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United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922
Cover: During World War I, convoys carried almost two million men to Europe. In this 1920 oil painting “A Fast Convoy” by Burnell Poole, the destroyer USS Allen (DD-66) is shown escorting USS Leviathan (SP-1326). Throughout the course of the war, Leviathan transported more than 98,000 troops. Naval History and Heritage Command 1 United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922 Frank A. Blazich Jr., PhD Naval History and Heritage Command Introduction This document is intended to provide readers with a chronological progression of the activities of the United States Navy and its involvement with World War I as an outside observer, active participant, and victor engaged in the war’s lingering effects in the postwar period. The document is not a comprehensive timeline of every action, policy decision, or ship movement. What is provided is a glimpse into how the 20th century’s first global conflict influenced the Navy and its evolution throughout the conflict and the immediate aftermath. The source base is predominately composed of the published records of the Navy and the primary materials gathered under the supervision of Captain Dudley Knox in the Historical Section in the Office of Naval Records and Library. A thorough chronology remains to be written on the Navy’s actions in regard to World War I. The nationality of all vessels, unless otherwise listed, is the United States. All errors and omissions are solely those of the author. Table of Contents 1914..................................................................................................................................................1 -
Ladies and Gentlemen
reaching the limits of their search area, ENS Reid and his navigator, ENS Swan decided to push their search a little farther. When he spotted small specks in the distance, he promptly radioed Midway: “Sighted main body. Bearing 262 distance 700.” PBYs could carry a crew of eight or nine and were powered by two Pratt & Whitney R-1830-92 radial air-cooled engines at 1,200 horsepower each. The aircraft was 104 feet wide wing tip to wing tip and 63 feet 10 inches long from nose to tail. Catalinas were patrol planes that were used to spot enemy submarines, ships, and planes, escorted convoys, served as patrol bombers and occasionally made air and sea rescues. Many PBYs were manufactured in San Diego, but Reid’s aircraft was built in Canada. “Strawberry 5” was found in dilapidated condition at an airport in South Africa, but was lovingly restored over a period of six years. It was actually flown back to San Diego halfway across the planet – no small task for a 70-year old aircraft with a top speed of 120 miles per hour. The plane had to meet FAA regulations and was inspected by an FAA official before it could fly into US airspace. Crew of the Strawberry 5 – National Archives Cover Artwork for the Program NOTES FROM THE ARTIST Unlike the action in the Atlantic where German submarines routinely targeted merchant convoys, the Japanese never targeted shipping in the Pacific. The Cover Artwork for the Veterans' Biographies American convoy system in the Pacific was used primarily during invasions where hundreds of merchant marine ships shuttled men, food, guns, This PBY Catalina (VPB-44) was flown by ENS Jack Reid with his ammunition, and other supplies across the Pacific. -
US Ships in Commission, Under Construction, and in Mothballs 1 September 1939
US Ships in Commission, Under Construction, and in Mothballs 1 September 1939 Ships in commission (Total 339 ships) Battleships USS Arizona (BB-39) USS Arkansas (BB-33) USS California (BB-44) USS Colorado (BB-45) USS Idaho (BB-42) USS Maryland (BB-46) USS Mississippi (BB-41) USS Nevada (BB-36) USS New Mexico (BB-40, ex-California) USS New York (BB-34) USS Oklahoma (BB-37) USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) USS Tennessee (BB-43) USS Texas (BB-35) USS West Virginia (BB-48) Aircraft Carriers USS Enterprise (CV-6) USS Lexington (CV-2, ex CC-1, ex Constitution) USS Ranger (CV-4) USS Saratoga (CV-3, ex CC-3) USS Yorktown (CV-5) Heavy Cruisers USS Astoria (CA-34, ex CL-34) USS Augusta (CA-31, ex CL-31) USS Chester (CA-27, ex CL-27) USS Chicago (CA-29, ex CL-29) USS Houston (CA-30, ex CL-30) USS Indianapolis) (CA-35, ex CL-35) USS Lousiville (CA-28, ex CL-28) USS Minneapolis (CA-36, ex CL-36) USS New Orleans (CA-32, ex CL-32) USS Northampton (CA-26, ex CL-26) USS Pensacola (CA-24, ex CL-24) USS Portland (CA-33, ex CL-33) USS Quincy (CA-39, ex CL-39) USS Salt Lake City (CA-25, ex CL-25) USS San Francisco (CA-38, ex CL-38) USS Tuscaloosa (CA-37, ex CL-37) USS Vincennes (CA-44, CL-44) USS Wichita (CA-45) Light Cruisers USS Boise (CL-47) USS Brooklyn (CL-40) USS Cincinnati (CL-6, ex CS-6) USS Concord (CL-10, ex CS-10) USS Detroit (CL-8, ex CS-8) USS Honolulu (CL-48) USS Marblehead (CL-12, ex CS-12) 1 USS Memphis (CL-13, ex CS-13) USS Milwaukee (CL-5, ex CS-5) USS Nashville (CL-43) USS Omaha (CL-4, ex CS-4) USS Philadelphia (CL-41) USS Phoenix (CL-46) USS Raleigh (CL-7, ex CS-7) USS Richmond (CL-9, ex CS-9) USS St. -
New Jersey-Built Battleship, Uss Oklahoma (Bb 37)1
Capt. Lawrence B. Brennan, (Ret.) ~ FIRST WARSHIP SUNK 7 DEC 1941: USS OKLAHOMA THE FIRST U.S. WARSHIP SUNK ON 7 DECEMBER 1941: 1 NEW JERSEY-BUILT BATTLESHIP, USS OKLAHOMA (BB 37) By: Captain Lawrence B. Brennan, U.S. Navy (Retired). Member, NJPHS “Oklahoma failed to fire a single shot in anger during two world wars.” Captain Herbert Fox Rommel, Jr., U.S. Navy (Retired) Pearl Harbor Survivor of USS Oklahoma2 The first and last U.S. warships sunk in the Pacific during World War II were violently destroyed with the massive loss of life; both were built by New York Shipbuilding in Camden, New Jersey; both suffered fatal damage from multiple torpedoes; both capsized within 12 minutes. The battleship, USS Oklahoma (BB 37), was sunk at Pearl Harbor on the morning of Sunday, 7 December 1941, with the loss of 429 officers and men; suffering the second greatest number of casualties that morning. Together with USS Arizona (BB 39) more than 60% of the fatalities that morning were suffered by these two ships on Battleship Row. Oklahoma was struck on the port side by as many as nine aircraft-launched torpedoes.3 Nearly 44 months later, the heavy cruiser, USS Indianapolis (CA 35),4 was sunk when struck in the starboard bow and amidships by two torpedoes fired by the Imperial Japanese submarine I-58 in the Philippine Sea on Monday, 30 July 1945, with the loss of approximately 880 officers and men. A further sad coincidence was that the last Commanding Officer Indianapolis, Captain McVay, the only naval officer court martialed and convicted for the loss of his ship in combat during either world war, was the son of Admiral Charles B. -
The American Legion Magazine, a Leader Among National General-Interest Publications, Is Published Monthly by the American Legion for Its 3.1 Million Members
HABAND CO. Wz 7 Th 8 8V2 9 9 265 North 9th Street 10 Wz 11 12 13 Paterson, NJ 07530 i Width: Add $1 per pair for 8'/a 9 9'/2 10 10'/2 11 12 Send pairs of shoes. I've enclosed 7BM-4AC $ purchase price. Add $2.70 postage & handling. 100% SATISFACTION GUARANTEED or FULL REFUND of Purchase Price at Any Time! Check Enclosed DVisa MC Exp.: cool air breezes thru! Long-wearing open weave nylon mesh has thousands of tiny air vents that let fresh air circulate with every step. Then, the soft, bouncy one-piece "Kraton®" rubber sole and heel plus luxurious foam-backed cushion insole provide even more comfort! These handsome, masculine slip-ons come in cool, smart, fresh colors to go with all your casual summer wardrobe. Imagine how great they will feel walking, driving, traveling, vacationing, or just plain relaxing. Best of all, imagine the easy low price: 3 pairs for only $19.95! Send today and be set to enjoy the summer in style and comfort! A conscientious family business serving America's businessmen by mail since 1925. 265 North 9th Street Paterson, NJ 07530 The Magazine for a Strong America Vol.133, No. 1 July 1992 ARTICLE s ALL ABOARD FOR CHICAGO Legionnairesprepare to visit the Windy Cityfor the 74th National Convention. 14 A DECADE OF REMEMBRANCE For 10years, The Wall has helped heal the wounds ofVietnam. 16 1 PLEDGE ALLEGIANCE Those31 wordsmean we respect our country and ourflag. By Fran Roberts 18 TICK...TICK... TICK... Thepopulation time bomb continues the countdown to extinction. -
The American Legion Magazine [Volume 103, No. 1 (July 1977)]
THE AMERICAN— MAGAZINE Serve your back lor is no place for second best. Dewar's "White Label" Blended Scotch Whisky, 86.8 Proof; George Dickel Tennessee Sour Mash Whisky, 86.8 Proof; Plymouth Gin, distilled from 100% grain neutral spirits, 94.4 Proof; O.F.C. Canadian Whisky, A Blend, 86.8 Proof; I.W. Harper Kentucky Straight Bourbon Whiskey, 86 Proof; Schenley Reserve American Whiskey, A Blend, 86 Proof; Schenley Affiliated Brands Corp., New York, N.Y. © 1976 ) . s; THE AMERICAN JULY 1977 JULY 1977 Volume 103, Number I National Commander William J. lingers EGION CHANGE OF ADDRESS Subscribers, please notify Circulation Dept., MAGAZINE P. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206 using Form 3578 which is available at your local post office. Attach old atJdress label and give old and new addresses with ZIP Code number and current membership card num- ber. Also, notify your Poet Adjutant or other Table of Confents officer charged with such responsibilities. The American Legion Magazine GOD AND THE FOURTH OF JULY 2 Editorial & Production Offices The Deity has always been prominent in American attitudes 160ft "K" Street, N. W. Washington, DC 20006 202-393-481 1 Advertising Dept. 202-347-7647 COMMANDER'S MESSAGE: THE KOREAN WITHDRAWAL. 4 direct line) 212-5H6-3460 Cdr. Rogers urges close watch on Communists (New York Office of Publisher THE INCREDIBLE WILEY POST 6 342 Madison Ave. New York. NY 10017 Feiu aviators have approached Post as a record-breaker 212-6H2-H9H2 HOW REDS REWRITE U.S. HISTORY 11 Advertising Sales Communist textbooks depict Declaration of Independence as racist Bassinette/ White Co. -
U.S. Navy Action and Operational Reports from World War II, Pacific Theater
A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of U.S. Navy Action and Operational Reports from World War II, Pacific Theater Part 1. CINCPAC: Commander-in-Chief Pacific Area UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of World War II Research Collections U.S. Navy Action and Operational Reports from World War II Pacific Theater Part 1. CINCPAC: Commander-in-Chief Pacific Area Command Project Editor Robert Ë. Lester Guide compiled by Blair D. Hydrick A microfilm project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of CIS 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data U.S. Navy action and operational reports from World War II. Pacific Theater. (World War II research collections) Accompanied by printed reel guides compiled by Robert E. Lester. Includes indexes. Contents: pt. 1. CINCPAC (Commander-in-Chief Pacific Area Command) (16 reels) -- pt. 2. Third Fleet and Third Fleet Carrier Task Forces (16 reels) -- pt. 3. Fifth Fleet and Fifth Fleet Carrier Task Forces (12 reels). 1. United States-Navy-History-World War, 1939-1945- Sources. 2. World War, 1939-1945-Naval operations, American-Sources. 3. World War, 1939-1945-Campaigns- Pacific Ocean-Sources. 4. United States-Navy-Fleet, 3rd-History-Sources. 5. United States-Navy-Fleet, 5th~History--Sources. I. Lester, Robert. [Microfilm] 90/7009 (E) 940.54'5973 90-956103 ISBN 1-55655-190-8 (microfilm : pt. 1) CIP Copyright 1990 by University Publications of America. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-190-8. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction v Scope and Content Note vii Source and Editorial Note ix Reel Index Reel! 1 Reel 2 3 Reel 3 7 Reel 4 10 Reel 5 11 Reel6 16 Reel? 17 ReelS 19 Reel 9 21 Reel 10 22 Reel 11 25 Reel 12 .- 26 Reel 13 ; 28 Reel 14 34 Reel 15 35 Reel 16 37 Subject Index 43 INTRODUCTION Fleet Admiral Chester W. -
Sea Service Women Leaders Meet in D.C. by GUNNERY SGT
® Serving the Hampton Roads Navy Family Vol. 18, No. 23, Norfolk, VA FLAGSHIPNEWS.COM June 10, 2010 Sea service women leaders meet in D.C. BY GUNNERY SGT. A.C. MINK Special to the Flagship WASHINGTON — More than 1,000 Sailors, Marines and coast guardsmen gathered for the 23rd annual Sea Service Leadership Association Women’s Leadership Symposium in Washington, D.C., June 2 - 3. “The event was a great success,” said Navy Lt. Cmdr. Jean-Marie Sullivan, Deputy Director, Offi ce of Women’s Policy. Themed, “Leading from the Front and Into the Future,” the symposium offered motivating speakers from the U.S. sea ser- vices, as well as lively panels and civilian speakers for both enlisted and offi cer leaders. Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) Photo by Gunnery Sgt. A.C. Mink Adm. Gary Roughead delivered Retired Master Chief Anna Der-Vartanian discusses changes for women in the Navy with Chief Kim Lewis at the Sea Service Leadership remarks during the symposium, Association Women Leadership Symposium. Lewis, the Navy Career June 3. During his remarks he Counselor stationed at Camp David, met Der-Vartanian, who became the spoke about women serving on fi rst female master chief petty offi cer in the Navy November of 1959, at submarines and the impact on the the symposium social. submarine community. “I think that we have a great services. ya Kent, Executive Offi cer, Navy group of young offi cers that will “Today you are recognizing six Public Affairs Support Element move into our submarine force women, offi cer and enlisted, for Norfolk, received the Senior Offi - and change that force for the bet- their achievements, their contri- cer award. -
Frigate USS Clark
Frigate USS Clark 1 USS Clark Warship 04 ONE NAME, TWO SHIPS and two admirals THE FIRST USS CLARK It is very rare with navies from all nation- The then king Willem I decided that there alities to have had two ships with the same would always be a ship with the name Van This USS Clark (DD-361) was a Porter-class to Rear Admiral by president McKinley. The war with name that were not named after the same Speyk in the Dutch navy and this has been destroyer of the US Navy. Spain was not over yet. A second sea battle took person. It goes without saying that ships the case from that moment on. Sometimes place after 17.000 men landed on Cuba in June under with the same name cannot serve with the a Van Speijk is struck from the list and im- This ship was named after Rear Admiral Charles E. the command of General W.R.Shafter. They attacked same navy at the same time. That could mediately succeeded by a ship that allotted Clark. He was born in 1843 in Bradford and graduated the Spanish fleet from land. Within three hours the lead to a lot of confusion. Normally ships that name. More often an existing ship is from the Naval Academy in 1863. During the Civil Spanish fleet under the command of admiral Cervera are named after for instance naval heroes. rechristened. War he commanded the Ossipee during the battle of was completely destroyed. The Spanish suffered over After a number of years that ship is struck As indicated above two ships in the US Mobile Bay. -
The Quebec Steamship Co's Ss Cascapedia
CHAPTER 2 The Quebec Steamship Co’s s.s. Cascapedia (1910) served the Gulf of St Lawrence BEFORE CLARKE STEAMSHIP While erecting and operating a mill in an isolated region of Quebec was a far cry from publishing in the cities of Toronto, Chicago, New York and London, the younger brothers became experienced businessmen, always ready to contemplate a money-making opportunity. They and their father knew from the start that if the pulp mill was to flourish, it was essential to have reliable shipping service to bring in the people and supplies to build Clarke City and then to ensure its continuing existence. But some years were to pass before they would form their own steamship company. The thought - and the expense - of assembling a fleet of ships was a daunting one. Navigation on the St Lawrence presented endless difficulties. For several months each year, ice prevented access to the ports. The lighthouses and buoys on the St Lawrence were less extensive than conditions warranted. Channels and shoals were not always clearly marked. Although the first steamship had sailed the St Lawrence as long ago as 1809, the North Shore had been poorly served, partly because of its remote location and small population, partly because of natural hazards. Although this is really the story of the Clarke Steamship Co, the routes that the Clarke ships served had much history. Not only that, but some of its predecessors had also operated in southern waters, where Clarke would be active as well. The trials and risks of ice navigation in northern waters in the winter time meant that many northern ships engaged in southern employment when they could. -
HSNH30 001-XXX Mise En Page 1
Les classes “Smith” et “Paulding” Pas moins de huit ans se passent entre la commande des seize destroyers en 1898 et la suivante de 1906. Les raisons pour expliquer ce délai sont doubles: - Les premiers bâtiments de ce nouveau type sont, il faut bien le reconnaître, loin d’être réussis. À l’exception des “Truxton” qui donnent à peu près satisfaction, les autres ont du mal à atteindre les performances demandées dans le cahier des charges originel. - Le manque de retour d’expérience en conditions de conflit réel fait que les demandes de la Marine sont repoussées par le Congrès entre les années 1901 à 1904. La situation va se débloquer en 1904 sous l’impulsion de Theodore Roosevelt, devenu entre-temps Président des États-Unis et toujours très attaché au devenir de l’U.S. Navy. Un de ses contacts dans le service, le Commander Winslow, lui avait transmis un premier rapport assez alarmiste quand à l’état de la flotte des destroyers. Prenant cette étude très au sérieux, le Président Roosevelt convoque alors une commission sous l’égide du Rear Admiral Converse, pour définir quels seraient les besoins de l’U.S. Navy en matière de destroyers dans les années à venir. C’est dans un délai remarquablement court que la commission Converse délivre ses recommandations en janvier 1905, lesquelles for- meront les bases de la conception et utilisation des destroyers de l’U.S. Navy pour les années à venir. Smith Cette nouvelle tranche de cinq destroyers, qui forment la classe La classe “Smith”, est la dernière à posséder la chauffe au charbon, toutes les suivantes seront équipées de chaudières alimentées au fuel. -
The American Legion [Volume 131, No. 1 (July 1991)]
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