U.S. Navy Action and Operational Reports from World War II, Pacific Theater
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Roy Williamson
#214 ROY A. WILLIAMSON: USS PYRO Steven Haller (SH): My name is Steven Haller and we're at the Sheraton Waikiki Hotel in Honolulu, Hawaii. It's December 5, 1991, at about 3:30 PM. And I have the pleasure to be speaking with Mr. Roy A. Williamson today. We're doing this tape as a part of the USS ARIZONA Memorial and National Park Services' oral history program, in cooperation with KHET-TV, Honolulu. Mr. Williamson was on the ammunition ship, PYRO, at the time of the attack. He was twenty-five years of age and was a Carpenter's Mate, First Class. So I want to thank you very much for joining us and taking the time to share your memories. Let's see, how did you get in the Navy? Roy A. Williamson (RW): Back during the depression, whenever there was no -- there was jobs, but no money, and I saw a sign on the corner, says, "Come join the Navy and see the world," and I went in and, and they were only taking a couple of 'em a month from Oklahoma. And I went out and passed the examination, and they told me that if you don't get called within a month or within six months, then come back and take it over again to keep on the list. And yet I was called within six months, before the six months was up, and went into the service and spent four years in the Navy, and then got out and they told me that since the war was like it was, or would be coming up probably, that I was draft age and if I didn't ship over, they would draft me. -
H1 Toryjournal
TheWittenberg H1 toryJournal Wittenberg University • Springfield, Ohio Volume XXXII Spring2003 From the Editors: Greetings from the editors of the WittenbergUniversity History Journal. As you may notice, the format for this year's publication has changed from previous issues. We hope that this change is the first step in redefining the journal by making the physical publication even more professional. The within articles are, as always, excellent examples of what students here at Wittenberg are writing, and we hope that you wili enjoy reading them. A very special thanks is due to Tom and Tina Lagos, the Admission Office at Wittenberg and the Wittenberg History Club for their generous donations. Without their financial assistance, this publication would not have been possible. We would also like to thank all those involved in making this journal possible and congratulations to all the writers on creating such superior works. Mark Huber, Mandy Oleson and Dustin Plummer The Wittenberg University History Journal 2002-03 Editorial Staff '04, '03 Co-editors .......................... Mark Huber Mandy Oleson and Dustin Plummet '03 Editorial Staff ................. Erica Fornari '04, Greer Illingworth '05 Nicole Roberts '03 and Rebecca Roush '03 Advisor ......................................................... Dr. Jim Huffman The Hartje Papers The Martha and Robert G. Hartje Award is presented annually to a Senior in the spring semester. The History Department determines the five finalists who write a 600 to 800 word narrative essay dealing with a historical event or figure. The finalists must have at least a 2.7 grade point average and have completed at least six history courses. The winner is awarded $500 at a spring semester History Department colloquium and the winning paper is included in the HistoryJournal. -
Guide to the Doolittle Tokyo Raider Association Papers (1947
Guide to the Doolittle Tokyo Raider Association Papers (1947 - ) 26 linear feet Accession Number: 54-06 Collection Number: H54-06 Collection Dates: 1931 - Bulk Dates: 1942 - 2005 Prepared by Thomas J. Allen CITATION: The Doolittle Tokyo Raiders Association Papers, Box number, Folder number, History of Aviation Collection, Special Collections Department, McDermott Library, The University of Texas at Dallas. Special Collections Department McDermott Library, The University of Texas at Dallas Contents Historical Sketch ................................................................................................................. 3 Sources ................................................................................................................................ 3 Additional Sources .............................................................................................................. 3 Series Description ............................................................................................................... 4 Scope and Content Note...................................................................................................... 5 Collection Note ................................................................................................................... 8 Provenance Statement ......................................................................................................... 8 Literary Rights Statement ................................................................................................... 8 2 -
Reflections on Pearl Harbor Anniversaries Past Roger Dingman University of Southern California
Reflections on Pearl Harbor Anniversaries Past Roger Dingman University of Southern California By any measure, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was one of the decisive events of the twentieth century. For Americans, it was the greatest military disaster in memory-one which set them on the road to becoming the world's greatest military power. For Japanese, the attack was a momentary triumph that marked the beginning of their nation's painful and protracted transition from empire to economic colossus. Thus it is entirely appropriate, more than fifty years after the Pearl Harbor attack, to pause and consider the meaning of that event. One useful way of doing so is to look back on Pearl Harbor anniversaries past. For in public life, no less than in private, anniversaries can tell us where we are; prompt reflections on where we have been; and make us think about where we may be going. Indeed, because they are occa- sions that demand decisions by government officials and media man- agers and prompt responses by ordinary citizens about the relationship between past and present, anniversaries provide valuable insights into the forces that have shaped Japanese-American relations since 1941. On the first Pearl Harbor anniversary in December 1942, Japanese and Americans looked back on the attack in very different ways. In Tokyo, Professor Kamikawa Hikomatsu, one of Japan's most distin- guished historians of international affairs, published a newspaper ar- ticle that defended the attack as a legally and morally justifiable act of self-defense. Surrounded by enemies that exerted unrelenting mili- tary and economic pressure on it, and confronted by an America that refused accommodation through negotiation, Japan had had no choice but to strike.' On Guadalcanal, where they were locked in their first protracted battle against Japanese troops, Americans mounted a "hate shoot" against them to memorialize those who had died at Pearl Har- bor a year earlier.2 In Honolulu, the Advertiser editorial writer urged The ]journal of American-East Asian Relations, Vol. -
British Responses to the Holocaust
Centre for Holocaust Education British responses to the Insert graphic here use this to Holocaust scale /size your chosen image. Delete after using. Resources RESOURCES 1: A3 COLOUR CARDS, SINGLE-SIDED SOURCE A: March 1939 © The Wiener Library Wiener The © AT FIRST SIGHT… Take a couple of minutes to look at the photograph. What can you see? You might want to think about: 1. Where was the photograph taken? Which country? 2. Who are the people in the photograph? What is their relationship to each other? 3. What is happening in the photograph? Try to back-up your ideas with some evidence from the photograph. Think about how you might answer ‘how can you tell?’ every time you make a statement from the image. SOURCE B: September 1939 ‘We and France are today, in fulfilment of our obligations, going to the aid of Poland, who is so bravely resisting this wicked and unprovoked attack on her people.’ © BBC Archives BBC © AT FIRST SIGHT… Take a couple of minutes to look at the photograph and the extract from the document. What can you see? You might want to think about: 1. The person speaking is British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain. What is he saying, and why is he saying it at this time? 2. Does this support the belief that Britain declared war on Germany to save Jews from the Holocaust, or does it suggest other war aims? Try to back-up your ideas with some evidence from the photograph. Think about how you might answer ‘how can you tell?’ every time you make a statement from the sources. -
The Colours of the Fleet
THE COLOURS OF THE FLEET TCOF BRITISH & BRITISH DERIVED ENSIGNS ~ THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE WORLDWIDE LIST OF ALL FLAGS AND ENSIGNS, PAST AND PRESENT, WHICH BEAR THE UNION FLAG IN THE CANTON “Build up the highway clear it of stones lift up an ensign over the peoples” Isaiah 62 vv 10 Created and compiled by Malcolm Farrow OBE President of the Flag Institute Edited and updated by David Prothero 15 January 2015 © 1 CONTENTS Chapter 1 Page 3 Introduction Page 5 Definition of an Ensign Page 6 The Development of Modern Ensigns Page 10 Union Flags, Flagstaffs and Crowns Page 13 A Brief Summary Page 13 Reference Sources Page 14 Chronology Page 17 Numerical Summary of Ensigns Chapter 2 British Ensigns and Related Flags in Current Use Page 18 White Ensigns Page 25 Blue Ensigns Page 37 Red Ensigns Page 42 Sky Blue Ensigns Page 43 Ensigns of Other Colours Page 45 Old Flags in Current Use Chapter 3 Special Ensigns of Yacht Clubs and Sailing Associations Page 48 Introduction Page 50 Current Page 62 Obsolete Chapter 4 Obsolete Ensigns and Related Flags Page 68 British Isles Page 81 Commonwealth and Empire Page 112 Unidentified Flags Page 112 Hypothetical Flags Chapter 5 Exclusions. Page 114 Flags similar to Ensigns and Unofficial Ensigns Chapter 6 Proclamations Page 121 A Proclamation Amending Proclamation dated 1st January 1801 declaring what Ensign or Colours shall be borne at sea by Merchant Ships. Page 122 Proclamation dated January 1, 1801 declaring what ensign or colours shall be borne at sea by merchant ships. 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction The Colours of The Fleet 2013 attempts to fill a gap in the constitutional and historic records of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth by seeking to list all British and British derived ensigns which have ever existed. -
A Historical Assessment of Amphibious Operations from 1941 to the Present
CRM D0006297.A2/ Final July 2002 Charting the Pathway to OMFTS: A Historical Assessment of Amphibious Operations From 1941 to the Present Carter A. Malkasian 4825 Mark Center Drive • Alexandria, Virginia 22311-1850 Approved for distribution: July 2002 c.. Expedit'onaryyystems & Support Team Integrated Systems and Operations Division This document represents the best opinion of CNA at the time of issue. It does not necessarily represent the opinion of the Department of the Navy. Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. Specific authority: N0014-00-D-0700. For copies of this document call: CNA Document Control and Distribution Section at 703-824-2123. Copyright 0 2002 The CNA Corporation Contents Summary . 1 Introduction . 5 Methodology . 6 The U.S. Marine Corps’ new concept for forcible entry . 9 What is the purpose of amphibious warfare? . 15 Amphibious warfare and the strategic level of war . 15 Amphibious warfare and the operational level of war . 17 Historical changes in amphibious warfare . 19 Amphibious warfare in World War II . 19 The strategic environment . 19 Operational doctrine development and refinement . 21 World War II assault and area denial tactics. 26 Amphibious warfare during the Cold War . 28 Changes to the strategic context . 29 New operational approaches to amphibious warfare . 33 Cold war assault and area denial tactics . 35 Amphibious warfare, 1983–2002 . 42 Changes in the strategic, operational, and tactical context of warfare. 42 Post-cold war amphibious tactics . 44 Conclusion . 46 Key factors in the success of OMFTS. 49 Operational pause . 49 The causes of operational pause . 49 i Overcoming enemy resistance and the supply buildup. -
Quarterly Reporter - April 2011 South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Sport Diver Newsletters Maritime Research Division 4-2011 Quarterly Reporter - April 2011 South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/mrd_sdnl Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation University of South Carolina, "Maritime Research Division, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology - Quarterly Reporter, Volume 2/Issue 1, April 2011". http://scholarcommons.sc.edu/mrd_sdnl/5/ This Newsletter is brought to you by the Maritime Research Division at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sport Diver Newsletters by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. April 2011 Volume 2, Issue 1 Quarterly Reporter Things You Need “Helping to preserve and protect South Carolina’s maritime heritage through research, education, and public outreach.” to Know: • 2011 Quarter 1 NEW! E-Artifact Report Submission System Reports Due April 10, 2011 By SDAMP We are very excited to Hobby License number. when it starts out. If • NEW E-Form announce that the new Once logged in you will you encounter any Available Online and improved artifact need to change your trouble, please contact online submission form password to a secure us and let us know. • Allendale Project will be available April one of your choice. Additionally, there are Sign-Up 11, 2011, to accept Once you have some aspects of the submissions of your completed this, you will system that are still • Artifact Identification artifact reports! Yes, be able to submit your under construction, so Workshop June we will allow you 1 day reports. -
Japan's Pacific Campaign
2 Japan’s Pacific Campaign MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES EMPIRE BUILDING Japan World War II established the • Isoroku •Douglas attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii United States as a leading player Yamamoto MacArthur and brought the United States in international affairs. •Pearl Harbor • Battle of into World War II. • Battle of Guadalcanal Midway SETTING THE STAGE Like Hitler, Japan’s military leaders also had dreams of empire. Japan’s expansion had begun in 1931. That year, Japanese troops took over Manchuria in northeastern China. Six years later, Japanese armies swept into the heartland of China. They expected quick victory. Chinese resistance, however, caused the war to drag on. This placed a strain on Japan’s economy. To increase their resources, Japanese leaders looked toward the rich European colonies of Southeast Asia. Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor TAKING NOTES Recognizing Effects By October 1940, Americans had cracked one of the codes that the Japanese Use a chart to identify used in sending secret messages. Therefore, they were well aware of Japanese the effects of four major plans for Southeast Asia. If Japan conquered European colonies there, it could events of the war in the also threaten the American-controlled Philippine Islands and Guam. To stop the Pacific between 1941 and 1943. Japanese advance, the U.S. government sent aid to strengthen Chinese resistance. And when the Japanese overran French Indochina—Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos—in July 1941, Roosevelt cut off oil shipments to Japan. Event Effect Despite an oil shortage, the Japanese continued their conquests. They hoped to catch the European colonial powers and the United States by surprise. -
The Battle of Midway
OVERVIEW ESSAY: The Battle of Midway (Naval History and Heritage Command, NH 73065.) One of Japan’s main goals during World War II was to THE BATTLE remove the United States as a Pacific power in order Early on the morning of June 4, aircraft from four to gain territory in east Asia and the southwest Pacific Japanese aircraft carriers attacked and severely islands. Japan hoped to defeat the US Pacific Fleet and damaged the US base on Midway. Unbeknownst to the use Midway as a base to attack Pearl Harbor, securing Japanese, the US carrier forces were just to the east of dominance in the region and then forcing a negotiated the island and ready for battle. After their initial attacks, peace. the Japanese aircraft headed back to their carriers to BREAKING THE CODE rearm and refuel. While the aircraft were returning, the Japanese navy became aware of the presence of US The United States was aware that the Japanese naval forces in the area. were planning an attack in the Pacific (on a TBD Devastator torpedo-bombers and SBD Dauntless location the Japanese code-named “AF”) because dive-bombers from the USS Enterprise, USS Hornet, Navy cryptanalysts had begun breaking Japanese and USS Yorktown attacked the Japanese fleet. The communication codes in early 1942. The attack location Japanese carriers Akagi, Kaga, and Soryu were hit, and time were confirmed when the American base at set ablaze, and abandoned. Hiryu, the only surviving Midway sent out a false message that it was short of Japanese carrier, responded with two waves of fresh water. -
Shipping Act 1998 As Amended
SOLOMON ISLANDS SHIPPING ACT 1998 NO. 5 OF 1998 AN ACT TO CONSOLIDATE AND AMEND THE LAW RELATING TO SHIPPING AND SEAMAN AND TO CONTROL THE REGISTRATION, SAFETY AND MANNING OF SHIPS, AND TO GIVE EFFECT TO CERTAIN INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CONVENTIONS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES CONNECTED THEREWITH. ENACTED BY THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENT OF SOLOMON ISLANDS. SHIPPING ACT 1998 Table of provisions SHIPPING ACT 1998 As in force at [date] PART I Preliminary 1 Short title and commencement (1) This Act may be cited as the Shipping Act 1998 . (2) This Act shall come into force on a date to be appointed by the Minister by notice published in the Gazette, provided that different Parts of this Act may come into force on different dates. 2 Interpretation In this Act unless the context otherwise requires: "Administration" means the ministry for the time being charged with responsibility for shipping; "aid" means a marine aid to navigation; "air-cushioned vehicle" means a vehicle designed to be supported when in motion wholly or partly by air expelled from vehicle and forming a cushion of air, the boundaries of which include the water and other surface below the vehicle; “approved surveyor” means a surveyor appointed under section 55; “authorised officer” means an authorised officer within the meaning of the Solomon Islands Maritime Authority Act 2018 "casualty" in relation to a vessel, means: (a) loss, or presumed or loss, stranding, grounding, foundering or abandonment of, or damage to, the vessel or a boat belonging to the vessel; (b) damage caused by a vessel -
Iata City Names - Encode
IATA CITY NAMES - ENCODE City name State Country Code City name State Country Code City name State Country Code City name State Country Code City name State Country Code City name State Country Code Alpha QL AU ABH Aribinda BF XAR Bakelalan MY BKM Beersheba IL BEV Block Island RI US BID Aalborg DK AAL Alpine TX US ALE Arica CL ARI Baker City OR US BKE Befandriana MG WBD Bloemfontein ZA BFN Aalesund NO AES Alroy Downs NT AU AYD Aripuana MT BR AIR Baker Lake NU CA YBK Beica ET BEI Blonduos IS BLO Aarhus DK AAR Alta NO ALF Arkalyk KZ AYK Bakersfield CA US BFL Beida LY LAQ Bloodvein MB CA YDV Aasiaat GL JEG Alta Floresta MT BR AFL Arkhangelsk RU ARH Bakkafjordur IS BJD Beihai CN BHY Bloomfield Ri QL AU BFC Aba/Hongyuan CN AHJ Altai MN LTI Arlit NE RLT Bakouma CF BMF Beihan YE BHN Bloomington IN US BMG Abadan IR ABD Altamira PA BR ATM Arly BF ARL Baku AZ BAK Beijing CN BJS Bloomington-NIL US BMI Abaiang KI ABF Altay CN AAT Armenia CO AXM Balakovo RU BWO Beira MZ BEW Blubber Bay BC CA XBB Abakan XU ABA Altenburg DE AOC Armidale NS AU ARM Balalae SB BAS Beirut LB BEY Blue Bell PA US BBX Abbotsford BC CA YXX Altenrhein CH ACH Arno MH AMR Balgo Hill WA AU BQW Bejaia DZ BJA Bluefield WV US BLF Abbottabad PK AAW Alto Rio Seng CB AR ARR Aroa PG AOA Bali CM BLC Bekily MG OVA Bluefields NI BEF Abbs YE EAB Alton IL US ALN Arona SB RNA Bali PG BAJ Belaga MY BLG Blumenau SC BR BNU Abeche TD AEH Altoona PA US AOO Arorae KI AIS Balikesir TR BZI Belem PA BR BEL Blythe CA US BLH Abemama KI AEA Altus OK US LTS Arrabury QL AU AAB Balikpapan ID BPN Belfast GB