Ohio 1094

On 19 August 1863 the Adjutant General ordered that:

Volunteer regiments, battalions and Squadrons will inscribe on their colors their proper numerical designation and the arm of the service to which they belong, with the letters O.V.M. They may also wear upon their colors the name of their city or county, or both.

This order probably relates to inscriptions on national colors.

43uSA a+I

ORDER oF BAH,E: VOLUNTEER MILITIA

(Redesignated NATIONAL GUARD in 1864; new commands established as INDEPENDENT MILITIA in 1870)

(Cineinrali elements) Rover Guards or Rcgt 1852-1860 DO'0 Fw// dress.. scarlet tail coat and pants. trimmed with buff; scarlet dress cap trimmed with brass and initials "C.R.G."; red andwhiteplurne;silverstaronbrassbreastplate;"C.R.G."onbrasswalstbel(pta(e.fa/..gqc..darkb]uejacke(and forage cap, thmmed with red; black pants. /8j8.. F«// dress.. "scarlet. blue, and buff, and bear-skin ha(s," all ranks with gorgets. • Cincinnati Independent lst Regt ?-1 860 20 Comps distinctively dressed, • Washington Bn ?-1860 30 Comps dis(inctively dressed.

• lst Cincinnati Bn (organ to condin ac(ive elements of the three commands above) I 860_ 1863 4o loth Regt, OVM 1863-1864 loth Regt. ONG 1864_1870 165th Vol Imf Regt Fed serv: loo days, 1864 /860.. state reg uniforfn adopted. /86j.. US reg inf clothing.

• Independent Gu(hrie Grays (comp] I 854-1859 fo Guthrie Grays Bn (reorgan) 1859< . I 865 also 6th Vol lnf Regt (lst Foot Vols) Fed serv: 1861-1864 also Cincimati Rifles (Neff.s) Fed serv: 15 days, 1862 Dress Unf/arm.. gray tail coat, pants and dress cap, with black trim. A$ 6wh Vo/ /rfJicg/.. May /86/ .. issued gray uniform "of distinctive pattern" bought by private subscription; 4 comps wore full unifom, others had gray "overshin"; gray forage cap. Converted muskets. J«nc /86/.. blue state clothing. Flank comps issued Enficld rifle. A«g. /86/ "Greenwood" US M 1842 rifled musket issued 8 center comps. /862-/86j.. Enfie]d rifle with some Sa]ton and Plussian rifled muskets in 1862.

• Cincinmti Home Guard Bn (Jones. Indeped€nt Bn: Ralhoad Guard) 6c> Fed serv: (?) • Cineirmti lndepedent Arty (Paulsen's Btry) 7o Fed serv: (?) 1863 • Cincirmati Reserve Militia (2nd Regt, OVM) Fed serv: I mo, 1862 6'0 Gray jacket, pants, shir( and forage cap dinmed with black. • tst Bn (Zbunves) 1868-1872 90 Blue zouave-jacket thr*.gNxctso g G:::FT±±i#mrmm.]BLlrmrfuenp utedibe gaiters. • 2nd_Bn (Colored)roe 1870 on • 3rd Bn (Gcman)/ic> 187l on

(Ctevetwrd elenerus) • Cleveland Grays (Fed scrv in lst vol Imf Rcgt) entire period / ao Drou «nJJor7n.. gray tail coat, pants and dress cap. Distinctive button with "CG" inside wreath of leaves and seed pods. Fa/I.gIIe..grayjacket,pantsandcapthmmedwithblack.Grayknapsackwith"C"over"GRAYS"whiteonrea[../866..blue frcek coat. sky blue pants, gray cap. _++ 1095

ORDER OF BATTLE /conll.need/ • Cleveland Light Arty to 1859 ;3o lsl Rcgt Light Arty (Bamctt's) 1859-1861 Fed scfv: 3 mos. 1861 lst Rcgt vol Light Arty Fed scrv: i86i-1865 Cleveland Light Arty (reorgan) 1872 on Double-breaseedbluetailcoatwithbuttousimpairs,skybluepants,hoththmmedwithfed;lcathcrhelnets,brassdin.nd horsehair plume. In 1859 amed with 6-pdr bronze g`ms. Light arty saber. /66/.. US f€g light arty clothing.

•rfuvb-I-In-i `k:~ri- Fed scr`r: i86i-i864 \f_V~c>~_ (Included Clcve]_andmavc Light Oqud§ (wore zouavc jacket with buttons dowrn both sides, haided kapi], Sprgue 1`_----_ Zounve Cadets. National Guards, ctc.) Compe not ulformed or distinctively dessed at rust: issued conversions. /mc J86/.. state clothing. /862-/863.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 29th Rcgt. OVM (rcl&tiouship with other Cleveland commands not ccftain) .SC> 1863-1864 • 29th Regt. ONG J.a 1864-.1869

(Dayton etcrnenls) • lst Regt Light lnf (King's; redesig) 1857-1859 J fo 2nd Imf Regt (rcorgan) 1859-1861 5th Vol Imf Rcgt Fed scrv: 1861-1865 (reorgan as indcpcndcnt camps) 1870 on Comps distinctively dressed. Adopted state clothing c. 1860. ASjwhVo//qfJicgl:/86/.."onJyunifomwasflannclshirts,sofnered,someblue,somearmgc,buteachcompanywasthc sane."InitiallyissuedAusthan,PnissianandSa]tonrifledmuskets;retainedthfough1862./86j-/864..Springfieldrifled muskets.

(CoLwhus eLenrerus) • Columbus Bn (Mills') 1859-1861? ' tr° Comps distinctively dressed. M1842 musket with M184l rifle for I rifle comp.

I q°(Independent camps located in cities of Mari€tta. Toledo, and Sandusky, various to`ms and counde§.)

(M iscelheous elerner"s )

(The two regts below were formed in April 1861 almost entirely from OVM comps gathcfcd from the state at large.) • lst vol hi Regr Fed serv: 186l-1864

2oc, (Lmcaster Guards, Lofayctte Guards (Dayton], Dayton Light Gurus. Montgomery G`iards. Cleveland Greys, Hibemian Guards (Cleveland], Portsmouth Guards, Zanesville Guards. Mansfi¢ld Guards, and Jackson Guards (Hamilton]) Comps distinctively clothed at first, chiefly in state leg unifoms. Apr../ /66/.. issued blue fndgue blouse, gmy pants. fed flannel shirt, black felt hat, black pile( cloth overeo&t. Amed with conversions. /.4nc /86/.. US rcg imf clothing; muskets of "approved pattern." IVov /86/.. GTecnwood conversions. /862-/863.. Enficld rifle. • 2nd vol Imf Regt Fed serv: 186l-1864 ;1 I o (Rover Guards. Columbus Videttes, Columbus Fcneibles, Zouavc Guards (Cincinrmti) , Lalayette Guards (Cincirmati), Springfield Zouavcs. Pichaway Comp.. Steubcnvillc Camp., Covington Blues [Miami Co.I, and 8aldwin Rifles (Ufoana)) Same clothing and ams as lst Imf Regt, /862-/86J.. Enfield rifle.

(In addition to the commands listed above, a tctal of 99 imf leg(s and bns, 2 cav bus, 15 btrys of light arty. and sevonl independent comps were raised as Ohio Vol Miliha throughout the state in 1863. These commands varied widely in strength. In 1864 elements were dra`rm from them to fom, provisionally. 42 imf regts, I cav bD, and 2 btrys of light arty. Thcsc provisional organs are mentioned next; whcrc knoun, their parent comirmds arc listed.) The relationships. if any, betwccn these new OVM commands and the oldcT pro-war unifined fnilitia corps have not been -rmined in most casc§.) 1096

ORDER OF BATTLE /continued/

;J O PROVISIONAL NATIONAL GUARD (loo DAYS)

(These regts wore US Teg clothing provided by the state, with dress and fatigue uniforms often mixed. Small arms and accoutements were of a wide variety and usually poor quality. Colors caiTied were probably those of parent ONG commands.) • 2ndBn,Cav 60 days, 1864 ® 2ndBtry 60 days, 1864 ® 8thBtry 60 days, 1864; 4 mos, 1864-1865 • 130th Rest (lst Regt, 13th a[id 75th Bus) leo days,1864 • 13lst Rest (elements of lst and 12th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 132nd Regl (elements of ]sl. 12lh. 28th, 38th and 42nd Bns) loo days, 1864 • 133rd Regt (3rd Regt, 58th and 76th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 134th Regt (4th Rest and 94th Bn) loo days. 1864 • 135th Rest (5th Regt and 32nd Bn) loo days, 1864 • 136th Regt (6th, 57th. 62nd and 89th Bns) loo days, .1864 • 137th Regt (7th Regt and 98th Bn) loo days, 1864 • 138th Regt (8th Regt, 5th, 32nd, 37th and 98th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 139th Regt (9th Regt) loo days, 1864 ® 140thRe8' loo days. i864 • 14lst Regt (16th, 20th, 36th and 84th Bus) loo days. 1864 • 142ndRegt loo days, 1864 • 143rd Rcgt (18th and 69th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 144th Rest (19th and 64th Bns) loo days, i86 • 145th Regl (13th Bn, 22nd Regt) loo days, 186` • 146thRegt loo days, 1864 • 147th Rest (25th Regl, 87th Bn) lco days, 1864 • 148th Reg( (46th Regt, 26th aLnd 96th Bus) loo days, 1864 • 149th Regt (27th Rest, 55th Bn) loo days, 1864 ® 150thReg' leo days, i864 • 15lst Regt (33rd Regt, 57th Bn) loo days. 1864 • 152nd Regt (28th and 35th Regts) loo days, 1864 • 153rdRegt loo days, i864 • 154th Regt (23rd Bn, 60th Regt) loo days, i864 • 155th Regi (44th Bn. 92nd Regt) loo days,1864 • 156th Regt (34(h Regt, goth and 8lst Bns) loo days. 1864 • 157th Regt (39th Rest, 88th Bn) loo chys, 1864 • 158th Res(: did not organ • 159th Regt (llth and 73rd Bns) loo days, 1864 ® 160thReg, loo days. i864 • 16lst Regt (43rd, 58th. 70th and 93rd Bns) loo days, i864 • 162ndRegt loo days, 1864 • 163rd Res( (48th Regt, 72nd, 96th and 99th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 164th Regt (49th Regt, 54th Bn) loo days, 1864 • 165th Res( (loth Res(): see Cincinnati elements, VOLUNTEER mlTIA • 166th Regt (59th, 63rd, 79th and 83rd Bns) loo days, 1864 • 167th Regt (6lst Regt, 65th Bn) loo days. 1864 • 168th Rest (66th and 67th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 169th Rest (50th and 52nd Regts, 82nd and 95th Bus) loo days, i864 • 170th Regt (74th and 78th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 17lst Regt (5lst Rest,14th, 85th and 86th Bns) loo days, 1864 • 172nd Regt (47th Regt) loo days, I I-` 1097

ORDER oF BATTLE /cO#finwed/

93 a VOLUNTEER CAVALRY

(Cav commands wore variations of US reg cav clothing.) • lst Regt 1861-1865 Blue uniform jacket, bralded around chest with yellow, sky blue pants, forage cap or black derby-type slouch hat. /862..Sharpscarbine,ColtnavyTevolver,M1840saber.186j..ColtamyandnavyandRemingtonnavyrevolvers./864.. Sharps carbine, Colt navy revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • lst Independent Bn (redesig llth cav Regt, a.v.) 1861-1863 /862.. Enfield rifle, Colt any revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 2nd Regt (lst Regt, Wade and Hutchins' Cav Brig) 1861-1865 /862..Col(amyandStarrevolvers,M1840saber./86j..Coltrevolvingrifle,Bum§idecarbine,Gallaghercarbine,Colt any and Remington Navy revolvers. /864.' Spencer and Buruside carbines. • 2nd Independent Bn (Buck's) 60 days,1864 • 3rd Regt 1861-1865 /862: Sharps carbine, Remington navy revolver. M 1840 saber. /86j: Bumside, Sharps, Gallagher and Joslyn carbines, Colt army and Remington navy revolvers, /864: Burnside and Spencer cart)ines. • 4th Regt 1861-1865 /862.. Bumside and Sharps carbines, Col( and S(alT army revolvers, M 1840 saber. /863-/864.. most of regt armed with Shalps, Gallagher and Joslyn carbines, some Bumsides; Col( any revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 4th Independent Bn 6 mos,1863-1864 /86J.. Bumside and Starr carbines, Col( army revolver; M1840 saber. • 5th Regt (also called 2nd Regt) 1861-1865 /862-/864.. Bumside and ShaTps carbines, Colt any revolver. M1840 and M1860 sabers. `i 5th Independent Bn (Ijans') 6 mos,1863-1864

/86j.. Cosmopolitan and Starr carbines, Remington army revolver. M1860 saber. • 6th Rest (2nd Regt, Wade and Hutchins' Cav Brig) 1861-1865 /862,. some comps afmed with Smith carbine; Colt any revolver; M 1840 saber. /863.. Bumside carbine, Gal]agher and Joslyn carbines, Colt and Remington army revolvers. M1840 and M1860 sabers. /86¢.. Bumside and Sha[ps carbines, Col( and Remington army revolvers. M1840 saber. • 7th Regt (River Regt) 1862-1865 /862.. Light French rifle, cat ,577; Whitncy navy revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers, /86J.. Enfield rifle, Bumside carbine, Remington any and Whitney navy revolvers. /86¢.. Bumsidc carbine. • 8th Regt (formerly 44th Imf Regt) 1864..-1865 /864.. Spencer and Cosmopolitan carbines, M1860 saber. • 9th Regt 1863-1865 /86j.. Gallagher carbine. Remington navy revolver, M 1840 and M 1860 sabers. /864: StarT carbine and Smith carbine. • loth Rcgt 1862-1865 /863.. Merrill and Sharps carbines, Remington army revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers. /86¢.. Sha[ps carbine, Remington army and Col( navy revolvers. • I lth Regt (fomerly lst Independent Bn; Rocky Mountain cav) 1863-1866 /66j.. Enfield rifle, Spencer and Starr carbines. Remington army revolver, M 1840 and M 1860 sabers. /864: Springfield rifled muskets cat .58; Enfield rifle for mos( Tnen, Spencer and Smith carbines, Remington army revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 12th Regt 1863-1865 /863.. Enfield rifle, Belgian rifled carbine cat .69. /86¢.. Ballard and Spencer carbines, Colt afmy revolver, M 1840 and M 1860 sabers. • 13thRe8t 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets, cat .58. Enfield rifle, • MCLeughlin's lndependen( Squadron 1861-1865 /86j.. Smith carbine, Remington navy revolver. M1840 saber. /864.. Col( arlny revolver. M1840 and M1860 sabers. 1098

ORDER oF BATTLE /coutinued/

?S°Wwhp„.demCavCoxps..Burdsall.s.George.s[orlrmtonCav],HarlansLight(sec11thPcnnsylvaniaCavRegt],3rdComp

(Pfau's, or Cor's Body Guattl], 4th Coup [Foster.s. or Hallcck.s Escort), 6th Comp [GarTard's. assigned to 3rd New York Cav Rcgt]) 1861-1865 • Union Light Guard (Bcrmett.s cav comp) 1863-1866

t|o {;::P::prtepE:::#te::;:ed to pro(ec«he besident of the us: comprised I inan from each county in ohio. Served as guards at

J863.. Smith carbine, Rcmington navy revolver, M1840 sabcT. /864.. Whitrey navy revolvers, M 1860 saber.

voLUNmER ARTILLERY

.,o'st3:grreg:aaijftryr:#:i:cTdc:Lc. 1863-1865

• lst Rcgt (Light): see Clcvcland clelnents, VOLUNTEER MILITT^ • 2nd Rest qucavy) 1863-1865 ;8o Us res heavy arty clothing, Enfield rifle. //hdepci!deni £I.gA. Arty Btrys.. I sl-I 2th. 14th-22nd, 24th-26th) 1861-1865 US reg light try clothing.

VOLUNTEER INFAt`ITRY (All imf commands wore US leg imf clothing unless otherwise no(ed.) • lst Rcgt: scc VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 2nd Regt: scc VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 3rd Rc8t i86i-i86 44C> Aprl./ /86J.. camps die(inctivcly clothed. Armed with convcrsious. /q/y /86/.. issued state clothing with blue fatigue coal-' and gray pants; M1842 musket. /862-/863.. M1842 musket; Enfield rifle. • 4th Regt (rcorgan as 4th Bn in l864) 1861-1865 3CS Apri./ /86/.. comps disthctivcly clothed. Amcd with conversions. /uno /86/.. issued state clothing with blue fatigue coat and gray pants. /862.. US M1842 rifled musket. /863-/86¢.. Springficld rifled muskets. • 5th Regt: see Dayton clenents, VOLUNTEER MILI'HA • 6th Regt: see Cincinnati elements. VOLut`ITEER MILITIA • 7th Rcgt: see Cleveland clcfncnts, VOLUNTEER MILITIA ® 8thReg' 1861-1864 3 '® Initially issued conversions or M1842 musket. /862: Enflcld rifle. /863.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 9th Rcgt (lst German Rcgt) 1861-1864 320 Initially issued M1842 musket. /863.. Enficld rifle. • loth Regt (Montgomery Rcgt) 1861-1864 S30 Initially issued M1842 musket. /863.. Enfield rifle; some Spenccr rifles issued. • llthRc8t 1861-1865 J4° Initially issued M1842 musl[ct. /863.. Springfield rifled muskets. Purchased 220 Wesson cafoines.

• 12thReg' 1861-1864 3Jc, Ausdin, Pnissian and Saxon rifled muskets. ® 13thRe8t 1861-1865 3bo /86/.. Camp C. "dfcssed in fiill suits . . . light blue roundabouts and pantaloons with caps of the same color." Ini(ially issued coDvcrsious. J862-/863.. Enfield rifle: Springfield rifled muskets. • 14th Rcg( 1861-1865 3?a /86/.. blouse, gray flannel shirt, forage cap & cover. Initially issued convcrsious. Scpl /86/.. conversions and some Enfield rifles. /66j-/864.. Spri[tgficld rifled muskets. • 15th Regt 1861-1865 38d /86/.. gray shcll jacket, gmy sthped pants, gray flannel shin, sky blue overcoat. hat. Initially armed with conversions, ¢xcep( Comps A and 8, which rcccived Enficld rifles. /862.. M1842 rifled musket. 1863: Enfie]d rifle. /864.. M 1863 rifl. musket. 1099

ORDER oF BATTLE /cO„f!.#wed/

• 16th Regt 1861-1864

3qo /86/.. blouse, gray striped pants, gray flannel shirt, gray overcoat, fonge cap & cover. Belgian or French rifled muskets, cat .69. J663.. continued with same, plus Austrian rifled muskets, cal .70. • 17th Regt 1861-1865

VCD /86/.. gray shell jacket, gray pants, gray flannel shirt, black overcoat, hat. Austrian rifled musket, cals .54 or .55. /86?-j864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 18th Regt 1861-1865 itio /86/.. blouse. gray pan(s, gray flarmel shirt, sky blue overcoat, forage cap & cover. /662: conversions. /86j-/864.. Enfield rifle; some Springfield rifled muskets, 1864. • 19th Regt 1861-1865

4zc> /86/.. gray shell jacket, sky blue pants, gray flannel shin, sky blue overcoat, forage cap & cover. /862-/863.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 20th Regt 1861-1865 43 a /86/.. gray shell jacket, gray striped pants, gray flannel shirt, sky blue overcoat, forage cap & cover. Conversions. /862-/86j.. Enfield rifle. J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 2lst Regt 1861-1865 44 a /86J.. blouse, gray flannel shin, black overcoal. forage cap & cover. Initially issued conversions. /862: Austrian rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. Dcc /862.. some Coll revolving rifles. /86?-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 22ndRegt 3 mos,1861 4S° B|ouse, gray striped pants, forage cap & cover. • 22nd Regt (formerly l3th Missouri Imf Regt) 1861-1865 4cO /862.. Springfield rifled muskets; light French or "Liege" rifles. cal .577, with saber bayonets. /66j.. Enfield rifle. 23rd Rest 1861-1865 `_J7C' Initially amed with conversions. /862-/864.. Enfield rifle; some Springr]eld rifled muskets, 1864. • 24thReg' 1861-1865 4ec' J862-/863.. Enfield rifle and Springfield rifled muskets. ® 25thRe8t 1861-1866 4qc' /862.. Enfield rifle. /86j-/664.. SpringfLeld rifled muskets and Enfield rifle. • 26thRegt 1861-1865 €O0 /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /863-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 27thRe8t 1861-1865 5~JO /862.. M184l rifle. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 28th Regt (2nd German Regt) 1861-1865 5~?a /862-/863.. Belgian or Vincennes rifles with saber bayonets. /664.. Enfield rifle. • 29thRegt 1861-1865 530 /862_/864.. Enfield rifle. • 30thReg' 1861-1865 5-+a /86j.. 9-button bluejacket, sky blue pants and forage cap. /862.. conversions. /86j.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 3ls'Regt 1861-1865 s'SC> J862-/863.. Enfield rifle. J664.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 32ndRegt 1861-1865 5lGC> /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 33rdRegt 1861-1865 S7c9 /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /863.. Enfield rifle. /664.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 34th Regt (Piatt Zouaves; l§t Zouaves) 1861-1865 5g`o Blue jacket, sky blue full pants with double red stripes, russet leather leggings. red shir( and fez. /862.. M1842 rifled musket (mounted May 1863). /863-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 35th Reg[ 1861-1864 -<90 Blue shell jacket with white edging and cuff trim, light blue pants, black slouch hat. /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /863.. Springfield rifled muskets, llcO

ORDER OF BATTLE /continued/

• 36th Regt 1861-1865 Goo /86/.. Black ovcTcoat with cape, gray flannel shir(, blue pants; haversack of painted duck, "rubber" canteen. /863: 9-button blue shell jacket, light blue pants, forage cap or slouch hat. /862-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 37th Regt (3rd German Regt) 1861-1865 6;a /862-/86j.. Enfield rifle. /864: Springfield rifled muskets. 38thRe8t 1861-1865 6Za /862-/664.. Enfield rifle. • 39th Regt (GDoesbeck.s Regt) 1861-1865 G30 /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 40thRe8t 1861-1864 6`° /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /66j.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 4lstRe8t 1861-1865 4bayonet. /86j-/864.. anned largely with Enfield rifle and Springfield rifled muskets. • 43rdRegt 1861-1865 G70 /862.. Enfield rifle. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 44th Res( (converted and redesig 8th Cav Regt) 1861-1864 6sO /862_/86j.. Enfield rifle. (Mounted Jab l863.) ® 45thRe8t 1862-1865 6fo /862_/864.. Springrield rifled muskets. (Mounted March l863.)

® 46thRe8t 1861-18,-

7cO /862.' Austrian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /86j.. Springfield rifled muskets. /864: Spencer rifle. e=EllE • 47th Regt (Wilstack Rest) 1861_1865 1;a /862-/863.. Enfield rifle. /864: Springfield rifled muskets. • 48th Regt (consol with 83rd Imf Regt in 1865 and so designated; later reorgan as 48th ]rf Bn) 1861-1866 7 ZC> /862.. Austrian rifled muskets. cat .54 or .55. /86j.. Enfield rifle. /864: Springrield rifled muskets. ® 49thRegt 1861-1866 730 /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /86j.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 50thReg, 1862-1865 ?+a /662.. Austrian rifled muskets, cat .58. /86j.. EnfLeld rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 5ls'Rcgt 1861-1865 7-€' /862.. Belgian or vincenncs rifles with saber bayonets; M1842 Titled musket. /86j.. Enfleld rifle. /864.. Springficld rifled muskeis. • 52nd Regt 1862-1865 7GC7 /862_/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 53rd Regt 1861-1865 ?flo Issued distinctive zouave jacket. blue with sky blue lace, in early /864... /862.. Austrian rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. /66J-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 54th Regt (2nd zbuaves) 1861-1865 78o /86/.. "fancy (hree-comercd hat with led tasscl'' and "braidedjackets" also "cap with a tassel on it, a bright colored blouse and baggy trousers." /862.. Belgian or Vinccrmcs rifles with saber bayonets. /863.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 55thRe8t 1861-1865 79G /862_/863.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

® 56thRe8t 1861-1866 86° /662-/864.. EnrLcld rifle with sons "Dnesdcn'. and .`Suhl'. rifled muskets in 1862.

• 57thRegt 1861-1865 8' a /862.. Austhan rifled muskets. car.54 or.55. /66?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

® 58thReg' 1861-. 82a /862_/663.. Enfie]d rifle. /864: Springfield rifled muskets. .- 1101

ORDER OF BATTLE /conil.nwed/

® 59thRe8t 1861-1865 83o /862_/864.. Enfield rifle. • 6Orh Regt (disb following capnire and parole) 8 +a 1862 ® 60thRegt 1864-1865 95o /86¢.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 6ls'Regt 1862-1865 8\g`c> /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. /86j-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 62ndRegt 1861-1865 8 70 /862.. Austhan and PTussian rifled muskets, cat .69 and .70. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 63rdRegt 1861-1865 8`6'0 /862.. Ausqian and PTussian rifled muskets, cat .69 and .70. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 64thRe8t 1861-1865

8co /86/.. plain frcekcoat. kepi, Hardee hal with bugle; /863.. shelljacket with 9 buttons, kepi. /862.. issued browi) overcoat, later thrown away. /862-/864.' Springfleld rifled muskets. • 65th Regt 1861-1865

qt„ /66/.. plain frok coat, kepi , Hardee hat with bugle; /862.. issued brown overcoat, later thrown away. /86J.. 9-button shell jacket, kepi. /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 66thRe8t 1861-1865 9Jc] /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 67thRe8( 1861-1865 9Zo /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 68thRc8t 1861-1865 q3.a /862-/863.. Enfield rifle, /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 69th Rest 1861-1865 9to /862.. Austrian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 70thRe8t 1861-1865 qso /862-/86j.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 7ls,Res, 1861-1865 916o /862.. Belgian or French rifled muskets. (Mo`intcd in 1863.) /86j.. Enfield rifle; officers carried M1860 saber. • 72nd Rest 1861-1865 C/ 7d /862_/86j.. Enfie|d rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

• 73rd Regt 1861-1865 ¢J81a /862-/86j.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

• 74th Rest 1861-1865 C3Cfa /862,. Belgian or French rifled muskets. /863-/864.. Enfield rifle.

• 75th Regt 1861-1865 `

1861-1865 /:£8°th"R6e2¥Austhanrifledmuskets,calj4or.55"63rfufieldrifle"64..Springfieldrifledmuskets.

• 8lst Regl (Morton's Independent Rifle Regt) 1861-1865 /Oco /862.. Enfield rifle. /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 82nd Regt (Independent Bn Sharpshooters, 3rd Div, I lth Any Corps) 1861-1865 J /862-/864.. Enfield rifle with some Springfield ,;fled muskets, 1864. 1102

ORDER OF BATTLE /con.I.mued/

• 83rdRcgt 1862-1865 ;ago /862-/863.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springficld rifled muskets. ® 84thRe8t 3 mos, 1862 /C>?a conversions. ® 85thRc8' 3 mos, 1862 ;/C>O convcrsious. ® 86thRc8' 3 mos, 1862; 6 Inos, 1863-1864 ''° J862.. conversions. /86j.. Austhan rifled musket, cal.58. ® 87thRe8t 3 mos, 1862 //ZO Conversions. • 88th Rcgt (lst Bn Govclnor.s Guards) 1862-1865 ' '3° /862.. Austrian, PI`issian and Sanon rifled muskets. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

® 89thRc8t 1862-1865 J't/C' /862.. M1842 rifled muskets. /86?-/864.. Springficld rifled muskets. ® 90thRc8t 1862-1865 I/5° |862-|864: Ens\ctd t"e. • 9lstRe8, 1862-1865 •;CZ> /862.. Austrian rifled muskets, cd .54 or .55. /86J-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets, • 92ndRegt 1862-I865 JJ ?a /862.. ^ushian rifled muskets. cal .54 or .55. /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 93rdR€st 1862-1865 /.8c) J862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 94thRe8t 1862-186. / J90 /862-/864.. Enflcld rifle with soinc Springfield rifled muskets in 186+1864. ® 95thRc8' 1862-1865 Jzco /862-/863.. Enficld rifle. /864: Springfield rifled muskets. ® 96thRc8' 1862-1865 /J/a /862.. Belgian or Ffcnch rifled muskets. /863.. Enficld rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 97thReg, 1862-1865 /Z2o /862-/864.. Enfield rifle. ® 98thRcgt 1862-1865 /2-SO /862_/864.. Springfield rifled muckcts. ® 99thRe8' 1862-1864 • 24/a /862.. spriDgficld rifled muskets. /863-/864.. amed langcly with Enfield rifles. ® loothRegr 1862-1865 J2STZ> /862-/864.. Enfield rifle (entire supply lost Scpt 1863). • 10lstReg' 1862-1865 /2@ /862-/864.. Springficld rifled muskets. ® 102ndRc8' 1862-1865 ;27o /862-/864.. springfield rifled muskets. ® 103rdRcgt 1862-1865 /2to /662-/664.. Enficld rifle. ® 104thRc8' 1862-1865 JZJto /862-/864.. Enfield rifle.

• 105th Rcgt (Western Rcscrvc Rcgt) 1862-1865 J 5 c>=i /862-/864.. spTingficld rifled muskets. • 106th (4th German Rcgt) 1862-1865 /3® /86J-/864.. Enficld rifle. Owounted c. May 1863.) • 107th Rcgt (5th German Rcgt) 1862-1865 /L3zo /862.. Austian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /86j.. Springficld rifled muskets. /864.. Enfield rifle. 1103

ORDER OF BATTLE /conrl.nwed/

• 108(h Reg( (6th Geman Regt) 1862-1865 ;:330 /862-/86j.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 109th Regl: failed to complete organ J34ro • llothRegt 1862-1865 /3L5b /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • lllthRegt 1862-1865 /3fo /862_/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 112th Regt: falied to complete organ /37c> ® 113thRe8t 1862-1865 '3 8C' /862.. Enfield rifle. /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

• 114thRegt 1862-1865 '3C® /862.. Austrian rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. /863.. Enrteld rifle. /864.' Springfield rifled muskets.

• 115thReg, 1862-1865 /1fo /86j.. M|842 musket. J864.. Enfield rifle. • 116thRcg' 1862-1865 Jt/Jo /862.. Austrian rifled musket, cal .58. /86J-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 117th Regt (converted and redesig lst Heavy Arty Rest) 1862-1863 • ll8thReg' 1862-1865 Jrz° /862.. Austrian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /86j-/864.. Enfield rifle. • I l9th Regt: failed to complete organ .L/3o • 120th Rest 1862-1864 '""a /862.. Austrian rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. /863.. Enfield rifle.

12lst Rest 1862-1865 '7¢SO /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

• 122ndRegt 1962-1865 /A/CO /862-/864.. Enfie]d rifle. • 123rdRegt 1862-1865 J +70 J862.. Austrian rifled musket, cat .577. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 124th Res, 1862-1865 //G® /86j-J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 125th Regt (Opdycke's Tigers) 1862-1865 • /40 Commonly wore black fel( hat. /863-/664.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 126thReg, 1862-1865 /5TC'C' /862.. Austrian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

• 127th colored Regt (redesig) 1863-1864 /5T®5th Regt, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 128th Regt (formed from Hoffman Bn) 1864-1865 /S?a /863.. M1842 muske(. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 129thRe8t 6 mos. 1863-1864 / SJo /863.. Austrian rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. • 130th-172nd Regts: see NATIONAL GUARD • 173rdRegt 1864-1865 /Seyo /864.. Enfield rifle. • 174thReg' 1864-1865 /5-510 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 175thRegt 1864-1865 Jr60 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 176thRe8t 1864-1865 J- '-1 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1104

ORDER OF BATTLE /con/I.naed/

177thRegt 1864-1865 /580 /Gap.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 178thRcg' 1864-1865 ; Sqo /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 179thRe8, 1864-1865 /.cO /864.. springfield rifled muskets.

180thRe8t 1864-1865 '6,a /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 18lstRegt 1864-1865 'CZ,a /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 182ndRegt 1864-1865 /Cap /86¢.. springfield rifled muskets.

• 183rdRegt 1864-1865 /4ffo /864.. springfield rifled muskets. Ocgirnents hereof(er are believed lo have been amed with M1863 rifle musket.) • 184thReg' 1865 • 185thRegt 1865 ® 186thRegt 1865 • 187thRegt 1865-1866 ® 188thRegt 1865 ® 189thRe8, \ 'c50 1865 • 190th Rest: haled to complete organ • 19ls,Rest • 192ndRegt • 193rdRegt • 194thReg' • 195thRegt ® 196thRegt • 197thReg' 198thRegt Spencer repeating canddge rifle /660 /Dcparnen/a/ Caps.. composed of 4 camps from Pennsylvania and 3 comps from ohio, enlisted for serv 1863-1864 in the Dcpt of the Monongchela) //ndependen/Shapshoo/crcoaps..lst-3fdcomps[misedforBirge`sWcstcrnshalpshootcrs):see66thlllinoisvollnfRegt) (4th-loth Comps; serv independently in various areas) 1862-1865 Some comps wore black fel( ha( with plume and nisset leather gaiters. /86j-/864.. Spcnccr rifle. • Dcnnison Guard .C7c> 1862-1863 • Hoffman Bn (merged into 128th Imf Rcgt) /48o 1861-1864 • Trumbull Guard (RIver Guard) 1862-1865 /490 /862.. Mi842 rifled musket. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • Bard`s Independent comp 30 days. 1862 /7Z)a Belgian or Frmch rifled muskets. • Wallacc Guard /7/a 3o days, i862

u.s. COLORED mcops RAlsED IN OHIO

• 27th Regt lnf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 / 7jo /864.. Springfleld rifled muskets; Enflcld rifles. Oregon 1107

ii=_ -

werewithdrawnin1861,andtoalesserextentincounteringtheoperationsofpro-Confederate bands and lawless elements in general. Thevolunteerregimentswereaidedfromtimetotimebymilitiacompaniesoffortyorfifty men which served for a few months at a time. One example was Lieutenant Nathan Olney's mounted company which was outfitted by the citizens of The Dalles and which in 1864 was musteredintoFederalserviceforfourmonthstoguardoneofthemainroadsthroughthestate. Chegon troops of the two volunteer Civil War regiments were uniformed, accoutered and armed by the War Department with regulation equipage; all other commands served without uniforms and carried privately owned small arms. The men of the lst Volunteer Cavally Regiment were required to furnish their own horses and horse equipment, but all other ``clothing, ams and equipments . . . [were] procured by requisition upon the commanding officer of the District of Oregon or the Department of the Pacific." Actually the clothing was issued in San Francisco. The same procedure was followed by the 1 st Volunteer Infantry. The state itself issued no equipage. AsaterritoryOregonusedacoatofamswhichincludedashipandmountains,amongother things,hadanlndianandaneagleassuppor(ers,andabeaverforthecrest.Uponadmissionto statehoodherlegislatureadoptedanevenmorecomplicateddeviceconsistingofashieldwith two ships, an emigrant wagon, a sheaf of wheat and several agricultural implements, a deer, and other objects. Over the shield flew an American eagle and across it ran the words: "THE UNION.„ A button was manufactured bearing the territorial device; when and by whom it was used `-has not been discovered. Later buttons with the state ams were probably adopted after 1872

but some may have been won earlier. No infomation is known about Oregon military flags andtheprobabilityisthatbothregimentscarriedU.S.regulationcolors,standardsandguidons ifanywerecarriedatall.Thecompaniesassignedtothesereginentsrarelyservedtogetherand flags were only a hindrance in Indian fighting. Oregon military companies commence.d to fom or reform soon after the Civil War, but it dues not appear that any higher organizations were established until after 1872.

ORDER OF BAmLE: sTAin TRcOps

/a(Scveralmountedcompsraisedfor§hoI(periodsofservice1853-1855.Inal]cascs,includingthetworeglsbelow.themcn fiuhished their own clothing, accouter[nents, horse cquipmcnts, and small arms.) 1855-1856 • lst Rcgt Mounted vols 1855-1856 • 2nd Regl Mounted Vols (formerly Northern and Southcm Bus) 1866 on • Pordand Light Arty Btry

VOLUNIERS

• lstcavRegt 1862-1866 US res cav clothing and accoutements. /662.. M184l rifle without bayonet; Colt any revolver; M1840 and M1860 C* a ;ube.;? rj3-:;3a.: rii-84T=a-e'-;;-th~;t -b-a-y-;n;I, snaps cafoine; col; any and navy revolvers. • ls,hiRe8t 1864-1867 3C) Us leg inf clothing and accouterments. Springfield rifled muskets. `\ Ohey's cav comp 4 mos, 1864

_ /a Clothed and aned largely with money provided by citizens of The Dalles; details not known. 1108

SOURCES

"Militay Affairs in Oregon,1861-1865," in 7lhe Unl.on Arny, Madison, Wis.,1908, IV, 421429. Military Department, Oregon, Bi.cw#!.a/ Jicports, 1863-1872. AdjutantGeneral,U.S.,OJ7ici.a/ArnyRcgl.a/cro/tticVo/wnfeerForce...,Washington,D.C.,1867,partVH. Wt"amGlenLed::I.ette\,MilitaryHistoryoftheoregoncountry,1804-1859,mineographedthesis,Unive\sky of Oregon, Eugene, Ore., 1935. Hubert Howe Bancroft, Hi.story a/ Orego" (in "History of the Pacific States" series), Son Francisco, Calif. , 1888, vol. 11 (1848-1888). Pennsylvania Page 1 of 2

Tom Miekina

From : < rcyoung@epix. net> To: Sent: Saturday, January 23, 2010 4:05 PM Subject: Re: Question re schaeffer's Zouaves (122/K) Hello Tom, I think I can help you with this. There is a brief description of their uniform in their regimental history. The "Schaeffer Zouaves", were also known, the "First City Zounves" before they became Co. K.122nd Pa Infantry 8/12/62-5/15/63. Also a brief description is in a pamphlet from their 20th reunion in 1883. Best though is that I have actually seen the remnants of an original uniform held in a local private collection. The design and piping was based on Dureya's 5th NY.

>Color of trousers-Blue [not dark and but not sky]

>Did trousers have a stripe? If yes, what color?-Red

>Color of jacket-Blue [same as Pantaloon trousers]

>Color of piping on jacket-Red

>Color of sash-Red

>Color of cap (fez)-Blue [Light Blue but not as light as sky blue of say the VRC]

>Color of tassel on cap-Red

They also had the white leggings.

I hope this helps. Would you please possibly send me a picture of your work when you are done? It would be a cool addition to my 122nd Pa file.

Regards, Ron

www.]ancastercivil\`,'ar.com

Hi--

I paint Civil War military miniatures and am culTently working on ACW zouaves. I have already painted over 50 figures is different zouave dress. I would like to add Schaeffer's Zouaves to my collection but have been unable to find any information re the colors of their zouave outfits--ideally, would like to know:

1/23/2010 1125

"Holsters for Remington revolvers" "Holsters for StarT revolvers" "Holsters for State cavalry pistols"

In 1870 Pennsylvania drew from the general government its first breechloaders-45cO •.Springfield breech-loading rifle muskets, model 1868" with accoutements, "the same gun with which the United States troops are amed." Twenty-five hundred were issued to the lst Division, and I,250 to the l8th Division that year. The others went out on a company basis. Most Of the new companies that year were issued "short" Leman (Leaman) muskets. At this point the Commonwealth still retained over 15,OcO muzzle-loading muskets, almost all of antiquated pattern, but the change-over to breech-loaders had begun and was to continue steadily thereafter. Although not within the scope of this study, mention should be made of the great Fort Pitt heavy ordnance works at Pittsburgh. It was one of the largest and most complete cannon foundries in the world at that time, capable of producing the heaviest guns. It remained in continuous operation throughout the Civil War.

Colors and Flags

ThecoatofarmsofPennsylvania,bearingashipunderfullsail,aplowandthreesheavesof grain, with two rampant horses for supporters and the motto "Virtue, Liberty and Independ- ence," was adopted during the American Revolution and formally established in 1809. In one fom or another these ams were in use during the period of this study. Asearlyas1799thePennsylvanialegislatureresolvedtoprovidetwocolorsorstandardsfor each regiment of militia or Volunteers in its service. Both colors were to be to the same size: 4.5 feet on the staff and 6.5 feet on the fly. One was made of dark blue silk and had an American eagle bearing the arms of the Commonwealth painted in the center. In its upper left comer was placed the regimental designation encircled by 13 white stars. The other color was the Stars and Stripes, in whose canton was the same regimental designation and white stars. It is not known how long colors of these designs were in use or, indeed, if they ever were in these forms. Although regimental colors are reported in the 1850's as being among Common- wealth stores, we have no record of their actual issue to troops prior to 1861. The steps taken by Pennsylvania to provide colors at the outbreak of the Civil War are of particular interest. A joint resolution of the legislature of 16 May required the governor to provide"reginentalstandards"forall"regimentsnowinthefieldorfonning,"ortobeformed during the war. Those that bore the same numbers as regiments raised in earlier wars were to bear the names of the actions in which the older regiments had distinguished themselves. Colorsweretobereplacedasneeessary,andattheendofaregiment'sservicetheyweretobe retuned to the Adjutant General to have new battle honors enscribed on them. The collection of Civil War colors at Harrisburg, like most state flag collections, is not helpful in determining if these provisions were carried out or in discovering even the most general characteristics of Civil War flags. However, a detailed list of all colors issued cormandsandretumedbythembetweenSeptember1861andJuly1866isgivenintheJicporf 1126

of the Adjutant General for 1866, pages 16-19. Judging from this list, about two-thirds of the infantry regiments received two or mo.re colors, the remainder but one. Cavalry regiments received either one or two standards plus ten guidons. On 10 September 1861 the regiments of the Permsylvania Reserve Corps, then at Termelly- town, Md. , were presented with their colors. President Lincoln, Governor Curtin of Pennsyl- vania, and many distinguished persons were present. The governor explained how he had used money provided by the Society of the Cincirmati to have these colors made and that he had "placed in the centre of the azure field of stars, the arms of the State." ThenationalcolorssopresentedwereofU.S.regulationsizeand,asthegovemorsaid,bore the ams of the state in the canton together with the full quota of stars, although occasionally only a horse.s head from the state seal was used. The regimental designation was painted in gold on the 4th and 5th red stripes from the top. These regiments received only national colors; apparently regimental colors were not provided at this time, and perhaps never. In 1870 the Adjutant General asked for money "to issue a State color to each regimental organization as formed . . . of the same style as those presented by the State to the Pennsylvania regiments of the late war."

4Sasn F?Zl

ORDER 0F BATTLE

VOLUNTEER MILITIA

(Redesigraied PENNsrl;yANIA NATIONAL GUARD in 1870)

( I sl Division)

• l§t Troop, Philadelphia city cavalfy entire period Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861; 90 drys, 1863 Dress.. Dark blue coatee. red collar and silver lace. 3 rows of white metal ball buttons comected by silver lace cord . silver lace wings; patent leather helmet thmmed with white lnetal and a large bearskin crest; red and white belt; medium blue trousers with double red stripe, or white breeches and high patent leather boots . Undress.. Blue cloth stable jacket with rod collar and single row of white ball buttons; visorle§s blue cloth forage cap with red band ; medium blue trousers. as above . fi.czd Scrvi'cc, /86/-/86J.. US dragoon jacket. forage cap, sky blue trousers; also US leg blouse, dark blue Troop overcoat. US res acouteTTncnts. • Frishmuth Cav [Rcgt) (Philadelphia) 1869-1870 eJ' ls( Regt Cav, PNG (disb) 1870-1871 • Cav Bn, 2nd Brig, lst Div (Rolborough Bn; Philadelphia Co) 30 c.1855-.1859 • MCMullin.s lndependen( Comp of Rangers Fed serv: 3 mos. 1861 only *° Dack blue shell jacke( and pants, (?) pants stripe, dirk blue forage cap. • lst Regt of Arty. Ist Brig, lst Div (Philadelphia) 'o 1856 5o (Included Ardllerists, State Arty, Arty Corps, Washington Grays, National Arty, Philadelphia City Grays, Cndwalader Grays, Wes( Philadelphia Grays) Arty Bn, lst Brig, ist Div 1856-1859 lst Regt of Arty. Ist Brig, lst Div 1859-1861 also 17th Vol Imf Rcgt (The Quckcr Rcg() Fed serv: 3 IIros 1861 ats veterans formed lst Gray Reserves in Philadelphia Reserve Brig, a.v.; only Arty Corps, Washington Grays conthued active eristence) 1127

ORDER OF BATTLE /con/I.need/

Arty Corps, Washington Grays 1861 on also 2lst Rest Imf Militia (in part) Fed serv: 15 days. 1862 7o /86/.. Compe distinctively dressed. Pfu."c/pAfo Crty Grays.. gray frock con trinmed with black, brass buttons. gny fatigue cap(?). Arty Co.pr,Warfu.ng/on GrtyJ//a /86/).. gray utl coat and pants. freed with black and gold lace; black leather bcl){towned cap with diainond plate; white belts; bass scales. (Oner comp uniforms act horn.) c. /8J9-/86/.. regirmul ulfofTn eloped by some camps: dark blue frock coat and pants. black felt hat timnnd with leather aiid distinetivc insigiva. AS /7wh Vo/ /tyr.. US rcg inf clothing; possibly dmb felt hat. /860.. M1855 rifle musket. • Keystone Btry (Philadelphia; iecoustituted: formerly in Philadclphia Hofne G`]ard Brig.) 6c> 1867 on • Philadelphia Vc¢enn Light Arty Rcgt-Reserve Brig 1867-1870 1870 on 7c, PhiLadclphia Veteran Light Arty Dn] (Probably US res light arty clothing.) • lst Rcgt of lnf, lst Brig, lst "v (Philadelphia) 'o c.1861 (ncluded State Fcncibles. Washington Blues, National Grays. City Feneiblcs, Natioml Guards, Indepcndcn( Grays. Continental Gund. Gar{l¢ lAfaycttc, Philadelphia Zouave Corps. Philadelphia Light Guard) Ovational Guards withdrew 1860 to fom 2nd Rest, lst Brig, a.v.) also l8th Vol lnf Rest Fed selv: 3 flros. 1861 (St4¢c Feneiblcs only caps to continue active eristence; il was reconstituted in 1871) Staec Fcnciblcs (comp) 187l on ro/86/..compsdistinctivclydessed.S/ctcFcncth/cs//8j2-/86//..USreginffrockcoat,blackpantswithbuffstripe,US reg dfcss cap. white belt; //8jj-/86// double-boasted blue frock coat. black pants with buff sdipc, lym skin fur hat, white belts with plate bearing profile of Capt. Page; black cpaulcts with brass scales and gold bulliol], I)run Corps //8J9-J86//..scarlctjacket,bluepants.bluecap.whitebclt./87/on..darkbluedouble-breastodtailcoat,gilttrimmings and blue and gold quulcts; sky blue pants, white gditefs; lynx skin fur hat, white belts. Gande Zqrnycwc //860-/86//.. single-beeasted dark blue frock coat, red cuffs. collar and shoulder hcts; scarlet pants; blue fatigue cap with fed band; all EM caTrfed shod light sword. Pfu.hade4Afo2bunveCopS//860-/86//..zounveunifom,bluejacketandvcs.laeedwithycllow.redcuffs,scarlctfull pants. ined fez with white turban. g[cavcs and white canvas leggings; vivandicrc special dress; officers. Ffench zounvc officer's dress. • 2nd Rcg( of Imf, lst Brig, let Div o{atioml Guards; Philadelphia) 1860-1870 qc> also l9th vol ldfRcgt Fed scrv: 3 mos.186l also goth vol Imf Rest Fed serv: 186l-1864 (cneed Philadclphia Rcservc Brig 1861 as 2nd Rcgt, or lst Blue Rcscrvcs) also National Gund Bn Fed serv: 15 days,1862 2nd Regt hf. PNG 1870 on /8cO-/86/.. gray tail coat and pants timmed with black and gold. black dress cap with brass plate marked `2" and "Natiul Gund," black pompon. J86/ .. fatigue dress probably dark blue shell jacket, pants and forage cap. AS /SI B/ue

RcScwcs and prohab/y as 90.A Vods.. chasscu dress, clack blue coat and cap, sky blue full pants, leather gaiters. /862-/863.. M1842 musket. • Rifle Bn, lst Brig, lst Div (Gcman Rifle Rcgt; Philadelphia) c. 1858-1861 ice (hcluded Lofayeue RIfles, Sarsfield Rifles, Washington Rifles, Philedclphia Rifles, Jackson Rifles) also 2lst Vol Imf Rcgr (Philadelphia Rifles) Fed scrv: 3 mos, 1861 • Arty Bn, 2nd Brig, lst Div (Philadelphia Courty)i ic3 c. 1855<. 1859 • lst Reg( of Imf, 2nd Brig, lst lhiv (Philadc]phia County).&O c. 1855i. 1859 • 2nd Rcgt of Imf, 2nd Brig, lst Div (Philadelphia County) c. 1855-1861 Fed scrv: 3 mos. 1861 / 3o also 24th Vol hf Rcgt (also nuelcus of 69th Vol Imf kegt [hish Rcgt), g.v.) 1128

ORDER OF BATTLE /conJI.nued/

• Veteran 69th Rest (recoustifuted) 1869-1870 7th Rest lnf, PNG 1870-1873 lh° ro /86/.. probably wore darl[ blue frock coat and pants trinmed with green. dark blue dress cap similar to US M185l with green band. As 24.A Vo/a.. blue jacket and pants trimmed with green. blue forage cap; M1855 rifle musket. • RIfle Bn, 2nd Brig, lsl Div (Philadelphia county) i50 c.1855-c.1859 • lst Regt of vols. 3rd Brig, lst Div (Philadelphia county) to l857 I too (Included Wayne Arty, Continental Guards, Fletcher Grays. United Rifles, Taylor Rifles, Eagle Rifles. etc.) (broken up 1857 `o fom Arty Regt and Rifle Regr) Comps distinctively dressed. • Any Regt, 3rd Brig, lst Div (Philadelphia County) 1857-1859

iio (hcluded philadelphia city G`rard) Arty Bn, Sid Brig. ist Div 1859-.1865 also 23rd Vol Imf Regt (Philadelphia City Guard) Fed serv: 3 fnos. 1861 also 23rd Vol Imf Regt (Bimey's Zouaves) Fed serv: 1861-1864 Philadelphia City Guard (rccoustituted) 1868-1870 3rd Rest hi, PNG 1870 on /86/ .. As BI.rrty'S Zocovcs wore dark blue zouave jacket. semi-zouave pants, and vest , all with red cord piping; dark blue forage cap. /862-/863.. Austrian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. Reg inf clothing. • Rifle Regt. 3rd Brig. Ist Div (Philadelphia County)180 1857<.1861 • lst Regt of lnf. 3rd Brig. Ist Diy (Philadelphia Light Guard) 1857-1865 iqo also 22nd vol lnfRegt Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861 also 106th Vol Imf Regt (5th California Regt) Fed serv: 1861-1865 /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • Commonwealth Arty Comp (Philadelphia)?oC> Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861 Scott Legion c.186l-1862 }10 also2othvollnf Rcgt Fed scTv: 3 mos, 1861 68th Vol Imf Regt Fed serv: 1862-1865 /86/.. Mexican War style uniform: sky blue shell jacket and pants. dark blue forage cap. /862.. probably US reg inf clothing. /862-/864.. Enfield rifle.

plnLADELplnA RESERVE BRIGADE

• lst Regt lnf (lst Gray Reserves) 1861-1870 }?a (April-Sept l86l called 3rd Regt, lst Brig, lst Div. PM) also 7th Regt lnf Militia (lst Gray Reserves) Fed serv: 15 days. 1862 also 32rd Regt hi Miliha Fed seTv: 90 days, 1863 also ll9th Vol Imf Reg( (Gray Reserve Regt) Fed serv: 1862-1865 ` lst Regt Imf, PNG (Gray Reserves) 1870 on /86J-/86f.. Gray frock coat and pants, black felt dress hat. As 7th and 32rd Militia and 119th Vols .. US res tatgue dress., 1865-1869.. dark bfue chassoul coat and sky bfue [acings. sky blue chasseur pants, dress cap with black ccek.s feather plulne; /869-/870.. shor( dark blue coat with white facings and lace on white piping and pompon; /870 on.. dark blue tail coat with 3 rows of buttons, white epaulets and white and gold lace facings; sky blue pants with white sthpe; black dress cap with white pompon.

¢ • 2nd Regt Imf: see 2nd Regt Imf (National Guards), VOLUNTEER hmlTIA • 3rd Regt ltif (2nd Gray Reserves) 186li.1865 ap also 25th Rest lnf Militia Fed serv: 15 days, 1862 1861<.1865 9.604th::gr8#::;dEuerf:res> Fed serv: 15 drys, 1862 also 33rd Regt hf Militia Fed serv: 90 days, 1863 1129

ORDER OF BATTLE /conti.nwed/

` pmLADELPHIA HOME GUARD BRIGADE

(All Home Guard elements were clothed, armed and equipped by the City of Philadelphia: 4,976 muskets or rifles, 5 ,OcO sets ofinfaccou(erlnents,I,000setsofrifleaccouterments.440cavsabers,326cavpistols,etc.wererepor(edbyAdjutantGeneralof PeRAsylvania as on band in 1863.) • lst Troop, City Home Gundjto 1861-1865 (?) • Washington Ligh( Cav (comp] }ro 1861-1865 (?) • ]st Regt Arty 1861-1865 (?)

leo:8o6:;J:6(ji:::::::.«:::;;in..grayunifomjacket.fullpantsandfongecap,alltrirmedwithblack(?)cloth. Fed serv: 15 days, 1862 Fed scrv: 30 days, 1863 Fed Scrv /86j.. US leg fatigue blouse, gray pants, gray felt hat with arty insignia; leather boots. Issued 6 ten-par Parrott rifled cannon and 3 silt-pdr cast steel rifled canlion. Comp D Oriller's Btry) Fed serv: 15 days, 1862 Fed serv: 30 days, ]863 Issued 4 mountain howitzers. Comp 8 (Robertson's Btry) Fed scrv: 15 days, 1862 Issued 20-pdr canon. Comp 8 (Hastings' or Keystone Btry: loth PafTott Btry) Fed serv: 1862-1863 Fed serv: loo days, 1864 (Tecoustifuted in the Vol Militia in 1867, q.v.)

• lstReg(hf}qo 1861-1865 (?) • 2ndRegtlnf `co 1861-1865 (?) • 3rdRegtlnf 1861-1865

310 also 20th Regt Imf Militia Fed serv: 15 days, 1862 Fed serv: 90 days, 1863 also 192nd Regt hi Militia Fed serv: loo days, 1864 Fed serv: I year, 1864-1865 • lst Regt Rifles SIC (?) • 2nd Regt Rifles 33C) (?)

pHnLADELplnA rosT-WALR MILITIA cOMMANDs :. i ,-

• i Phila-de]Ph-iiiTire-Zowcs 1867-1870 1870-1873 3ro4th:|eu8eLj¥k'e:£medwithredandbrassbu||etbuttons;skyb|uevestandfullpantsformeTthmJnedwithre"uechasseur cap,redband,redandwhitepompon;whiteclothgaiters.Brass2-piecebcl(bucklewith"P.F.Z."Ogivcers..bluefrcekcoat with special gold cuff lace and epaulets; sky blLie pants; same cap. Brass cap device, fLreman's style, with "P.F.Z./PSM." M1863 rifle musket. • Wcccacce Ifgion (also called Keystone Guards; Philadelphia) 35o 1867 on (Comp A organ loco as Weecacce Fire Comp) • Philadelphia zouaves [Regt) 9GC> 1868-1869 • Montgomery Guards (Bn] (Philadelphia) STD 1868-1869 • Fritz Zouaves [Regt] (Philadelphia) 1869-1870 b6°5th Regt lnf, PNG 1870-1872 • 9th Regt hi, PNG (disb)3qo 1870-1872 • Thomas Rcgt (consol of National Greys and Zouaves d'Affique) 1969-1870 Ace 6th Regt hi, PNG 1870 on • loth Regl lnf, PNG (Philadelphia) 1870 (Only) 4/a 1130

ORDER OF BATTLE /con/I.need/

• 8th Regr hf, PNG (Philadclphin; disb) 1870-1872 i'O

upe (Provisional Brig. Colored)

I lth Rest Imf. PNG (Philadelphia) 1870 on • 12th Regt lnf, PNG (Philadelphia; disb) 1870-1873 • 13th Rcgt lnf, PNG (Philadelphia; disb) 1870-1873

(2rd Division) - ap • lsl Rcgt of Vols. Ist brig, 2nd DIY (Bucks County) 'o c. 1861 (Included Union Troop of Cav, Pemsylvania Blues) • 2nd Rest of Vols. Ist Brig, 2nd Div Oucts County) 'o c. 1861 (Included United Huzzans, Union Blue Arilterists, Pennsylvania lndepcndcnt BIues, Natioml Blues, Bucks Co Imf. Jachon Gunrds) • Union Rifle Bn. Ist Brig, 2nd Div Ousts County) 'o c. 1861 • Chtre Bn, lst Brig, 2nd Div (Bucks County) 'o 1861 (Doylestowh Guards) (assigned to 25th Vol lnf Rest. q.v.,1861; not reconstituted) ro/8j8..USregtartydressaswom1846;/8j8-/66/..USf€ginfdressM1854,grayovercoat,USM1855riflcmusketand a~tcrtneDts. • lst Bn, 2nd Brig, 2nd Div (Montgomery County) c. 1856-1859 lst Regt, 2nd Brig. 2nd lnv 1859i. 1861 also 4th Vol Militia Rcgt Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861 13th Rcgt, PNG (rcconstifuted) 1870 oo • 2nd Regt, 2iid Brig, 2nd Div (Montgomery County) 1859-1861 • lst Bn, 3rd brig, 2nd Div (Dclawafe County) c. 1859-1861

(3rd Division) -USO • lst Bn. Ist Brig, 3rd Div (Chester County) c. 1855-. 1862 also loth Rcgt Imf Militia Fed serv: 15 days, 1862 • Griffin Btry (reconstirmed) 1871 on (3.66-in rifled Griffin guns) • lsl Rcgt. 2nd Brig, 3rd DIY (l"caster County) 1858-. 1863 also 12th Regt Imf Militia Fed scTv: 15 days, 1862 also 50th Regt hi Militia Fed serv: 30 days, 1863 (Included Manhcim Riflcfncn. Washington Rifles, lancaster Fcneibles, Jackson Rifles. Safe Harbor Arty)

(4th Division) - UHO

avo fcg(a organ. included Worth Imf, York Rifles. Independent Blues, Marian Rifles)

(5Ih Division) +|® • Rceding Bn, lst Brig. 5th Div (Beds county) c.1855i.186l (Contained Ringgold Light Arty which wofc inodified US light arty dress and wee equipped with 4 6-pdr brass guns. Also Reading Troop, Keystone Lanecrs, RIiiggold Ligho Arty. Reading Aftillerists. Reading Rifles. Aincrican Rifles) • Ha[nbung Bn. Ist Brig. 5th Div (Beds county) lo c.186l (Included Hamburg Arty, IfnhartsviLlc Arty, Pleasant Valley Arty, Bchcs County RIfle Rangers, Windsor Cav) • Ttrylor Bn, lst Brig, 5th Div (Bcrlcs county) to c.186l (Included National Troop, Washington RIfles. Pennsylvanin Arty, Wachington Arty, Scan Arty) • Urion Bn, lst Brig, 5th lhiv (Bcrks County) c. 1855i. 1861 (IBcludcd Washington Troop. Jackson Arty, Keystone Rifles, Ringgold RIfl€s) 1131

ORDER OF BATTLE /cowfl.wwed)

• Marian Bn. Ist Brig, 5th Div (B€rks county) 1855i.186l (Included Rehrersburg Cav, Washington Guards. Washington Legion, Ringgold Light Imf, Monlue Troop) • Maidenereek Bn, lst Brig, 5th Div (Berks County) c. 1855-. 1860 • lst Regt, 2nd Brig, 5th Div (Ilebanon County) c. 1859-(?) • lst Rcgt, 3rd Brig, 5th Div (Dauphin County) c. 1856- (?)

(6Ih Division) LtBc> • lst Regt, lst Brig, 6th Diy (Schuylhill County) 'o c. 1863 also 39th Regt Imf Militia (in paft?) Fed serv: 30 days, 1863 (Included Minersville Arty, Washington Arty, National Ligh( Imf, Scott St. Clair ]nf, Washington Yeagers, Scott Rifles) • 2nd Regt, lst Brig, 6th Div (Schuymll county) to l86l (?) (Included Tamaqua Cav, Tamaqua Arty, West Pem Arty. Jefferson Arty, German Light Imf, Union Rifle Rangers) Ashland Bn, lst Brig, 6th Div (Schuymll County) c. 1854-1859 3rd Regt, lst Brig. 6th Div 1859<. 1861 (Included Ashland Cav, Marion Arty, Patterson Gualds, Ashland Rifles) Minersville Bn. Isl Brig, 6th Div (Schuylkill County) 1859<. 1861 • Mchantango Vol Bn, lst Brig, 6th Div (Schuylkill County) to 1859 4th Rc8t, ist Brig. 6th Div 1859i. 1861 (Included Tremont Imf. Jackson Blues, Malantango Imf, Donaldson rifles) • National Bn, 2nd Brig, 6th Div (Monroe County) c. 1855-1859 lst Regt, 2nd Brig, 6th Diy 18594. 1861 • lst Bn, 3rd Brig. 6th Div (Carbon County) c. 1858-1859 lst Regt, 3rd Brig, 6th Diy 1859~. 1861

(7th Division) uqo • lst Rcgt, lst Brig, 7th Div (Northampton County) 1859i. 1861 • 2nd Regt, lst Brig. 7th Div (Nofthampton County) 1859<. 1861 • lst Cav Bn, 2nd Brig, 7th Div (Irehigl) County) c. 1854i. 1859 • lst Regt, 2nd Brig, 7th Div (I+ehigh County) 1859<. 1861 (Contained, 1859-1861, Allen Rifles, which wore grey uniform with black and gold thmmings; flintlock muskets.)

(8th Division) Eco • lst Bn, lst Brig. 8th Div (Nofthumberland County) c. 1856-. 1861 • Union Independent Bn, 2nd Brig, 8th Div (Union County) c. 1855-. 1861 • DanvilLe Vol Bn, 3rd Brig, 8th Div (Montour County) c. 1855-. 1861 • lst Regt, 4th Brig, 8th Div (Snyder County) c. 1857-. 1861

(9Ih Division) 5.a

• Bn Columbia Guards, lst Brig, 9th Div (Columbia County) c. 1855<. 1861 • Rest of Union Guards, 2nd Brig, 9th Div (Luzeme County) c. 1855<. 1859 • Wyoming Regt of Vols, 2nd Brig, 9th Div (Luzeme County) c. 1855<. 1859 (3 WiLkes-Barre comps were nucleus of 8th Vol Mil Regt 3 mos 1861) • hvincible Vol Bn, 2nd Brig, 9th Div (Luzerne County) c. 1855i. 1859 • Hunthgton and Union Vol Bn, 2nd Brig, 9th Div c. 1855-1859 a.uueTne county) Hunthgton Vol Regt, 2nd Brig. 9th Div 1859<. 1861 • 15th Regt, PNG (Luzeme county) 1870 on (Included Wyoming Artillerists with brass 6-ndrs.) • 17th Regt, PNG a,uzerne conty) 1870 on • 3rd Provisional Bn, PNG a.uzeme County) 1870 on 1132

ORDER OF BATTLE /confl.nwed/

(10thDivision)SV°

• lst Reg( of Vote, ls( Brig, loth Div (Susquehanm County) to c. 1861 • lst Bn, 2nd Brig. loth Div (Wdyne County) c. 1856-1859 lst Regt, 2nd Brig. "h Div 1859i. 1861 (Included Washington Guards, Jefferson Rifle Comp, Wayne Arty Comp, lrfayette Guards. Emnett Guards)

(llthDivision)93°

• lst Bn of Cav, lst Brig, llth DIY a.ycoming Conty) to c. 1857 lst Regt, lst Brig, llth "v 1857-.1861 (Included lst LycoTning Troop, Wcodward Guards, Money Guards, bmeseone Guards. Taggaft's Guards, Hughesville Guards, Lairdsville Guards, Brady Arty)

• 2nd Bn of Car, lst Brig, llth Div a.ycoming County) to c. 18` (consol with lst Bn) • lst Regt, 2nd Brig, llth Div (Clinion County) c. 1857<. I,

(12th Division) 9xp

• lst Bn of Vols, lst Brig. 12th Div (Clarion Conty) to c. 1858 lst Regt, lst Brig, 12th Div c. 1858-. 1861 • 2nd Bn of Vols, lst Brig, 12th Div (Clarion County) to c. 1858 • 3rd Bn of Vote, lst Brig, 12th Div (Clarion County) 'o c. 1858

I l3th Division] ap

• lst, 2nd and 4th Bns of Vols, lsl Brig, 13th Div (Bradford Cb`mty) 'o c. 1855 • lst Bn of Vols. 2fld Brig, 13th Div aioga County) 'o c. 1857 lsi Regt, 2nd Brig, 13th "v c. 1857<. 1861

( 14th Division) Eb®

• Brady Rest of Mifflin and Juniata Coundes, 14th DIY to c. 1857 ls! Regt, lst Brig, 14th Div (Juniata County) c. 1857-1859 lst Bn, lst Brig, 14th Div 1859<. 1861 • lst Bn. 2nd Brig. 14th Div (Mifflin County) c. 1857i. 1861 (contained,1858-1861,IioganGuards,whichworeUSreginfclothing;M1842musket;alsoMifflinCountyDhagoous,I"rin Guards, Belleville Fencibles) • Uhion Regt of Centre County, 3rd Brig, 14th Diy (o c. 1856 lst Regt, 3rd Brig, 14th Div (Centre County) c. 18564. 1861

• 2nd (or Centre) Bn, 3rd Brig, 14th Div (Centre CoLmty) 'o c. 1861 • ls( Bn, 4th Brig, 14th DIY Olunting(on County) to c. 1861 • lst Regi, 5th BIig, 14th "v (Clearfeld Conty) c. 1858i. 1861

( 15Ih Division) SID

• lst Rest of Vols. Isl Brig, 15th "v (Cumberland County) to c. 1861 • lst Bn. 2nd Brig, 15th Diy a=fankLin County) 'o c. 1858 lst Regt, 2nd Brig. 15th Diy c. 1858i. 1861 • 2nd Bn of Vols, 3rd Brig, 15th Div Oeny County) to c. 1855 1133

ORDER OF BATTLE /conll.naed/

( 16Ih Division) Sgb • lst Rest, lst Brig, 16th Div Oedford County) c. 1858-. 1861 • lst Rcgt, 2nd Brig, 16th DIY (SomeTset County) to c. 1861 • lst Regt, 3rd Brig, 16th Div (Cambria County) c. 1858-. 1861 • lst Bn, 4th Brig, 16th Div (Blir County) c. 1857-1858 ist Rcgt, 4th Brig, i6th Div 18584. 1861 • Sheridan Troop 1871 on • ls( Bn, 5th Brig, 16th Div a=ulton County) 1859<. 1861

(17.h Division) 9ac> 2nd Bn of Cav, lst Brig, 17th Div (Westmoreland County) to c. 1858 lst Bn Cav, lst Brig, 17th Div 1858<. 1861 lst Regt of Imf, lst Brig. 17th Div (Westmoreland County) to c.1858 lst Plovisional Bn, PNG 1872 on r 2nd Rest of Vols, lst Brig, 17th "v (Westmoreland County) to c. 1858 lst Bn. Ist Brig, 17th Div 18584. 1861 • hi Bn, 2nd Brig, 17th Div (Faycttc County) c. 1855-1859 lst Bn. 2nd Brig. 17th Div 1859<. 1861 • 2nd Bn. 2nd brig. 17th Div (Fayctte County) 1859<. 1861 • lst Regt, 3rd Brig, 17th Div (Washington County) 1858<. 1861 • 2nd Rest, 3rd Brig. 17th Div (Washington County) 1858<. 1861

(I8th Division) bcio • lst Regt, lsl Brig, 18th Div (Allegheny County) c. 1857-1862 also 12th Vol Imf Rest (Washington lnvincibles) Fed serv: 3 rno§, 1861 also 13th Vol Imf Regt Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861 (nucleus of 102nd Vol lnf Regt, a.v.) also 15th Regt lnf Militia Fed serv: 15 days, 1862 l9th Rcgt Imf, PNG (oeconstituted) 1871 on (comps disthctively dressed to 1861 ; /86/-/670.. US reg inf clothing mainly /870 on.. dark blue frock coat, sky blue pants, chasscur cap with white cocks feather plume. • 14th Regt Imf, PNG 1870 on AIl zouave comps. • 18th Regt Imf, PNG (Duquesne Grays) I 870 on • Knap's Btry ®try E, Vol Lt Arty) 1861-1865 also Knap.s Btry Fed serv: 60 days, 1863 also Knap's lst Bn Militia Arty Fed serv: loo days, 1864 Knap.s Bq)I (reconstituted) I 870 on Gcncully wore US regt nght arty clothing and accoutements throughout. Issued 3-in rifled Pamtts 1870. • Hampton's Pennsylvania Btry (reconstituted) 1871 on 3-in rifled Pamtts. • 3rd Provisional Bn, PNG (Pittsburgh Light Gund) 1870 on • lst Regt. 2nd Brig, 18th Div (Amstrong County) c. 1855i. 1861 4th Provisional Bn, PNG (reconstituted) 1871 on • lst Regl, 4th Brig, 18th Div (Jefferson County) 1859<. 1861 1134

ORDER OF BATTLE /conrl.nacd/

(I9Ih Division) u`t' • Butler Bn, lst Brig, 19th lhiv c. 1855-. 1858 • MarioD Bn, lst Brig, 19th Div (Butler County) c. 1855-1859 Marian Rcgt, lst Brig, 19th "v 1859i. 1861 • Jackson Bn, ls( Brig, 19(h Div c. 1855-. 1861 • Ptospcct Bn, lst Brig, 19th DIY c. 1855-. 1858 • Lofayctte Bn, lst Brig, 19th Dtiv c. 1855i. 1858 • DarLi[]gton Bn, 2nd Brig, 19th Div (Bcav¢r County) 'o c. 1858 • Blcomfi€ld Bn, 2nd Brig. 19th DIY (Beaver County) 'o c. 1858 • let Regt, 2nd Brig, 19th Div (Bcavcr County) c. 1858<. 1861 • lst Rcgt Of Vole. 3rd Brig, 19th Div Orerccr County to c. 186,

(20thDivision).ry®

• lst provisional Bn (Crawford county) 18-/ • lst Bn, 2nd Brig. 20(h Div (Erie County) 1855<. 11 also Eke Res( Fed scrv: 3 mos. 18t, /86/.. scnri-zouavc dress of "blue jacket and pants, and shirt of yellow flamel." 2nd Provisioml BD (fccoustitutcd) 1871 on

i86i THREE-MONnl VOLUNTEER unTIA REGIRENTS

• .`First Pefcnders." A provisional fofcc of 5 Vo] Militia comps, the first lo leave Pennsylvania and the first to reach b3P yo:¥gr=dRinAI¥e:]d#::,` #hi°:,:e:¥::bg:Gw¥3. ::wLec¥:::;,::++ Light hf and washrtyon Arty. of

• 25th vol lnf Rcgt toflo Fed scrv: 3 [nos,186l

to.-;a ]S' :ef blue blouse. pants and fongc cap, gny shin; off]ccrs in us res. Fed serv: 3 `nes.186l •bco2nd(¥ as ]st Rest) Fed scrv: 3 mos,186l

Fed serv: 3 mos. 1861 :"3rdcRocgposedcDdeiyofmiiitiacompewcchgsoteut_.ndifledbyuscofnewclothingasissuedlstRest. • 4th Rcgt: see 2nd Div, PM • 5thRegt 66o Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861 • 6thRcgt 69o Fed serv: 3 rno§, 1861 • 7th Rcgt (Scott Legion? Washington lnvincibles?) 7oo Fed serv: 3 res. 1861 ® 8thRc8' Fed serv: 3 laos, 1861 7JO Mi|ith dress won by 3 comps. • 9thRegt72o Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861 • lonRcgt7£o Fed serv: 3 fros, 1861 • llth Rcgt rvcteran) 7t/a 1861-1865 /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /863.. Einficld rifle. /864.. Springficld rifled muskets. • 12th-13th Rcgts: see l8th Div. PM 7SO • 14th Regt76C> Fed serv: 3 mos, 1861 • 15thRcg(17o Fed scrv: 3 rnes, 1861 1135

ORDER OF BATTLE /co"tl.nwed)

• 16thReg' Fed scrv: 3 mos, 1861 `,¥r:.® Militia dress won by 9 comps. • 17th-24th Rcgts: see ls( Div, PM loo • 25th Rest: see "First Defenders," above ?°° (This series is continued under VOLUNTEER INFANTRY)

i862 EMERGENCY MmITIA (Not uniformed unless noted otherwise.)

81® Militia cavalry

(17 independent comps; no conneclion established with existing hilitia?) all 15 days. 1862

e® Militia Artillery • Capt. E. Spencer Miller.s Btry: see lsi Regt Arty, PHILADELPHIA HOME GUARD • Capt. Henry D. Lendis. Btry: see lsi Regt Arty. PHILADELPHIA Hohffi GUARD • Capt. A.M. Robertson's Btry: see lst Regt Arty, PHILADELPHIA Hohfi GUARD • Capt. Win. M. Jeffers, USN Btry (Philadelphia Navy Yard) 15 days. i862 • Capt. Jas. D. Dougherty. light field btry. 15 days, 1862 (6-pdrs (Hndsburg) • Capt. E. Robert Pollock's Btry (York) 15 days, i862

&30 Mi[ilia Infantry (I)rovisionally organized unless roled) • istrfth Rcgts 15 days. i862 • 7th Regt: see ls( Rcgt Imf, PHILADELPHIA RESERVE BRIG • 8th Regl: see 4th Regt Inf. PIELADELPHIA RESERVE BRIG ® 9thRe8t 15 days, 1862 • loth Rest: see lst Bn, lst Brig. 3rd Div, VOLUNTEER NILITIA • llthReg' 15 days, 1862 • 12th Rcgt: see lst Regt. 2nd Brig, 3rd Div. VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 13th-14th Rests 15 days. i862 • 15th Regt: see ls( Regt, lst Brig, 18th Div, VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 16th-19th Rests 15 days, i862 • 20th Regt: see 3rd Regt Imf. PHILAI)ELPHIA HOME GUARD • 2lst Regt: see lst Reg( Arty, lst Brig. Ist Div, VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 22nd-24th Regts 15 days, 1862 • 25th Rest; see 3rd Regt Imf, PHILADELPIIIA RESERVE BRIG • National Guard Bn: see 2nd Regt Imf, lst Brig, lst Div, VOLUNTEER MILITIA • Baldwin Light Imf Bn 15 days, 1862 (Also 44 independent imf comps) all i5 days. i862

1863 ERERGENCY MILITIA (US res clothing unless otherwise noted.)

e 40 M ititia cavalry • Moson's Bn (comps from Schuylkill, Montgomery, Lycoming and Lmcastcr Counties) 45 days, 1863 • Capt. John W. Jones' Comp (Curtin Horse Guards) 6o days, i863 • Capt. Frank A. Mumy.s Comp (Dauphin County) 60 days, 1863 • Capt. Alban H. Myer's Comp (Chester County) 3o days. i863 1136

ORDER OF BATTLE /con/I.naed/

• Capt. Henry H. Bro`^rn's Comp (Luzcme County; Luzcme Rangers) 45 days. 1863 • lst Troop Philadelphia City Cav: see lsl Div, VOLUNTEER MILITIA • Capt. James M. Bell's Comp (Blair County [Altoona)) 45 deys, i863 • Capt. R. W. Hammell's Camp (Philadelphia; Dana Troop) 75 days. i863 • Capt. William 8. Dick's Comp (Westmoreland County) 9o days, i863

a;9D Militia Ariillery • Capt. Henry D. IAndis' Btry: see ls( Regt Arty, PIIELADELPIIIA HchAI GUARD • Capt. E. Spencer Miller.s Btry: see lst Rest Arty, PHILADELPHIA HOME GUARD • Capt. Benohi Frishmuth's Btry (Philadelphia) 6o drys. i863 • Capt. Edward Fitzki's Btry (Philadelphia) 60 days, 1863 • Capt. Joseph M. Knap's Btry (AIJegheny County): see l8th Diy, VOLUNTEER hm.ITIA • Capt. George R. Guss's Btry (Chester County) 6o days. i863 • Capt. W. C. Ementrout's Btry (Berks County) 60 days, 1863

eye Militia lrtyarty • 20th Regt: scc 3rd Rcgt hi, PIELADELPIIIA HOME GUARD • 26th-3lst Rcgts 30 days. 1863 • 32nd Regt: see lst Regt Imf. PHILADELPIHA RESERVE BRIG • . 33rd Rcgt: see 4th Regt Imf, PmLAI)ELPIHA RESERVE BRIG • 34th38th Rests 30 days. 1863 • 39th Regt: see 6th Div, PM • 40th Regt (lst Coal Trade Rcgt) 30 days. 1863 Uhiformcd and amed by the Coal Trade of Philadelphia. • 4lstJ3rd Regts 3o days, i863 • 44th Rest (The Merchants' Regt) 30 days. 1863 • 45th Regt (lst Union League Regt) 30 days, 1863 • 46th48th Rests 3o days, i863 • 49th Regt (2nd Com Exchange Regt) 3o days, i863 • 50th Rcgt: see lst Regt, 2nd Brig, 3rd Div • 5lst Regt (2nd Coal Trade Regt) 30 days. 1863 (Uniformed and arlned by the Coal Trade of Philadelphia.) • 52nd Regt (2nd Union I*ague Regl; National Guard Rcgt?) 3o days. i863 • 53rd-58th Rcgts 30 days, 1863 • 59th Rcgt (3rd Union Ifague Regt) 30 days, 1863 • 60th Regt (Victunlcrs' Regt; Washington Guards) 3o days, i863 • Litzinger.s Bn 3o days, i863 • M'Keage's Bn 3o drys. i863 (Also 15 independen( imf comps, aJl serving 3o days, i863)

€~\o vOLUNrEER cAVALRy

(All cav commands wore US res cav dress and accouterments unless noted otherwise.) • lst Rcgt (15th Reserve corps; 44th vols) 1861-1865 |Lfuo /86/-/865.. US reg cav dress with dress hats, etc. including dark blue pants in 1861. /862-/864.. Sharps and B`imside carbines, Colt afTny Tcvolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • lst provisional Rcgt 1865 • 2bd Regt (59th vols) 1861-1865 /862-/864..Sharpscalbine,Col(armyrevolvcr.M1840andM1860sabersin1862,butequippedexclusivelywithM1860 sabers 1863-1865. • 2nd provisional Rest 1865 1137

ORDER OF BATTIE /coutinued/

• 3rd Rcgt (60th Vols; Young's Kentucky Light Cav) 1861-1865 /862-/864.. Shams carbine. Colt amiy and navy revolvcTs, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 3rd provisional Regt 1865 • 4th Regt (64th vols) 1861-1865 /862.. Sharps carbine, Colt army revolver. M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 5th rest (65th Vols; Calneron hagcous) 1861-1865 /862..Gallaghercarbine,ColtarmyandWhitneynavyrevolvers,M1840andM1860sabers./86J-/864;Sharps carbine , Colt any and mvy revolvers, Whitney navy revolvers, M1860 saber. • 6th Rcgt (70th Vols; Rush's IAncers) 1861-1865 8q°:8#`:£.=:stpercoc::Sp#:?£-vfoTvteLrTfe]8Withse:rT,T6°2:.|%:;£C=%#th;Sshu:t::°j::.S£:yF/?6d3:t)i::

discarded; all comps anned with Shaps carbine; Colt army revolver; M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 7dingii5tELREigL-h-deix3naeiri5ii3-dij5T) ----- ~ -.-- ~ --~h .-~.--~`-I ---- ~-I-~-- ~ .---- i86i-1865 hitiallyissuedBclgianrifles./862-/863..SmithandBumsidecarbine§.§avageamyandnavyTevolvers,Co]tarmyand Rcnington mvy revolvers. M1840 and M 1860 sabers. /864.. Spencer carbine, Colt any revolver. M1840 and M1860 sabers; 2 detachments rcpor(ed amed with Einfield rifles will) bayonets. • 8th Reg( (89th vols; Chormann.s Independent Mounted RIfle Rangers) 1861-1865 /862.. Sharps carbine, Adans revolver, cal .44, Colt army and Remington navy revolvers, M1840 sabers. /863-/864.. Shaps and B`imside carbines, StaIT and Colt any revolvers. • 9th Rcgt (92nd vol§; I+ochiel cav) 1861-1865 J862-/863..Maynard.BumsideandShapscarbines,Coltarmyrevolvers,M1840andM1860sabers./864..Burnsideand Starr caibincs. Colt anny fcvo]ver. M 1860 sabers. • loth Regt: famed to complete organ; this n`rmbcT was used to designate the 2 Pennsylvania troops in the lst New York (Lineoin) Cav Regt, a.v. • I lth Regr (loath vol§; Harlan's Light cav) 1862-1865 /862-/863.. Shaps carbine, Colt any and Remington army and navy revolvers, M1840 and M1860 Sabers. /864.. Bum§ide, Spcnccr, and MefTill carbines, Colt &rny and Beal's any and navy revolvers, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 12th Rcgl (113th vols) 1861-1865 /86J-/864.. B`imside and Sharps carbines, Colt and Remington any revolvers, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • Squadfen of hish Dhagcous (rcdcsig) 1861-1862 13th Rcgt (117th vols) 1862-1865 /862..Gallaghcrcarbine,Colta(]nyrevolver,M1840andM1860sabcrs./86J-/864.'BurnsideandShalpscarbines,Colt and Rcmingron any revolvers, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 14th Rcgt (159th vols; Stantoa cav) 1862-1865 J86J-/864.. Bumside carbine, Stalir fevolver (until 1864), Colt army revolver, M1860 saber. ® i5th Rcgi (I-din voi§; ri~d:fs6n +ca;;---~ I-` ~ -. - i86`2-1865 qoospccialjackctwom;darkbluetriirmedwith2rowsoforaJigelacconcuffsandalledges.J863-/864..Bumsideandsharps qc,C' carbines. Colt any revolver, M1840 saber (exclusively until 1864), M1860 saber. .,.._._.~,.-.-,~-`~18-62:il865---- ® i3rfegTtTdr-st-vd~is; /862-/864.. Shaps cart.ine, Colt and Remington arTny revolvers. M 1840 and M1860 sabers. qes, • 17th Rcct (162nd vols) 1862-1865 /862,.Rcmingtonamyandmvyrevolvers,M1860saber./863-/864..SharpsandBurnsidecarbines,ColtandRemington any revolvers. M1840 and M1860 sabers. • i8th Rcgr (i63rd vois) i862-i865 /863.. Bunide carbine, Colt any revolver, M1840 saber. /864.' Spenccr and Bunside carbines, Colt and Renrington any rcvolvcrs, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 19th Rcgt (180d] Vols) 1863-1866 /863-/864.. Starr and Shams carbines, Remington army and mvy revolvers, M1840 saber (exclusively until 1864), Mi86O sdr. • 20th R€gt (18lst vols) 186+1865 /86j-/864.. Gauagher cart)ine (until 1864), Bumside carbine, Col( army revolver, M1840 and M 1860 sabers. 1138

ORDER OF BATTLE /con/I.waed/

• 2lst Regt (182nd vols) 1863-1865 J86J.. Bumside cafbinc. Colt amiy and Whitney navy revolvers. M1840 saber. • 22nd Regt (185th vols) 1863-1865 Rioggold Bn (later Greenfield's; consol with 22Dd Cav Regt) 1861-1864 /862-/86?..SharpsandStafTcaTbine,ColtandRcmingtonamyandWhitncynavyfcvolvcrs.M1840andM1860sabae. • Dale.s lsicavBn 6 rm. 1863

Independent Caw Coaps C+lo

• AI]dcrson Troop Oosecrans. Escoft; Shcman`s Escon) 1861-1863 • Copt. Robcr( Bcll's Camp (Adans County Cav; consol with 2lst Cav R¢gt) 6 rm. 1863 • IAfayctte Cav (consol with 22nd Cav Rest) 1862-1864 • C.L. MerccTcau's comp 6 mos, 1863-1864 • Ncgley Body Guard Comp (Vanclcvc.s Cav Comp) 5 days. 1862 • Reading City Troop (assigned to lsl Cav Rcgt) 1861 • Washington Cav (consol with 22nd Cav Reg.) 1861-1864 • Weaver.s Independent comp 1864-1865

4}o VoLUNTEER ARTnu=Rv

(All arty commands. so far as is lmovn, wore US rcg arty clothing and accoutcrmcnts.)

• lst Regt a.ight Arty; 14th R¢scrves: 43fd vols) 1861-1865 • 2nd Rcgt qucavy Arty; 112th vols) 1862-1866 also 2nd provisional Regt qucavy Arty; also called 4th Heavy Arty) 1864 US res arty jacket with scales. sky blue pants, forage cap; imf accouterments with carthdge box on waist bc]t. /863-/864.. Sprfugficld rifled muskets. 3rd Rcgt (Heavy Arty; 152nd vols; Scacoasi Arty) 1862-1865 US Tcg foot arty full dress and fatigue. Band wore special unifom. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 4th Rcgt: see 2nd Heavy Arty Rcgt 5th Rcgi Oucavy Arty; 204th Vols) 1864-1865 /864.. SpringficLd rifled muskets. 6th Rcgt qucavy Arty; 212th Vols) 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • Knap's lst Bn Militia Arty: see l8th Div, VOLut`ITEER NIITnA • Robert.s Bn Heavy Arty (consol with 3rd Heavy Arty) 1862-1863 • Segcbafth's Bn Marine Arty (consol with 3rd Heavy Arty) 1862-1863

Indapondent Btrys. Ligfu Arty a(ro • (9 btrys, designated A thni I. on 3.year scrvicc; all wore US rcg light art)r clothing with some modifications. For Knap's Btry E, see l8th DIY, VOLUNTEER mrrIA) • atcystone Btry: see lst Rcgt Arty, PIIELADELPHIA H0hG GUARD) • (4 btrys, designated by name. on 6-fnonth service) 1863-1864 • hdcpcndent comp. Engineers 1862-1865

c\ap VOLUNTEER INFANIRy

(lst-25th Rcgts: see 1861 TmEE-MONTH VOLUNTEER hrfuJ'IIA REGTS) (All rcgts wore US reg imf clothing and accoutcrrlmts unless Doted otherwise.)

• 26th Rcgt (originally rriscd as let Rcgt, Washington Guards in Jab l861. Washington Brig) 1861-1864 /862.. Austhan rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /86j.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1139

ORDER OF BATITE /con.I.need/

• 27th Rcgt (originally nised as 2nd Reg(, Washington Guards in Jab l861, Wachington Brig) 1861-1864 /862-/86j.. Enficld rifle. • 28th Rcgt (Goldstrean Regt) 1861-1865 /862-/863.. Enfield rifles. most of which had saber bayonets. /864.. Springfic[d rifled muckcts. • 29th Rest (Jackson lno 1861-1865 C15b Hnd gray `inifo[ms. /662-/864.. Spriiigficld rifled i"dets. • lst Regt Reserve corps (30th vols) 1861-1864 qcoPaJtlyunifomed:``whiteduckpantsandflannelshirts...fancygrayJackct.scntfromhomc,whileCapaandOvcrcoats, wcrc issued by the govcmment"; Sap. /86/.. had conversions. promised Belgian rifles. J863.. M1842 mudst. • 2nd Rcgt Reserve corps (3lst vol§) 1861-1864 q70 "light blue pants, neat dark blue blouses azid fatigue caps, with their mustkets and bmsscs as brigbt as new dollars." /862-/863.. M 1842 rifled m`iskct. • 3rd Rcgt Resef`rc cofps 1861-1864 Sapi /86/.. "]nodem muskets." flanlc camps had rifles. /862-Jes3.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 4th R¢g( Reserve colps (33rd vols) 1861-1864

_5ti+SRC:i`R¥j{=;_:¥b:ly(3#;:ts¥Sayconvcfsions.H862-/86j..M"2muskets,smcothbe_andrifled.t86]+5ri asp Scpi /86/.. "inferiorunifous; Springfield rifles and Harper's FcfTy muskct8." Noovercoats. /862-/863.. M 1842 musket. • 6th Red-R-esin-a`Cobs--(3-5-d--V6i;r+~ ------i86i-i864 Sap. /86/.. "so[ne camps hal rifles. ctlicrs Harpcr.8 Fcny muskets." /862-JeeJ.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 7th Rcgt Reserve corps (36th vols) 1861-1864 Scp/ J86J.. "improved rifles and muskets." /862-/coj.. M1842 muslBct. • 8th Rcgt Reserve Corps (37th Vols) 1861-1864 Scpi /86J .... Improved rifles and muskets." /862-/66j.. Springfrold rifled muskets. i 8€ `-,, • 9th Rest Reserve Colps (38th Vols) 1861-1864 Sapl /86/.. Camp A, Shaips rifle without bayonet, famished by men; Inost others conversions. No oveneoats. /862.. M1842 musleei. J863.. M1842 rifled musket. • loth regt Reserve corps (39th vols) 1861-1864 Scpi /86/ .. conversions; flank comps had rifles. /862.. EDficld rifle. /663.. Enfield rifles and Springficld rifled muskets. • llth Regr Reserve corps (40th vols) 1861-1864 Sa]ne as loth Regt. /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /66j.. M1842 muckct. • I lth Vol hi Regt: see i86l TmEE-Mor`rnl VOLUNTEER hmrnA REGrmr`rrs • 12th Rcgt Reserve colps (4lst vols) 1861-1864 Sapf/86J..flankcodxpshrd"Minnierifles,"otticrs"Harpcr'sFcfrymuskets."/862..M1842rifledmuskct./863..M1842 musket. • 13th Regt Rcsowes colps (42nd vols; Buektafls; lsl femsylvania Rfflcs) -I--~` `.-'` a -18-6l-il564 C7qc> Wac tail of a deer anached to cap or hat. Initially issued coDvusious. later Spriligfield and Enfield rifle muskets. /862-/86?.. Shaxps rifle and solve Springfield rifled nuskcts in 1863. /864.. issued first model Spcaccr xpating rif]c. rREFR5§iiv-c~ctrii]6-t`4-5jav6i3}:--s5e-(5i-v6i-Lightdy-Rcri 15th Rcgt Reserve Corps (44th Vote): see lst Vol Cav Rcg( 45th Rcgt 1861-1865 J862.. armed lngcly with M1842 musket. J863-/864.. Spriligfield rifled muskets. ® 46thRc8t 1861-1865 /862-J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 47thRe8t 1861-1866 /862-/864.. Springfield rifled musleets. 0 48thReg, 1861-1865 /862-/863.' Enfield rifle. J664.. Springfick) rifled muskets. ® 49thReg, 1861-1865 /862~/86.j.. Austrian rifled rmids, ed .54 or .55. /864.. Enfield rifle and Springfield rifled muskets. 1140

ORDER OF BATTLE /com.naed) • 50th Regt 1861-1865 /862.. Austian rifled muskets, cat .577. /66J-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets and some Enficld rifles in 1863. • 5lst Regt 1861-1865 /862-/663.. Enfi€ld rifle. /664.. Spiingfrold rifled muskets. • 52nd Regt 1861-1865 /662-/664.. amed Lalgely with Springfield rifled muskets, with some Aurfuan rifled muskets, cal .58 in 1863. • 53rd Regi 1861-1865 /862.. M1842 musket. /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 54th Rcgt 1862-1865 /862..Austrianrifledmuskets,cat.54or.55./86J..Enficldrifleswithsabcrbayonet./86¢..Springfieldrifledmuskets;M1841 rifles. ® 55thReg( 1861-1865 /862.. conversions. /86J-/864.. Springfield rifled muckcts with some M1842 muskets in 1863. ® 56thRe8t 1862-1865 /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets with sonc Enficld rifles in 1862. ® 57thRe8t 1861-1865 /862.. Ausoian rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 58thRcgt 1861-1866 /862-/86j.. 8nned largely with Austian rifled muskets, col .54 or .55. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 59th Vols: see 2nd Vol Cav Regt 60th Vois: see 3rd Vol Cav Rcg( 6lst Regl 1861-1865 ______I_q€2.._Sprtygftyp_riQg9=`Tprfee§;M1842musket;andconvasionsL_/ff3i86±4gfieidrifledmuskets. • 62ndRegt 1861-1864 lcco 1861: Untimmed sky blue jackets and touscrs with fussct leggings; /862.. chasseur uniform. (see 83rd Regt) • 63rdReg( 1861-1864 /862.. "JagcT" and cat .57 rifles. /863.. Springfield rifled muslccts. • 64th Vols: see 4th Vol Cav Regt • 65th Vote: see 5th Vol Caw Regt ® 66thRcg( 1861-1862 ® 67thRegt 1862-1865 /862.. Austrian rifled musket, cat .58. /86j-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 68th Reg(: scc Scott I.egion, VOLUNIRE MILrnA • 69th Regt d5aleer Gu=-a:; Irish Regt) 1861-1865

`o\O /86/.. dalk blue shell jacket dimmed with g[ecn, sky bbic Fmts, dndc bhic fong€ cap; M1855 rifle musket. 2 zouave comps wofcbhlezouavejackctdiinmedwithgreen;skybluevestandfullpants;blueforngccap./862(?):USreginfunifcrm;Enfie]d rifle. /86?-/664.. Springfield rifled muskets. • -7oth vois: Sis din-Voi-ca+-keri • 7lst Rcgt ®aker.§ Hlrst california Imf; California Rcgt) 1861-1864

i,.oL±=..]±gra±;E_ac±¥ytsee¥__fi,=::,¥;.¥gfeTdT#T=#:=_muskets.oct,es„sregjrfdese.,se2.. • 72nd Regt ®axter's or philadelphia Fire zouaves) 1861-1864 \°ap:g`bi:86fa=::pix;or¥£:be±:ctnd¥;¥:T=|ca#w¥tc¥al;#o::efe]:'pT:t#th°:.;:¥„C;i%.: "Dresden" and "Suhl" rifled muskets. /86j.. US f€g imf `mifonn; Springfield rifled muskets. (See post-war "Philadelphia Fife

Zounves..) /86j-/864.. Wore .`Baxter`s Knapsack suRExrm," a.v. i--73-fu--R-egtQhahsylvaniaLegion) 1861-1865 /662.. Enfield rifle, some with saber bayonets. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets and some Enfield rifles. • 74th Regt (lst German Reg() 1861-1865 /862-/86j.. Springfield rifled muske¢s and Enficld rifles. • 75th Regt (2nd Grman Regt) 1861-1865 J862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets , 1141

ORDER OF BATTLE /coni!.nwed/ • 76th Regt aceystone zounves) 1861-1865

|edo /86/-?: brown zouave jacket, sky blue full zouave pants, red sash, whi(e shir(, red fez with red and white twisted turban, blue seeks, white gaiters. Officers.. US reg uniform, /862.. EnfLeld rifle. /86j-/864.. Enfield rifle and Springfield rifled muskets. 1861-1866

/862.. Enfield rifle; Liege and "Dresden" and "Suhl" rifled muskets. /863.. armed largely with Enfield rifle. /864.. Spri[Igfield rifled muskets. ® 78thRegt 1861-1865 /662.. M1842 musket. /86j.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springrield rifled muskets. • 79thRegt 1861-1865 /862.. M1842 mudst, /863.. M1842 rifled musket. /864.. Enfield rifle. • 80th Vols: see 7th Vol Cav Regt • 8ls'Regt 1861-1865 /862-/86j.. M 1842 muske(. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 82ndRegl 1861-1865 1861 : convcTsions with Belgian rifles for flank camps; c. /862.. Enfield rifles. /864; ----~------~-~-rT6-1-_i.i83--Springfield rifled muskets. • 83rdRegt D@/86/-/862..FunFfenchchasscurfalgueanddressclothing,primarily:dackbluejacketpipedwithyellow,yellowepaulets; fnediunbheful)pants;bluehomeldepe/i.cc,yellowchm;fussettcathergreaves,whitecLothgaiters./86/-/865..Springfie]d rifled muskets.---- _ _-__I T rT_ ---- ~_-~--r I-T._-.-``-___ --,, _--I_--_ I_. _.--+-_+ .,-. ~. --I--J` T-~,,T ----- T- Tlini;a______1861-1865 /862.. Enfield rifle. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 85thRe8' 1861-1864 /862.. Austhan rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. /86?-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 86th Regt: failed to complete organ • 87th Regl (Ihomas A. Scott Rest) 1861-1865 /862.. Enfield rifle. /863-/664.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 88th Reg( (Cameron Light Guards, or mgcous) 1861-1865 /862-/664.. Enfield rifle. • 89th Vols: see 8th Vol Cav Regl • 9Qth_Regt: see 2nd Regt hi, lsl Brig, lst Div, VOLUNTEER hThlTIA • '-?`l±-R38t 1861-1865 ``1862-J864..Springfieldrifledmuskets./664-/865..zouavedress:bluejacke(andvest,yellowlace;bluefullzouLavepants;red

fez; russet lcathcr greaves, white gaiters. White t`irban sometirrrs wont. • 92nd Vols: see 9th Vol Cav Regt • 93rd Rcg( (I.ebanon Regt) 1861-1865 1861 : issued Belgian rifles. /862-/86j.. M 1842 musket. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 94th Res,: f±!|qu p_CoTpP|ete o.rgan._ ~ ._ • 95th Regt Oennsylvania Zounves, Gosline Zouaves) 1861-1865 \DTD Zbunve dress: blue jacket trimmed with red; sky blue full pants and vest; blue forage cap trimmed with red; russe( leather __.--.I--.---.----I-_. gaiters. /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1861-1864 J /862-/86j.. Einficld rifle. ® 97thReg, 1861-1865 /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 'o7{ ® 98thRe8( 1861-1865 /862-/863.. Enfold rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets, ® 99thRe8t 1861-1865 J862.. Austian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. j863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • tooth Regt a`oundheads) 186'-1865 /862-/864.. Springfrold rifled muskets. • lolthRe8, 1861-1865 /862-/86j.. Austrian rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /664.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1142

ORDER OF BATITE /con/I.nAced/

• loatReg' 1861-1865 /862.. M1842 musket, /86j-/864.. Springfrold rifled muskets. ® 103rdRegt 1861-1865 /862.. Austrian rifled muiskets, ca] .54 or .55. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 104th Rest (Ringgold Regt) 1861-1865 /862-/664.. Austian rifled muskets, cal .54 or .55. • 105th Regt ovild cat Regt) 1861-1865 /862-/86j.. Springfield rifled muskets. /8".. Spcfioer rifle. • 106th Regt: see lst Rcgt lf, 3rd Brig, VOLLJNrEER hillTnA • 107thRe8t 1862-1865 /862.. Ausdran rifled muskets. cat .54 or .55. /86J-/664.. Springfield rifled muskets. loath Vols: see I lth Vol Cbv Regt lo9th Rest (Curtin ljght Guards) 1862-1865 /86J-J86¢.. Springfrold rifled muskets. I loth Rcg' 1861-1865; /862.. Enfield rifle. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. I I lth Reg' 1861-1865 J862-/864.. Enficld rifle with some Springfield rifled muskets in 1864. I 12th Vote: see 2nd Vol Hc8vy Arty Regt 113th Vols: see 12th Vol Cav Res( • 114th Regt (Collis Zouaves; Coup A organ as indepcndcnt `Zouavcs d'Affique," 1861) 1862-1865 \dtp#mY#o;wda#ck:`]=w#teke£'::'#¥.:Fndi=#Tiue=;'#giv:I:uefro¥:oTct:#:anpdpan:';:±fro#:

•. -115th.Regt-{`consolgold bmid. /862-/864.. with Ilo Springf]eld Imf kegt-)- rifled muskets. 1862-1864 /662-/86j.. Enfi€ld rifle. ® 116thRe8t 1862-1865 /862-/863.. M1842 musket. /664.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 117th Vols: see 13th ctv Reg( 1862-1865 :ch'58thrmResorpeeEyc::han88=|e/st±2_/86"pringfieidrifledmuskets. • ll9th Regt: see ist Regt hi, PlmADEnrmA RESERVE BRIG: ---- `` • 120th Rcgt failed to complete ongan 12]stReg' 1862-1865 /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 122ndRegt 9 ines, 1862-1863 /862,. Springfield rifled muskets. • 123rdRegi 9 mos. 1862-1863 ® 124thRegt 9 nros, 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 125thRc8' 9 fins, 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. 126thRegt 9 Irros, 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled rmiskets, • 127thRcg, 9 ims, 1862-1863 /662.. Springfield rifled m`iskets. ® 128thReg( 9 fins. 1862-1863 ® 129thReg' 9 ims, 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 13OnReg' 9 ms. 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1143

ORDER OF BATTLE /coutinued/ • 13lstReg' 9 nros, 1862-1863 J662.. Springfield rifled muskets, • 132ndRegt 9 -, 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled lnuskets. • 133rdRegt 9 IIros. 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 134thRe8t 9 nros, 1862-1863 /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 135thReg' 9 ms, 1862-1863 /862.. Austhan rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. 0 136thRegt 9 mms, 1862-1863

.+.<`J862.. M1842 muckct, ~zi37Lth-Tfri6i ----- ` --1--- 9 rnes. 1862-1863 /862.. Comp H anrd with Austian rifled muskets. cat .54 or .55. • 138thReg' 1862-1865 J862-/86j.. M1842 inusket. /864.. Springfield rifled miskcts. ® 139d)Rest 1862-1865 /862.. M1842 musket. /663.. M1842 rifled muslBet. /86¢.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 140thReg' 1862-1865 /862..M1842muskecBelrfuor..Vinccnncsmuslacts"withsaberbayonets;PelgivnorFhachrifledmusketcal.69.J863.. M186l rifle musket. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. i-lJist`R-eg, ' _ r8REi33- /862.. Austrim rifled muskets, cat .54 or .55. /86J-/864.. Springfield rifled mustkets. • 142ndRegt 1862-1865 /862.. M1842 musket. /863-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 143rdRegt 1862-1865 /862-J864.. Enfield rifle. • 144th Reg(: fated to complete organ • 145thRe8' 1862-1865 /862.. M1842 musket. /86?-/86¢.. Springfield rifled rm]skets. • 146th Regt: filed to complete organ /862.. Comp D amed with Springfield rifled muskets. • 147thReg' 1862-1865 /862-/864.. Enfield rifles, some with saber bayonets; Springfield rifled muskets. ® 148thRc8t 1862-1865 /862.. Belgian or Vinc-s rifles with saber bayonets. /863.. SpringfLcld rifled muskets. /864.. Spcnecr---es5- rifle. • 149th Reg. (2nd Bucnails) /862-J864.. Enfield rifle. • 150th Regt (2nd Reg(, Buclmil Brig; 3rd Buekails) 1862-1865 /862-/864.. Enficld rifle. • 15ls'Rcg' 9 mos, 1862-1863 J862.. M1842 musket. • 152nd Vols: see 3rd Vol Heavy Art)I Rcgt • i53rdRcgt 9 mos 1862-1863 /862.. Austian rifled musket, cat .58. 9 mos, 1862-1863 1549_ReS._(ProyT9±g.`±e*)__i____i+...I.__ c.-a-I--'---i-i-6~2-=~i-563- ® 155thRe8'

\\00 /862.. M1842 musket. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. J864J865.. zouave dress. dark blue jacke( and vest. red fez, leather grcavcs and white gaiters. White turban won for dress. yellow lace; full dariE blue zouave pants, ______I_ ----- _I_ I_.-,LJ 156th Regt: faded to complcte organ • 157thRcg' 1862-1865 J863.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1144

ORDER OF BATTLE /com.need/

• 158th Rcgt mafted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. rifled muskets "altered to percussion." • 159th Vols: see 14th Vol Cav Regt • 160th Vols: see 15th Vol Cav Regt • 16lst Vols: see 16th Vol Cav Regt • 162nd Vols: see 17th Vol Cav Regt • 163rd Vols: see l8th Vol Cav Rest • 164th Rest: filed to complete organ • 165th Regt Drafted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. M1842 rifled musket. • 166th Rest Dbafted Mihitia 9 mos, 1862-1863 J862.. M i842 rifled musket. • 167th Reg( Dmfted Milith 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. M1842 musket. • 168th Reg. (7th Drafted Militia) 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. M1842 musket. • 169th Rest (8th Drafted Militia) 9 ms, 1862-1863 /862.. M1842 musket. • 170th Rcg(: fuled (o complete organ • 17lst Rcg( Dhafted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 J862.. M1842 muskei. • 172nd Regt Drafted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. conversions. • 173rd Rcgt Drafted Militia 9 mos. 1862-1863 /862.. coDvcrsious. • 174th Rcgt Drafted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. convcrsious. • 175th Rcgr Dmftod Milith 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. M 1842 musket. • 176th Regt Dmfted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. M1842 musket. • 177th Regt Drafted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. convcrsious. • 178di Rcgt Drafted Mihitia 9 mos. 1862-1863 /862.. conversions. • 179th Rest Drafted Militia 9 mos, 1862-1863 /862.. convcrsious. • 180th Vols: see l9th Vol Cav Regt • 18lst Vols: see 20th Vol Cav Rest • 182nd vols: see 2lst cav Regt • 183rd Rcgt (4th union I+eague Rcgt) 1863-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 184thReg' 1864-1865 /864.. Sprinctcld rifled muskets. • 185th Vols: see 22nd Vol Cav Regt • 186th Res( (Provost Guard) 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 187thReg' 1864-1865 J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 188thRe8' 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1145

ORDER OF BATTLE /COWI.«aed)

• 189th Rest: failed to complete organ • 190th Rcgt (lst vctcran Rcscrves) 1864-1865 /864.. Spencer rifle. • 19lst Res( (2nd vctcran Rcscrvcs) 1864-1865 /864.. Springfrold rifled muskets. • 192nd Regt: see 3rd Regt hf. PlmADELpmA Honm GUARD • 193rdRegt loo days, 1864 ® 194thRe8t loo days, 1864 • 195thReg' loo days, 1864; 1864-1866 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 196th Rcgt (5th Union League Rcgt) loo days i864 • 197th Regt (3rd Coal Exchange Regt) loo drys, i864 • 198th Rcgt (6th union League Rcg() 1864-1865 /864.. Springfleld rifled muskets. ® 199thRe8t 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 200th Rest 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 20lstRe8' 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 202nd Rest 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 203rd Regt (Bamy's shalIishootcrs) |`iolssuedUSShapshcotcrsgreenutarm;someconpshadg[eentrouselswithdarkbluefrokcoatswithgreenthm;/864; Springfield rifled muskets. • 204th vols: see5thvolHj;j}-Arty~-kjF • 205th Rest 1864-1865 j864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 206th Rcgr 1864-1865 j864.. Springfield rifled miskets. • 207th Rcg' 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 208th Rest 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 209th Re8' 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 210thRe8' 1864-1865 j864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 2llthReg' 1864-1865 J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 212th Vols: see 6th Vol Heavy Arty Regl 213th Regt (7th Union I+eague Rcgt) 214th Rcg( (8th Union lienguc Rest) 215th Rcct Ramsey's lst Imf Bn Chovest Guard) 11 ZO 6 mos, 1863-1864 Liningcr.s 2nd Imf Bn . iso 6 mos. 1863-1864 6 mos, 1863-1864 3te:»jsart3,¥,[#E;n£:St,?ej:ochasscllfs;lsturionlfagueRcgr)„io loo days. i864 Departmental Corps (Department Of the Monougchch): scc Ohio 1146

ORDER OF BATIIE /com.iil.cd/

IndependeTu ITifantr)I Camps • 5 coups Of vol inf vere fined bctwrccn 1861 and 1865 for Special scrviccs: 1861-1862 \`.a Collis zouaves d.Affique (see I l4th Imf Rcgl) Griffith's Comp (Provost Guard) 1863-1864 Jamcs' Comp (Wanen County Rifles) 1862-1865 Jones. Comp (Provost Guard) 1862-1863 Tafun'§ Camp 1864 The dress of the Zouaves d.Affique is described under 114th lnf Regt; no information is available on the others. About 10 additional indcpcndcnt camps fined &t diffcmt times.

\\ , u.s. COLORED mcops RAlsED IN pENNsyLVANIA • 3rd Regt lnf. U.S.C.T. 1863-1865 `\1C' /86?_/864: springfield rifled muskets. •``B#,R£;_rife?.ss£Tric]drffledmuckets. 1863-1865

• 8th Rcgt lnf, U.S.C.T. 1863-1865 ` ` AO /86j-/66¢: sprfugfield rifled muckcts. •`ap23|#sE£.csi;Ci:.edmuckcts. 1864-1865

•: 2#5# Rcgt hi, U.S.C.T. `+`® 1865 Regr Imf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 \tro /864-: Enficld rifles. • 32nd Regt hf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 Wto /864: EnfLeld rifles; some Springfield rifled muckcts. • 4lst Rcg( Inf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 \?*0 /864: Springfield rifled muskets. •`?£rd;#s¥¥:,.dc:edmuskets. 1864-1865

•`,to4§th,#s##:;::edmuskets. 1864-1865

• 127th Regt lnf. U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 `+A°|ndc`pe¥:.c:t¥og;Lirffledmutcts. loo days, 1864

SOURCES

Adjutant General. Pemsylvania, Arme.a/ Rcpom, 1852, 1855, 1857, 1858, 1859 (in "Pe[msylvania Executive Documents"); 1861-1872 (as separates), Harrisburg, Pa. GeneraLI Regulations f or the Uniiformed Militia Of Pennsylvania. Hard:sbNIg, Pa. , 18sO. "Mhitary Affiirs in Pemsylvania," in 7ife UAV.or Ar7ny, Madison Wig. ,1908, vol.I, 314-506. AdjutantGeneral,U.S..Officl.a/Ar7ngiJicgi.S/cro/IheVo/mreerForce...,Washington,D.C.,1865,par(in. Ftan\£ H. Taylor. Philadelphia in the Civil War. 1861-1865, P"edalphia, Pa. , 1913. Iamesw.IAlmal,HistoryoftheFirstReginermln[if;entry.Natiordc;unrdofpennsylvania...,Philedctphia,Pa., 1912. "A M"&alnal\:" |.\iouis RIchads|. Eleven Days in the Militia during the War Of the Rebellion ..., Philede\phia,

Pa.' 1883. Rhode Island 1157

\,\.`\-\ .``,.`\ \`, ('uloll',I I`!l',„-i(,S l\..lill:`l,„. -# &L®,T5,i::i -},J€,;J5'`J-J I --_ _1- `J`-`;i3`,`3. jtL .` ,,.,- 1' .

'"",l„,ti,.'' I,``.

I ``!`iyo -i£Ti ±EE 'ffi -`y ffE `RE .9 LEADER or THE AMERicAN BFIAss-BAND. I. H ovi I) I: h' c r`, . E` . I .

•' , .\. `'-\+) i. Y P f] 0 V I D I N C I I

l`illilifli.tl })\. CARY. BROTHERS,12{} \\'t.t+i`i'iii8lt``. Sit.

Fig. 363. Bunside zouaves of providence, Rhode Island,1868. Music cover published in providence by cary, Brothels. 1158

One regimental color carried by a Rhede Island regiment, the 5th Heavy Artillery, posses- sed some singular features. To the best of our knowledge, it is the only flag presented by one regiment to another during the Civil War. It was given to the Fifth at New Ben, N.C. , on 3 August 1863, by the 44th Massachusetts for coming to its rescue during the seige of Washington, N.C . On one side of the flag was the arms of Rhode Island; on the other, the ams of the Forty-fourth, the old New England Guards of Boston, with the legend: "44th Mass- .Vols. to 5th R.I. Vols."

Lfu ulsh eLoiLL lulrty.

ORDER 0F BATTLE: ACTIVE MILITIA • lst Brig (Newpor( County) entire period (Included Newpor( Arty, Newport Light Imf, etc.) oO.O Independent comps (except as noted below), all distinctively dressed. IVcwpon Arty.. /8j7.. blue frock coat and pants, both trimmed with red; blue cap trirnmcd with red, red pompon, "N.A." in brass on front.

Bumside National Guard Bn (colored) 1867 on

• 2nd Brig (Providence county) entire period (IncludedProvidenceHorseGuards,ProvidenceMarineCorpsofArty,ProvidenceArty[redesigBumsideZouaves1869, ac> in l870 redesig united comp of the Train of Arty]. Mechanics Rifles. Providence First Light Imf, National cadets, Wconsocket Guards, Scifuate RIfles, Pawtucket Light Guard, etc.) Independent comps (excepr as noted below), all distinctively dressed. PJovi.dcnceArty../857..cadetgraytailcoatandpantstrimm€dwithred,redepaulets.AsB«msidcZoAraves../869.. blue zouave jacket, yellow shirt and sash, red full pants. Unl./ed Coqp a//he Train a/Any.. c. /870.. adopted buff tail coat thmmed with red. sky blue pants, dress cap with red and whi(e plume. Provjdcncc FI+f/ I,I.gA/ /n/.. scarlet tail coat trimmed with light blue and buff, black (after 1854. light blue) pants with whi(e stripe, bearskin hat, red and white cpauLels. Other dress included M1858 blue unifom coat with uniform cap and forage cap. Cede/ Corps.. blue jacket piped with white, white collar and long whi(e patches on cuffs; blue pants; pill box cap. Woouracke/ Gourds.. scarle( jacket bound with gold lace, 4 black leaf-shaped devices on each side of front; probably black pants and forage cap. Providence Horse Guards Bn (formerly comp) 1866 on Scarlet coatee faced with light blue, yellow lace, brass scales; sky blue pants, yellow srripe; helmet covered with light blue cloth,brassbound,whitehorsehairplume./86/..USregcavclothing./869..scarletrunictriminedwithlightblueandgold lace, same pants and helmet as before. Pa`micket Light Guard Bn (formerly comp) 1862 on Gray uniform thmmed with yellow, red cuff flaps; dress cap with red pompon. Mechanics Rifles Bn (formerly comp; Tedesig) 1866-1870 Slocum Light Guard 1870 on Blue frok coat, white and light blue epaulets, white bearskin hat. Offlccrs.. dress cap with light blue and white plume. Rhode Island Guards Bn _ 1865 on \-»cag^crG..arcs/CapA/..lightbluezouaveunifomtrimmedwithwhite;ojnccrs..darkbluefrockcoat,skybluepants. Plovidenccl\harine corps of Arty (comb)- entire period also lst Btry, Light Arty (Rhode Island Flying Arty) Fed serv: 3 mos,186l also loth Light Btry Fed serv: 3 imos,1862 0rcss..dackbluefrockcoatwithredepauLetsorseales,skybluepants,darkbluedresscap,allfacedwithscarletalonglincs of US regs. /86/ .. dark blue shell jacket and forage cap, piped with scarlet; officers wore dark blue Rhode Island blouse. dark blue pants and forage cap. Wore 2-piece round "US" belt buckle. In 1861 fun( armed with brass slnoothbores, exchanged for 12-pdr Jalnes rifles. AS /OIA Btry.. armed with Napoleous; wore US rag light arty clothing. 1159

ORDER OF BATTLE /conil.nwed/

• 3rd Brig (Washington county) entire period 30 #=:e=te::,RIiTe:,s:=efyan=ttsiT, pettiqurmscods lno

• 4th Brig acent county) entire pchod 4'0 (hcluded Kentish Arty, Kentish Guards, Red Bank Imf, etc.) Indcpcndent camps, all distinctively dressed, Kcdyl.SA Gqunds.. blue frock coat. yellow plastron.

• 5th Brig oristol county) cbtirc pchod €o (Included WaTTen Arty, Bristol ^fty) Indcpcndcnt comps. all distinctively dressed.

• American Bnss Band (Ptovidcnce)

oo "Blue unifom," probably frock coat with blue cloth dress cap.

• lst Rcg( Detached Militia (provisional regt composed of detachments of above corps) Fed serv: 3 mos,186l Blueflamelfuushiftwomoutsideasablouse,graypants,Kossuthmodclfelthatwithcompletter.Tedblanketcuttoform a poncho; also chasseur type forage cap. US veg waist bel( calTying cardidge hex, bayonet and cap pouch; mos( Inen cafried a fcvolver stuck in belt. Issued US M 1855 rifle musket for 7 comps, US M 1855 rifle for 3 camps, and 7 Bumside carbines per comp. n June these last were consolidated into provisional "Carbineer" comp.

8o NATIONAL GUARD

Oro fomal higher organ.) Most coups woTc dark blue full blouse and forage cap or felt hat, sky blue pants.

qo J}prnpade zbowes wore zouave clothing: blucjacket rfunlned with red, white fonge cap trimmed with red, canvas gaiters. Bmss waist belt plate inscribed "B.Z," Officers.. tilue frock coat, red pants, blue and red chasscur cap. (Tis camp in cristcnce to 1870.) (Comps outside providence, not regimented) 1861-1863 also 9th vol Imf Regt. Natioml Guard Fed scrv: 3 mos,1862 Wo[eNatiomlGuardclothingtoJuly1862whenissuedUSregfatigucdress.mitiallycarriedmixtureofinfcriorweapons and accoutemcnts. /w/y /862.. Enfield rifles and accounterments. Burmjdc ZoowcS (Camp H) see above.

• 18t Regt Nrdonal Guard (Providence) 1861-1863 also loth Vol Imf Rcgt, National Guaiid (same as 9th Imf Rest) Fed scrv: 3 nros. 1862

VOLUNTEER CALVALRY

• lst Rcgt (lst New Eligland cav) 1861-1865

/co Us rcg cav clothing. Bumsidc carbine, M1840 saber. Colt any rcvolver. /862.. Shaps carbine, Colt ar[ny and navy revolvers; M1840 and M1860 sabers. /863.. Burnside and Sharps carbines.

• 2tid Rcgt (brol[cn up and men transfcned to lst llouisiana 1862-1863 /.a Cav Regt and laser to 3rd Rhodc Island Cav Regt) US r€g cav clothing; B`mside carbine; M1840 saber. 1160

ORDER OF BATTLE /conti.„wed/

® 3rdReg' 1863-1865

3.a Us reg cav clothing; Bumside carbine; Refnington a]Tny revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers.

• 7th Squadron Cav (Cohiss' Squadron) 3 mos. 1862 let, VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY

(For HEAVY ARTILLERY see INFANTRY, below)

`.pelstBtry.LightArty:seeProvidcnceMarineCorpsofArty.ACTIVEMILITIA

• lstRcgt 1861-1865 i5° (Comprised Btrys A-H) Btrys A and 8 at first wore dark blue Rhode Island blouse, Ko§suth felt hat, sky blue mounted pants; later all btrys wore US reg light arty clothing. Issued saber; also issued knapsack; Btry E and perhaps others, issued patent combination knapsack-canteen with filter. Btrys variously amed; A with 12-pdr James rifles; 8, same; E, four lo-pdr Palrott rifles and two 12-pdr howitzers; H, 12-pdr James rifles. exchanged for 3-in ordnacne rifles.

:volothLigh(Btry:SeeprovidenceMarinecorpsofArty,AouVEM|LrmA vOLur`ITEER INFANTRy AND HEAvy ARTILLERy

• lst Rcgt: see lst Regt detached Militia, ACTIVE unlTIA '1C,

• 2nd Imf Rcgt 1861-1865 itp Initially issued same uniform and accoutermen(s as I s( Regt Detached Mili(ia; amed with conversions, exchanged in Aug 1861 for M1855 rifle musket. Received rubber blanke(s at organ. fa/e in /86/ issued US reg clothing. /862-/664.. Spri[]gfield rifled muskets.

• 3rd Imf Rest (convcr(ed) 1861-1862 qo 3rd Heavy Arty Rcgt 1862-1865 hitiallyissued§aneunifomandaccoutermcntsas1stRegtDetachedMilitia,and"oldstyleSpringfleldrifles".Oc//86/.. camps A and C exchanged alTns for "Whitney rifles with sabre bayonets"; issued US rag clothing salne time. /862.. issued US heavy arty clothing. /86j-/864.. EnfLeld rifle.

• 4th Imf Rcgt (merged with 7th Imf Regt) .1861-1864

}oo Us res infclcthing. Initially issued "old bronzed muskets," exchanged rvov /86/ for "bright ones of salne pattern-Id b`ick and ball smocthbores," /862-/86j.. Austrian rifled fnuskets, cal .54 or .55. /864.. some M1863 rifle muskets.

• 5th hf Bn 1861-1862 }`° 5th ur Regt (conver(ed) 1862-1863 5th Heavy Arty Regt 1863-1865 US rcg imf clothing; initially issued short Enfield rifle and saber bayonet, later exchanged for Enfield rifle musket. /863.. US leg heavy arty clothing. Awg /863.. presented with regimental color by 44th Massachusetts lnf Regt.

• 6th Regt: failed to complete organ 4,t) 1161

ORDER OF BATTLE /co„fl.nued/

• 7thlnf Regt 1862-1865 g3o US reg imf clothing; Enfield rifle musket. /864.. M1863 rifle musket.

• 8th Regt: failed to complete organ 240

• 9th Regt: see NATIONAL GUARD 4SO

• loth Regt: see NATIONAL GUARD 4CO

• llthRe8' 9 mos, 1862-1863 £70US res imf clothing; Enfield rifle.

• 12thRegt 9 mos, 1862-1863 ? 6° US res imf clothing; M1842 musket; 2 flank comps issued M186l rifle musket.

•2iit3thRe8t:neverorgan

14th Heavy Arty Rest (colored; redesig) Jfo 8th Heavy Arty Regt. U.S.C.T. (redesig) I lth Heavy Arty Regt, U.S.C.T. US reg heavy art clothing; Austrian rifled muskets cal .54 or .55.

• Independent comp Hospital Guards 1862-1865 a /a /86j.. conversions.

SOURCES

Adjutant General, Rhode Island, A„ncoJ RaporJs, 1861-1866. Adjutant General, U.S. OjFci.aJ Army Jicgi.sfcr a/who Vo/wnfccr Force ..., Washington, D.C. ,1865, part I. Edwin W. Stone, RAodc /a/and I.n rAe Rebc//I.a", Providence, R.I. ,1864. "Military Affairs in Rhode Island." in 7lftc Uni.a" Any, Madison, Wis., 1908,I, 231-257. J. J. Richards, Rhode /s/and'§ Ear/y Dc/e#dcrs, East Greenwich, R.I. ,1937. Ben. Pe[ley Poore, The Liife and Public Services Of Ambrose E. Burliside, _P[_oyidence, R.I:, .188_2. W.l"+ani.Sgive[,HisloivOftheNinthandTenthRegiments.RhodelslandVolunteers,andtheTenthRhode /s/and Bar/cry ,..., PI.ovidence, R.I.,1892.

Imporfut help on this chapter has come from Mrs. John Nicholas Brown, of Providence, and members of her staff.WearealsoindebtedtothelateClarksonA.Collins,formerLibrarianoftheRhodelslandHistoricalSociety; thelateHelnyJackson;andthelateMissMaryT.Quinn,AssistantforArchives,Departmentofstate,theofficeof the Adjutant General of Rhode Island, and Lieutenant Colonel Howard V. Allen, Commandant, Varnum Continentals, have also proved most helpful. _I--i-i_ i--i-_ South Caro;E`;-i_--_ 1162

Fig. 364. "Military of charleston, S.C. ," 1861. The multi-national aspect of the militia uniforms of charles(on is readily apparent in this contemporary woodcut reprinted from LaBree's Pi.c/ori.4/ Ba»/cs. 1177

in the upper flagstaff comer..' Two days later a resolution was adopted by the legislature providingthatthedesignbesimplifiedtoawhitecrescentandwhitepalmettoonabluefield. This is the state flag today. For some months palmetto flags were carried by South Carolina regiments as their colors andatleastoneexamplesurvivestoday.ThefustcolorOfGregg's1stVolunteerhfantry,used between February and May 1861, was made of two layers of silk; the obverse was white, embroideredwithagreenpalmettointhecenterandagoldencrescentinthedextercomer;the reverse was green, embroidered with a large laurel ureath; the ffroge was green. TheHamptonLegion,whileinRichmond,waspresentedacolorbyPresidentDavis;itwas carried during much of the war. This was also a double flag and very heavy. Its fabric was satin,onesidebeingblueandtheother"solferino,"anditsdevicesresembledthoseofthe1st SouthCarolina,above.Contemporarypicturesshowstillotherpalmettoflagsinmilitaryuse. BattleflagsofatleastsixvolunteerregimentssurvivedtheCivilWar.AIlwereoftheAmy ofNorthemVirginiapattemandpresentednounusualfeatures.Severalcarriedbattlehonors.

ORI>ER OF BAmE: VOLUNTEER hmrnA

• Charlestoi Light mgcous (menged into 4th vol cav Regt,1862) `Cbl to l865 om FPJ/ dwss.. dirk green coatee, wide nd plastron. nd co»ar and cuffs. brass bullet buttons, white cloth epadets; dark grccn pantswithredsthpes,orwhitebrceehcs;lcathercap,brassvisor,crestandganget-shapcdplatewithndonaleagle,white i_ horsehair plume. Fan.gag drcff.. a» white summer uniform won. J860.. gray jacket. pants and cap; details not clear. • ceman Hussafs (Charleston; me[ged into 3rd vol cav Regt,1862) `oo2 1859-1865 F"I.gq€drss(nodetails)adopt;dinl860.Srandrd..bluewithpalmcaoin`meathanddesignationonobvcisc,pairfugof soldier and "1859" oo I€vcrsc. • Rutledge Mounted RIflernen (merged into 7th vol cav Regt (1864) `Cx>3 1860-1865

3o FaJi.gq€ dress.. gray jacket. pants and forage cap; brass "R.M.R." on cap. Snrith bfeechlonditig cafoine, Colt mvy revolver, M1856 light cav saber. • Charleston Rifle Bn 185+1859 1859-1860 4c7 Charleston Regt of Rifles lst Regt of RIflcs `oot 1860-1865 CS scav: 3 mos. 1861

ancluded Washington Light hf, Moultric Guards. Gcman Ridelnen, Palmcco Riflelnen. Mcagher Guards, Zbuavc Cadets, Carolina Light IDf) Compsdisdetivelyunifornd;iD1860edquedfndgueuDifarm.usuallyofgray.Issuedgray"winteruniforms"inJaD 1861. Prcscnted white regimental color Fcb 1861 bearing state ams on obverse and lauel wfcath and designahon on revelse . • lst Rest of Arty (be Saussure.s; Wagencr's; disb) |Cty5r 5o (Included Geman Arty. IAfaycttc Arty, Washingivn Arty, Marian Arty, Corps of piomers) Camps distinctively unifornd; in 1860 most adoped fatigue uniforms. • 17th Militia Imf Rest (rcorgan) to 1862 CS serv: 1862-1863 6o lst (Charleston) Imf Bn (GaiLliard's; merged into 27th hf Rest) lcob Oucluded dprlestoD Riflenen, Pallnetto Guard, Irish Vols, Montgoncry Gund. Gemn Fusitiers. Union Light Imf, Cadet Riflemen. Sumter Guards. Emmct Vols) Comps distinctively uniformed; in 1860 most adoped fatgue unifoms. 1178

ORDER OF BATTLE /conli.»aed/

• Vol9, Charleston Fire Department (?) -1861 4o aDcluded Vigilant Rifles, Phocnin Rifles. Aetna Guards, Marion RIfles)

• Columbia vol Bn 1854-1861 eo 8:::::Sr RIchiand vol Rifles, Govcmor'§ Guards, Carolina Blues, RIchiand Guards, Columbia Hying Arty, Emtnet

• St. Hclcna (or Bcoufort) Vol Bn 1858-1861 c70 (Included st. Hc]cm Mouneed Riflcmcn, Bcaefort vol Arty) (mere were, in addition, about 50 Vol camps scattered over the state; 2 at least dried back (o the l8th century.)

/zoo hrfu.ITARy scHcOLs

• State cadets (Ihomas'), Arsenal ^cadcmy (Columbia) to l865 Bn state cedcts (White.s), Citadel Academy (Charleston) cnthe period Unifoms sane for both academies. Fg// drcSS.. cadet gray tail coat, 3 rows Of buttons with black herring-bone braid on chest, cuffs and tails; gray pants with black sthpe, or white linen pants in sulnmer; black beaver dress cap, paten( lcatheT tim.palmettoinsigniaandblackpompon.Fan.gzcedrcfs..cadctgnyjacketandpantswithblacksthpes,g[nyfolngecap with black band. Gray vest, black lined, authorized. Faculty wore blue frock coat, sky blue pants, blue forage cap. • Kings Mountain Military school ochrville) 1855 -.--. 1866-.\_

//a FRST CORPS OF RESERVES

(Isslied slale ams and cLothirig.)

• lst Rcgt (Charleston Reserves; De Trcvillc.s) (?) days, 1862; 9o days, i863 • 2nd Rcgt (Cach.s) 9o days, i862-i863 • 3rd Rcgt Qlfnd.s) 9o days, i862-i863 ® 4thRcg' 9o days, i863 • 5th Rcg( Oacon.s) 9o days, i862-i863 • 6th Rcgr (Sccest.s) 90 days, 1862-1863 • 7th Rest ovilson.s) 90 days, 1862-1863 • 8th Res( Ovitherspcon's) 9o days, i862-i863 • 9th Regt ovilliaJus') 90 days. 1862-1863 ® 10thRcg' 9o days. i863 • llth Rcgt a`yan's) 9o days, i862-i863

/cO STATE TRcOPS

(Many Of these troops were reported in Sept 1863 as being unamed; some carried Austrian rifles. and only a few had accoucernents. Issued kmpsacks, haversacks and canecus by CS Chdrmnoe Bureau.) • lst Rest Oobcft's; organ from lst-6th, 8th, 9th, 42nd Regts of Militia) 6 tDos. 1863-1864 • 2nd Regt Colt.s; organ from 7th, loth-15th, 39th, 43rd Rcgts of Militia) 6 mos, 1863-1864 • 3rd Rcgt (Cacw's; organ from 16th-19th. 3lst-33rd Rcgts of Mhitia) 6 mos, 1863-1864 • 4th Rest (Witherspoon's; organ from 20th-25th, 27th-30th, 44th Regts of Militia) 6 mos, 1863-1864 • 5th Regl Oviliams'; organ from 34th-38th, 4Oui, 4lst, 45th, 46th, 26th Rcgts of Militia) 6 mos, 1863-1864 `i= 1179

ORDER OF BATTLE /comz.neced/

t3C> ENROLLED hurnA coMMANI>s IN ACTlvE sERvlcE

• lst Mounted Militia Rcgt (Maftin's) 1861-1862 Amed partly with double-barrel shotguns and navy revolvers. • lst Reg( (Gfeenville District) 1864-1865 • 2Iid Rcgt (pickers Disthct) 1864-1865 • 3rd Rcgt (Gfeenvillc Disthct) 1864-1865 • 4th Regt (Anderson District) 1864-1865 • 14th Rcgt (Changebug Disthct; Barton.s) 1865 • 16th Rcgt (lst Rcg( Charleston Guard; Magrath.s; disb) 1863 • 17th Rcgt (Charleston; Dc Treville`s; reorgan as ls( Rest of RIfles) 1861-1862 • 18th Rest (Charleston; Carew.s) 1863-1865 • 19th Regt (Charleston; Bormeau.s) 1864-1865 • Hadee.s I.egion (disb) 1861

voLUNrEER LEGloNs

•HuFrvoib8gj::Bneulargedto#i862r7J 1861-1865 ' 4° b\ fe:ms?:?:T:yy¥osm¥£tofi::;°fl¥gsinc:yedfro±:::i.a,#yrs,g6#|::rsej,¥:thfe## #=P£

crescent, reverse solferino (fuchsia) with desigmtion inside wreath. Cav Bn (tran§fched to 2nd Vol Cav Rest 1862) Camps distinctively dressed. Arty Bn (transfened out 1862) Washington Arty Vols quar('s Btry) wore gray forage cap, jacket,-and pants; had oval wist belt plate; comp presented silk swallow-tail guidon with embroidered palmetto on one side. and "RIght Shall Make Migm Washington ATtillery," on the other. • Holcombe lfgion (Steven's) 1861-1865 / SO hf Rcgt (Euiott.s. Crawley's) J862-/86j.. gray jacket, pants, and cap; some wore hats. Initially amed in 1861 with percussion and flintlcek muskets, and some Mississippi rifles; replaced largely with Enfield rifles in 1862. Cav Bn (Shingler's; expanded and desigmted 7th Vol Cav Regt 1864)

VOLUNTEER CAVALRY

• lst Rcgr Clack.a; formed from lst Cav Bn) IG a 1862-1865 • lst Bn (expanded into l§t Cav Rest) I 7o 1862 • 2nd Reg( (Butler's; fomed from 4th Cav Bn a]td Cav Bn Hampton.s Ilegion) /Go 1862-1865 • 2nd Bn: see 8th and 14th Cav Bns /40 • 3rd Regt (Colccek's; formed from 8th Cav Bn) 2cO 1862-1865 • 3rd Bn: see 4th and loth Cav Bns ;2/a • 4th Rcgt (Rutledgc.a; formed from loth and 12th Cav Bns) 1862-1865 9jo Arnd with Enfield short pateem rifles, sabers, and some revolvers. /86¢.. reccivcd govemmcnt Mcclellan prttern srmcs. • 4th Bn (Easley.s; also called 3rd Cav Bn; merged into 2nd Cav Rcgt) J3 a 1862 • 5th Rcgt a?ergusson's; famed from 14th and 17th Cav Bus) 1863-1865 +ifo J863.. amcd with Enficlds; clothing included jackets, flannel shirts, and felt hats. • 6th Regt (Aiken.s; also known as lst Regt Partisan Rangers; fomed from 16th Cav Bn) 1862-1865 rf` /864.. anncd with Enficld rifles and sabers. 1180

ORDER OF BAITI.E /com.need/

7tl] Rcgt (HaskeLl.s; fined from Cav Bit, Holcombc lJgion) 3tcD 1864-1865 8th Bn (also called 2nd Cav Bn; merged into 3rd Cav Rcgt) ]LIO 1862 lotb Bn (Adams.; also called 2nd Cav Bn and 3rd Cav Bn; fnerged into 4th Cav Regt)2eo 1862 12th BD (Emanuel.s; also called 4th Squadron; mcnged into 4th Cav Rest) Aqc) 1862 14th Bn a?clder's; formerly called 2nd Cav Bn: also knorm as lst Cav Bn; merged into 5th Cav Regt) 3o0 1861-1863 15th BD: see 15th Heavy Arty Bn 910 16th Bn (also lmow/a as 16th Bn Partisan Rangers; fncreed into 6th Cav Rest)32.O l9th Bn O"holm's; famed from Kirk's Squadron330 be Sauss`ue.s Squadron 9+a Dislnoumed Dngcon Bn: see 15th Heavy Arty Bn 9SO

vOLur`ITEER ARTII.LERy

• lst Bn ocgulars; expanded) 1861-1862

gtc! lst Rest (Calhoun's, Rhett's) 1862-1865 , Gmyjacketorfrockcoat,pants,andforagccap,allthmmodutihred;officcrsworefedcapwithgoldbraidaim,andwhitc linen suits with brass buttons, as undf€ss in sufniner. J864.. 3 comps amed with Enficld rifles and Springflcld muskets. • 2nd Bn (Iamar's; expanded) 1861-1862

€,io 2nd R¢8t a=ndcrick's) i862-i865 Dcc /86J.. amed largely with converted muskets, in good condition. and some cadcl muskets; accoutelmcnts in good cobditioa. • Sid Rcg. Outlcr's; fomcrly lst [Rcgular] Imf Rcgt) ego 1863-lp'< • 3rd Bn (White.s; also ho`arn as palmctlo Bn Light Arty) 1861-i 3fb Dcc /86j.. Camp E amcd with Ausqian and other muskets; Comp I armed with Mississippi rifles in bad conditi6ir • 15th Heavy Arty Bn oucas.; foTmcrly Dismounted hagcon Bn) 1861-1865 4cO Dcc /863.. langcly amed with muskets in good condition. • loth Heavy Arty Bfi (Manigault's; South carolina siege Thin) 1862-1865 4'0 VOLUNTEER INFANTRY

• lst a`cgular) Rcgt (Andcrson's; converted to 3rd Vol Arty Rcgt 1861-1863 420 Initially unifoTmcd in drk gay frock coat and pants. • lst Rcgt (Gregg's; mu§tcred out l86l; reongan) 1861-1865

430 hitially wore gray single-breas(ed frock coat, pants, and foTagc cap. all thmmcd in blue; by l862 most ofregt wore gray jacket, pants, and cap, with blue trim. First color carried had white obverse with emhoiderod grccn palmetto and gold crescent; rcvcrse was green with laurel `hrreath and designation; green ffinge. • lst Rcgt (Hagood's) 1861-1865

44o Issued "short gray blouse.' in April I 861. and panly amed by the state. Ca[Ticd flag pTescnted by Ladies of Bamwell until 1862. afterwards cafricd ANY battle flag. • lst Rcgt (Rifles (on.s Rifles)*S6 1861-1865 • lst Bn (Charleston Bn Gallliard.s): see 17th Militia Imf Regt, VOLUNTEER hthrlTA • lst Bn sharpshooters (Abney's; merged into 27th lnf Regt) 4 60 1862-1863 • 2nd Rest oalmctto Rcgt; Kcrshaw's; consol with 20th Imf Rcgt and paft of Blanchard's Rcscrvcs l865) 1861-1865 47tJ Initial color white; obverse had white palmetto embroidered on a blue union and crescent in opposite comer; Tevcrsc had dcsigRAtion inside `irTeath of honeysuckles and roses. • 2nd R¢gt Rifles (Moorc.s; formed from 5th Bn RIflcs) 48€? 1862-1865 • 2nd Bn Shapshoctcrs (Smith.s; disb) +.io 1862 • Sid Regt (Williams.; consol 1865 with 8th lnf Rcgt. 3rd Imf Bn, and par( of Blanchard.s Reserves 1861-1865 jb:I.} to fom INcw] 3rd Imf Rcgt) ae•+ 3rd BD urueus'; inerged into (New] 3rd lnf Rcg() 186l-lp--i- 1181

•JRDER OF BATTLE /conlinued/

• 4th Regt (Sloan.s; disb) Sec) 1861-1862 • 4th Bn: see 13th Imf Bn S3 a • 5th Regt (Jenkins') ScO 1861-1865 • 5th Bn Rifles (also called lst Imf Bn; reorgan as 2nd Regt Rifles) S5-a 1861-1862 • 6th Regt ovinder's)500 1861-1865 • 6th Bn (Byrd.s; consol with 9th Imf Bn to fom 26th Imf Reg() 570 1862 •7thRegr(Bacon's;consoll865withl5thlnfReg.andpanofBlanehard.sReservestofom[fiee£]7thlnfRegr)186l-1865 • 7th Bn (Rion.s; also called Enfrold Rifles) Sqo 1862-1865

: £ :;:s{i#£is:,I:aleal;e':::1etN±W±¥g,g:fT::bgok::VIT£):'°hi Bn to fom 2en hi Rcct) 62® ::::=:::; • loth Regt (cousol l865 with l9th Imf Reg"o form wau[er's lnf Bn) 630 1861-1865 6+.'+) Comps A,B,E, and K uniformed themselves; govemlnent furnished "good serviceable'. uniforms to othercomps. Comp A armedwithEnfLeldrifle.Comp8hadMississippirifle,CompEhadHarpersFcnyrifledmusket;othershadsmcothbore muskets; af(er Nov 1864 entire rest hnd Enfield rifles. • ]O(h & 19th Consol Regt (temporary organ) 6LO 1863 • I lth Regt (Hay`h/ard's; also kno`m as 9th Imf Regt) €IC;? 1861-1865 • llth Bn (Eutaw Bn; merged into 25th Imf Regt) t_.,c-,.€! 1862 • 12th Rest (Dunovant.s) i3|jfi 1861-1865 In nrid-1864 principally armed with rifle musket, cat .58. the comp had muskets, cat .69; one Whitwoth rifle in reg(. Menworecartridgeboronshoulderbelt,waistbelt,knapsack,haversack.cappouchandbayonetscabbard.Appacntly some bet(s made of canvas, 3th Rest (Edwards.) G`L~;ej` 1861-1865 •`~' Adjutant wore double-breasted gray coat with gold braid and 9 small brass buttons on under-seam of each slecve. • 13th Bn (Mattison's; also called 4th Imf Bn; consol into 2 camps which became Comps I and K. HamptBffi€gioD)1862 • 14th Regt (MCGowen's) 7fG 1861-1865 • 15th Rcg. (ne saussure's) 7zo 1861-1865 • 16th Regt (Greenville Rest; consol l865 with 24th lnf Regt to fom l6th & 24th consol Regt) 1861-1865 7jb Dcc /86/.. regt poorly armed; no bayonet scabbards or cartridge boxes. • 17th Regt (MCMaster.s) 1861-1865

7vo DCC /86/.. regt (7 Comps) and with 75 peTcusion muskets and 415 unserviceable flintlocks, 75 carthdge boxes and bayonet scabbards, and no knapsacks. • 18th Regt ovallace.s) 75D 1862-1865 • 19th Regt (Moragne's) 1862-1865 %0 Clothing issues in 1862 included caps, hats, jackets, and pants. • 20th Regt (Boykin's; consol l865 with 2nd (Pallnetto] Reg"nd part of Blanchard's Reserves 1862-1865 770 to fom (New] 2nd lnf Rest) • 2lst Regt (Graham's) 1861-1865 7fo Comp 8 wore gray single-breasted frock coat in 1861; officcTs Wore double.heasted frcek coat, blue pants, and blue forage cap oiinmed with braid. • 22nd Regt (Abney's) 790 1862-1865 • 23rd Regt quatch's; formed by addition of 3 comps to Hatch's Bn Coast Rangers) 8ao 1861-1865 • 24th Rcgt (Capers'; consol with 16th Imf Regt to fom 16th & 24th Consol Rest) 8® 1862-1865 • 25th Regt (Simonton.s; formed by expansion of llth (Eufav] Bn) 8'2o 1862-1865 • 26th Regt (Smith's; folTned by consol of 6th and 9th lnf Bus) 83® 1862-1865 • 27th Regt (Gailliard's; fonned by cousol of lst Bn Shapshcotcrs and lot (Gulliard's] Bn) 8<6 1863-1865 • Hatch's Bn (Coast Rangers; merged into 23rd lnf Reg[) e-SO 1861 • Manigault's Bn (imf, cav, arty comps; broken up) 8€>o 1861-1862 • Palmetto Regt of Sharpshooters (Jenkins.; also called lst Regt Pallnet(o Sharpshooters) 870 1862-1865 . WaLker's BD (fornnd by consol of loth and l9th lnf Regts) 860 1865 1182

ORDER OF BATTLE /con/in4ced/

8ao Lcx=AL DEFEINSE TRcOps

• Pee bee Ilcgion (mustered in(o active scrv; designated 9th lnf Bn) • ^rscnal Bn (Charleston; Trezevant`s) • Bumau Bn (Charleston) • Cunninghan's Bn • File Bn (Chndcston) • Naval Bn (Charleston)

qco RESERVEs AND DETAnED MEN

• lst Bn oviLliaus.) 1864-1865 • 2nd Bn (Banet's) 1864-1865 • 3rdBn(Gin.s) 1864-1865 • 4th Bn ovilliaus') 1864-1865 • 5th Bn (Brorm's) 1864-1865 • 6th Bn (Merriwethcr's) 1864-1865 • 7th Bn ovnd's) 1864-1865 • 8thBn 1864-1865 • Thomas' Rcgt of detailed Men and Arscml Cadets (Columbia) 1864-1865

Union South Carolina

No organization of white troops was raised within South Carolina for the Union Army. Union sentiment was largely confined to a small number of individuals , scattered throughout the state. Probably in no other state was there such a unity for the cause of secession. h the spring of 1862 Major General David Hunter at Port Royal, without express authority from the War Department, raised the lst South Carolina Volunteer Regiment, the first regiment of Negroes in the Civil War. There is some evidence that Hunter originally proposed to outfit the command in zouave dress, with "baggy red trousers and braided jackets." On 3 April he wrote the Secretary of War: "It is imponant that I should be able to know and distinguish these men at once, and for this purpose I respectfully request that 50,OcO pairs of scarlet pantaloons may be sent me; and this is all the clothing I shall require for these people." War Department approval was slow in coming and by 4 August the regiment had not been paid,itsofficershadnotreceivedtheircommissions,andthereappearedtobenoprospectthat they would be officially mustered into service. Cia 10 August Hunter disbanded the regiment except for one company. Three weeks later the War Department authorized Hunter's successor, Brigadier Gent Rufus Saxton , to recruit Negro troops, and Captain Thomas Wentwonh Higginson of the 5Tof 2nd Infantry Regiment, SC Volunteers Page 2 of 3

Benjamin R. Clybum.

X ASSIGNMENTS:

X BATTLES:

Fort Sumter SC (12 -13 APR 1861) Blackburn's Ford (18 JUL 1861) 1st Bull Run (21 JUL 1861) Yorktown Siege (APR - MAY 1862 Williamsburg (4 MAY 1862) Seven Days Battles VA (25 JUN - 1 ]UL 1862) Savage's Station (29 JUN 1862) Malvem Hill VA (1 JUL 1862) Nine Mile Road, near Richmond VA (18 JUL 1862) Haaper's Ferry (12 -15 SEP 1862) South Mountain VA (14 SEP 1862) Antietam VA (17 SEP 1862) Fredericksburg VA (13 DEC 1862) Chancellorsville (14 MAY 1863) Gettysburg PA (1-3 ]UL 1863) Chickamauga GA (19-20 SEP 1863) Chattanooga Siege GA (SEP -NOV 1863) Knoxville Siege GA (NOV - DEC 1863) Campbell's Station (16 NOV 1863) Fort Sanders (29 NOV 1863) Bean's Station (15 DEC 1863) The Wildemess VA (5 - 6 MAY 1864) Spotsylvania Court House VA (8 -21 MAY 1864) North Arma VA (23 - 26 MAY 1864) Cold Harbor VA (1 - 3 JUN 1864) Petersburg Siege VA (JUN 1864 - APR 1865) Berryville (AUG 1864) Near Port Republic (7 0CT 1864) Near Strasburg (14 0CT 1864) Cedar Creek (19 0CT 1864) Carolinas Campaign SC (FEB - APR 1865) Averasboro (16 MAR 1865) Bentonville NC (19 -21 MAR 1865)

X ROSTERS:

Field and Staff Company A - Governor's Guards Companv 8 Companv C

http://www.researchonline.net/sccw/unitl02.htm 9/I/2006 2nd Infantry Regiment, SC Volunteers Page 3 of 3

ComT)anv D - Columbia Greys Combaniv E - Camden Volunteers Combaniv G - Flat Rock Guards Company H - Lancaster Invincibles Companv I. Companv K.

X BIBLIOGRAPHY:

X REFERENCES:

C±1:li±eUnitsoftheConfiederateStatesArmy RIvers, Williaiii I . Col. Rivers Account of the Raising Of the Troops for State and Corif ederate Service. Sifckis, Stewart Compendium of the Cofederate Armies

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The Civil War in South Carolina Index

http://www.researchonline.net/sccw/unitl02.htm 9/1/2006 Unit History - I st (Mccreary's) Infantry Regiment (I st Provisional Army) Page 1 of 3

47o43C> The Civil War in South CarolinaIll,1=IZ:H:1I-

1st (Mcci.ealj's) Infantry Regiment (1st-Provi-sional Army)-(Gregg's)

X HISTORICAL NOTES:

This regiment is sometimes referred to as Gregg's Regiment, although technically Col. Gregg was over a brigade, and after his death, command of the brigade went to Gen. MCGowan. Command of this regiment was for a time under Col. Cormillus Mccreary, hence the rrmes.

1st Infantry Reginent, Provisional Army completed its organization at Richmond, Virginia, in August, 1861. Most of the officers and men had served in the lst South Carolina Volunteers, a six-month command, which was mustered out of service in late July. The men were from Charleston and Columbia, and the counties of Darlington, Marrion, Hony, Aiken, and Florence. Assigned to General Gregg's and MCGowan's Brigade, the unit fought with the Army of Northern Virginia from the Seven Days' Battles to Cold Harbor . It was then involved in the difficult Petersburg siege north and south of the James River and the Appomattox Campaign. This regiment lost 20 killed and 133 wounded during the Seven Days' Battles, had fifty-three percent disabled of the 283 engaged at Second Manassas and Ox Hill , and had 4 killed and 30 wounded at Sharpsburg . It sustained 73 casualties at Fredericksburg and 104 at Chancellorsville , then lost thirty-four percent of the 328 at Gettysburg . There were 16 killed, 114 wounded, and 7 missing at The Wfldemess , and 19 killed, 51 wounded, and 9 missing at Spotsylvania . Cia April 9, 1865, it surrendered with 18 officers and 101 men.

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X OFFICERS:

Colonels Maxey Gregg, Daniel H. Hamilton, and Charles W. Mccreary; Lieutenant Colonels T. Pinckney Alston, Andrew P. Butler, Edward Mccrady, ]r., Washington P. Shooter, and Augustus M. Smith; and Major Edward D. Brailsford.

X BATTLES:

Fort Sumter SC (12 - 13 APR 1861) Vierma (17 JUN 1861) Seven Days Battles VA (25 ]UN - 1 JUL 1862) 2nd Bun Run VA (28 - 30 AUG 1862) Antietam VA (17 SEP 1862) Shepherdstown Ford (20 SEP 1862) Fredericksburg VA (13 DEC 1862) Chancellorsvme (14 MAY 1863) http://www.researchonline.nevsccw/init95.htm 12/I/2006 Unit History - 1st (Mccreary's) Infantry Reginent (1 st Provisional Army) Page 2 of 3

Gettysburg PA (1-3 ]UL 1863) Falling Waters (14 }UL 1863) Bristoe Cinpaign (9 - 22 0CT 1863) Mine Run Campaign VA (NOV - DEC 1863) The Wildemess VA (5 - 6 MAY 1864) Spotsylvania Court House VA (8 - 21 MAY 1864) North Arma VA (23 - 26 MAY 1864) Cold Harbor VA (1 - 3 JUN 1864) Petersburg Siege VA UUN 1864 - APR 1865) First Squirrel Level Road VA (30 SEP 1864) Jones Farm VA (30 SEP 1864) First Pegram's Fam` VA (1 0CT 1864) Five Forks VA (1 APR 1865)

X ROSTERS:

Rivers account states that the original recruitment of this reginent was 1,059 men inclu ding officers.

Field Staff and Band Company A - RIchland REes Company 8 - Darlington Guards Company C - Edgefield Rifles Company D - Abbeville Volunteers Company E - Union Volunteers Company E - after the reorganization Company F - Wee Nee Volunteers - Wmiamsburg County Company G - before the reorganization Company G - after the reorganization First Company H - Cherokee Ponds Guards Company H - Cherokee Pond Volunteers Company I - Monticello Guards Company K - Marion Volunteers Company L - Rhett Guards - Newberry County William H. Campbell's Company

X BIBLIOGRAPHY:

X REFERENCES:

Criite Units Of the Confederate States Army Caldwell, I . F . I . History Of a Brigade Of South Carolininns RIvers, William I . Col. Rivers Account of the Raising Of the Troops for State and Confederate Service. Salley, A. S. South Carolina Troops in Corfederate Service, Vol.1 Sif akis, S tewart Compendium Of the Cof ederate Armies

http://www.researehonline.net/sccw/uliit95.htm 12/I/2006 SC loth Infantry -CSA Regimental Histories, South Carolina Page 2 of 3 Gcea;:%ta°V:,'u#!gargswbausrgoragnadnjpzaerfd OofnthMeafh3:riaens#°XrfDhjustrn#t.' #hAeN]|°GthA uSL°¥th 4 |o 6 fo

elected its colonel. The recruits, whose only military qualifilcations were strong physiques, courage and ardent patriotism, assembled at Camp Marion near Georgetown on July 19 and the long and trying process of training in the school of the solider was begun. --Arthur Middleton Manigault, A Care/t.nt.an Goes to War

Twelve companies in all, numbering t`^/elve hundred men:

Compalny A, -GeorgetoNNn, " Georgetown Rifle Guards"

Company a -I+orry, "Brooks Rifle Guard§'

Company C -Horny, "Lake Swamp Volunteers"

Company D -Marion, '.Warr.on Vo/qnfeers.' known as "Harllee's Company" (Captain R.Z. Harllee). Men who served in this company may be found on the in the Confederate Armv from Marion Pages.

Company E -VVIill.iamsburg , "BIack Mingo Rifles"

Company F - Marion, ''Pee Bee Rangers" known as "Bostick's Company" (Captain F. J. Bostick) and "Miller's Company" Men who served in this company may be found on the Volunteers in the Confederate Army from Marion SC Pages.

Company G -Horny, "Horry Rough and Ready's"

Company H -WIliamsburg, "Lt.berry Vo/unfeers"

Company I -Marian, "Swamp For Ctiards" Captains: H. M. Lofton (resigned) and 8.8. Mc\/Vhite. Men who served in this company may be found on the Volunteers in the Confederate Arm from Marion SC Pages.

Company K -Charleston, "Eufaw Vo/unfeers"

Company L - Marion, ''Li.bertyr Guards" known as "Ford's Company" (Captain A. H. Ford) and as "MCMillan's Company" (Captain Sidney E. MCMillan) prior to MCMillan's promotion. Men who served in this company may be found on the Volunteers in the Confederate Army from Marion County, SC pages.

Company M -Horny; added in November 1861

Battles: Corinth Campaign (April-June 1862) Kentucky Campaign (August -Oct 1862) Murfreesboro, TN (Dec 31,1862-Jan 3,1863) Tullahoma Campaign (June 1863) Chickamauga, GA (Sept 19-20,1863) ham://sciway3.nevproctor/marion/military/wbts/SC10thlnf.html 1/13/2007 Tennessee 1193

theStatewithams&forthepublicdefence."Conversionandrepairofolderandcivilianlong ams was continued in the basement of the capitol. Early in the war the state secured the services of George W. Morse, an inventor and arms expert of national standing. Under his superintendency the new State Amory produced cartridges by machinery moved from Halpers Ferry and undertook extensive ams repair and alteration. The governor was able to report on 31 July that civilian ams bought from volunteers were "being converted into the minie rifle at the rate of 3cO per week" and that 30 sabers were being produced a day. Elsewhere other ams makers were busy; Mayor R. D. Baugh of Memphis had 64 "Irish pikes" made in his city for a (presumably) Irish company raised there. They were "about ten feet long, with a bayonet head for thrusting and a hook for cutting." History does not record their usage. The State iinory at Nashville may have commenced to produce the Morse single-shot, muzzle-loading musket, using machinery supplied by the Confederate War Department. A Confederate arsenal was also located in Nashville and there was a Confederate depot in Memphis, but the usefulness of all these installations was limited by events. Nashville was evacuated on 23 February 1862, and early in the following June Memphis was captured by Federal forces. By means of these shops, however, it was possible in 1861 for Tennessee to furnish its troopswithamsofasort.Judgingfromlettersandregimentalhistories,theirqualityoftenleft somethingtobedesired.After1862,Tennesseehadtosecureallitssmallarmsfromoutsideits borders.

Colors and Flags

The Secretary of State of the post-war state government wrote in 1866 that no official flag hadeverbeenadoptedbyTennesseeandthattheVolunteerMilitiahadbeenaccustomedinthe past to calTy such regimental colors as they pleased. This may well be true, we have no record at all of any Tennessee military colors earlier than 1861. Regimental flags carried during the Civil War were commonly of two sorts: the 1861 national flag at first, then the Any of Northern Virginia battle flag. Most surviving examples carry designations and battle honors. There were, however, several interesting variations and these bear out the remark quoted above about distinctive designs. A flag said to have been captured from a lst Tennessee Battalion at "the Battle of Chickahominy, July 27, 1862" is made of blue silk and has what seems to have been the U.S. coat of arms within an inegular center of white. The 18th Tennessee carried at Fort Donelson an 1861 national flag "inscribed with the coat of arms of Tennessee," and the unit's designation. The 32nd Tennessee carried this same Stars and Bars, but had the state capitol building painted on the union, sunounded by 13 stars. Still another command had "Our Right is Our Might" painted on the union in gold letters. The most interesting flag carried by a Termessee regiment was that of the 4th Volunteer Infantry. It was inscribed "Home Rule" and bore the "inverted cross cannon" awarded it for gallantry in the Battle of Penyville, Ky., in October 1862. 1194

5o.. CSA rod

ORDER OF BArn.E: VOLUNTEER MIIITIA c>S . +*:J=> icL:, ~)€C • Memphis Light mgoon Comp (merged into 6th Vol Cav Bn) 1860-1861 ls4th (Senior) Rcgt Of Vols (MCDchis; Smith's) 1860-1861 CS scrv: 1861-1865 OC>' 0 (Included Light Guards. Bluff City Grays, Hickory Rifles, Henry Guards, Crockett Rangers, etc.) /cO3-/66¢.. issues included jackets, pants, shins, and belt plates. Amcd With an assortment of muskets, Belgium rifles, Mississippi rifles, and Springfield rifles.

• Reek city Guards Bn (Nashville) 1861 ap lst Imf Regt (Maney's) Cs serv: 186l-1865 anelndcd Reek City Guards, UDion Arty, Tennessee Rifles (formerly Gerlnan Yagers], Maury GTay§, etc.)

9, "et- MmrrARy scHcoLs

• Westcm Military Institute (originally leeated in Kcnfucky; merged with University of Nashville) 1847-1855 jo Cadet Cofps, Uoivcrsity of Nashville 1855-1865 (?)

40 STATE TROOPS

• Bulow.scav Bo • Engineer Cofps (Sappers and Miners; 2 comps) • Welckcr's lnf Bn

® LoCAL DEFENSE moops AND HOME GUARDs

• Home Guards Rcgt of Nashville (Hamilton's) 1861 • Knoxvillc city police Guard 1863 • Memphis Bn (Foute's; also called 3rd Bn; disb) 1862 (?)

• Memphis Legion (Diron's) 1861 • Sullivan Co`]nty Reserves (Johuston's) (?) • Picketl's Hoinc Gunrds (Memphis) 1861 Ehew1,000musketsiDMay,butordcredtoret`LrnthcmasHomcGuardswcrenotauthorizedtodrawamsfromthe§tate.

6o EneoDmD ENROLLED unTI^

• 12lst Rcgt (Madison county; Buchanon's) • 154th Regt: see VOLUNTEER hELI'[1A • 155th Rest (Wallcr.s, Pickett's) to l861 2ls( Vol Imf Rcgt (Pickett's; consol with 2nd Imf Regt and reorgan as 5th Confedmte Imf Rest, q.v.)CS scrv: 1861-1862 Initially armed with fliDtlack muskets.

voLur`ITEER CAVALRT

• let Rcgt (Car(er's; fomnerly 3rd cav Bn) 1862-1865

7p A/ar /864.. Comp L iss`ied 400 cat .58 caftridges, 200 cat .54 cartridges, and 200 cartridges for Bumside carbines. JVov /864.. Camp D received a supply of ovcrcoots. jackets. shins. and I.ants, but was still hadJy iD need of clothing. • lst Rcg( (Wt)ccler's): scc 6th Cav Rcgt • lst Rcg( (Jackson's): see 7th Cav Rest • lst Bn (MCNairy's; also called lst West Tcnncssee Cav Bn; consol with 7th Cav Bn to for[n 1861-1862 80 2nd [Barmu.8] Cav Rcgt) • let East Tennessee Cav Regt (rcorgan as 13th Cav Bn) 1861-1862 1?a 1195

ORDER OF BATTLE /conii.„wed/

• 2nd R¢gt ®afteae's; fomed from lst and 7th Cav Bns; also called 22nd Cav Rest) . 00 1862-1865 • 2nd Regt (^shby's; formed from 4th and 5th Cav Bns) `` 0 1862-1865 • 2nd Bn Oiffle's consol with I lth Cav Bn to fom 6th Cav Regt) l?e 1861-1862 • 3rd Rest (Forest.s Old Regt; reorgan as 26th Cav Bn) 1861-1865 130 /862-/863.. issued hats, coats, jackets, shir(s, pants, drawers, socks, and shoes. Amed with Enfield rifles. • 3rd Bn Orazclton's; also called 14th Cav Bn; reorgan as l§t Cav Rest) 1861-1862 llc' /an /662.. issued 500 sabers, bet(s and plates,11 carbines. and 2cO powder flasks. • 4th Rcg( (Stames.; formed from 8th Cav Bn; also called 3rd Cav Regt) /SO 1862-1865 • 4th Regt (BaxteT Smith.s): see 8th Cav Rcgt • 4th Bn (Bra]mcr.s; also called lst or 29th East Tennessee Cav Bn; consol with 5th Cav Bn to form 1861-1862 160 2nd [Ashby`s] Cav Regt) • 5th Regt (famed from 13th Cav Bn) ri® 1862-1865 • 5th Bn (cousol with 4th Cav Bn to form 2nd [Ashby's] Cav Rest) ` t±® 1861-1862 • 6th Rcgr (Whecler's; formed from 2nd and I lth Cav Bus; also called lst Cav Regt) 1862-1865 • Cl® /864.. issues included hats, jackets, shirts, drawers, shoes. and tin cups. • 6th Bn (reorgan as 7th Cav Rest) 1861-1862

aee> (Included the Memphis Light lhagcons, Shelby Light Dragoons, Termessee Mounted Rifles, ctc.) /66/.. Comp A well drilled, mounted, and equipped. Camp C wore red shins withou( coats. alned with Shotguns and pistols; carried M186l national flag pat(em swallowtail guidon with .`C.S.", .`H.C.", and `'Victory or lleath." • 7th Reg( (Jackson's; formed from 6th Cav Bn; also called lst Cav Regt) 2 lo 1862-1865 • 7th Bti (cousol with lst Cav Bn to forln 2nd (Barteau's] Cav Regt) >ae 1861-1862 • 8th Reg( ®axter Smith's; formed from Davis' and Spiller's Cav Bns; also called 4th Cav Rest) 230 1862-1865 • 8th Rcgt (Dibrell's): see 13th Cav Regt • 8th Bn (reorgan as 4th Cav Rcgt) 34e 1861-1862 • 9th Rcg( (Ward's; also called 3rd Regt, Morgan.s Brig) 2J{C> 1862-1865 • 9th Regt (Biffl€.s): see l9th Cav Rest • 9th Bn (Gantt's) 1861-1865 260 /86J.. issued hats, caps, cotton shirts, wool shirts, and jackets. • loth Regt (fonned from Col.s and Napier's Cav Bns; consol with llth Cav Rcgt) 170 1863-1865 • lothBn: see llthcavBn • loth and llth Regts Consol urolman's) 2,i:;® 1865 • I lth Res( (forlried from Douglass' and Holman's Bns Partisan Rangers; consol with loth Cav Regr) 1863-1865 2 qti /86j.. issued hats, jackets, shirts. pants, spurs, and gun slings. Armed with EnfLcld rifles, Mississippi rifles and a variety Of revolvers. • llth Bn (Cordon.s; also called loth cav Bn; consol with 2nd cav Bn to form 6th cav Rest)Goo 1861-1862 • 12th Rest (lst Termesscc par(isan Rangers) 1863-1865 :.`i'\`3 /864.. armed with Enfield and Sharps rifles. • 12th Bn ®ay's; consol with l6th cav Bn to form Ruckcr's lst Tennessee I.egion) 320 1862-1863 • 13th Regt (Dibrell's; also called 8th cav Regt) 1862-1865 `? .gi''` Organized as par(isan rangers and amed with personally o`rmed shotguns and rifles. Oc/ /862.. issued flintlcek muskets and s&bcrs by CSA. I)cc /862.. captured sufficient Enfield rifles near Jackson, Tenn.. to ream rest. • 13th Bn (fomed from lst East Tcnnessce Cav Regt; also called 2nd Cav Bn; reorgan as 5th Cav Rcgt) 3 to 1862 • 14th Regr Oveely's; also called 13th Cav Rest; merged into Nixon.s Cav Rest) 3€® 1863-1865 • 14thBn: sce3rdcavBn • 15th Regt (Stewall's; also called 14th Cav Regt; consol with 16th [Logwood's] Cav Rcgt to form 1863-1864 a?':T`-I |5th consol cav Rest) • 15th Consol Rcgt Oussell.s; also called 20th Cav Regt; merged into Nixon's Cav Rcgt) € 70 1864-1865 • 15th BD (fnerged into Russell's 4th Alabama Cav) :.:.`{ +?a 1862-1863 • 16th Rcgt (Logwood's; consol with 15th (Stewart's] Cav Regt to form 15th Consol Cav Regt) €. Ll ,` 18611864 • 16th Regt (Wilson's; also called 2lst Cav Res.) [`{'J::{`.B 1864-1865 • 16th Bn (consol with 12th Cav Bn to form Rucker's lst Temessee Legion) 4/ ``t* 1862-1863 1196

ORDER OF BATTLE /couti.nacd/

• 17tl) Rest (Marshall's; fonnerly called 16th Cav Rcg() 12 C> 1863-1864 • 17th Bn (Sander's; merged into 9th Mississippi Cav Regt)430 1862-1863 • 18th Rcgt (Newsom.s; also called l9(h Cav Regi) 4^0 1864-1865 • I8th BD (MCDonald's)4`€® 1862-1865 • 19th Regt (Biffle.s; also called 9th Cav Rcgt) .1..`. 1863-1864 • 20th Regt (Ninon's; consol with 15th Consol Cav Regt (o for|n Ninon's Cav Rest) i On'O 1864-1865 • 20th Rcgt (RussclJ.s): see 15th Conso] Cav Rcgt A.faf` • 2lst Regt (Carter's)t`r:i® 1864-1865 2lstBn €,e® (?) • 22nd Rcgt: scc 2nd ®afteau's) Cav Regt 5`o • 26th Bn (Forrcs('s Old Regl; formerly 3rd Cav Rcgt) S2o 1865 • 27th BD (Mead'§)S3o 1865 • 28th Regt (Hays.) Sto 1865 • AIlisoD's Squadron (merged in(o Shaw's Cav Bn) 5 SO 1864 • Collins' Rcgt (also caued Collins. Bn; broken up) £6o 1863-1864 • Col.s Bn (consol with Napier's Cav Bn to form loth Cav Regt) 5|o 1862-1863 • Davis. Bn (consol with Spillcr's Cav Bn to folm 8th Cav Rcgt) g?® 1861-1862 • Douglass' Bn Partisan Rangers (consol with Hol]nan.s Bn Paftisan Rangers to form I lth Cav Regt) 1862-1863 S-,t`® Amed with shotguns and pistols brought from home; rearmed with capt`ircd Enfield rifles and carbines. • FofTcst's Old Regt: see 3rd Cav Regt €c\o • Forest.s Escort (comp) 1862-1865 e`o Described as "superbly lnountcd and equipped'.: amed mainly with double-barTclled shotguns. • franklin's Rcgt t,.Lc> 1863-1864 • Grecr's Rcgt Partisan Rangers (formei']y Grecr's Bn)t``-'',. 1863-1864 • HamiltoD's Bn: see Shaw's Cav Bn61£- • Hndy's Squadron (temporary command)6Lr` 1862-1863 • HOLman's Bn Paftisan Rangers (consol with Douglass. Bn Paftisan Rangers to fom I lth Cav Rcgt) 4.+.i` 1862-1863 • Kizer's Rest (mcTged into 2lst Cav Reg) .`T,'.`` 1863-1864 • Lay.a Regt ¢a`>.c` (?) • MCDondd's Bn: see l8th Cav Bn l^`,r`` • Mumy's Rcgt (also called 4th Cav Rcgt) tv'i^ `'^ 1862-1863 • Napier.s Bn (consol with Cox's Bn to fom loth Cav Rest) ti ' ' ` 1862-1863 • Nowsom's Rcgt (field organ; disb)?:r\ 1863 • Ninon's Rcgt (formed from 14th, 15th Cotisol, and 20th Cav Rests) 1p `.p``:` 1865 • Rucker.s lst Tcmessee Ifgion (forfnerly 12th and 16th Cav Bns) ?t'`'` 1863-1865 • Shawls Bn (also called Ilamil(on's Cav Bn) o,JJ+{` 1862-1865 • Spiller's Bn (consol with Davis. Cav Bn to form 8th Cav Rcgt) i't .i .-` 1861-1862 • Wilson.s Rest 77G 1863

VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY AND ENGINEERS

• lst R¢gt Heavy Arty (Jackson's) 76.a 1862 • lst Regt Light Arty Oermessee Arty Corps) 1861-1865 140 Btry A /Rw/edgc's/ initially wore blue frock coat, pants and fofnge cap, with havelcek. Wey /86/.. changed to short gray frock coat, gray pants with red Stripe. gray fcll hat; officers same with red collar and cuffs, and state rank insignia. Brass cross cannon won on cap and hat with both uniforms. Light arty saber.

• Engineer Corps: see STATE TROOPS 1197

ORDER OF BATTLE /confi."wed/

VOLUNTEER INFANTRY

• lst Regt provisional Army (Tumey.s First; Walker Legion; lst confederate) 1861-1865 Ihitiallyissuedgray(?)blousewomoverpants,edgedwith(?);(dark)longpants;blackfelthatwithbrasscompletteron goo front; armed with "rifle.' and usually carried side knife or rifleman's axe. (Probably amed with M184l rifle al(ered for saber bayonet,) Irdter carried ANV baule flag. • lst Regt (Maney's Firs(; consol with 27th lnfRegt to fom ls( and 27th Rests consol in l862; in l865 1861-1865

8iQ:°on:;'HW;i:[t}°alT;rw:regts;:°yfi::k'cSo`a::T;a:#b::egrim,graypants,andb|ackfelihat;laterworegrayjacket"62..regr flag, dark blue with upright red cross (bearing 11 stars) quartering the field. /864.. alTned with Enfield rifles and rifled muskets. ``?5 lst Consol Regt (formed flu.n the lst, 6th, 8th, 9th,16th, 27th, 28th, and 34th Imf Regts, and 24th Bn Shapshcoters) 1865

• lst Bn (Colms'; also called 20th Bn; merged into 50th Imf Regt) i?3o 1861-1862 • lst Bn (Eakin's; merged into 59th Imf Regt) a+o 1861-1862 • lst Zouaves (Anglade's): failed to complete organ 8So • 2nd Regt provisional Any (Bate's second; 2nd confederate; Walker Legion) 1861-1865 € 6C> Initially anned with muskets, largely conversions, and some Mississippi rifles; Jwnc /862.. reamed with rifled muskets. • 2nd Regt (Walker's second; consol with 2lsl Imf Regt and reorgan as 5th confederate Imf Rest, a.v.) 1861-1862 81c> Initially amed with conversions. J862.. issues included jackets. pants, flannel shirts, undershirts, sceks, shoes, canteens and haversacks. • 2nd Consol Rest (formed from the 50th [Consol], llth,12th,13th, 29th, 47lh, 5lst, 52nd,154th lnf Regts)8'go 1865 • 3rd Regt provisional Any (Vaughn's Third; convened to mounted imf l863) €9cJ 1861-1865 • 3rd Regt (Broun's Third) 1861-1865 q 00 /864.. carried rectangular ANV pattern battle flag with six battle honors lettered on whi(e edging to the cross. 4`C. 3rdconsolRegt(fomedfromrerrmantsof4th. 5th,19th, 24th, 3lst, 33rd, 4lst, InfRegtsand 5thconfederatelnfRegt) 1865 • 4th Rcgt Provisional Any: see 34th Imf Regt • 4th Regt (consol with remnants of other regts to form 3rd consol Regt) 1861-1865 q20 0c/ /862.. for gallantry at Perryville allowed to place the "inverted cross cannon on i(s battle flag." Exchanged "old guns'. for captured Enfield rifles. /862-/86j.. issues included Austhan rifles, knapsacks, haversacks. canteens, jackets, and solne hats. • 5th Regt Provisional Army: see 35th Imf Regt • 5th Regt (conso] with remnants of other regts (o form 3rd Conso] Imf Regt) q3o 1861-1865 • 6th Regt (Stephens'; consol with 9th Imf Regt to form 6th and 9th Consol Imf Regts in 1862; 1861-1865 4Ljo consol with other Tegts to form lst consol Regt) Called a well drilled regt of high morale. Carried ANV battle flag. Ini(ially armed with flintlcok muskets. • 7th Regt Provisional Any: see 37th Imf Rest • 7th Rcgt (Hatton's) 1861-1865 4SO Initially amed with M184l rifle; exchanged in l863 forspringfieldorEnfield rifle musket. Carried M186l national flag. • 8th Regt (Fulton's; consol with other regts to fom lst Consol Regt) 1861-1865 46o Initially issued percussion muskets. • 8th Regt Provisional Any (Lconey.s; Ca[ter's): see 38th Imf Regt • 9th Regt (Douglass'; consol with 6th Imf Regt, g.v.) 1861-1862 q?,9 hitially af7ned with flindceks, • loth Regt (Heiman's; conso] with 30th Imf Regt to form loth and 30th Consol Regts in 1863) 1861-1865 •.?LSO Initially armed with flintlock muskets. hunting rifles and shotguns. • I lth Regt (Rains'; consol with 29th Imf Regt (o form I lth and 29th Consol Rests in 1864) 1861-1865 q¢o /86/.. issued flintlock muskets and "ninie" rifles. Carried M1863 national pattern flag with six battle honors on white fleld. • 12th Regt (Russell's; absorbed 22nd and 47th lnf Regts in 1862) 1861-1865 /Oce hitially issued dark (?) frcek coat with lighter collar and pointed cuffs; dark pants; flintlocks. • 13th Rcgt (Wrigh('s; consol with 154th [Senior] Regt to form 13th and 154th Consol Res.s in 1863) 1861-1865 1198

ORDER OF BATTLE /confl.nAAed/

• 14th Regi a]brbes.) 1861-1865 I c>2o hitially issued convasions. CalTied ANY battle flag. • 15th Rcgt (CafToll.8; consol with 37th lnf Reg( to form 15th and 37th Consol Regts in 1863) 1861-1865 lo3C> Initially armed with `[crcussion weapons" and flindcets. • 16th Rcgt (Savage.s) 1861-1865 /c>to IDitiauy issued flintlock musket. Wore piece Of white cloth on front Of hats in Cheat Mountain opemtion (Scp, 1861). Aprl.JIDcc /862.. fcamed with Enficld rifle musket. • 17th Rcgt arewma]i's; consol with 23rd Imf Rest to fonn 17th and 23rd Consol lnf Rests) 1861-1865 /Cg° Initially issued flintlock musket; reamed with Enficld rifle musket c. March 1862. • 18th Rcgt oaha.s) 1861-1865 /Oea Carried M186l nAtioml flag bearing state coat Of arms. Initially amed with flintlcek muskets. /864.. carded rectangular ANV p&ttem batdc flag with four battle honors lettered on white edging to the Cuss. • 19th Rcgr (C`immings.; consol with other f€gts to fom 3rd Consol Rest) 1861-1865 Jo70 Initially amcd with flintlcek muskets. • 20th Rcgr (Battlc's Rest) 1861-1865 / C'60 hitiany issued flindack musket; fcarmc{I with Enficld rifle musket c. March 1862. Prssemed with a flag by Ou. Jchn C. Beskinridge c. Match 1863, made by his wife from her wedding dress. • 2ist Rcgt: scc i55th Rcgt. EMBODHD ENROLLED hELmA • 22nd Rcg( (Freeman's; nerged into l2th Imf Rest) 1861-1862 /Oho /862.. amrd with Enfield rifles. and rifled muskets. Issues included hapsacks and haversacks. • 23rd Rcgt (Maltin's; cousol with l7th lnf Rcgt to fom l7th and 23rd consol Imf Regts). 1861-1865 •Ioo Carded ANY battle flag. • 23rd Bn (Nc`rman.a; consol with 45th Imf Rcgt) 1862-1863 n lo /86j.. issued IEmpsacks, haversacks, carthdge boxes with shoulder sfrops, caps, hats. "Jacket coats," "short coats," •`couts." shirts, pants. jeans pants. • 24th Rcg( (Allison.s; consol with otlicr reg(s to form 3rd consol R¢gt) n 2.a 1861-1865 • 24th BD shapshooters (Mancy.s; merged into 34th lnf Rcgt) I l30 1863-1864 • 25th Rcgt (Stauton's) 1861-1865 I 'L+C' Initially afnrd with `Tcmcssee rifles" and "c&pnned muskets." Carried M186l national flag of distinctive design. • 26th Regt (Lillard.8) 1861-1865 •.So /86J.. Coixp A issued one kcttlc dnrm, hats. coats. paiits. flarmel and cotton shirts. /862.. Comp F issued Belgian rifles and bayonets, lqupsacks, white havcTsacks. and canteens. Chher issues in Tcgt included "Round &bo`it" jackets. and cotton pants. Carded M186l national flag. • 27th Rcgt (Broun`s; consol with lst [Mancy.s) lnf Regt to form lst and 27th Consol Rcgts) 1861-1862 /J4rf> Initially issued Enficld rifles (about Doc 1861). • 28th Rcgt (MufTay.9; 2nd Mountain Regt; absofoed 84th hf Rcgt 1863; consol with other fegts 1861-1865 /JIC> to fon lst Couel Rcgr) • 29th Rcgt (Poweu's) i/€C) 1861-1865 • 30th Rcgt qucad.a; consol with loth Imf Rcgt to form loth and 30th Consol Regls) 1861-1863 //7° Supplied with Fedml arms and accoutcmcnts after Battle of Chickasaw Bluffs. Doc 1862. • 3lgt Rcg( (A. H. Bdrdford'§; consol with 33rd Imf Rcgt to fom 3lst and 33rd Consol Rcgts) 1861-1865 /2«) /66/.. issued havcrsacts, canteens, tin cups and plates. /86j.. issued hats, jackets, and pants. • 318t Rcgt (W. M. Bradfdrd.s; convcr(ed lo mouned inf, 1863: ftdesig 39th lnf Rcgt) i~'/a 1862-1865 • 32nd Rcgt (Ccok.s) 1861-1865

/2zD Initially anred with flintlcek muskets. /66/.. issues included lmapsacks, haversacks, and canteens. /862-/864.. issued lDapsacts, havcrsacts. cartidgc boxes with shoulder belts, whs( belts with plates and buckles, caps, wcol hats, oveocoats,cons,jackets.cononandchcckedshifts;armedlargclyvith^usthanriflcs.CafriedM1861nationalflagwith ftst number oD white t.ar. and the union with state capitol building painted in white and sulrounded by 13 stars; yellow fro8c. • 33rd Rcgt (consol with 3lst (A. H. Bradford's] hf Rcgt) 1861-1865 /13C> hitially issued shotgtins and hunting rifles; cxchangcd for flintlcek muskets April l862; and forriflc muskets salne month. 1199

ORDER OF BATTLE /confl.„ued/

• 34th Regt (formerly 4th Imf Regt, Provisional Any; consol with 50th inf Regt; conso] with other rests 1861-1863 /2+a to fom |st Consol Regt) • 35th Regt (lst Mountain Rifles; formerly 5th Imf Regt. Provisional Army).25~o 1861-1865 • 36th Regt (Morgan's; formed from camp's lnf Bn; broken up) `1{.a 1862 • 37th Regt (lst East Termessee Rifles; fomerly 7th Imf Regt, Provisional Any; cousol with 15th Imf Rest) 1861-1863 12r7e Initially amed with flintlock muskets and shotguns. • 38th Regt (Iooney's; also called 8th Imf Rest) 1861-1865 '2`C' /86/.. armed with rifles. muskets. and double-hamel shotguns-"nut lnore than 50 perfcot." • 39th Rcgt: see 3ls( (W. M. Bradford's) Imf Regt • 40th Rest (Walker Regt; reorgan as 5th Confederate Regt, g.v.) . zgo 1861-1862 • 4lst Rcgt (Farquharson's) 1861-1865 •3oo Carried rectangular ANY pattcm bat(lc flag. • 42nd Regt (Q`iarles') 13.a 1861-1865 • 43rd Regt (GiLlespie's; converled to mounted Imf,1863) .52o 1861-1865 • 44th Regt (MCDaniel's) 1861-1865 i33c> Carried ANY baule flag. • 45th Regt (Mitchell's; absorbed 23rd Imf Bn) 1861-1865 /862-/863: issued oil cloth kmpsacks, cotton cloth haversacks, "shot bags," cardidge boxes with shoulder belts, waist beltsandplates,coats,jackets,cottonpan(s,caps,wcolhats.Amedwithpercussionmuskets,Enfieldrifles,Mississippi rifles. • 46th Regt (Clark's) `3So 1861-1865 • 47th Rcgt (Hill's). 1861-1865 136o Initially afmed with "sponing rifles and shotguns''; at Shiloh (April 1862) reamed with US M186l rifle musket. • 48th Regt (Nixon.s) I3io 1862-186S • 48th Regt (Voorhies')`38o 1861-1865 • 49th Regt (Bailey'S) `3qo 1861-1865 • 50th Regt (Stacker's; absoTbcd lst (Colms'] Imf Bn,1862; absorbed 34th Imf Regt,1863) I+°° 1861-1865 • 50th Consol Regt (Colms') lt`o 1865 • 5lst Regt (Browder's; absorbed 52nd Imf Rest) lt+20 1862-1865 • 52nd Regt (Lea's; consol with 5ls( Imf Regt) .130 1862-1865 • 53rd Regt (Abemathy's) `Wo 1862-1865 • 54th Regt (Dearing's) I+so 1862 • 55th Regt (MCKom's; merged in(o 44th Imf Regt) ILt .C> 1862 • 55th Regt (Bro`un's) I+lo 1862-1865 • 56th Rcgt: never formed • 57thRegt iv80 (?) • 58thRegt i+qo (?) • 59th Regt (formed from ls( [Ealin's] Imf Bn; converlcd to mounted imf, 1863) .ScO 1862-1865 • 60th Regt (Gregg.s; also called 79th Imf Regt; converted to mounted imf) .s.a 1862-1865 • 6lst Regt (also called 8lst Imf Regt; converted to mounted imf, 1864) 152o 1862-1865 • 62nd Regt Qowan`s; also called 80th Imf Regt; converted to mounted imf) lseo 1862-1865 • 63rd Regt (Fain.s; also called 74th lnf Rcgt) IS¥Cl 1862-1865 • 84th Rcgt (Stanton's; consoL with 28th Imf Rest) l>-cO 1862-1863 • 154th Regt: see VOLUNTEER MtlLIHA 1862 156°:re='osn?snR(:;:S:LW:|o5ctho:;]¥e|:gu:'S]KenfuckylnfRcg()

Memphis Bn (also called 3rd Imf Bn): scc LOCAL DEFENSE moops Nashville Bn (Hawkins`) Welcker's lnf Bn: see STATh TROOPS 12cO

Union Tennessee

The creation of a substantial pro-Confedera(e military force prior to 8 June 1861, when the peopleofTennesseehadbeeninstructedbytheirlegislaturetovoteonthesubjectofsecession, was felt by many East Termesseeans to have interfemed with their free expression of opinion. Union sympathizers found themselves harassed by soldiery, their meetings broken up, and in many cases they were forced to flee the state. It was from young men who had fled north from East Tennessee into Kentucky that the initial Union regiment from the state was formed at Camp Dick Robinson in August 1861. The majority of the Union Termessee commands were fomed in this manner, outside the state in Kentucky or Ohio, from refugees. Organization and equipping were carried out at first by Federal field commanders, but once military government had been established in Middle and West Termessee, with the capital again in Nashville, Governor Andrew Johnson com- mencedtoassumeresponsibility.AnAdjutantGeneralwasappointedinl862,andsoonaftera home guard type of militia was formed of men favorable to the Union. Eas( Tennessee, where lay the strongest Union sympathy, remained longest under Con- federate control. From this region the Union Any received its largest input of recruits. Refugees continued to cross the rugged mountains into Union territory and this migration brought forth a class of men called guides or pilots who undertook to conduct parties past the Confederate patrols. When Confederate conscription was announced in early 1862, large groupsofyoungmenfledEastTennessee;onepartyofoverfourhundredstartedinApril1862 for Cumberland Gap, only to be intercepted by a regiment of East Termessee Confederate Cavalry and brought back to prison in Knoxville. Altogether, the state furnished over 31,OcO white troops to the Union Army. She also providedover16regimentsofcoloredtroops.InFebruary1864theNashvilleDal./yrl.mesand rr«e Unl.on reported that Negro regiments were being formed at the rate of five hundred men a week. The first five Negro commands were organized in 1863 and bore the state name, followed by the words "African Descent." From late 1863 forward the regiments were given designations directly as U.S. Colored Trcops.

51 : L/SA Tiv 111 _ +-+-+-+i-+ ---_I ORDER OF BATTLE: VOLUNTEER CAVALRY (UNION)

• lst Rcgt (lst Regt East Tcnnesscc cav; also called Johnson's 4th Imf Rcgt) 1862-1865

ae/c, Iniouy uniformed as inf and issued "Ausoian rifles." IVov /862.. converted to cav and issued US res cav dress andaccoutements;/862..amedwithBumsideandShalpscarbines,M1840saber./863..amedlargelywithGallagher

carbine,Snrithcafbine.WhitDcynavyrevolver,M1840saber./86¢..B`irnsidecarbine,Rcmingtonamyrevolver,M1860 saber. • lst hdcpcndeDt Bn Oavis. East Tcmessee Scouts): see I lth Vol Cav Rcgt • 2Dd Rcgt (2nd Regt East Termessee cav) 1862-1865 jto /662.. sofne amed with sharps carbines. /864.. Bumside and Gallagher caTbincs, M1840 saber.•3rdRcgt(3rdRcgtEastTcmesscccav;Pickeus'Regtp® 1863-1865•4thRcgt(4thRcgtEastTcmcsseecav)1863-18654C'/864..carriedspringfieldrifledmuskets,GallaghercaTbinc,ColtandRcmingtonanyrevolvers.M1840saber.

111-----_------+-+-+ 1201

ORDER OF BATTLE /coutl.naed/ • 5th kegt (lst Rcgt Middle Tennessee cav; Stokes' R¢gt) 1862-186S 5C} J66¢..and with Merrill and Snrith carbines, Colt army revolver, Whitncy navy fcvolver. M1840 saber. • 6th Rcgt (lst Rcgt west Tennessee lnf. later cav) 1862-1865 6o /862.. Springfield rifled muskets. /86¢.. armed with Springfield rifled muskets, Sharps cafbinc, Colt any f€volver, • M1840and M1860 sabers. • 7th Regt quawkins. Reg(; 2nd Reg( West Tennessee Cav) 1862-1865 7° /864.. carried Enfield rifle. Gallagher carbine, M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 8th Regt (5th, later 8th Regt East Temessee Cav) 1863-1865 gEJ /864.. catTied Bumside carbine. Colt any fcvolver, M1840 and M1860 sabas. • 9thR,gt 1863-1865 90 /864.. ^usthan rifle, Gallaghcr carbine, M1840 and M1860 sabers. ® 10thRc8' 1863-1865 /00 /864.. Burusidc and Moniu carbines, Colt and Rcmington any I€volvcrs, M1840 satin. • llth Rcgt (fonnerly lst Cav Bn; merged into 9th Cav Regt) 1863-1865 //a /864.. Austhan rifle, Deals. any and mvy revolvers. no sabers f€poreed. ® 12thRe8t 1863-1865 • Zo /864.. largely and with Merill carbine. solnc Snaps carbines, Colt army fcvolvcr. M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 13th Rcgt (also called l2th cav Regt) 1863-1865 •3C> /864.. Colt revolving rifle. Joslyn.carbine, Starr anny revolver, largely equipped with M1840 and M1860 sabers. • Bndfnd.s Bn (also called 13th and 14th Cav Rcgt)/Vo 1863-1864 • (also Bcrty.s Independent scouts) ; 5o (?) • lst Rcgt Alabama and Tcnncssee Cav: see ALABAMA (UNION)

VOLUNTEER LIGIIT ARTILLERY (LJNION) ® ls'Bn ',o 1862-1865

VOLUNTEER MouNTED INFAI`rrRV AND INFANTRY (UNloN)

• lst Rcgt (ls( Rcgt East Tcnncssee lno 1861-1865 110 /862.. Austian rifle. /86?-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • lst Mouuted Regt qurion Guards) 1863-1865 / )a /864.. Enficld rifle, Gallagher and Mchll carbines. Remington almy and starr any and whitDey mvy revolvers, M1840 s&bcrs. • 2nd Rcgt (Caftcr's Rcgt; 2nd Regt East Termcsscc Imf; mounted in l863) 1861-1865 loo /86J.. Bumside and Mcrill cartiiDes. Colt any revolver, M1860 saber. /864.. Enfield rifle. • 2nd Mounted Rcgt (Union Gunrds) 1863-1865 ?Ct' /864.. Enfleld rifle, McrTill cafbine, Remington any and mvy revolvers, Starr any rcvolvcr, M1860 saber. • 3rd Rcg( (3rd Rcgt East Tcmcssee Imf; munted in l863) 1862-1865 a/a /862.. M1842 musket. /86j.. Mcrrill and sharps caibines, Colt any and Rcmington arlny and navy rcvolvcrs. M1840 sebcr. • 3rd Mouuted Rcgr (Crawiord's Scouts) 23o loo days, 1864 • 4th Rcg( (Johnson.s): see lst Cav Rest • 4th Rcgr (4th Regt East Tennessee lnf) 1863-1865 2 3C> /86J-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 4th Mounted Regt 2 .Ac> 1864-1865 • 5th Rcgt (5th Rcgt East T¢nnesscc Imf) 1862-1865 Zsh° /862_/863.. Austrian rifled musket. /864.. Springflcld rifled muskets. • 5th Mounted Regt :J ¢ti.\ 1864-1865 • 6th Rcgt (6th Rcgt East Tennessee Imf) 1862-1865 i?a /862-J86j.. Ausdian rifled muck¢t. J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 6th Mounted Rcgt €co 186+1865 • 7th Rcgt (7th Rcgl East Tcniiessee Imf) =QO 1861-1863 1202

ORDER OF BATTLE /coHtl.nwed/ • 7th Mounted Rcgt a,c® 1864-1865 • 8th Rcgt (8th Rcgt East Temessee Imf) 1863-1865 3` `L` /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. /664.. solne Enfield rifles issued. • 8th Mouned Regt£3t]` 1864-1865 • 9th Regt: failed to complete organ 1862-1865 ::i.+doth,£e2¥,(8]6S;..T;:e:=n9fl°ev=:[:Sis?:#.::#;gr€,¥!:#:Tm¥k:=hi)

VOLUNTEER CORPS, AFRICAN DESCENT 34to (AII Negro comiTiands raised in the state were issued US rcg clothing, ams and accoueements.) • lst.Tennessee Heavy Arty, a.d. (redesig) 1863-1864 2nd (later 3rd) Regt Heavy Arty. U.S.C.T. 1864-1866 /863.. Austrian rifled muskets (cat .58) with black and leaf sights. • 2Bd Tennessee Heavy, Arty. a.d. (redesig) 1863-1864 3rd (later 4th) Regt Heavy Arty. U.S.C.T. 1864-1866 /86?.. rifled muskets M1842. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • Memphis Light Btry, a.d. (also called lst Btry Tennessee Light Arty. a.d.; redcsig) 1863-1864 Btry F, 2nd Rest Light Arty, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 • lst Tennessee lnf. a,d. (redesig) 186L1864 59th Rcgt ldf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1866 /863-/864.. Enfield rifles; some Springfield rifled muskets 1864. • 2nd Tcmessee Imf, a.d. (redesig) 1863-1864 6lst Regt lnf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 /86j-/864.. Enfield rifles. • 3rd Tcmcssee Imf. a.d.: see lst Regt Alabalna Siege Arty, a.d., in Alabama QJnion)

u.s. COLORED moops RAlsED IN TENNEssEE

• Btrys A and I, 2nd Regt Light Arty. U.S.C.T. 3S-a 1864-1866 • lst Rcgt Heavy Arty, U.S.C.T. 1864-1866 36o /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 9th Rcgt Heavy Arty, U.S.C.T. 1864-1865 .2?a /86<.. Enfleld rifles. • 12th Rcgt Imf, U.S.C.T. 186L1866 380 /86J.. rifled muskets M1842. /864.. Enrield rifles. • 13th Rcgt lnf, U.S.C.T. 1863-1866 3fo /863.. rifled muskets "altered to pereussion.'' /86¢.. Enfield rifles. • 14th Regt Imf, U.S.C.T. 1863-1866 4cO /86j.. rifled muskets ..altered (o percussion.'' 1864: Enfield rifles. • 15th Rcgt Imf, U.S.C.T. 1863-1866 4/a J86j-/864.. rifled muskets "altered to percussion." • 16th Rcgt lnf, U.S.C.T. 1863-1866 420 /863.. rifled muskets M1842. • 17th Regt Imf, U.S.C.T. 1863-1866 Yjo /e6,?-/864.. rifled muskets M1842. • 40th Rcg( Imf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1866 4V° /864.. Enfield rides; M1842 smoothbore muskets; rifled muskets M1842.

• 42nd Regt lnf, U.S.C.T. 1864-1866 /5-a /864.. Enficld rifles.

• 88th Rcgt lnf. U.S.C.T. (consol with 3rd Regt Heavy Arty, U.S.C.T.) V60 1865 • 10lst Rcgt Imf. U.S.C.T. 1864-1866 4;a 1864: rifled muskets "altered to percussion." Texas 1215

Secessionbroughtaboutarevivalofboththesecondandthirdnationalflags.Theflagwith the single star on a blue field appears to have been widely used as a secession banner, and traditionally this was the flag irmortalized in "The Bonnie Blue Flag," composed early in 1861 at Jackson, Mississippi. Some of the mounted troops of Mcculloch's forces in Sam Antonio, February 1861, carried it; and one flag of this kind, with a gold fringe border, is amongthosenowpreservedinAustin.Avariationofthisflag,inthecollectionsoftheChicago Historical Sceiety, is one of the two known flags carried by Teny's Texas Rangers (8th Regiment Texas Cavalry). It is made of bunting, 23 X 33 inches in size. On the blue field is a largewhitestarwitharadiusof9.5inches.Acrossthe(op,abovethestar,inyellowletters,is: "Teny's Texas Rangers." AnumberofTexascommandsduringtheearlypartofthewar,seemtohavefirstcarriedthe third national flag. The lst Texas of Hcod's Brigade is recorded as using it, and among the flags now preserved in Austin is one identified as this flag. Above the white star is "SEVEN PINES," and beneath it is "GAINES FARM." Both are lettered in gilt. Manyunitsutilizedthe1861Confederatenationalflagandsomedidnothesitatetoalterits original design to their own taste. An odd example is the flag of the 5th Texas Infantry. In its blueunionisalargeredstarinsideofwhicharearrangedtensmallwhitestarswithalargeone in the center. On the reverse side, the arrangement of the stars is the same, but on a yellow union. On the white bar in the field is a shield device inside of which is "Texas" with a gilt star beneathit.EvenTexascommandscanyingtheAmyofNorthemVirginiabattleflagwerenot ]verse to tanpering with its design. There are four known surviving battle flags with an `~oversized star in the center.

5? CS4 TX

ORI)ER OF BATTIE: STATE TRcOPS

• Teas Rangers (indcpcndcnt camps called into service for short.periods; reorgan l874) (o l865 ®o`oNotunifornd;menprovidedownaTus,clothingandacco`iterTD€nt§.Eachmancarriedarifle,oneortworevolvers.anda o` side lmife as a tnirimum. • Ffunticr cav Regt orccord's; reorgan in cs serv as 46th cav Regt) 1862-1864 20 /662.. issued clothing weu nrade. consisting of overcoats. cav jackets, pants, woolen sceks, shirts, drawers (penitentiary fy esmburg), and I)ootees. Men provided their o`]/n mounts, ams and accoutements.

MILrHA

• lst Regt Galvcston vols (Sheldon.s; included Galveston Rifles, Galveston zouaves, Wig fall Guards, Sherman 1861 30 Guins, Indepcnden( rifles, Galvcston Guards. Geman Citizens Guards. Island City Rifles, I+one Star Rifles; disb) st Rcgt stole ricops (Yard's; laird from Galveston militia districts) 3 [nos,1863

(5D 12-MONTH TRcOPS/

(^bout6,000tpepswcfefcporoedasbeingarnedinDcc1863.butclothingindestitutecondition;believedtohaverceeived issues of CS clothing in 1864.) • lst Cav Rcgt (Joncs') State Troops 1863-1864 • lst cav Bn quolland.s) State Troops 1863-1864 • lst lDf Rcgt (Dewalt's) State Troops 1863-1864 AV bale flag. 1216

ORDER OF BAITu /com.mred/

• lst lnfm (Settle.s) State Troops 1863-1864 • 2nd Cav Rcgt (Srith's) State Troops 1863-1864 • 2nd Caw Bn (Cartcr`s)'Stute Troops 1863-1864 • 3Td Cav Rcgt (Richardson.s) State Troops 1863-1864 • 3rd Cav BD a(orili's) St&tc Troops 1863-1864 • 3rd Imf Rest rvedl`s) Stacc Troops 1863-1864 • 4th Cav Rcgt (Johnson's) State TToops 1863-1864 • 4th Cav Bn qait's) State Troops 1863-1864 • 4th lnf Rcgt (Saylcs.) State Troops 1863-1864 • 5th lnf Rcgt Oardcn's) St&tc Troops 1863-1864

6° MINUTE.MEN AND PROVOST GUARD COMPS ¢

(AnuDdctcminednunbcrofn]oumedcompswcfcforDedforfrodticrprctectionin1863-1864.CompsofProvostGuards,2 prtr disoict, tor ..cons&ml ditt}r." vere &u[tbchzied May 1864. MLon¢e-M¢t\ htmisl\ed tl\cir owil rmoriats. arms and cooou¢emenes ; Pto`rost Guard comps wcf€ amed by the state.)

pe RESERus 1

(Instnlcted21Januaf)r1865toltndezvous`.withaJIamsthcyimybeablctocolJecI."OfficersprohablyworeCSf€gdress, but othcrwisc, thcsc organs wcfc poorly clothed and equipped.) • lst Rcgr Vcterm Rescgrc Corps (Shaw's) • Banes. Rcg( • Bcan'sBn • Chambas. Inf Bn Rcscfirc Coq}s • Dewalt.s Bn • Dewitt's Bn • Kcnnard's Bn • Schdritdz. Bn • Sharma.s Bo • Wall.sBn

8o LacAL DEFENSE TROOps 8

• Ho`i§ton BD (IraaiJed Men) Texas lnf (Hyllcsted.s; formed from officers and men on duty at Houston) Crtee vce also numt" Of lcoal defcnsc comps fomed throughout the state.)

STATE TROOPS, 1870-1873

Stotc Gurd (Comprised 39 comp8, ]angcly Negroes; composed of arty. cav. and inf: armed with 4 pieces of rty. 520 Sprfugfield rif]e§, I,000 Rcmibgton rifles and I,500 carbines.)

Reserve Miliha (Enrolled militia; few camps, if any, wcTc unifomed or armed.)

Term Sue Police (Comprised&bout250mcn;apparentlyunifornedinsomefashioa;distinctivehadgebelievedtohavebeenashieldwith"State Police''iusidescoll&bovcfive-pointedstar,with`Texas"bclowi(,andanumber.presurmblynunberassignedtoeachimember.) 1217

ORDER OF BATTLE /contl.nwed/

• 20 hmlTARy scHcoljs

• Basfrop Military hstitute 1857-1861 Cadets wore dark blue unifoms with red stripes on pants; amed by the state. • Marshall University (Cass County) (?) Amed by the state. • Texas Monumental and Military Institute (Fayene County) 1856-1861 Gray dress uniforms; also blue broadcloth uniforms which included blue cloth caps with a fc&ther in front. Sumlner uhifo[mswcreofbrownlinenwithredsthpeontrousers.AI+oneStarflag,prescutedin1857,hodalargewhitestarinblue union, surrounded by 13 smll stars; and 13 red and white sthpes.

VOLUNTEER LEGIONS

• Waul's llegion 1862-1865

/3o Cav Bn (Willis'; 6 comps; detached 1862) Arty Bn (2 comps; detached 1864) Imf Bn (fcorgan 1862 as lst and 2nd Imf Bus; conso] 1864 (o fom Timrnrms. Imf Rcgt) • Whitfield's Legion (never actually organ as a legion): see 4th Cav Bn to VOLUNTEER CAVALRY AND MOUNTED RIFLES

• lst Regt Mounted Riflcrnen (Mccullceh's; reorgan as 8th rTayloT's] Cav Bn) 1861-1862 9 Not uniforTned; wore Iud flannel stripes on shoulders; armed with Colt revolvers 1861. T lst Regt (Buchc]'s; fomnd by consol of 3rd [Yagcr's] and 8th Cav Bns) /60 1863-1865 • lst Regt, Arizona Brig (Hardeman's; formed by expansion of lsl Bn, Arizona Brig) / ?o 1863-1865 • lst Bn (Crump's; merged into 32nd Cav Rest) /ae 1861-1862 • lst Bn, Arizona Brig: see lst Rcgt, Arizona Brig/fo • 2nd Regt Morn(ed Rifles (Fnd.s; Baylor's Bn reassigned to 2nd Regt, Arizom Brig 1861; 1861-1862 :cO rcorgan as 2nd (P)ron's] Cav Regt, a.v.) • 2nd Regt (Pyron's; formerly 2nd Regt Mounted Rifles; dismounted l862) 1862-1865 alo described in l863 as "dressed in every variety of costulne"; armed with Tevolvcrs. shotguns, carbines, rifles, and Bowie lmives; no sabers or bayonets. Rest had 8- to lo-piece band and an "¢nor]no`is flag." 'Z`. 2nd Regt. Arizona Brig (fornd from 2nd [Baylor's) Cav Bn. Arizona Brig and Mullen'S Cav Bn, Arizona Brig) 1863-1865 • 2nd Bn, Arizona Brig: see 2nd Regt, Arizom Brig 230 • 3rd Regt (South Kansas-Texas Reg(; dismounted l862; remoumed same year) j 1861-1865 ap /86/.. issued old pattern us carbine, Colt revolving rifle and revolver; single-banel pistol, won in holsters over saddle horn; [mny hnd shotgun, and hives with blades 18 to 24 incbcs long, carried in lcathcr scabbard attached lo saddle. Compflagstrorelettereddesignationsandmmessuchas`TexasHunters"and"bead-ShotRangcrs.'.Rcgiincndflagwas rectangular AI`rv pattern with "3rd Texas Cavly." and battle inscriprious. 1863-1865 2.5p3rdcRiqedAri#Zb:#:#thb:2exspj:::ionof3rd(Malison.s]CavBn,ArizonBrig) • 3rd Bn (Yager's; also called 3rd Bn Mounted Rifles; consol with 8th C®v BD to fom lst Cav Rcgt) zco 1862-1863 • 3rd Bn, Arizona Brig: see 3rd Reg(. Arizona Brig • 4th Regt (Reily's; lst Regt. Sibley's Brig) 1861-1865 470 hitially armed with "squinel" guns, single and double-barrel shctgLms. • 4th Regt, Arizona Brig (Baird's; also known as Showalter's) 1863-1865 JS° Comp D (EILis County Bengal Tigers) wore gray frock coats and pants. and hats; arnnd with Enfield rifles. • 4th Bn (lst Texas Legion; Whitfield's Legion; expanded to form 27th cav Regt)J qo 1861-1865 • 5th Regt (Green.s; 2nd Rest, Sibley's Brig) 1861-1865 2Cro J862.. Comp a and G had lances with red permons (8..X 17"). 1218

ORDER OF BATTLE /co#ti.nwed/

• 6th Rest (Stone's; dismounted l862; remounted salne year) 1861-1865

i,a IVov /86/.. received from I+adies' Aid Sceiety of I.ancaster a supply of coats+ jeans, flannel and linsey shirts, winter drawers, winter vests, boots, shces, and woolen mittens. /663.. armed with Enfield rifles. • 6th Bn (Gould's; 3rd cav Bn; dismounted l862) 32o 1862-1865 • 7th Regt (Steele's; 3rd Regt, Sibley's Brig)33° 1861-1865 • 7th Bn (behay's; merged into 26th cav Regt) 3t/a 1861-1862 • 8th Regt (Teny's Texas Rangers; ls( Rest Texas Rangers) 1861-1865 35® Wore jacket and flannel shirt with red trimming; red shirt, hat with Lone star. Armed with colt revolvers, shotguns which were largely replaced with ShaTps carbine, Mississippi and Enrield rifles (TefTy carried 4 Tram(er revolvers); and Bowie knife. Most all had Texas saddles with saddle holsters; equipments included bitted bridle and cabrl.s/a. First presentation flag (1861) was silk with blue field; large circular whi(e patch in center on which was a red cross, pointed at each end; within cross were 11 stars, each with red center; above cross was "God defend the Right," and beneath `Te[ry's Texas Rangers." Second flag was bunting with blue field and large whi(e s(ar in cen(er; over star in large yellow letters was `Teny's Texas Rangers." • 8th Bn (Taylor's): see lst Cav Regt • 9th Regt (Sims'; dismounted l862; remounted same year) 1861-1865 i?6° Regimental flag was rectangular with blue (?) field on which were scattered white stars; white crescent in upper comer. • loth Rest (Cceke's; consol with l4th cav Regt) 1861-1865 13'° Ams included double-ba[Tel shotguns and varied sabers and revolvers. • loth Bn (Martin's merged in(o 5th Regt par(isan Rangers)380 1862-1863 • llth Rest (Young's; 3rd cav Regt; dismounted l862; remounted same year) 37o 1861-1865 ca I lth Bn (cav and imf comps; formed from 6th Imf Bn; consol with Griffin's [nf Bn and reorgan as 2 lst Imf Regt) 1862-lp~` • 12th Regt (Parson.s) 1861-1` `/a Dec /86/ ,. regt pesented with a "Beauregard Battle Flag." 1863: largely armed with Enfield rifles "slung to their saddles,`'r' sabers, and a pair of holster pistols attached to the pommel of the saddle. • 12th Bn (Brown's; merged into 35th cav Regt)1Zo 1862-1863 • 13th Regt (Bunett's) u3o 1862-1865 • 13th Bn (Waller's) 1862-1865

At¢/a /862.. amred with altered muskets and captured Enfield rifles. Comp A armed with double-barrel shotguns. Sharps rifles, and revolvers. • 14th Regt (lst Regl Texas Mounted vols; dismounted l862; consol with loth cav Regt) ® SC> 1862-1865 • 14th Bn (Duff's; Inerged into 33rd cav Regt) 1f€f7 1862-1863 • 15th Rcgt (Swce('s; 2nd Regt. Johnson's Brig; dismounted l862; temporarilyconsol with 6th and loth lnfRegts) 1862-1865 4/70 Not uniformed in mid-1863.

• 16th Rest (Fitzhugh's; dismounted by 1863) 1862-1865 /6° Hats and overshirts of varied patterns were cormonJy won.

• 17th Rest (Mcore's; dismounted 1862; (emporarily consol with l8th Cav Regt 1864)1fflo 1862-1865 • 17th Consol Regt Dismounted (field organ in Trans-Mississippi Dept. of remnants of 15th, 17th. 18th, 24th. 1863 frL` 25th Cav Regts and 6th and loth Imf Regts)

• 17th & 18th Consol Regt Dismounted Cav (field ongan) 1864 €'° Carried Hardee pattern flag with four barde honors.

• 18th Rest (Darnell.s; dismoun(ed 1862; temporarily consol with 15th, 17th, 24th, and 25Ih Cav Regts 1862-1865 5fo and 6th and loth lnf Reg(s)

• 19th Regt (Burford.s) 1862~1865 53C' /862.. armed with rifles, shotguns, and revolvers.

• 20th Regt (Bass' Regt; dismounted 1862; reduced to a bn and designated as Johnson.s Bn) 5lfo 1862-(?) • 2lst Regt (Carter's; lst lmccrs) 5SO 1862-1865 • 22nd Regt (lst Indian-Texas Regt; Merrick's Regt) 1862-1865 ScO Described in 1863 as wearing "enormous spurs.''

• 23rd Rest (Gould's; dismoun(ed 1865) 1862-|86.c~ 1219

ORDER OF BATrLE (conil.nwed)

• 23rd Rcgr owin[es'; 2nd ljancer§; dismunted 1862"emporarily consol with l5th,17th,18th. 25th cav 1862-1865 s8o Regrs. and 6th and loth lnf Rests).

: 2as4:`¥::5{:S::¥::::;§dssi®ccrs, dsmounted i862, tempeun|y cousoH863 with l5"7"8th. '862-:::: ~C> and 24th cav Regts and 6th and loth Imf Regts) Not uniformed in mid-1863. J86j,. converted US muskets. 1862-1865

; :£i;§gig:i;:§;ii£:i;£yT,e:ij;)Leug:n, famed by elprion o"th cav Bn)folo :r:i::%; „ Udifoms issued but many conthued to wear the prefened homespun clothing. And with double-banel shotguns. 1862-1865 • 30th Rcgt (Gurley's) •STC' Issued sabers in l862. 1862-1865

: ;!£R:cc¥(#also:?i*i:£n¥,R;e¥2:::s6rind i86„~ from isHcrump.s] cav Bn)" :::2=:%§

G" -go Lone Ilescribed Star; saddlesin l863 aswere wearfug "nearly flannel like__. the shirts, Mexican.';- old_ -.,, trousers, amed jackwith 1 uscarbines__tL| with __-I__A large and Tcvolvers.spun; --A high -,,-.I black,,,- felt hats onanented with 1862-1865 • 34th Rcgt (Alendr's; fomerly 2nd Regt Pardsan Rangers) jgo:#AI;w;a:ysS££i,t#ib¥cggn::n:R¥£#:,7:a: Bus. drsmunrd ico5J7'o ;%=:r:i 7ZC'Ilescribedin1863asbcing"verypieturesquefcltows,tall,slimandraggcd.butquitcgcntlemanlikeinthcirmadLnee."

:#=:grdee§=#:;a:::gb#rocnatrverRg;fig::ge:;:+S;0:Of_T=11'S:avBn).73:__._^_.a__`!!§=!¥::- -n+\ +\:+,b, \;-\,`C ,... I ---.- `_ -----, _ _ 1.##::Sa:e:(f4#ca?yRg°#o¥::CavBnandF-ulnd'ScavBn;bounlaterasBckl.scavRca)i8ari865 • Baird.s Fmtier Rcgt (or cominand; also hewn as Expeditionny Forces) 7cO 1864 ® Bayior's Rcgr: see 2nd cav Res(, Ariz0m Brig i864-|865 • Bouvides` Rcgt (composed largely of Mexicans)77to • Boflter.s Regr (or Bn): see Anderson's Cav Regt 1863-1865 • Bouland.s Regt ®ndcr Rcg(; forTnerly Bourland's Bn) ?8o : ;==;.;;`:a(.tc`=in-'c-o°rid-rised from state Troops (i863-i864]; consoi with other organs i864-1865 eec) to form Brrdfnd's Regt; later called Mann`s Reg() • Bmdford's Regt: see Bradford.s Cav Bn • Bus. Bn: see 35th Cav Regt • Chisun's Regt: see 2nd Rest Par(isan Rangers • C(qup's Rcgl: see lst Regt Partisan Rangers •Futcnd.sBn(CadetCaps;compesedofmenbelowconscriptionagc;4conpsfggnedtoBorder'sCavBn)1863-1864 1862 • Gano's Bfl (Inerged into 7th Kentucky Cav Regt) 8JO 1864-1865 • Gidding.sBn s?tJ : ;L=s.8°nv("i;;ed with we»'s cav Bo (o form well's cav R€gt) 8`€® 1864 • IIardcrm.s Regt: see lst Cav Rest, Arizona Brig • Honey.s Bn of Cadets (Inen under 18 yrs; consol and assigned to Bradford's Cav Bn) 8 JO • Madison's Rcgt (or Bn): see 3rd Cav Rest, Arizom Brig • Man.s Regt: scc Bradford's Cav Bn • Mar(in's Regt: see 5th Regt Partisan Rangers • Morgan's Regt (fornd by expansion of Morgan.s Cav Bn, bu( never formally organ) ®S° • Mullen.s Bn: see 2nd Cav Regt. Arizom Brig 1220

ORDER OF BATILE /contl.#wed/

• Ragsdele'S Bn (also ho`rm as Daly's Cav Bn, and as lst Bn, f`C' Arizona Brig; fnerged into lst Regt, Arizona Brig) 1862-1863 • Saufley'§ Bn (also called saufley.s Counting Bn; probably fncrged into lst Regt partisan Rangers) G 70 1861 • Scanland's squadron (consol with Gilletl's squadron to fom well.s cav Bn) 86° 1863 • Tclrell.s Regt (also called 34th Cav Rest and 37th Cav Regt; fomed by expansion of Tenell's Cav Bn) gq01863-1865 • Wells. Rcgt (formed by consol of Wells.. Good.s, and Gillett's Cav Bns; also hewn as 34th Cav Regt) /oc>1864-1865 • Wcus. Bn (fined by consol of scanland's squadron and Gillett's squadron; increased to regt) C7 I c> 1863-1864 • Whitfield's Bn: see 4th Cav Bn

Plo PARTISAN RANGERS

• lst Regt (W.P. Irme Rangers; later kno`un as cr`ilnp.s cav Regt) 1862-1865 c\+`Pescribedin1862asdressed"inallsor(sandvarietiesofuniforms,ornoneatall..'Photosindicategrayjacketsandblack hats were won; photo Of Capt. S. J. RIchardson shows him in leopard shin trousers, pleated shirt and broad-brimmed blaclhat;andamedwithpairofrevolvcrsinleopardskincoveredholsters;Bowielmife,andcalbine.Regtarmedinitially with rifles and lo-gauge shotguns; rearmed later with Enfield rifles. • 2nd Rcgt (Stone.s; later lmo`rm as chisum.s Regt; dismounted l865) 1862-1865 • 5th Rcgt (Martin`s; fomed by consol of 9th and loth Cav Bns; later called Martin`s Regt; dismounted 1865)1863-1865 • 9th BD (Randolph's; merged with loth cav Bn (o form 5th Regt partisan Rangers) 1863

VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY

• lst Rest Heavy Arty (Cook's; fomed by expansion of lst Bn Heavy Arty) 1862-1865- /862.. Comp F (Davis Guards) amed with percussion muskets with bayonets; carthdge boxes imperfect, and clothing c\90 much won. /863.. Comp H issued jackets, pants, caps and has; G013 Sept authorized Comp F to embroider on caps "Sabinc" enclosed with a wreath; later awarded shaven Silver dollars, suspended from a green ribbon, and engraved ``D

G". aird "Banle of Sabine Pass, September 8, 1863." • lst Bn Heavy Arty (also called 3rd Bn; reorgan as lst Regt Heavy Arty) C?+O 1861-1862 • 4th Bn (Shea's; 2 camps; assigned to 8th Imf Regt) asc> 1861-1863 • bege's Bn (fomerly wilu[e's; temporary field organ; 4 comps) a GO 1863-1865 • Light Arty cofps (Bankhead.s; temporary organ of independent comps in Texas) q 1 o 1864

'?8°(Theewere33indcpendcntcompsoflightandhcavyarty;andCaptainJohnS.Greer'sRacketBtry,foJTnedin1864(otest

rockets and disb in July 1864.

Cm-beuglas Btry was the only Texas btry to serve east of tlie Mississippi River; assigned in 1863 to Courtney's bn of arty, Any of Term.

VOLUNTEER INFANTRY

• lst Rcgt ovigffll.s; Mclcod's) 1861-1865 Wcu clothed during winter 1861-1862. apparendy in gray frock coats and pants, with blue trim; gray caps with metal cflo letters and device on cro`m; amed with EnfLeld rifles; clothing in bad condition by Sept 1862; reequipped July 1863; bed condition again by mid-1864. Believed (o have rLrst used I+one Star flag; ca[Tied At`rv bardc flag 1861-1865. • lst Bn (Speiglit's; expanded and reorgan as l5th Imf Reg() I- 1861-1862 • let Bn shaTpshooters' (Burnet's) 1862-1865 /a /a Pordon reported as unamed Jar 1864. 1221

ORDER OF BATTLE /coniinued/

• 2nd Regt (Moorc's; also called 2nd Texas Sharpshcot¢rs) 1861-1865 lo.a Issued undyed woolen clothing in early 1862. • 3rd Regt (Luckett`s) 1861-1865 icoo Described in 1863 as well clothed but with comps in diffcreDt colors of blue and gray, and with "Ffcnch kepis, wide-awckcs. and Mexican hats." • 3rd Bn (Kirby.s) io4o 6 rm, 1861-1862 • 4th Regt urood's) 1861-1865 /oso Camps disthctively dressed at first; Comp E (I+one Star Guards) her disthctive button with .`L.S.G."; clothing largely won out on trip to Virginia; well clothed during winter of 1861-1862; armed with Enfield rifles. Reginental chaplain ( L86l) had Richmond-tailoTed single-breas(ed black frock coat and pants; remcmbeTed as carrying Bible, brass-bound pistol,andbouleofbrandy.RcgimcntalbandunderDanCollinsfomedlatc1861;beeanebrigband.RcgrhadsiucI.one Star flag in winter 1861-1862; carried ANY battle flag 1862-1865. • 4th Bo (German Bn) IOGo 6 iros,186l-1865 • 5th Regt (Archer.s). 1861-1865 /ol a Well clothed dung winter 1861-1862; arnrd with Enfield rifles. Carried Lone Star flag 1861-1862; ANV battle flag afterwards. 5th Bn (Hubbard's; merged into 22nd Imf Rcgt) /OFO ,a qo 1861-1862 6th Regt (Garland.s; temporarily consol with mh Imf Rcgt and 15th.17th,18th, 24th and 25th Cav Rcgts 1863)1861-1865 6th Bn a.ikeus'; reorgan as I lth Cav and Imf Bn; consol with GriffLn's Imf Bn to fom 2l§t Imf Rcgt) .'00 1861-1862 7th Regt (Gregg's) i ` . a 1861-1865 8th Regt quobby's; fomed by expansion of 8th Imf Bn) . I t~6 1863-1865 8th Bn: see 8d) Inf Regt -` 9th Regt Oraxey's) `i3 a 1861-1865 • 9th Regt (Nichols'; also called 5th Imf Rest) n |C> 6 fnes. 1861-1862 • loth Regt (Nelson's; tcmperarily consol 1863 with 6lh Imf Rcgt and 15th,17th,lath, 24th and 25th Cav Rcgts; 1861-1865 I ls° consol broken up 1864) • llth Regt (Robert's) II {co 1862-1865 • llthBn: see6thlnfBn • 12th Rcgt (Young's; also called the 8th Rest) 1861-1865 1 I 10 /an /864.. awarded an "elegant" banner as winner of matchrdrill with I lth Tclas Imf Rcgt. • 13th Regt (Bates'; Brazoria Coast Rest; reduced to bn 1862; fcorgan as rcgt 1863) 1' 80 1861-1865 • 14th Rcgt (Clark's) |`c,o 1861-1865 • 15th Rcgt (Speight's; formed by expansion of lst Imf Bn) i 2.o® 1862-1865 • 16th R€gt (Floumoy's; also kno`rm as 7th Imf Regt) 1862-1865 1 io Apn./ /862.. flag presented to regt; some afTned with "flint-Lcek guns, with a buckskin poueh, resembling the backwoods hunter." /863.. many clad in wcol, and straw hats, honcspun pants, and faded penitcndary jackets. • 17th Regt (A)len.s)ie,.a 1862-1865 • 18th Regt (Orhi[tree's) i 230 Apparently never uniformed. • 19th Reg( (WateThouse's) IZ4o 1862-1865 • 20th Regt (Elmore's) / 2So 1862-1865 • 2lst Regt (Spalgh('s; formed from llth and Griffin's Imf Bns) 1864-1865 • 22nd Regt (Hubbard's; formed from 5th Imf Bn) 1862-1865 12to Not unifolmed in mid-1863. • Bates' Bn (increased and reorgan as 13th lnf Rcg() i3Ta5 1862-1863 • Griffm's Bn (merged in(o 2lst Imf Regt); €.tie 1862-1864 • Tilrmions' Regt (formed by cousol of lst and 2nd Imf Bus, W&ul's Legion) 1864-1865 2qc` 1222

Union Texas

Most Union sympathizers in Texas were found in the northern counties, and in the region about and southwestward of Austin. The inhabitants of these parts were for the most part Germans, Mexicans, and migrants from northern states, who owned few slaves and had little interest in the Southern cause. Resistance among the Unionists took two forms: active and opensupportoftheUnion,oranoutwardloyaltytotheSouththatcoveredsubversiveactivity. The latter fom was illustrated by the objectives of the "Conspiracy of the Peace Party," organized in the northern counties in 1862. Its chief motives were to resist the draft and maintain a spy system. When drafts on the militia were made, members were instructed to enlist and desert to the Federal forces during battle. Unionists also sought to keep out of the Confederate forces by enlisting in organizations formedfortheprotectionofthefrontier,forhomedefense,orforotherpurposeswhichdidnot require service beyond the boundaries of the state. Those who elected or were able to follow a more positive course in supporting the Union secretly formed themselves into hilitary companies within Confederate-held territory , orjoined commands that were formed within the areas held by the Federals and were regularly mustered into service. ThreecompanieswerefomedinGillespieCountyinJune1861,butdisbandedontheirown accord about June 1862, following a brief occupation of Fredericksburg by partisan rangers sent in to capture the ringleaders and break up the companies. A company of 73 men, armr with shotguns and rifles, was reported to have been formed among the Germans of SaLir~ Antonio in 1862. The lst Regiment Texas (U.S.) Cavalry was organized in New Orleans in 1862 from among Unionists refugees there, and saw subsequent service in Louisiana and Texas. The 2nd Regiment Texas (U.S.) Cavalry was fomed at Brownsville in 1863, and was composed of Mexicans, Irish, and Gemans. It failed to reach the required strength and was mergedintothelstcavalryRegiment.InMarchl865,the2ndBattalionTexas(U.S.)Cavalry was organized at Brazos Santiago and, at Palmetto Ranch, three months later, clashed with Confederate Texans under Colonel John R. Ford. The Hamilton Body Guard was a cavalry company furnished to Andrew Jackson Hamilton, fomer Attorney General of Texas and legislator, who in 1863 was appointed Military Governor of Texas. On 26 October 1863, Captain Adrian I. Vidal's mounted company of Mexicans, which had previously perfomed good service for the Confederates, mutined and went over to the Union side at Brownsville on 10 November 1863. No Negro regiments were raised in the state.

ORDER 0F BAllLE: VOLUNTEER CAVALRY (UNION) • lst Regt (I)avis') 1862-1865 /862.. amed with Ausdian rifles and smoothbore US musketcons, cat .69. /86J-/864.. carried Bumside and Shaps oc?ri, carbines. Remington and Colt army revolvers, M1840 and M1860 sabers. Described in Dec 1863 as being in need of clothing and lacking cav equipments and ams. • 2nd Rest (Haynes.; merged in!o lsl Cav Regt) 1863-1864 40 /86j.. amed with Bumside and Shaps carbines, Remington any rcvolvcr, M1840 saber. • 2nd Bn (not mounted in May) 30 186 • Hamilton's Body Guard (merged into ls( Cav Reg() J a 1863-186>- • IDdependent Comp Partisan Rangers (Vidal's; forinerly in Confederate scrv) SO 1863-1864 Page 1 of 3 AVJto

Source via google: Personnel of the Civil War, vol 1 : the Confederate Armies. New York: Thomas Yoseloff,1961 amended by Ken Jones ln conformity with Civil War practice, a regiment's colonel's name has been used for the units nickname where no other nickname was found. Where a Company letter is missing or ?-the company may have existed, but no record has been found to date. A slash in the company nickname indicates the company was made of at least 2 previously independent units.

INFAINTRY CAVALRY Artillery I-Ragged Old First 8- Texas RangersITelTy's Texas Rangers 26- DeBay's Regt. A- Marion Curds 8- Livingston Guards C- Palmer Guards D- Star Rifles E- Corsicana Invincibles/ Marshall Guards F- Woodsville Rifles G- Anderson County Guards/ Reagan Guards H- Texas Guards I- Crockett Southems K- Daniel Boone Rifles/ Texas Invincibles L- Lone Star Rifles

2- Galveston Infantry/ Van Don Regiment A- Sam Jacinto Guards 8- Confederate Guards C- Bayland Guards D- Confederate Grays E-? F- Mounted Riflemen G- Burleson Guards H- Lexington Grays I- Gonzalez Invincibles/ Wilson Rifles ?- Odleus Company

3-Luckett's (Philip N.) Regiment A- Gillespie RIfles 8-? C- Lone Star Defenders

4- Hood's (John Bell) Regiment A-Hardeman RIfles 8- Tom Green Rifles/ Austin City Light Infantry C- Robertson County Five Shooters D- Guadalupe Rangers/ Knights of Guadalupe County E- Lone Star Guards F- Mustang Grays

http://www.bitsofl)lueandgray.com/texas.htm 9/1/2006 Texas Page 2 of 3

G- Grimes County Grays H- Porter's Guards I- Navano Rifles K- Henderson Guards/ Sandy Point Mounted Rifles

5- Archer's ( James J.) Regiment A- Bayou City Guards B-Colorado County C- Leon Hunters D- Waverly Confederates E- Dixie Rifles F- Company Invincibles G- Milan County Grays H- Texas Polk RIfles I- Texas Aids K- Polk County Flying Artillery

6- Garland's (Robert R) Reginent A- Lavaca Guards 8- Lone Star Rifles C-? D- Matagorda Coast Guards G- Travis Rifles K-Alamo Guards

7- Gregg's (John) Regiment A- Waco Gunds 8- Johnson Guards

8- Hobby's (Alfred M) Regiment A- Van Don Guards 8- Ruess Battery ?- Indianola Artillery Guards

9- Maxey's (Samuel Bell) Regiment A- German Citizen Guards 8- Galveston Guards/ German Citizen Guards C- German Citizen Guards F- Cypress Rifles ?- Sherman Guards ?- Island City Rifles ?- Wig fall Guards ?- Galveston Rifles ?- Galveston Zouaves ?- Independent RIfles ?- Minute Co Cavalry

10-Nelson's (Allison) Reginent A- Grines Boys C- Alvarado Rifles D- Wilson's Gunds G- Labadie Rifles H- Coryell Yankee Hunters

11-Robert's (Oran M) Regiment A- Engledow's Texas Rebels D- Titus Hunters

http://www.bitsofl)lueandgray.com/texas.htm 9/1/2006 Texas Page 3 of 3

12-Young's (Overton) Regiment

13- Bates (Joseph) Regiment A- Austin Grays 8- Austin Grays/ Perkins' I st Co D- Moseley's Battery G- Brazoria Rangers H- Field Battery

14-Clark's (Edward) Regiment

ls-Speight's (Joseph W) Regiment E- Navarro Countians G- Fouty's Company

16-Floumoy's (George) Regiment

17-Allen's (Robert T.P.) Regiment

18-Ochiltree's (William 8.) Regiment

19-Waterhouse's (Richard) Regiment

20-Elmore's (Henry M.) Regiment

21-Spaight's (Ashley W.) Reginent

22- Hubbard's (RIchard 8.) Regiment

http://www.bitsofblueandgray.com/texas.htm 9/1/2006 - -ii- Utahl=FFitory 1227

this remote region where there was a general scarcity of clothing. Officers apparently were unifomed in some fashion, but with the exception of a few Volunteer organizations, enlisted menworeordinarycivilianclothing.GeneralDanielH.Wells,whoassumedcommandofthe Legion in the early 1850's, has been described as wearing a cocked hat with plume, gold epaulets,andpantswithstripesdowntheouterseams.TheindependentmountedBattalionof Life Guards in 1852 was authorized to select its own uniform. One troop, evidently of this battalion, is known for a time to have won a dark blue blouse and pants with a trimmed cap. Another uniforlned company has been described as wearing gray blouses and white pants. These may have been among the several unifomed Volunteer companies seen during May 1857 in Salt Lalke City. Most of the Legion seems to have been poorly clad for the winter campaign of 1857. In November, recruits were seen leaving Salt Lake City with straw hats and poor shces. A captured teamster that winter described Mormon soldiers in Echo Canyon as being a ragged collection of men, wearing old bed quilts and blankets as overcoats. The shortage of clothing became even more serious in 1858, but there was little that could be done to remedy the situation. In contrast, as Johnston's expedition neared Salt I.ake, the soldiers saw "a squadron of Momon cavalry ..., magnificently mounted and with silver-ornamented saddles and bridles . . . stem-looking, bearded figures, iminovable in their saddles, so disguished by dust that the dearest friend could not recognize them." It is probable that these were the Life Guards. When Camp Floyd was evacuated in 1861, a considerable quantity of U.S . Any clothing was sold. Thomas Stenhouse noted in Rocky Mozf»faz.n Saz.»rs that:

Foryearsafter,the"regulationbluepants"weremorefiniliartotheeye,intheMomonsettlelnents,than the Valley Tan Quaker gray, and there was scarcely an officer in the Mormon militia who was not proud to sport Uncle Sam.s blue overcoat, ornamented with the fur that the Territory produced.

The territorial seal of Utah, adopted in 1850, showed a beehive on a stand surrounded by flowers, on which the date appeared: "SEPT 9th/MDCCCL." There is no record of any insignia or buttons bearing this device, or a portion of it, that can be assigned to the period 1851-1872. The territorial seal was altered in 1872 by changing the Roman figures to Arabic.

Small Arms and, Accouterments

Although members were required by law to "keep and preserve in good order, one good rifle, musket, or Yauger gun, with necessary equipments," the Legion was ill-equipped for active service in 1857 . No ams had ever been received from the general government. In July of that year, muster rolls of 19 companies, numbering 807 officers and men, listed only 198 muskets and 242 rifles. The Adjutant General reported that there were 6,loo militiamen in all hilitay districts with perhaps another I,000 efficient men available, for whom there were 2,364 rifles, 1,159 muskets, 99 pistols, and 295 revolvers. One third of the Legion, in other words, was unarmed and badly equipped. It was evident from the beginning that some arms would have to be produced in the 1228

Territory. In March 1857, three months before the threat of invasion, the manufacture of revolvers had been started in Salt Lake City; and within two months a serviceable product was being t`rmed out. A correspondent of the Ivew yowl Hcrz7/d, visiting the Salt Lake City Amory in May 1857, found that the "Momons were busy in the manufacture of revolvers at the rate of twenty per week. The Mormons were quite pleased with the manufacture of this article, and considered it equal at least, to Colts." A small ams plant was also in operation at Provo, 40 miles south of Salt Lake City. To meet the emergency in 1857 , the legislature assumed control of gunshithing facilities for the repair and manufacture of ams. The real need was for rifles and, in desperation, the Adjutant General even suggested that the militia be armed with the cross bow. There were two other sources from which the Mormons sometimes were able to procure ams. Weapons were brought in by new settlers, and others were obtained from emigrants traveling through the Territory who could sometimes be forced to trade precious ams for provisions. Any hope that the Legion might find a new stock of small arms from the sales at Camp Floyd in 1861, ended when the evacuating U.S. Army troops destroyed all ordnance that could not be removed.

Colors and Flags

A unique feature of the military establishment of the Territory of Utah was the creation of a ColorDepartmentin1852,andthesubsequentprovisionfortwo"ColorBearerGenerals,"one of which held the rank of major of cavalry and the other, captain of cavalry. Despite this, we have no idea what the colors were. Brigham Young wrote in 1866: "We have no territorial flag. Our flag is the flag of the nation+the Stars and Stripes." Such, so far as we know, was the flag of the Nauvco Legion. I---S4`. usciT

quORDEROFBAmLE

NAUVcO LEGION, 1849-1852

• lst cohort (Grant's) lst Mounted Rcgt a=ullmcr's) C70 /a lsl Bn (3 comp§; Life Guards comp expanded l852, and created as an independent bn) 2nd Bn (3 camps; included Pionccr & Exploring Comp) • 2nd cchoft (Eldredge's)IstRcgt(Scott's)C>020istBn(3camps; Silver Grays and 2 arty comps)

2nd Bn (2 comps; ineluded Juvenile Rifles) Iron Bn (Iron County; inf. cav, and arty camps) 1229

ORDER OF BATTLE /con/I.n«ed)

NAUVOO LEGION, 1853-1870

• lst Div (Grant's, Buton.s) RIch's Regt (Richland Disthct) 3° Bullcek's Bn (Green RIver Dishict) Epperson's Bn (Wasatch District) Gillespie's Bn ITcole Disthct) RowberTy.s Bn Ocole Disthct) • 2nd Div (Johnson's)

to Callister's Regr oauvan Disthc() Smith's Regt (Piute D `rict) Foote's Bn (Junb County District) (Expandedto2brigsand12fnilitarydisqictsby1868,embracing10regtsorbnsofcavandoversOregtsorbnsofinf.) • Life Guards Independent Mounted Bn (Great Salt lake County) S° One comp is believed to have won dark blue blouse and pants with thmmed cap.

VOLUREERS

• Shith.s Comp Mounted Vols (Capl. Lot Smith; mustered out) 90 days. 1862 •c? Amed and equipped by the territory.

SOURCES

Dale L. Morgan, "The State of Deseret," in U/ah Hi.sforl.ca/ Ourrrcr/y, Vm (1940), 65-251. Hubert H. Bancroft, Hf.sfory a/ U/aA, Sam Francisco, Cal., 1890. Norman F. Fumiss, The Mormon Con;I.cf, /850L/859, New Haven, Conn..1960. Richard D. Poll and Ralph W. Hansen, " .Buchanan.s Blunder.-The Utah War, 1857-1858." in „I.JI.lary A#al.rs, XXV (1961),121-131. Ray C. Cotton, The Ci.vi./ War I.n lAc Wcsfcr7i 7crrf./orl.cs, Norman, Okla., 1959. Thomas Stenhouse. Jiocky Moun/air Sol.nrs, New York. 1873.

GratefulacknowledgementismadeheretothelateMr.RoberlW.Inscore,formerChiefoftheMilitaryRecords Section, Utah State Archives for the useful infomation supplied on the Nauvco I.egion. Vermont 1230

Fig. 378. Private william w. Heath, Company H. 4th vermont volun(eerlnfantry,1861. Photograph courtesy of Marius 8. Peladeau. 1241

Colors and Flags

An official Vermont state flag was adopted by the legislature in September 1866. It had thirteenaltematingredandwhitestripes,likethenationalflag,andablueunioncontaininga whitestaronwhichwasplacedthecentralportionofthecoatofarmswithinacircle.This flag mayweuhavebeenflownatthetine,butthereisnoindicationofitshavingbeencarriedasa nhitaycolorintheyearsupto1873.Thereare,in fact,noregulationswhatevergoveming Vemont rilitary flags in our period, and no indications of the appearance of those Active Mnitia flags which probably were carried before 1861. D`ingtheCivilWarthevolunteerregimentscarriedbothnationalandregimentalcolors. Formately,therewasahighsurvivalrateamongVemontflags(nonewaseverlostonthe openbattlefield)andtoday70flags,guidonsandcolorsarewellpreservedintherotundaofthe Vemont State Capitol. Of special interest to scholars is the VI Corps Headquarters Flag of GeneralJohnSedgwick,theFirstVermontBrigade'sguidon,theflagofoneOftheVermont companiesofthelstU.S.Sharpshooters,andthenationalandregimentalcolorsofthethree light artillery batteries. Thereginentalcolorsandstandardsofwhichwehaverecordwerepresentationflagsandall bore the Vemont coat of arms in one way or another. Most of these had fields of blue silk, •`\oughtherewereseveralcasesofwhiteregimentalcolorsbeingpresentedearlyinthewar.

5E> USVT

ORDER oF B^ITus: ACTlvE hmrnA

(No regimental organ prior to 1859) 1859-1862 • lst Reg( quQ at Northfield) (Included New England Guards. Union Guards, Allen Greys) Comps distinchvely dressed. 1859-1862 • 2nd Regt urQ at Bellows Fat)s) 20 (bcluded GTeen Mountain Guard) Camps disthctively dressed. 1859-1862 • 3rd Regt urQ at coventry) 3o aneluded Fronder Gunds. Frontier cadets) Comps disdetively dressed. 1859-1862 • 4th'-.-'®' Regt \..-__ (HQ _..at St. _ ___ Albans) , aye(beLudedRansomGunrds.SwantonGunrds.HowardGunrds.GreenMountainRifleRangers,GaenMountainGuards) Camps disthctively dresed.

(10 coDps drawn from the above 4 fcgts to fom:)

Fed scrv: 3 mos, 1861 •_ lst --` Rcgt ---e` Vol _ -- Imf __ (GrceD` _ Mountain Boys) 5o:vS=edouTVl:yth¥a:.ak:nanwtso:sd:°grao:ehecipce¥pT£:'nac:°:#w:tecohamv¥]::;bb,`=e¥vkan?iatin¥[o¥#cgs¥ bluefrockcoat.pantsandforagecap;colonclworeblackfclthatandblacko§hichplume.M1855riflemusket.Cined white sin[ reginental color with state ams and .`mintary §ur"rfugs. flags. flowers. etc.''; also silk national color. _,,(10compsdraunfromtheabove4Tegts-followhgwhichtheywerebrokenuptofom:) 1242

ORDER OF BATTLE /com.nwed)

• i2thRcgrvo]hf Fed scrv: 9 mos, 1862-1863 •o Issued M186l rifle musket; Us leg infclothing.

-a lst Brig (Northwest Vermont)

• lstBn cav (disb) 1865-1868 • ist Btry Light Arty 1865 on ® ls'Re8'Inf 1865 oh • 2nd Rest Imf (consol with lsl Regt) 1865-1868 • 3Td Rcgt lnf (consol with lst Regt) 1865-1868 • 4th Rcg( Imf (consol with lst Regt) 1865-1868

ap 2nd Brig (Northeasi Vemonl)

• 2nd Bn cav (disb) 1865-1868 • 2nd Btry Light Arty (consol with lst Btry) 1865-1868 • 5th Rest Imf (whsig) 1865-1868 2nd Regi hf 1868 on • 6th Rcgt lnf (consol with 5th Regt) 1865-1868 • 7tb Rcg( Imf (consol with 5th Regt) 1865-1868 • 8th Regt Imf (consol with 5th Regt) 1865-1868

Ct® 3rd Brig (Soulh Vermonl)

• 3rd Bn cav (disb) 1865-1868 • 3rd Btry Light Arty (consol with ist Btry) 1865-1868 • 9th Rest lnf (redesig) 1865-1868 3rd Rcgt lnf 1868 on • loth Rcgt lnf (consol with 9th Rcgt) 1865-1868 • llth Rcgr lnf (consol with 9th Regt) 1865-1868 • 12th Regt lnf (consol with 9th Regt) 1865-1868

vOLur`ITEER cAVALRy

• lst Rcgt 1861-1865 USrcgcavclothingwithforagecapandhat.Somecompsinitiallyworebluejacketwithlowcollarandnoyellowbraidor /oo simple lcop§ on cuffs. First overcoat mde of bro`m cloth. First issued some Starr double-action almy revolvers; in /862 armed with Sharps carbine; Colt and Remington army revolvers; M1840 and M1860 sabers. Preseuted standards by citizeusofBulington;bluesilkembroideredwithstateams,andnationalstandard,plusredandwhiteguidons./865..as part of Custer.s 3rd mv, Cav Corps. Any of the Potomac, wore red kerchief. (Cbmps F and M, Frontier Cav: see 26th New York Vol Cav Regt)

VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY '0 (All arty commands wore US rcg heavy or light arty clothing.) • lst Heavy Arty Regt: see I ltd Imf Rcgt

• lstcompHcavy Arty 1865 • isi Btry Light Arty 1862-1864 • 2nd Btry Light Arty 1861-1865 • Sid Btry Light Arty 1864-1865

ii-Ea 1243

ORDER OF BATTLE /cowfinued/

VOLUNTEER INFANTRY

• lst Rcgt: see ACITVE MnrrIA • 2ndReg' 1861-1865 a hitially issued frcok coat, pants and forge cap ofhowhsh gray "dceskin'' material, piped with nght blue cord. fach un woresprigofhendcekincap.M1842musketexcquCompA,whichcariedMl855riflemusket.JVovJ86J..USreginf fatiguedress;subsequeutlyfuuunifom./862-/864..Springfieldrifledmuskets./86/..blueregimentalcolorcontaining al.ns of Vemont and US shield combined on both sides. 1861-1865 ® 3rdReg' •3o Initially issued same gray uniform as 2nd lnf Rcgt; Enfield rifle musket. ~ov /86J.. Us res inffatigue doss; Subsequently fu»unifom./862-/864..Springfleldrifledmuskets./86/..whitesilkregimentalcolorwithamsofVermontononeside and arms Of city Of Hartford. Com. , on the other. by Sons of Vermont of Hartford. 1861-1865 ® 4thRe8t

/ro Initially issued us reg inffatigue doss with doss hat and forage cap; subsequentry full uniform. /86/-J862.. Band wore dark blue frock coat, pants and forage cap; number "4.' (light blue ?) seen on left breast; drums painted with head of George Washington. /86/-/864.. Enfi€ld rifled muske(.

/5°(All rests hereafter were issued US reg imf clothing.) 1861-1865 ® 5thRe8t hitially issued M1855 rifle muskets (carried by lst lnf Regt) and 250 Enfield rifles. /862-J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1861-1865 ---- 6th Reg' /86/-/863.. Enfield rifles. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. 1862-1866 • 7thRegt /86-/-J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. Had colors removed for poor behavior at Baton Rouge. Aug-Nov 1862; later refused to accept new colors as replacement. • 8thRegt 1862-1865 /862-/86¢.. Enfield rifles; Springfiield rifled muskets. 1864. Had a regimental band. • 9thReg' 1862-1865 Initiallyissued"Belgianrifles.''Ju/y/862..Springfieldrifledmuskels(RegtcapturedSept1862;exchangedJan1863.) /an /863.. Enfield rifle. /863-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 10thRe8t 1862-1865 Initially issued "Belgian musket,'. replaced by M 1842 musket. /863-J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • llth Regt (converted) 1862 1862-1865 ls( Heavy Arty Regt InitiallyissuedM1842musketandAustrianrifledmusket,cat.58.Scpi/86J-/864..Springrieldrifledmuskets.Ocf/863; US res heavy arty clothing and insignia; arty colors issued. • 12th Regt: see ACTIVE MILITIA • 13th Regt (Militia) 9 mos, 1862-1863 Springfield rifled muskets. • 14th Rest (Militia) 9 mos. 1862-1863 Initially issued ..old French and Belgian muskets." IVov /662.. Austrian rifled muske(, cat .54 or .55. • 15th Regt (Militia) 9 mos. 1862-1863 Initially issued "old French and Belgian muskets." IVov /862.. Austrian rifled musket. cat .54 or .55. • 16th Rest (Militia) 9 mos. 1862-1863 Initially issued "old French and Belgian muskets." IVov /862.. Austrian rifled musket. cal .54 or .55. 1864-1865 ® 17thRe8t Springfield rifled muskets. 1244

_-,

SOURCES

Adjutant & Inspector General, Vermont, Jicports, 1862-1872. These were. as a rule. annual reports ending in October or November. . An Acl Relating lo the Militia Of lhe slate Of Vermont, Pact u ,..., Moutpe\ie[, Vt.. 1844. Regulations for Raising and Organizing Three Regiments Of Active Militia, M!ourtydiRT, V`.. \868. ^dfu&an:` General. U .S . , Official Army Register Of the Volunteer Force ..., Was:hinglon, D.C. , 186S , pact 1. "Military Affiirs in Vermont," in 7lhc Uni.o» Amy, Madison, Wis., 1908,I, 93-130.

G. G. Benedict, Vcr7non/ I.n who Ci.vi./ War ..., 2 vols, Burlington, Vt., 1886. G. H. Houghton, photographer, "Views and Scenes Comected with Vermont Troops . . . " Album of photographs in Vermont Historical Society. MS Docirment File, Quar(ermaster General of Vermont, 1858-1866, in Vermont Public Records Division.

We ae greatly indebted to the late Dr. Richard G. Wood, former Director, Vermont Historical Sceiety, and the members of its staff; to the Office of the Adjutant General of Vermont; to the late Olney W. Hill, fomer Public Records Director of the state; and to many others in Vermont for their gracious assistance. Wendell W. Irmg, Jr. and Marius 8. Pe]adeau have also given us much help on this chapter. _------_ VErgEnEa \ 1269

c`_'

Ruskell made a flag which was presented by the ladies of Jefferson County to the 2nd Regiment of Virginia Volunteers. It was carried at First Manassas but was returned to Charlestown soon af(erwards; it is now preserved at the Virginia Military Institute. In common with those of other states, Virginia regiments also carded into action the 1861 Confederate national flag. The regiment's designation was usually placed on the horizontal white bar. The national or state flag was carried by Virginia troops on the Peninsula during the spring of 1862, and probably well into that summer, since the battle flag was relatively unknown there until the arrival of General Johns(on's any in April. The national flag of 1863 was carried by at least one regiment, the 8th Virginia Cavalry. On this flag, the regimental designation was embroidered in white on the white field. This unusual standard is preserved in The Museum of the Confederacy in Richmond. The principal collection of Virginia regimental colors is displayed in Battle Abbey in Richmond. Most of them are Any of Northern Virginia battle flags. All were made of bunting , and their sizes generally conform to those prescribed (page OcO). But sometimes their original dimensions have been distorted, either from use or from post-war restora(ion. Most regimental designations were placed in the center of the St. Andrews cross, with the number above the star, and "VA." beneath it, but a good many have designations placed on the red background in various fashions. The bulk of the flags in the Battle Abbey were lost in battle or surendered, and returned by the U.S. War Departmen( in 1905.

Sc cs^ V .e,c.I-,a

ORDER oF BATTLE: VOLUNTEER mTIA

Cavalry • lst Regt (lst Militia Div; so`ith central virginia; camps mustered in l86l and merged into vol cav regts) 1861

coio (Included Nottoway Troop, Powhatan Troop, Cumberland Light hagcous, Chcsterfteld Light rmgoous, AIIiclia Light lhagcous. Pittsylvania Light mgcous. Petersburg Light mgcons, Wise Troop, etc.) Chesicrfckl fi.gfu Dlagooes issued 60 sabers and 120 pistols in 1851. /8cO.. WI.fc 7Toap.. red coat, blue trousers, and helmetwithhorsehairt`ift;othercompswore1850or1858stateregblueuniforms;5compsarmedwiths&bersandpistols. and 6 comps with sabers only, by Nov. • 2nd Rcgt (2nd Militia Diy; north ccnml Virghia; 5 comps consol 1861 with comps of lst and 4th Cav Rcgts to 1861 1o toform4thvolcavRcgt) 4th vol cav Regr (Rober(son`s) Cs serv: 186l-1865 Most comps believed to have originally won blue uniforms pfcscribed in 1858 . £I."/c Ford Jiangcrs in 1860: blue cap, red coat with ycnow stripes across front, and white pants; later exchanged for black pants with red stripes . IVov /860.. 2 comps amedwithpistolandsaber,5compsarmedwithsabcronly./86/..compsuniformedingray;amedlargelywithsabcrand revolver. • 3rd Rcgt (3rd Militia Div; nerthwestcm virginia; 4 comps consol l86l with comps of lst, 2nd, 1861 3o and 5th cav Rcgts to form lst vo] Cav Regt) lst vol cav Regt (Stuart`§) Cs serv: 186l-1865 /86/ .. clothing "modcTately good" homespun of "light drab-gray or buttcmut color, drab predominating . . . many varieties of dress. halfLcitizcn. half-military"; some compe: gray jacke( or coat and pants. trimmed with tilack, and wide-brimmed black felt ha(; some evidence of buttons placed in 3 rows and cofmected by black or gold braid. Generally amed with - rcvolvcr and saber. Comp K issued Sharps carbine in May. 1270

ORDER OF BATTLE /conti.nwed/

• 4th Regt (4th Militia Div; eastern virginia; comps mustered in l861, and assigned to vol cav regts) to l86l (Included Henrico Light Dragoons, Governors Mounted Guard. Henrico Mounted Rangers, Hanover rmghons. Charles City dragoons, Prince George Ehagoons. Sussex Light rmgoons, King William Troop, etc.) /8j4.. Hcnri.co I,I.gA/ Dragoous reorgan and adopted fatigue dress of white coat and pants, with black glazed cap; for parade dress: dark blue coat, white pantaloons, dragoon helmet wi(h horsehair plume; amed with saber and single-shot pistol./860..Gover7rorsWo«n/edGacrduniformedindaTkbluewithepaulets,dresscap;amedwithsaberandCol(navy revolver; brass stimips procured in March. Prl.nroc Gcorgc Dragoous.. unifonns of "blue English cloth." IVov /860.. 6 camps amcd with pistol and saber; 2 comps with saber only. /86/ .. SA4ffex I,I.gA/ I)ragoous.. blue cap and pants trimmed with yellow, and gray flannel shirt. • 5th Regt (5th Militia Div; southweslem virginia; comps mustered in l86l ; and assigned to vol cav regts) to l861 50 (Included Botetourt dragoons, Rcekbridge DTagcons, Washington Mounted RIfles, Greenbriar Cav, e(c.) /860..Bo/c/oqrrZ)ragoous..blueunifomedthmmcdwithyellow.Jiockbrl.dgeDragoousandothercompsalsouniformed in blue. IVov /860.. 2 comps amed with saber only; others unalTned.

Ar,illery

• let Reg( (lst Militia Div; comps mustered into serv as independent btrys with vol forces) to l86l {]E> Most comps uniformed in blue. /an /86/.. Bed/ord fi.gAI Arty.. blue coat and pants with red trim. and cap with cross carmon. • 2nd Regt (2nd Militia Div; comps mustered into serv as independent btrys with vol forces) 7o to l86l • 3rd Regt (3rd Militia Div; comps mustered into serv as independent btrys with vo] forces) go to l86l • 4th Regt (4th Militia Div; comps mustered into serv as independent btrys with vol forces) qo (r ```1

e¢.`Mostcompsinblueuniform.IVorfo/kfi.gA/ArtyB/«cs..dressunifomessentiallysameasadopted1837;darkblue`_,€ (with wings) and pall(s with gold cord and lace trim; blue cloth cap with cross cannon, eagle, numeral "4", and pompon; white cross belts. • 5th Rcg( (5th Militia Diy; comps mustered into serv as independent btrys with vol forces) (o l86l

nE±E ]rifdrtry

• lst Regt vols (City of Riehmond; Gwynn's, August's, Mcore.s; mustered into serv by comps l86l; 1851-1861 l&JO RIchmond Grays, Light Imf Blues, Howitzers, and Fayette Arty, detached and reassigned) lst vol lnf Regt (William`s; Skirmer's; reconstituted) Cs serv: 186l-1865 1871 on /8J/-/860.. comps distinctively dressed in blue, gray and green; field officers wore 1850 and 1858 sta(e res blue dress; white pants won by all comps in summer. Jii.chmond Grays abou( 1851, proc`ired new gray frcek coat, pants, and dress cap;byl859hadgrayfatiguejacketandcapwithblacktrim;vamishedandletteredknapsack,andbrassplateforcaridge box.Won/gomcryGttard..single-breastedgreencoateewith3rowsofVirginiabuttons,bufffacings,andgoldbraidthm; sky-bluepantswithbuffstripes;dresscapwith"M.G."encircledbysharmeekwreathinfront;whi(eleathercartridgebox andmusketsLing.yo«ngGngrd..bluefrockcoalandpan(strimmedinred.anddresscap.Jil.cAmond£I.gA//n/anlr)rJ}/«cs.. dark blue coatee with white cassimere collar, cuffs, and white plastron for summer and blue plastron for winter; blue pants with white Stripe; dress cap with white ccek.s feather plume; after 1858 generally wore dark blue dress cap with pompon. RI.chard ftyc«e Arty.. dark blue frcek coat and pants . VI.rgl.ni.a RI/7es (fomerly Gcman Ri/7cs): blue frock coat and pants thinned with green, Coxp f.. gray single-breasted frock coat and pants with black tim; dress and fatigue cap, fatigue jacket; black overcoat in 1859. JJowi./zer Coap.. armed but no( uniformed in 1859; some wore red shir(s. All comp colors forbiddeninregimenulparadesaf(erJan1856.Regtamedlargelywithpereussionsmoothboremuskets./860-/86/..Tegt paraded wearing: gray "regimental" overeoat, gray frock coat and pants, white cross belts, and dress cap with pompon; Richmond Grays procured new gray frock coat of long-skirt pattern; RIchmond Blues procured gray uniform in 1861 ; by April,allcompsingray;allworewhitecrossbe]tsexceptVirginiaRIfles,whichworeblackleatherbel(s;reginentalband and dnlm corps `mifomed in gray. /86/-/86?.. carried silk ANV battle flag presented by ladies of Richmond. • lst Bn vols (Wheeling (new west va.I; disb) 1860-1861(?) '3r\ `- 1271

ORDER OF BATTLE /cO„ii.„wed/ • 2nd Regt Vols (Jefferson County) 1860-1861 2nd Vol Imf Rest (lst Regt. Stonewall Brig; Allen's) CS serv: 1861-1865 I +a (Included Jefferson Gunds and cadets, Hamtranck Guard, Botts Grays, etc.) /86/.. camps largely clothed in gray unifoms; some camps wore blue or red shirts; most had knapsacks; percussion musket. Regt carried state flag untl late Nov 1861, when given ANV battle flag. • 2nd Bn vols (frodcricksburg; Burton.a; 2 camps; mcTged into 30th Imf Rcgt) 1860-1861 I 5o J860.. Washington Gut prceured gray unifous to replace won out blues. Frederlthb«rg RIwe Grcys.. gray frcek coat and trousers. • ;: 3:##oisefo;mo:s?it=ydo,¥)Orfohi county; H°d8e" cs serv: :::r_:8£;

`co (Included portsmouth Rifles, Old Dominion Guard, National Grays, Marion Rifles, Portsmouth Light Arty. ctc.)

Comps disthctively uniformed before 1861; probably gray frock coat and pants; dress cap with pompon. /86/.. most compsweuclothed:andwithflintlcekandpercussionslnoothboremuskets;CompChadM1841rifle.CompsAandE

. 3rd`;Snu#oTse(¥{intygoff°rNCo=#?,I;,::y2°:::;S:,bdi¥). and waist belts. ,86o_, 86, • io /8cO.. Camp F: blue frcek coat and pants thrmed with gold cord; black dless cap with pompon; armed in Jar l86l with smcothborepcrcussionmusketspuehardinNewYck.NorfolkLightArtyBlues:see4thArtyVOLUNTEERrmITIA

:a :&R;:, VflsRe%ce#gs)County; G'bhous'; ror8an into V°' 'rf Re" cs serv: i86i_:::: Oncluded Rcekingham Rifles, Chrisman's lnf. Bridgewater Grays. HarTisonburg Valley Guards, etc.) i';Farag8e°£¥:::e'n:dn:n#al#:.¥;cpestsemn#:yyrmRA:e.S£:gvy,m#tebratfe¥;¥:S::0:oC::Pb:y]i/e¥:;Eic:#: \``Bn /86J.. Vols regt Oetersburg; issued caps. Weisiger's, jackets, cotton Petersb`irg shins. Artyand overcoats.detached other comps formed nucleus of 12th Vol lnf Regt) 1861 `,aa" Vol lnf Rcgt oveisiger's) cs serv: 1861-i865

Bncompsdistinetivelyunifomed.PetersburgGrays,CompA:grayfailcoatandpantswithblackriin;PetcrsburgGrays, Comp8:grayficekcoat.CityGund,andRifleinen:dackbluefrockcoatandpants,cachwithdis(inctivetrim.Compshad dressandfatiguecaps;4comp§arndwithprivatelypurchasedEnfieldrifledmuskets./86J..regtgeneraJ]ywellclothed; amndwithpereussion§mcothboremusketsandEnfieldriflcs.Regtatfus(carried1861nationalflagwithdesigtiationin white bar; carded AI`IV battle flag 1862-1865. • 6th Bn vols (Alexandria county; Corse's; bn less 2 arty comps merged with other comps of northern virginia 1861 ZcO ,7:°vf:,mhf'i:grv(°to¥?s;8° Cs serv: 1861-1865

(Included Alexandria Arty. hish Vols [arty]. Emmett Guards, Alexandria RIflenen, Mount Vemon Guards. Old ttonhion Rifles, etc.) Bn camps distinctively unifomed: A/c*zzndrl.a Jif/7emen.. green frock coat and pants, and green cloth dress cap with pompon;Wo«n/VcrmnGqurd..graycoatandpantswithsilvcrcordthm,anddre§scap;OA7Z)omini.onRI/7es..grayjacket, pantsandcap,alltrimmedwithgreen;A/cmndrrdArty..graycoatandpants,thmmedwithredandgoldbraid./uno/86/.. uniforms largely won out; mos( of regt armed with percussion smcothbore muskets; some camps had rifles or rifled muskets. Comp H wore waist belts made from saber belts. • Augusta County Regt Vols ®aylor`s; reorgan as 5th Vol Imf Rest) 1861 5th Vol Imf Regt (3rd Regt, Stonewall Brig) CS serv: 1861-1865 210 (Included West Augusta Guard, Southern Guard. Augusta Rifles, Staunton Arty, etc.) Regt band 1861 included memtxas of Staunton Mountain Sax Horn Band organ 1855; officially designated Stonewall Brigade Band 1863; reorgan 1865 as Stonewall Brigade Band and sutl erists. /86/.. West Augusta Guard wore state res blue dress; Rifles adopted "French Zouave drill." • Albemarle county Bn (Strangc's; nucleus of l9th vol Imf Regt) 1861

±:a,19th vol lnf Regt @ust's; Strange.s) CS scrv: 186l-1865 Monn.cc//a Gqdrd.. zouave cap and red shin at target shoot in Dec 1859; Sco#ovl.J/c Gqpnd in early 1861: blue coat and

. vo:;%';::¥:i;:Sinbe(I,ts7:;dReep;u%:tia; RIchardson.s; 2 camps; reduced to I comp) 1857-1859 " Wore blue flpek coat and pants with red trin; epaulets; dess and fatigue caps; whi(e cross belts. 1272

ORDER OF BATTLE /confl.nwed/

PERMANENT CORPS AND MuLITARY SCHcOLS

• Virginia Military lnstitue (Lexington) entire period

e`J0 Dress unl/or7».. gray coatee with 3 rows of state buttons. with black trim; gray pants with black stripe for winter; white pantsforsommer;dTesscapwithEngineerinsigniaandccek'sfeatherplulne.Fa/i.g«c«nlJorm..grayforagecapandjacket; gray vest for winter and white for summer. Unifor[ns of superintendent and professors conformed to that of Corps of Engineers, US Any. with State buttons. Cadets wore white cross belts; armed with smoothbore pereu§sion muskets until about 1863, when issued Au§than rifles. Presented flag in 1850 with state seal on white background; reverse side had Goddess of Liberty, with scroll beneath bearing "Literature, Science, Arts," • Publie Guard (Richmond; Difnmock's Gay.s; Light Imf comp; also called state Guard) (o l869

oso Ocl /852.. issued new flag; altered uniforms and new cap with ccok's feather plume; also new cap in 1858. Fcb /859.. paraded in new unifom: blue coat with yellow shoulder straps, sky-blue pants. blue cap with yellow plume, and "white shoulder and cross belts." /862.. i§soed "uniform" and "fatigue" caps, jacke(, and flannel shir(; presumably all gray. Snrith.s Amory Band (members of Gund) wore similar uniform. • University of virginia (2 camps; disb) 1860-1861 ¢®0 Sons of Liberty: wore dark blue caps; red shirts thmmed with black velvet and adorned with brass buttons; black dceskin pa[its; white cross belt with large t]rass buckle. Southcm Guard: blue caps, shirt, and pants. Both comps equipped with caThidge boxes, bayonets and scabbards. and armed with flindcek muskets. (In 1853 , the state supplied muskets "shortened expressly" to the following sehcols: Williamsburg Academy; Willialnsburg Military. Mathematical and Classical School; Rumford Academy, King Willialn County; and Fleetwood Academy, King and Queen County.)

VOLUNTEER LEGIONS I-Ei • Wise I.egion (dissolved and inf elements forTned into wise's Brig) 1861-1862

? ic) Any /86/.. generally destitute of shoes, clothing, knapsacks, cartridge boxes, cap pouches; had "few alTns fit to use'.. AJso reported in Oct as "suffchng much for want of clothing''; arms included a large number of Vif'ginia Manufactory flintlock muskets. Ist Cav Regt (Davis; detached and reorgan 1862 as loth Cav Regt, q.v.) J86/.. furnished 260 sabers without scabbards, some of which were rescabbarded; issued 53 flintlock pistols; CompCamedwithpercussionriflesandVirginiaManufactorysabers;1comparmedwithcarbinesandsbotguns. Arty Bn (Gibbes'; Comp A mustered ou( 1861; other comps reorgan 1862 and independent btrys.) lst lnf Regt (46th Imf Regt; Richardson's, g.v.) 2nd Imf Regt (59th lnf Regt; Henningsen`s. a.v.) 3rd lnf Regt (60th Imf Regt; Stark's, g.v.) • Lee's Ilegion (lst Cav Bn): see lst Cav Bn ts`O voLur`ITEER cAVALRv

• ls( Rcgt: see VOLUNTEER hELITIA • lst Rest Partisan Rangers: see 62nd Mounted Imf Regt • lst Bn (liee's Legion: expanded to form 9th cav Regt) }4. 1861-1862 • 2nd Rcgt oadford.s; Munfnd.s; folmerly called 30th Regt vols) 1861-1865 j oo Aiig /86/.. comps not unifomly dressed; aned with saber, pistol, shotgun and a few cartiines. Reginental band supplied with instr`Lments captured at Haymarket. • 2nd Bn (Pate's; merged into 5th [Rosser's] Cav Reg() 1862 3 '° Peiewh«rg Rangcry reported in May l86l to be armed with Jenks carbines salvaged from uss pcmry/vanl.a at NorfoLk. • 3rd Regt (Johnston's; also called 2nd cav Regt) 1861-1865 2pZJO /unc /86/.. some comps hed l858 state reg blue uniform; armed with saber, revolver, shotgun, some carbines and Bowie hives. • 4th Regt: see VOLUNTEER hdrlHA 1273

ORDER OF BATTLE /cO#fl.„wed)

• 5th Regt (Mullins'; also called 4th cav Regt; disb) 1861-1862 33o Comps distinctively uhifomed at first; at least 2 compe wore blue. A«g /86/.. amed with saber. Adams and Colt revolvers, single-shot percussion and flintlcek pistols, and double-hafTel shotguns. • 5th Regl (Rosser's; consol with l5th cav Res.) 1862-1864

3+a /862.. regt reporfed to have carried lances. with red and white pennons. until after Calett's Statiol]. I)cc /862.. Pate's Rangers issued caps, jackets, overcoats, pants, boots, overshirts, double-barrel shotguns, and sabers. /863-/86¢.. regt amcd with sabers, revolvers, Sharps rifles, Austrian rifles, and cartiines. • 5th Regt consol (Bog(on's; formed by consol of 5th and l5th cav Regts) 3SO 1864-1865 • 6th Regt (Fields) 1861-1865 3Lo /86-/.. comps indifferently dressed, some with gray flalinel shirts variously trinmed, hats and caps; caiTied ANV battle flag, new flag issued in March 1865. • 7th Regt (Ashby's; composed of 26 comps, including Chew's btry of horse arty. fust to be organ in ANV; 1861-1865 310 reduced to 10 comps in June 1862, and rcorgan into Lapel Brig.) /86J..issuedcaps,jackets,pants,cottonshirts,haversacks,canteens,gunsLings,andcanddgeboxes;arnedwithsabers. a][ny and navy revolvers. Savage revolvers, single-shot pistols, Mississippi rifles, muskets, Sharps carbines, and sofnc Merrill and Smith carbines. • 8th Regt (Coms') 3€O 1861-1865 Carried M 1863 national flag as regimental color with designation embroidered on white field. • 8th Bn (Inerged into loth Cav Regt) 3QO 1861-1862 • 9th Regt (Beale's; formed by expansion Of ls( Cav Bn) +oO 1862-1865 • loth Res( (Davis'; formerly lst Cav Regt, Wise Legion) .Ill 1862-1865 •... h Regt (Laurel Brig; Funsten's; formed by expansion of 17th Cav Bn)+20 1863-1865 • .. Bn ®radley's; also called loth cav Bn)+30 1862 (?) • \Trfth Regt (Level Brig; Haman`s; formed from clemcnts Of 7th Cav Regt) 1862-1865 44o /862.. issued caps, jackets, pants. overshirts. cotton shirts, overcoats, and boots; amed with revolvers, carbines and sabers. • 13th Regt (Chrmbliss's; formed by expansion of 16th Cav Bn) 4SO 1862-1865 • 14th Regt (Ihoibum's) 1862-1865 "14th REGT VA 4 10 Carried blue flag 48 x 34 in with state ams on one side and embroideed in gold on the other: CAVALRY" in a scroll. In script beneath: "God armeth the pathot." • 14th Bn (Chesapeake Bn; Boroughs.; consol with 15th Cav Bn to form 15th Cav Regt)+lc3 1862 • 15th Regt (Ball.s; formed by consol of 14th and 15th Cav Bns; consol with 5th Cav Regt)4ro 1862-1864 • 15th Bn oNorthem Neck Rangers; consol with 14th Cav Bn (o fom 15th Cav Regt) +QO 1862 • 16th Regt (Ferguson's; fomed by consol of Ferguson's and Caldwell's Cav Bns) 5t]C} 1863-1865 • 16th Bn (Belches.; reorgan as 13th Cav Rcgt) 1862 6` P Amed with sabers, revolvers, and double-barrel shotguns. • 17th Regt (French.s; formed by expansion of 33rd Cav BD) 5:ZO 1863-1865 • 18th Regt (Imboden's)530 1862-1865 • 19th Regt (Jackson'§; composed minly of for[ner members of STATE LINE) 54C' 1863-1865 • 20th Regt (Arn€tt's) 5¢ 1863-1865 • 2ls( Regt (Peter's; fond from disb STATE LINE)5cO 1863-1865 • 22nd Rcgt (Bowen's Mounted Riflemen) 570 1863-1865 • 23rd Regt (White's; formerly 4lst Cav Bn and O'FerTall's Cav Bn) 1863-1865 6#C) Carded ANV battle flag. • 24th Bn Patisan Rangers (Scott's Bn; disb) SIO 1862-1863 • 25th Regt (Hopkins.; fomerly 27th Cav Bn)Gce 1864-1865 • 26th Regt (Kessler's; formed from 46th and 47th Cav Bns) C/c) 1865 • 27th in Partisan Rangers Crrigg's Bn; redesig 25th Cav Rest)GZO 1862-1864 • 30th Regt: see 2nd Cav Regt • ` .st Bn (2 comps; merged into 40th Cav Bn) 1862-1863 ¢`~, rvov J862.. weu uniformed: amed largely with sabers and a few shotguns. 1274

ORDER OF BATTLE /confl.„ued/

• 32nd Bn a`obeTtson'; consol with 40th Cav Bn to form 42Iid Cav Bn) GI a 1863 • 33rd Bn a=rcneh's; expanded to form 17th Cav Rest) GSO 1862-1863 • 34th Bn (lst or Witchcr's BD Mounted Rifles) ®t>® 1862-1865 • 35th Bn (I.aunel Brig; White's) 1863-1865 4?C' Wne gay jacket, pants, and cap; armed with saber. i€volver and cafoine. • 36th BD (Swccney.s) 6ft' 1863-1865 • 37th Bn (fomerly Dunn's Bn Paftisan Rangers) 6?0 1862-1865 • 39th BD Qichardson's Bn Scouts, Guides and Couriers; also called 13th Cav Bn)|c>O 1862-1865 • 40th Bn (Wfen's: fonnerly 3lst Cav Bn; consol with 32nd Cav Bn to form 42nd Cav Bn) 7Jo 1863 • 4lst Bn (White`s Bn; merged into 23rd Cav Regt) i20 1863-1864 • 42nd Bn (fomerly 32nd and 40th Cav Bus; merged into 24th Cav Regt) 7Go 1863-1864 • 43rd Bn (Mosby.s Bn Paftisan Rangers; expanded to form Mosby's Rcgt Partisan Rangers, a.v.)it/a 1863-1864 • 46th BD qcessler's; consol with 47th Cav Bn to fonn 26th Cav Rest 7:50 1864-1865 • 47th Bn (IIaman's; consol with 46di Cav Bnr7CO 1864-1865 • Caldweu.s Bn (merged into 16th Cav Regt) 77o 1862-1863 • Davis' Bn (temporary fLeld comlnand; captured)7ftJ 1864 • Fcrg`ison's Bn (Guyandotte Bn: Inerged into 16th Cav Rcgt) 7 qc> 1863 • Frcnch's Bn: see 33rd Cav Bn iroo • HounshclJ's Bn Paftisan Rangers (also called MOTris' and ThuLrmond's Bn) €.t. 1864-1865 • Jackson.s Bn: see l9th Cav Regt • Mosby.s Rest Partisan Rangers (formerly 43rd Bn Cav Partisan Rangers) 1864-1865 81£? Wee gray frock coat or jacket, and pants; felt hat, solne of which boTc plumes; some wore boots; amed mainly ¥ith revolvers, a pair per ftrm at least. • O'ftmll's Bn (merged into 23rd Cav Rcgt) e9a 186J_.64 • Swarm.s Bn (also called Calpenter's Bn) 84C' 1864-1865

VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY

• lst Rcgt (Randolph's; also called 2nd Arty Rcgt; redesig lst Light Arty Bn) 1861-1864 gs° Jti.chmond Howl.frcrs (2nd and 3rd Comps) wore gray jacket, pants, and cap. with red tim. • lst Light Arty Regt: failed to complete organ 86o • let Light Arty Bn urardaway's; formed from lst Arty Regt; disb) 8'ic> 1864-1865 • 2nd Rest Oansiu's; also called Virginia Home Arty; reorgan as 22nd Imf Bn) 1862 6 80 Sox/ho&de Hcavy Arty amed with Virginia Manufactory sfnoothbore muskets. • 4th Heavy Arty Regt (Goode's; conver(ed to 34th lnf Reg( a.v.) 8qc> 1862 • loth Heavy Arty Bn (Heusley's) c?oo 1862-1865 • 12th Light Arty Bn Ooggs; disb) a 10 1862-1865 • 13th Light Arty Bn (Gibbes'; disb) qtJ? 1863-1865 • 18th Heavy Arty Bn quardin.s) q30 1862-1865 • 19th Heavy Arty Bn (Chalmcr's) 1862-1865 C7WO Amed lngcly with smoothbac muskets, with a few rifled muskets. • 20th Heavy Arty Bn Oobertson.s) qso 1862-1865 • 38th tight Arty Bn (Stribling's) q€rc7 1863-1865 • HafTis' Heavy Arty Bn: fated to complete organ

• Richmond Howitzers Bn (Randolph's; 3 comps; fomcd by expansion of Howitzer Comp, formerly Comp H, 1861 4 ?d lst Rcgt Vols; lst Comp detached, and 2nd and 3rd Comps assigned to lst Arty Regt) Hoi.J..ccrCaqpiD1860-1861woregrayfrockcoatandpants,fndguecap,overeoat,knapsack,andsaber.AIlcompsofbn had gray jacket, pants and cap with red rim; some woe vests. • Wise Legion Arty: see VOLun`ITEER LEGIONS q6D (Ihcre were in addition about loo indepcndeut btrys, fnost of them fonning a part of Any of Northern Virginia field organs c"tedunderc.S.authority.Artillcrymcnusuallyworegrayjacketorfrockcoatandpants,withredthm;jacketcommonlymedc with shoulder straps. Various kinds of caps were won, and numbers of them bore cross carmon, often supplemented v 3 initials of the camp. At least one comp, the Hanover Arty, wore double-breasted gray frock coat in l862.) \~' 1275

ORDER OF BATTLE (cO„fi.wwed/

VOLUNTEER INFANTRY

• lst Rest: see VOLUNTEER MILITIA • l§( Kanawha Regt: see 22nd Imf Rest • 2nd Regt: see VOLun`ITEER hdrlTIA • 2nd Kanawha Regt: see 36th Imf Regt • 3rd Regt: see VOLUt`ITEER MELI'ITA • 3rd Kanawha Regt: failed to complete organ; comps trausfelled to 22nd and 36th Imf Regts • 4th Regt (Preston's) 1861-1865 Clqo Liberty Hall vols: g[ay shir( and pants, trinmed presumably wi(h blue. Grayson Dare devils: "flaming red'. shir( and carried Harper.s Felly rifles with sword bayonet. Rest carried ANY battle flag, 1861-1865. • 4th Bn: failed to complete organ loco • 5th Regt: see VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 5th Bn (Archer's; serv for a tine as heavy arty; disb) 1861-1862 I C) '° Most comps amed with flintlocks in 1861; replaced with percussion muskets in 1862. • 6th Rest (Mchone's. Rogers') 1861-1865 /86/..CompF;see3rdmVols(VOLMILITIA).IndependentGrays:grayfrockcoatandpants;dresscapwithplulneor I c}ZO pompon.WoodisRIflemen:darkgreenfrcekcoatandpants,withblackvelvetplastronandtrim;M1858fe]thatwithbuglc and .`WR" device in front; almed with "Harpers Ferry rifles." /wne /86/ .. clothing of regt rated generally as "suitable for season"; comps received issues of cloth caps, shins, jackets, pants, sceks, and shces, some probably distributed by state; amed with flintlocks, and conversions, except for Woodis RifleTnen. Issued ANY battle flag, 1862. • 6th Bn: see VOLUNTEER MILITIA • `` Regt (Kemper's) 1861-1865 /~ /«„ /86/.. regt moderately well supplied with clothing. Hazelwood Vo]s: blue flannel shin and gray pants; regt armed - Largely with converted muskets. • 7th Bn: see 6lst lnfRegt • 8th Regl (Hunton's) 1861-1865 / C>L/O /86/.. armed mainly with converted muskets. Carried ANY battle flag. • 8th Bn oTredegar Bn; reorgan as 6th Imf Bn, LOCAL DEFENSE TROOPS, a.v.) /oS 1861-1863 • 9th Regt (Godwin's; serv for a time as heavy arty) 1861-1865 / c€c) Comp D originally armed with pikes, later exchanged for flintlcok muskets, still la(er with conversions. Portsmouth Rifle Comp amed with M184l rifle with saber bayonet. Carried ANV battle flag. • 9th Bn (Hansbrough's; merged into 25th Imf Regt) /c>7o 1861-1862 • loth Regt: see VOLUNTEER MILITIA • llth Regt (Garland's) 1861-1865 / 08C' /86/.. comps distinctively dressed. Lynchburg Rifle Greys and preston Guards in gray; Southern Guard: blackjacket, gray pantswithblacksthpe.StateissuedLynchburgHomeGuard20conver(edmusketswithaccou(ermentsincluding"20sets plates" and 120 yds of webbing. • 12th Regt: see VOLut`ITEER MILITIA • 13th Regt (Hill's; Walkcr's) 1861-1865 /c]9pAqg/86/..regtreceivednewuniformsmadeinRichmond.Dec1864:regtpresentedsiLkANVbattlef]agmadefrombridal dress of Mrs. A. P. Hill. • 14th Regt (Hodges) 1861-1865 / ` C'° /wnc /86/.. clothing generally rated as good; armed mainly with converted muskets; issued web bel(ing in won condition. • 15th Regt (August's; also called 3rd vol Regt; organ from vol comps of 33rd and l79th Militia Regts) 1861-1865

//,a May /86/.. comps uniformed in blue and gray; aJTned mostly with converted muskets; Henrico Guard had Virginia Manufactoryflintlcekmuskets.RegtpresenteddistinctivesiLkflagmadefrombridaldre§sofMrs.CatherineH.Morrison. • 16th Regt (Colston's; also called 26th Imf Regt while in state serv) 1861-1865 i J ZO /«nc /86/,. indifferently clothed, bu( arnis in good condition. Marion Rangers had M186l national flag with a design painted in union; not carried into active serv. `th Regt: see VOLUNTEER MILITIA 1276

ORDER OF BATTLE /contfrowed/

• 18th Rcgt ovithcrs') 1861-1865 I . 3C> /86/.. clothing not uniform; won. but rated as "good" by cnd of June; almost all comps her knapsacks, haversacks, cantccns, and other accoutcments; armed mainly with conver(cd muskets. • 19th Rcgt; see VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 20th Rest (Pegram.s, Tyler's; disb) 11`+a 1861-1862 • 2lst R¢gt (Giuiun's. Patton's) ` ` SC? 1861-1865 • 2lst Bn Oound Gap Bn; consol with 29(h Imf Bn to fom 64th Mounted lnf Rest) .16o 1861-1862 • 22nd Rest Crompkins'; also called l§t Kanawha Regt) I.to 1861-1865 • 22nd Bn qaylce`s; disb)l I 8o 1862-1864 • 23rd Rcgt craliaferro.s) 1861-1865 I . 4o /86/.. Comp E wore gray frock coat, pants and cap, with blue trio; web shoulder and waist belts with plates; carried convcr(ed muskets. Comp H issued M 184l rifle with and without bayonets; leather waist belt with brass plate. Carried ANV battle flag. • 23rd Bn quounshell's) IIOo 1862-1865 • 24th Regt creny.s)`-io 1861-1865 • 25th Rcgt queck's) .1861-1865 ill a Carried ANV battle flag. • 25th Bn (RIchmond City Bn): see LOCAL DEFENSE TRcOPS

• 26th Regt (Crump's).ito 1861-1865 • 26th Bn (Edgar's) i&3c? 1862-1865 • 27th Res( (Cordon.s; also called 6th Vol Rcgt in state serv) ii`lo 1861-1865 • 28th Regt (Preston's) 1861-.045 •?sO Cafried AI`IV banlc flag. `T862 • 28th Bn Oabb.s; disb and comps assigned (o 59th Imf Rest) .&60

• 29th Regt (Moorc's) izL:16 1861-1865 • 30th Rcgt (Cary.s) 1861-1865 12Jpe Carried AV baulc flag.

• 30th Bn Shafpshooters (Clarke.s) ;29c) 1862-1865 • 3lst Regt (Hoffman's) i3c>c> 1861-1865 • 32nd Rcgt (Mont.gue.s) |3io 1861-1865 • 33rd Regt (Cunmings.) 1861-1865 J320 /86/.. amed largely with converted and flintJcek smoothbce muskets. • 34th Rcgt (Goode's; fomerly 4th Heavy Arty Rest) i 330 1862-1865 • 35th Rcgt: failed to complete organ /3t/O

• 36th Rest (Mccausland's; forTnerly knoirm as 2nd Kanawha Regt) 1861-1865 /35TODtscribedinAug1861asbeing"withoutc]othingoroquipmcntfitforafnachoranyefricienlscrvicewhatcver."Carried state flag with dcsigmtion and battle inscriptions on scrolls placed on blue field. • 37th Regt O=ulkerson.s) /3cc> 1861-1865 • 38th Rcgt Oittsylvania Rest; Edmond's) 1861-1865 /37C? Carried ANV flag battle.

• 39th Rcgt (Smith's; inf, cav, and arty comps; disb) ^3 60 1861-1862 • 40th Rest (Brockenbrough's) 1861-1865 /L39c7 Carried ANV battle flag. • 4lst Regt (Chambliss'§) ;{Aao 1861-1865 • 42nd Rc8t (BUTks') 1861-1865 / /JC> Comp A wore gray uniform with blue tim; regt armed largely with converted muskets. Carried ANV battle flag. • 43rd Rcgt: failed to complete organ ;4ZG • 44th Rest (Scott's) 1861-1865 /430/86/..CompE(RichmondZounves)apparentlywoTebluejackets,orangezouavetrouscrs,whitegaiters;haduniqueReith hapsack; armed with flintlceks, which were replaced by July with Springficld rifled musket. Regt carried ANY + 'e flag. `,/ 1277

ORDER OF BATTLE /coHtl.nwed/

• 44th Bn ®atte's; assigned to RESERVE FORCES) lHHC> 1863-1865 • 45th Regl (Heth's) 186'-1865 14St? Carried ANV battle flag. • 45th Bn (Beckley's; fomnd from lst Cav Reg., STATE LINE) 14cO 1863-1865 • 46th Regt (RIchardson's; formerly lst Imf Regt, Wise Legion, or 2nd Regt, Wise Legion) 1861-1865 I t+7° Am;d largely with converted muskets. /an /862.. dnim caps of 12 boys organ. Carried ANV battle flag. • 47th Regt (Mayo's) 1861-1865 1 t`8't' Levy RJJJes,' "neat gray unifoms." Regt armed with smoothborc pcrcu§sion muskets. Carried ^NV battle flag. • 48th Regt (Ganett's) 1861-1865 /W4C> Carried ANV battle flag. • 49th Regt (Smith's)i5co 1861-1865 • 50th Regt (Reynold's) 1861-1865 i 5f C' cared Arv battle flag. • 5lst Regt (Wharton's) is20 1861-1865 • 52nd Regt (Baldwin's) is30 1861-1865 • 53rd Regt (Toulin's; formed by consol of Tomlin's and Montague's Bns) . Sqo 1861-1865 • 54th Regt (Trigg''s) 1861-1865 i5SC' carried AV battle flag. • 54th Bn (Lynch's; formed from 54th and 63rd lnf Regts) IS6o 1865 1861-1865 ?si5othc¥gdor#°¥i:)ieflag. •<6,thcR=qed(Sfrat':;the flag. 1861-1865

•`'57th Regt (Armistead's) 1861-1865 t i?C7 cited Arv battle flag. • 58th Regt (Goode's) .Gac,? 1861-1865 • 59th Regt quermingsen's; formerly called 2nd Imf Rest, Wise Legion) 1861-1865 I 2o 1862-1865 • 62nd Regt Mounted Imf (Imboden's; formerly called ls( Inf Regt Partisan Rangers and 62nd inf Regt; 1862-1865 103t> mounted in late 1863) • 63rd Regt (MCMahon's) i6 I/£j 1862-1865 • 64th Regt Mounted Imf (Slemp.s; formed by consol of 2lst and 29th lnf Bns; mounted in 1863) .4io 1862-1865 • Cohcon's Bn (composed of Viginia and Noth Carolina troops; disb) l`Of.a 1862 • French's Bn: failed to complete organ /a.70 • Kcen's Bn (temporary field command; fnerged into 57th hf Regt) /dgo 1861 • Montague's Bn: see 53rd Imf Regt /6fl? • Tomlin's Bn: see 53rd Imf Regt / 7ac)

f 7ro pRovlsI0NAL ARMY

(The governor was authorized to prescribe the uniform for this foroe but this was apparently never done.) • lst Bn (MunfoTd's; also called Irish Bn and ls( Bn virginia Regulars) 1861-1865 • Letcher Arty (Davidson's) 1862-1865 Issued caps, jackets, pants, and overcoats. Officers wore C. S. res dress. 1278

ORDER OF BATTLE /conifro#ed/

•720 PROVISIONAL NAVY

(Seamen and marines believed (o have been issued clothing from stores seized al Gosport Navy Yard. State issued 5 Whitney revolvers with holsters and 5 waist belts and holsters to officers; 30 flintlock muskets and 30 "altered" swords sent (o steamer CSS yordotrm.) • Naval Light Arty (Parker.s; appafently never completed organ; members tTan§feiTed to css pan.ck Jrcnry) 1861

I 730 STATE LINE

• lst Rest (Radford.s; cav and imf comps; rcoTgan as 45th vol Imf Bn) 1862-1863 Unifomed in g[ny jacket, pants and cap; issued conver(ed smoothtrore muskets, replaced with capnued Enfield rifles. • lst Bn (comprised I cav comp; others not identified) 1862 • 2nd Rest oeter's; cav and inf comps) 1862-1863 Wore gray jacket, pants. cap; issued converted smoothbore muskets, replaced with captured Enfield rifles. • 2nd Cav Regt: failed to complete organ • 3rd Rcgt (Clarkson.s; cav and imf comps) 1862-1863 Issued gray jacket, pants and cap; rearmed with capt`ued Enfield riflc§ and accouterments. • 4th Rest quounshell's; cav and inf camps) 1862-1863 Uniformed in gray jacket and pants; amed with converted smoothbore muskets. • 5th Rest (Edmondson's; cav and inf comps) 1862-1863 Issued converted smoothbore muskets. • Arty Bn (Jackson's; 2 comps and howitzer btry)

• 74/ OLacAI. DEFENSE moops

• lst Imf Rcgt (RIchmond; Jones'; composed of detailed men from Nioe and Mining Bueau) 1863-1865 • lst Cav Bn (RIchmond; also called Browne.s Reconnaissance Cav Corps) 1863-1865 IVov /863.. comps uniformed; armed with sabers. • lst Imf Bn (Richmond; Douner's; also called Armory Bn) 1863-1865 • 2nd Imf Rcgt (RIchmond; ScTuggs.; formed by cousol of 2nd and 6th liif Bus. LOCAL DEFENSE TRcOPS) 1864-1865 • 2nd lnf Bn(RIchmond; Waller'§; cousol with 6th Imf Bn to form 2nd IIif Regt, LOCAL DEFENSE TRcOPS)1863-1864 • 3rd Arty Rest (Richmond; Porter's; originally designated 2nd Arty Rest; broken up) 1862 • 3rd Imf Rcgt (Richmond; MCAnerney.s; fomed by expansion of 3rd Imf Bn, LOCAL DEFENSE TROOPS) 1864-1865 • 4th lnf Bn (RIchmond; Curin's; also called Naval Bn) 1863-1865 • 5th Imf Bn (Richmond; Broun's; also called Arsenal Bn) 1863-1865 • 6th Imf Bn (RIchmond; Anderson's, Archcr's, Tarmer'§; also called Ttedcgar Bn; fonnerly 8th Vol lnf Bn; 1861-1864 merged in(o 2nd Imf Bn. LOCAL DEFENSE TROOPS) /rdy /86/.. described as being "handsomely uniformed and amed." Issued 20 Virginia Manufactory flintlcek muskets witb bayonets. Fch /862.. paftly uniformed; armed with "good percussion muskets." • 7th lnf Bn (Morton's; fomcrly lst Nitre Bn, 3rd Nitre Distict) 1864-1865 • Baldwin's Rest (Augusta County; also called Augusta Raid Guard) 1864-1865 • Buck's Rcgt (Also called Botetour( Home Guards) 1863-1865 • Wedc's Rcgt (Montgomery county) 1863 • M`mfnd's Bn (Richmond): faded to complete organ

• Richmond City Bn (Elliott.s; also called 25th Imf Bn) 1862-1865 Probably wore gray jacket, pants and cap with blue trim; amed with converted muskets.

(Ihere were in addition 73 camps of LacAL DEFENSE TRcOPS organ thoughout the state.) 1279

ORDER OF BATTLE /confi.nwed) / 7SO RESERVES

• lst Regt (Farinholt's; formed by consol Of Farinholt's and Averett's Bns) 1864-1865 • lst Regt (Danforth's): see lst Rest (Second Class), MILITIA • lst Bn ovalker's) 1864-1865 • lst BD Valley Reserves: see 8th Bn Reserves • 2nd Reg( ®rockenbrough's) 1864-1865 • 2nd Regt (Evans'): see l9th Regt, hELITIA • 2nd Bn (Guy's) 1864-1865 • 2nd Bn Valley Reserves: see 9th Bn Reserves `NI . 3rd Regt (Bcoker's) 1864-1865 • 3rd Bn (Areher's; included 2 Second Class Militia comps of Petersburg) 1864-1865 • 3rd BD (Chrisman's; temporary command of Valley Reserve comps) 1864 • 3rd Bn Valley Reserves (Mccune's; also called Augusta County Reserves; broken up) 1864 • 4th Regt (Preston's; also called 5th Regt) 1864-1865 • 4th BD (Godwin's) 1864-1865 • 4th Bn Valley Reserves: see loth Bn Reserves • 5th Bn (Henry's; fornierly called Henry's Regt Virginia Reserves) 1864-1865 • 6th Bn (Smith's; formerly called 13th Bn Virginia Reserves) 1864-1865 • 7th Bn (Chrisman's; formerly 5th Bn Valley Reserves) 1864-1865 • 8th Bn (Miller's; formerly lst Bn Valley Reserves) 1864-1865 • 9th Bn ITaylor.s; fomerly 2nd Bn Valley Reserves, Rcekingham County) 1864-1865 • loth Bn ®yrd's; foThner]y 4th Bn Valley Reserves) 1864-1865 th Bn (Wanace's; fomerly called 4th Bn Valley Reserves) 1864-1865 \`+^verett's Bn (merged into lst Rest Reserves) 1864 Hansbrough's Roanoke Bn 1864 Hood's Bn (Pctersburg) 1864-1865 Patton's Botetourl Bn 1864 Rockbridge County Bn (merged into 7th and loth Bns Reserves) 1864

(There were in addition 5 comps of Reserves lceated in various parts of the state.)

I 760 HOME GUARDS

Botetout Home Guards: see Burk's Regt, LCXIAL DEFENSE TRcOPS Richmond Home Guard Bn a`obertson's) Issued by state 160 Virginia Manufactory flintlcek muskets and 52 "Virginia" saber blades. Richmond Home Guard Arty Bn Smyth County Cav in

(ln 1863 the Adjutant General reported 28 imf and 7 cav comps of Home Guards.)

; 770 mlTIA

Comprised 198 regiments of the line. 1861-1864. Uniforms were required by law for general and field officers and photographsof1859-1861indicatetheywereunifomedaccordingtostateregulationsof1858.Thereisnorecordofuniformed line companies before 1861. Before hostilities, companies were armed at the discretion of the governor; thereafter they were issued weapons by the state when called into active service. The regiments were frequently on active duty but only those lised below wore any semblance of mili(any dress. any one regiment is kno`Irn to have adopted a uniform for its line companies. • 19th Regt (City of Richmond; Evans'; rcorgan l862 as l9th Regt, First class Militia; known also to l865 as 2nd Reg( Virginia Reserves) /an /86J.. Officers proposed inexpensive regimental unifom; regt later armed by state with smcothbac muskets. 1280

+-+-+-+

ORDER OF BATILE /couti.nued/ ^'6 • 179th Rcgt (City of REhlnond; Riehardson.a. Moriss'; disb) to l864 /ar /86/ .. I€gincDtal dress adopted: blue flarmcl hunting Shirt with blue ffingc and state buttons, dark civilian pants, blue cap. Aprz./ /86/ .. yl.rgl.nda Lore GArard, a `\mifined company of the line," wofc blue fla[uel hunthg shirt with blue ffingc and state buttons, blue cloth cap, black pants, white gloves, armed with Enfierd rifle.

i 7 8c> sEcOND cLAss hmJnA

• let Reg( (City of RIchmond); I)anfth's; fomed by expansion of lst Bn, Second class Militia; also 1863-1865 lmown as lst Virginia Rcscrvcs) Issued arms by the state. • Hobson's Bn oetcrsburg; probably disb) 1863-1864 (I • Winfroe's------I- Bn a.ynchburg; fomcd from l3ls( Rcgt Militia) 1862-1865

Union Virginia

MostofthesympathizersfortheUnioncauseinVirginiaresidedwithinthewestemcour that in 1861 established their own government, purporting to represent the whole stateiif Virginia.In1862,howeverWestVirginiawascreatedasanewstateandadmittedtotheUnion on 20 June 1863. Troops from this area are described under "West Virginia." Other than the counties that fomed West Virginia, the largest area in which substantial Union sympathy was found was in Loudoun County, among the Germans and Quakers. Some Union sentiment existed along the Eastern Shore and the Potomac River. A small number of Negro troops was raised in the state. s. us v\eG, +-+-+

ORDER 0F BATTLE

i a Independent London Rangers (Means'; 2 camps) 1862-1865 Issued US rcg cav clothil]g.?aCoupA,lstRcgt,I.oyalEastcrB virginia vois (Thomas') 1863-1865

Issued US leg inf c]odthg. 30 Aoootink Hone Guard QAirfuL Conty) 1864

COLORED mcops (uNroN)

• let Rest vinginin colored Imf (fedesig) 1864 4o 38tii kegt, u.s.c.T. i864-i867 issued US res inf cloding. Balncs. Coup A. Vgiv colored Gtiards 1864-I ®

lst Virginia Infantry

©,1997, Jeffrey C. Weaver

The 1 st Virginia Infantry of the Confederate States Army was organized on May I, 1851 from nine militia units in the Richmond area. The first commander was Colonel Walter Gwyrm. Gwym served in that capacity until 1853, when he was replaced by Thomas Pearson August. August served until 1860 when he was promoted to Brigadier General of Militia, and given command of the 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, Virginia Militia. August was followed by Colonel Patrick Theodore Moore, who served until 1862 when he was wounded and disabled. Lewis Burwell Williams, Jr. suceeded in command and led the unit until he was killed at Gettysburg, Permsylvania on July 3,1863. Frederick Gustavus Skirmer was the final commander of the I st Virginia, serving until the end of the war.

The Militia units which orignally formed the 1 st Virginia Infantry were:

• Richmond Light Dragoons, fomed in 1807. This unit ceased to exist in 1854. • Richmond Fayette Artillery, formed in 1824 • Richmond Grays, organized on January 29, 1 844 • Richmond Eagle Infantry, organized in 1849 • RIchmond Light Infantry Blues, formed on May 10,1793 • Richmond Geman Rifles, formed in 1850 • Richmond Young Guard, organized in 1850 • Montgomery Guard, organized in 1850 • Caledonian Guard, organized in 1851.

These companies went through various permatations before the outbreak of war in April 1861 .

The unit was activated on April 21,1861, and mustered into Confederate service on June 30, 1861. Several of the companies were detached and reassigned during the ensuing, confusing months. The 1 st Virginia Infantry which was also known as the "Williams Rifles" was eventually composed of:

Company A -RIchmond Grays -Reassigned as Company G,12th VA Inf. about September 1, I 861 .

Company 8 - RIchmond City Guard - Served through out the war as part of this unit.

Company C - Montgomery Guard - Served throughout the war as part of this unit.

Company D -Old Dominion Guard -Served in this unit through 1865.

Company E - Washington Volunteers - From Washington, D.C., mustered out of service on April 26,1862.

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Company F -Beauregard Rifles -Later reassigned as Company C, I st Virginia Artillery in 1861.

Company G -Captain William H. Gordon's Company -served in this unit through 1865.

Company H -Richmond Grays No. 2. Served with the lst through 1865.

Company I - Captain Robert F. Morris' Company, served through the war with the 1 st Virginia Infantry

. Company K - Virginia RIfles -disbaned in 1862.

Floyd Guards -Organized on April 20,1861 -Transfened as Co. K, 2nd VA Infantry before June 30' 1861.

Band - Discharged before August 31, 1862.

The 1 st Virginia Infantry's staff officers during the war period were:

Dooley, John, Major Fry, William H., Lieutenant Colonel Langley, Francis H., MajorELieutenant Colonel Moore, Patrick, Colonel Munford, William P., Major Norton, George F., Major Palmer, Williani H., Major Skinner, Frederick G., MajoM,ieutenant Colonel Williams, Lewis 8., Colonel

The 1 st Virginia Infantry participated in the following battles and engagements:

Blackbum Ford, VA -July 18,1861 1 st Manassas, VA -July 21,1861 Yorktown Siege - April-May, 1862 Williansburg, VA -May 5, 1862 Seven Pines, VA -May 31-June 1,1862 Seven Days Campaign -June 25-July 1, 1862 Frayser's Farm, VA - June 30, 1862 2nd Manassas, VA - August 28-30, 1862 South Mountain, MD -September 14,1862 Shapsburg, MD - September 17, 1862 Fredericksburg, VA -December 13,1862 Suffolk, VA Campaign - April-May, 1863 Gettysburg, PA -July 1 -3, 1863 Plymouth, NC -April 17-20,1864 Drewry's Bluff, VA -May 16,1864 Howlett House, VA - May 18, 1864 North Arma, VA - May 22-26, I 864 Cold Harbor, VA -June I-3,1864 Clay Farm, VA -June 16,1863 Petersburg, VA Siege - June 1864-April 1865

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2nd V|®®® a In fan y

Brief History of the Regiment

The nucleus of this regiment was the 2nd Regt. Va. VoLs., organized June 8, 1860, from the volunteer militia companies of the S5th Regt. (Jefferson Count!) Va. Militia. The 2nd Virginia Infantry served with great distinction under "Stonewam" Jackson up until the time of his death. The regiment served in a great amny other engagements until the close of the war.

Colonels of the regiment included James W. Allen (killed 6#7/62), Lawson Botts (mortally wounded 8#8/62), Raleigh T. Colston (mortauy wounded llre7/62), John Q.A. Nadenbousch (wounded and resigned 4/12/64), William W. Rando]ph (killed 5/5/64), Charles H. Steward, and Joseph J. Jenkius.

Companies:

• A - Jefferson Guards (Jefferson Co_.)

• 8 - Hamtrack Guards (Jefferson Co.)

• C - Nelson Guards (Clarke Co.)

• D - Berkeley Border Guards (Berkeley Co.)

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• E - Hedgesville Blues (Berkeley Co.)

• F - Winchester Rifles (Frederick Co.)

• G - Botts Grays (Jefferson Co.)

• H - Letcher Riflemen (Jefferson Co.)

• I - C]arke Riflemen (Clarke Co.)

• K - F]oyd Guards (Jefferson Co.)

For more detailed information on this regiment, and the men who fought in it, I recommend the

2nd Virginia lnif ;antry by Dennis Frye

Available from

The VirE!in.ia Rerimental Histories Series

The United States Armv Mi]itarv Historv Instit t s Guide to further references concerningI the 2nd Virginia Infant IEdward Clarence Shepherd - From VI\H The Vir inia Civil War Home Pa IThe West Virginia Civil War Home Page orward the Colors to the Vir inia Re imenta] Histories Series

These pages authored and maintained by Robert H. Moore. 11. ©1997 & 1998 All rights reserved. Robert Moore, 11 and Joff:Jieyc.Weaver., H. E. Howard. Inc.

http://www.geocities.com/IIeartland/IIills/1850/2ndinf.html?20061 9/I/2006 History of the 17th Va. Infantry

The arrival of the gunboat Powwee at Alexandria caused quite a bit of excitement. Concern arose over the increased possibility of an enemy advance from Washington. Guards were placed at the foot of Cameron Street to keep an eye on the blockading steamer. Those not on guard duty were regulady at drillbysquad,bycompany,andbybattalionutccasionallyunderthecommandofColonelTenett.

On May 18, another Irish company, the O'Comell Guard, was organized under Captain Stephen W. Prestman and composed largely of railroad workers. The j4/e"#drja Gazerre of May 23 carried an appeal for ladies to help make uniforms for the new company.

It was also on May 23,1861 that the polls opened in Alexandria for the purpose of voting on ratification of the ordirmce of secession. Only 106 voted in opposition, while 983 ratified the ordinance. By 2 a.in. on the 24th, Union troops had crossed the Potomac RIver bridges into Virginia. Steamers canying the llth New York Fire Zouaves under Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth arrived at the foot of King Street. As the Zounveslanded,picketsfiredshotswamingoftheenemy'sapproachandbeganfallingbacktowardthe city. At about 3 a.in., Captain Simpson rushed to his Warren Rifles: "Wake up, boys! They are coming! By George, they are across the bridge!"

Lieutenant Reigart a. Lowry, U. S. Navy, left the Pawlee about 4:30 a.in. to meet with Colonel Tenett and demand the surrender of Alexandria. The sunender was refused and Tenett armounced he would evacuate the city. He ordered the battalion to assemble at Lyceum Hall and await further orders. LearningoftheenemyapproachbyWashingtonStreet,thebattalionwasorderedtodepartbywayof Duke Street at about 6:50 a.in. The Old Dominion RIfles were almost captured at Peyton's Grove when they were late getting the order. Captain Herbert managed to get his riflemen up to the retreating column as it moved westward on Duke Street and avoided their capture. As they evacuated the city, they were told that James Jackson had killed Col. Ellsw_orth and was, himself, killed instantly by Pvt. Francis BrownellwhileattemptingtoretrievetheConfederateflagEllsworthhadremovedfromthercofofthe MfrlshiaLI\L;ri:iud;-;;viii-Jfr;;;iirde~;-;;iir;-;ijircir;irliih;;gun.BrowneiiF:--ifass.ign_riife:,api€ceIfyhecqpiured House. [Th; Swiithsonian Institution has an ercellent_ _o:If :Itilt_e_expibit 2.i the ¥arsha^ll.House.

#aga#db/oods/ol.#ed/oorcover./JustwestoftheOrangeandAlexandriaRailroaddepot,Tenett's cormrmd stopped several trains returning from the Springfield Station. The entire command boarded trains and traveled 27 miles to Manassas Junction.

BACK TO TOP

The Ten Companies of the 17th Virginia Infantry as reorganized at Manassas Junction on June 10, 1861

Presertlfior P,csen' at Company First Coxpany Date & Servlee Muster Duty Surender DesignLq[fron and Commander ocedon Date & Location uno 30, April 9' Name 1861 186S

Company A-The April 17, 1861 - May 21, 1861 - Alemndrin _C-a-pt-. Mor-ton Marye Alexandria Alexandria RIflemen Company E+The Cap_t_.__Ro_b_e_rlH.. Apri, 18' 1861 - May 26, 1861 - Warren Rifles S_i_mp_a_0_T] Winchester Pickens Company C-The Capt. Charles 8. April 22, 1861 - May 23, 1861 - Loudoun Guard Tebbs Leesbur A]exaDdria

Company D-The Cat)t. William H. April 28 ,1861 - May 21,1861 -

http://www.fairfuxrifles.org/history.html 10/19/2006 Principle Actions of the 17th Virginia Infantry

Action Locafron F_ai_[fa~x_CLH_._,Va. Skirmish 'arrertton Rapes Only) Punel„6l un Run, Va. (Blackburn's Battle old) [uly,8„6l Battle illiamsburg, Va. Battle Yen Pines, Va. Battle aines' Miu, Va. une 26, 1862 Battle razier's Farm, Va. une 27, 1862 Battle ond Mamssas, Va. ugust 30, 1862 nsboro, Md. (South Battle ountaiD) Li=emberl4m62 Battle F¥Fesfab#.Md beptemberi6-i7„2 Battle redericksburg, Va. ember 12 - 15, 1862

uffolk. Va. pril 15 -May 3. 1863 Skirmish aDassas Gap. Va. uly 20' 1863 hay://www.fairfaltrifles.org/history.html 10/19/2006 5th Virginia Infantry uDitstofomWi][inTeTry'sBrigade,whichwithJohn8.Gordon'sdivision,servedwithJuba]Earlyin theShenandoahValtry.Aft€rCedarCrcekthebrigadewasseDtintothelinesatPetersburg,wherethey were in the battles of Hateher's Run and Fort Stedman. Only 47 or the 5th Virdnia were parom at Appomattol Court House. 5602,10 Companies:

• A - Marion Rifles (Frederick Co.) • 8 - Rockbridge Rifles a.exington, Rockbridge Co.) • C - Mountain Guard (A_ugu~s.t_a_ C_o_.) • D - Southern Guard (Ap_g±_s_ta__C_Q.) • E -Augusta Grays (ALu_gu_s±a_C.o.) • F - West View Infantry (At!g_u_sta _Co!) • G - Staunton Rifles (A_ug.u_§±`a_CQ_.) • H -Augusta Rifles (Au_gusta__C.o_.) • I - Ready Rifles of Augusta County (A_u_g!±s±_a_£p.) • K - Continental Morgan Guards (Winchester, F[e.d_e_[i_ck_C_o.) • L - West Augusta Guard (_A~u_ggiva_€_o_.) • M - Union Greys/Southern Grays (A_ugus_t_a _Co.) • Fifth Regiment Band

For more defaited information on this pegineDt, and the men who fought in it, I recommend the

5th Virginia lnifiantry by Lee A. Wauace

Available from

I+EJzirginia._R_egitp_enfa]__Hist_or~i_e_s_S_e_ries

Pvt. John J. Rhodes _(PbQtQgr_ap.h).

yir_g±nia__C_rry~i]__vyar_H_o_in_e__P_a_g_e

Forwardthe_Co]orstothevirgi_p_ia_Begimenta]_H_i_s_tQtLe_s_S_e.r_i_es

These pages qLuthored and unirfuined ly Bgbetl H._M_o_o_r£, 11, ©1998 All Tights reserved. Robert Moore, 11 and Jef i iey C. Weaver., H_._ELHo_rvar_d._I_n£_.--iri2 BOx 496H

Appomufrox, Virginia 24522

http://www.geceities.com/Heartland/IIills/1850/5thvainf.htmlca00729 ir2iol2!Njri 12th Virginia Infantry Organization Page 1 of 3 lath ViFstnia lnfant#ys Company 8

35hif2_I_q9 Site News Navigation Organization of the 12th Virginia Regiment Updated: 1/15/07 History 12th's Weisiger, David A., Colonel 1861-1864 (to Brigadier General May 31, History 1864) Organizatioi` Events Historical Field, Everard, Colonel,1864-1865 lma9es ull Calendar of Events AI,Out Us The 12th Virginia Regiment was organized near Norfolk in early May, 12th VA 1861. The nucleus of this regiment was the 4th Battalion, Virginia Today Sunday, January 28, Ladies a Volunteers, formed in Petersburg by January 7,1861. This battalion, Civiliar's under Major Weisiger, was comprised of the following companies when it 2007 Wlleat'S left Petersburg for Norfolk on April 20, 1861 : Civi_I_]inplanning Tioers Field Meeting HOspital (3:00pm) Petersburg City Guard, Company A; organized 1828; Captain John Enlist Now! Thursday, February 8 , F®rms Pegram May llenry l{idd's 2007 Art Monthly Meeting Pictures (7:00pm) Picture Saturday, February 10, Gallery Appomattox 2007 ZOOS School of the Bei`tonville §--6-i-d-i;r(3:00am) 2005 Gettysburg 2004 Sunday, February 1 1 , Wheat Memorial 2007 Bernard Uniform More Pictu,es For Members Calendar Member Info uniform Guidelines Policies Links

A pre-war image of members of the Petersburg City Guard. From William Henderson's regimental history.

An 1862 image of the Petersburg City Guard. From William Henderson's regimental history.

http://www.12thvirginia.orgthistorg.htm 1/2:]/2fjfjn 12th virginia Infantry organization ~ Page 2 of 3

Petersburg Grays, Company a; organized 1828; Captain Fletcher H. Archer

Petersburg New Grays, Company C;

Lafayette Guard, Company D; organized prior to January,1861; Captain William H. Jarvis

Petersburg Riflemen, Company E; organized December 1, 1859; Captain Dodson

Later, this would be the final organization of the regiment:

Petersburg Artillery; organized March 1862; Captain Branch (Many men from the Lafayette Guards transferred into this unit, resulting in the Lafayette Guards being filled with conscripts from Patrick County.)

The Petersburg Artillery was detached from the 4th Battalion the day following their arrival at Norfolk. The 12th Virginia Regiment was accepted into service of the Confederate States on July 1,1861, and was reorganized May 3, 1862.

Company A, Petersburg City Guard; light infantry; enlisted April 19, 1861, for one year; reorganized May 1, 1862. Captains: John Pegram May (to Major: killed August 30, 1862), Charles E. Waddell.

Company 8, Petersburg Grays, Company A: light infantry, enlisted April 19, 1861, for one year: reorganized May 1, 1862. Captains: John Lyon, Robert R. Bowden, Thomas P. Pollard.

Company C, Petersburg New Grays, Company a; light infantry; enlisted April 19, 1861, for one year; reorganized May 1, 1862. Captains: Thomas H. Hood, Louis L. Marks, Stephen G. White.

Company D, Lafayette Guard, Petersburg; light infantry; enlisted April 19, 1861; reorganized May 1,1862. Captains: William H. Jarvis, James P Critz, James E. Tyler.

Company E, Petersburg Riflemen; light infantry; enlisted April 19, 1861, for one year; reorganized May 1, 1862. Captains: Daniel Dodson, Robert Banks, John R. Patterson.

Company F, Hufer Grays, Hicks ford (now Emporia), Greenville County; organized April, 1861 enlisted at Hicks ford, June 6, 1861, for one year; reorganized May 1, 1862.

Company G, Richmond Grays, Richmond; formerly Company A, 1st Regiment Virginia Volunteers; enlisted April 19, 1861, for one year; on detached service when lst Regiment Virginia Volunteers was accepted into Confederate States service and company was accepted as of this regiment; company reorganized May 1, 1862; reported as of the 12th Regiment on returns for July and August, 1861, though company was mustered as of the lst Regiment. Captains: Wyatt M. EIliott, Jacob V. Crawford, Edwjn White Branch (killed August 1, 1863), Robert Mayo, Jr,

Company H, Norfolk Junior Volunteers, Norfolk; formerly Captain http://www.12thvirginia.org/historg.htm \12:J/2fJffl 12th virginia Infantry organization --` Page 3 of 3

Fergusson's Company, 6th Regiment Virginia Volunteers; organized 1802; enlisted April 19, 1861, for one year; mustered while in State service as of the 6th Regiment, and was accepted into Confederate States service as Company H, 12th Regiment. Captains: Finley F Fergusson, Thomas F. Owens (elected April, 1862).

Company I (1st), Hargrove Blues, Dinwiddie County; enlisted June 11, 1861, for one year; reorganized May 1, 1862; dropped from regimental return May, 1862; detached from 12th Regiment and Company I (2nd) substituted, as announced by S. 0. No. 129, A&IGO., dated June 5, 1862, and served as an unattached company until assigned as Company H (2nd), 9th Regiment Virginia Infantry, per S. 0. 382, A&IGO., dated November 28, 1863. The records of the company indicate that it belonged to the 12th Regiment until the time of that regiments's reorganization. Captains: Arthur M. Goodwyn, Archibald a. Goodwyn.

Company I (2nd), Captain Richard W. Jones' Company; enlisted February 22, 1862, for the war, and mustered in April 30, 1862, as attached to this regiment; company substituted for Company I (1st) per S. 0. No.129, A&IGO., dated June 5, 1862.

Company K, Archer's Rifles, Petersburg; riflemen; organized May 4, 1861, for one year; reorganized May 1, 1862. Captains: Fletcher H. Archer (organized company; to ueutenant Colonel May 5, 1861, and assigned to 3rd Regiment Virginia Volunteers), John R. Lewellen, John T. Clements.

Captain James R. Branch's Company, Lee's Life Guard, Petersburg; enlisted May 11,1861, for one year; mustered as of this regiment while in State service. When accepted into Confederate States service, the company was assigned as Company K, 16th Regiment Virginia Volunteers and was subsequently transfered to the artillery arm of the service per S. 0. No. 62, A&IGO., dated March 10, 1862, finally serving as Captain Richard D. Pegram's Company Virginia Light Artillery.

^t'out us Pictures For Members

http://www.12thvirginia.org/historg.htm |/2:J12:NfJn West Virginia 1289

AttheendofApril1865,thestatehadinstore1,580caliber.69Belgianrifledmusketsand 839smoothboremuskets,caliber.69,plusasmallstockofotherarmsandaccoutementsfor 2,851men.AttheendofSeptember1869thefollowingsmallarmsandaccoutementswereon hand: 820 muskets; 820 cap pouches, cartridge boxes and plates, waist belts with plates, cartridgeboxshoulderbeltplates;43carbinecartridgeboxes;and38swordbayonets.Eighty muskets and sets of accoutements were reported that year as having been issued to the Vosburg Zouaves of Martinsburg.

Insignia and Flags

The Great Seal of West Virginia was adopted 26 September 1863. The ams it displayed showed a rock bearing the inscription "June 20, 1863" and surrounded by symbols of agricultureandindustry.Totherightoftherockstoodafarmerinahunting-shin,holdingan axe,andonitsleft,aminerwithpickax.Infrontofalltheselaytwocrossedrifledandaliberty cap. The motto was "Montani Semper Liberi." Thissealappearedonthetitlepageofthe1864JtepowofthestateAdjutantGeneral,butit wasnotusedonanyinsigniaorbuttonsinourperiod.ItisprobablethatVirginiadeviceswere wombysomeoftheearlycompaniesbutbyandlargeWestVirginiatroopsusedU.S.Army insignia exclusively. West Virginia adopted no state flag during our period. The legislature, however, on 28 Januay1864,adoptedaresolutionauthorizingandrequestingthegovemortopresenttothe 4thRegimentWestVirginiaVolunteerlnfantry,aflag"adaptedtotheiramofservice,"and "withthecoatofamsoftheState.'.Battlehonorsweretobeplaced"legiblythereupon,"and these were enumerated. From 1862 to 1864 the legislature adopted resolutions authorizing the governor to present colors to ten regiments. The first of these flags was authorized on 13 May 1862, for the lst Regiment of Virginia Infantry. On it was to be inscribed "Winchester," as "a testimony of approbation from loyal Virginia." On 4 February 1863, a color was authorized for the 7th Infantry Regiment, with "Seventh (Union) Virginia Volunteers, Antietan, September 17th, 1862," on one side, and on the other: "Fredericksburg, Dec. 13th, 1862." The 7th Regiment was authorized another flag on 25 January 1864. Other flags provided were: lst Cavalry (1864), loth Infantry (1864), 6th Cavalry (1864), 7th Cavalry (formerly the 8th Infantry, 1864), and the 5th Cavalry (1864). All regiments eventually received colors. Theflagspresentedtothestate'sregimentshavebeendescribedasbeingofdeepbluesilk withgoldffinge,andsixfeetsquare.Inthecenteroftheobversewasthecoatofamsofthe state without the encircling motto or none. These were placed upon a long scroll below the coatofams.Onthereversesidewasaspreadeaglemeasuring44inchesbetweenwingtips. Itsrighttalonheldasheafofanowsandintheleftwasanolivebranch.Afloatingscrollwith •`E. Pluribus Union" was held in the beak of the eagle. 1290

5q.. uS W,

ORDER OF BATTLE /confl.nued/

ORDER 0F BATITJ3 (All commands were desigm¢ed ``Vinginia Volunteers" until 1863.)

VOLUNTEER CAVALRY (Issued US T.8 caw clothing unless otherwise noted.) • lstRcgt 1861-1865 /t> J862: Starr carbine, Colt any revolver, M1860 saber. /86?-/864.. Bunside and spcncercarbines; M1840 and M1860 sabers. /n /86J had "Piof. Carl Colby's famous silver cornet band, all lnounted on milk-white horses." • 2nd Rcgt i86i-i865 2o /862.. Enficld and "light Ffench'. rifles; Smith carbine; Colt any revolver, M1840 and M1860 sabers. /863.. Smith carbine. /864.. Spcnccr, Sharps and Smith carbines; Colt any revolver; M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 3rd Rcg. i862-i865 go /862-/86j.. Shal|is and smith carbines; Col( army revolver; M1840 and M1860 sabers. /864.. "light French" rifle; Shaps, Sfnith and Spcnccr carbines. B`imside bfeechloading catbines. ® 4thRcgt 6 mos. 1863-1864 «? /86j.. Sndth carbine; Belgian musket; M1840 s&bcr. • 5th Regt: see 2nd Imf Rcg. • 6tb Rcgt: see 3rd Imf Rcgt • 7th Regt: see 8th Imf Rcgt

5° (Some 35 indcpcndeDt camps of lnounted scouts were nised as state troops 1863-1865, for tefTns of 6 fnonths or more.)

VOLUNTEER ALRITLIERY

• lst Regt Light Arty (comprised 8 light btrys, desigmted A-H and ofen by mmes of their comlnanders) 1862-1865 60 Issued US reg ligfro arty clothing. /862-/86j.. all comps e]ccpl G par(ially alined with revolvers. cav and arty sabers; Camp G hnd revolvers only.

ap voLut`ITEER INI?ANTRY (All irif commands wore lJS res try clashing) • lst Rcg( (consol with 4th lnf Rcgt and reongan; lst virginia lnf) 1861-1864 2nd Rcgt vcccmn 1864-1865 lnitiauy without uniforms and accoutennents; M 1842 musket. IVov. /86/ .. issued clothing, anns and colors. /862.. Enfield rifle. Springfield rifled muskets, ^usthan rifled musket, cat .54 or .55. /863-/&64.. Enfield rifle. • 2nd Rcgt (mounted in l863; fedesig) 1861-1864 5th cav Rcgt (consol with 6th cav Rcgt) 1864 /862.. M1842 rifled muckct, Enfield rifle. J864.. Eofield rifle; later light French rifle; Spcncer, Smith, Jo§lyn and GalJngher cartiines; no sabers. • 3rd Rest (neuned in l863: redesig) 1861-1864 6th cav Rcgt 1864-1865 hitially issued conversions. /862.. Enfield rifle. /864.. ljeht Ffencl] rifle; M 1840 and M 1860 sabers. Inadequac &ms and equipmcDt led to its capture &t New Crock (1864). • 4th Rcgt (consol with lsl Inf Rcgt) 1861-1864 Initially issued M1842 musket. /862.. Enficld rifle. /863.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 5th Rcgt (consol with 9th lnf Regt and r\eongan) 1861-1864 lst Rcgt Veteran 1864-1865 /862-/863.. Enficld rifle. • 6th Rcgt (raised exclusively for use as railway guards) 1861-1865 J862-/864.. Enficld rifle. 1291

ORDER OF BATTLE /co"il.nwed/

• 7th Regt (Union Virginia Vols) 1861-1863 7th Bn 1863-1865 /862-J863.. EinfLeld rifle; Springfield rifled muskets. /864.. amcd with Henry rifle in honor of its gallantry at Ream.s Station. • 8th Rest (mounted in 1863; redesig) 1861-1864 7th Cav Regt 1864-1865 /862.. Erfield rifle. /864.. Colt any revolver; M1840 and M1860 sabers. • 9th Regt (consol with 5th lnf Regt) 1861-1864 /862-/863.. Enfield rifles. some with saber bayonets. 10thRe8t 1861-1865 /862-/864.. Enfield rifle. • llthRegt 1862-1865 /862-/864.. Enfield rifles, some with saber bayonets. ® 12thRe8t 1862-1865 /862-/864.. Enfield rifle. /86j.. presented spcciaJ color for gallantry at FOTt Gregg, Va. • 13thReg' 1862-1865 /862-/864.. M1842 rifled musket; Springfield rifled muskets. ® 14thRe8t 1862-1865 J862-/864.. Enfield rifle. • 15thRe8t 1862-1865 /862-/664.. Enfield rifle. • 16th Regt (disb) 1862-1863 Issued M1842 musket. • 17thRegt 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • Exempts' Bn 1862-1865 /863.. Enfield rifle. • West's Independent Bn 1862-1865 /86j.. Enfield rifle. SO (There were, in addition, an undetermined number of independent comps of State Guards aLnd Hofne Guards. In 1865. all compsapparentlyworeUSreginfclothingandaccouterments;carriedSpringfieldrifledmusketsandBelgianrifledmuskcts, cat .69.)

SOUR:CES

ThomasH.MCKee,"MilitayAffiirsinWes(Virginia,"inrhcUni.onAmy,Madison,Wis.,1908,11,288-309. Adjutant General, West Virginia, An#co/ Reports. 1863-1870. Theodore F. Lang, Ioya/ WcsJ VI.rgl.in.afom /86J lo /865 ..., Baltimore, Md.,1895. AdjutantGeneral,U.S.,O#cl.a/ArnyRcgi.sfcro/lheVo/wnfccrForce...,Washington,D.C.,1865,partIV. Boyd 8. Stutter, Wee/ VI.rgl.nl.a I.n fhe CI.vl./ War, Charleston, West Virginia, 1963. Department of Archives and History, West Virginia, Ann..a/ Jicporr, 1906.

n. James D. Hupp, fomer State Historian, the late Boyd 8. Stutler of Charleston, West Virginia, and the late Delf Norona generously supplied much useful information for this chapter. 1292

Fig. 396. Private Frederick Lythson, Company H, 2nd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry,1861, in state issue gray uniform. Photograph courtesy of Lance Herdegen. Wisconsin 1305

`-,

agreedwiththeprovisionsOftheRevisedRegulationsof1861.MostwerefumishedbyGilbert Hubbard&Co.Of Chicago.Thenationalcolorshadtheirstarspaintedingoldinsixhorizontal rows, viz: 5,6,6,6,6,5. The regimental designation was painted in gold on the center stripe. The blue regimental colors bore the U.S. seal, painted in the center over a simple light red scroll bearing the unit designation in gold. Beginning with the 9th Regiment through the l9th (and including the reorganized lst), a blu; scroll with the gold letters "FORWARD" was placed over the seal as well. Withtheret`mofseveralwomcolorsin1863,legislationwasadoptedtoprovideeachunit with a new set, and a state flag was adopted as a substitute for the regimental color of this set. Gilbert Hubbard & Co. successfully outbid its competitors for providing these. flags. The national color at fust bore its stars in six horizontal rows, first 6,6,5,6.6,6, but later 6,5,6,6,6,6. In 1865 this was changed to seven rows of five stars each. The regimental designationwaspaintedingolduponthecenterstripe,andbattlehonorswerelikewisepainted in gold (usually two rows to a stripe) on the red stripe or stripes below it. The state flag was dark blue, the same size and description as the old regimental colors except that it bore a gilt edged gray-blue disc in its center. On the observe this disc bore a full color representation of de 1851 state seal , the sailor dressed in blue, the yeoman with a red shin and black pants. "E. PLURIBUS UNUM" was deleted from the red scroll in the seal, but the scroll remained. On a similar disc on the reverse, the United States arms were painted with the U.S. motto in a red ysrolleninatingfromthebeakoftheeagle.Theregimentaldesignationwaspaintedingoldon `ife mpleredscrollbeneaththesediscs,onbothsidesoftheflag.Atleastonestatecolor(thatof 17th Infantry) was ordered with battle-honors inscribed thereupon.

In 1864 the governor attempted to secure these colors through the U.S. Quartermaster- General. When that office refused to provide anything other than "regulation" flags, the legislatureadoptednewenactmentsthatpermittedthegovemortocontinuetosupp]ythestate flag. National and state flags were accordingly finished by the state until the end of the war. These flags are now displayed in the Capitol museum in Madison. cO.. a,a fu!±

ORDER oF BATILE: VOLUNTEER hmlnA

• Milwaukee vol Bn (absorbed) to 1863 /a lst Milith Regt (Milwaukee and the southeast) 1863-1866 dso 39th Vol hi Reg( Fed scrv: loo days, 1864 (continued as independent comps 1866-1870) let Rcgt Stde Militia 1870 (Included Milwaukee Light Gund, Juncau Guard, Union Guards, BIack Yagcr Rifles, Milwaiikee Cadets, Montgomery G`Lard, Milwaukee RiflcmcD, City lhagcous, Washington Arty) Camps initiauy distinctively clothed. Mi./warfec ff.gfu Gi.and, drc4S unlror7n.. blue double-beasled .ail coat, fbecd and pipedwithwhite,whiteepaulets;bluepantswithwhitestripe;bcarskinhatwithgoldtassclsordresscapwithredpompon; white cro§§ belts; qfficcrir, black collar, led plume on cap. Fan.gAre uni/or" gray freek coat and pants thmnrd with red; same cap and belts as atrove. Bq`andchicflywithM1822altaedmusLet;riflccompswithM1841rifle;CadctsandArtywithmuskctcon;rmgrms with flintlock pistol and M1840 dragoon saber. ' A4 /SiA/I./I.rfe Rcg/, /663-/866.. Us reg infclothing lminJy. Armed chiefly with Garibaldi rifle musket. A$ 39iA Vo//rf

~ Jtcgl.. Enfield rifle muskets. 1306

ORDER oF BATTLE /cO#f!."wed/

(The militia co[nmands below are believed to have won US reg inf or arty clothing, in part at least.)

• 2nd Militin Rcg( (Fond du LAc and east central; cousol with 4th Rcgt for Fed scrv in 1864) 1863-1866 `°also#v:]!th]rfGRi:a'dirifromusket. Fed selv: loo days. 1864 Amcd with EnfLeld rifle-musket. • 3rd Militia Regr (Mndison and south central) 1863-1866 30 Amed widi a hixture of Garibaldi, Belgian and Austrian rifle muskets. dso 40th Vol lnf Rcgt Fed serv: loo days, 1864 Amed with Enfield rifle musket. • 4th Militia Regt (I+ancaster and the southwest; consol with 2nd Rcgt for Fed scf`r in 1864) 1863-1866 t/a Aflned chiefly with Belgian rifle musket. • 5th Militia Regt (Northwest) 1863-1866 5° Amed with Austhan and Garibaldi rifle muskets. • Wisconsin Militia Arty 1863-1866 (?) G£) Amed with M184l rifle, M1840 light arty saber, and 6-pdr smoothbore bronze field guns.

VOLUNTEER CAVALRY

(Unifomed in US reg cav clothing and usually wore black felt hat and unifor[n jacket.) • lst Rest 1861-1865

?a) /862.. M184l rifle, Ilefaucheun, Starr, and Savage revolvers; M1840 and M1860 sabers. /863.. Maymrd and Merrill carbine; Colt, Ilefaucheur, Savage, and Starr army revolvers. /864.. Jeslyn, Sharps and Warmer cachines; r Rcmington, and starr (all cad.44) revolvcrs. /86j.. Spencer carbine. _ • 2nd Rcgt (Washbum cav) 1861-1865

&o Wore soft black felt hat during much of its service. /862.. Enfield rifle. Hall and Austrian cartiine§; Iffaucheun and savage revolvers; M1840 and M 1860 sabers. /863.. Shalps carbine; Savage and Colt army revolvers. /864.. Bumside cartiin€; Colt any and navy revolvers, Remington any revolver. • 3rd Rcgr i86i-i865 c}o /862.. Mcrill carbine; Lefapcheux revolver; M 1840 saber. /86?.. Mcrrill cafbine; Colt and Remington any rcvolvcrs. /8".. Cosmopolitan, Mcrill, and Gallagher carbines; Colt, Remington, and Lefaucheun army revolvers; M 1840 and M1860 sabers. • 4th Rest (formerly 4th Imf Regt) 1863-1866 /ac) /86J.. Bumside calbine; Remington army revolver, M1860 saber. /864.. Bumside and Sharps carbines; Colt and Rcmington af[ny revolvers; M 1840 and M1860 sabers. • Milwaukcc Cav Comp (assigned to Benton Hussars, Missouri Cav, as Comp D) //a /20 VOLUNTEER ARmLERy

(Wore US reg heavy and ligh( arty clothing.) • lst Bn qucavy; rcorgan) 1863-1864 lst Rcgt queavy) 1864-1865 J864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

/joCrberewere12btrysoflightartynumberedlst-loth,12and13th,the1lthBtrybeinglmo\ArnasBtryL,lstlllinoisVolLight Arty Regt. These btrys were frequently designated by the naines of their commanders.)

voLur`ITEER INFANTRY

• let Rcgt (conso] with 2lst Imf Regt) 1861-1864

/fe Apn./ /86J.. iron gfay frock coat, pants and forage cap thmmed with black; officers wore blue frock coat and cap; gay ovcfcoat;redflannelshirt.A«g/86/..USreginfclothing.InitiallyissuedM1822altcredmusketwithM1855riflem.-.--t for flank comps; reg accouterments. /862-/863.. M 1842 rifled muskcl. 1307

ORDER oF BATTLE /cO#finwed/

• 2Iid Rcgt (element of Iron Brig; Teduccd) 1861-1864 Indcpcndcnt Bn, 2nd Regt (consol with 6th lnf Regr) 1864 is®Ipitiallyissuedstalegrayfrockcoat,gnypants.gnycap;Ausdianrifledmuskct,cat.54or.55.Officcrsworebluefieek coatfordress.Awg/86/..blueinfclothing.Way/862..issuedlroDBrigdfess(sec6thlnfRegt).Band..longdarkbluesack coat, daT]c blue pants, small black felt tut. J86j: Enficld rifle. • 3rd Rest 1861-1865 6o:£o:yo;Ses#s.S:ctep,T#[thi£#Zpuansts::,:::i:TH==:s:T#an£:p::G::Tint:art:sacw];th# M 1842 rifled musket. /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 4th Rcgt (reorgan as 4th cav Regt, a.v.) 1861-1863

7olnitiallyissuedstategrayjackeI,pants,andforagecap;Tc|ilacedwithblueclothingc.Aug1861.InitiallyiesindM1842 musket and M1855 rifle musket. /862.. M1842 rifled muckct; Sharps heechloading rifle. • 5th Rcgr i86i-i865 /6°Li:pyj=#i:Tckgzi:¥e':=ts=#ofire¥gra:yc=¥:e:a:db:I;.E=D=urity:»#w¥:+:I:i:::iniee:; dinLnd yellow). Replaced with blue clothing c. Aug 1861. Issued Austian rifled musket, cat .54 or .55. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 6th Regr (clement of Iron Brig) 1861-1865 /4o hitially issued state gray jacket, pants, and forge cap qinmed with black (or green for Camp A); blue flaimcl shirt. Replaced with blue clothing Sept 1861. Issued "Belctan musket," latcT replaced with M 186l rifle musket. May /862.. issuedhoDBrigdrcss:USreginffulldressincludingwhiteglovesandblackfelthatwithfeathea,whitecanvasleggings; ofen wore blue fndgue coat in battle. /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. r~,, /th Rest (clement of hen Brig) 1861-1865 2ct, Initially issued state grayjacket, pants, and fonge cap. Replaced with blue clothing c. Sep( 1861. Way J862.. issued hob Brig dress (see 6th Imf Regt). Initially issued "slnoothbone musket." /862.. Austrian rifled musket, cat .54 or .55. /863-/86¢.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 8th Reg( (Eagle Regt) 1861-1865

4 ,a Initially issued state gay jacket, pants and fomgc cap. tirmed with black. Sky blue ovcfcoat. Inidally issued M1822 altered muske(. /an /862.. blue inf jacket, Sky blue pants, hal and other US reg clothing. /862-/863.. Enfield rine. /864.. SpriDgficld rifled muskets. This regr carried a uvc catle as part Of the color party in all its forrmtious. ego(Ihe9th.16thlnfRegtswcrcissuedstatebluec]othingwhichgcneTal]yconespondedtoUSreginfdress,cxceptcoatswcre 5.button sacks with standing collar, edged sky-blue.)

• 9th Rest (lst Gcman Rcg() 1861-1865 Initially: 6 comps Belgian rifled musket. cat .58; 4 coups besdcn rifles. 1863-1864: Enfield rifle. • loth Rcgt (consol with 2lst lnf Rcgt) 1861-1864 Initially:2compsrifledmuskcts;8compsM1822alecredmuskct./862..M1842musket./863..M1842rifledmuskctand Ausdin, cat .58 rifle m`isket. • llth Rcgt 1861-1865 hitially: 2 comps rifled musket; 8 coups M1822 altered musket. /663-/864.. amed largely with Enfield rifle. • 12th Reg( (Marching Twelf(h) 1861-1865 hitially issued Dbesden rifles. /862-/863.. Dpesden-belgian rifled musket, cat .58; Enficld rifle; M1863 rifle musket. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 13th Rcgt 1861-1865 Iniouy is§ut besden rifles. /862-/863.. Dresden-Belgian rifled mus][ct, cat .58. J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. Band.. wore long sack coat, sky blue pants, forage cap. • 14th Regt (Nofthwestem Regt; Wisconsin Regulars) 1861-1865 Ihesdcn rifles received Jar 1862. /862.. Dresden-Belgian rifled musket, cal .58. /86j.. Enficld rifle. /664.. Springficra ` ` ~r, rifled muskets. Issued black hats rather than forage caps in 1861. 1308

ORDER OF BATTLE /confi."wed/

• 15th Rcgt (Scandinavian Regt) 1861-1865 lDitiauyissuedDresdenriflcs./862..besden-Belgianrifledmusket,cat.58./86?-/864..Enfieldrifle.Carriedreg(color with stars and stripes on one side. and US and Nofwcgian ams united on other. • 16th Rcgt 1861-1865 Initially issued besden rifles. /862.. besden-Belgian rifled musket, cal .58. /86J.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets.

j3o (Imf rcgts hereafter issocd US leg imf clothing directly by US Any.)

• i7th Rc8t onsh Brig) i862-i865 Initially issued besden rifles. /862-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. Carried ``gleen hish flag" with other colors. • 18th Regt 1862-1865 hitially issued besdcn rifles. /862.. Drcsdcn.Bc]gian rifled musket, cal .58. /86j.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 19thRcgt 1862-1865 /862.. M1842 rifled musket. /86?-/864.. Springficld rifled muskets. ® 20thRegt 1862-1865 hitialJy issued Austhan rifles. /862-/863.. M 1842 rifled muskets. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 2ls'Regr 1862-1865 hitially issued Auschan rifles. /862.. Enfield rifle. /86j-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. In 1862 wore wide brimnnd felt hat with featlrer. • 22ndRegt 1862-`_ Edfield rifle. • 23rdReg( 1862-1865 /862-/863.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 24th Res. 04ilwaiikee Regt) 1862-1865 /862.. Austhan rifled musket, cat .58. /86J-/864.. Enficld rifle. • 25thRegr 1862-1865 /862.. Austhan rifled musket, cat .58. /863-/664.. Enficld rifle. • 26th Rest (2nd Geman Regt; Sigel Rcgt) 1862-1865 Enficld rifle. ® 27thRcgt 1862-1865 Enfi€ld rifle. ® 28thReg, 1862-1865 hitially: I camp Springfield rifle muskets; 9 camps Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 29thRegt 1862-1865 Springfield rifled muskets. ® 30thRe8' 1862-1865 /862-/86j.. besdcn and "Suhl" rifled muskets. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 3lstRcgt 1862-1865 /862.. M1842 musket. /86J-/664.. Enfield rifle. • 32ndRc8t 1862-1865 /862.. Enficld rifle. /86J-/864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 33rdRc8t 1862-1865 /662-/863.. Enfield rifle. /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 34th Rest (dmfted from militia) 9 mos, 1862-1863 "Prussian muckcts. "

® 35thRegt 1863-1866 /864.. Spriiigfield rifled muskets. 1309

ORDER OF BATTLE /conffrowcd/

® 36thRc8t 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 37thRc8' 1864-1865 /864.. Springfield rifled muskets. ® 38thRe8t 1864-1865 J864.. Springfield rifled muskets. • 39th Rest: scc VOLUNTEER hilllTIA • 40th Regt: see VOLUNTEER hdrlHA • 4lst Rcgt: see VOLUNTEER MILITIA • 42ndReg( J864.. EnfLcld rifle. • 43rdRc8I J864.. Enficld rifle. ® 44thReg' /864.. Enfield rifle. • 45th Regt (German Rcor) J864.. Erfield rifle. ® 46thRe8t • 47thRcgr ® 48thRe8t ® 49thRc8' 50th Rc8' ~. 52nd5 lst Reg'Rest

• 53rd Regt (conso] with 5lst Imf Rest)

SOURCES

Adjutant General, Wisconsin, A~n"/ Reports, 1852-1865. AdjutantGeneral,U.S.,O#cl.aJAmyRegi.sJcro/fheVo/wnleerForcc....Washington,D.C.,1867,partVII. Jerome A Watrous, "Military Amirs in Wisconsin," in 7ife Uni.on Army, Madison, Wis. ,1908. IV,18d6. Win. DeLoss Love, WI.Scousl.n I.n lhe War a//he Rcbc//I.on ,..., Chicago,Ill.,1866. tsanesa"ctB\®d\ey,ABibliograpkyofwisconsin'sparticipationinthewarBetweenthestates....Madison, Wis.' 1911.

We are indebted to the staff of the Adjutant General of Wisconsin for its help in preparing this chaper. The assistanceOfFrederickBenkovicandofpaulVanderbilt,formerlyoftheStateHistoricalSocietyofWiscousin,has beenmostvaluable.Wearea)soverymuchindebtedtoH.MichaelMadausforhisbringinguptodateandrevising this chapter.