DOCSLIB.ORG

PDF Download

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PDF Download Original Article PNIE 2021;2(1):42-52 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.1.42 pISSN 2765-2203, eISSN 2765-2211 Distribution of Fish Species in Wetland Protected Areas in South Korea Yeounsu Chu , Jungdo Yoon* , Kwang-Jin Cho , Mijeong Kim , Jeongcheol Lim , Changsu Lee Wetlands Research Team, Wetland Center, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea ABSTRACT In order to secure basic data on biodiversity for wetland conservation and management used the data from Wetland Protected Area surveys conducted in South Korea (2015-2019) to analyze the distribution of fish from a total of 15 orders, 45 families, 134 species, and 12,972 individuals. The predominant species identified were Zacco platypus (Temminck and Schlegel) (19.47%) and Zacco koreanus (Kim, Oh and Hosoya) (8.16%). Of all emergent species, 52.9% (n=71 species) were freshwater species, 26.9% (n=36) were brackish species, 3.0% (n=4) were migratory species, 27% (n=36) were marine species, and 9.0% (n=12) were riffle benthic species. Overall, 5.2% (n=7 species) were endangered species, 3.0% (n=4) were exotic species, and 23.1% (n=31) were Korean endemic species. The eight identified Wetland Protected Areas (WPA) were classified based on their habitat characteristics and on the analysis of their emergent fish communities, as estuarine (n=2), coastal dune (n=1), marsh (n=2), stream (n=2), and stream-marsh (n=1) types. The environmental factors revealed to have the greatest influence on the species diversity of emergent fish were maintenance and repair, installation of reservoirs, and construction of artificial wetlands around them. The present study offers basic information on the diversity of fish species in different Wetland Protected Area types that can be used to inform conservation and management decisions for WPA. Keywords: Biodiversity, Endangered species, Estuaries, Habitat, Ramsar convention, Rivers Introduction 25 inland wetlands, including Yongneup of Mt. Daeam, have been designated as Wetland Protected Areas (WPA) Wetlands are transition zones between terrestrial and by the Ministry of Environment in South Korea. Since aquatic ecosystems, and are recognized for their high bio- 2006, the Ministry of Environment has been conducting diversity and conservation value. National reports on the intensive surveys on the WPAs under Article 4 (Wetland roles of wetlands as habitats for migratory birds as well as Investigations), Article 5 (Formulation of Master Plans their roles in preserving biodiversity are being published for Wetland Conservation), and Article 11 (Formulation worldwide (Kim & Lee, 2015). and Implementation of Conservation Plans) of the Wet- Since the Wetland Conservation Act in 1999, a total of land Conservations Act. Currently, the National Institute of Ecology is performing the third WPA intensive survey (2016-2020) under Article 18 (Delegation and Entrust- Received September 10, 2020; Revised October 19, 2020; ment of Authority) of the Wetland Conservations Act. Accepted October 19, 2020 This study identified the emergent fish species in the *Corresponding author: Jung-do Yoon WPAs within inland wetlands. As the top predators of e-mail [email protected] aquatic ecosystems, fish are an important group that https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-5621 regulates the biological structures and functions within This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © National Institute of Ecology. All rights reserved. Fish Species in Wetland Protected Areas water bodies (An et al., 2001; An & Kim, 2005; Lee et al., characteristics of the fish species inhabiting the WPAs (Kim 2017; Shin et al., 2012). In wetlands, fish are not only the et al., 2016; 2017; Lim et al., 2019) (Fig. 1). These wet- higher-level consumers (Choi & Byeon, 2010) but they lands consisted of stream type wetlands (n=5) and marsh also dominate important niches at the center of wetland type wetlands (n=3) (Table 1). food chain, acting as both consumers and producers. In- Intensive surveys of the WPAs followed the monitor- habitation of rare and endangered species is an especially ing guidelines of the Ministry of Environment for Korean important factor when evaluating the value of domestic inland wetlands (ME, 2011). In large areas where general wetlands and their designation as protected areas. How- fish investigation methods (e.g., cast net and skimming ever, intensive surveys and focused research efforts are net) were not possible (e.g., the Han River estuary and needed because the environmental preferences of fish Nakdong River estuary), we enlisted the help of fisher- species can result in them having narrow distributions men to capture individuals using fixed shore nets, gill and small populations that are hard to detect (Engler et nets, dredge nets, and other methods. Species of captured al., 2004; Kim et al., 2018). Presently, information regard- individuals were either identified in the field and released ing the distribution of fish species in WPAs and the char- after recording the required data, or were fixed with 10% acteristics of such areas that serve as important habitats formalin and identified in lab if identification in the field for organisms is limited. was not possible. Fish species were identified with refer- This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the distribu- ence to Chae et al. (2019), Choi et al. (2002), Kim et al. tion of fish species that were identified during intensive (2005), and Kim and Park (2002), and the taxonomic se- surveys on the WPAs to compare and analyze their popu- quencing was based on the National Species List of Korea lation distribution and inhabitation characteristics based (NIBR, 2019). on wetland patterns. Here, we provide basic reference data that can be used to develop plans for the conserva- Data analysis tion, restoration, and management of future WPAs. We compiled a list of the fish species based on the re- ports of the intensive surveys conducted for the WPAs Materials and Methods to analyze the diversity and distribution of the emergent fish in the WPAs. We analyzed the fish community char- Research targets and methods acteristics and similarities using the diversity and popula- Among the 22 intensive surveys of the WPAs over the tion data of emergent fish, as well as the richness index last 5 years (2015-2019), we used the data for 8 wetlands (Margalef, 1958), dominance index (McNaughton, 1967), in 2016, 2017 and 2019 in which fish surveys had been evenness index (Pielou, 1975), and species diversity index conducted, to understand the diversity and distribution (Shannon & Weaver, 1963). 123 00'00'' 126 00'00'' 129 00'00'' 132 00'00'' 38 00'00'' Han River 00'00'' Estuary 38 Hanbando Duung Gonggumji 36 00'00'' 00'00'' Upo 36 Damyang stream Nakdong River Estuary Cimsil Fig. 1. Map showing the Wet- 34 land Protected Areas in which 00'00'' intensive surveys were conduct- 00'00'' 050 100 200 34 km ed in South Korea during 2015- 123 00'00'' 126 00'00'' 129 00'00'' 132 00'00'' 2019. https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.1.42 43 Yeounsu Chu et al. Table 1. Details of the WPA fish surveyed in South Korea 2016, 2017, 2019 Wetland name Date designated as a WPA Area (km2) Survey year Nakdong River Estuary Aug 9, 1999 37.718 2017 Upo Aug 9, 1999 8.609 2016 Duung Nov 1, 2002 0.067 2019 Damyang Stream July 8, 2004 0.981 2019 Han River Estuary Apr 17, 2006 60.668 2016 Gonggumji June 29, 2011 0.264 2019 Hanbando Jan 13, 2012 2.772 2019 Cimsil Nov 7, 2016 2.037 2019 WPA, Wetland Protected Area. All statistical analyses were performed using R (R ver- 9 species in the Duung wetland, 46 species in the Cimsil sion 3.5.2, R Core Team 2020). First, we performed a hier- wetland, and 36 species in the Hanbando wetland. The archical cluster analysis using the ‘hclust’ (method='ward. most species appeared in the mouth of the Nakdong River D2') function in the Vegan package to understand the estuary, and the proportion of marine fish species was relationship between wetland types (Bang et al., 2006) high. Next, the second most abundant species appeared and the fish community structure (Oksanen et al., 2020). in the Cimsil wetland (Table 2). The total species population of the collected individuals (S) The Nakdong River estuary, a partially-mixed estuary, was converted to log(S+1) to be used as the input data, has an estuary bank and coastal or bay characteristics that and the species that emerged in only one wetland were have enabled the high occurrence of marine fish species excluded from the analysis to eliminate regional specific- as well as the largest overall number of species. Blockage ity. of the freshwater inflow by the estuary bank had gradu- Second, we applied non-metric multidimensional scal- ally transformed the brackish water zone into a marine ing (NMDS) using the ‘metaMDS’ function in the Vegan environment; which is consistent with the observations of package (Oksanen et al., 2020), and analyzed the fish previous studies (Kang et al., 2012). community structure and relationship in the investigated On the other hand, the Han River estuary does not have sites using ordination methods. Again, we converted the an estuary bank, and the brackish water zone is extended species population data to log(S+1) to produce the input due to the direct influence of the tides. The Han River data for the analysis. We calculated the distance between estuary is a well-mixed estuary that maintains the typi- the investigation sites using the Bray-Curtis method (Bray cal ecosystem structure of estuaries along the Korean & Curtis, 1957).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Strategies for Conservation and Restoration of Freshwater Fish Species in Korea
    KOREAN JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY, Vol. 21 Supplement, 29-37, July 2009 Received : April 22, 2009 ISSN: 1225-8598 Revised : June 6, 2009 Accepted : June 20, 2009 Strategies for Conservation and Restoration of Freshwater Fish Species in Korea By Eon-Jong Kang*, In-Chul Bang1 and Hyun Yang2 Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-902, Korea 1Department of Marine Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea 2Institute of Biodiversity Research, Jeonju 561-211, Korea ABSTRACT The tiny fragment of freshwater body is providing home for huge biodiversity and resour- ces for the existence of human. The competing demand for freshwater have been increased rapidly and it caused the declination of biodiversity in recent decades. Unlike the natural process of extinction in gradual progress, the current species extinction is accelerated by human activity. As a result many fish species are already extinct or alive only in captivity in the world and about fifty eight animal species are in endangered in Korea including eighteen freshwater species. Conservation of biodiversity is the pro- cess by which the prevention of loss or damage is attained, and is often associated with management of the natural environment. The practical action is classified into in-situ, or ex-situ depending on the location of the conservation effort. Recovery means the process by which the status of endangerment is improved to persist in the wild by re-introduction of species from ex-situ conservation population into nature or translocation of some population. However there are a lot of restrictions to complete it and successful results are known very rare in case.
    [Show full text]
  • Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Acheilognathinae) from China
    Zootaxa 3790 (1): 165–176 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3790.1.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BD573A51-6656-4E86-87C2-2411443C38E5 Rhodeus albomarginatus, a new bitterling (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Acheilognathinae) from China FAN LI1,3 & RYOICHI ARAI2 1Institute of Biodiversity Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Zoology, University Museum, University of Tokyo, 7–3–1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo. 113-0033, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 3Corresponding author Abstract Rhodeus albomarginatus, new species, is described from the Lvjiang River, a tributary flowing into Poyang Lake of Yang- tze River basin, in Anhui Province, China. It is distinguished from all congeneric species by unique combination of char- acters: branched dorsal-fin rays 10; branched anal-fin rays 10–11; longest simple rays of dorsal and anal fins strong and stiff, distally segmented; pelvic fin rays i 6; longitudinal scale series 34–36; transverse scale series 11; pored scales 4–7; vertebrae 33–34; colour pattern of adult males (iris black, belly reddish-orange, central part of caudal fin red, dorsal and anal fins of males edged with white margin). Key words: Cyprinidae, Rhodeus albomarginatus, new species, Yangtze River, China Introduction Bitterling belong to the subfamily Acheilognathinae in Cyprinidae and include three genera, Acheilognathus, Rhodeus and Tanakia. The genus Rhodeus can be distinguished from the other two genera by having an incomplete lateral line, no barbels, and wing-like yolk sac projections in larvae (Arai & Akai, 1988).
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Download
    Original Article PNIE 2021;2(1):53-61 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.1.53 pISSN 2765-2203, eISSN 2765-2211 Microhabitat Characteristics Determine Fish Community Structure in a Small Stream (Yudeung Stream, South Korea) Jong-Yun Choi , Seong-Ki Kim , Jeong-Cheol Kim , Hyeon-Jeong Lee , Hyo-Jeong Kwon , Jong-Hak Yun* National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Korea ABSTRACT Distribution of fish community depends largely on environmental disturbance such as habitat change. In this study, we evaluated the impact of environmental variables and microhabitat patch types on fish distribution in Yudeung Stream at 15 sites between early May and late June 2019. We used non-metric multidimensional scaling to examine the distribution patterns of fish in each site. Gnathopogon strigatus, Squalidus gracilis majimae, Zacco koreanus, and Zacco platypus were associated with riffle and boulder areas, whereas Iksookimia koreensis, Acheilognathus koreensis, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Sarcocheilichthys nigripinnis morii, and Odontobutis interrupta were associated with large shallow areas. In contrast, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, Lepomis macrochirus, and Micropterus salmoides were found at downstream sites associated with large pool areas, sandy/clay-bottomed areas, and vegetated areas. On the basis of these results, we suggest that microhabitat patch types are important in determining the diversity and abundance of fish communities, since a mosaic of different microhabitats supports diverse fish species. As such, microhabitat patches are key components of freshwater stream ecosystem heterogeneity, and a suitable patch composition in stream construction or restoration schemes will support ecologically healthy food webs. Keywords: Aquatic macrophytes, Microhabitat, Pool, Riffle, River continuum, Zacco koreanus Introduction 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Family-Cyprinidae-Gobioninae-PDF
    SUBFAMILY Gobioninae Bleeker, 1863 - gudgeons [=Gobiones, Gobiobotinae, Armatogobionina, Sarcochilichthyna, Pseudogobioninae] GENUS Abbottina Jordan & Fowler, 1903 - gudgeons, abbottinas [=Pseudogobiops] Species Abbottina binhi Nguyen, in Nguyen & Ngo, 2001 - Cao Bang abbottina Species Abbottina liaoningensis Qin, in Lui & Qin et al., 1987 - Yingkou abbottina Species Abbottina obtusirostris (Wu & Wang, 1931) - Chengtu abbottina Species Abbottina rivularis (Basilewsky, 1855) - North Chinese abbottina [=lalinensis, psegma, sinensis] GENUS Acanthogobio Herzenstein, 1892 - gudgeons Species Acanthogobio guentheri Herzenstein, 1892 - Sinin gudgeon GENUS Belligobio Jordan & Hubbs, 1925 - gudgeons [=Hemibarboides] Species Belligobio nummifer (Boulenger, 1901) - Ningpo gudgeon [=tientaiensis] Species Belligobio pengxianensis Luo et al., 1977 - Sichuan gudgeon GENUS Biwia Jordan & Fowler, 1903 - gudgeons, biwas Species Biwia springeri (Banarescu & Nalbant, 1973) - Springer's gudgeon Species Biwia tama Oshima, 1957 - tama gudgeon Species Biwia yodoensis Kawase & Hosoya, 2010 - Yodo gudgeon Species Biwia zezera (Ishikawa, 1895) - Biwa gudgeon GENUS Coreius Jordan & Starks, 1905 - gudgeons [=Coripareius] Species Coreius cetopsis (Kner, 1867) - cetopsis gudgeon Species Coreius guichenoti (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) - largemouth bronze gudgeon [=platygnathus, zeni] Species Coreius heterodon (Bleeker, 1865) - bronze gudgeon [=rathbuni, styani] Species Coreius septentrionalis (Nichols, 1925) - Chinese bronze gudgeon [=longibarbus] GENUS Coreoleuciscus
    [Show full text]
  • PHYLOGENY and ZOOGEOGRAPHY of the SUPERFAMILY COBITOIDEA (CYPRINOIDEI, Title CYPRINIFORMES)
    PHYLOGENY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SUPERFAMILY COBITOIDEA (CYPRINOIDEI, Title CYPRINIFORMES) Author(s) SAWADA, Yukio Citation MEMOIRS OF THE FACULTY OF FISHERIES HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 28(2), 65-223 Issue Date 1982-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/21871 Type bulletin (article) File Information 28(2)_P65-223.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP PHYLOGENY AND ZOOGEOGRAPHY OF THE SUPERFAMILY COBITOIDEA (CYPRINOIDEI, CYPRINIFORMES) By Yukio SAWADA Laboratory of Marine Zoology, Faculty of Fisheries, Bokkaido University Contents page I. Introduction .......................................................... 65 II. Materials and Methods ............... • • . • . • . • • . • . 67 m. Acknowledgements...................................................... 70 IV. Methodology ....................................•....•.........•••.... 71 1. Systematic methodology . • • . • • . • • • . 71 1) The determinlttion of polarity in the morphocline . • . 72 2) The elimination of convergence and parallelism from phylogeny ........ 76 2. Zoogeographical methodology . 76 V. Comparative Osteology and Discussion 1. Cranium.............................................................. 78 2. Mandibular arch ...................................................... 101 3. Hyoid arch .......................................................... 108 4. Branchial apparatus ...................................•..••......••.. 113 5. Suspensorium.......................................................... 120 6. Pectoral
    [Show full text]
  • Dong-Kyun KIM1, 2, Hyunbin JO1, Wan-Ok LEE1, Kiyun PARK1, and Ihn-Sil KWAK*1, 3
    ACTA ICHTHYOLOGICA ET PISCATORIA (2020) 50 (2): 209–213 DOI: 10.3750/AIEP/02790 EVALUATION OF LENGTH–WEIGHT RELATIONS FOR 15 FISH SPECIES (ACTINOPTERYGII) FROM THE SEOMJIN RIVER BASIN IN SOUTH KOREA Dong-Kyun KIM1, 2, Hyunbin JO1, Wan-Ok LEE1, Kiyun PARK1, and Ihn-Sil KWAK*1, 3 1 Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea 2 K-water Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 3 Faculty of Marine Technology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea Kim D.-K., Jo H., Lee W.-O., Park K., Kwak I.-S. 2020. Evaluation of length–weight relations for 15 fish species (Actinopterygii) from the Seomjin River basin in South Korea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 50 (2): 209–213. Abstract. This study demonstrates the estimation of length–weight relations (LWR) for freshwater fishes from the Seomjin River basin in South Korea. The LWR estimation is based on the 15 species representing Cyprinidae: Rhodeus uyekii (Mori, 1935), Rhodeus notatus Nichols, 1929, Tanakia koreensis (Kim et Kim, 1990), Acheilognathus rhombeus (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846), Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846), Coreoleuciscus aeruginos Song et Bang, 2015, Sarcocheilichthys nigripinnis (Günther, 1873), Squalidus gracilis majimae (Jordan et Hubbs, 1925), Squalidus chankaensis tsuchigae (Jordan et Hubbs, 1925), Hemibarbus longirostris (Regan, 1908), and Opsariichthys uncirostris (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846); Cobitidae: Cobitis longicorpus Kim, Choi et Nalbant, 1976 and Cobitis tetralineata (Kim, Park et Nalbant, 1999); Bagridae: Tachysurus ussuriensis (Dybowski, 1872); and Amblycipidae: Liobagrus somjinensis Park et Kim, 2011. Our study provides new information of LWRs for eight species. The LWRs for those species have not been reported yet in FishBase.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Reference Genes for RT-Qpcr Study in Abalone Haliotis Discus Hannai During Heavy Metal Overload Stress Sang Yoon Lee1 and Yoon Kwon Nam1,2*
    Lee and Nam Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (2016) 19:21 DOI 10.1186/s41240-016-0022-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Evaluation of reference genes for RT-qPCR study in abalone Haliotis discus hannai during heavy metal overload stress Sang Yoon Lee1 and Yoon Kwon Nam1,2* Abstract Background: The evaluation of suitable reference genes as normalization controls is a prerequisite requirement for launching quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR)-based expression study. In order to select the stable reference genes in abalone Haliotis discus hannai tissues (gill and hepatopancreas) under heavy metal exposure conditions (Cu, Zn, and Cd), 12 potential candidate housekeeping genes were subjected to expression stability based on the comprehensive ranking while integrating four different statistical algorithms (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and ΔCT method). Results: Expression stability in the gill subset was determined as RPL7 > RPL8 > ACTB > RPL3 > PPIB > RPL7A > EF1A > RPL4 > GAPDH > RPL5 > UBE2 > B-TU. On the other hand, the ranking in the subset for hepatopancreas was RPL7 > RPL3 > RPL8 > ACTB > RPL4 > EF1A > RPL5 > RPL7A > B-TU > UBE2 > PPIB > GAPDH. The pairwise variation assessed by the geNorm program indicates that two reference genes could be sufficient for accurate normalization in both gill and hepatopancreas subsets. Overall, both gill and hepatopancreas subsets recommended ribosomal protein genes (particularly RPL7) as stable references, whereas traditional housekeepers such as β-tubulin (B-TU) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes were ranked as unstable genes. The validation of reference gene selection was confirmed with the quantitative assay of MT transcripts. Conclusions: The present analysis showed the importance of validating reference genes with multiple algorithmic approaches to select genes that are truly stable.
    [Show full text]
  • Inferring the Tree of Life of the Order Cypriniformes, the Earth's Most
    Journal of Systematics and Evolution 46 (3): 424–438 (2008) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1002.2008.08062 (formerly Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica) http://www.plantsystematics.com Inferring the Tree of Life of the order Cypriniformes, the earth’s most diverse clade of freshwater fishes: Implications of varied taxon and character sampling 1Richard L. MAYDEN* 1Kevin L. TANG 1Robert M. WOOD 1Wei-Jen CHEN 1Mary K. AGNEW 1Kevin W. CONWAY 1Lei YANG 2Andrew M. SIMONS 3Henry L. BART 4Phillip M. HARRIS 5Junbing LI 5Xuzhen WANG 6Kenji SAITOH 5Shunping HE 5Huanzhang LIU 5Yiyu CHEN 7Mutsumi NISHIDA 8Masaki MIYA 1(Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA) 2(Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Bell Museum of Natural History, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA) 3(Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA) 4(Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA) 5(Laboratory of Fish Phylogenetics and Biogeography, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China) 6(Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, Miyagi 985-0001, Japan) 7(Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan) 8(Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum & Institute, Chiba 260-8682, Japan) Abstract The phylogenetic relationships of species are fundamental to any biological investigation, including all evolutionary studies. Accurate inferences of sister group relationships provide the researcher with an historical framework within which the attributes or geographic origin of species (or supraspecific groups) evolved. Taken out of this phylogenetic context, interpretations of evolutionary processes or origins, geographic distributions, or speciation rates and mechanisms, are subject to nothing less than a biological experiment without controls.
    [Show full text]
  • Viet Nam Ramsar Information Sheet Published on 16 October 2018
    RIS for Site no. 2360, Van Long Wetland Nature Reserve, Viet Nam Ramsar Information Sheet Published on 16 October 2018 Viet Nam Van Long Wetland Nature Reserve Designation date 10 February 2017 Site number 2360 Coordinates 20°23'35"N 105°51'10"E Area 2 736,00 ha https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/2360 Created by RSIS V.1.6 on - 16 October 2018 RIS for Site no. 2360, Van Long Wetland Nature Reserve, Viet Nam Color codes Fields back-shaded in light blue relate to data and information required only for RIS updates. Note that some fields concerning aspects of Part 3, the Ecological Character Description of the RIS (tinted in purple), are not expected to be completed as part of a standard RIS, but are included for completeness so as to provide the requested consistency between the RIS and the format of a ‘full’ Ecological Character Description, as adopted in Resolution X.15 (2008). If a Contracting Party does have information available that is relevant to these fields (for example from a national format Ecological Character Description) it may, if it wishes to, include information in these additional fields. 1 - Summary Summary Van Long Wetland Nature Reserve is a wetland comprised of rivers and a shallow lake with large amounts of submerged vegetation. The wetland area is centred on a block of limestone karst that rises abruptly from the flat coastal plain of the northern Vietnam. It is located within the Gia Vien district of Ninh Binh Province. The wetland is one of the rarest intact lowland inland wetlands remaining in the Red River Delta, Vietnam.
    [Show full text]
  • Coreoleuciscus Aeruginos (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), a New Species from the Seomjin and Nakdong Rivers, Korea
    Zootaxa 3931 (1): 140–150 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3931.1.10 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0167E29A-6DDA-4B45-A48A-674731180879 Coreoleuciscus aeruginos (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), a new species from the Seomjin and Nakdong rivers, Korea HA-YOON SONG & IN-CHUL BANG1 Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 336-745, Korea 1Corresponding Author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Coreoleuciscus splendidus was first reported as a monotypic species. Recent morphological and genetic studies have re- vealed that the species is represented by two disjunct and distinct lineages. The two lineages of C. splendidus include pop- ulations inhabiting the Han and Geum rivers in the East Korea Subdistrict and populations inhabiting the Seomjin and Nakdong rivers in the South Korea Subdistrict. In this study, significant differences were found between these two inde- pendent lineages through a high degree of genetic divergence in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene as well as conspicuous morphological differences in body coloration and shapes of black stripes on dorsal, anal and caudal fin rays. These morphological and genetic differences provide supporting evidence that the populations in the South Korea Subdistrict represent a new species, Coreoleuciscus aeruginos. Key words: Coreoleuciscus aeruginos, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Korea, new species Introduction There are 33 species from 17 genera in the subfamily Gobioninae in Korea. The genus Coreoleuciscus consists of a monotypic species (Mori, 1935; Kim et al. 2005), the Korean shinner C.
    [Show full text]
  • Circumstance of Protection for Threatened Freshwater Fishes in Japan
    KOREAN JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY, Vol. 20, No. 2, 133-138, June 2008 Received : December 13, 2007 ISSN: 1225-8598 Revised : May 9, 2008 Accepted : June 2, 2008 Circumstance of Protection for Threatened Freshwater Fishes in Japan By Kazumi Hosoya* Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, Japan INTRODUCTION viated as Ex for 4 spp., “Critically Endangered” as IA for 61 spp., “Endangered” as IB for 48 spp., “Vulnerable” The wild animals have been on the way to extinction as II for 35 spp. and “Near threatened” as NT for 26 spp. all over the world due to the drastic change to artificial environments. Among them, freshwater fishes have Negative factors to Japanese freshwater fishes become one of the most typical target groups to affect by human activities, because they occur in such closed The Government of Japan classifies negative factors habitats as aquatic environment where various negative to the native biota as three major crises in “the National factors bring about direct influence. In this report, the Biodiversity Strategy of Japan”. basic idea to protect wild freshwater fishes is provided The first crisis: Development and other human activi- by referring to the case in Japanese threatened species. ties are causing species loss and extinction, as well as The substantial approach by different techniques viz., the destruction and fragmentation of ecosystem. Fish “In situ Conservation” and “Ex situ Preservation” is also species populations are decreasing in size due to various proposed with future prospect. exploitations. Dam construction and cross-sectioning in rivers must constrain the migration of sea-run fishes Acipencer medirostris Japanese threatened species such as Sakhalin green sturgeon (EX), anadoromous salmons and amphidromous gobies.
    [Show full text]
  • The Identification of Metallothionein in Rare Minnow (Gobiocypris Rarus
    e n v i r o n m e n t a l t o x i c o l o g y a n d p h a r m a c o l o g y 3 7 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 1283–1291 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/etap The identification of metallothionein in rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) and its expression following heavy metal exposure a,b,c a,b,c,∗ a,b,c Chunling Wang , Futie Zhang , Wenxuan Cao , a,b,c Jianwei Wang a Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China b The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China c University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China a r t a b i c s t l e i n f o r a c t Article history: Heavy metal, such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) poses serious toxin to aquatic Received 7 November 2013 organisms. These exogenous materials affect biological processes including physiology, Received in revised form biochemistry and development. Metallothionein (MT), one of the metal-regulated genes, 15 April 2014 participates in regulating essential and detoxifying non-essential metals in living animals. Accepted 18 April 2014 In this study, MT EST in rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) (GrMT) was obtained from the cDNA Available online 28 April 2014 subtraction library and the GrMT cDNA was firstly cloned by RACE with a sequence of 379 bp, which can code 60 amino acids.
    [Show full text]