Nortraship Om NSF Tryggve Gran Robert Scotts Nordmann
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1705802 Project ID
THE WORLD BANK GROUP ARCHIVES PUBLIC DISCLOSURE AUTHORIZED Folder Title: General Development Project - Norway - Loan 0115 - P037467 - Negotiations - Volume 2 Folder ID: 1705802 Project ID: P037467 Dates: 3/31/1955 – 4/19/1955 Fonds: Records of the Europe and Central Asia Regional Vice Presidency ISAD Reference Code: WB IBRD/IDA ECA Digitized: 7/19/2018 To cite materials from this archival folder, please follow the following format: [Descriptive name of item], [Folder Title], Folder ID [Folder ID], World Bank Group Archives, Washington, D.C., United States. The records in this folder were created or received by The World Bank in the course of its business. The records that were created by the staff of The World Bank are subject to the Bank’s copyright. Please refer to http://www.worldbank.org/terms-of-use-earchives for full copyright terms of use and disclaimers. THE WORLD BANK Washington, D.C. © International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / International Development Association or The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org II -NQRWA.Y - Negotiations (l.l.~NO)- ~~ 1H1 11111111111111rm1rn mrn1111r ~~· 1705802 General Development Pr . Al 995-063 Other #· 4 DECLASSIFIED Negotiations - Volum e 2 o1ect- Norway- Loan 011.5 - P037467Box# _ 1709718 WITH RESTRICTIONS WBG Archives • s t • .. C 0 • p y April 15, 1955 Dear Mro Perouse: I refer to our discussion this afternoon about para graph 31 of the President's Report and RecOlllll.endations on the proposed loan of $25 million to the Kingdom of Norway. As I mentioned then, Mr. -
Bridging the Atlantic a Norwegian Contribution to US Sealift
C O N C E P T P A P E R S E R I E S /2 0 1 9 Bridging the Atlantic A Norwegian Contribution to US Sealift Åse Gilje Østensen and Ståle Ulriksen There is currently considerable concern with US capacity to muster the acquired number of sealift vessels needed to swiftly deploy forces overseas. Norway for its part has a large, modern, and versatile merchant fleet that could be militarily useful in case of NATO operations to reinforce Europe. This brief suggest a bilateral agreement be signed between Norway and the US that obliges Norway to muster a significant number of Norwegian-controlled ships to support transatlantic US sealift operations. Norway, along with most other European NATO member states, relies on US reinforcements for its national security. These reinforcements arrive by sea. Therefore, an agreement such as the one suggested in this brief serves the security interests of the US, Norway, and the rest of the European NATO states. REVITALIZING TRANSATLANTIC MARITIME SECURITY The research project “Revitalizing Transatlantic Maritime Security: Filling Capability Gaps with the Norwegian Commercial Shipping Sector” intends to bring forward creative ideas on how to fill logistical gaps by leveraging private -public partnerships with merchant fleet operators. The project is a collaboration between Center for New American Security, Norwegian Institiute of International Affairs and the Royal Norwegian Naval Academy. The project is funded by a research grant provided by the Norwegian Ministry of Defence. Norwegian Defence University College Royal Norwegian Naval Academy Concept Paper Series 2 1/2019 The United States has long had a unique capability contribute to the military muscle of NATO that do to project power around the world by rapidly not cripple the country’s military presence in the deploying military forces. -
DE NORSKE KRIGSANSTRENGELSER En Fornyet Undersøkelse Av Ralph Hewins
Stiftelsen norsk Okkupasjonshistorie, 2014 OG NR. 23·24·25 - 18. ÅRGANG JUI.. EN 1969 LØSSALG KR. 3,- «APRILDAGENE»: DE NORSKE KRIGSANSTRENGELSER En fornyet undersøkelse av Ralph Hewins Il. VAR REpJERINGEN I FUNKSJON? Sammenfiltret med kon-' nasjonen kan ikke sies å dagstider . De tyske hær- og troversen om mobilisering være «i krig» i den vanlige l marinesjefer, Engelbrecht er et annet separat spørs- mening av uttrykket. Et va- og Kunmetz, ble løslatt av mål - hvorvidt Norge på cuum (tomrom) oppstår og nordmennene som hadde noen måte var «i krig», slik Ihvis inntrengeren lykkes i å tatt dem tilfange, og luft NS-medlemmer domfelt for okkupere storparten av lan- attache Spillers styrke fikk «landssvik» er forutsatt å ha det effektivt, går suvereni- frivillig lov å vende tilbake visst og som J. C. Hauge ny- teten over til ham og Haa- til Oslo uskadd efter Midt lig erklærte i retten. gerkonvensjonen trer auto- skogenaksjonen natten mel- «Er ikke et invadert land matisk ikraft med forrang 10m 9. og 10. april. Bortsett automatisk i krig» skrek An- foran den nasjonale lov i fra isolerte handlinger av næus Schjødt, aktor i Quis- meget vid utstrekning efter- spontan tapperhet var mot ling-saken, retorisk til meg som det passer ham. standen like ynkelig som efter en .middag i British, På alle fem punkter anty- før krigspolitikken med «det Embassy I 1964. r der jeg at Norge hadde brukne gevær». Dette er en side ved «retts- mangler og ufullkommen- De tre andre punkter tren oppgjøret» som ikke har heter i «aprildagene». ger nærmere undersøkelse. blitt undersø~t grundig n<;>k. -
The Diaries of Tryggve Gran
PRESS RELEASE | LONDON FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE | 12 NOVEMBER 2 0 1 8 THE DIAR IES OF TRYGGVE GRAN A SUPREMELY IMPORTANT PIECE OF POLAR HISTORY INCLUDING A FIRST-HAND ACCOUNT OF THE TRAGIC DISCOVERY OF SCOTT’S TENT December – On 12 December, as part of Classic Week, Christie’s auction of Books and Manuscripts will offer two extraordinary sledging journals of the Norwegian polar explorer Tryggve Gran, who accompanied Robert Falcon Scott on the Terra Nova Expedition of 1910 - 1913. The journals have passed by direct descent from Tryggve Gran; their appearance at auction represents a remarkable opportunity to acquire an authentic piece of Polar history, offering an insight into the trials and tribulations of the British Antarctic Expedition here. Featuring two separate journals, one in English and one in Norwegian (estimate: £120,000 - £180,000, illustrated above), these accounts offer additional material, covering his astonishingly prescient dream on the night of 14 December 1911 of Amundsen’s triumph, as well as the search for Scott’s polar party and tragic discovery of the tent. The young Norwegian Tryggve Gran was recruited by Scott as a skiing expert for the Terra Nova Expedition on the recommendation of the explorer and humanitarian Fridtjof Nansen. He would go on to play a valuable role in the second geological expedition (November 1911-February 1912), which collected data in the Granite Harbour region. A particularly emotional entry in his diary takes place on 12 November 1912, when Gran discovered the tent with the frozen bodies of Scott, Wilson and Bowers: ‘It has happened – we have found what we sought – horrible, ugly fate – Only 11 miles from One Ton Depot – The Owner, Wilson & Birdie. -
Econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Bjerkholt, Olav Working Paper Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973) Memorandum, No. 08/2018 Provided in Cooperation with: Department of Economics, University of Oslo Suggested Citation: Bjerkholt, Olav (2018) : Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973), Memorandum, No. 08/2018, University of Oslo, Department of Economics, Oslo This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/202629 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu MEMORANDUM No 08/2018 December 2018 Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973) Olav Bjerkholt ISSN: 0809-8786 Department of Economics University of Oslo This series is published by the In co-operation with University of Oslo The Frisch Centre for Economic Department of Economics Research P. -
The Norwegian Merchant Fleet
c cial S ien o ce s S Lysgard and Tenden, Arts Social Sci J 2019, 10:3 d J n o a u r s n t a r l A Arts and Social Sciences Journal ISSN: 2151-6200 Review Article Open Access The Norwegian Merchant Fleet - The Small State’s Multi Tool for Future Crisis Asbjorn Lysgard* and Ole Christian Tenden Department of Military Strategy and Operations, Norwegian Defence Staff and Command College, Norwegian Defence University College, Norway Abstract In a complex world with humanitarian crises, natural disasters, migration, terrorism, and piracy, Norway has an obligation to protect and assist both its own citizens and international partners all over the globe within its limited means. Norway’s merchant fleet forward presence, the unique legal framework between the Norwegian Government and the Norwegian Ship owners Association, and the international networks of maritime clusters can enable rapid logistical support for an expeditionary force in a hasty crisis response or limited contingency operation. Discussion: The Kingdom of Norway has long-held seafarer traditions and has managed one of the world’s most substantial commercial fleets for centuries. In the world wars, Norway had the world’s third biggest commercial fleet. When invaded by Germany, the Norwegian Government requisitioned all Norwegian ships and established the Norwegian Shipping and Trade Mission. The world wars led to a close cooperation between the Norwegian Government and the Norwegian Ship owners, which continues today. The merchant ships play a significant role in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s Article V logistical plans or support of the “Out of Area” concept. -
Temaplan Kulturminner Kristiansund 2021-2027
TEMAPLAN KULTURMINNER KRISTIANSUND 2021-2027 Fotokilder: Mellemværftet – Vardetårnet – Hauggata (Petter Ingeberg) / Kvalvik Fort (Kvalvik Forts Venner) Temaplan – Kulturminner Kristiansund 2021-2027 (Kulturenheten, TMY, 13.04.21) TEMAPLAN – KULTURMINNER KRISTIANSUND 2021 – 2027 ............................................................... 5 Verdisetting og verdivekting. ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Representativitet og sjeldenhet. ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Opplevelsesverdier. ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Bruksverdier, fysisk tilstand og vedlikehold. .......................................................................................................................... 6 Økonomi og bruksverdi. ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Føringer. ................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 Nasjonalt. ............................................................................................................................................................................. -
Who Needs Norwegians?" Explaining the Oslo Back Channel: Norway’S Political Past in the Middle East
Evaluation Report 9/2000 Hilde Henriksen Waage "Norwegians? Who needs Norwegians?" Explaining the Oslo Back Channel: Norway’s Political Past in the Middle East A report prepared by PRIO International Peace Research Institute, Oslo Institutt for fredsforskning Responsibility for the contents and presentation of findings and recommendations rests with the author. The views and opinions expressed in the report do not necessarily correspond with the views of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Preface In September 1998, I was commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to carry out a preliminary study looking into Norway’s role in the Middle East. According to the agreement with the Ministry, the study should focus on the years prior to 1993 and examine whether Norway’s political past in the Middle East – and, not least, the mediating and confidence-building efforts of Norwegians prior to the opening of the secret Oslo Back Channel – had had any influence on the process that followed. The study should also try to answer the question ‘Why Norway?’ – that is, what had made Norway, of all countries, suitable for such an extraordinary task? The work on the study started on 15 September 1998. The date of submission was stipulated as 15 April 2000. This was achieved. The following report is based on recently declassified and partly still classified documents (to which I was granted access) at the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the verbatim records of the Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Committee, records of government proceedings and the Norwegian Parliament, Labour Party Archives, documents from the US State Department and the Socialist International – to mention the most important. -
A NTARCTIC Southpole-Sium
N ORWAY A N D THE A N TARCTIC SouthPole-sium v.3 Oslo, Norway • 12-14 May 2017 Compiled and produced by Robert B. Stephenson. E & TP-32 2 Norway and the Antarctic 3 This edition of 100 copies was issued by The Erebus & Terror Press, Jaffrey, New Hampshire, for those attending the SouthPole-sium v.3 Oslo, Norway 12-14 May 2017. Printed at Savron Graphics Jaffrey, New Hampshire May 2017 ❦ 4 Norway and the Antarctic A Timeline to 2006 • Late 18th Vessels from several nations explore around the unknown century continent in the south, and seal hunting began on the islands around the Antarctic. • 1820 Probably the first sighting of land in Antarctica. The British Williams exploration party led by Captain William Smith discovered the northwest coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The Russian Vostok and Mirnyy expedition led by Thaddeus Thadevich Bellingshausen sighted parts of the continental coast (Dronning Maud Land) without recognizing what they had seen. They discovered Peter I Island in January of 1821. • 1841 James Clark Ross sailed with the Erebus and the Terror through the ice in the Ross Sea, and mapped 900 kilometres of the coast. He discovered Ross Island and Mount Erebus. • 1892-93 Financed by Chr. Christensen from Sandefjord, C. A. Larsen sailed the Jason in search of new whaling grounds. The first fossils in Antarctica were discovered on Seymour Island, and the eastern part of the Antarctic Peninsula was explored to 68° 10’ S. Large stocks of whale were reported in the Antarctic and near South Georgia, and this discovery paved the way for the large-scale whaling industry and activity in the south. -
Captain Scott's Compass and Shackleton's Sledging
PRESS RELEASE | South Kensington | 13 S e p t e m b e r 2012 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CAPTAIN S COTT’S COMPASS AND SHACKLETON’S SLEDGING HARNESS INCLUDED IN CHRISTIE’S TRAVEL, SCIENCE AND NATURAL HISTORY SALE Dedicated Polar Sale section commemorates the centenary of Scott’s Terra Nova expedition Herbert George Ponting (1870-1935), Crew of the Terra Nova Captain Robert Falcon Scott, circa 1904-5 Estimate: £1,000-1,500 [lot 123] Estimate: £600-800 [lot 138] South Kensington, London: Christie’s is pleased to announce the forthcoming sale of a selection of art, literature, photographs and artifacts which offer poignant memorials of the lives and endeavours of the celebrated Polar explorer, Captain Robert Falcon Scott, and his contemporaries from the Heroic Age of Antarctic exploration. Offered for sale on Tuesday, 9 October 2012, the dedicated Polar section (lots 76-163) of Christie's Travel, Science and Natural History auction to be held in South Kensington is set to commemorate the centenary of Scott’s Terra Nova expedition. The auction will feature historical items relating to the Discovery (1901-1904), Nimrod (1907-1909), Terra Nova (1910-1913), and Endurance (1914-1916) expeditions. Carried by Captain Scott on his sledging journeys, the marching compass used to navigate on both Discovery and Terra Nova expeditions is expected to fetch between £15,000 and £20,000 [lot 91] illustrated right. Inscribed with ink on the cover of the leather case “Capt. ‘Discovery’ 1902”, the item was one of many, returned to Scott’s widow following his final and fatal journey to the South Pole on the Terra Nova expedition. -
Historical Basis of Binomials Assigned to Helminths Collected on Scott's Last Antarctic Expedition
J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 61(1), 1994, pp. 1-11 Historical Basis of Binomials Assigned to Helminths Collected on Scott's Last Antarctic Expedition WILLIAM C. CAMPBELL' AND ROBIN M. OvERSTREET2 1 The Charles A. Dana Research Institute for Scientists Emeriti, Drew University, Madison, New Jersey 07940 and 2 Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564 ABSTRACT: Scientific investigations were a feature of Captain R. F. Scott's ill-fated expedition to the South Pole in 1910-1912. Among them was a study of parasitic worms in the coastal wildlife of Antarctica. It was the special project of Surgeon Edward L. Atkinson, whose scientific contributions, like his passion for high adventure, have largely been forgotten. The new parasitic species that he discovered were given names that were intended to honor the Expedition and many of its members. However, it was not then usual for new species descriptions to include an explanation of the proposed new binomials, and the significance of these particular names is not obvious to modern readers. This article examines the historical connection between the names of Atkinson's worms and the individuals and exploits commemorated by those names. KEY WORDS: Antarctica, helminths, history, marine parasites. One way or another, parasites and parasitol- which are extant and have been described ogists have been a feature of several Arctic and (Campbell, 1991). Parasites were examined mi- Antarctic expeditions, and the association be- croscopically, but apparently cursorily, in Ant- tween poles and parasites is particularly strong arctica and were preserved for later study. in the case of Captain Scott's famous and fatal Description of the parasites was subsequently Terra Nova Expedition to the South Pole. -
No 08/2018 December 2018 Olav Bjerkholt
MEMORANDUM No 08/2018 December 2018 Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973) Olav Bjerkholt ISSN: 0809-8786 Department of Economics University of Oslo This series is published by the In co-operation with University of Oslo The Frisch Centre for Economic Department of Economics Research P. O.Box 1095 Blindern Gaustadalleén 21 N-0317 OSLO Norway N-0371 OSLO Norway Telephone: + 47 22855127 Telephone: +47 22 95 88 20 Fax: + 47 22855035 Fax: +47 22 95 88 25 Internet: http://www.sv.uio.no/econ Internet: http://www.frisch.uio.no e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Last 10 Memoranda Geir B. Asheim, Stéphane Zuber No 07/2018 Rank-discounting as a resolution to a dilemma in population ethics Finn R. Førsund, Almas Heshmati, Ke Wang Dynamic Industry Productivity Measures: The case of thermal electricity No 06/2018 generation by South Korean plants 2001-2008 and in Chinese regions 2000-2014 Ragnar Nymoen, Kari Pedersen, Jon Ivar Sjåberg No 05/2018 Estimation of effects of recent macroprudential policies in a sample of advanced open economies Jo Thori Lind, Karine Nyborg and Anna Pauls No 04/2018 Save the planet or close your eyes? Testing strategic ignorance in a charity context Diderik Lund No 03/2018 Increasing resource rent taxation when the corporate income tax is reduced? Derek J. Clark and Tore Nilssen No 02/2018 Beating the Matthew Effect: Head Starts and Catching Up in a Dynamic All-Pay Auction* Anders Akerman, Edwin Leuven and Magne Mogstad No 01/2018 Information Frictions, Internet and the Relationship between Distance and Trade* Erik Biørn No 13/2017 Identification, Instruments, Omitted Variables and Rudimentary Models: Fallacies in the “Experimental Approach” to Econometrics Tapas Kundu and Tore Nilssen No 12/2017 Delegation of Regulation* Pedro Brinca, Miguel H.