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Jurnal Identifikasi Bivalva Di Perairan Pantai Trikora Desa Teluk Bakau Kecamatan Gunung Kijang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Oleh

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Jurnal Identifikasi Bivalva Di Perairan Pantai Trikora Desa Teluk Bakau Kecamatan Gunung Kijang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Oleh JURNAL IDENTIFIKASI BIVALVA DI PERAIRAN PANTAI TRIKORA DESA TELUK BAKAU KECAMATAN GUNUNG KIJANG PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU OLEH ROFIAN ISMAN FAKULTAS PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN UNIVERSITAS RIAU PEKANBARU 2020 Identifikasi Bivalva di Perairan Pantai Trikora, Desa Teluk Bakau Kecamatan Gunung Kijang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau Oleh Rofian Isman1); Eddiwan2); Deni Efizon2) Fakultas Perikanan Dan Kelautan Universitas Riau [email protected] Abstrak Pantai trikora adalah pantai karang yang di Desa Teluk Bakau. Pantai tersebut banyak ditemukan spesies bivalva. namun pada saat ini belum didapatkan informasi tentang jenis-jenis bivalva di area tersebut. Penelitian ini akan telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2019. pengambilan sampel bivalva dilakukan pada saat air laut surut sebanyak tiga kali di setiap sampling area dengan interval waktu antar pengambilan sampel selama satu minggu. Sampel bivalva diambil dengan cara mengambil semua bivalva yang ada di substrat dasar, akar dan batang lamun dengan cara memungut dengan menggunakan tangan (hand collector). Sedangkan untuk bivalva yang hidup membenamkan diri di dalam substrat diambil dengan menggunakan sekop kecil. Sampel bivalva kemudian diidentifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bivalva yang didapatkan terdiri dari 4 Ordo, 6 Famili Dan 10 Spesies. Kondisi kualitas perairan di Perairan Pantai Trikora menunjukkan bahwa suhu 30.1oC, kecerahan 538 cm, pH 8, oksigen terlarut 6.87 mg/L dan salinitas 32.1mg/L. Kata Kunci : Pantai trikora, sampel bivalva, sampling Area 1) Mahasiswa Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas Riau 2) Dosen Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan, Universitas Riau Identification Of Bivalves In Trikora Beach Waters, Teluk Bakau Village, Gunung Kijang District, Riau Islands Province Rofian Isman1); Eddiwan2); Deni Efizon2) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau [email protected] Abstract Trikora beach is a coral beach in the village of Teluk Bakau. The beach is often found bivalva species. however at this time information has not been obtained about the types of bivalves in the area. This research will have been carried out in March 2019. Bivalve sampling is carried out at low tide three times in each sampling area with a time interval between sampling for one week. Samples of bivalves are taken by taking all the bivalves in the substrate base, roots and stems of seagrass by picking up by hand (hand collector). As for living bivalves, immersing themselves in the substrate is taken using a small shovel. Bivalve samples were then identified. The results showed that the bivalves obtained consisted of 4 Orders, 6 Families and 10 Species. The condition of water quality in Trikora Coast waters shows that the temperature is 30.1oC, brightness 538 cm, pH 8, dissolved oxygen 6.87 mg / L and salinity 32.1 mg / L. Keywords: Pantai Trikora, sampel bivalva, sampling area 1) Student of the Fisheries and Marine Faculty, Universitas Riau 2) Lecturer of the Fisheries and Marine Faculty, Universitas Riau 1 PENDAHULUAN Untuk mengetahui lebih jauh tentang hewan bivalva tersebut perlu Pantai Trikora adalah pantai dipelajari tentang aspek biologinya karang yang subur dan memiliki sumberdaya hayati yang beranekaragam serta menjadi salah seperti morfometrik, meristik, pola satu pantai yang banyak dikunjungi pertumbuhan, reproduksi, kebiasaan wisatawan lokal maupun wisatawan makan, pencernaan, dan lain-lain. dari berbagai mancanegara. Pantai Tapi pengetahuan yang paling tersebut berada di pulau bintan dan mendasar untuk mengkaji aspek meliputi beberapa desa seperti desa biologi itu, pertama kali harus malang rapat, teluk bakau, berakit diketahui identifikasi dari bivalva dan lain-lain. Di pantai tersebut tersebut untuk mempermudah banyak ditemukan organisme benthik penelitian lanjutan tentang aspek seperti gastropoda, bivalva, krustasea biologi. dan lain-lain tapi yang paling Identifikasi ini penting dan menarik adalah bivalva di pantai sangat berguna untuk membantu tersebut karena bivalva salah satu dalam pengakajian aspek biologi komoditi yang bernilai ekonomis lainnya, dan menjadi data dasar tinggi antara lain digunakan sebagai untuk pengelolaan sumberdaya bahan baku industri (hiasan) dan bivalva. Atas dasar pertimbangan sebagai salah satu jenis protein bagi tersebut di atas, peneliti ingin manusia (Munir,2011). Bivalva mengkaji tentang jenis-jenis bivalva adalah bagian dalam kelas moluska yang terdapat di perairan pantai yang memiliki dua cangkang atau Teluk Bakau. yang sering disebut kerang. Bivalva merupakan biota yang hidup di METODE PENELITIAN perairan laut, payau serta tawar yang Waktu dan Tempat hidup menetap di subtrat dasar Penelitian ini akan perairan. Bivalva hidup dengan dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2019 membenamkan diri dalam pasir atau di Perairan Pantai Trikora, Desa lumpur dan melekatkan/ menempel Teluk Bakau, Kecamatan Gunung pada bebatuan. Hal ini disebabkan Kijang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. bivalva pada umumnya tidak dapat Analisis sampel bivalva dilakukan di bergerak cepat dan habitatnya di Laboratorium Biologi Perairan dasar perairan yang merupakan sedangkan untuk analisis fraksi penumpukan bahan pencemar kimia, sedimen dilakukan di Laboratorium lumpur serta pasir(Afiati,2005). Pada Kimia Laut Fakultas Perikanan dan perairan desa teluk bakau terdapat Kelautan Universitas Riau. banyak bivalva di bandingkan Alat dan Bahan dengan pantai desa lain. pada saat ini Bahan yang digunakan dalam belum didapatkan informasi tentang penelitian ini adalah sampel bivalva keberadaan bivalva di Perairan yang didapatkan selama penelitian, Pantai Trikora Desa Malang Rapat untuk mengawetkan sampel bivalva tersebut. digunakan Formalin 4%, serta bahan kimia yang digunakan untuk menganalisis kualitas air yaitu: 2 MnSO4, NaOH-KI, H2SO4, natrium surut maka bivalva mudah didapatkan thiosulfat, amilum, indikator pp dan di sekitar subtrat pantai. Tali transek larutan Na2CO3. direntangkan dari arah darat menuju ke Alat yang digunakan dalam arah laut, panjang transek tergantung penelitian ini adalah Thermometer, pada luasan daerah intertidal. Pada Secchi disk, Tali raffia, botol plastik, setiap stasiun terdapat 3 transek garis Pipet tetes, botol BOD, Erlenmeyer, (lintasan transek), jarak antara transek jarum suntik, Indikator pH, satu dengan yang lainnya yaitu 25 Handrefractometer, Pipa paralon, meter (dikondisikan dengan lokasi Plastik klip, cawan,oven, allumunium penelitian). foil, timbangan, Plastik klip, caliper digital, timbangan digital, nampan, Kemudian petakan kuadran sarung tangan, penggaris serta buku 1x1 m diletakkan secara sistematis identifikasi Abbott (1991) dan dengan jarak antara petakan satu Poutiers (1998). dengan yang lainnya yaitu 10 m di sepanjang lintasan transek.Sampel Metode bivalva diambil dengan cara Penelitian ini menggunakan mengambil semua bivalva yang ada di metode survei, perairan Pantai Trikora, substrat dasar, akar dan batang lamun Desa Teluk Bakau, Kecamatan dengan cara memungut dengan Gunung Kijang Provinsi Kepulauan menggunakan tangan (hand collector). Riau di jadikan sebagai lokasi Sedangkan untuk bivalva yang hidup penelitian sedangkan bivalva yang membenamkan diri di dalam substrat ditemukan dijadikan sebagi objek diambil dengam menggunakan sekop penelitian. Data yang dikumpulkan kecil.bivalva yang telah didapatkan adalah data primer dan sekunder: dimasukkan ke dalam ember kemudian dibersihkan. Sampel yang Data Primer merupakan data telah bersih kemudian dimasukkan ke yang sacara langsung di dapat dari dalam plastik sampel kemudian diberi lapangan dengan cara pengamatan label yang memuat informasi langsung dengan keanekaragam jenis mengenai stasiun dan tanggal Bivalvia. Data sekunder adalah data pengambilan sampel. Setelah itu tidak langsung, tetapi data tersebut sampel yang telah dimasukkan ke yang dikumpulkan dari buku, media dalam plastik sampel disimpan ke pelantara, perpustakaan dan dari dalam cool box dan dianalisis di laboratorium pengujan. Laboratorium Balai Benih Ikan Pengujan Kepulauan Riau. Pengambilan Sampel Bivalva Teknik pengambilan sampel Identifikasi Bivalva bivalva dilakukan pada saat air laut Sampel yang diperoleh surut sebanyak tiga kali di setiap dimasukan dalam wadah, dibersihkan stasiun dengan interval waktu antar dimasukkan dalam kantong plastik pengambilan sampel selama satu serta diberi label kemudian minggu. Teknik pengambilan sampel dimasukkan kedalam coolbox. bivalva dilakukan dengan Selanjutnya di identifikasi dengan menggunakan metode line transect bantuan buku identifikasi menurut quadrant berukuran 1 x 1 m. Abbott (1991). Pengukuran Pengambilan sampel dilakukan saat air morfometrik bivalva dengan laut sedang surut dan jika air sedang menggunakan jangka sorong, meliputi 3 panjang cangkang yang di ukur dari wilayah Kecamatan Gunung Kijang bagian dorsal margin yaitu pada Kabupaten Bintan Provinsi bagian umbo sampai vertal margin, Kepulauan Riau. Jarak Desa Teluk lebar cangkang diukur dari bagian Bakau ke pusat pemerintahan anterior sampai dengan bagian kecamatan ± 8 km, jarak ke pusat posterior bivalva, sedangkan tinggi Pemerintahan Kabupaten Ibu Kota cangkang di ukur dari ketebalan Provinsi ± 36 km. Desa ini terletak cangkang dalam posisi tertutup. pada ketinggian 10 m mengalami dua Pengukuran morfometrik mengacu pergantian musim yaitu musim pada karakter Marwo et al. (2011) kemarau dan musim hujan. yang meliputi TC= Tinggi cangkang, LC= Lebar cangkang dan TB= Tebal Pengumpulan Sampel Bivalva cangkang. Pengukuran berat total Sampel bivalva yang kerang diukur dengan cara menimbang ditemukan pada
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