The American Legion Magazine [Volume 103, No. 1 (July 1977)]

THE AMERICAN—

MAGAZINE Serve your

back lor

is no place for second best.

Dewar's "White Label" Blended Scotch Whisky, 86.8 Proof; George Dickel Tennessee Sour Mash Whisky, 86.8 Proof; Plymouth Gin, distilled from 100% grain neutral spirits, 94.4 Proof; O.F.C. Canadian Whisky, A Blend, 86.8 Proof; I.W. Harper Kentucky Straight Bourbon Whiskey, 86 Proof; Schenley Reserve American Whiskey, A Blend, 86 Proof; Schenley Affiliated Brands Corp., New York, N.Y. © 1976 ) . s;

THE AMERICAN JULY 1977

JULY 1977

Volume 103, Number I National Commander

William J. lingers

EGION CHANGE OF ADDRESS Subscribers, please notify Circulation Dept., MAGAZINE P. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206 using Form 3578 which is available at your local post office. Attach old atJdress label and give old and new addresses with ZIP Code number and current membership card number. Also, notify your Poet Adjutant or other Table of Confents officer charged with such responsibilities.

The American Legion Magazine GOD AND THE FOURTH OF JULY 2 Editorial & Production Offices The Deity has always been prominent in American attitudes 160ft "K" Street, N. W. Washington, DC 20006 202-393-481 1 Advertising Dept. 202-347-7647 COMMANDER'S MESSAGE: THE KOREAN WITHDRAWAL. . 4 direct line) 212-5H6-3460 Cdr. Rogers urges close watch on Communists (New York Office of Publisher THE INCREDIBLE WILEY POST 6 342 Madison Ave. New York. NY 10017 Feiu aviators have approached Post as a record-breaker 212-6H2-H9H2

HOW REDS REWRITE U.S. HISTORY 11 Advertising Sales Communist textbooks depict Declaration of Independence as racist Bassinette/ White Co. 50 E. 42nd St., New York, NY, 10017 Tel. 212-986-6210

Representing : Massachusetts, Rhode Island, THE . . 12 WACs ARE 35 Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont. A 1942 recruit recalls first muster at Fort Des Moines Fox Associates 200 E. Ontario St., Chicago. 1L FRIEND Tel. 312-619-1650 OF HANDICAPPED TO GET HONOR 15 Representing : North Dakota. South Dakota, Legion will salute Dr. Hoivard Rusk Nebraska, Minnesota, Kansas, Iowa, Missouri. Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana. Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia, Virginia. Tennessee, N. Carolina, Texas, Oklahoma. Arkansas, Missis- THE PARALYSIS THAT MADE US FORGET SWINE FLU . . . 16 sip pi, Alabama. Georgia, S. Carolina, Florida. A victim of Guillain-Barre disease tells of rare malady Robert Redden Assoc., Inc. P.O. Box 999. Teaneck, NJ, 07666 OFF THE HIGHWAY: SAUGUS, 18 Tel. 201-837-5511 MASSACHUSETTS Representing: New York, New Jersey, Connect- Early ironworks made it our first 'Pittsburgh' icut, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia. Jules E. Thompson, Inc. A 16TH CENTURY VETERANS HOSPITAL 20 1111 Hearst Bldg., San Francisco, CA, 94103 Early home ivas founded in time of Elizabeth I Tel. 415-362-8517 Representing : Washington, Oregon, California. Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Montana, Wyoming, Col- SHOULD CONGRESSIONAL RACES BE PUBLICLY orado, Arizona, New Mexico, Hawaii, Alaska, British Columbia. FINANCED? 22

PRO : SEN. DICK CLARK : CON SEN. HOWARD BAKER Publisher, James F. O'Ncil Editor and Associate Publisher, Raymond J. Mcllugh Production Manager. John A. Stanley Coyer Photo Managing Editor, Frank Kuest Senior Editor, Grail S. Hanford

Our cover photograph courtesy of Art Editor, Waller II . Boll Eastman Kodak symbolizes the Advertising Citordinators Thomas and Joanna A dam us role of the Star-Spangled Banner Darlene Circulation Manager and Assistant Publisher, in U.S. Military history. Reminis- Dean B. Nelson, Indianapolis, IN cent of the Iwo Jima flag-raising scene, the men are wearing the The American Legion Magazine Commission: uniforms of the Revolutionary Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, CT, (Chairman): Milford A. Forrester, Greenville, SC (Vice Chairman) War, the Civil War, both World James R. Kel ley. Radnor, I*A (National Commander' Wars the and Vietnamese War. Representative ; Billy Anderson, Miami, FL : Lang

Armstrong, Spokane, ; Biehel Belleville, Photograph arranged by Steve WA Norman , Horn.* IL; Adolph Bremer, Winona, MN; B. C. Connelly, Huntington, WV ; Andrew J. Cooper, Gulf Shores, AE; Other photo credits include Jerry Mar- John J . Dunn, Sr., Scranton, PA ; Raymond Fields, tineau. Culver Photos, The Bettmann Oklahoma City, OK: Eugene Kel ley, Savannah. GA; Archive, Wide World, U.S. Army Photo- James V. Kissner, Palatine, IE; Russell H. Laird, Des graph, VPI, Raymond Schuessler, Gary Moines, IA; Loyd McDermott, Benton, AR; Morris Thomson, Stanley Simmons. Meyer. Starkville, MS: J. H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; Roger A. Munson. Euclid. OH; Robert F. Mur-

phy, Chelmsford, MA ; Robert A . Okeson, Diamond

Bar, CA; Floyd J. Rogers. Topeka, KS ; Wayne L. Deparfmenfs Talbert, Delphi, IN; Peter M. Damborg. Augusta ME, and Frank C. Love, Syracuse, NY (Consul t ants )

The American Legion Magazine is owned and published NOTES ON OUR DESK 3 LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS 44 monthly by The American Legion. Copyright 1 977 by DATELINE WASHINGTON 10 The American Legion. Second class postage paid at BOOKS THAT MATTER . 44 Indianapolis, IN, 46204 VETERANS and additional mailing offices. NEWSLETTER 19 PERSONAL 46 Price: single copy. 30 cents; yearly subscription, S3. 00. NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 26 AMERICAN LEGION SHOPPER 47 Direct inquiries regarding circulation to: Circulation PARTING SHOTS 48 Department. P. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Send editorial and advertising material to: The Ameri- can Legion Magazine. 1608 "K" Street, N. W., Wash- Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-ad- ington. DC 20006. dressed, stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. NON-MEMBER SUBSCRIPTIONS Microfilm copies of current and back issues of The American Legion Magazine are Send name and address, including available through: University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, Mich. 48106. ZIP number, with $3.00 check or money order to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box A r If undeliverable, please send Form 3579 to: Pf~WTlVfirvr^ liTX^CJC 11LX\.Tl?R • 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. p. 0 Box 1934 ^ i ndianapol is, Ind. 46206.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 1 — God and the Fourth of July

Americans often get a little nervous when public officials or candidates talk about God. Many consider a man's religion his own personal affair. Some skepticism about the religious commitment of politicians is obviously justified and healthy, based on past experience. Some of our most pious-sounding people, in public and private life, have turned out to be hypocrites and crooks. Yet none dared challenge the professed links between God and the United States. The Founding Fathers said so in the Declaration of Independence. Our Presidents, beginning with George Washington, have publicly asked God's help in carrying out their solemn oath of office. In times of peril to the Republic from Valley Forge to Gettysburg, from Pearl Harbor to the Cuban missile crisis—our leaders have asked God's guidance and blessing on our armed forces. And each time our de- fenders have prevailed. "No people can be bound to ac- knowledge and adore the Invisible Hand which conducts the affairs of "free and independent states" on being debated around the country. men more than those of the United July 4, 1776. "A religious sect may degenerate States," said Washington in his first A good deal is often made of the into a political faction in a part of inaugural address. "Every step by fact that the word "God" does not the confederacy; but the variety of which they have advanced to the appear in the U.S. Constitution sects dispersed over the entire face character of an independent nation signed on Sept. 17, 1787. And the of it must secure the national coun- seems to have been distinguished by First Amendment provides, among cils against any danger from that some token of providential agency." other things, that Congress "shall source," Madison wrote. The Deity is referred to four times make no law respecting an establish- The First Amendment made it cer- in the Declaration of Independence ment of religion, or prohibiting the tain that a "variety of sects" could as "Nature's God," the "Creator," free exercise thereof." flourish by prohibiting Congress the "Supreme Judge of the World" This does not mean that the from passing any law, for or against, and "Divine Providence." leaders of the American Revolution any sect. It established freedom of The signers said that God created had changed their political princi- religion in the new country, not the all men equal, and endowed them ples, or lost their faith in God, in the absence of religion. with certain unalienable rights in- intervening years. Thomas Jefferson, in his first inau- cluding "life, liberty and the pur- In the Constitution, they were try- gural address, March 4, 1801, cited suit of happiness." Whenever any ing to set up a practical form of as one of America's blessings the fact form of government becomes de- government which would secure the that its people were "enlightened by structive of those ends, the people God-given blessings of liberty to a benign religion, professed, indeed, have the right to alter or abolish it, themselves and their posterity in a and practiced in various forms, yet they declared. very imperfect world. One of the all of them inculcating honesty, They cited a long list of tyrannical main problems was how to keep vari- truth, temperance, gratitude, and acts by King George III, and then, ous "factions" from violating the the love of man; acknowledging and "appealing to the Supreme Judge of rights of others, as James Madison adoring an overruling Providence." the World in the Rectitude of our explained in the Federalist essay Some Americans profess no reli- Intentions," proclaimed the colonies No. X, while the Constitution was (Continued on page 45)

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 A

. . . Notes on Our Desk . . . Dunphy's Irish.

Letters to the Editor Sir: Rep. Dan Flood of Pennsylvania The luck of helped get the GI insurance divi- Sir: Thank you for the April article dends out early in February. He de- on my uncle Quentin Roosevelt. My serves credit. the Americans. father, who died in the Normandy in- Adam P. Sobolewski vasion of World War II, is buried Nanticoke, PA mm h close to his brother. My younger brother Quentin was killed in China Sir : Increased premiums have forced helping the Nationalists evacuate many of us World War I veterans to planes to Hong Kong. drop our GI insurance. Can some- Theodore Roosevelt III Wp» ft thing be done? LELAN!) New York, NY Raymond G. Sheehan Gardena, CA

Sir: The Rainbow Division (April) was all National Guard. It assembled at Camp Mills, Long Island, at Hempstead, NY. Maj. Gen. Charles T. Menober was commander of the division. Paul T. Leonard Capac, MI

Sir: Keep hitting on the Panama Canal and pardon issues. Someone has to! Dan McInnis

Harrisburg , PA

Sir: As a member of Co.F, 315th Product of Ireland Engineers, 90th Division, I have car- Sir: I am appalled at the lack of ried this photo of Quentin Roose- understanding for the pardoned draft velt's grave all these years. Please evaders and deserters. They are the give it to the Roosevelt family. beginning of a breed for the future. Edward C. Sclipmann Their basic philosophy is EQUAL- Quincy, IL ITY. Rich Ploetz Glenwood Springs, CO Editor's note: We sent it to Theodore Roosevelt HI. Sir: The loss of the Panama Canal Sir: The April issue brought back would be a calamity. The American memories of the 828th Aero Squad- Legion should make an all-out effort ron; the "Y" shows featuring Mme. in demanding all negotiations rela- Schumann-Heink, and old SPADs, tive to the surrender of the canal be stopped immediately. Neiuports, S.E. 5s and Salmsons. I Rev. C. Van Schouwen wonder how many buddies are still What luck! Irish whiskey around. Albert M. Wilkins Sioux Center, I specially blended for the Barrington, IL American palate. first Sir: I enjoyed the Lewis Gun article The Sir: The April article on Mme. (April.) My 107th Infantry (27th Irish with a new, soft taste. Schumann-Heink was splendid. Many Div) was completely equipped with So smooth and mellow. do not know that after World War I British arms, including Lewis guns, Here are two refreshing ways she donated a magnificent country Lee Enfield rifles, Mills grenades, etc. to enjoy Dunphy's: estate near Grossmont, CA, for the Richard E. Gucker recovery of wounded servicemen. Freeport, NY Red-Haired Mary Ray S. Macdonald IJ/20Z. Dunphy's Burlingame, CA Sir: Past Commander Donald John- 4 oz. chilled tomato juice son's statement (April) that Vietnam Lemon wedge Sir: I take issue with Sen. Percy's veterans are the best educated ex- A dash of Tobasco views (April) on the Voice of Amer- servicemen is deceptive. The median Salt to taste ica. There is little or no interference age for attendance in school has Cucumber spear optional. with the editorial judgment of VOA increased each year (but) attendance Irish Sunset news writers. Lou Tinney at school does not ensure education. V/2 oz. Dunphy's Ballston Spa, NY The Legion with its anti-amnesty policy and its persistent attempt to IV2 oz. orange juice V20Z. lime juice Sir: The April World War I issue re- subvert the First Amendment by re- 4 dashes Grenadine minds me that the Department of quiring forced prayer is being led Shake with ice and pour Pennsylvania has consistently ar- down a dead-end street. ingredients and ice into tall glass. gued for a pension for veterans of Melvin S. Frank Niles, OH that war. Robert W. Jackel 80° Blended Irish Whiskey. Darby, PA (Continued on page 46) The American Distilling Co., N.Y.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 3 The Commander's Message

Let's Hope North Korea Knows This Isn't 1950

prospect that the few weeks ago some 500 South Koreans gathered What is not so encouraging is the Singlaub affair could silence all professional military in Seoul to sing "Onward Christian Soldiers" and A needed if the public is to under- Their views are pray that the United States changes its mind and does men. stand the complex issues of foreign policy, disarmament not withdraw its ground forces from their country. The American Legion has steadfastly opposed the and national security. Wall Street Journal suggests in an editorial that withdrawal of American forces from the Korean penin- The "journalists can forget about interviewing generals. sula so long as Kim Il-Sung of North Korea threatens willing to risk an interview, no war. This has been American policy since the Korean Even if an officer is pull candor can be expected. Secretary of Defense Brown conflict. Now the President has decided it is time to (has) declared that once a policy is set, an officer is out U.S. ground forces, although he pledges this will not 'to support that policy publicly if he plans to weaken the American commitment to defend South expected stay in the military,' even if he has advised against Korea in case of North Korean attack. it and in fact privately dissents. So the journalists, and The President obviously is convinced that it is not a for that matter the public and the Congress, will be gamble. We pray he is right. The withdrawal of 1948, dealing with officers who may be facing the blunt the Dean Acheson declaration that left South Korea choice: resign or lie." outside the U.S. Asian defense perimeter and the 1950 I hope the choice is not so stark. invasion by North Korea are history that must not be American Legion stands squarely behind the repeated. The concept of civilian control of the military. Our entire Early in my year as national commander I visited system of government is based on every citizen's ulti- South Korea, toured the demilitarized zone (DMZ) and elected authority. Panmunjom where the sessions between Allied and Red mate responsibility to understand clearly basic changes "peacemakers" go on interminably in a super-charged But if citizens are to in our world defense system, especially the withdrawal atmosphere of hate and suspicion. Two American offi- of American forces from such a critical spot as Korea, cers were literally hacked to pieces last year by Com- they deserve full airing of all points of view. Certainly munist guards at Panmunjom. Border incidents are military's on-the-spot appraisal of Com- commonplace. North Korean and South Korean gunboats the professional munist capabilities and intentions is one crucial point have fought a series of running battles in the cold, of view. foggy north Pacific. At stake in Korea is not only the independence of the The 33,000 American troops on guard in South Korea Republic of Korea, but protection of major American are perhaps the finest honed outfits in the U.S. Army. business holdings and the strategic defense of Japan. The 2nd Infantry Division is alert at the DMZ for any If the Republic of Korea is now able to handle its surprise attack and deeply aware of the threat from own defenses, great. The saving to the American tax- the north. in payer will be substantial. But let's be satisfied in ad- It was not surprising to hear a major general vance that Communist North Korea understands this Korea express fear that withdrawal of American forces 1948 and 1950. might encourage another Communist invasion. The un- isn't a replay of fortunate timing of Gen. John K. Singlaub's remarks, just as U.S. negotiators were about to open talks with South Korean officials, probably left the President no option but to transfer the general. Delicate negotiations cannot succeed if one side is in doubt about the other's purpose. Certainly the President is well aware of the risks inherent in the Korean situation. And he has the ultimate responsibility as commander-in-chief. Gen. Singlaub's case was handled with too much publicity, perhaps, but it was encouraging that the President did not take punitive action. The general is a fine soldier. The Army needs his kind.

4 THE AMERICA 1 LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 the most astounding Waistline Reducer of all times Astro-Trimmer IS PRODUCING FANTASTIC TRANSFORMATIONS' LIKE THIS

... IN JUST 3 DAYS . . . WITHOUT DIETING ... IN JUST MINUTES A DAY!

GUARANTEED TO REDUCE YOUR WAISTLINE 2 TO 4 INCHES IN JUST 3 DAYS-OR LESS OR YOUR MONEY BACK!

Fred Masters—"No matter what I tried— dieting, exercise— I was never able to get rid of the roll of excess inches around my mid-section. Then Astro-Trimmer came along and reduced my waistline 6 full inches— from 38V2 to 32V2 inches— in just 3 days without dieting. The inches have never come back! This has to be, without a doubt, the world's greatest inch reducer!"

HERE IS HOW IT WORKS:

Fred wraps the Astro-Belt com- Now Fred simply relaxes a few After his brief period of relaxa- pletely around his waistline, moments with his Astro-Belt in tion, Fred removes his Astro- AFTER before hooking the Astro- place. HisAstro-Trimmermove- Belt. His waistline is already Fred Bands to aconvenient doorway ments have triggered the tighter and trimmer. Fred lost He is then ready to perform one Astro-Belt's incredible inch-re- over 3 inches on his waistline Masters of the pleasant, marvelously ducing effect which goes on the very first day—and 6 full ...6 "off effective Astro-Trimmer move- working even as he relaxes. inches from his waistline in just waistline in ments—just about 10 minutes. 3 brief ten minute sessions. just 3 days

Startling discovery—the Astro-Trimmer has got to be the most sensationally effective and the most fun to use slenderizer of all time. It is a marvel of ease, comfort and efficiency—and a pure joy to use. The Astro-Trimmer's totally unique design consists of a double layered belt; a soft nonporous inner thermal liner which wraps completely around your mid-section producing a marvelous feeling of warmth and support—and a sturdy outer belt that attaches you to the super duo-stretch Astro-Bands which you hook to any convenient doorway. These duo-stretch bands enhance your slightest movements and transmit their effect—greatly magnified—directly to the inner thermal liner of the belt to produce an absolutely unequaled

inch-reducing effect. In fact, for sheer inch loss, the Astro-Trimmer is supreme. Try it for yourself— at our risk-

just slip on the belt, hook it up, stretch and perform one of the easy-to-do movements in the instruction booklet and watch the inches roll off. Men and women from 17 to 70 in all degrees of physical condition are achieving sensational results from this ultimate inch-reducer. Results like these:

G. Fuller—"Using the Astro-Trimmer just a few minutes a day, I lost over 4 inches from my waistline in the first 3 days. It's just incredible"

T. Greer—"My waist actually came down 5 full inches in 5 days— from 38 to 33. My entire physique looks so

much better and I feel so much better that I can't praise this sensational trimmer enough!'

J. Morgan— "Remarkable results from a remarkable product. With the Astro-Trimmer I actually reduced, firmed and tightened my waistline 5 inches— from 33% to 28V,— in just 3 days— without dieting. Not only has my appearance improved tremendously, but I feel so much better and seem to have so much more energy than before:'

How many excess inches can I lose with the Astro-Trimmer? How many excess inches do you have? Many users lose 2 or more inches from their waists and 2 or more inches from their abdomens the very first day. Three, four, even more inches off the waist in three days is not uncommon. Not everyone will do this. The degree of inch loss will vary with individual body response. However, this match- less body shaper melts excess inches off the waist, abdomen, hips, thighs with such amazing / speed that if your waistline isn't 2 to 4 inches trimmer after using your Astro-Trimmer for —S j ust 3 days— or less— and if vou don't lose these inches without dietin g and in onl y ^ 5 to 10 minutes a day, you may sim pl y return your Astro-Trimmer and your money y & will be refunded. <£p

No risk— no obligation— money back guarantee. So-called "waist , O*" trimmers" and reducers are now being nationally advertised for from $19.95 to $49.95. Yet the sensational new Astro-Trimmer— which trims and slims excess inches far faster, far more effectively than anything we have ever seen— is being offered for only $9.95 with a complete money back g uarantee. If you are not satisfied that the Astro-Trimmer is the fastest, the most effec- BEFORE / -.^P Q\ tivewaistreduceryouhaveeverused.it ^ > will not cost you a penny. So if you " ^»<* ^ want a trimmer, more dynamic - body— right now— send for 0 your Astro-Trimmer today. ORDER NOW FOR A SLIMMER, TRIMMER WAISTLINE THIS WEEK!

PAT. PEND © Copyright Astro-Trimmer 1977 Highway 1 and Callendar Road, Arroyo Grande, CA 93420 august 27, 1930, a white Vega Onairplane bearing the name Win- nie Mae settled down at Curtiss- Reynolds Airport near Chicago. A stocky man with bushy hair and a white patch hiding his missing left eye stepped out, shook his head as if to stop the motor's whirring, and walked unconcernedly up to the Air Derby judges. They were perplexed. One of America's top flyers—Roscoe Turner, William Brock, Art Goebel, Lee Schoenhair—had been expected to win the nonstop race from the West Coast. No one knew the man from the Winnie Mae. They had to consult their schedules to learn his name. The flyer was Wiley Post. It was his first taste of national fame, the first time that news of his exceptional flying skill—what he called his "bent for luck"—filtered out of the Southwest. Even though the Win- nie Mae's magnetic compass stuck just after takeoff from Los Angeles, costing Post 40 minutes, he covered the 1,760-mile course in 9 hours 9 minutes 4 seconds, averaging 192 miles per hour, to beat his nearest rival, Art Goebel, by 11 seconds and win the $7,500 prize. He'd navigated from a map by visual reference to the ground below. Greater fame would follow. Wiley Post was some 20 years New York City gives Wiley Post its famed tickertape parade following his record-breaking; contemporaries in his ahead of his flight 'round the world in July 1933. Inset, Post climbs out of cockpit of the Winnie Mae' concept of the development of avi- after landing at Floyd Bennett Field on Long Island on completion of the flight ation. In the seven years prior to his death in 1935, he rose from a job as phenomenal drive needed wings as who simply could not conform to an obscure worker in the Oklahoma much as aviation needed him. If ever study routine. He was an eighth- oil fields to hero status as a world- a man belonged in the cockpit of an grade dropout, but, on his own, he famous aviator. His conquests in- airplane, that man was Wiley Post." studied all the mechanical devices he cluded many of the "unknowns" of The last four decades of high- could get his hands on, and he was flight. In particular, his 1933 circle altitude flight and man-in-space recognized around the family's of the globe—the first solo around- achievements, including the pressure Chickasha, OK, farm (where they the-world flight—still stands as one suits used in the first moon walks, moved in 1907) as a youth who could of the most extraordinary feats of had their origins in Post's daring ex- repair everything from sewing ma- endurance. perimental work. chines to farm machinery. Post was never hungry for fame Wiley Hardeman Post was born in In 1913, while Wiley and James and he really didn't give a tinker's a modest farmhouse near Grand were at a county fair at Lawton, OK, damn about any man's opinion of his Saline, TX, Nov. 22, 1898. It was just the 15-year-old Wiley saw an air- abilities as a flier. He never doubted around the time the Wright brothers plane for the first time. It was a his own skill. Wiley's greatest plea- were getting serious about mechani- Curtiss Pusher. Exhibition pilot Art sure came out of the actual act of cal flight. Who could have guessed Smith was taking it through spins, flying. The more difficult the job, the that in a little over three decades loops, nose dives and tight spirals. more pleasure he experienced. A few The Literary Digest would be head- Wiley wrote 18 years later, "To this years after Post's death, Harry lining Post as "The Modern Jules day I have never seen a bit of ma- Bruno, a contemporary in aviation, Verne From Oklahoma"? chinery for land, sea or sky that has wrote: "Wiley Post was a tough, Wiley was the fourth of seven taken my breath away as did that scarred, absolutely fearless Okla- children of a Scot father, William old Pusher." homa boy with a soul too big for Francis Post, and an Irish mother, Wiley decided then and there he any mortal fame. He was a man Mae Quinlan. A schoolmate recalled was destined to play an important whost tremendous energies, whose him as "a lively, mischievous boy" role in the advancement of aviation.

6 THE. AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 a

ride in the summer of 1919 when he paid barnstormer Capt. Earl H. Zim- merman $25 to take him up and through acrobatic maneuvers in his open-cockpit biplane. After that, Wiley grew increasingly restless: he had committed his life to aviation, but he "couldn't get off the ground." In the spring of 1924, while on a drilling job near Holdenville, OK, he saw an ad for a flying circus troupe, "Burrell Tibbs and His Texas Top- notch Fliers," which was to perform at Wewoka, 10 miles away. He walked out on his job, hurried to Wewoka and asked to join the troupe, but was turned down. Since Pete Lewis, the troupe's regular parachute jumper, had been injured in the fliers' last exhibition, Post insisted that he jump in Lewis's place—without pay. He watched while Lewis showed him Wiley Post at age 19 when he was work- how to don the harness, calmly got ing at Fort Sill, OK, where he first saw into the Curtiss JN-4 with Tibbs, and an airplane at an earlier age then, when they reached a height of 2,000 feet, climbed out of the cockpit year-old rancher's daughter, named onto the wing. "He then jumped," Mae Laine. The meeting, he said, was Tibbs said later, "as though he had his "first thrill aside from aviation." done it all his life." Seven busy years Mae's father took a very dim view of later, Wiley recalled that jump as one her interest in the one-eyed, dare- of the greatest thrills of his life. devil flyer who was 11 years her The daring young man was given senior, "So on June 27, 1927," said a job jumping with the flying circus Wiley, "after the business of the day at $50 a leap. was over—we decided to take the Post made his first solo flight in matter into our own hands. Together 1926, and immediately determined to we fled the town." buy a plane of his own so as to get The Canuck, with the pair aboard, enough flight experience to enter developed engine trouble over Gra- commercial aviation. Barnstorming ham, OK, and Wiley had to make a had lost its appeal, money was short forced landing in a rough field, be- and he went back to the oil fields, tween rows of piled corn shocks. He this time to a new field at Seminole. first located a preacher and made His intention was to work at drilling Mae his wife. Then he repaired the During the buggy ride home, he just long enough to save money for engine, moved some piles of corn dreamed of forming the "Wiley Post a plane. On Oct. 1, 1926, his first day shocks, climbed into the plane with Institute for Aeronautical Research." on the drilling rig, an iron chip flew his bride and took off. He worked on the farm for a year off a bolt being hammered by a During the remainder of 1927, Post and made one cotton crop in order to worker and struck Wiley's left eye- barnstormed, gave plane rides at get funds to take a course at the ball. The eye had to be removed— $2.50 for a short hop, transported Sweeney Auto School in Kansas City. terrible blow to a young man who'd passengers at any time and to any During the course and later, as he long dreamed of being a crack flyer place they'd let him, and gave flying worked at several different jobs, he but who, at 28, had no formal flight lessons. He was called a "natural always, he said, "looked at each new training. pilot" because he seemed to be a part piece of machinery with the underly- On Oct. 30, 1926, by provisions of of whatever plane he was flying. ing thought that its principle might the Workmen's Compensation Law, "He didn't just fly an airplane; he be applied to aviation." Post was awarded $1,800, based on put it on," said one student. When the United States entered the rate of $18 per week for 100 In 1928, Wiley sought more lucra- World War I, Wiley tried to find a weeks. He requested a lump sum and tive work. He camped in the outer way into military flight training, but accepted a check for $1,698.25 in set- office of F. C. Hall, senior partner of couldn't. He enrolled in the Student's tlement. After paying expenses, he Hall & Briscoe, an oil business head- Army Training Corps at Norman, had about $1,200 left. quartered in Oklahoma City, until OK, where he received training in "My intention to get the cost of an Mr. Hall agreed to discuss the possi- electrical communications. It proved airplane was realized," he wrote, "at bility of giving him a job. Post knew very useful to him in later years. the expense of an eye." that Hall and Powell Briscoe had After the 1918 Armistice, he was He bought a Canuck, which had failed to get a certain oil-land lease one of many young men looking for been in a "slight crash," for $240, because a competitor had beaten jobs and finally became a seven- spent $300 having it rebuilt, got a them to the leaseholder. He con- dollars-a-day "roughneck" on a drill- friend to give him "about two hours' vinced them they needed to buy an ing rig in the new oil field at Walters, dual," and was in business. airplane and hire him as their per- OK. In the spring of 1927, at Sweet- sonal, ever-ready pilot. The oilmen Wiley Post got his first airplane water, TX, Wiley met a pretty, 17- agreed to a salary of about $200 a

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 7 .

tional Air Races. Hall was so pleased 00 90 80 70 J}0. 50 ARP 8:35 P.M TUES JULYI6 OSS with Wiley's victory that he promised ARRIVED 2.20 P.M. PEP 12 NOON WED. JULY 19 financial support for a daring venture DEPARTED 5:12 P.M the pilot had in mind a flight ~ MONDAY JULY J7 — JULY 19 DEP. 5.25AM ARRIVED 6.40 PM around the world in the Winnie Mae ! VaS^tOstTm ; ARRIVED 10.27AM. JULY 16 THURUULY30 iX \ SUNDAY in 1931. Around-the-world flights had .-'DEPARnor.02P.Mi DEPARTED 6*5 A.M . 1 been accomplished twice. I 17 only UKHtQVOv_ TUESDAY JULYIdj:^ MONDAY JULY | For his navigator on this flight, he chose Australian-born, 28-year-old Harold Gatty, a California resident with a wealth of navigational experience. He'd been referred to Gatty by Navy Commander P. V. H. Weems, a world authority on aerial navigation. During the early months of 1931, Post and Gatty were busy planning the 15,000-mile flight, which was to leave from Roosevelt Field, Long Island, NY, and course over the North Atlantic, the British Isles, Europe, Russia, Alaska, Canada and back to New York. Post got permission to fly over Britain, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, China and Japan. China and Japan were not on the charted course, but there was always the possibility of the Winnie Mae being forced away from the planned route. There was no Russian embassy in Washington in 1931, so Post got the help of Idaho's Sen. William E. Borah to arrange permission through Amtorg Trading Corporation, a commercial organization that served as a sort of unofficial Soviet embassy. On May 23, Post, Gatty and the Winnie Mae were ready to leave

Map shows Post's route in his record-breaking, globe-circling flight Roosevelt Field, but unfavorable weather prevented their departure month, and they put him in charge heed, and Post was jobless. He for a month. of buying their first plane, a new, started working as a test pilot for In 1931, weather intelligence was three-passenger, open-cockpit Travel Lockheed, and also began doing seri- sketchy, at best. Dr. James K. Kim- Air biplane, the best aircraft Wiley ous experimental work that resulted ball, the U.S. Weather Bureau's mete- had flown up to that time. Wiley and in improved plane design. Years orologist in New York, played Mae moved into an apartment in earlier, he'd learned firsthand—by "guardian angel" to transatlantic Oklahoma City. experimenting for his own flying fliers. On June 23, shortly after mid- Wiley credited F. C. Hall, a man needs—about the effects of altitude night, Dr. Kimball relayed a favor- "with a heart as big as his bank ac- and temperature on plane perfor- able weather report to Post. As soon count," with providing the help he mance. as Roosevelt Field dried enough for needed. In June 1930, Hall called him and a takeoff, Wiley headed the Winnie Late in 1928, Hall sent Post out said to arrange for the purchase of Mae toward the skies above the black to the Lockheed factory in Los a new Winnie Mae. Atlantic. Gatty noted in the log: Angeles to turn the Travel Air in on The second Winnie Mae, a white "Took off 4:55 DST (daylight-saving- a new Vega, a Wasp-motored, high- beauty with purple trim, cost time). Visibility poor." speed cabin plane considered the $22,000; it was a Vega 5B, a seven- The flyers reached the rocky run- most advanced airplane made. Wiley, place cabin land monoplane, powered way at Harbour Grace, Newfound- who closely supervised the assem- by a 420-horsepower Wasp engine. land, in a bit under seven hours, bling of the $20,240 Vega, said Wiley made many changes. He had and, after a brief stop, soared off to happily, "It is so sensitive and re- the wing set at a little lower angle cover 1,900 miles of ocean. It was sponsive to the controls that it seems of incidence to lessen resistance at blind-flying weather, but everything to anticipate my moves." high speed. He had four inches taken went all right—except that Gatty Hall named the plane Winnie Mae, off the tail skid to prevent the tail became unnerved by Post's policy of after his daughter, Winnie Mae Fain, bouncing first on landings and tossing running each wing tank dry, causing a flying enthusiast who shared her the plane over on its nose. He in- the engine to cough and sputter while father's confidence in Wiley Post's stalled tanks to bring the fuel ca- the fuel-selector valve was switched exceptional ability. It was the first pacity up to more than 500 gallons. and the fuel pump got its pull on a of three Vegas named Winnie Mae. It was with F. C. Hall's approval fresh tank. But by burning the last The economic slump following the that Post entered the 1930 nonstop drop of fuel in a tank, he knew ex- stock market crash of 1929 led the air derby between Los Angeles and actly the plane's fuel load. oilmen to sell the plane back to Lock- Chicago, a special event of the Na- (Continued on page JfO)

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 .

Legionnaires: depending upon your age you could get

Up to $66,000 Life Insurance-$144 a Year!

These days it's reassuring to know your American Legion Life Insurance Plan no additional cost. To enroll you must be a Legion Member in good standing,

keeps pace with the increasing insurance needs of thousands of Legionnaires under age 70 and be able to meet the underwriting requirements of the Insur- and their families. ance Company. Eligible Legionnaires may add to their insurance estates with up to 6 units of There's no better way to provide your loved ones with the security they need life insurance. Benefits may be continued for life and the cost per unit is $24 and deserve than to add to your insurance estate. For benefits and rates, see a year. Eligible Legionnaires under age 30 may apply for up to $60,000 in the chart below. benefits for $144 a year.

But now there's more good news! Benefits for deaths occurring in 1977 have Then, fill out and mail the Enrollment Card below along with your check or been increased 10% ... up to $66,000 for the under 30 Legionnaire ... at money order for the amount of coverage you select.

fPRORATED PREMIUM shown provides protection throughout 1977 Benefits Premiums—Annual Renewable Term Insurance (Policy Form GPC-5700-374) & and assumes your completed Enrollment Card will be received by Benefits determined by age at death and include the 10% SPECIAL INCREASE the Administrator (and approved) during July with coverage effec- for deaths occuring during 1977. Maximum coverage limited to 6 units. tive August 1, 1977. If your Enrollment is not approved your Age at Death 6 Units 5 Units 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit money will be refunded. Prorated premiums for enrollment re- Through age 29 $66,000 $55,000 $44,000 $33,000 $22,000 $11,000 30-34 52,800 44,000 35,200 26,400 17,600 8,800 ceived in will be $8 per Unit. 35-44 29,700 24,750 19,800 14,850 9,900 4,950 45-54 14,520 12,100 9,680 7,260 4,840 2,420 EFFECTIVE DATE: Insurance becomes effective on the first day of 55-59 7,920 6,600 5,280 3,960 2,640 1,320 the month coinciding with or next following the date the mem- 60-64 5,280 4,400 3,520 2,640 1,760 880 sub- 65-69 3,300 2,750 2,200 1,650 1,100 550 bar's application is received in the office of the Administrator, 70 74* 2,178 1,815 1,452 1,089 726 363 ject to Insurance Company approval. Insurance may be main- 75*-over 1,650 1,375 1,100 825 550 275 tained in force by payment of premiums when due. Prorated Premiumt $60 $50 $40 $30 $20 $10 IF in FL, IL, NJ, PR, or Wl send for *No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will YOU LIVE NY, NC, OH, TX, be accepted for new insurance. special card. Applications and benefits vary slightly in some states. Make check or money order payable to The American DEATH BENEFIT: When an insured Legionnaire dies, the beneficiary receives a Legion Life Insurance Plan. lump sum payment once proof of death is received by the Insurance Company. MAIL TO:

EXCLUSIONS: No benefit is payable for death as a result of war or an act of war, The American Legion

if death occurs while serving, or within six months after termination of service, Life Insurance Plan, in the military, naval or air forces of any country or combination of countries. P.O. Box 5609,

Chicago, III. 60680 INCONTESTABILITY: Your coverage shall be incontestable after it has been in force during your lifetime for two years from its effective date. Enrollment Subject to Underwriter's Approval

NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM LIFE INSURANCE FOR MEMBERS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION OF INFORMATION Information regarding your insurability will be treated as Full Name .Birth Date- Last First Middle Mo. Day Year confidential except that Occi- dental Life Insurance Company Permanent Residence of California may make a brief Street City State Zip report to the Medical Informa- Name of Beneficiary_ .Relationship. tion Bureau (M.I.B.), a non- Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones." Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" profit membership organization of life insurance companies Membership Card No Year Post No State. which operates an information I apply for the amount of insurance indicated below, (check appropriate box or boxes). exchange on behalf of its mem- 6 Units 5 Units 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit Vi Unit bers. Upon request by another The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this member insurance company to enrollment: Answer all questions. which you have applied for life or health insurance, or to which 1. Present occupation? Are you now actively working? a claim is submitted, the M.I.B. Yes n No If no, give reason will supply such company with 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No n Yes n If yes, give date, the information it may have in length of stay and cause its files. Occidental may also release 3. During the last five years, have you had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, information in its file to its re- lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or have you had or received treatment or medication for high blood pressure alcoholism? insurers and to other life in- or No D Yes If yes, give details surance companies to which you may apply for life or health in- I represent that to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this enrollment card are true

and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall surance, or to which a claim is be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to submitted. disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon rece'Dt of a request from Signature of Dated you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis- , 19 Applicant California, closure of any information it The American Legion offers this Insurance through Occidental Life Insurance Company of 777B Home ice: Los Angeles, California may have in your file. Medical GMA-300-19 10-70 °" (Univ.) information will only be dis- closed to your attending physi- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION

If I cian. you question the ac- have received and read the Notice of Disclosure of Information at left. Further, I authorize any curacy of information in the physician, medical practitioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility, in- Bureau's file you may seek cor- surance company, the Medical Information Bureau or other organization, institution or person having rection in accordance with the any records or knowledge of me or of my health to give Occidental Life Insurance Company of procedures set forth in the Fed- California any such information. eral Fair Credit Reporting Act. The address of the Bureau's in- A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. formation office is P.O. Box 105, Dated , 19 Signature of Applicant . Essex Station, Boston, Mass. I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance. My present certificate number is 02112; Phone (617; 426-3660.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 9 .

PRESIDENT RESISTS PROTECTIONISM! CARTER WAVERING ON MINIMUM WAGE. ANOTHER NAVY NUCLEAR POWER FIGHT.

The Carter Administration is walking a be nuclear-powered. .. except when the tight rope in resisting the protectionism President advises Congress it is not in pressures of U.S . industry and labor which the national interest. have been hurt by increasing imports. Last year, the Senate tried to remove the Any move to impose import restrictions requirements for future strike force on foreign products will surely bring ships, but lost the fight in a House-Senate retaliation from our trading partners, conference on the authorization bill. The and increase the world' s economic woes Senate has already moved this year to amend In recent weeks, the administration has the 1974 law, citing the high costs of been negotiating voluntary marketing nuclear powered warships, and Senate agreements with Japan on color TV and conferees are expected to be more "hard- with other nations on shoes. In sugar, nosed" this time around when the legislation Carter has opted for subsidies for domestic comes to another conference between the growers rather than restrictive import two chambers of Congress. limitations on cane sugar. The President's economic advisors believe that the mandatory limiting of imports PEOPLE & QUOTES will further deteriorate our already staggering trade deficits. GOOD BUREAUCRACY tant Attorney General Bar- "My feeling is that the bara Babcock. American bureaucracy is a President Carter appears to be wavering very good bureaucracy, very EVENHANDED on the minimum wage proposal . His adminis- skilled, very dedicated. They "I would not have us pon- tration has asked Congress to increase really can solve problems." tificate against Communist an hour. Nobel Laureate Wassily totalitarianism while exon- the minimum wage from $2.30 to $2.50 Leontief. erating practices of non- Now he has told civil rights , labor and Communist dictatorships." other organizations that he will give NATIONAL DISGRACE Senate Foreign Relations serious thought to raising the level to "This nation is rich in Committee Chairman John Sparkman. in energy potential. It is a na- $5.00 an hour. The AFL-CIO has engaged a tional disgrace that we ever mail lobby campaign for the $3.00 figure. became dependent on foreign CAMPUS CADGERS U.S. business, industry and some veterans sources for as much as a bar- "You did not come to this ." rel of oil. . Consulting university (Brigham Young) have stoutly opposed the $3 . 00 per hour rate Geologist Michael T. Hal- to become a welfare recipient on the grounds that it would increase bouty. or freeloader. When you ac- unemployment , particularly among Vietnam CHEAP GAS cept food stamps, you accept veterans and teen-agers, and would add to the "The U.S. is the only coun- an unearned handout that already growing rate of inflation. Action try where gasoline sells for other people are paying for." Former Agriculture Secre- centers in the House of Representatives. less than a dollar a gallon." Environmental Protection tary Ezra Taft Benson. Agency Administrator Doug- PRESS REVIEW The 25-year-old controversy over nuclear las Costle. "It seems to me that in power for U.S. warships is likely to WE WILL PERSEVERE this age of accountability the continue for some time , with a mix of "We will persevere in seek- press, like all institutions, nuclear and conventionally powered ships ing an early end and a gen- must re-examine its role and uine end to the arms race, responsibility." Former Sec- likely as . a compromise The Government through both a freeze on retary of the Treasury John Accounting Office ( GAP) in a report on this modernization of strategic B. Connally. highly complex and emotional debate , has weapons and substantial re- MORE CONTROLS tried to clarify the issues. ductions in their numbers." President Carter. "The dipsomaniac reaches GAP says that the fight over subs and large for the morning bottle to aircraft carriers has been settled in favor ON PAPER ONLY cure a hangover, the poli- of nuclear power. In 1974, the Congress "Although we have pro- tician reaches for yet more decreed that as a matter of national policy, vided a lawyer on paper for controls to cure those which poor people, we have never have failed." Chairman Myles all new ships — cruisers and large destroyers intended or actually given Jacob, Inspiration Consoli- —constructed for the Navy's strike forces them the real thing." Assis- dated Copper Co.

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 — How Reds Rewrite US History Communist textbooks depict Declaration of Independence as racist

Happily for America^ happily sis of the causes and results of the Soviet text, as a "Virginia planter we trust for the whole human Revolution bring great divergence. known to be a confirmed advocate race, the leaders of the Revolution The lessons of history are taught of the liberation of the colonies pursued a new and more noble by its survivors. Some decide the im- from English oppression." course. They accomplished a revo- portance of an event in the context American scholars note that lution which has no parallel in of its usefulness in the present. Washington did not welcome a break the annals of human society. with England—until convinced that A Soviet View: They reared the fabrics of gov- preserving the colonies' liberty was The Bourgeois Revolution ernments which have no model on impossible short of complete sepa- the face of the globe. Secondary schoolchildren in the ration. —Madison, The Federalist Papers USSR are taught that the American The political ideals of Jefferson Revolution failed to fulfill its prom- are outlined and praised by the schools Children in Communist ise, that it was incomplete because Soviet text, but the author states pa- don't find James Madison's the "bourgeois," the middle-class these ideals failed to be institutional- pers in their reading list. Instead merchants and businessmen, used ized. they are told: "The Declaration of the war to strengthen their domina- "The bourgeoisie used the pro- Independence allowed the white tion of the working class and the gressive ideas of the Declaration to merchants and businessmen to re- farmers. reinforce the power of the wealthy, inforce their power and preserved This may sound odd to Ameri- provided also that they were white," the exploitation of hired workers. can ears, but it is an orthodox Marx- it claims. "The Declaration did not "The Constitution, which was abolish slavery and did not put an secretly established following the end to annihilation of the Indians Revolutionary War, allowed the mer- and their being driven from their chants and plantation slaveowners land, and it preserved the exploita- to grasp political office, while the The Declaration tion of hired workers." people were left in an oppressed The principal cause of this fail- state." Reinforced the ure, according to Soviet analysis, is The first statement could be re- that the "revolutionary bourgeoisie cited by a young Soviet schoolgirl (middle class) led the struggle answering questions during her Wealthy ... If against the royal forces and the pro- American history lesson. letariat (workers)." A Chinese boy, in a People's Re- They Were White' it, public high school, might offer the As the Soviet author puts the American Revolution was, at the second statement to explain "injus- time, a revolutionary war tice" in the American political same and system. a civil war. Progress was made, some liberal political principles The "shot heard round the world" ist view of history. The Soviet text were established, real potential for sent the liberal principles of Amer- selects economics as the principal but the progress and the complete extension ica's founders reverberating through cause of the war, because "the Eng- history, but the sound rings with a lish parliament strove in every way of those principles were short- circuited. different tone and timbre for differ- to cramp the development of indus- While the revolutionary leaders gained independence ent ears. try and trade in the American colo- from The American Revolution was an nies." Britain's colonial rule, the hidden civil at event of such signal importance that "By way of punishment for the war carried on the same time insured the merchants control it cannot be ignored by the text- Boston Tea Party, the English over the farmers and workers. books of any country—democratic Government proclaimed the port of or communist. Marking a break with Boston closed to trade, which caused "Thus during the Revolutionary monarchical political principles and an outbreak of resentment and was War, in the course of a fierce class colonial rule, it crystallized demo- the proximate cause of the rebel- struggle, power in the United States cratic sentiment around the world. lion," it states. passed from one class to another Most of us know the stories of "The poor farmers and workers" from the aristocratic landowners to Washington, Jefferson, Franklin and initiated the complaints against the the commercial and industrial bour- it only geoisie of the North, which ruled in their fellow heroes ; but how does the British, continues. The clash and din of their revolution leaders who figure prominently in alliance with the slaveowning plant- sound to foreign ears. the Soviet text are George Washing- ers of the South," says the Russian Recent translations, by the Dept. ton and Thomas Jefferson. schoolbook. of Health, Education and Welfare, Washington "was known as an "A republic was set up, the equal- of secondary school textbooks from outstanding organizer and the only ity of all before the law was pro- around the world offer a unique op- important military specialist in the claimed, and slavery was gradually portunity to see how the vision of colonies." abolished in the northern states. But America is presented to children of The Soviets de-emphasize Wash- the capitalists and slaveowners took other lands. The facts, dates and ington's background as one of the advantage of the people's victory to significant events are recorded with wealthiest planters in Virginia. strengthen their own domination." little disagreement. But the analy- Washington is referred to, in the (Continued on page 38)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 H — ;

Don't Tell Anyone, but WAC is Thirty Five this Month

WACs parade at Fort Des Moines in 1942 for Col. Oveta Culp Hobby (inset)

t G ^^ou have a debt to democracy, The Army gave the publicity ords were taken to Washington, X a date with destiny." hordes one day, to be followed by a where an evaluating board of 11 psy- These words from Col. Oveta Culp two-week blackout. Knowledgeable chiatrists checked them. Colonel Hobby set the tone of the Army's women candidates made the most of Hobby personally read each of the first women's officer candidate class this: posing as truck drivers, short- final papers. On the night of June 30, that began training at Fort Des wave operators, Red Cross ambulance the selection had been made. Tele- Moines, Iowa, July 20, 1942. Thirty- drivers (no one knew why so many grams went out. The next two weeks five years ago—May 14, 1942 women expected to end up in France were hectic. We had to close out jobs Congress passed the bill creating the as ambulance drivers) and scores of or businesses, take the oath, and be Women's Army Auxiliary Corps. It other jobs women were not listed to at Ft. Des Moines by July 19. became the Women's Army Corps fill. Uniform issue was the first order one year later. Then the publicity was over. We of business after the press left. Reading about the first young were in the Army and all of us were Within an hour, the horrible truth women going off in 1976 to the picking up cigarette butts tossed in emerged—our heavy cotton khaki service academies, the problems and the grass or on the barracks steps. uniforms bore little resemblance to publicity they faced, I remembered What was that first officer candi- the chic models newspapers had those six weeks in Iowa's sweltering date class like? Most women fell in shown. Skirts, cut as if to fit men's heat when 440 American women met the age group of 25 to 39, though 16 hips, buckled and wrinkled across that date. I was one of them. percent were under 25, and 10 per- the stomach. Even the slimmest The publicity that was focused on cent were 40 and over. Selection had women seemed potbellied. Skirts kept our first class seems almost incom- been rigorous, for from this first riding above the knees as we swung prehensible. Reporters, radio an- group the Army planned to draw the along in our 30-inch stride. nouncers, photographers, movie nucleus for its leadership posts. The Army thought that most companies—not to mention digni- The original applicants numbered candidates would be size 16, mini- taries arriving invited and uninvited over 30,000. Elimination included a mum. (We heard the measurements over old cavalry post written aptitude test physical exam had been copied from English wom- —swarmed the ; and headquartered in the day room interviews first by a local board made en's uniforms and concluded that of First Company. (There were four up of an Army officer and local busi- most Englishwomen were large and companies in the class.) It was im- nesswomen, then another personal in- busty.) Many uniforms had to be cut possible to go to the showers or la- terview with Army and personnel down. While that happened, we trines (all in the basement) without experts. donned our brown-striped, seersucker being interviewed and photographed. The possible final candidates' rec- exercise suits—short button-front

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 —

First WACs accept their "OD" issue

dresses over matching bloomers. Jackets of the same hot, stiff khaki material were completely unbecom- ing. A belt added to the stuffed look. As for the "Hobby" hat, fashioned much like a Union soldier's billed hat, but higher, it cut the forehead and ruined any hair style, and it caused real anguish. In front it had a hole where, later, we were to wear an eagle. We called it a "buzzard," because of its design. When the entire summer uniform commander, Col. Don Faith, coming 9:00-9:45—Property accountabil- was worn, it consisted of seven sweat- out one night in the summer dark- ity soaked layers around the waist and ness to discover us marching back 10:05 - 10:45—Company adminis- three around the and forth. He ordered us to barracks tration regulations neck. These in- ; Army cluded at the waistline: rayon panty, and "to bed" immediately. Rarely, and morning report sturdy girdle, heavy rayon jersey however, did "barracks" mean bed. 11:55—Noon mess slip, cotton shirt, double 8.2 chino After a quick shower, we'd put on 1:10-1:55—Punitive Articles of waistband of the skirt, heavy cot- the pajamas and robe of issue to join War ton jacket, double jacket belt. other women studying in the day- 2:05 - 2:50—Wearing of the uni- Around the neck was the shirt neck- room. form; care of clothes and band (about four layers of cotton), Rushing seemed the order of the equipment a mohair tie and the jacket collar. day for the WAAC officer candidates 3:00 - 3:45—Commandant's time As we struggled out of the ware- in 1942. The first letter I sent home (including anything the com- house with our blue duffel bags filled from Ft. Des Moines listed the pro- pany commander thought we with issue items—included with those gram for the week. This was it: ought to do, such as getting above were such others as rayon hose 5:30—Rise, dress, make bed, clean inoculations, having photo- and "sensible" brown shoes—we squad room graphs taken for government noted over the door the inscription: 6:05—Reveille records, etc.) "Through this door pass the best- 6:15—Police duty—including pick- 3:55-4:15—Close order drill dressed women in the world." ing up cigarette butts 4:40—Retreat Anxiety to look well-groomed was 6:30—Breakfast 5:00—Evening mess a real morale factor in camp. We felt 7:10—More cleanup — polishing 6:00—Study period (a list of as- our appearance might well determine shoes; washing and pressing signments for each subject if we would receive our commission clothes lining up shoes under posted daily) ; was at the end of the six-week training bunks in a definite order, Sometimes the schedule included program. Well-shined shoes, the abil- laced, and with the laces set military sanitation and first aid, mil- ity to salute smartly, the 30-inch into the shoes; placing cer- itary customs and courtesy, map steps, the hair above the collar-line tain articles of clothing into reading, defense against chemical at- these and so many other details were the foot lockers; others into tack, defense against air attack, everything. A "gig" (demerit) was a the wall lockers interior guard, mess management catastrophe. 7:30-7: 55—Close order drill- and all other Army courses—except Learning to shout drill commands, learning to salute, march in for combat subjects—that male offi- and even to drill correctly, sent us different formations, call or- cer candidates studied. out in the dusk on our own for addi- ders Today's military academies have tional practice. I remember our post 8:05-8:50—Physical training instructors who know their subjects.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 13 In 1942, this often was not true. A tween heavy Army chow and salads letter the male director of training of undetermined origin. One morn- wrote at that time noted "out of 41 ing was a real catastrophe. We were officers which we requested origi- served something called creamed nally, we got one man who is fitted chipped beef. This to us appeared to for the job at hand." be chopped meat in library glue. We The day's schedule I have listed all promptly dumped it into the gar- points out a number of other prob- bage cans as we left the hall. For lems. We all marched to the consoli- this we were roundly reproached by dated mess hall at the same time. the mess officer. (But chipped beef This meant the last of the 440 stood was never served us again.) in line for an hour. Another shock our class faced was The schedule also reveals that close the Army barracks. Each company order drill and physical training had its own building, with two floors were followed immediately by classes. of open dormitory-type rooms and Phys Ed required the exercise suit. what we learned were latrines and Classes required skirts and shirts showers in the basement. Each (complete with tie). There was no woman was assigned a bed, a wall time for showers between these vari- locker, a foot locker and a metal ous classes. chair. Learning to make that bed Then came the moment when we Army-fashion was the first order of took the Army General Classification business. The smart gals sometimes Test. Future assignments were tied conned an unsuspecting sergeant or in with this test. It was given the lieutenant into "showing them how." evening of the day we received small- The rest of us learned by experimen- pox, tetanus and typhoid shots and tation. One member in my squad then were served a heavy meal. I room slept on her bed for over a A man should teach a woman how to remember sitting in the hot barracks week so as not to ruin the way it make a bed? classroom, trying to forget my sore was made up. arm and heavy head as I struggled "Togetherness" was most difficult tenant colonel, and even to full col- with the answers. The high scores, for many of us. onel in later years. But surely the despite those disadvantages, testify An Army barracks offers no thrill of that first bar could not fade. to the caliber of the women in that privacy. I had been somewhat of a We had, indeed, taken our pledge to class. loner anyway, and I suddenly found meet our date with destiny. Army food was also a source of myself sleeping in a squad room with —Louise Edna Goeden amazement and, of course, constant 15 other women, surrounded by griping. On July 19, the day most of hundreds every day. Sometimes, in The author left active duty in us got to Foil Des Moines, cold cuts the late evening, I would go out to 19Jf6 and retired as a reserve and mashed potatoes mixed with the porch at the rear of the barracks major in 1967. Head of the WAC mayonnaise, which we were assured and look up at the stars, savoring a public relations group in the War was potato salad, were set before us. few moments of quiet before going Department during World War II, It was the beginning of weeks as down to the day room to study. she was later a faculty member at traumatic for the male mess officer But lack of privacy was a small a large senior high school in varied as for the women. Menus be- price to pay for the opportunity of Milwaukee. serving in the Army. We were en- tranced by parades, bands and ceremonies of all sorts. Standing retreat always gave us gooseflesh. Once we learned to salute, we'd cross streets and run out of doors to practice on everything that glistened. The poor male officers, far outnumbered, finally were forced to flee the front walks where they were too obvious. Aug. 29, 1942, marked the commis- sioning of our first class. Colonel Hobby was there, and so was Con- gresswoman Edith Nourse Rogers, who had sponsored the bill creating the WAAC. "You are soldiers and belong to America," she told us. Maj. Gen. James Ulio, the adjutant general; and Maj. Gen. Fred- erick Uhl, commanding general, Seventh Army area, plus other dignitaries saw us pass in review and be sworn in. The gold that gleamed on our

The new breed: A girl cadet at West shoulders that day would in many Times change: A girl recruit for an Point gets a taste of field training cases later turn to the silver of lieu- airborne division poses by insignia

14 THF AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 —

Friend to the Handicapped Merits Legions Top Award New York's Dr. Howard Rusk Cited for Wheelchair Design StTTTTith the proper training and of the convalescent training division, The Legion's citation of Dr. Rusk VV understanding, thousands of office of the Air Surgeon. For many reads, in part: disabled can overcome incredible years he was a member of The Amer- "Whereas, it is in keeping with the physical disadvantages to become ican Legion Medical Advisory Board. principles, purposes and traditions of outstanding workers, citizens and In the 32 years since Dr. Rusk es- this award that it be bestowed upon members of their communities, prov- tablished the New York University an American who ing time and again that it is not Medical School's Department of Re- "Has crusaded to alleviate the body alone, but the spirit that makes habilitation and Physical Medicine, suffering of handicapped people a man." which he transformed into today's throughout the world Few men have done more to help Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, "Has headed the internationally the handicapped and disabled realize known Institute of Rehabilita- that dream than Dr. Howard A. tion Medicine, New York Uni- Rusk, nominated to receive the versity Medical Center American Legion's Distinguished "Has served as Consultant in Service Medal at the national con- Rehabilitation to the United Na- vention in Denver, Aug. 23. The tions medal is the Legion's highest award. "Has been President and Chair- The quotation is drawn from man of the Board of the Rusk's autobiography "A World to American-Korean Foundation Care For." since 1953 A pioneer in the development of "Was, for many years, a member prosthetic devices and other innova- of The American Legion Medi- tions to restore the physically handi- cal Advisory Board capped to useful, meaningful lives, "Has shared his knowledge and Dr. Rusk has most recently helped skill in the field of rehabilitation develop a voice-controlled wheel to the betterment of the physi- chair for the severely handicapped. ." cally handicapped. . . He will demonstrate the device during his appearance on the conven- The Distinguished Service Medal tion platform. His crusade to allevi- will be presented to Dr. Rusk by ate the suffering of the handicapped Nat'l Cdr. William J. Rogers. has won him worldwide acclaim. A native of Brookfield, MO, Dr. Rusk is professor and chairman of Rusk practiced internal medicine the Department of Rehabilitation from 1926 to 1942 in St. Louis, where and Physical Medicine at York he was an instructor at the Washing- New Dr. Howard A. Rusk University's College of Medicine, ton University School of Medicine and he is president of the World accepted therapy for the perma- and associate chief of staff at St. Rehabilitation Fund. nently disabled has undergone a vast Luke's hospital. The famed physician and pioneer change. In addition to his academic re- in rehabilitation of the handicapped Where disabled patients previously sponsibilities at New York Univer- holds the Distinguished Service had to resign themselves to a life- sity, Dr. Rusk has been a member of Medal and three Lasker awards for time of dependence on others, they the Visiting Committee, School of international rehabilitation, medical now, through the work of hospitals Hygiene and Public Health, Johns journalism and public health. He also such as the Institute of Rehabilita- Hopkins University in Baltimore, holds 16 honorary degrees both in tion Medicine, can find a way back MD; a visiting lecturer on public this country and abroad. into the mainstream of life. health practice, Harvard School of Dr. Rusk has authored four books Dr. Rusk felt throughout his medi- Public Health; a member of the and co-authored a fifth. Since 1945 cal career that the physician's re- board of trustees, University of he has been a contributing editor to sponsibility lay with the entire man Pennsylvania; and a member of the the New York Times. He also was a he was treating, not just with the President's Commission on heart dis- consultant to the Baruch committee specific area of complaint. This was ease, cancer and stroke, serving as on physical medicine to the Veterans an idea that was driven home to him chairman of the Rehabilitation sub- Administration and has served in a forcibly during World War II when committee. similar capacity with the United Na- he was able to reduce the convales- Despite his heavy schedule, Dr. tions and as a rehabilitation con- cent period of confined and ambula- Rusk in recent years has observed sultant to the New York City De- tory airmen by from 30 to 40 and studied rehabilitation services in partment of Hospitals. percent by giving each individual 48 nations. In World War II, he served as a patient an insight into the purpose Dr. Rusk lives with his wife in colonel in the Marine Corps as chief of their therapy program. New York City.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 15 tt »H»HAT'VE you got? Gwilliam cans and 21 million worldwide. This Through the years only isolated yy what?", friends asked after prompted Congress to heed the Presi- cases were reported until attention I was stricken by a mysterious pa- dent's urgent request for funds to was focused on it in the 1920's and ralysis, almost four years ago. I immunize every American against 30's by later French neurologists, led didn't know what it was. I cared less the disease. Holding up action was by Dr. George Charles Guillain, how it was spelled or pronounced. legislation stalled in the House Barre and others. But, I was soon to learn all about it. Health Subcommittee authorizing Guillain-Barre Syndrome is actu- It was around Labor Day, 1973, the Government to pick up the tab ally a form of acute polyneuritis, of when I was ordered into the hospital for liability insurance. which there are almost a dozen dif- as an emergency case suffering from Scare No. 2: The Mystery Disease. ferent types. Its clinical classification, "Guillain-Barre Syndrome." I was In July, a year ago, during the to distinguish it from the others, is puzzled by the urgency. I couldn't Pennsylvania Department Conven- "infectious polyneuritis." A simple imagine, at the time, how an illness tion in Philadelphia, a deadly but definition is "a bacterial or viral with such a romantic French name undefined illness struck and killed 27 disease affecting and inflaming the could possibly be serious. Little did American Legion members and hos- nerves of the body." Of all known I imagine it would render me help- pitalized 149 others. At that time, types, Guillain-Barre is the second less for months and incapacitate me two other persons died and 31 others most prevalent, surpassed only by for more than three years. were stricken, all non-Legionnaires. "alcoholic polyneuritis." It also plays Until December 1976, I used to Health authorities expressed fear no favorites and affects either think of myself as a member of a that this might be the first major sex equally. Although it appears unique and exclusive club—Recov- outbreak of swine flu. The House most frequently during the ages of ered Victims of Guillain-Barre. I was Health Subcommittee promptly re- 30 and 40, it has been observed in completely deflated when my myste- leased the liability measure which children as young as two and in rious enemy made international Congress passed and the President adults in their 90's.

Paralysis That Made Us Forget

The Swine Flu

headlines and almost stampeded a signed into law. On October 1, the What causes the disease? No one national panic. It was no longer ex- first public vaccine shots were given knows. It is a true medical mystery. Guillain-Barre. clusive and I was no longer unique. in Indianapolis. There is no clue for Guillain-Barre, or "ascending pa- Scare No. 3: Guillain-Barre Syn- At various times, attempts have been ralysis," or "French paralysis," drome. From the start, the swine flu made to isolate a virus from the spinal fluid, brain and spinal which is the same disease, has a campaign ran into difficulties. De- blood, reputation for striking without spite numerous problems the pro- cord. All have failed. There is some disease is allergic warning, just as it did this past De- gram was continued. Then, on Dec. conjecture that the cember, replacing the swine flu as 16, only two and a half months after in origin because it has been trans- the real national health threat. the first public swine flu shots, fed- mitted to laboratory animals through injections. However, It is a shame that our Bicentennial eral health officials called off the nerve extract year (1976) was marred by repeated program. The reason ? Guillain-Barre not enough evidence is in and the victims those scientific jury is still out. health scares ; first swine flu threats, was claiming among then the mysterious disease that who had received the shots. Since I am, I must admit, an expert on struck American Legionnaires in February, there has been a partial Guillain-Barre Syndrome. No, not as fraternity, Pennsylvania and finally, Guillain- resumption of the flu shot program. a member of the medical Barre Syndrome. All three are unre- Just what is Guillain-Barre Syn- but as an intimate victim. I have recovered lated, yet each played a role tying drome? Unlike the Mystery Disease, known it well, and have residual ef- one to the other. which medical researchers are still from it except for some Scare No. 1: The swine flu. Early studying, Guillain-Barre has been fects. text, the in February last year, at Ft. Dix, known for almost 150 years. In 1859, According to a neurology NJ, an army recruit died of swine a French professor of neurology, Dr. first symptom and sign of Guillain- is upper respiratory flu. Worried public health experts at Jean Baptiste Octave Landry, de- Barre "a mild infec- the Federal Center for Disease Con- scribed the syndrome to be "an acute infection . . . symptoms of the days and trol, Atlanta, reported it to be as ascending spinal paralysis which tion usually last only a few neu- potentially deadly as the 1918-19 flu usually begins in the muscles of the subside before the onset of the de- pandemic that killed 500,000 Ameri- feet." ritic symptoms, which usually

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 )

velop after an interval of five to 12 days. The initial neurological symptom is usually weakness of the lower extremities which extends within 24 \feterans! to 72 hours to the upper extremi- ." ties. . . Just before Labor Day 1973, I had returned from a vacation suffering Retirement homes a severe cold. Like most colds, it in lasted a few days and then was gone. sunny Florida, About a week later, in my office, I arose from my chair and felt un- From steady. Unsteady enough to remark to a colleague, jokingly, that I had not been to a drinking man's lunch. That afternoon, I left the office and $24990* was walking to the train station r Lot included when I stopped suddenly, filled with panic. I felt I was about to topple over. In a cold sweat, I made my way No cash down* No closing costs. to the nearest building wall for support. I was not aware, then, that Guillain-Barre was introducing itself. Choose from 2 and 3 bedroom single family homes with Arriving at my home station, I fully landscaped lot, central water and sewer, one-car was walking to the stairway when another puzzling event occurred. The garage, spacious recreational complex with heated pool, concrete underfoot was behaving like lighted tennis courts, shuffleboard courts. . .and many a springboard. It seemed to be giv- other standard features. Close to American Legion Post ing way under each step. Descending the stairs, I was presented with yet 1 10 in Port Charlotte and Post 276 in Englewood. another surprise. As I stepped down Near golf courses, fishing, to a lower step, the front of my foot PORT boating CHARLOTTE and toes dropped. The muscles of my and shopping malls. ENGLEWOOD ankles were not functioning. Send the coupon today for a I managed to arrive home without FREE information kit that incident. Once there, and with the car in the garage, I reached up to includes model plans, color pull the latch release cord to lower brochure, prices and a list of 39 * 100% VA mortgages available for qualified the garage door. I felt the cord standard features. veterans. PRICES subject to change without stretching like soft molasses. I looked notice. Offer void where prohibited by law. up. My hand hadn't moved and the latch was still secure! Entering the house,. I sat down by the kitchen table and cradled my head on my arms. No sooner was my head down when I bolted upright. So befuddled was I that I thought the weight of my arms and head was pushing the table top to the floor. Of course this wasn't happening, I just felt it was. The table was solid and unyielding. What was happening, although I didn't know it, was that the nerve network to my arms and legs was INDEPENDENCE becoming impaired. Messages being sent from my brain to muscles were VILLAGE*! traveling along damaged nerve The Gardens of Gulf Cove Port Charlotte, Florida routes and the information received (813) 697-3434 by my muscles was distorted. Simply told, nerves are the messengers of INDEPENDENCE VILLAGE, INC. the brain. For example, if we cut a 51 1 East Coliseum Blvd. AL-4 finger, no pain is felt until the nerves Port Charlotte, FL 33953 of the skin send a message to the Send my FREE Independence Village Kit (color brochure, model pla and prices) by return mail. brain. Only then can pain be felt. Nerves also carry messages from the Address . brain to the muscles which control City -State balance, regulate our heartbeat and Interested in a home with 2 bedrooms 3 bedrooms our breathing, along with many I would like to plan a visit to Independence Village NO COST OR OBLIGATION Phone other actions. If something interferes §

(Continued on page 1^2

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 \J hree centuries ago, a group of T established industrious colonists America's first successful ironworks at Saugus in Massachusetts. The ironworks was vital. New settlements were rising and nails, hammers, plows, saws, axes and scythes were

Off The Highway

needed to open the country. By 1640 the population of the Colony had grown from the original 137 to close to 10,000. Saugus was not the first ironworks in the New World. But it was the first really effective working of American iron ores into useful metal. It was truly the cradle of the U.S. steel industry, our first Pittsburgh. Built 130 years before the American Revolution, its ingenious rolling and slitting mill was one of only a dozen in the world. The ironworks, which has now been restored, is at once a shrine to the pioneer capitalists and to managers and workers of Colonial days. It was the first large-scale corporate industrial enterprise in America. A general view of the Saugus, MA, ironworks is shown above, while below a worker Backed by private capital, run by demonstrates the operation of the giant forge hammer men in search of profit through sup- was plying a genuine need to the public, takers for the Iron Works in New Their ownership of shares personal than in a mod- it was in many ways the proto- England," was organized in London. much more of type of modern industrial America. Investors came from both sides of ern corporation, but the Company The ironworks was built by John the Atlantic, including merchants, Undertakers stands out for its com- of technical men, men ex- Winthrop, Jr., and Richard Leader in ironmasters, lawyers, brewers, civil bination sale of 1646. Finding rusty scum on a stag- servants, tailors, physicians and perienced in the making and favorable to the nant pool, Winthrop suspected iron clergymen. The starting capital was iron and Puritans political economic aspirations of ore. In England he found eager 1,000 pounds sterling. Later, invest- and overseas. They in- investors. ments brought the total to about their brethren they hoped To finance the project, a group 15,000 pounds, or about $165,000 by vested for two reasons: (Continued on page 36) known as the "Company of Under- today's reckoning.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 . .

Veterans Newsletter

GI HOME LOANS CONTINUE AT RECORD PACE ; Billion. . .Amendment adopted to spend $175 VA received 71,136 home appraisal requests Million on WW I pension benef its .. .would

in one month. . .highest in nearly 21 years. . pay $150 monthly pension to eligible WW I up 12 percent over a year ago. . .328, 608 vets or survivor ... Same effort before 94th appraisal requests in first half of FY-77... Congress died in committee .. .Maybe this Loan application, the second step, for time for WW I vets .. .Legion committed to same period was 205, 256... up 22 percent over income maintenance program for veterans who same period last year...VA officials cite are totally disabled by reason of age 1975 law that eased eligibility. .. if old or physical condition. loan has been satisfied, you may be eligible for new loan. LINK BETWEEN FALLOUT AND LEUKEMIA??? : Nat'l Center for Disease Control looking for THANK YOU, PHILIPPINE MEDAL WINNERS : soldiers exposed to atomic bomb test 20 In continuing saga of the P.I. medal... years ago... to check out possibility of several have written. .. several have leukemia-radiation tie-up... Two Army vets received. . .patience is a virtue... one who were at 44-kiloton bomb test in Yucca veteran started his quest in 1954... lost Flats, NV on Aug. 31, 1957 have developed one set in mail...rec'd another in 1975... leukemia. . .Vets were among 1,100 soldiers Indications are Philippine Gov't is trying in the South Airborne Battalion of 82nd to fulfill requests. . .three to five years Inf. Div. stationed near bomb site. is average wait... hang in there. BELL BOTTOM BLUES BACK : Navy may return GRANT AVAILABLE FOR SERIOUSLY DISABLED to those bold days of yesteryear and put VETS: Max Cleland, VA Administrator... sailors back into bell bottom trousers, Vietnam triple amputee ... says grant of up jumpers and little white hats .. .Recent poll to $25,000 available for vets permanently shows 86 percent of sailors favor restoring disabled through military service for old-style uniform, popular for many years "wheelchair homes. ".. .Grant can be applied BZ (before Zumwalt) ... Style change cost... to new home. . .remodel existing home... or $42 Million. . .Will they also bring back pay off money owed on home vet has modified the 13 buttons? at own expense. . .Requirements are stringent ...interested vets should contact local VA. WARREN AND ALICE MERCHANT display the plaque presented to them by the National NEW VA CEMETERY CHIEF NAMED : Carl T. Noll Veterans Af- named director of VA Nat * 1 Cemetery System fairs and Re- ...was deputy .. .Legionnaire Noll heads habilitation system of 82 cemeteries. . .21 at VA hospitals. Commission for their work at LEGION OFFICIAL VISITS REPUBLIC OF the VA Hospital CHINA: Whitfield, Legion Hqs James S. at Togus, ME Director, represented Nat'l Cdr. Executive over the past annual convention of William J. Rogers at 25 years. A Commission for Vocational Assistance member of Taipei .. .Whitfield Retired Servicemen in Camden's Post reaffirmed assured VACRS that Legion has Merchant Republic of China. 30, long standing support of and his wife have spent MILITARY FUNERALS NOT AVAILABLE TO ALL : Defense regrets not all who request military nearly 7,500 funeral support will get it .. .Military hours working Services provide firing squad and bugler with patients at the when available. . .first priority to active hospital. and retired. . .Problem is lack of manpower, budget, a need to conserve energy... and VETERANS ORGANIZATIONS EFFECTIVE ON growing number of vets dying each year. . Defense gets some help from Reserve and CAPITOL HILL: James Naught on writes in NY Guard and vets organizations ... says TIMES that American Legion and other Vets frequency of requests, timing, distance, Groups are extraordinarily effective in costs, civilian occupations of participants, lobbying for veteran' s "pensions, education and fact that it's all voluntary makes for grants and medical treatment —and the difficulty. structure of Federal agencies providing " them. . . .TIMES cites successful effort of WORLD WAR I PENSION SOUGHT : House Vets organizations in blocking abolishment recommended budget for FY-78 is $464.5 of Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 29 —

Leycester Hospital as seen from the main street of Warwick, England. Guildhall is at left with its huge oak doors behind the trees

Not every regimental command- of thousands of destitute civilians. tian duty," he said, "to offer these ing officer would have the Public charity was erratic and in- loyal followers protection from the compassion—or resources—of Rob- adequate. A few shillings offered on evil ways of vagabonds and thieves. ert Dudley, Earl of Leycester, to in- a whim by a man of wealth was in- They must know dignity even to the sure the comfort and well-being of deed a bonanza. end." his demobilized soldiers. In 1571, he London had four hospitals for the In Warwick, he chose a delightful purchased a collection of stately care of the sick and poor in the setting for his sanctuary. The city buildings in the town of Warwick, mid-1500's. In the rural parishes, is situated in the midst of green, and converted them into a home for facilities were almost nonexistent. rolling farmlands, 45 miles north- the aged and infirm soldiers of his Bethlehem—'Bedlam' for short west of London, eight miles east of regiment and their wives. provided for the sick in crowded Stratford. The placid river Avon Then, using his political influence rooms where unpalatable meals, fre- meanders past the ancient East Gate as a close friend and advisor to quent whippings and a pervasive and beneath the battlements of Queen Elizabeth I, he secured a sense of shame created "peep show" spectacular Warwick Castle. Sturdy Royal Charter to incorporate his entertainment for the public within and somber Tudor houses lean cra- venture. With annual funding of 200 months of its opening in 1547. zily over the narrow streets and cob- pounds—the equivalent of 10 years' The vacant royal palace at Bride- bled alleys. Walkways often overflow salary for a highly placed civil ser- well was reopened in 1557 as "a with jostling tourists and friendly vant in that era—financial security house of correction for idle vaga- locals, but Leycester Hospital still was assured for Leycester Hospital bonds." Many retired soldiers were provides a place of quiet retreat. (pronounced Lester). It could be con- forced to spend their declining years Perhaps the sense of peace comes sidered a forerunner of the modern in its dark, unventilated rooms. with extreme age. The massive oak veterans hospital system in the The discrimination was equally doors of the hospital's outer court- United States. conspicuous on the outside. The pub- yard open on centuries of history. To appreciate Leycester Hospital's lic had little regard for soldiers who The site was old when Dudley se- importance, consider the conditions had no battle to fight. cured his charter. The compact of the time. The homeless soldier So Robert Dudley's act was a rare Chapel of Saint James, built in 1123, shared the equally desperate plight and farseeing thing. "It is our Chris- is perched boldly over the archway

20 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 —

of the city's West Gate; the large this former master remembered the timbers soar into the ceiling, narrow and imposing guildhall, meeting poor and deserving with sizable leg- leaded windows peer into the inner place for the exclusive and powerful acies. To impoverished scholars of courtyard. medieval guilds, dates from the Cambridge he gave 20 marks, and "It was originally used for reli- 1300's. "to the poor of Warwick 20 marks." gious feasts and wedding celebra- Former soldiers still at the hos- His brother William Cartwright was tions," Maloney explained. "But the pital are referred to as "Brethren," to get 40 marks yearly "if he live most memorable banquet was held in recalling the old words of the char- honestly and respectably, not roam- 1617 when King James I and a string ." ter. As in Dudley's time, they are ing about from place to place. . . of followers came for dinner. The selected on the basis of need and As we walked on in the sunshine King left his name to honor the hall length of service in British Armed toward the Great Hall of King and a debt to burden the city. The Forces. James, Maloney mused on the fate citizens were 10 years in clearing the They live in ample quarters off the which confronted the homeless 16th cost of that bash." inner courtyard, take their meals in century soldier. "He was very often The hall still hosts dances, wed- the 500-year-old kitchen, and wor- an outcast, a wanderer, surviving ding receptions and special events ship in the tiny chapel every week- only on what he could beg or steal," for families of servicemen in the day morning. On Sundays, they the old sergeant said. "There just Warwick area. march in formation behind the resi- weren't any alternatives. And he suf- The home's master's house has dent master to the Church of St. fered doubly for his miserable way been in constant occupation since the Mary, proud and resplendent in of life if he ever came afoul of the late 1300's, first by the priests who Elizabethan caps and gowns adorned law." sang mass in the chapel, then by suc- with the silver badges of the Bear He pulled from his pocket a small cessive masters of the hospital. and Ragged Staff, heraldic emblems notebook and let me read a 1577 Heraldic shields still hang from the of the Dudley family. The badges exterior timbers. Chivalric mottoes were presented to the first Brethren are painted beneath the gabled win- by Queen Elizabeth I. dows: 'Fear God; Love the Brother- One resident of the hospital is hood; Honour the King.' Hugh Maloney, sergeant, Royal Fu- In the guildhall, Maloney pointed to siliers. He is a short, wiry man whose a curious chair at the far end of lively movements and alert speech the meeting table. It was three- belie his 78 years. Like so many cornered, and though rough-hewn, Englishmen, he lives in perfect har- appeared quite sturdy. mony with his country's history. "That's an ancient Saxon sentinel's chair," Offering his services as guide, he he said. "A guard would sit in it facing the rest spoke admiringly of Dudley—his and holding his tone suggesting that His Lordship spear upright. Then if he fell asleep had stepped away for only a he'd be likely to fall backwards and moment. wake himself before any damage was done. 'Course, he shouldn't be sitting "Some men look on him as an op- in the first place." portunist and career diplomat," Ma- ftonour + all + m«n Covering the east wall was a long loney said. "A man who was rack of polished swords, souvenirs constantly bending the ear of his from various services and campaigns. Queen for his personal advancement. An elaborate carving of Dudley family's Maloney lifted one down for to Granted, he had vast estates to main- heraldic emblem: Bear and Ragged Staff me examine. It was light and well- tain, a large regiment to equip and edict describing suitable punishment balanced. keep. Even had his own intelligence for vagabonds: "This one's a prize," Maloney service to inform him of the latest said. "The rogue being apprehended, "It belonged to Sir Francis Drake, Court intrigues. He was as con- committed to prison, and tried in the the famous explorer and cerned as any man of rank with another next assises ... if he happens to be favorite of the Queen. Used it during keeping his head from the block. But convicted for a vagabond, either by the invasion of the Spanish what he did here was the act of a Armada inquest of office, or the testimonie of ." in 1588. That was the year of Lord generous, selfless . . man. two honest and credible witnesses Dudley's death, and it came to the He led me up the worn stone steps upon their oaths, he is then immedi- hospital as a special remembrance." of the chapel and pushed back the atlie adjudged to be greevouslie A small display cabinet was clut- thick arched door. whipped and burned through the tered with symbols of past glories The small interior was hushed and gristle of the right eare, with an hot a crinkled cartridge case, regimental radiant. Bars of golden light flooded iron of the compasse of an inche badges, tarnished medals. In one through the magnificent stained about. ... If he be the taken second corner was a German officer's dag- glass windows behind the altar. Over time ... he shall be whipped againe, ger, taken at the Somme; beside it, the nave were suspended four golden bored likewise through the second a cluster of musket balls from Wa- candleholders in the shape of crowns, eare, and set to service; from terloo. A shiny, blunt slug bears made by skilled master craftsmen whence if he depart before a yeare this card: "One of our residents car- in 1450. Elaborately carved stalls of be expired he is ... condemned to ried that in his knee for years, from satiny rosewood, used by the Breth- suffer paines of death as a fellon . . . the Crimea." ren and their wives, stood along the without benefit of clergie or sanc- "All of this was left by the boys ." north and south walls. tuarie. . . who lived among us," Maloney said, On the wall outside the main en- The Great Hall is aptly named. It "usually found in their belongings trance was a curious document, a is a medieval dining room of lofty when they died. For most of them it framed copy of the "Will of Thomas and majestic proportions, reflecting was the only worldly treasures they Cartwright," dated 10 May, 1603. the eminence of the guildsmen who accumulated during their lives." True to the spirit of the hospital, built it in 1383. Massive oak roof —Gary Thomson THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 21 .

WASHINGTON Opposing Views by Congressmen on The Question . . PRO & CON

Should Congressional

the 1976 Presidential campaign—for the first good government the In taxpayer time in a long time—there was no "for sale" sign hard-pressed planted on the White House lawn. can make. When Jimmy Carter took office there were no Some say public fi- will simply in- strings attached—no "fat cat" contributors to re- nancing ward with choice ambassadorships, no special increase protection for incumbents, but it would terest groups to repay with special favors. The better reason was simple: because of public financing of be hard to create than the pres- the Presidential campaign, neither Jimmy Carter protection incum- nor Gerald Ford had to go around, as President ent system where their bents win reelection 95 Kennedy once put it, "with their hats in of the time. If hands." percent Sen. Dick Clark really Having been shut out of the Presidential elec- public financing (D-IA) looking were a boon to incum tions, however, the big private dollars went bents, you can bet they would have adopted it long for fresh fields to conquer. They didn't have to look far to find the U.S. Congress. ago. Still others say public financing would isolate From 1974 to 1976, special interest contributions per- candidates from the people, turning them into to Congressional races jumped more than 80 funded "professional politicians." Yet, cent. In two years, business and trade group con- federally that elected representatives listened to tributions increased from $2.5 million to $7.1 isn't it time people—on an equal basis—rather than only million. That did not quite match the $8.2 million all the handful of big contributors? shelled out by organized labor. to a public financing is right for Presidential elec- Most analysts feel this is only the beginning. Un- If for Congress tions—and it is—then it clearly is also right less we act soon, the '78 campaign will find Congressional elections. Congressional public fi- literally awash in a sea of special interest money. political nancing will, in my judgement, greatly increase Money is necessary for a competitive Congress—and thus strengthen system where incumbents do not automatically public confidence in foundation of our Constitutional system. dominate elections. the very But we can replace the huge contributions of big business, big labor and the wealthy with a combination of small private contributions from individual citizens and public funds collected through the voluntary $1 income tax checkoff. Opponents of public financing argue that it is "a raid on the federal treasury." Yet, Congressional only public financing will cost each American in pennies a year. I think it's the best investment

of your Senators know how you feel If you wish to let your Congressman or one

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 Races Be Publicly Financed?

n 1974, for the first cuts a number of ways. First, it constitutes a serious i time in the nation's abridgement of the individual's right of freedom of history, an American political expression. Intrinsic to that right is the President was forced to freedom of each citizen to select and support, by resign his office. For me, contributions or otherwise, the candidate of his or as a Republican, Water- her choice. Conversely, individuals should be free gate was a trying and ter- to refrain from exercising the right to participate. rible experience. As I sat Secondly, the Congress already has become far through the months of too isolated from the economic and social main- hearings, I became con- stream of American life. The expenditure limita- vinced that fundamental tions of public financing would confine a candidate reforms of the electoral to Sen. Howard Baker the efficiency of television and even further fore- process were required to (R-TN) close his exposure to the public he is to serve. strengthen the Federal Finally, public financing of Congressional cam- Election of 1971 to lessen the Campaign Act and paigns will have one other ramification to which I possibility that similar in events could occur the am unalterably opposed. There is no way to ad- future. minister it without the addition of yet another Among the reforms suggested were more strin- expensive federal bureaucracy. The federal bu- gent limitations on contributions, coupled with reaucracy and the burden on the taxpayer are complete and timely disclosure of contributions and already large enough; we do not need to contribute expenditures, or, alternatively, a system of public to increasing either one and particularly not with a financing for elections to federal office. program which offers the taxpayer so little in return. In its final report, the Watergate Committee recommended an improved system of stringently regulated, privately financed federal elections. As then, I continue to believe that public financing is not a remedy for the obvious wrongs of Watergate and might well create or exacerbate a number of potentially greater problems, the most serious of which is the erosion of the individual citizen's ability to participate in the democratic process. Full disclosures and contribution limitations are, in effect, limitations placed on the individual's ability to participate in the democratic process. However, as past events have demonstrated, these I have read in The American Legion Magazine for July the arguments in PRO & CON: "Should Congressional limitations are both reasonable and necessary. Races Be Publicly Financed?" In precluding the individual's participation in the IN MY OPINION THE ANSWER TO THIS QUESTION IS: democratic process, public financing is a sword that YES NO

ADDRESS SIGNED - issue, fill out the "ballot" and mail it to him. > TOWN STATE.

You can address any Representative c/o U.S. House of Representatives, Wash- ington, D.C. 20515; any Senator c/o U.S. Senate. Washington, O.C. 20510.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 23 TheSeagram J present the Gi Granada Give r OFFICIAL COUPON

The Seagram Posts American Legion P.O. Box 1300 Denver, Col. 80201 Gentlemen: # I am a dues paid member of Post American Legion,

or of Unit # , American Legion Auxiliary located in

(City) (State) .

Please enter my name in the free drawings for two Ford Granada 2-door Hardtops donated by the Seagram Posts to the American Legion National Convention Corporation of Colorado. Drawingstobe held Saturday, August 20, 1977atMile High Stadium, Denver, Colorado. Entries must be received no later than midnight, August 19, 1977.

Name .

Address

City State Zip

Legion or Auxiliary Membership Card *

SEAGRAM POSTS 31st FORD AWARDS

No jingles to write. No puzzles to fill in. You don't even have to be at the Convention to win. For the 31st consecutive year Seagram Posts 658, California; 807, Illinois; and 1283, New York are donating two brand new Fords to the American Legion 1977 National Convention Corporation of Colorado, Inc.

If you win one, your post will win an extra $250, also donated by the Seagram Posts. Drawings will be held Saturday, August 20, 1977 at Mile High Stadium, Denver, Colorado.

To enter, all you have to do is send in an official coupon. (No facsimile per- mitted.) Of course, you have to be a dues-paid member, and your entry must be received by midnight, August 19, 1977. Don't send your membership card. Good Luck!! NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS

Halt Arms For Panama, Legion Urges

The American Legion is urging the United States Government to cease shipments of military equipment to the Republic of Panama. The resolution, passed by the Na- tional Executive Committee at the May 2-5 Indianapolis meeting, calls for a halt in recent shipments of 16 armored command cars and armored personnel carriers for the Panama National Guard. The resolution cites the general hostility of the General Torrijos government toward the United States and the Torrijo demand for full control of the Panama Canal. In another area of foreign relations concern, the NEC has called for a policy study on the Republic of South Africa. The resolution calls upon The American Legion to encourage and support an urgent nationwide educational program on the increasing importance of the economic, political and military significance of South Africa and the national interests of the U.S. • Closer to home, the National Execu- tive Committee approved a resolution to support and sponsor legislation that would deny veterans benefits to those individuals whose discharges are up- graded under the present revised pro- cedure for certain veterans of the Vietnam war. • Taking issue with President Carter's pardon of selective service violators and the administration's purported plan (Continued on page 29)

Top: Robert Gros, Indiana Gov. Otis Bowen, M.D. and National Cdr. William J. Rogers share a light moment before the National Executive Committee banquet. Second row: Rogers and Auxiliary President Norma Brown display Auxiliary checks that will help support Legion programs; Rogers and Membership Chair- man Steve Carver pick convention trip winners; third row: Indianapolis Vice Mayor Bruce Melchert presents Rogers with key to city; Ray Mills (ME), aide to national commander, enjoys buffet with Mrs. Carolyn Watkins, wife of Public Re- lations Director James Watkins: Fourth Row: Rehab Director Ed Golembieski re- views resolutions with Rehab Chairman W. F. Lenker; Cdr. Rogers and President Brown accept thanks of Vincent Marazita, Lansing, Ml for 1976 Bicentennial Boys/ Girls Nation.

26 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 Memories of Old Conventions

Denver l€¥~ WIN A HANDSOME NEW FORD ~W Mail to: The Seagram Posts Next! American Legion OFFICIAL COUPON As the August national P.O. 1300 convention at Denver draws Denver, Colorado 80201 near, Legion memories go back. Remember the hi-jinks Gentlemen: Fifth on Avenue and the 1 am a dues-paid member of Post # , American big New York parade of Legion Auxiliary 1947 (top)? Or 200 new Legion, or of Unit # , American Chevrolets (inset) on parade in Miami in 1934? Or located in (City) .(State). President Eisenhower in Please enter my name in the free drawings for two Ford Granada 2-door Hardtops Washington, DC in 1954? Or California's Harry L. donated by the Seagram Posts to the American Legion National Convention Corpo- Harris examining bell of his ration of Colorado. Drawings to be held Saturday, August 20, 1977 at Mile High

World War I cruiser USS Stadium, Denver, Colorado. Entries must be received no later than midnight, August Denver at Denver in 1961? 19, 1977. Or Past Commander James O'Neil and Associate Jus- (Please Print) tice Owen J. Roberts with Name President Truman at the White House in 1947? To

Address . help get you in the spirit of Denver, 1977, we're printing an extra coupon City -State. for Seagram's new car contest. Good luck! Legion or Auxiliary Membership Card # SEAGRAM POSTS 31ST FORD AWARDS )

Search Goes on For Philadelphia Clues; One Cured

Nearly a year after the outbreak of the mysterious disease that killed 29 people, 27 of whom were Legion- naires, at least one patient has been successfully cured. Pennsylvania State Health Depart- ment officials have announced that a Jim Hubbard, Director G. Michael Schlee, Frank Manson and Spence Leopard (left to right) discuss foreign affairs and national security matters during conference commonly used antibiotic, Erythromy- cin, was successful in the treatment of a 53-year-old Elk county man. Small But Vital The drug had been shown effective in treating animal cases of the ailment but had never been tested on a human with a severe case of the disease, 'Think Tank' according to Health Secretary Dr. Leonard Bachman. Twenty-five persons with minor cases of the disease had been successfully treated with For The Legion Erythromycin. In December, the Center for Disease

. . . on political, economic and military The Panama Canal Southern the Control at Atlanta, GA identified a

. . . spheres of interest of approximately 95 Africa . . . the defense budget previously unknown bacterium as the

. . . per cent of the nations in the world. cruise missiles and Bl bombers cause of the disease. Officials still do

. material is reviewed, re- pardon of draft evaders . . unioniza- From them not know the source of the bacterium,

. . . searched, analyzed and edited into tion of the Armed Forces U.S. role how it is transmitted, why some peo- in the all are topics background reports on resolutions sub- United Nations— ple who are infected become ill, why approval to the National Se- for today's headlines—all are top areas mitted for some die, and why others carry the of concern of the National Security/ curity Commission, headed by Emmett bacterium but are not affected. They Foreign Foreign Relations Division, headquar- G. Lenihan (WA), and the also do not know how widespread the of Relations Commission, chaired by Dr. tered in the Washington offices The disease is, how often it can occur, or Robert P. Foster American Legion. (MO). the long range effect to those who by Michael Schlee, the Satisfying the mandates of The Headed G. become ill and recover. division is the and ears of American Legion by presenting expert eyes Na- The disease initially resembles pneu- tional Cdr. William J. Rogers in the testimony before Senate and House monia; it is the presence of the bac- committees is an important part of the areas of foreign affairs and national terium that distinguishes what came division's responsibilities. Schlee fre- defense. to be called "Legionnaires' Disease." consider it vitally important to quently presents material on Capitol "We The name was applied by the media the informed in Hill to make the Congress aware of the keep commander after 149 Legionnaires were stricken these areas," said Schlee, a Vietnam Legion's position on defense and for- at the 1976 department convention at veteran. eign policy. "These subjects are high on Philadelphia's Bellevue-Stratford Hotel. Maintaining close contact with the the agenda as speech topics, and we An additional 31 non-Legionnaires want to sure he's informed of Department of Defense and individual make were also hit by the illness at that time. they service representatives, as well as mem- developments as happen." It subsequently has been learned that bers of Congress, is a major part of a In addition to national and interna- 16 deaths in a Washington, DC mental tional affairs, the division administers successful National Security/ Foreign hospital in 1966 were attributed to the Division. It is one of the other Legion programs. Law and order/ Relations same cause. resistance, Officer Train- smallest in the Legion in terms of peo- crime Reserve Because the 1966 deaths baffled doc- ing Corps awards, aerospace education, ple assigned, but one of the most im- tors at the time, blood from the vic- and the Legion blood are the portant in presenting Legion policy to program tims was saved. When tested against concern of Schlee's division. the nation. the now isolated bacterium found in Assisting Schlee in this effort are the lungs of Legionnaire victims of Frank a retired captain Manson, Navy 1976, comparisons proved positive. who served for years in the many U.S. Similar comparisons were made of 37 embassy in London and who now acts patients in a 1968 Pontiac, MI epi- as Legion counselor for foreign rela- demic in which 144 people complained tions; Jim Hubbard, Vietnam era Army of high fever, headaches, chills and veteran, assistant director for national muscle aches; 32 tests proved positive. security; and Spence Leopard, a career In September 1974, 16 people Air Force veteran, who is a research attending an Odd Fellows convention associate. Schlee was an Army officer at the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel became in Vietnam and still pulls reserve duty. ill. Three died. The serological test of Leopard maintains library the a on those victims' blood confirmed to medi- functional areas of the division. In the cal officials that they also had been foreign affairs area, files are maintained Lenihan Foster (Continued on page 33

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 Wh? What? Where?

Eyewitness accounts of the fighting in the Tunisian Campaign 1942-3 are needed for book being written by Major C. R. M. Messenger, c/o Williams & Glyn's Bank Ltd, Holts Farnborough Branch, Lawrie House, Victoria Road, Farnborough,IllHampshire, England. Legionnaire Karl Puder would like to contact Marines who served with him on USS Little Rock, 1944-46. Write Karl c/o American Legion Post 1170, 111 Main St., Round Lake Park, IL 60073. ? ? ?

President Jimmy Carter is being Convention Commission Chairman Larry Hoffman gets a bonus from a Hawaii "sales- asked to act on behalf of New Jersey person" as Honolulu presents a bid for a future American Legion conclave during veterans to bring the battleship New NEC meetings in Indianapolis. At right, Cdr. Rogers signs contracts for 1978 conven- Jersey out of mothballs and into a per- tion in New Orleans as Hoffman and Louisiana's Merrick Swords and Al LaBiche look manent berth in Long Branch, NJ. Sam- on. Denver will host 1977 convention Aug. 19-25 uel Sacs, Commander of the Veterans (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 26) called upon Congress to create and Civic League of New Jersey is urging NEC Resolutions fund a Congressional committee for all veterans and veterans organizations domestic security. to communicate with Washington offi- to pardon illegal aliens, the NEC called • Local Legion posts and state legisla- cials asking them to cooperate in this for a constitutional amendment to tures are being urged by the NEC to effort. modify the President's pardon power. become more aware of the sexual abuse Ill • A resolution to commend congres- of small children and to evaluate cur- Horace H. Thompson, P.O. Box 193, sional leaders who conveyed to Presi- rent statutes to determine the need for Hartsville, TN 37074 wishes to contact dent Carter their disapproval of his changes or additions to existing law former shipmates on PI 02, USS La- pardon proclamation for draft dodgers designed to protect victims. The NEC Salle, 1942-44. study was also passed by the NEC. is also asking local posts to Ill • Concern over government's "negli- adoption laws and procedures and as- Former WW II members of the 101st gible activity" in enforcing mandatory sist local organizations and agencies in Airborne (Screaming Eagles) Division job listing-affirmative action require- developing appropriate legislation to can contact George Koskimaki, 13914 ments of federal contractors in the hir- subsidize prospective adoptive parents. Edmore Drive, Detroit, MI 48205, for ing of disabled and Vietnam era vet- • A special membership committee met information about former comrades. erans brought two resolutions before to discuss means to increase member- George has 10,000 current addresses on the National Executive Committee: ship in The American Legion. The file and would like to hear from others. 1. The Legion urges the Secretary committee report cited The American of Labor to prepare a national review Legion Magazine, the Public Relations ? ? ? to pinpoint shortcomings in the affirma- Division and other commissions as Jack Towns, vice-commander of Post tive action program. areas that could have impact on future 17, Dublin, GA, has been named to 2. It calls upon President Carter to membership programs. special Laurens County Committee on appoint a deputy assistant labor secre- • American Legion Auxiliary President Veterans Affairs. Towns is chairman of tary for veterans employment who will Mrs. Norma Brown presented Auxiliary Patients and Members Council at VA work to ensure effective implementa- gifts totaling $42,500 to the on-going Center. tion of existing veteran employment programs of The American Legion. Ill legislation. Nat'l. Cdr. William J. Rogers accepted Brian Clerehan, 40 Drake St, EL- of for Acting on an Internal Affairs Com- checks in the amount $20,000 WOOD, Victoria, Australia, 3184, is mission resolution, the NEC resolved the Children & Youth program, $12,500 writing an account of the fighting at Rehabilitation to "support the development and im- for Veterans Affairs and Milne Bay, SWPA, in Aug-Sep 1942, the Child plementation of an effective national program, and $10,000 for and would like to hear from members energy conservation policy" to assure a Welfare Foundation. of US units that took part in the action. continuing growth rate, while avoiding • The site of the 1978 American Ill a serious recession, joblessness, and re- Legion National Convention was Joseph Hojnicki, P. O. Box 73, Cum- ductions in our standard of living. awarded officially to New Orleans, LA. bola, PA 17930 would like to contact Robert Gros, retired vice president The Convention Commission con- the friend who was captured along with of Pacific Gas and Electric Co., and sidered bids to future conventions him on Sep. 16, 1944 at the Siegfried consultant to the Power Research In- from Kansas City, MO, Honolulu, HI, Line in Germany. stitute, Palo Alto, CA, was guest Las Vegas, NV, and Houston, TX. • Greenville, MS was named the site Ill speaker at the National Commander's Dinner honoring members of the NEC. of the 1979 World Series of American Jess F. Jamison, 106 Palmer St., photo Gros urged conservation of current Legion Baseball upon recommendation Franklin, NC, 28734 has group stationed at energy resources and expanded nuclear by the National Americanism Commis- of 2195 QM Trk. Co., 1943-44 energy programs. sion. This year's event will be held at Andover, England Air Base re- • Noting recent criminal acts by sub- Manchester, NH; the 1978 series was which he will give to any member versive and terrorist groups, the NEC previously awarded to Yakima, WA. questing it.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 29 Pennsylvania Samaritans Legion Post Puts Service on Wheels

"Rolling Stone 369, this is Keystone 487." (AMERICAN LEGICi "Roger, Keystone 487, this is Rolling Stone 369." "We've got a three-car accident on

15 South. Police are on the scene . . . there may be injured." "Roger, Keystone 487, we're en-

route . . . Rolling Stone out." The red and yellow Cadillac pulled a hard left off Pennsylvania Highway 220 heading for Highway 15 in South Williamsport. At the wheel and on his way home Don Yost stifles a sigh. The night is destined to grow a little longer Commander Don Yost of Royal P. Steinbacher Post 617 stands by the Cadillac as the red and blue lights atop the ambulance which the post operates to provide emergency service emergency vehicle start to pierce the night air, illuminating the cutout letters in the window of the ambulance, "Royal P. Steinbacher Post 617." The familiar blue shield of The American Legion is on the door. Post 617, South Williams- port, PA, is on the job. This is not a scene from TV's "Emer- gency Squad," on television. This is routine for one Pennsylvania Legion Post that has been answering the call in Lycoming County since 1951. "Not all calls are of an emergency nature," according to Yost, Post 617's commander. "In fact, of the 600 trips we make each year, very few are what you would call an emergency. We've had some close calls, though." Today there are 33 ambulances in the county, some owned by local gov- Post Adjutant Tom Harris assists a patient inside the ambulance, one of three County, ernments, some private. Rolling Stone owned by Post 617, which averages 600 trips a year in Lycoming PA 369 gets more than its share of calls each month. have "I feel it's because the people Sen. Tower Issues Warning learned over the years they can trust our service," says Tom Harris, post On Erosion of Vets' Benefits adjutant and chairman of the ambu- has issued the system. The Senate must be lance service for the past 10 years. Sen. John Tower of Texas VA warning against "erosion" of on guard against such a proposal. "When we first started, there were another pension "Second, a more common and cur- only three emergency service organiza- veterans compensation and rent threat now looms in HEW in re- tions in the county. People who started benefits. suggestion gard to pensions and compensation with us have stayed with us." He called attention to a VA Education and matters. Secretary Califano has There are 646 members in the com- by Secretary of Health, HEW indicated that veterans' compensation munity who help support the ambu- Welfare Joseph A. Califano Jr. that vet- pension bene- and pension benefits may be 'proper lance service with a $10 donation per erans compensation and topic to be included welfare reform topics.' To set the rec- year. For that $10, the member can fits are a proper said that ord straight, I would remind my col- receive six free trips to the hospital, in welfare reform. Tower distinct threats to leagues (in the Senate) that VA either as an emergency patient or as there now are two benefits are not welfare benefits. A an out-patient when circumstances are traditional veterans programs. said, "some so- compensation is awarded for service- such that an ambulance and life-support "First," the Senator recently connected disabilities and injuries and equipment are required on a trip. For cial welfare planners have hospitals in the a pension is awarded to a perma- non-members, each trip costs $15 plus suggested that the 171 VA Administration system would nently disabled war veteran with non- $1 per load mile. Veterans service-connected disabilities." Community involvement, not just provide an excellent nucleus for a national care scheme. I strongly Tower applauded Sen. Strom Thur- ambulance service, is the name of the health subordinate the mond of South Carolina for also chal- game for Post 617's Legionnaires. They oppose any effort to in lenging HEW. Thurmond is the provide an ambulance and attendants VA health care system to HEW, or to dismantle, diminish or di- ranking minority member of the Sen- at high school football, basketball and any way Committee. (Continued on page 33) lute the independence and integrity of ate Veterans Affairs

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 Iowa's George Phillips

Is July Legionnaire

George A. Phillips, 84, veteran of both World Wars and charter member of Edward A. Monahan Post 64, Sioux City, IA, is Legionnaire of the Month. "Art," as his friends call him, has been Sgt-at-Arms of Post 64 since 1931 and honorary Sgt-at-Arms for the Ninth District for many years. He is still active in Legion affairs, never misses a meeting, and continues to serve his community even after his retirement as a city employe. He was Rotary Club Man of the Year in 1973 and has been cited for meritorious service in many community programs. Youth programs, membership drives, The color guard and firing squad of Merritt Post 21, Cresskill, NJ, parade in their flag presentations and graveside services

I ceremonies in their area World War uniforms. The units participate in many all draw his attention. center of the camp in 1924 to honor the Art is well known among his nearly post comrades who alternate Golden Anniversary troops who passed through it during 1,500 bringing him to the post for meetings. World War I. The monument was dedi- man who remains "tall" even though for Merritt Post 21 cated by Gen. John J. Pershing. Na- A ailments, is tional Commander William Galbraith he is being slowed by re- Camp Merritt Post 21, Cresskill, NJ, his spoke at ceremonies in 1968 marking membered by many for portrayal is celebrating its Golden Anniversary the 50th anniversary of World War I of Cpl. Goudy in a 1931 presentation this year with much pride and a lot of armistice. of "What Price Glory." history. William J. Snyder, past commander The Post was named after the famed of Post 21, says the Post color guard World War I Camp Merritt which fed and firing squad, outfitted in custom- thousands of doughboys to Hoboken made replicas of World War I dough- (see April issue of The American boy uniforms, is participating in many Legion Magazine) for shipment to parades and ceremonies in the area. Europe. Located about 17 miles north of Hoboken, Camp Merritt in its heyday Legion Holds sprawled over 770 acres, had 1,200 Memorial Service buildings and could house 44,500 For Fred Kuszmaul soldiers. Memorial service for past Amer- The camp was named after Maj. icanism and Children & Youth Gen. Wesley Merritt of Civil War fame. Director Fred T. Kuszmaul was After processing, troops of the Amer- held May 2 in the NEC room of ican Expeditionary Forces were National Headquarters during the Merritt over the marched from Camp NEC conference in Indianapolis. Palisades to the Hudson River and fer- National Chaplain, Fr. James C. ried to Hoboken for transfer to troop- Tuxbury conducted the ceremony George Phillips ships. About 25 percent of the officers attended by members of the head- and men of the AEF who went to quarters staff and Americanism and Legion Child Welfare France passed through Camp Merritt. Children & Youth Commissions. A 65-foot obelisk was erected at the Grants Top $600,000 The American Legion Child Welfare Gen. Hershey Buried In Arlington; Foundation has awarded $53,849 to seven voluntary non-profit organizations He Served Under Six Presidents to assist children and youth. The grants were made during the annual Gen. Lewis Blaine Hershey was bur- the Selective Service System for almost meeting of the Board of Directors dur- ied with full military honors in Arling- 30 years under six Presidents. He ing the NEC meetings in Indianapolis. ton National Cemetery May 25, with supervised the draft of almost 15 mil- This year's awards bring the 23-year many dignitaries present. lion Americans during three wars. total of Foundation grants to more General Hershey, 83, was found "America and the American Legion than $600,000. dead in his bed May 20 by his son, have lost a great friend," said National The seven grants this year represent Marine Col. Gilbert Hershey, in Angola, Commander William J. Rogers. "Gen- the highest number and the largest IN, where he was to attend graduation eral Hershey was a great patriot and amount of money awarded in a single excercises at his alma mater, Tri-State military leader, and he gave much of year since the program began in 1954. University, which is creating a memo- his life to the service of his country." L. Eldon James, Hampton, VA, past rial to him. He received the Legion's Distin- national commander (1965-66), was Hershey was an Indiana farm boy guished Service Medal in 1963. re-elected president of the Foundation. who rose through the ranks from pri- General Hershey was a member of Mr. Robert H. Patty was reappointed vate to four-star general and headed Lee Cassell Post 257, Fremont, IN. executive secretary.

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 31 A Legion Family . . . The Wooden Lt. Herman "Billy" Redick was hon- family of San Jose, CA are all leaders ored recently by Vicksburg, MS Post in The American Legion. Harold 213, as the Outstanding Law Enforce- Wooden is commander of Post 791; ment Officer of the Year. Cdr. Scott

Palm Valley, FL Post 233 topped a state membership "Fly-In" recently with 55 new and renewal memberships. Russum hands Lt. Redick a plaque as Darryl Nevitt (left) hands Grand Chef Richard Clements, Post 1 (Jackson) de Gare Norman Deethardt the packet Rita Wooden is president of the 13th Cdr. (left), and Dept. Vice Cdr. B.E. of membership cards and dues. The District Auxiliary; Jay Wooden is com- Sullivan look on. drive resulted in 497 more members. mander of S.A.L. Sqdn. 791; and Janelle Wooden is president of Junior PA. State Cdr. Joseph V. Adams re- Unit Auxiliary, Post 791. cently accompanied students of Scot- land School for Veterans Children to

St. Louis County (MO) Memorial Post 111 Color Guard snaps to attention in honor of Nat'l. Cdr. William J. Rogers' visit to Missouri. The Color Guard has been 10th District's state champion for

the Shrine Circus in Harrisburg. The Legion provides spending money for Scotland School students who attend the annual special performance.

the past ten years. Left to right: Guard Cdr. Joe Bisher, Al Watkins, Willard Dunn, Ed Schneider, Rogers, Charles Kemp, Dave Taylor, Syl Martin and Drill Master Tom Doyle.

The Long and the Short of Adjutants

. . . Some big talk on the running of the adjutant's office is being passed on Demonstrating that the Legion Cancer in conversation between Maine Dept. Fund Drive effort did not stop at the Adj. Daniel Lambert and Anthony end of last year, Post 99, Albuquerque, Pictured above are 17 of the 32 mem- Ciciotte, Tompsham Memorial Sqdn., NM recently presented a check for bers of Ely, MN Post 248 who have Sons of The American Legion adjutant. $5,000 to the local Cancer Crusade. 50-plus years of membership in The American Legion. They were honored at the Legion Anniversary banquet held

recently. BACK ROW (1 to r) : Andy POSTS IN ACTION Jacobson, Tom Murn, Herb Venner, Ernie Anderson, Art Knutson, Bob Mason, Adolph Dolenshak, Tony Pirsh. Cumberland Post 74, Tracy City, TN Harry A. McDonald of Hamden, CT, FRONT ROW: Ray Hoefler, Harry Post 88 was recently awarded a cer- Homer, Vatt Vertin, Enrico DeBer- is conducting a fund drive to construct tificate honoring his 50th year as a nardi, John Kotchevar, Howard Hario, a monument to Army Sgt. Ray E. Legionnaire. Frank Schweiger. KNEELING: Jack Duke, Medal of Honor winner from Poshak and Frank Veranth. Whitwell, TN who died in battle in Post 74, Fairfield, CT, in conjunction Korea. Two buildings in Korea bear with other veterans organizations in the Cdr. Richard Morrison, Post 476, Duke's name and the people of Ten- area, held a military ball recently to Franklin, PA recently presented framed nessee want to honor one of their own celebrate the completion of the bicen- copies of the post's first minutes at the at with a proper monument home. Con- tennial. Post 74's all girl Junior Drum original meeting 58 years ago to Fred- tributions to the Ray E. Duke Memorial and Bugle Corps provided escort music erick Karns and John Minin, two of the can be sent to Robert Baggenstoss at during the arrival of honored guests and signers of the minutes who have been ever since. Post 74. the posting of the colors. members of the same post

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 30) Pennsylvania Samaritans i9 v^ baseball games, wrestling tournaments, professional baseball games (Little League baseball originated in Williams- port) and whenever the circus comes to town. They also put on demonstra- tions in lifesaving techniques for local students and civic clubs. They belong to the Lycoming County Council, the Pennsylvania Ambulance Association and cooperate with other emergency squads to make sure the 119,000 people of the area are served with the Civil Air Patrol. Here, patient is transferred from the when needed. Post 617 cooperates a ambulance to a waiting airplane The cost of providing this service is high. without all the necessary life support to become an EMT. Eight Legionnaires "We're eligible for government funds equipment. have CB and emergency frequency but we'd rather be self-supporting," The Cadillac ambulance is specially radios in their homes and cars so that says Harris, who maintains a roster of equipped with AC power for isolets they can be contacted day or night. willing Legionnaire volunteers who all (used for babies) and other electrical During Hurricane Agnes in 1972, the have full-time jobs and families to keep equipment. Special plug-ins in the Post stayed open for four days and them busy. But there's never a need to fender allow the driver to hook up to nights, assisting the area citizens. Upon put pressure on anyone to donate his a local power outlet when parked, to call from the Civil Defense authorities time, he says. keep the motor warm and the battery they drove their ambulances through The service has an annual budget of charged. The ambulance can carry the street, using loudspeaker systems $20,000, and so far they've managed three or four patients, if necessary. to warn people of the coming high to stay in the black, while keeping Oxygen bottles, a Robinson stretcher winds and floods. charges per patient low. The post (allows them to pick up a patient with- When a local 12-year-old girl was presently owns three "machines," as out moving limbs), a bolt-down wheel- missing, Post 617 was headquarters for they are referred to; one new Cadillac chair and other medical paraphernalia the search efforts. Legionnaires pro- and two older vehicles. abounds in the back of the ambulance. vided for the needs of the searchers Insurance costs $1,900 per year and The post works with the County after long days in the surrounding new tires are $165 each. The three Civil Defense office, the Civil Air Patrol mountain area and five days later, when ambulances must be in top condition. (Yost is a licensed pilot and officer in the girl was found, it was a Legionnaire Richard Kopp, a son of a post the CAP), and REACT, another testa- who spotted her. Legionnaire, maintains the vehicles free ment to their community involvement. Hard work, little glory and self- of charge. Mrs. Howard Freezer of the Eight Legionnaires have CB and emer- satisfaction are the rewards received at Freezer Nursing Home provides free gency frequency radios in their homes Post 617. Keystone 369 is on the job garage space in exchange for trips and cars so that they can be contacted in Pennsylvania. when one of her patients requires it. day or night. "We have to plan three years ahead Every time a run is made, there Wisconsin Post Wins of time for replacement of one of the must be a trained emergency medical 1976 History Contest machines," Yost said. "When we buy technician on hand. The post has 30 Post 258, Little Chute, WI, placed a new one, its $30,000." And that's members who took the 81 -hour course first in the 1976 One-Year Post History (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 28) Contest and third in the Post Bicenten- Search Goes on for Philadelphia Clues nial Scrapbook History Contest. The announcement was made by National infected with the mysterious disease. While acknowledging that the disease Historian Alton Carpenter at the Spring Five recent cases have been identi- could crop up again, officials do not NEC Conference in Indianapolis. fied with the bacterium: one in believe that the disease is communica- First place prize money of $75.00 Vermont, resulting in death; two in ble from one person to another but and a citation went to Post 258 for the different locations in Michigan, one in tests with family members of those history with an additional $40.00 award Indiana, and one in California. One who have been hit by the illness are for the scrapbook contest. of the persons infected in Michigan, still being conducted. Post 1 1 6, Princeton, KY, placed sec- a 39-year-old woman, and the Indiana Doctors in Philadelphia hospitals ond in the history contest; Post 113, patient both died. Their deaths were are now surveying pneumonia cases as Old Saybrook, CT was third; Post 493, attributed to pneumonia. far back as luly 1976, and collecting Tuckerton, NY, placed fourth; and Post The search for clues continues. In serum and obtaining epidemiological 564, Santa Clara, CA was fifth. the 3,687 questionnaires filled out by information of new cases of pneumonia The winner of the $75.00 prize for Pennsylvania Legionnaires following to see if the bacterium is present. the best scrapbook was Post 21, Inde- the outbreak last year, medical officials They are also testing birds, rats and pendence, MO. Second place went to report no common thread. mice in the city to see if they might Post 60, Stryker, OH; Post 23, Aurora, Drs. Harry J. Beecham, III, and be carriers. CO, was fourth; and Post 435, Minne- William E. Parkin, Pennsylvania De- Pneumonia patients in Connecticut, apolis, MN, placed fifth. partment of Health officials told Penn- Delaware, Florida, Maryland and the Judges for the contest were National sylvania Legionnaires in April that; District of Columbia will also be Chaplain, Father James Tuxbury (ND), "We are on the frontier of a new tested for the disease in an attempt to National Treasurer, W. Francis Polen disease ... all we saw before was the find correlations that might help fight (IN), and National Sgt-at-Arms, C. tip of the iceberg." the disease. Howard Larsen (NY).

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 33 NEW POSTS Robert Stack Named 'Good Guy' The following new posts were recently chartered by The American Robert Stack, movie and television Legion: star, has been chosen to receive the Kenneth M. Newton Post 345, Bir- American Legion's "Good Guy" award mingham, AL; Uniontown Post 300, Un- at the national convention in Denver iontown, AL; The Cherokee Village Post next month. . 346, Cherokee Village, AR; A. B. tJ i Beau- The award has been presented to ford Post 281, Columbus, GA; Bicen- seven others by the Legion's Past De- tennial Tri-Valleys Post 250, San Jose. partment Commanders Club. The 1976 CA; Stockton Peace Officers Post 501, winner was Vernon "Lefty" Gomez, Stockton, CA; Hesperia Post 725, Hes- famed pitcher for the New York peria, CA; Levy Post 336, Inglis, FL; Yankees. Albion Post 124, Albion, ID; Island Stack has starred in movie and TV Lake Post 1979, Island Lake, IL; Mi- roles for more than three decades. He chael A. Sirousa Post 1966, Rosemont, currently appears in the "Most Wanted" IL; Broussard-Youngsville Post 386, television series. He won the "Emmy" Broussard, LA; Post Employees Post award for his characterization of Trea- 44, Las Vegas, NV; Bailey Post 1892, sury Agent Eliot Ness in the popular Bronx, NY; Dept. of Social Services series "The Untouchables," a drama- Post 1893, New York, NY; Guilford tization of federal efforts against Pro- College Post 83, Greensboro, NC; hibition Era gangsters and bootleggers. Thomas M. Jackson Post 189, Hamlet, Stack's first movie role was the male NC; Doyer-William-Smith Post 311, lead opposite Deanna Durbin in "First Wake Forest, NC; Clarence Warren, Jr. Love." World War II interrupted his Memorial Post 414, Philadelphia, PA; career and he served four years as a St. Andrews-Irmo Post 174, St. An- naval officer. drews, Irmo, SC; Dalzell Post 175, Dal- The award will be presented at a zell, SC; James O. Davis Post 262, Lake luncheon meeting, Monday, Aug. 22 at City, SC; Whitwell Area Memorial Post Denver's Brown Palace hotel. Robert Stack 153, Whitwell, TN; Dewey Burns, Jr. Post 651, Como, TX.

Legion Baseball American Legion Life Insurance COMRADES IN DISTRESS Readers who can help these veterans are Regionals Set Month Ending March 31, 1977 urged to do so. Usually a statement is needed in supoort of a VA claim. Notices are run only at Regional schedules and pairings lead- The following is an actual case the request of from American Legion Service Officers representing up to the 1977 National Champion- the files of The American Legion Life ing claimants, using Search For Witness Insurance Plan: Forms available only from State Legion ship of American Legion Baseball have Service Officers. Please contact A 23-year old Legionnaire died as a CID # , been announced by George Rulon, na- The American Legion Magazine, 1608 "K" result of a conveyor belt accident. His Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006. tional director. widow was awarded $10,000. He had 87th Ord Co, Ft. Hood, TX—Need informa- Eight regional play-off tournaments paid a total of $40 for this insurance. tion from comrades who recall Robert E. Cavalluccia left Benefits Paid January 1, 1977— was bitten on the arm by will start Aug. 24, leading up to the March 31, 1977 $ 583,515.07 a black widow spider while stationed at Ft. Hood, TX, Feb. 9, 1954. Contact CID Benefits paid since April 1958 . .$22,963,487.00 national championship finals, the 1977 #376. Basic units in Force (Number). . 170,695.5 748th ACT Sq, Kotzebue AFS, Need World Series, at Gill Stadium, Man- since Jan. 1, 1977 496 W AK— New Applications Declined .... 145 to hear from anyone who remembers John chester, NH on Sept. 1-5. (applicant failed to return I. Trahan came close to a nervous break- Health Form) 209 down during Feb. 1966 through Feb. 1967. Regional first round pairings are as Contact CID #377. Effective July 1, 1976 there is a 10% follows: 4th Inf, 1st BG, Co D—Need information "across the board" increase in benefits to from comrades who recall Loyd Scott Northeastern: (Region 1), Waterbury, CT, all participants. Mason injured his right elbow and lower 24 Wed., Aug. —Vermont vs. New York; New The American Legion Life Insurance is an back while stationed at Ft. Devens in 1960. Hampshire vs. Massachusetts; Rhode Island vs. official program of the American Legion, Contact CID #378. adopted the Connecticut; Maine vs. Host Team. by National Executive Com- US Naval Hosp., Oakland, CA—Need to hear mittee, 1958. It is decreasing insurance, .Mid-Atlantic: (Region 2), Funkstown, MD, term from anyone who remembers Albert Lee issued Wed., Aug. 24—West Virginia vs. Delaware; on application to paid-up members of Oder was struck by a 6' x 6' plank as a New Jersey vs. Maryland; Pennsylvania vs. Host The American Legion subject to approval result of a truck being backed into a load- Team; Thurs., Aug. 25—Virginia vs. Winner of based on health and employment statement. ing dock injuring his lower back, while Effective Jan. New Jersey-Maryland game. 1, 1976, death benefits range stationed at Oakland on Oct. 24, 1945. Con- from $60,000 (6 units through age 29, 25 in Southeastern: (Region 3), Sumter, SC, Wed., tact CID #379. Ohio) in decreasing steps to $125 unit at Aug. 24 Florida vs. Panama, CZ; North Caro- {V2 Air Transp Comm—Need information from — age 75 or over). Previously, lina vs. Georgia; Puerto Rico vs. South Caro- maximum was comrades who recall Raymond N. Willis, 4 units. This protection is lina; Alabama vs. Host Team. available through- 2nd Lt. injured his back when unloading out life, as long as the annual premium is Mid-South: (Region Memphis, TN, Wed., a 55 gallon barrel while stationed at Mo- 4), paid, the insured remains a member of The Aug. 24 Arkansas vs. Louisiana; Oklahoma vs. hanberry, India in the spring of 1944. Con- — American Legion, and the Plan stays in ef- Tennessee; Texas vs. Host Team; Thurs., Aug. tact CID #380. fect. Available up to six units at a flat rate 25 Mississippi vs. Winner of Oklahoma-Tennes- Guam-Cincpac—Need to hear from anyone — of $24 per unit a year a calendar year see game. on who remembers Leslie W. Pennington basis, pro-rated during the first year at $2 contracted Malaria and a fungus to the Great Lakes: (Region 5), Bellwood, IL, Wed., a month per unit for insurance approved Aug. 24 Michigan vs. Indiana; feet while stationed in Guam in 1945. — Wisconsin vs. after January 1. Underwritten by two com- Illinois; Kentucky vs. Host Team; Thurs., Aug. Contact CID #381. mercial life insurance companies, the Occi- Co A, 3rd QM, 3rd Div—Need information 25—Ohio vs. Winner of Wisconsin-Illinois game. dental Life Insurance Co. of California and from comrades who recall Robert I. Central Plains: (Region 6), Jamestown, ND, Life United States Insurance Co. in the City Rucker injured his back from a fall off a Wed., Aug. 24 Minnesota vs. Iowa; South — of New York. American Legion Life Insur- ship's ladder in Naples, Italy in August Dakota vs. Missouri; Kansas vs. North Dakota; ance and is trustees Trust Fund managed by 1944, and injured back when he fell from Nebraska vs. Host Team. operating under the laws of Missouri. No a weapons carrier in 1943 when serving in Pacific Northwest: (Region 7), Klamath Falls, other insurance may use the full words Rabat, N. Africa. Contact CID #382. OR, Wed., 24 vs. "American Aug. —Wyoming Montana; Legion." Administered by The 26th Fid Hosp—Need to hear from anyone Idaho vs. Oregon; Washington vs. Host Team; American Legion Life Insurance Division, who remembers Clide R. Bailey injured Thurs., Aug. 25—Alaska vs. Winner of Idaho- P.O. Box 5609, Chicago, Illinois 60680, to his hearing when Anti-Aircraft guns were Oregon game. which write for further details. fired accidentally over his head while sta- Western (Region 8), Anaheim, CA, Wed., Aug. tioned aboard transport "Pride of the 24 Colorado vs. Hawaii; New Mexico vs. Ari- — TAPS Empire" British in August of 1944. Contact zona: Utah vs. California; Nevada vs. Host Team. CID #383. 1977 World Series: Manchester, NH, Thurs., Gerry T. Wade, 79, Maine Past Depart- 188th AIR, Love Co—Need information from Sept. 1 —Winner Region 7 vs. Winner Region comrades who recall Joe C. Longworth, 6; Winner Region 4 vs. Winner Region 3; Win- ment Commander, died at a Skowhegan Sr. had failing eyesight while stationed at ner Region 2 vs. Winner Region 5; Winner Re- Ft. Campbell. KY in 1953. Contact CID gion 8 vs. Winner Region 1. hospital after brief illness. #384.

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 —

(1974) Michael Miller (1976) Post 246, Bald- Gifts for Veterans win, NY All In the Family Albert Keffner (1977) Post 1371, Bronx, NY Joseph Seubert (1977) Post 1376, New Hart- ford, NY Wilbur Stamey, Floyd Turpin, Roy Thomas, Hobart Lineberry, Harry Pugh, Joe Frazier (all 1976) Post 81, Staley, NC Lloyd Woolley (1977) Post 134, Southern Pines, NC Jim Huffman (1967) Arvil Webster, Claude Rogers (both 1976) Post 192, Robbinsville, NC Ernest May (1968) Gerald Taylor (1971) Martin Olson (1976) Post 122, Oberon, ND Charles Leonard, James Suhr (both 1976) Post 163, E. Cleveland, OH Paul Mori, Wm. Scott, Carl Springer, Arthur Kilmer (all 1976) Post 197, South Amherst, OH Alfred O'Meara (1977) Post 732, Youngs- town, OH Ernest Matthies, George Penhallagon (both 1976) Post 378, Bangor, PA James Kennedy III, Alejo Santos, Agustin Marking (all 1976) Post 1, Manila, P.I. Evans Hicks (1976) Post 52, Armour, SD Posts 41 and 1941 in La Grange, IL Harold McKenzie (1976) Robert Lanier collectively engaged in collecting money (1977) Post 66, Sulphur Springs, TX H. W. Whitten, Joseph Creery, Adrian re- and gifts for hospitalized veterans Jr., Bendheim, N. C. Beall, Overton Dennis, Nelson and Polly Savoix have a little cently. $4,100 and many gifts were col- Louis Gonnella (all 1976) Post Richmond, 1, friendly rivalry going between Legion and lected. Participating in the effort were VA John Fritter (1976) Post 290, Stafford, VA Auxiliary in the race for membership. (I to r) Post 1941 past Cdr. Rufus Emory Gagner, Nelson Huard, Harold Nelson is Michigan department member- LaRue, Post 41 Cdr. Samuel Mall, Post Jones, Paul Nordby, Artie Shawver, Clarence ship chairman and Polly is Auxiliary de- 1941 Cdr. Frank Kraus, and Post 41 Sutton, Robert Thorns Sr. (all 1977) Post 20, Prosser, WA partment membership chairman, and at past Cdr. Waldo Simonson Life Memberships are accepted for pub- last count, Polly is ahead by 1.086 per lication only on an official form, which we provide. Reports received only from Com- cent. Nelson's Post 366, Flint, Ml claims mander, Adjutant or Finance Officer of Post his father, father-in-law, and a son-in-law LIFE MEMBERSHIPS which awarded the life membership. as members. Polly's mother was a mem- They may get form by sending stamped, The award of a life membership to a Le- self-addressed return envelope to: ber of Auxiliary Unit 366 and her mother- gionnaire by a Post is a testimonial by those "L.M. Form American Legion Magazine, in-law and three daughters are active who know best that such a member has 1608 K St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006." members. Together the Savoix couple served The American Legion well. On a corner of the return envelope write Below are listed some of the previously the number of names you wish to report. have a granddaughter as a Junior mem- unpublished life membership Post awards No written letter necessary to get forms. ber and three grandsons as Sons of The that have been reported to the editors. They American Legion, Sqdn. 366. are arranged by States or Departments. OUTFIT REUNIONS Arthur Phillips, Jr., Fred Trotter (both will be held in month indicated. 1977) Post 171, Birmingham, AL Reunion 51st Pion Inf— (Sept) Col. Wm. Hornung, For particulars write person whose address Daniel T. Wallen (1977) Post 1, Phoenix, Box 266, Kerhonkson, NY 12446 AZ is given. 66th Airdrme Sqd (ETO WW2)— (Sept) Elmer Tvedt, Mabel Liddell, Edward Notices accepted on official forms only. Joseph Tyminski, 21 Tall Pines Rd., Mathiesen, Jay Tague, Wm. Berry, Joe Bill- For form send stamped, addressed return Scarborough, ME 04074 envelope to O. R. Form, American Legion ings, (all 1976) Post 6, San Diego, CA 68th QM Co (Refrig)— (Sept) John Crifasi, 1608 Henry Elliott (1976) Post 140, South Pasa- Magazine, K St. N.W., Washington, D.C. 3480 Fifth St., Oceanside, NY 11572 dena, CA 20006. Notices should be received at least 87th Eng Hvy Pon Bn— (Sept) Ralph Wil- Donald Carter, Elmer Weaver, Carmel La- five months before scheduled reunion. No son, 54 Nakota, Clawson, MI 48017 gana, Wesley Bean, Delphine Hart, Felice written letter necessary to get form. 87th Inf Div— (Sept) Gladwin Pascuzzo, 12840 Bitters (all 1976) Post 359, Norwalk, CA Earliest submission favored when volume Wilfred Ave., Detroit, MI 48213 of requests is too great to print all. Elwood Short (1977) Post 8, Georgetown, 92nd Evac Hosp (WW2)— (Sept) Mrs. Jean DE Gallagher, S. 5419 Hatch Rd., Spokane, Edmund Bentkowski, John Heisler (both ARMY WA 99203 1976) Post 119, Largo, FL 1st Chem Impreg (WW2)— (Sept) Harry 94th Sig Bn— (Sept) Edwin Cable, 483 S. John Simon (1976) Post 134, Tampa, FL Dugan, RFD, Guernsey, IA 50172 Pascack Rd., Spring Valley, NY 10977 Arthur Wheeler (1976) Post 202, Keystone 1st Gas Regt— (Sept) Harold Higginbottom, 100th Inf Div— (Sept) Anthony Tom, 25 Heights, FL 2800 Rueckert Ave., Baltimore, MD 21214 Luanne Rd., Stratford, CT 06497 Ivan Goodwin (1977) Post 254, N. Port, FL 1st Ord (MM) Co— (Sept) Howard Ives, 103rd Gen Hosp— (Sept) Harold Head, 5718 Francis Fell, Joseph Taylor, John Talaus- North Road, Walpole, NH 03608 Daybreak Terr., Baltimore, MD 21206 kas (all 1977) Post 155, Harvey, IL 3rd Inf Reg— (Sept) Joe Nicosia, Sr., 1864 104th Inf Div— (Sept) Robert Cramlet, 1170 Wm. Kolowski (1976) Post 237, Qglesby, IL Carol Ln., West St. Paul, MN 55118 Crestview Dr., Troy, OH 45373 Howard Schmidt, Arthur Sprague (both 4th Fid Art'y— (Sept) W. L. Crawford, 416 110th FA 29th Div (WW2)— (Sept) Hank 1977) Post 1941, La Grange, IL Wayberry Dr., Fayetteville, NC 28303 Crawford, 2030 Flintshire Rd., Apt 201, Jesse Smith, Lawrence Smith (both 1968) 5th Div— (Sept) John Pflaum, 170 Evergreen, Baltimore. MD 21237 A. J. Marshall (1972) Lawrence Osmer (1973) Elmhurst, IL 60126 110th Inf (WW2)— (Sept) Charles Chattaway, Robert Post (1974) Post 117, Pendleton, IN 5th Fid Sig Bn (WWD— (Sept) Howard 400 W. Main St., Monongahela, PA 15063 Omer Ohimansiek (1977) Post 231, Aurora, King, 266 Beverly St., San Francisco, CA 110th Inf Regt 28th Inf Div Vets Off Assoc IN 94132 —(Sept) LTC Ralph Mueller, 501 N. Lars Anderson, C. C. Codner, Herman 7th HQ & HQCo (WW2)— (Sept) Ned Arce- Broadway, Scottdale, PA 15683 Weber, Elvin Penrod, (all 1976) Frank Mc- neaux, 630 Wilson St., Lafayette, LA 70503 113th Eng (WW1)— (Sept) Glen McCool, 1820 Cann (1975) Post 224, Dunlap, IA 11th Eng Com Bn & Regt^(Sept) Ashwell E. Sycamore St., Kokomo, IN 46901 John Smid, James Stock (both 1975) Post Harward, 523 College Dr., Raeford, NC 114th Evac Hosp— (Sept) Martin Carew, 10 457, Lone Tree, IA 28376 Curtis St., Medford, MA 02155 C. B. Crispin, Carl Heidman, Daniel Brod- 11th Inf Regt— (Sept) Mrs. Lilly Torres, 8000 116th Inf Co E (WW2)— (Sept) W.L. Wall, 201 erick, E. L. Lint (all 1976) Post 577, Grimes, Sargent Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46256 W. Baker, Brownwood, TX 76801 IA 15th & 17th Cav RCN— (Sept) Nicholas 119th Inf Co G 30th Div— (Sept) Richard Charles Hartenstein, Jr., Charles Wessing, Palmieri, 276 Clark St., Auburn, NY 13021 Earll, Box 288, Union City, PA 16438 Jr. (both 1977) Post 203, New Orleans, LA 17th Eng Bn 2nd Arm Div Co E— (Sept) 121st AAA, 421st FA Bn 122nd AAA— (Sept) Ferdinand Piet (1976) Post 374, Slidell, LA Leo Mecler, 6715 Boston Ave., Baltimore, Odell Grady, PO Box 154, Trussville, AL Clyde Poole (1975) Woodrow Bunker (1976) MD 21222 35173 Post 18, Vinalhaven, ME 17th Sig Oper (WW2)— (Sept) EF Hof- 123rd Gen Hosp— (Sept) Dr. Thomas Glen- Walter Kaler, Jr., Arthur Creamer (1977) meister, 710 Crown Ave., Scranton, PA non, 82 Arlington Rd., Woburn, MA 01801 Post 149, ME 18505 127th Inf 32nd Div Co C— (Sept) Russell John Vincent, Mearl Lapp, Hugo Simon 20th Inf Co I (WW2)— (Sept) Glen Wolfe, Lane, 227 Congress St., Oconto, WI 54153 (all 1989) Lynn Smith (1970) Elmer Wester- Macon, MO 63552 129th FA 35th Div Bat C & E— (Sept) Carl lund (1971) Donald Richardson (1974) Rex 21st Avn Eng— (Sept) Calvin Eckert, RD Maret, 310 E. 27th Ave., N. Kansas City, DuPark (1975) Post 29, Jackson, MI #3, Box 316. Dillsburg, PA 17019 MO 64116 David Fuller, Lucille Gilsdorf, Alexander 21st Chem Co— (Sept) Deloss Perisho, RR 132nd Inf Regt (WW2)— (Sept) Clarence Bohl, Everett Stone, Jack McLeod (all 1976) 5 Paris IL 61944 Galetti, 3610 St. Paul Ave., Bellwood, IL Post 342, Flint, MI 21st Ord '(MM) CO— (Sept) Frank Honey- 60104 Wm. Kinkel, Ronald Kinkel, Edward Ce- well, RR#4, Bronson, MI 49028 133rd Inf Co E (WW2)— (Sept) Melvin Mc- bu'% (1977) Post 303, Fridley, MN 27th Div— (Sept) Col. Sterling Nesbitt, c/o Collough, 1244 First St., Webster City, IA Kenneth Bjerknes (1976) Post 304, Gonuick, Queensbury Hotel, Glen Falls, NY 12801 50595 MN 29th Inf Div (WW 1 & 2)— (Sept) Donald 148th Arm'd Sig 8th Arm'd Div— (Sept) Erman Taylor (1973) John Reith (1976) Sheldon, 103-19, 112th St., Richmond Hill, Geo. L'Homme, 565 Boswell Ave., Nor- wich, Post 478, Blackburn, M NY 11419 CT 06360 32nd (Sept) Ralph Schmidt, PO Box 158th Inf RCT— (Sept) Auggie Trujillo, 235 Lloyd Martin (1976) Post 129, Ashland, NE Div— 7062, Rapids, MI 49510 E. Washington St., Phoenix, 85004 Hudson, NH Grand AZ Robert Clark (1977) Post 48, 35th Div— (Sept) Raymond Vaughn, Box 162nd Inf Old 3rd Oregon— (Sept) Earl Nor- Paul Florida (1975) Sid Milburn (1969) 4022, Topeka, KS 66604 gard, 7303 SE Reed College PI., Portland, Wayne, NJ 37th Div— (Sept) Howard Perathaner, 1000 OR 97202 Hugo Kuester, Fred Stevenson, Charles Lexington Ave., Mansfield, OH 44907 187th Sig Repair Co— (Sept) John Sheridan, Prevost, Harry Carlson, Mary Schiff (all 39th Comb Eng (WW2)— (Sept) Thomas 115 Firestone Dr. Rochester, NY 14624 1976) Post 18, Silver City, NM Sweares, 122 Southlane Dr., New White- 194th Fid Art'y— (Sept) Edwin Johannsen, Jerry Ryniec (1977) Post 118, Woodhaven, land, IN 46184 Box 160, RR #1, Walcott, IA 52773 NY 40th Inf Div (Korea)— (Sept) Ed Lown, 210 202nd Coast Art'y (AA) & 202nd Art'y Wm. Licardi (1971) Ernest Viegelmann Highland Ave., Maybrook, NY 12543 (Sept) Harold Zerner, 222 Boeger Ave, THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 35 (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 18) Westchester, 1L 60153 216th Chem Serv Co— (Sept) Ardeen Zierott, Pittsburgh RR2, Hampton, NE 68843 Saugus: America's First 246th VA Nat'l Guard Coast Art'y— (Sept) Ray Cross, 1209 Kern Ave.. SW, Roanoke, to make money, and they wanted to VA 24015 247th Fid Art'y Serv Bat (WW2)— (Sept) aid in the development of the Colony. Melvin Sandy, Rt #2, Box 81, Stephens City, VA 22655 Winthrop's capital-raising efforts 252nd Fid Art'y Bn— (Sept) Vincent Carrol), came at a propitious moment. Eng- 258th 152nd Port Bn Co B— (Sept) Oliver 908 Pleasant St., Waukesha, WI 53186 lish iron manufacture, and expand- Moore, Box 212, Deep River, IA 52222 298th Gen Hosp (WW2)— (Aug) Macy Allen. ing industry, was struggling to keep 710 Madrid Dr., Dunconville, TX 75116 with the needs of a growing 302nd Ord Regt Co N (WW2)— (Sept) Saul up Reed, 3933 Tennessee Ave., NW, Roanoke, population and an increasingly in- VA 24017 308th Med Bn 83rd Div Co B— (Sept) Len dustrial economy. War was interfer- LaRoche, 828 DeKalb St., Wausau, WI 54401 ing with normal imports of iron from 311th Ord Depot Co (WW2)— (Sept) Fred Fer- the Continent. Simultaneously, a guson, PO Box 9127, Huntington, WV 25704 315th Inf Regt ( WW2) — (Sept) Francis charcoal timber shortage had inten- A tourist snaps a photo of the restored Oczko, 144 N 6th St., New Hyde Park, NY rolling and slitting mill 11040 sified. The price of iron increased. 322nd Fid Art'y— (Sept) CW Fitzpatrick, 210 against big business N. Main St., Dayton, OH 4540z No one raged 330th FA Bat A— (Sept) Vernon Molenaar, smiths would fashion the famous monopoly in those days. It was en- RR 1, Box 173, Renville, MN 56284 Long Rifle which would help win 331st FA Art'y Bat D (WW1)— (Sept) Walter couraged for the benefit of society. It Werner, 1024 Ridgewood Dr., RT #3, America's independence. Stoughton, WI 53589 would be 150 years before monopolis- 352nd Ord Maint Co (AA) (WW2)— (Sept) Old records show familiar diffi- Irvin Geller, A-2, tic tendencies were seen as a stran- Apt 3610 Buford Hgwy, Atlanta, GA 30329 culties: shareholder squabbles, acci- glehold on progress. The new iron 447th AAA Bn— (Sept) Jose Lopez, 529 dents, drunkenness, high labor costs, Lucero St., Santa Fe, NM 87501 company in America was to receive 508th Inf Regt (WW2)— (Sept) James Smith, three square miles, right to ore, workers who left to buy cheap land, 115 Blanton Rd., Fayetteville, NC 28303 512th Eng Lt Pont Co— (Sept) Wallace John- shortage of raw materials, etc. The building materials, watercourses, free son, R 3, Pulaski, WI 54162 mill finally ground to a stop around 531st Eng Shore Regt— (Sept) Richard use of highways, a 20-year exemp- Ready, 84 Selwyn St., Roslindale, MA charges and free- 1670-75. 02131 tion from public 550th Airbrne Inf— (Sept) Corbitt Collins, Besides the important tools it pro- dom of the workers from military 352 Hopkins St., Morrow, OH 45152 duced, Saugus trained men who went 555th Eng Gp— (Sept) RE Feger, 2989 S. service (one of the first draft exemp- Richfield St., Aurora, CO 80013 on to build and operate ironworks 605th TD Bn— (Sept) Ted Brush, 1307 C. tions in our history). River Ave., Lakewood, NJ 08701 all America. this plant In the interest of the community, over From 611th Engs Lt Equip Co (WW2)— (Sept) Charles Post Jr., 178 D. Casuda Canyon produced 100 tons of iron in a the court set a maximum sale price which Dr., Monterey Park, CA 91754 year has grown today's great Ameri- 634th Tank Dest Co B— (Sept) John Jones, of 20 pounds per ton of bar iron (a 1512 Duff Ave., Ames, IA 50010 635th Tank Dest (Sept) ceilings), asked can steel industry, 430 mills pouring Bn— Bob Buskirk, precedent for price 8601 W. 90th, Overland Park, KS 66212 120 million tons of steel annually. that the Company undertake to pro- 643rd Tank Dest— (Sept) John Wesenberg, The restoration of the Saugus Iron 2226 Crompond Rd., Yorktown Hghts, NY vide religious instruction for the 10598 Works by the American Iron and 710th Tank Bn— (Sept) Michael Mezzacappa, workers and their families, and in- 22 Andrews St., Staten Island, NY 10305 Steel Institute is authentic. The origi- 714th & 741st Rlrd Oper Bn— (Sept) Joseph sisted it admit local residents who Burgess, 6528 Winsdale, Minneapolis, MN nal plans were lost, but geologists, chose to invest. 55427 biologists, metallurgists, historians 719th Rlwy Oper Bn (WW2)— (Sept) Rod- The location of the mill was ideal: ney Runsteen, 12620 W. Dodge Rd., and archaeologists combined skills. Omaha, NE 68154 bog iron ore, extensive woodlands for 721st Rlwy Oper Bn (Sept) James Marotta, Digging for years, they found the — charcoal, a natural elevation for fur- 41 Paxwood Rd., Delmar, NY 12054 outlines of the mill, the forge build- 722nd Rlwy Oper Bn— (Sept) Robert Seeley, nace charging, a navigable stream 527 Gaines St., Elmira, NY 14904 ing, the slitting mill and casting 740th Tank Bn— (Sept) Bill Wright, 5500 E. for water power. Kellogg, Wichita, KS 67218 beds. The main water wheel was lo- 771st Tank Bn— (Sept) Ralph Stubbs, 67 A number of Scots were brought Stockton Rd., Ocean Grove, NJ 07756 cated under the main street of town. over to provide a larger work force. 775th Fid Art'y— (Sept) Lucian Reynolds, on, several 4525 S. First St., Louisville, KY 40214 They had been taken prisoner by While digging went 813th Tank Dest Co C— (Sept) Frank Reese, thousand 17th century documents 4201 Crestfield Rd., Knoxville, TN 37921 Cromwell's forces in his victory over 978th Ord Depot Co (WW2)— (Sept) Saul they were were deciphered here and abroad to Reed, 3933 Tennessee Ave., NW, Roanoke, royalists at Dunbar and VA 24017 sold into indentured service. A large learn the exact construction. Details 1126th Eng GRP HQ Co (WW2)— (Sept) together like giant Bruce Kurzweg, 3529 E. Kent Rd., Read- house was built to accommodate were put a jigsaw ing, PA 19605 puzzle. Modern workmen learned to 1190th Eng Base Depot (WW2)—(Sept) Ed- them at the ironworks, and consid- win Ritts, 1420 Second St., Beaver, PA erable sums were spent for their hew, saw and adze huge timbers to 15009 1268th Combat Engs— (Sept) Paul Dylyn, food, clothing and medical care. They equipment used to produce the neces- 3402 Bader Ave., Cleveland, OH 44109 today, after six years and 1590th Ord Supply & Maint Avia Tm C were principally occupied in wood And 326th Serv Gp (WW2)— (Sept) Allen $1,500,000, the Saugus Iron Works Streeter, 6316 E. Kearney Dr., Saginaw, MI cutting and work on the Company 48603 farm. Few learned the ironworking stands as it did 300 years ago. 3499th Ord Med Auto Maint Co— (Sept) R.J. Cowgill, 3504 Gladden Dr., Louisville, KY trade. When operations began, one Today, with the production of steel 40218 Coast Art'y Corps— (Sept) Byer Olson, 432 investor, Dr. Robert Child, wrote 700,000 times that of Saugus in 1651, N. 57th Ave., West, Duluth, MN 55807 "Our Iron Works as yet an American uses more than half a Winthrop: NAVY ton of steel every year, for the family bring us no considerable profit." But 3rd NCB— (Sept) Harry Tegeler, 3133 West- Blvd., 45211 it was turning out "seven tons a automobile, household appliances, wood N. Cincinnati, OH 15th, 19th 41st NCB— (Sept) Theodore Lyse, week" in valuable tools with which and for all the steel buildings, Box 101, Davenport, WA 99122 19th NCB— (Sept) Herbert McCallen, 97 to shape a new nation. From the bridges, factories, machinery and Lawrence Prk Crs, Bronxville, NY 10708 metal melted in the blast furnace, equipment used to produce the neces- 20th NCB— (Sept) Wm. Harfman, 622 Grant St., Hazelton, PA 18201 workmen produced pots, skillets, sities of life. 26th NCB— (Sept) Harry Friedrich, 3671 Mockingbird Ln., Dayton, OH 45430 the restored ironworks should re- plows and crude iron bars. From The 30th NCB— (Sept) Daniel Paul, 171 Oak St., bars farmers made nails in great mind us all what individual initiative Clinton, MA 01510 — 33rd NCB (WW2)—(Sept) Edward Rauschart, demand in the growing colony. Later, and American freedom can do. 1227 Greentree Rd., Pittsburgh, PA 15220 — 56th NCB—(Sept) JM O'Connor, Apt 3406, from these same bars, skilled gun- Raymond Schuessler 260 E. Chestnut St., Chicago, IL 60611

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 ——

60th NCB (WW2)— (Sept) Eddie Rothschild, RT #1, Box 83, Groverton, IN 46531 62nd NCB— (Sept) Wilber Blank, Toulon, IL 61483 66th NCB (WW2)— (Sept) Gary Johnson, ILLEGAL FOR U.S.G.A. TOURNAMENT PLAY 7508 Tipps, Houston, TX 77023 77th NCB— (Sept) Lloyd Wells, 810 Plateau Ave., Lakeland, FL 33801 93rd NCB— (Sept) Burl Smith, Box 87, RT #1, Carrolton, GA 30117 10?tn NCB— (Sept) Norman Joseph, 2020 S. 14th Ave., Broadview, IL 60153 114th NCB (627th 628th CBMU)- (Sept) Geo. Purnell, 26 Windsor Ave., Pittsfield, MA Golf Hustler's OlaOl The 118th NCB— (July) Arthur Keene, 6890 Churchill Rd., McLean, VA 22101 LST 380— (Sept) Bob Doerr, 820 Jay St., Elgin, IL 60120 LST 829— (Sept) Albert Ryzner, 943 Rock- dale Ave., New Bedford, MA 02740 Secret Weapon Mtr Trans 21st Marines Co B— (Sept) Jim Shaw, 316 N. Dayton, Davison, MI 48423 PT Boats Inc— (Sept) JM Newberry, PO Box 109, Memphis, TN 38101 (Now revealed . . . how he adds 20-30 yards to USS PC 567— (Sept) Joseph Cox, 1227 Cedar- cliff Dr., GlenBurnie. MD 21061 USS Alcor (AD-34)— (Sept) Geo. A. Taylor, his drive . . . cuts 3 to 5 strokes off his score.) 1219 Bell Run Rd., Fairmont, WV 26554 USS Anzio (CVE 57)— (Sept) Paul Swander, 1741 N. 10th St., Terre Haute, IN 47804 USS Astute (AM 148)— (Sept) HW Johnson, dyn-x HERE'S WHAT IT CAN MEAN 201 E. VA Blvd., Jamestown, NY 14701 why the TO YOU! USS Baham (AG 71)— (Sept) Domenic Andreno, 54 Roosevelt Ave., Inwood, LI Outdistances • Add 20 to 30 yards to every drive! NY 11696 OUTPLAYS • Cut 3 to 5 strokes off your score! ^ • USS Balch (DD 363) & USS Porterfield (DD AND Cure your hook or slice! 682) Frank Longtin, 7449 Salerno OTHER • — (Sept) AU- t Lifetime Guaranteed not to cut, St., San Diego, CA 92111 BALLS'. chip, or lose perfect roundness USS Birmingham (CL 62)— (Sept) Rudy GOLF and balance! Gonzalez, 510 S. Euclid, La Habra, CA • Putt truer and more consistently! 90631 USS Brooklyn (CL 40)— (Sept) AV Showen, Cut-Proof Dynalon Cover 307 Barcelona Rd., West Palm Beach, FL (based on DuPont SURLYN 33401 research) By regulation, no U.S.G.A. -approved golf USS Clay— (Sept) John Brass, 403 E. 330, ball can come off the club head at a velocity Willowick, 44094 Polydyne VII Core Out- of more than 250 feet per second. But our OH any other center USS Copahee (CVE 12)— (Sept) Joe Downs, rebounds DYN-X golf ball can . . . and does! (It's made by 19 to 51 %! to British regulations.) In fact, DYN-X is PO Box 672, Huntsville, AR 72740 USS Crowley (DE 303)— (Aug) Warren High-Tension Winding is the world's fastest golf ball off the club bonded to cover and core- compression and roundness head. So it's no wonder it gets out there Brue, PO Box 1285, Metairie, LA 70004 faster . . . and keeps on traveling further Detroit (CL 8)— (Sept) Karl Johnson, are locked in for life! USS with more roll and less bounce! "They'd 788 Dr., Livermore, 94550 El Rancho CA have to make every course in America 2,000 Dubuque (LPD 8)— (Sept) Gene Gill, USS yards longer if this ball was ever legalized", 1015 Stiles Ct., Vista, CA 92083 LABORATORY TEST RESULTS CONFIRM one hustler commented. USS Leyte (CV 32) (1946&47)— (Sept) Wm. OYN-X OUTDISTANCES TOP-SELLING PRO BALLS! Dubois, 82513 Carter, PO Box 602, WY Random samples of each ball were purchased from golf (Sept) USS Miami (Marine Corps Detach)— course pro shops with fast product turnover to assure balls Goes 30 Yards Further Joseph Sullivan, 105 Beacon Court, Brook- were new and full-compression. Testing method used standard DYN-X balls conform completely to British

international specifications . . . are lyn, NY 11229 mechanical driving machine assuring that each ball was struck (R&A) Fluck, 258 1.62" in and weigh 1.62 oz. Top USS Missouri— (Sept) Thomas in identical position with identical force. Distance was mea- diameter, change to this British-size W. Clarkstown Rd., Spring Valley, NY sured from "tee" to point where each ball struck ground. American pros ball, any time it's legal because they know 10977 (Post-flight roll was not included in measurements.) — USS Noa (DD 343)— (Sept) Emil Krafft, 103 it handles better in a wind . . . goes farther Ln., Tullahoma, 37388 1PALDIN0 and straighter! 30 yards farther! And the Deery TN 221 Yd. USS Northampton (CA 26)— (Sept) Joe TOP-RITE DYN-X ball cuts down on the cause of hooks and slices because you have much more Botti, 2857 Ladoga Ave., Long Beach, CA DUNLOP — margin for error with the smaller ball . . . 90815 MAXFLI 231 Yd. USS Obannon (DD 450)— (Sept) Carl Settle- and are much more likely to make contact SPALDINS with the "sweet soot" on the club head! No meyer, RT #1, Four Oaks, NC 27524 241 Yd. USS Reid (DD 369)— (Sept) Robert Sneed, DOT wonder one of America's top pros stated point-blank that, any time you have the jl537 N. 59th St., Milwaukee, WI 53208 RAM 247 Yd. choice, it's silly to play the big ball. USS Savannah (CL 42)— (Sept) J. Jindracek, GOLDEN RAM 63 Thayer Dr., New Shrewsbury, NJ 07724 acushnet 247 Shea (Sept) Harry Froend- titui*t Yd. USS (DM 30)— Drive One Club Longer hoff, 588 Berdale Ln., Cincinnati, OH OVNAFLYTE Use the DYN-X ball —and you'll be driving 45244 261.Yd. DYN-X at least one club longer than you ever did USS Somers (DD 381)— (Sept) Lewis Bow- before. So you'll be able to hit one club Jr., 6110 Tidewater Dr., Norfolk, VA den, IMPORTANT: Differences in actual play may be expected to be less on your short irons ... to hold the ?3509 notably greater than those revealed by any test made under green better and end up closer to the pin! USS Spencer CG (WW2)— (Sept) Roy controlled laboratory conditions. On those long par 5's. you'll have an easier Parker, 302 N. Emily, Ludington, MI 49431 shot to reach the green in 3 (or even 2. if USS Sterreh (DD 407)— (Sept) Wm. Con- you're already a long hitter). You'll find nors, 12 Wakefield St., Reading, MA 01867 yourself in position to birdie those shorter par 4's. Even if you're a duffer, you'll find AIR Guaranteed to Cut 3 to 5 Strokes Off Your Score yourself shanking fewer shots, because you Or Your Money Refunded can hit this ball off-center and it'll still go 1st Bmb Gp 864th Sqd 494th Bmb Gp APO— GUARANTEE NO. 1: You must consistent'y drive longer straighter! And, on the green, you'll find (Sept) Paul Hanly, 810 Jefferson St., Mar- and straighter . . . putt with greater accuracy . . . and lower yourself sinking more short putts and leav- tins Ferry, OH 43935 your average score by at least 3 to 5 strokes—or we'll refund ing those lona outts closer to the hole—be- 7th Airdrome Sqd 13th AF (WW2)— (Sept) your full purchase price! Use your DYN-X balls and enioy cause the DYN-X ball starts off faster and Pete Petrucci, 350 W. Caracas Ave., Her- them for up to 30 days at our risk: then, if not completely runs truer ... so you have less worries about shey, PA 17033 satisfied, return them for your money back! the way the putt will break! With all this 22nd Air Depot Supply Sqd— (Sept) Robert GUARANTEE NO 2: We will immediately redace FREE (for going for you ... if you don't cut at least 25C postage and handling) any DYN-X ball which cuts, goes 3 to 5 strokes off your score every round Jess, 101 \'z E. Gibson St., Canandaigua, NY out of round, or loses its perfect inbuilt balance af any time! aren't really trying! 14424 you 27th Bmb Gp— (Sept) Samuel Moody, 102 Bay Berry Rd., Longwood, FL 32750 NOT YET AVAILABLE IN STORES OR PRO SHOPS. — - 86th Air Serv Sqd 52nd Air Serv Gp— (Sept) The John Sturges House (Dept. 531), 49 Riverside Ave., Westport, CT 06880 Raymond Held, 314 Dicke Ave., Sheboygan Gentlemen: Please send me the following pack- Falls, WI 53085 CHECK OR MONEY ORDER ENCLOSED in ages of DYN-X golf balls in accordance with your 314th Carr 61st (32nd, 62nd Amount of $. Trp Gp SQ & pre-introductory invitational offer. 50th) (WW2)— (Sept) Geo. Merz, 4035 Sil- One Pack of 3 Balls (plus ver Oak St., Dayton, OH 45424 @ $5.00 75v Charge: Master Charge BankAmericard postage, handling = $5.75) 494th Bmb Gp, 7th AF— (Sept) Richard (Min. Charge: $10 plus postage, handling.) Box(es) of 12 Balls $15.00 (plus $1 .50 Graham, 90 Purdue, Pueblo, CO 81005 @ Card 820th Med Air Evac Sqd— (Sept) Richard post, hndlg. = $16.50 each) Brown, 350 Lightner Ave., Staten Island, (LIMIT: 2 Boxes per Golfing Family) Expire MASTER CHARGE 10314 I NY understand I may play these balls for 30 days nato Rank Nn Glider Pilots Nat'l Assoc (WW2)— (Sept) entirely at YOUR risk. If not 100% delighted for Virginia Randolph, 136 W. Main St., Free- any reason, I may return them for full refund of Signature the purchase price. hold, NJ 07728 PRINT

I further understand that if I do keep the balls, NAME MISCELLANEOUS every one is covered by a LIFETIME GUARANTEE Iceland Veterans (Sept) Dave Zinkoff, 2101 of FREE replacement should it ever cut, go out- ADDRESS — of-round or lose its built-in perfect balance. Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19103 Nat'l Stearman Fly In— (Sept) Ted McCul- (Conn, residents add sales tax.) CITY STATE ZIP lough, 1215 Monroe St., Galesburg, IL Dealers' Inquiries Invited. 61401

THE! AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 37 — —

(CONTINUED FROM PAGE 11) The economic causes of the Revo- How Reds Rewrite U.S. History lution are not emphasized in the French and British texts to the ex- tent found in the Soviet and Chinese The book says that the final re- ated in it were aimed at protecting versions. More in accordance with sult of the Revolutionary War, be- the system of capitalist exploitation, popular American views, the strug- cause it was eventually controlled thereby legitimizing the interests of gle is seen to involve principles of by merchants, not workers, was the the bourgeoisie; and the 'right of liberty demanded by the American establishment "of a constitution in the pursuit of happiness' was de- people. According to the French "the 1787 to strengthen the merchants duced from the 'right of property' principles the French philosophes power; by and large it is still in and intended to stamp the mark of had argued and preached were the force today." legitimacy on the system of bour- foundations of the Declaration of geois exploitation." of China: Rights in 1774 and again of the The People's Republic Even with these limitations, the Declaration of Independence in The account of the American Rev- forces set in motion by the Revolu- 1776." olution given to a Chinese student tionary War will eventually be car- Not so! claim is similar to the Soviet view, but ried through to their end—according — the British. "In adopts a more doctrinaire Marxist to the Chinese account. measured language, Thomas Jeffer- line. Their version emphasizes the "The victory of the war for Amer- son, the chief draftsman of the Dec- importance of the masses and the ican Independence eloquently proved: laration, restated the Lockian theory of political association, the philo- continuing possibility of another the destiny of history is decided by revolution in the United States. the popular masses, for regardless of sophical ground on which the Ameri- cans "The people in the 13 colonies how retrograde and rampant the re- rested their case." wanted to smash the shackles placed actionaries may be for a time, they There is also some mystery sur- upon them by the British ruling rounding the French entrance into clique and to break loose from the the war. It was after the American fetters of their suzerain state," it victory at Saratoga, against British says. "This desire inevitably led to 'Saratoga Gave General Burgoyne, that the French the outbreak of the War for Inde- began actively fighting on the Amer- pendence." ican side. In accordance with the role of the Courage Back "This victory restored courage to "revolutionary masses," the Chinese the Americans and, most important, text downplays the importance of To the Americans' it won them France as an ally," the Washington and Jefferson, prefer- way the French see it. They say ring to cite the consequence of their support for the American cause British economic tyranny, the con- was mainly philosophical. The Amer- tradictions of interest between ican cause had always been popular will inevitably be ground to dust by British rulers and "the rising bour- with the French because of the lib- the wheels of history in the end." geoisie and broad masses of the eral political principles they held in people." France and Britain common. The French, according to "The basic elements of this revo- The political uses of history in the the British version, were not con- lutionary mass organization con- Russian and Chinese texts are clear, cerned with lofty ideals, they wanted sisted of handicraftsmen, farmers, but there are more subtle ways to revenge on Britain. They "focused small shopowners, seamen and fish- interpret the meaning of America's upon opportunities to restore French ermen," Peking teaches its children. Revolutionary War. prestige and to pull down Great "While the bourgeois politicians Two historical competitors Britain from the position of ascen- were noisily debating in the colonial France and Britain—offer some in- dancy she had won at the Peace of legislatures, the fighters of the Sons structive lessons in the gentle art of Paris." of Liberty had already taken Revolu- imaginative emphasis. The French tionary action." blame the war on British tyranny. The Shot Heard (?) Only pressure from the people The British blame it on misunder- Round the World pulled politicians from their debates standing. Whether the American principles to face the British threat, the The British text relates the nu- of free government were based on Chinese teach. merous efforts at compromise and the French philosophes or the "At the beginning of the Congress, proposals by the British parliament British philosopher John Locke; the conservatives vehemently advo- for a generous and liberal settlement whether the French entered the war cated compromise with the British of grievances. The French version for liberty or revenge; whether the ruling clique and angrily voted points out the colonists' determina- American people earned the victory, against independence. Later, this ad- tion to be prepared militarily when were saved by the French or were verse situation was retrieved by the the attack began. allowed to win by British mistakes, revolutionary movement of the pop- "While George III was making up the American Revolution remains a ular masses." his mind to reduce the colonies by crucial turning point in history and The Chinese text praises the Dec- force of arms," the French text re- continues to serve as evidence in a laration of Independence, citing lates, "the Philadelphia Congress as- thousand foreign courts for a thou- Marx's statement that it was "the sumed sovereign authority, raised sand different causes. first declaration of the rights of troops, and gave command of them Whatever the cause, and whatever man." to Washington." the purpose various interpretations But, in the Peking view, the Dec- The British "were prepared to risk of the Revolution are meant to fill laration is a defective statement of civil war within the empire," but hopefully, the final interpreter of the principles, hampered by the bour- thought "only a dominant minority Revolution will be the nation that geois background of its formulators. in the colonies was aiming at inde- continues to best serve its revolu- "The political principles enunci- pendence." tionary principles. —S. C. Grant

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 . . ..

Whenever Time is Important

THE WRIST ALARM LED TIME- CAMEO SYSTEMS ANNOUNCES . . . PIECE HAS SIX OTHER IMPOR- ^ I TANT FUNCTIONS. This unique The timepiece is more than just an alarm. You get hours and minutes, the month Wrist and date, continuous countdown of seconds and the day of the week. The 99 Alarm calendar even adjusts automatically for Hour and Minute the different number of days in each month. It's a precision computer timepiece made by Advance Watch, a company that specializes in precision digital timepieces. The "Wrist Alarm"

is incredibly accurate. Unexcelled

accuracy is achieved with no moving Seconds parts to break down or wear out. There

is a quartz crystal oscillator that splits each second into 32,768 parts. Two microcomputers, each with equivalent A revolutionary of 1,500 transistors, transforms the computer timepiece quartz crystal input into the time infor- with a built-in mation you want. The electrical energy electronic alarm. is provided by two batteries. Month and Date ONE YEAR LIMITED WAR- RANTY. The "Wrist Alarm" comes Now let the WRIST ALARM LED tell you not to be late for with a limited one-year warranty. If the any occasion. Whenever time is important, the "Wrist timepiece fails to provide you with Alarm" is there to alert you. If you must be on time for an satisfactory performance during normal important appointment orjust to be reminded to drop another use, Advance Watch will repair it with- coin in a parking meter, the alarm will sound off at the precise out charge for parts and labor within a time you set. It can alert you discretely or persistently. You one-year period. Day of the Week can personalize its use. For example, if you are at a meeting, The WRIST ALARM is attractively designed in your choice you can shut the alarm off after just one sounding, before it of yellow microm electroplated with a stainless steel back or can be detected by others. Otherwise, after five seconds, the Rhodium plated case with a stainless steel back both with an alarm will sound for 12 seconds as a persistent reminder. adjustable link bracelet to match. 10 day no obligation trial There's also a snooze alarm feature that automatically purchase. Order yours today for only $89.95. restarts the alarm sequence after 5 minutes. It's a great idea

1 for an extra "40 winks" of sleep in the morning. Please send me Timpiece(s) at $89.95.

The WRIST ALARM LED is not only a great idea for Penna. Residents add 6% Sales Tax. morning wake-ups at home or when traveling, but also is a Add $3 for Shipping and Handling perfect way to remember to catch your favorite radio or TV for first watch show, to time cooking, to set a time limit for phone calls and $1 for each additional watch. meetings or to use for any occasion when a time reminder is Enclosed is my Check important. Money Order for Total

Charge to my BankAmericard Master Charge

Card #_ Expiration Date. Name

Address . Phone

City . State .Zip. indicates activation. Set the time. Activate the alarm. Flashing time Sign

No COD's or Box Numbers Please The WRIST ALARM is easy to set. Just a few presses of Order now by mail or phone toll free two buttons is all you have to do to get an accuract and 1-800-523-6054 / Pa. Residents call 215-752-7676 dependable reminder at the precise time you want. Just set CAMEO SYSTEMS, INC. and activate the alarm. The alarm time you set will then flash, P.O. Box 69 - One Oxford Valley assuring you that the "Wrist Alarm" will beep precisely at Langhorne, Pa. 19047 the prescribed time. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 39 (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 8) his third Vega Winnie Mae of Okla- The Incredible Wiley Post homa City to avoid confusion.) At 5:10 A. M., July 15, 1933, Post, alone, lifted the Winnie Mae from New York's Floyd Bennett Field and followed about the same course as he had with Gatty in 1931. He had installed an automatic pilot in the plane, perfected by the Sperry Gyro- scope Company in 1932, and that allowed him to snatch short periods of rest. He called the autopilot "Mechanical Mike." Throughout the flight he managed to overcome fa- tigue, bad weather, fueling problems and rough landing fields, among other difficulties. Wiley brought the Winnie Mae back to Floyd Bennett Field a half- minute before midnight on July 22. He'd circled the world in 7 days 18 hours 49 to minutes, breaking his and Gatty's record by just over 21 hours. Post's record stood until 1938, when Howard Hughes, with a crew of four, made the world circuit in 3 days 19 hours 8 minutes. But Hughes said, "Wiley Post's flight remains the most remarkable flight in history. He did it alone. To make a trip of that ." kind is beyond comprehension. . . Post's greatest enemy on both world flights had been bad weather. At times the weather had driven the Winnie Mae to an altitude of 20,000 feet, where he'd dared not remain Rogers and Wiley Post just before takeoff from Juneau, in 1935 Alaska flight Will long. But flight at high altitude, which was to be their last. Below, their plane crashed near Barrow. Wiley knew, could hurdle bad- with bedbugs. The Winnie Mae made the crossing fortable and infested weather hazards. He began intensive 2,441-mile leg of to the Royal Air Force's Sealand The hazardous, high-altitude studies, challenging the Solomon, Aerodrome near Liverpool in 16 the flight from Siberia to environment "above the weather." nightmare of personal hours 17 minutes. It was the 28th Alaska, was a After months of trial-and-error tests, endurance. It lasted 16 hours 45 transatlantic flight, including those he created the world's first success- a takeoff from Solo- made by dirigibles. minutes. When ful high-altitude pressure suit and attempted, the Winnie Mae After refueling, Post and Gatty mon was developed airplane modifications that the soft sand, bending took off for Hanover, Germany, and nosed over in allowed extended high-altitude her propeller tips. Wiley managed to then Berlin, where a large crowd flights. At this time, Post alone was propeller with a hammer, awaited them at Tempelhof Airport. repair the seriously considering long-distance stone, and the flight con- The flyers had been 35 hours without wrench and stratosphere flying. after accepting official tinued to Fairbanks. The next land- sleep, and, On December 7, 1934, after a two- ing was at Edmonton, Canada, greetings, were thankful to get nine hour and 26-minute high-altitude where they were compelled to take hours rest. flight, Post wrote of the stratosphere 994-mile course off from the paved surface of the They covered the portion of it: nine hard main street, after work crews re- from Berlin to Moscow in —The thermometer outside regis- rains and stiff moved telephone and power lines. hours, through heavy tered 70°F. below zero, yet I teas There was no crowd Then, it was on to Cleveland—and headwinds. comfortable. The flying suit the Soviet airfield, but New York. waiting at worked perfectly after I had fast- they were feted at an At 8:47 P. M. on July 1, 1931, the that night ened the face-plate of my helmet banquet, dur- Winnie Mae touched down at Roose- elaborate nine-course and turned on the (external) responded to many velt Field, where an official timer of ing which they supercharger at 20,000 feet—As a Russian toasts by drinking water. the National Aeronautics Association result of this flight I am con- hours' sleep, and an was waiting. Post and Gatty had After two vinced that airplanes can travel at exasperating delay while the flyers circled the globe in 8 days 15 hours terrific speeds above 30,000 feet from the plane's tanks, 51 minutes, announced the timer. siphoned fuel by getting into the prevailing heavily loaded The flight covered a total of 15,474 which had been too wind channel. for a takeoff from miles, averaging about 146 miles per by the Russians day's news- air. According to the next field, Post and Gatty set hour during time in the the rough Post had reached flight, Wiley bought paper accounts, off for four stops in Siberia, all at Soon after the Hall for 50,000 feet, although his altimeter primitive airfields. At one field the the Winnie Mae from change the had broken at 35,000 feet. plane had to be freed from the mud $21,200. He offered to Fain so That same year he was awarded by horses. They got little rest at the plane's name if Winnie Mae the Gold Medal of the Federation Siberian stops; beds were uncom- desired, but she did not. (Hall named

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 — .

he'd ordered and they made the plane TURN YOUR nose-heavy, requiring that engine power be maintained to keep the SPARE TIME INTO nose up for a landing. The two friends loaded two cases of chili and Rogers' typewriter aboard and on Aug. 6 took off. After SPOT CASH a delay in Juneau because of rain NO INVESTMENT! NO RISK! "This old boy Wiley Post turns up the right alley all the time," Rogers wired from Juneau—and a visit in Fairbanks, they headed for Point Barrow the afternoon of Aug. 15. Several foggy hours later, Post put the plane down on a small lagoon and asked an Eskimo named Clair Okpeaha, who had a sealing camp nearby, for directions to the town of Barrow. Okpeaha pointed the way, and, after Rogers talked to the Eskimos at the camp, the travelers got back into the plane. Post pushed open the throttle, the

Post poses in rubber pressure suit prior Orion-Explorer lifted off the water to attempt to break altitude record —and then, suddenly, the engine quit. The plane dived into the shal- Aeronautique Internationale, which low water with terrific impact and at the time had been won by only flipped on its back, with broken American, Charles A. one other fuselage and torn wing. Lindbergh. He also won the coveted Both men were killed. Post was Harmon International Trophy. pinned against the engine. Rogers By mid-June, 1935, Post had spent was thrown into the water. Post's Free Outfit Starts You In far more hours in the stratosphere gold watch stopped at 8:18 that than any other man, and had Big Money Shoe Business! evening, Aug. 15, 1935. traveled in the "jet stream" at sus- Okpeaha ran the 16 miles to Bar- tained ground speeds of around 300 Make $2.50-$10 a pair. row in five hours, and burst into the miles per hour for long periods. The U.S. Department of Interior Reindeer Thousands of people just like you first man to ride the jet stream, he Station with the first report of the are now making $2.50 to $10 a pair established its potential to air trans- accident. The Eskimo's description on shoes ordered by their friends, portation. And—he'd done it all in of the victims—"man with rag over the Winnie Mae. neighbors and fellow-workers from sore eye and big man with boots" Post then purchased parts of two our beautiful full-color catalog. You left no doubt as to their identity. crashed planes, an Orion and an can make this on-the-spot profit, too! Rogers was honored with services Explorer, and ended up with "a hy- The catalog has 350 styles of qual- and eulogies all over the nation and brid Orion-Explorer." In late July ity dress, sport and work shoes for even the hobos of America declared 4-1 1935, accompanied by his wife, and men and women, sizes 6, widths a 30-day mourning period for the good friend Will Rogers, he flew his AA-EEEE. You show the catalog, "Immortal Cherokee Kid." His body new plane to Albuquerque, NM, for write the order and collect the de- rests in a crypt on the grounds of the a short vacation. posit-your one-the-spot cash com- Will Rogers Memorial in Claremore, Post and Rogers had in common mission. There is NO INVESTMENT OK. a love for flying that knew no -NOW OR EVER! Rush coupon for bounds; few non-flyers had done as Post's casket lay in state in the FREE Starting Outfit, plus exciting much to popularize air travel as Will Oklahoma State Capitol Building, Prize & Bonus Offers! Oklahomans Oklahoma City; his funeral, attended Rogers. The two MASON SHOE, G-860 planned a leisurely flight around the by 20,000, was the largest Oklahoma Chippewa Falls, Wl 54729. world, but told very few people about had ever seen. Governor Marland and General Butner, President Roose- it because they wanted to avoid velt's personal representative, at- crowds and set schedules. MASON SHOE CO., G-860 days after the Albuquerque tended. An honor squadron of Post's A few Chippewa Falls, Wl 54729 vacation, the two met in Seattle, friends, in civil aircraft, accompanied where Post was trying to get pon- by a flight of military airplanes, flew RUSH FREE CATALOG AND OTHER SALES TOOLS TO: toons of the proper size and weight overhead and dropped flowers in for the Orion-Explorer. He had respect to a great colleague. Post NAME: ordered the type commonly used by was buried in the Memorial Park Cemetery at Edmond, a few miles Alaskan bush pilots but they had ADDRESS: failed to arrive. Rogers was impa- north of Oklahoma City, despite spe- tient to get to Alaska, where he was cial Congressional action allowing his going to interview an old trader and burial in Arlington. whaler who lived at Point Barrow, And some thoughtful soul placed CITY: so Post took a set of pontoons from a black crepe bow on the propeller an old Fokker tri-motor. They were of the Winnie Mae at the Smith- STATE:. .ZIP: larger and heavier than the pontoons sonian Institution. —Peggy Robbins

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 41 (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 17) ward. The object is to lift the walker, move it forward and then step ahead Paralysis That Made Us Forget Swine Flu into the protection of the bars. Repe- tition of this action enables a dis- and brain commands cannot reach numbness. I had no feeling in my abled individual to "walk." It all muscles, paralysis can set in, areas arms and hands ; in my legs and feet, easy, but when legs are of the body can lose sensation, heart nor in my trunk. I felt as though my sounds so action can change and breathing can hands were encased in thick, skin- weak and wobbly and the knee become difficult. tight gloves tied tightly at the wrists. doesn't always lock, there is always The following morning, when I On my feet, thick soled, tight boots. the fear of falling on your face, as I write today, there is still arose, I couldn't stand without sup- Even walker and all. forward, I staggered numbness in my hands and a tight- port. If I leaned One day, when I arrived for ther- wall, chair or ness around my wrists. on until stopped by a apy, my walker was gone! In its force. Leaning back, I The hospital in which I was con- other outside place, I was handed two canes, and backward until something fined was also a training hospital. It tottered I went into a near panic. My arms little, was not unusual to have teams of halted my motion. Little by were weak and my legs unsteady. per- doctors at my bedside almost every but very rapidly, my ability to How were these two elongated chores was day, since Guillain-Barre was an inform even the simplest strings of spaghetti going to prevent a shirt, pulling on frequent and fairly rare visitor. I going. Buttoning me from falling. With the help of an socks, slipping a foot into a shoe, was frequently subjected to, "I'm attendant, I got to my feet—and all required utter concen- going to touch your toe or foot with tying laces froze. I couldn't move. tration and most ended in failure, a pin. Tell me which it is?" or "I'm Once again I was given instruc- simply because I was losing muscular going to move one of your toes. Tell tions: "When you stand, lock your coordination. me which it is and in what direction knee. Tighten the buttock muscle. the doctor's office, I am moving it?" Hard as I tried, I That morning at Move slowly. Move your left foot out always guessed wrong. I could not I failed all coordination tests. A test when you move your right cane, then in which feel what was being done. I remember clearly was one your right foot with the left cane. each After a few months, Guillain- a small object was placed in Don't move the cane too far forward of me. Slowly, hand and I was to identify each Barre had had enough and keep it close to your side. Right solely by touch. In one hand I a little uncoordinated muscular cane—left foot, left cane—right foot. I could feed my- head ; in the strength returned. thought I held an arrow Look up. Don't look at the floor!" heart. Wrong. One was a self, wash my face, roll out of bed other a There have been problems and oc- numeral 3 and the other, a 4. They into a wheelchair without using my casional embarrassments. I had to were the small metal numbers we see legs. I even learned to maneuver the relearn to write as I had to relearn on many doorposts, and I couldn't chair. I had reached bottom and was to walk. All my tendon reflexes are recognize them. now on the upswing. gone and are not expected to return. "I want you in the hospital im- Physiotherapy was prescribed to Sweat glands in my hands are not mediately. You have all the symp- stretch and strengthen the paralyzed functioning, making it difficult to of acute infectious polyneuritis. muscles. This ranged from the plea- toms handle smooth objects. My balance It travels fast and if it reaches the surable warm immersion in a whirl- is not good and I stumble clumsily at chest, you may encounter trouble pool bath to the agonizing stretching times. I cannot run and the loss of breathing," the doctor stated. of dormant, flaccid muscles. Soon a reflex responses has slowed me down, Within an hour, I was admitted as new exercise was added—learning to but it's all okay with me. I remember emergency case. The following walk. This normal, natural activity an Guillain-Barre vividly and am grate- morning, after routine tests, I was was one of the most difficult chores ful to get off as well as I have. scheduled for X-rays. I stepped out I have ever faced. Today, when I observe an infant of bed and sat down in a wheelchair. The first steps I attempted were and hear it cry because it cannot turn I was rolled to the X-ray room and between parallel bars. Since my over, or hear it fret because it cannot when I stepped out of the chair, my knees would give way under my sit up, or hear it rage with frustra- knees gave and I dropped to the floor. weight, I wheeled my chair into po- tion because it cannot get its thumb I tried to stand, but I couldn't force sition at the end of the bars and to its mouth, I am filled with com- myself erect. My knees were like pulled myself erect. The bars, of passion and understanding because I loose hinges. It was to be months course, were for hand support. Hold- know what it is like. I have been before I would stand again and al- ing myself upright, I was given in- through it recently myself. most three years before I would walk structions, believe it or not, on how that my old enemy, Guillain- unaided again. to walk. As I stepped forward I had Now Barre, is out in the open, perhaps I was returned to my room and to remember to lock the knee and to some enterprising medical detective lifted into bed. That evening pain set tighten the buttock muscle. Before will take a good hard look at it and in. Pain in my arms, back and legs Guillain-Barre, I never thought about come up with a serum to eliminate which was reduced with drugs. The what I did when I walked. How infectious polyneuritis and its com- light sheet and blanket were now many do? The next time you take a panion types, as Salk and Sabin did excessively heavy and abrasive. step think about it. for polio. It may be possible that Sharp electrical shocks coursed When I was pronounced reason- polio and Guillain-Barre are kissing down my arms to my finger tips. ably proficient with the parallel bars, cousins. With both diseases the nerve Strength ebbed and muscular control I graduated to a walker. A walker endings die off, however with vanished. I was now completely help- is a four-legged contraption with Guillain-Barre they grow back ever less. I could not feed myself nor take bars on three sides and open in the so slowly. care of any normal needs. back so that it can be stepped into. will tell if can thank More blood tests, a spinal tap and The top bars are high enough so that Only time we casting a lung pressure tests were taken. (For- a person can lower his arms and the swine flu program for Syn- tunately, the paralysis never reached grab them. The walker is light spotlight on the Guillain-Barre — Field my chest). With the paralysis came enough to be lifted and moved for- drome. Ab

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 ; '98 Veterans of ' Hunting ' Fishing

' Camping

' Sleeps 4

Look Back with Pride i Guaranteed

For the first time — a fiberglass Do-lt-Yourself oldest one is 100 years old Why didn't Miller and the others The Kit! No welding. Scamp kit includes all parts the younger ones are in their wait for reinforcements? "Because you need and fully-illustrated step-by-step as- sembly manual. Scamp can be completed in 60 90s. They were all volunteers. They there wasn't a whole club of us out hours with minimum tools. Also available ready to hitch-up-and-go. didn't have to go! They wanted to! there, you know," he replied with a Of the 400 or so surviving vet- smile. Write SCAMP Industries, Inc., Dept. AL-7 5651 Manitou Rd., Tonka Bay, MN 55331 for erans of the Spanish-American War John Housley, 99, of Bakersfield, beautiful 12-pg. full color catalog. Please enclose S2.00 for postage and handling. of 1898, 17 were in the Northern CA, enlisted into the regular Army California's Napa Valley community out of the Tennessee National Guard and in of Yountville (a few weeks ago) for served Puerto Rico and Cuba. Gather Easter Eggs Everyday a reunion at the Veterans Home of He, too, was a farm boy, but the Hens lay pink, blue, green & olive he it it California. way remembers now, wasn't eggs. Supplying thousands weekly. If their bodies have seen better quite so much a matter of patriotism Also hatching standard & State Fair winning rare breeds, also Bantams. days, their spirits still are willing. as it was a convenient family Send 500 for our colored catalog. Sam Waller, 100, a resident of the compromise. CLINTON HATCHERY, Inc. Watts area of Los Angeles, is the "I signed up because my dad Box 548-AL, Clinton, MO. 64735 grand old man of this band of grand wanted me to be a preacher and I

old men. He came out of the coal wanted to be a lawyer and that sent Big opportunities. Big prof- mines of West Virginia, enlisted in me into the Army," he said. its. Earn quickly. Full or part time. Learn at home, "It Pittsburgh and shipped out to the was a hard war to fight be- it's easy. Do real jobs: All Philippines with the 10th Volunteer cause when you know there's a man Tools — Materials Sup- plied. Accredited member Regiment, an infantry unit. For him, out there that you can see shooting NHSC. Lie. State of NJ- 1898 was the first of 25 years in the at you, that's all right, but they Appd. for Vet. Send name _ and address for FREE book. Army, a lot of them as an infantry were hiding in the brush or behind Locksmithing Institute, Dept. 1221-077 first sergeant—and in many ways, a doggone tree. They weren't fight- Div. Technical Home Study Schools, Little Falls, N. J. 07424 he says, it was the best year. ing fair." "The thing that stands out in my Like one of the guest speakers FIND TREASURE! that the President said: "There never are memory most was splendid Locate roins, jewelry, gold, silver, other valuables at the time, William McKinley, was wars, just splendid men." with world-famous White's electronic mineral/metal Call toll-tree for of nearest dealer. a great man and a Christian man; —M. S. Chipp detectors. location

(in III call 800-322-4400) 800-447-4700 . he called for 250,000 volunteers and ELECTRONICS. FREE got twice that many," Waller said. DEPT AC-7-J Literature "He got so many that the Army Arkansas 1011 Pleasant Valley Rd . Sweet Home, OR 97386 told us they couldn't use us all, go home and maybe there'll still be a Oldtimers COMSAT VETERANS chance for you. If you were in a com- The nation's two oldest veterans "That's why I'm so proud of being bat zone, you risked live 150 miles apart in Arkansas. in that war. They didn't have to rope your life for America. Now Each is 105. Each served during get the respect and admira- and hog-tie and drag us in. We got the Spanish-American War. tion you deserve! Free de- $13 a month in those days, but we tails. The oldest is Norman Hobgood, loved our country." ComVet, Box 2469-E, Van Nuys, CA 91404 of Arkadelphia. He was born Jan. It was like that, too, for Herman 4, 1872, some 10 weeks before Miller, 98, who lives in San Diego William J. Moore of Harrison, who now, but came off a Minnesota farm observed his 105th when the fighting began. birthday on MARTIN'S FLAGS March 17. The Veterans Admin- "Why did I enlist? Why wouldn't HAPPY BIRTH0AV istration says almost 400,000 per- BETSY ROSS FLAG I enlist?" answered Miller feistily. 200 Years Old

sons were members of the armed June 14, 1977 "We had thousands of youngsters Prompt forces during the Spanish-American shipment / ik to who enlisted under-age. It was a olortul WHOLESALE Co og tor 1977 War era from 1892-1902, includ- fight for your country and that's one MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE, IOWA 50501 ing those with service in the thing you did. Spain had sunk our Philippine Insurrection and Boxer battleship (the Maine) in Havana and we were death on Spain and we Rebellion. VA compensation and pension rolls show fewer than 500 were gonna lick 'em. The rest of the are still among the nation's 29.7 BBSS world said: 'You're never gonna lick million living veterans. Spain,' but we done it." FOR PERMANENT Miller proudly wore an old Army |T FUND RAISING campaign to the reunion. hat The ife^ Easy way to raise money for your Organization decorations on his chest included the MICRO MINI MIKE because everyone has fun playing BINGO! WIRELESS MICROPHONE Thousands of Organizations Silver Star. "They gave me that in are making up to ^world's smallest; solid state, self-contain-^ $500.00 per week using "BINGO KING" supplies ed. Picks up and transmits most sounds lieu of the Congressional Medal of and FREE Idea Bulletins. Write for ' 1^^ FREE catalog j without wires up to 300 ft. through FM Ra- | dio. Use as mike, ar,d details on raising money for Honor," he said. "There was seven of I ampf., alarm & alert sys., h ^£ your Organiza- I hot line, baby sitter, etc. Money back guar. 5 E tion. us (in a Philippines battle) and i B/A, M/C cds, COD ok. $18.95 plus $1.00 we |jE=: PLEASE GIVE NAME OF ORGANIZATION. i post. & hdlg. Calif, res. add tax. Mail orders | attacked a trench defended by about only. Qty. Disc. Avail. AMC SALES, INC. 100 riflemen." " Dept. L Box 928 • Downey, Calif. 90241 5 Dept. 707A, Box 2588, LITTLETON, COLO. 80120 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 43 LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS BOOKS Canoeing Safety

THAT MATTER Canoeing has a special appeal for you stand. Then lean your entire anglers and campers. It's a sport weight on one side to capsize it. You'll How To Run Any Organization, by that requires little training; beginners probably need help. In rough water, Theodore Caplow. Holt, Rinehart and know instinctively how to paddle, but where swimming is difficult, a cap- be learned sized canoe will help keep you afloat. Winston, Pub., NY, NY, 207 pp., $7.95. specific techniques must for avoiding obstacles in rough water. Shooting the rapids in a canoe isn't Mr. Caplow's book, itself a model The Indians designed our canoe; the as dangerous as it appears on film. of fine organization, provides an French explorers discovered it in the The daredevil wears a buoyant life easy to informative, stimulating and 17th century. It has changed little. vest, a plastic crash helmet, and pads read guide to just about any man- Air chambers in the bow and stern, to protect his knees. Usually the worst agement endeavor. Five major areas and buoyant sponsons along the gun- that can happen is that he and his he'll go that a manager must either in- wales have been added for stability. canoe will part company and the white stinctively know how to cope with And, of course, aluminum and fiber- bobbing down through replaced birchbark. The water like a cork. Spectators might or learn how to cope with are glass have canoe has remained the perfect craft watch in horror but his thoughts will covered: authority, communication, for wilderness rivers, streams and be on the possible damage to his productivity, morale and change. lakes. It's inexpensive, light in weight, canoe. managers are made than Since more travels fast and is maintenance-free. fishhooks safely by laying born, this book is aimed at those Canoes have the reputation of being CARRY separately on a strip of masking seeking to learn, and in particular at "cranky." This may be true, but they them tape, then folding another tape strip managers of smaller businesses and aren't dangerous if you know how to on top of them, recommends Darrell organizations. swim. Keep low in a canoe, sitting, Bodine of Mt. Victory, OH. Points kneeling or crouching as you change are protected and can't snag. Just pull places, and you'll find it's almost Hitler's War, by David Irving. The off a hook when needed. impossible to capsize because of its Viking Press, Pub., New York, NY, quick- sponsons. Stand upright, move WHEN sleeping in your station wagon, 902 $17.50. skid under you and pp, ly, and it might first coat the windshield and windows of his off-balance; then you will Because of the enormity throw you with a cleaner that leaves a white film it does capsize, subject, the author has limited this go overboard. When on the glass, writes G. D. Kent of in rough weather, it study of Hitler to the WW II years. or ship water Lansing, MI. This will give you cur- almost never overturns; it remains off The story is told from Hitler's view- tains at night. Next morning wipe upright even* when filled with water. clean for point and consequently details how the windows and they'll be It won't sink because of its air cham- people were affected driving. the German bers which will also support your during that long, bitter struggle. It weight; two paddlers can climb into MILK sours quickly on a camping trip. his- is a worthwhile addition to the and paddle it while partly submerged. Charlie Cabaret of Oklahoma City, torical record of the period. Usually one holds it until the other OK, a Legion member for over 30 bails out some of the water; then it is years, has a remedy. When the milk is lighter and easier to guide. If the still fresh, he adds a pinch of baking Blye, Private Eye, by Nicholas canoe should overturn, you can dive soda per quart. It delays souring and Pileggi. Playboy Press, Pub., New and surface inside it, hold onto a is tasteless. 218 $10., and The York, NY, pp., seat and paddle ashore. There will be If you have a helpful idea for Life in the Supersleuths, by Bruce Henderson plenty of breathable air trapped be- Outdoors send it in. If we use it we'll pay and Sam Summerlin, Macmillan neath it. you $5.00. However, we cannot acknowl- 291 $8.95. to the sport, practice Pub. Co., NY, NY, pp., If you're new edge, return, or enter into correspondence in shallow, calm water Midsummer is the perfect time for with a canoe concerning contributions. Address: Out- learn its responses. Step in American Legion Maga- a good mystery story, but instead of until you door Editor, The and out, change seats with a com- zine, 1608 K Street, N.W., Washington, fiction, here are two books that de- panion, notice how unstable it is when D.C. 20006. scribe the cases of real detectives on the trail of real criminals. Irwin Blye is a private eye whose clients more often than not are the world's downtrodden and poor. Using quotes from the works of famous mystery writers to show how dis- similar the actual world of crime detection is from the glamor of the make-believe one, Blye gives us a lucid look at how a private investi- gator earns his keep. In contrast, "The Supersleuths" details the most challenging cases of international officialdom's "real- life" top detectives. Most have never achieved nearly the fame or acclaim that their investigative triumphs deserve, a fact that this book helps correct. It also provides an exciting review of some of the more bizarre cases in the annals of crime. —Grail Hanford

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 — . ——

(CONTINUED FROM PAGE 2) God and the Fourth of July gious faith. Some scoff at all faiths solemnly. "Upon both we now de- 8/mo believe pend." as mere superstition; some Largest Manufacturer that reason alone will make people During the Civil War, the phrase and Distributor of good or "ethical." George Washing- "In God We Trust" first appeared on BINGO ton did not agree. U.S. coins at the direction of Abra- Supplies "Let us with caution indulge the ham Lincoln's Secretary of the Trea- Free Catalogues available for: •k Complete bingo Flags & banners supposition that morality can be sury, Salmon P. Chase. Rev. M. R. supplies Plaques Atrophies maintained without religion," Wash- Watkinson of Ridleyville, PA, had * Tables & chairs * Jar & breakopen * Armchair races tickets ington warned in his Farewell Ad- written Chase in November 1861, k Concession Supplies; Cups, Plates, Pop- dress on Sept. 17, 1796, after two after a series of Union Army defeats, corn and Vending Machines terms as President of the young Re- suggesting "recognition of the Al- ALL STAR BINGO INC. Dept. AL-7 P.O. Box 2816, Clearwater, Ha. 33517 public. mighty God in some form on our "Whatever may be conceded to the coins." influence of refined education on Nearly 100 years later, in 1955, LEARN minds of peculiar structure, reason Congress ordered "In God We Trust" MEAT CUTTING and experience both forbid us to put on all paper money as well as i quickly in 8 short weeks at Toledo bright future with security in the vital expect that national morality can coins. business. Big pay. full-time jobs — HAVE A PROFITABLE MARKET OF YOUR prevail in exclusion of religious prin- In 1962, the Supreme Court banned OWN! Time payment plan available. Di- Lipploma siven. Job help. Thousands of suc- ciple," he went on. "It is substan- the use of official prayers in public cessful craduates. OUR 54th YEAR! Send NOW for a b* new illustrated FREE catalog. No obligation. C X. approved. NATIONAL 71-02- is schools. witnesses in courts SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING. No tially true that virtue or morality But 0197T, Dept. A- 116 83 N. Superior/Toledo, OH 43604. a necessary spring of popular gov- throughout the land are still asked ernment." to swear that their testimony will be ELECTRIFY YOUR BIKE! Of course all people, in all coun- "the truth, the whole truth, and PEDALPOWER exciting new bike drive tames tries, are endowed with the same nothing but the truth, so help you tough hills. Be independent. Shop when you want. Fits all Bikes, Adult Trikes. Installs God-given rights as Americans. God." The same custom is followed in minutes. Thousands sold. Recharges President Dwight D. Eisenhower in Congressional hearings where overnite. Travels 100 miles for a dime. emphasized that point at the dedi- testimony is under oath. Send for FREE illustrated booklet. GENERAL ENGINES CO., cation of the Washington Hebrew The Senate and House of Repre- 5451 Mantua Blvd., Sewell, N.J. 08080 Congregation Temple on May 6, sentatives both have official chap- 1955. lains. The daily session in each "These rights, then, come not be- chamber begins with a prayer. ORIGINAL j|g2jr| cause we have emigrated to this Our national anthem, "The Star- W.W.II '24.95 1 1 PLUS $2.00 POSTAGE great and glorious land, crowded Spangled Banner," and other popu- HELMET AND HANDLING with God's resources," Ike declared, lar patriotic songs—"Battle Hymn of (NOT A REPLICA) X — COLLECTORS! 32 PG. COLOR CATALOGS1.00 "not because we have been more for- the Republic;" "America, the Beau- W.W. II Medals, Civil War Hats, Flags etc. 100's of items CATALOG ""I UNIQUE IMPORTS. INC. Dept. tunate than our brethren elsewhere, tiful;" "God Bless America"—all em- FREE AL 1 Wj ORDER I 610 FRANKLIN STREET. ALEXANDRIA. VIRGINIA 22314 but because each is a child of God." phasize our country's connection But only in America did the with the Almighty. Founding Fathers clearly define the Historians of the future will decide BASEMENT TOILET purpose of our governmental system the effect on the conduct of our peo- Flushes up to existing sewer or sep- tic tank by powerful, self-contained as securing those God-given rights ple and our government. They will pump operated by normal water pressure. No digging up floors. Clog to our people. judge whether we Americans have resistant, easily installed. Make In November 1962, a month after actually behaved any better in our basement into game room, den, apartment with private bath. Financing available. the Cuban missile crisis, President time than other principalities which Write for free literature. John F. Kennedy toured military claim no such lofty heritage. SANDERS, Dept. J— 17 Box 92102, Houston, Tx 77206. bases in the southeast to give his Better or not—the United States thanks to men of the Army, Navy, of America is certainly different SWITCHBLADE COMB only 2.95 Air Force and Marines who had been from other countries because of its 1 """".1 11 "' mobilized for possible war with spiritual origins. If we are not a Ullllllllllllllll!" ^ Russia, where the State claims to be better country, it's our fault, not His. FOOL YOUR FRIENDS. NOVEL & USEFUL. PUSH THE BUTTON AND COMB BLADE SPRINGS OPEN. the source of all the people's rights. — Frank Holeman 9" OVERALL LENGTH WITH LOCKING DEVICE. At Fort Stewart, GA, Kennedy MODEL M 10 PB S2.95 EA. plus 30c postage WESTBURY 373 Ave. spoke to the battle-ready troops of Editor's note: The author is a SALES CO. Maple Westbury, N.Y. 11590 Dept. PB-7-AL the First Armored Division. former White House correspon- "Many years ago," he said, "ac- dent for the New York Daily cording to the story, there was found News. WAR EMERGENCY COINS STEEL CENT SETS 1943-P-D-S Mints in a sentry box in Gibraltar a poem Selected from average circulated coins, heautifully coated with cad- which said: mium and polished. Snaplock holder. $1.25 PER SET 5 SETS FOR $5.50 " 'God and the soldier, all men need money fast? SILVER WAR adore NICKELS Raise $1,000 to $1,000,000 for In time danger and not 1942-P to 1945-S of any purpose within 30 days! Busir All 1 1 Nickels minted before. personal, educational, business start from silver during the expansion, consolidation, inventions, ven war years When the danger is passed and Circulated coins ture capital, grants. FREE DETAILS mounted in cardboard all things righted, holder $6.75 JAY CAMERON, DEPT. ALT-7 Uncirculated coins mounted in deluxe plas- is the soldier tic God forgotten and holder . . . S35.0O I I I IT

Add 5 O

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 45 (CONTINUED FROM PAGE 3) PERSONAL Letters to the Editor

Sir: In your most interesting Feb- THE ECONOMY IN NEXT 6 MOS. ruary article on the Revolutionary War peace treaty the portraits of PRESERVES FROM YOUR GARDEN. John Jay and John Adams were transposed. Thomas A. Hoctor METRIC SYSTEM MAKES GAINS. City Historian New Rochelle, NY

As 1977 reaches its halfway mark, you can assess the economic trends Editor's Note: You're right Mr. of the remaining six months thus: Hoctor! Here is correct order: COST-OF-LIVING: Will rise about 7 percent, which is a bit faster than during the first half, but pretty much in line with earlier predictions. Items likely to have especially strong increases include cars (particularly used cars), products fabricated from steel, building materials, services, and —of course—energy. FOOD: Expect an upturn of 5 percent to 6 percent overall. Fresh produce and coffee will be way over that; but, on the other hand, many other items will rise only modestly. Meantime, two bright spots are developing:

1 ) Interest rates are expected to move upward only slightly by year- end. Neither the government nor business are borrowing enough to apply leverage. In short, money will plentiful at reasonable rates. be Adams Jay 2) Housing starts are exceeding earlier estimates. It now looks like a 1.8 million year, very handsome indeed. Sir: Americans should demand an apology from government for the * * * malicious and insane attack on the If you planted a garden this year, you probably are congratulating FBI, one of the finest and most loyal yourself on your foresight as food prices keep shooting up. Next con- bulwarks against Communist sub- version. sideration for your household: Does it pay to can or home-freeze any of R. Paris the produce? Here are some mathematics worked out by home econo- Laurel, MB mists: Sir : I served with the American con- * Freezing generally is more expensive than home -canning. Even so, tingent in Italy and Dalmatia during the produce you freeze is cheaper than store-bought canned goods, provid- and after World War I. It was not an ing you raised the food in your own garden. If you buy from a food stand all-powerful force, but my Co.E, or a you-pick field, on the other hand, you likely won't save much and 332nd Inf., 83rd Div., was a good may wind up on the losing end. outfit. C. O. LlTTLEFIELD * Canning is governed by this rule of thumb: You won't save much the Bryantville, MA first year, because you have to buy jars and perhaps other equipment. But on subsequent go-rounds you can expect substantial savings if you Sir: In my family, all seven broth- grow the produce yourself (perhaps 40^ qt. vs. store-bought canned goods) ers went to war, while others sought and modest savings if you buy from a food stand or farm. deferments. My sons served. I have Meantime, a relatively new canning phenomenon is being sponsored no regard for draft dodgers or those by cooperatives, by civic groups, churches, etc. (often with financial who pardon them. help from Community Action Programs) —Ball Food Preservation Centers. James L. Cross Actually, Ball Corp., the big maker of canning jars, doesn't run the Crawford County, AK centers; it sells the machinery ($8,700 for a compact 25 ft. x 30 ft. unit) Sir: I used the Lewis gun in Esca- and provides know-how for the new ventures. About 120 now are in op- drille 29 of the Second French Army eration, charging patrons 5c! to 8$ pt. to process the fruits and vegetables during World War I. It was a very they bring in. If you want to find out the location of the Preservation effective weapon and everything said Center nearest you, or information on how to start one, write: Director, about it in your April article was Ball Food Preservation Program, 354 So. High St., Muncie, IN 47302. true. Earl W. Porter * * Riverside, CA Two more everyday measurements gradually are being converted to Sir: Efforts to remove us from the the metric system: Panama Canal Zone smell of Soviet 1. Speed and mileage. By late 1978, all highway signs will show speed long-range planning. limits in kilometers. Markers showing distances are due for conversion Charles L. Rogers somewhat later (maybe 1982). At any rate, a kilometer—as veterans with Estero, FL overseas experience know—is the equivalent of roughly 6/10 mile (or, the Editor's Note: The editor reserves other way around, a mile is 1.6 kilometers). So a speed limit of 55 is 90 the right to condense letter's, with- kph; 30 mph is 50 kph, and 45 mph is 70 kph. out distorting the point of view. The 2. Temperature. The timetable for full conversion to metric (Celsius American Legion Magazine believed scale) is somewhat uncertain, although the National Weather Service is sincerely in the right of Legion- shooting for a complete changeover in 1979. As it occurs, better learn the naires to express opinions on their Celsius system—where 0 is freezing and 100 boiling—from scratch rather magazine, national issues and the than equate it with Fahrenheit. stands which are adopted by the or- By Edgar A. Grunicald ganization in convention, or at Na- tional Executive Committee meetings.

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 — — NOW, AS NEVER BEFORE, SHOW THEM YOU SERVED. —-SHOPPER "SAVE YOUR Holds soap HEART" high & dry!

Wear your own personalized military ring with pride. Highest quality, exquisitely detailed, hefty, man sized 10k gold rings.

Individually molded and linished to your specifications.

Royal is America s prestige military jeweler since 1 946 Satisfaction or money back. Over I000 combinations...

all services, all wars. Prompt deliveries. BankAmer icard.

American Express or Master Charge. Send now lor tree

lull color catalog. ROYAL MILITARY JEWELRY Box Y-A77 Apache Junction. Arizona 85220 STAIR-GLIDE "Stairway Elevator

MAGNETIC SOAP HANGER. Eliminates FACTORY SPECIAL — $289.95 RENTAL-PURCHASE Program Available messy, wasteful soap dishes. A bar can Your STAIR-GLIDE * installs easily and in less than last nearly twice as long! Simply press Manufacturer to you Big powerful still in crates fully 7 H.F* Brlggs & 2 hours. No marring walls or stairway. No special the small metal disk into bar, then click assembled. Strarton engine. wiring required. Shipped directly from factory with- again and again onto magnetized SOAP- " Dozer Compare at in 4 days. STAIR-GLIDE ...the nation's largest sell- SAVER"" bracket. White or chrome finish. blade §489.95 ing stairway elevator! UL LISTED. and Easy self-adhesive mounting. Money-back Brand new grass ppd. for Hale 1977 USED BY THOUSANDS: CARDIAC PATIENTS, ARTH- guarantee. $2. (2 $3.50) catcher models RITICS, SENIOR CITIZENS, PHYSICALLY RE- Mail Co., 48 Pond Rd., Middlefield, Mass. avail- with full STRICTED, POST OPERATIVES. ..and household 01243 able., fac- convenience. tory 'war- WRITE FOR FREE BROCHURE AND NAME OF Full ranty DEALER NEAREST YOU. delivered price to your RIDING AMERICAN STAIR-GLIDE" CORP. In CONGRESS. July j.j//*-. nearest freight office. MOWER 4001 East 138TH ST., Dept. AL-77

^Sfit imammouTSYi-furnlioii , State of'-Xmortfit, Order now or send for Grandview, Missouri 64030 free picture brochure while they last MOW1TT MFG. Sales, bEPT. a 407-B Lillard Rd., Arlington, Tex. 76012 817/461-2751 FIX LAWN MOWERS THE FIRST FOR FUN & PROFIT! Fascinating new CATALOG Handbook by F. Peterson gives you the 14" by 16" copy of DECLARATION OF INDE- knowledge skilled mechanics learn. OF GENUINE PENDENCE. Printed on high quality PARCH- OVER 125 ILLUSTRATIONS show how MENT paper and suitable for framing. Single to trouble shoot, repair carburetors, copy $1.49 plus 50 cents for postage and handling. engines, balance, and sharpen ANTIQUE Two or more copies $1.00 each plus 50 cents for blades, etc. Exploded drawings postage and handling. Beautiful easy to assemble CLOCKS matching gold frame—$10.00 each plus 50 cents are extensively used. for postage and handling. Send name, address, INSTRUCTIONS COVER reel, ro- zip and check to KECK COLLECTIONS, Box tary and rider mowers, pre- The Old Schoolhouse Clock 1158, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49501 ventive and routine mainte- $98.00 K^y d^^pMii I nance, how to identify brand Vw S J% names, where to obtain re- Not replicas, but genuine circa 1900 antiques. V^irr lGm placement parts. How to Catalog offers many styles of increasingly w buy and use a lawnmower. rare antique clocks at incredibly low prices TRY the HANDBOOK OF LAWN MOWER at prices far lower than you would pay at REPAIR. antique shop or auction. Fully restored and Rush only $7.95 plus 60? handling on 10-day in running order. Hurry — these clocks are money-back guarantee. antiques and when they're gone, they're gone forever EMERSON BOOKS, INC., Dept. 918C, Buchanan, N.Y. 10511 PONY EXPRESS SYSTEM P I 9 1 ' Dept 275 0*100 •^TflWl ^ - S 1 V*"**^- 2986 Navajo Street PROSTATE (refundable) M l«e\ Yorktown, N.Y. 10598 Dri-Guard for "No Control" Go Anywhere! Sit Anyplace! New patented RELIEF "DRI-GUARD" liners have abundant absorbent material where most needed! Launderable or Sleep disturbing discomforts if associated with Benign disposable liners enclosed in soft vinyl holder Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH), such as getting up nights urgency and undue retention are prevent escape of any moisture. Use 2 launder- (nocturia), dribbling, often relieved by PROSTEX. This now famous formula is able liners for full night's sleep without at once used by many doctors. Ask yours about BPH, as these change. Guaranteed effective for both men and symptoms may be caused by other medical conditions for women or money back. ORDER BY WAIST SIZE. which PROSTEX is not effective.

Complete with launderable liner, $7.95; Extra Read the complete fascinating story on how it liner $3.50, 2/$6.75; 48 disposable liners $7.95. was discovered and details of its use. Send for (add 75c postage/handling, 6% tax in Calif.). FREE LITERATURE today. If you have an idea for a new product, or a way 626 to make an old product better, contact us, "the RALCO MFG. CO., Dept. UXBRIDGE PHARMACAL CO. 1537 E. McFadden, Santa Ana, CA 92705 idea people" We'll develop your idea, introduce it to Dept. 53, 132 Adams St. industry, negotiate for cash sale or royalty licensing. Newton, Mass. 02158 Write now without cost or obligation for free information. Fees are charged only for contracted

services. So send for your FREE "Inventor's Kit." It FIND BURIED TREASURE has important Marketing Information, a special "Invention Record Form" and a Directory of 1001 Find buried gold, silver, coins, treasures with powerful new Corporations Seeking New Products. electronic detector. Ultra sensitive. Penetrates deep into RAYMOND LEE ORGANIZATION earth. Works through mud, beach sand, rock, wood, 230 Park Avenue North, New York, NY 10017 etc. Signals when object is detected. /f At no cost or obligation, please rush my FREE "Inventor's Kit No. A-183".

Write for Free Catalog, treasure hunting tips and Financing Address. unusual souvenir coin. Available City .Zip. RELCO Dept. DD-5, Box 10839, Houston, Tex. 77018 I J THE! AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 47 —

(T) AXATION A look at one's paycheck, Chopped down by each tax, Proves one needn't be fired To be given the ax.

Corinne A. Baiuteau

DAFFY DEFINITION DIPLOMAT: A person who can juggle a hot potato until it becomes a cold issue. Fran Allen

DEAD RIGHT? Superhighways bring people together.

At least that's the official text . . . It's true they unite far-flung places, Such as this world and the next.

R. Walsh

TNT If you don't think women are explosive, just try dropping one. Selma Glasser

PERPETUAL PUP I've looked in all the pet shops For a certain kind of pup, That special little fellow Who will never grow up. "The news is all bad—go back to bed. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Darrell Bartee

LAST GASP YAWN: Nature's way of letting married men open their mouths. YOU BETTER BELIEVE IT Gene Allen Lady to policeman: "Officer, someone broke into my car and stole $50 worth of groceries." DIGIT FIDGET Policeman: "Did you have them in the front seat or the back of the One thing about our barbecue grill car?" Which I don't think is fair, Lady: "No ... in the glove compartment." Our fingers end up medium broiled Forster Gene But steaks just turn out rare. Dolly Bliss TIME LIMIT "How long do you expect to teach school," the superintendent asked the pretty young teacher as he studied her application. She replied with a shy smile, "From here to maternity."

Lucille Goodyear

A TURN FOR WORSE The Sunday school teacher was describing how Lot's wife looked back and turned into a pillar of salt, when little Jimmy interrupted, "My Mother looked back once when she was driving. She turned into a telephone pole. Mary Ruddy

LIVE WIRE In the business world an executive knows something about everything, a technician knows everything about something—and the switchboard operator knows everything. David Bissonette

TURNING POINT Our nation is at a crossroads; It's the knowledge of the day. The only disagreement is What do the signposts say? Ruth M. Walsh BIT THE WHOLE 'Dear,ii, rememberlememuer your SUggsuggestion

MARRIAGE: Oceans of emotions surrounded by expanses of expenses. that I trace my roots?' Mary Goode THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JULY 1977 Ezra Brooks and the American Legion reach a new high in commemorative bottles.

The magnificent 59th National Convention commemorative whiskey bottle.

Ezra Brooks proudly presents the most unique original molds will be destroyed and no more will and exciting American Legion commemora be made. The bottle will be on sale in August at tive ceramic ever produced. The bottle is the National Convention in Denver, and will genuine Heritage China emblazoned in 24 also be equitably distributed nationally in con- carat gold. Filled with our limited stock, 101 formity with state and national regulations. month old Real Sippin' Whiskey, it's destined And that's some of the best news ever to come to be a very rare collector's item because the up the Pike.

• • KENTUCKY STRAIGHT BOURBON WHISKEY 101 MONTHS- BO PROOF EZRA BROOKS DISTILLING CO . FRANKFORT. KENTUCKY ! !

$ 95 from 50 SHOES 2H HABAND It's a fact ! The newest, freshest, most 19 These are excellent shoes. Handsome, lightweight, and elegant executive shoes coming over long wearing. LOOK WHAT ALL YOU GET: Full from France, Italy & Switzerland life-of-the-shoe one-piece sole & heel. Built-in support shank in the arch. Built-in hidden cost elastic gore. Heavy are beautiful! But they $40, metal buckles. Deluxe bindings. $50, even $65 per pair!! Could and super-comfort insoles — _m,rr And it is

you feel comfortable in such THE WORKS ! You get fine J^S/Ba^ NICE quality, the latest style, extravagance? \ t o save even our famous J0K. ' \ m„„„„ 100% V mone Haband, the direct mail order Guarantee! X^fl W \ Y \ again! people have a better idea. They copy the best imported styles and make them up in highly respected modern shoe

factories here in the U.S.A. I The best American man- made materials! Exact American sizes & widths. And our famous 2 pair for $19.95 price includes FREE Matching Belt!

YOU ARE NOW INVITED TO WEAR TEST

! Any 2 Pairs \AT NO RISK! Take your choice of any two pairs of shoes shown here. Tell us your exact size and choice of color, and send us your order If at any time for any reason you are not completely delighted with your purchase, return the shoes for full refund of every penny you paid us Brown ALL THIS AT 2 PAIR for $19.95! You 'Gator Shoes as specified hereon, for which I enclose my remittance of $ in full. If not satisfied, I can even keep the free belt ! For immediate Champagne delivery, use this easy Direct Service Order Form may return the shoes'and keep the Free Belt Black 70P-429 (911) Lt. Brown BELT Loafer SIZE- LJ| | Name , Apt. Brown Buy 4 pairs HABAND ..#. 'Gator & get BOTH i 265 North 9th Street, Paterson, N.J. Belts (All 4 Free!] M. Habernickel, Jr. Duke Habernickel colors)