatera Barat” Seperti yang kita ketahui, lambannya usaha kecil dan menengah, karena belum bersinerginya antara pemerintah, akademisi dan pebisnis. Permasalahan yang terlihat adalah belum adanya kemampuan bersama di dalam menjalankan program untuk meningkatkan usaha kecil ini. Tugas dan peran dari masing-masing aktor masih rancu dan bahkan terjadi tumpang tindih di dalam melakukan program, sehingga menghambat dalam mencapai tujuan. Siapa yang akan memulai untuk dapat berupaya agar semua aktor bersinergi merupakan pekerjaan rumah yang masih diminta untuk dilakukan. Pertanyaannya siapa yang akan berinisiatif di dalam merangkul semua aktor agar dapat duduk bersama dan 1 Dalam Kkamus Bahasa Indonesia lengkap, destinasi diartikan sebagai "tempat tujuan atau daerah tujuan wisata". Hadinoto (1996:15) destinasi wisata merupakan suatu kawasan spesifik yang dipilih oleh seseorang pengunjung,ia dapat tinggal dalam waktu tertentu. vi merencanakan kegiatan bersama baik untuk jangka pendek, jangka panjang atau pun jangka menengah. Salah satu strategi yang dipakai agar terdapat stabilitas, maka kerajinan Perak Kotogadang harus mempertahankan kondisi yang ada sekarang. Jangan sampai kondisi yang telah ada ini bertambah buruk keadaannya karena kelalaian semua pihak. Sebaiknya, keadaan yang dicapai tersebut ditingkatkan atau diperbaiki lagi untuk masa yang akan datang dengan me lakukan pembenahan pada semua bidang yang diperlukan dan vital, seperti pembenahan dari tenaga kerja dan juga harus di lakukan pengoptimalkan segala sumber daya manusia yang dimiliki dan mengefektifkan serta mengefisienkan faktor-faktor internal agar terjadinya kondisi stabil bagi industri kerajinan perak Kotogadang. Buku ini terdiri dari enam bab sebagai berikut ini: Bab I. Nagari Kotogadang; Bab II. Kotogadang Sebagai Daerah Pengrajin dan Wisata; Bab III, Proses Pengembangan; Bab IV. Motif Hias Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang; Bab V. Perkembangan Desain Kerajinan Perak Kotogadang, Bab VI. Pemasaran Produk Kerajinan Kotogadang. M.Nasrul Kamal pengarang buku ini, adalah staf pengajar bidang studi, Desain Komunikasi Visual, jurusan Seni Rupa FBS UNP Padang. Beliau hendak menawarkan paradigma baru yang lahir dari realitas budaya industri rumah tangga yang hidup di Koto Gadang, sebagai bagian dari industri parawisata, khususnya lagi produk kerajinan sebagai cendramata yang dapat diperoleh di kawasan ini. Di sinilah, letak arti penting diterbitkannya buku kerajinan perak Kotogadang sebagai vii bagian dari industri rumah tangga dan juga sebagai bagian dari industri parawisata dimana kota Bukittinggi sebagai pusatnya. Buku ini juga ditujukan kepada pembaca umumnya seperti mahasiswa dan para pendidik yang terlibat langsung di di bidang ini dan juga praktisi di bidang kerajinan maupun bidang parawisata. Diharapkan buku ini juga dapat dipakai masyarakat umumnya, dan khususnya bagi mereka yang ingin mengetahui masalah nagari koto gadang sebagai bagian dari kota wisata Bukittinggi. Atas kehadiran buku ini buku ini penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada civitas academica, yang telah berpartisipasi dalam kajian buku ini di Jurusan Seni Rupa UNP Padang, dan juga pada jajaran pimpinan Fakultas dan Universitas Negeri Padang yang telah memberikan sokongan terhadap hadirnya buku ini. Tidak lupa ucapan terima kasih ini kami ucapkan kepada pihak penerbitan yang telah berusaha menjadikan buku ini mudah di baca. Penulis menyadari bahwa buku ini memiliki keterbatasan juga, karena itu kritik dan saran untuk menyempunakan buku ini yang sangat penulis harapkan dari pembaca. Padang, November 2018 Penulis viii DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR .....................................................................VI DAFTAR ISI.....................................................................................IX DAFTAR GAMBAR.......................................................................XII DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................XV BAB. I NAGARI KOTOGADANG.............................................. 1 A. LETAK GEOGRAFIS DAERAH KOTOGADANG, KABUPATEN AGAM.....................................................................................1 B. ASAL USUL PENDUDUK MENURUT TAMBO DAN BEBERAPA PENULIS .................................................................................3 1. Tambo Minangkabau ....................................................3 2. Kotogadang Menurut Salah Satu Tambo..................5 3. Perkembangan Nagari Kotogadang di Zaman Kolonial...........................................................................9 4. Nagari IV Koto dan Sejarahnya...............................10 5. Kependudukan dan Mata Pencaharian .................15 6. Migrasi Penduduk Kotogadang ..............................18 BAB II KOTOGADANG SEBAGAI DAERAH PENGRAJIN DAN WISATA............................................................... 23 A. SULAMAN KOTOGADANG .......................................................24 B. MUNCULNYA KERAJINAN PERAK ..........................................26 C. SEJARAH USAHA KERAJINAN AMAI SETIA ...........................33 1. Dukungan Organisasi................................................43 2. Dukungan Keluarga...................................................47 3. Dukungan Masyarakat ..............................................47 D. KOTO GADANG SEBAGAI DESTINASI WISATA......................49 1. Wisata Ke Nagari Koto Gadang ..............................49 ix 2. Objek Wisata “Great Wall” Kotogadang...............52 3. Koto Gadang Sumatera Barat, Surga Belanja Istri Pejabat ...........................................................................54 4. Sekilas Perak dari Koto Gadang Sofenir Kerajinan yang Terus di Buru Wisatawan ...............................57 E. TEMPAT WISATA LAIN SEKITAR BUKITTINGGI ....................60 BAB III PROSES PENGEMBANGAN KERAJINAN PERAK ...........................................................................................65 A. PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN .......................................................65 B. PENGEMBANGAN ALAT...........................................................68 BAB IV MOTIF HIAS KERAJINAN PERAK KOTOGADANG ...........................................................79 A. MOTIF HIAS..............................................................................89 B. RAGAM MOTIF HIAS ................................................................92 1. Motif Realis ..................................................................93 2. Motif Geometris ..........................................................93 3. Motif Dekoratif............................................................94 4. Motif Abstrak...............................................................94 C. KAJIAN ASAL BENTUK MOTIF ..............................................112 1. Sumber Ide .................................................................112 BAB V PERKEMBANGAN DESAIN KERAJINAN PERAK KOTOGADANG .........................................................117 A. DESAIN.....................................................................................117
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