PACIFIC LINGUISTICS
Se�ie� B - No. 43
PRELIMINARY NOTES ON THE ALOR AND PANTAR LANGUAGES (EAST INDONESIA)
by
W.A.L. Stokhof
Department of Linguistics
Research School of Pacific Studies
THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Stokhof, W.A.L. Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia). B-43, vi + 79 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. DOI:10.15144/PL-B43.cover ©1975 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS is published by the Lingui4 tie Ci�eie on Canbe��a and consists of fo ur series:
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Copyright (§) W.A.L. Stokhof . First published 1975.
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National Library of Australia Card Number and ISBN 0 85883 124 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page PRAKATA (Pre face , in Indonesian ) vi
1. Introduction 1 1. 1. Ph onetic Symbolization 1
2. Setting 3
3. Previous Lingui stic Work and Other Sources 7
4. Linguistic Situation 8 4. l. Austronesian Languages: The Alor Language 8 4. 2. Non-Austronesian Languages of Pantar 10 4.3. Non-Austronesian Languages of Alor 11
5. Clas sification 12
6. Typological Affinities 16 6. 1. Pe rsonal Pronouns and Possessive Prefixes 16 6. 2. Verb Structure 18 6. 3. The Genitive Construction 20 6.4. Counting Systems 20
7. Re lationship with Other Languages 22 7. 1. Timor Languages 23 7.2. Bird's Head Languages (Irian Jaya) 25
8. Conclusion 26
9. Word Lists 27 Key: English 27 Key: Bahasa Indonesia 28
l. Lamma ( Kalondama) 2 9 2. Lamma ( Mauta/TubaD 30 3. Lamma ( Biangwa la) 31 4. Tewa ( De ing) 32
iii iv
Page 5. Tewa (Madar) 33 6. Tewa (Lebang) 34 7. Tewa (Sargang) 35 B. Nedebang 36 9. Blagar (Bakalang) 37 10. Blagar (Limarahing on Pura) 38 11. Blagar (Retta on Pura) 39 12. Blagar (Retta on Ternate) 40 13. Blagar (Apuri on Pura) 41 14. Blagar (Tereweng) 42 15. Alor (Baranus a/Kabir) 4 3 16. Alor (Kalabahi) 44 17. Kabola (Pitumb ang) 45 lB. Kabola (Aimoli) 46 19. Kabola (Hamap) 47 20. Kelon (Probur) 48 21. Kelon (Halerman ) 49 22. Kafoa 50 23. Kui 51 24. Kui (Kiramang) 52 25. Abui (Atime lang) 53 26. Abui (Mak adai) 54 27. Woisika (Letley) 55 2B. Woisika 56 29. Woisika (Pido I) 57 30. Woisika (Pido II) 58 31. Woisika (Langkuru) 59 32. Woisika (Kolomane ) 60 33. Tanglapui 61 34. Kolana 62 35. Buna? 63 36. Makasai, Oirata 64
10. Ikhtisar Singkat (Summary in Indonesian) 65
NOT ES 68
BIBLIOGRAPH Y 70
CHARTS : 1. Consonants 2 2. Vowels 3 3. Percentages of Shared Radical Elements 15 4. Range of Percentages 16 5. Person/Numb er Indicators 17 v
Page 6. Counting Systems 22 7. Percentages of Shared Cognates with Timor Languages 24 8. Pers on /Number In dicators in Timor Languages 24 9. Pers on/Number In dicators in Bird's Head Languages 25
MAPS: 1. Location of Villages on A1or, Pantar and Pura 5 2. Languages of A1or, Pantar and Pura 9 PRAKATA
Adapun karangan kecil ini ditulis dengan maksud akan berfungsi, baiK sebagai pengantar sementara untuk bahasa-bahasa kepulauan Alor (Nusa Tenggara Timur) , maupun sebagai aj ak an kepada para ah li anthropologi dan ahli bahasa untuk menaruh minat kepada penelitian kebudayaan Alor dan sekitarnya. Bahan yang dipergunakan dalam laporan ini adalah hasil penyelidikan setempat yang dilakukan oleh penulis dalam dua ekspedisi yang singkat ke Kab up at en Alor pada pertengahan tahun 1972 dan 1974. Karena kekurangan tenaga dan alat-alat untuk penggalian , pengump ulan dan penyusunan bahan-bahan di seluruh daerah , maka dat a yang disaj ikan tent unya masih jauh dari sempurna : kritik dan saran-saran sangat diharapkan dan dinanti-nantikan. Uraian lebih mendalam dan terperinci tentang beberapa masalah pokok yang terdapat dalam karangan ini akan menyusul dalam suat u analisa bahasa Blagar (dipulau Pantar dan pulau Pura) oleh H. Steinhauer dan suatu deskripsi bahasa Woisika (Alor) dari tangan penyusun ini . Pengarang dengan ini menyat akan penghargaan dan terima kasih kepada segala pihak yang telah rela memberi bant uan baik materiil maupun moril dalam pene litian bahasa-bahasa Alor ini. Terutama kepada : Professor Koentjaraningrat dari Lemb aga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) , Jakarta, kepada Dra. Ny. Rudj iati Muljadi dan Dr . Amran Halim dari Lembaga Bahasa Nasional (LBN) , Jakarta, kepada Professor Mr . S.M. Sjah dari Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang, kepada bapak O.S. Badj ideh B. A. kepala direktorat Kesra . KTRG . N.T.T. , Kupang dan kepada bapak W.R.M. Le langulu B.A. kepala kantor pembinaan kebudaj aan Kebupaten Alor, Kalab ahi . Supaya terseb ar dalam lingkungan yang seluas mungkin , laporan ini diterbitkan dalam bahasa Inggeris dan satu ikhtisar singkat dimuat dalam bahasa Indonesia. Semoga sambutan sederhana ini dapat berguna dan memberikan bahan-bahan penting bagi penyelidikan selanj utnya tentang kebudayaan Alor pada khususnya dan kebudayaan Indonesia pada umumnya.
Kupang/Kalabahi 1974 w. Stokhof
vi
Stokhof, W.A.L. Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia). B-43, vi + 79 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. DOI:10.15144/PL-B43.cover ©1975 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. l 1. INTRODUCT ION
This article tentatively outlines and classifies the Alor and Pantar languages in East Indonesia (Lesser Sunda Islands) . It is based on fieldnotes collected during two trips to Alor, Pantar and Pura (August 1972, August 1974) in order to investigate the local facilities for linguistic research and to gain as much informat ion as possib le about the linguistic situation . In view of the fact that the st udy of these languages is st ill in its infancy and that hardly any dat a are available, thirty-four short wordlists of 117 items are given here as an initial contribut ion to comp arat ive exploration of the languages of the area. The classification presented is based on lexicost at istical criteria and native judgement . In addition brief preliminary remarks are made on the personal pronouns/the possessive prefixes, the verb, the genitive construction and the counting systems in regard to the relationship of this group of languages with some of the Timor languages and the Irian Jaya (Bird's Head/Vo ge lkop) languages. Moreover, this paper summarizes what is already known ab out the Alor and Pantar (A/P) languages in order to facilitat e and st imulate further linguist ic and anthropological work in the area.
1. 1. PHONETIC SYMBOLIZATION
All language data in this paper are given in a broad phonetic tran scription. It goes without saying that the number of phonetic phenomena symbolized here is somewhat limited by the printer's type case. So , for instance, interdental st ops have not been indicated neither such features as fortis or Zenis. For the same reason there is some deviat ion from the IPA symbols . The author has refrained from attempting to unify the phonetic tran scription. This exp lains notat ional differences in e.g.: wordlists 12: items 63, 6 9 and 4: items 115, 116 .
1
Stokhof, W.A.L. Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia). B-43, vi + 79 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. DOI:10.15144/PL-B43.1 ©1975 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. 2
CHARr 1: CONSONANTS
lab- dent/ alv- t back . bil . re ro- pal. vel. glot . \ dent . I alv. Ipal . I flex l l I vel. I ve l. p t c t. k q ? tmaSpir. ved . b d j d. 9
vel. ph thlth aspir. ved. bh m 8- .p ve l. p- t- k- m unre- leased ved. b- d-
e e with voiced b d release
vel. f x h m flat ved . b, v Y ' nasals m n n n. I) laterals 1 I' trill/flap r gli- unaspir . w w' y des asp irated wh H ·rl vel. p? t? cd stop ? d? >< ved . b c- � T-m < m cdH vel. P � st op �; p. ved . b< � 3 CHARI' 2 : VOWELS front cent ral back unr. r. unr . r. unr. r. high u ;. u lower-high u mid 0 lower-mid e a low al II lower-low a In addit ion I use the following symbols : on nasalized vowels ( e.g. list 2 item 7, or shortly: 2/7) on short ened vowe ls ( e.g. 2/10 ) facultat ive sound or sound sequence ( e.g. 2/70 ) / variant forms ( e.g. 7/34) (?) uncertain no answer was obtained ( e.g. 3/45) (V ) hV slight glottal friction ( e.g. 19/68) Length has been indicated by gemination of the relevant sound symbol: VV , CC, e.g. : 1 / 8 n'ammi, 1/10 k'uuka. Distinction must be made between the symbol for one long vowel (VV ) and that for a sequence of two identical vowels which are more or less separately pronounced with ( among other possible concomitant features ) an audib le decrease of air pressure . In those instances I write V-V : 8/1 ne-emb 'aka. Capitals are used for voiceless ( often reduced) resonants: 8/ 14 na- 'agAMI . ' before a vowel indicates the relative prominence of that vowe l as compared to one or more other vowels within the same sound unit : 1/8 n'ammi . Sometimes , in longer words , two pro minence peaks are established one of which (') seems to be phonetically heavier than the other ( " ): 1/9 n"ammi b'aqa. Whe re two peaks are considered to be equally prominent ' is written in both instances : 2 /15 n'amma s ' Idda? 2. SETTING The islands Pant ar, Pura and Alor lie north of Timor, separated from that island by the Straits of Ombai . The smallest distance between Alor and Timor is approximately thirty kilometers . The locat ion is 8° South Latitude and between 124 and 124°60" East Longitude. The area is approximately 3,000 square kilomet ers . 4 The islands are rather isolated from the local centre of government , Kupang (in Timor) . Communicat ion between the islands themselves is limited to small fishing boats. The Solor-Alor archipelago shows recent 2 volcanic deposits; hot springs are located in certain areas . The soil is rather fertile but water is lacking, especially on Pura and Pantar . Fruits such as pa paya (pawpaw, Ca�ca papaya) and si rsak (Sour Sop, Anona mUA�ca�a) do not grow on Pura because of the dry climate. This island is in fact nothing more than an extinct volcano, approximately 600 meters high with people living on its slopes . During the dry season the picture presented by these islands is rather depressing. It is a red and dusty barren hill count ry ; the higher parts part ly covered with alang-alang (Impe�a�a cyl�nd�ca L. ) interspersed by eucalyptus (Eucalyptu6 alba) and ka yu pu tih trees (Melaleuca leucodend�on) . Because of the extremely ac cidental terrai� access to the interior part of the islands is difficult . The best means of transport is on horse-back . Horses , however, are few in number. The alternative is simp ly walking. During the wet season (the North-West monsoon begins approximately in December and lasts until March, Ap ril) expeditions are not advisab le : formerly recognisab le paths become muddy streams . Alor, Pantar and the small islands indicated on Map 1 together form one spec ific administ rat ive unit: the Ka bupa te n Alor with its capital 3 Kalab ahi <46> . It is subdivided in five smaller units which are called ke camatan . For technical reasons some kecamatans include an additional area which is called pe rwaki la n ke camatan. Below the names of the kecamat ans are given together with the most recent data on the number of inhabitants (August 1974) . The numb er of desa (villages ) is also ment ioned. Separate figures are given for Kalabahi and its surroundings. Inhabitants Desa Kec amat an Alor Barat Laut (plus Perwakilan) 35 , 757 17 Kecamatan Alor Barat Daya 17, 965 9 Kecamatan Alor Timor (plus Perwakilan) 16,608 9 Kecamat an Alor Selatan 6,498 6 Kalabahi (plus surroundings ) 17,517 4 Kecamatan Pantar (plus Perwakilan ) 29, 392 11 Pura forms a part of the Kecamatan Alor Barat Laut; its number of inhab itants is approximately 4,800. Thus , Alor counts a total of about 89, 500 inhabitants. DISTRICTS I Kecamatan Alor Barat IA Perwakilan Kecamatan Alor Barat II Kecamatan Alor Barat Daya III Kecamatan Alor Selatan IV Kecamatan Alor Timur IV Perwakilan Kecamatan Alor 77• IV V Kecamatan Pantar VA Perwakilan Kecamatan Pantar .76 72 • .75 3 •7 Rusa o Kambing8 116' 120' 124' 128' N ... Q.._ : .' Wetar •• Bah Sumbawa A R F�;.; PAN TAR ja £2.' ' 8' ��lJf;'-' . "'. " �D Lomb Boundary of administrative unit J.v. Lombok � l.:::- Ilmor � Sumba -;:::;Z V 10' o 10 20 30 40 50Km o 500 Km 0 t , ! C' ,�----� , I ----�! I ____�I---- � ----� LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS Iii MAP 1: LOCATION OF VILLAGES ON ALOR, PANTAR AND PURA 6 VILLAGE LIST FOR MAP 1 1. Blang me rang 4l. Kokar 8l. Takala 2. Benaang 42 . Mali 82. Maukuru 3. Bagang 43. Tulta 83. Taramana 4. Kabir 44. Lawahing 84 . Pido 5. Pandai 45. Pitumbang 85. Woisika 6. Manuseli 46. Kalabahi 86. Bukapiting 7 . Lamahulu 47. Dulolong 87 . Kamot 8. Tuwaab ang 48. Ampera 88. Adagai 9. Bakalang 49. Alor Keeil 89. Let ley 10. Kolijahi 50. Alor Besar 90. Awasi ll. Warsalelang 5l. Moru 91. Atimelang 12. Ab an gniwang 52 . Wolwal 92 . Meb ung 13. Panggar 53· Mat ap 93. Wat atuku 14. Baj o 54. Lola 94. Welai 15. Sargang 55. Habolat 16 . Tama labang 56. Probur 17. Nuhawalla 57. Halerman 18. Lelangab ang 58. Gendok 19. Kakamaut a 59 . Buraga (Tribur) 20. Airmama 60 . Lerabaing 21. Toang 6l. Biakbuku 22. Maut a 62. Mat aru 23. Jeri 63. Eibiki (Mat aru Selatan) 24. Lat una 64. Pandangalang 25. Ilmake 65. Batulolong (Ki raman g) 26. Puntaru 66 . Sibera 27. Bolowang 67. Apui 28. Wolu 68. Kalais i (Barat ) 29 . Mobubaa 69 . Silapui 30 . Kayang 70 . Sidabui 31 . Beangonong 7l. Mademang 32 . Kalabahi Wowang 72 . Langkuru 33· Bogakele 73 . Peitoku (Purnama) 34 . Apuri 74 . Pureman 35 . Ret ta 75. Salamana 36 . Harilolong 76 . Kolomane (Mamper) 37. Limarahing 77. Lantoka (Tanglapui ) 38. Bira 78 . Erana 39 . Sebanj ar 79 . Maritaing 40 . Seeng 80 . Kolana 7 3. PREVIOUS LINGUISTIC WORK AN D OTHE R SOURCES Alor and Pantar have a long history of contact which begins with the discovery of the islands by the Port uguese in 1522. The diary notes of one of the crew members, the Italian Ant onio de Pigafet ta are the earliest European data on Alor (see Le Roux 1929, Vatter 1932 ). The first linguistically interesting material was published by an anonymous writer (1914) who offers along with a brief description of the landscape , the people and their way of life, three wordlists (Kui , Kolana and Alor) . The author noted all items down in the way they were presented to him. So, somewhat misleading forms are attested in the Kui and Kolana words indicat ing fami ly relat ions and bodyparts which cannot be separated from their ob ligat ory possessive prefixes. However, apart from a few printer 's errors it is quite a useful list . With the excep tion of Anceaux (1973) and Barnes (1973) , no one has ever used these vocabularies for linguist ic purposes . Vatter (1932) may be considered to be the best book on the Alor archipelago . It offers varied informat ion on Alor, Pantar and sur roundings . A short survey on the languages , a few lexical items and a linguist ic map is included. Salzner (1960) used this map for his Sprachenat las . All important sources are ment i oned in the extensive bibli ography . Nicolspeyer (1940) discusses the social structure of a village in the Abui area, Atimelang <91> . She offers eighty pages of texts in the Abui language together with a literal and a free translation. The book does not give a linguistic desc ription . The items in the vocabulary (thirty pages ) are rather arb itrarily arranged . Slight errors have been made because of insufficient insight into the morphemic structure. Dub ois (1944) gives a socio-psychological description/analysis of the same village. The book offers several lexical items and many texts, unfortunately in English translat ion only . Watuseke (1973) pub lished a short wordlist of a Pantar language (Tewa, Madar dialect) and a few remarks on the Alor languages: In addition to this, non-linguist ic information is given (inter alia) in : van Lijnden (1851), Brouwer (n.d. ), Nieuwenkamp (1922, 1925) (who gives the numerals 1-10 in the following Alor languages (p.14 5) : Alor , Kabola , Ab ui , Kui and Kolana) , Bouman (1943) , Lemoine (1969), Barnes (1973) (who gives kinship terms in the Alor language) . Most interesting material is found in the unpub lished Memo�e¢ van ove�d�achz written in the Dut ch colonial period by officials serving on Alor . I mention only G.A.M. van Gaalen, K. Rijnders . As far as is known no reliable map of the area exists. The map ment i oned in the bibli ography (p.70) is often incorrect in the placement 8 and the naming of the vil lages. This can partly be explained by the recent tendency of the populat ion to migrate from the mountains to the coast. 4. LINGUISTIC SITUAT ION The linguistic situat ion on Alor and to a lesser degree on Pura and Pantar is quickly changing. Up to the early fifties of this century most peop le lived a rather isolated life in small hamlet s high on the steep slopes of the mountains . The contacts between the villages often seemed to be restricted to warfare and/or headhunt ing raids. Nowadays, due to local government politics and the influence of the christian churches most villagers have changed their domicile and live in more accessible places near the coast. The children go to school and learn the Bahasa Indonesia, the parent s to to Kalab ahi to sell their predom inant ly agricultural products. The common trade language is the Alor 4 language or the Indonesian language. The former isolation apparent ly promoted dialectal variat ion - of almost any list given here I am ab le to offer a slight ly different variant provided by another informant from 5 the same vi l lage . Now, however, the geographic proximity stimulates 3 mult i-lingualism and linguistic borrowing. For instance, in Moru <51> I met people who could communicate with Abui , Kui , Kabola and Kelon speakers in their own languages. On the long term, however, this situat ion will possibly result in monolinguism (Bahasa Indonesia) : many children (especially from marriages between speakers of different languages ) turned out to be purely monolingual. The following languages have been established : Alor, Lamma , Tewa , Nedeban g, Blagar , Kab ola, Kelon, Kafoa, Kui , Ab ui , Woisika, Tanglapui , 6 and Kolana (see Map 2) . For their lexicostat istical relat ionships see Section 5 and Chart 3. Further det ails are given below. The numb er of speakers of the separate languages is unknown . 4. 1. AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES: TH E ALOR LANGUAGE ALOR Al (also called Bah as a Pantai (coastal language) , Bah as a Kalabah i, Bah as a Baran usa, Bah as a Pan dai <5» is the common trade language in the Alor Pantar region. It is spoken in the northern part of Pantar , in the surroundings of Blangme rang <1> , on the island Merica and in two rel atively small areas on the west coast (the inhabitant s are said to originate from (i� ter alia) the neighb ouring Solor islands ). In addition it is used in the southern part of the coastal area of the Alor peninsula from Kalabahi <46> up to approximately Seb an jar <39> and also in Moru ALOR tN PANTAR o 8 LANGUAGES � B. KAFOA - - � B. ALOR c:d B. NEDEBANG � B. ABUI � B. LAMMA � B. KELON I��" .... v71 t- B. WOISIKA Language Boundary []]] B. TEWA [illI I B. KABOLA B. KOLANA ------Dialect Boundary 0 0 o 10 20 30 40 50 Km B. BLAGAR 0 B. KUI / KIRAMAN B. TANGLAPUI Hi , , , , , , EIJ � � MAP 2: LANGUAGES OF ALaR, PANTAR AND PURA 10 <51> , in the east part of Ternate 4.2. NON-AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES OF PANTAR LAMMA L is spoken in the south-western part of Pantar . The language comprises three dialects : Ka londama, Tu ba l (also called Tu be or Ma uta ) and Bi angwa la (on Map 2 indicated by a, b, c, respectively ). They share 82-90% lexical relat ionship . TEWA T is spoken in the central part of Pantar ; three dialects are posited : De ing, Ma dar, NEDEBANG N is sp oken in the surroundings of Kab ir <4> . It is 48-50% related to L and 54-62% related to T. (The language is also called Ba lungada. ) BLAGAR B is spoken in the eastern part of Pantar , on the islands Tereweng , Pura KELON Ke: in Panggar <13> to the west of Kab ir <4> lives a group of approxi mat ely 600 Kelon speakers . They settled there at the beginning of this century. The language is reported to be the same as that spoken in their home land (the south-western part of Alor). There is a lively contact between both areas . A comparison with Kelon lists from Alor (Probur <56> , Halerman <57> , Gendok <58» yields slight dialect al differences only. For the sake of completeness it should be mentioned here that a group of the so-called sea nomads , the Sarna originating from Sulawesi, has a permanent settlement on the shore in the neighb ourhood of Kabir <4>. The village is called after their popular name: Bajo <14> . The language fa lls outside the scope of this paper. 4. 3. NON-AUSTRONES IAN LANGUAGES OF ALOR KABOLA K is spoken in the peninsula of Alor (Ke pal a Bu rung). Also in Moru <51> and in the area which lies opposite to the capital Kalab ahi on the other side of the bay . There , the language is called Bah as a Harnap. Lists chosen for presentation here are from Harnap and the eastern part of the peninsula . They share 90-98% of radical cognates. Samp les from the western part of Kepala Burung do not show remarkable deviat ions . There is a tradition that the an cestors of the Blagar speakers carne from the Kabola area in the middle of the 19th century . This could be an explanation for the significant ly high number of shared radical items . Note also Blagar 's position on the coast , relatively close to Kabola. Another interesting fact is the high similarity in the numeral systems of both languages. According to my informants the languages are not mut ually intelligib le . KE LON Ke is spoken in the south-west part of Alor, in Moru <51> and in Panggar <13> on Pantar. My dat a (Probur <56> , Halerman <57» offered a shared cognat ion of 85% which points to two dialects. According to unconfirme d informat ion the inhabitants of Halerman migrated from Pantar to Alor. KAFOA Ka is sp oken by approximat ely 1,000 speakers in a small area in the Kelon region around Habolat <55> and in Matap <53> . Ke and Ka are not mutual intelligible . 12 KUI Ku, and the 88% related Ki r aman{g) are spoken on the South coast in the neighbourhood of Lerab aing <60> (Kui ) and Buraga (Kui ) and in the surroundings of Batulolong <65> and Sibera <66> (Kiramang) . Moreover in the area around Moru <51> . Tradition says that the speakers originate from Atapupu (north coast of Timor). Capell (1943-1945) classified the language (Tetum) spoken in that area as Indonesian . This migrat ion history seems not to be supported by the dat a available; a comparison of Cape ll's vocabulary with my mat erial shows a few possible cognates only . ABUI A is spoken in a re lat ively large area in the western part of Alor. Two lists were used which show a 85% relationship . The author is aware of the fact that the mat erial presented for this language is rather scanty . Additional smaller lists (inter aZia from Kobola (north of Gendok <58» and from a small village called Alakaman (north of Batulolong <65» ) reveal strong dialectal variat ion from the data offered here . WOISIKA W is spoken in the central part of Alor. The dat a avai lab le show 68-92% shared radical elements. TANGLAPUI Ta is spoken in the eastern part of Alor. The speakers of the other Alor languages consider it to be a difficult language which is quite di fferent from the other ones. KOLANA Ko is spoken in the coastal area of east and sout h-east Alor. Settle ments of Kolana speakers are found in Taramana <83> and Takala <81> . Tradition has it that the speakers originally came from Kisar and/or the eastern part of Timor. A comp arison with my data on Kisar proves that Ko is not related to the Austronesian language spoken on that islan d. (See 7. 1.) 5. CLASSIFICATION The vocabulary list used for the classificat ion of the languages was slight ly different from the list presented below (Section 9.) and con sisted of a collection of eighty-five items which included many 13 inalienables , personal pronouns, several numerals and a few verbs. Austronesian words , when recognized, have been excluded from the analysis . In determining probab le cognates a list of more than a hundred items was first inspected in order to establish similarities and dissimi larities in sound and me aning. In many cases reconstructions were posited, based on comparison, and the tentat ive soundlaws were formu lated. However, it is obvious that the scanty material only provide s us with the more trivial correspondences . Nevertheless this way of working turned out to be rather fruit ful in recognizing the root s in the different languages and/or dialect s. In this paper only the lexico statistical results are given. The classification as presented here is to be considered a very preliminary invent ory . The author is well aware of the ob jections made against this method and agrees with the critics that structural criteria based on morphological and syntactic features must be taken into account . The author's fami liarity with the structure of the Woisika language has proven of great value in study ing the dat a of the othe r languages. The classification is given as a sort of starting point , a frame of reference for more detailed (classificatory ) work and may consequent ly be modified later when morphosyntactic data are available. In classifying the languages the fo llowing percentage s of shared radical cognates were ge ne rally adhered to: approximat ely 70-100% : diale cts of the same language , 24% to approximat ely 70% : diffe rent languages of the same fami ly . It goes without saying that. in addition to this (rather arbitrary ) criterium the opinions of the informant s have been given serious con sideration . Especially in those instances where the figures were not very decisive - the no-man's-land between 60 and 70% - the judgement of the speakers on mut ual intelligib ility has been taken into account. For instance , based on the reaction of the natives , Retta on Pura (list 11) and Tereweng (list 14 ) are both considered to be dialects belonging to a language called Blagar , although both share 65% radical relation ship only . Tab le 3 shows the percentages of shared apparent and possible radical elements. The numbers 1-34 refer to the languages and diale ct s which were comp ared. See the key below: 14 LANGUAGE AND DIALECT KEY FOR CHARI' 3 AND WO RDLISTS (SECTION 9) PANTAR Diale cts Languages l. Kalondama 2. Mauta/Tub al Lamma (L) 3. Biangwala } 4. Deing 5. Madar Tewa (T) 6. Lebang } 7. Sargang B. Nedebang (N) 9. Bakalang 10. Limarahing (Pura ) 11. Retta (Pura) Blaga r (B) 12. Retta (Ternate) 13. Apuri (Pura) } 14. Tereweng 15. Baranusa/Kab ir Al 0 r (AI) ALOR 16 . Kalabahi Al 0 r (AI) 17. Pitumbang lB . Aimoli Kabola (K) 19 . Hamap } 20. Probur } Ke lon (Ke) 21. Halerman 22. Kafoa (Ka) 23. Kui } Kui (Ku) 24. Kiramang 25. At imelang } Ab ui (A) 26. Makadai 27. Letley 2B . Woisika 29 . Pido I Woi slka (W) 30 . Pi do II 31. Langkuru Kolomana I 32 . 33. Tanglapui (Ta) 34 . Ko lana (Ko) CHARI' 3 Percentages of shared radical elements 1 2 3 4567 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 1. - 2. 85- 3. 82 90- 4. 61 50 51 5. 50 42 42 68 - 6. 51 47 44 68 91- 7. 51 51 45 80 82 87- 8. 48 50 50 55 54 62 54 9. 48 51 45 48 50 50 55 51 10. 50 42 40 45 37 48 48 48 86 - 11. 40 40 42 37 37 42 42 44 65 85- 12. 45 40 41 42 30 42 48 48 68 87 95- 13. 50 42 40 45 37 48 48 48 86 100 85 87 - 14. 48 44 44 42 40 50 51 51 81 91 65 72 91 - 15. <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 16. <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 <7 100- 17. 35 35 37 38 28 40 40 41 56 70 56 62 70 63 <7 <7 18. 34 34 38 37 30 40 41 41 60 71 56 62 71 62 <7 <7 98- 19. 32 40 40 35 27 32 38 40 60 70 60 60 70 62 <7 <7 90 91 - 20. 31 32 34 35 27 35 40 41 58 55 50 52 55 50 <7 <7 50 55 61 21. 40 42 41 38 24 37 44 40 54 58 52 55 58 52 <7 <7 52 57 55 85- 22. 42 38 38 42 32 41 44 48 55 51 58 57 51 45 <7 <7 50 51 54 60 50 23. 37 40 41 38 28 44 41 41 48 51 42 44 51 40 <7 <7 42 41 44 57 54 54 24. 41 38 40 40 32 42 45 47 52 54 44 48 54 48 <7 <7 50 48 47 62 57 54 88- 25. 40 34 34 30 25 38 35 42 42 50 37 40 50 41 <7 <7 41 44 41 38 40 54 48 54 26. 42 38 35 35 30 42 42 44 48 50 48 48 50 50 <7 <7 41 42 45 43 48 60 52 55 85- 27. 40 35 31 32 30 32 41 42 41 44 38 42 44 40 <7 <7 42 35 38 40 42 44 41 47 42 42 28. 38 32 37 31 30 34 41 42 45 42 34 41 42 45 <7 <7 44 38 42 41 47 47 41 54 41 50 82- 29. 37 32 32 28 30 35 41 42 48 41 32 41 41 41 <7 <7 41 41 44 41 38 44 45 51 44 47 77 88- 30. 30 28 30 30 27 31 32 41 38 42 37 40 42 38 <7 <7 40 34 40 40 38 40 45 52 41 44 75 81 92- 31. 32 30 31 32 27 34 40 41 38 40 32 37 40 42 <7 <7 38 37 41 32 37 44 40 50 38 41 72 82 84 81 - 32. 38 34 32 30 27 35 34 35 42 42 37 37 42 38 <7 <7 37 41 40 38 40 44 47 48 40 44 68 75 81 78 87- 33. 27 30 28 25 24 27 28 31 28 27 28 28 27 31 <7 <7 30 30 30 30 28 31 31 30 32 28 42 41 37 42 37 38 34. 40 34 37 38 31 32 38 44 44 40 42 42 40 45 <7 <7 44 42 45 42 41 47 45 51 40 42 54 57 58 54 55 55 51 16 From the ab ove chart we may conclude that the A/P languages are lexicostatistically related on the family level. They share 24-71% radical elements. A comparison of the Pantar languages themselves yields 30-62%, and a comp arison between the Alor languages themselves ranges from 28-62%. The high shared lexical relationship between Blagar and the set of A languages is remarkab le. The same holds for Kabola in comp arison with the set of P languages, especially with Blagar (56-71%). The other P languages vary between 24 and 48% when comp ared with the A languages. A comparison of the A languages (with the exception of Kabola) with the P languages yields 24-58% . Tanglapui shows the lowest percentage : 24-31% . In Chart 4, the ranges of shared percentages are given for each of the P languages in comp arison with the set of A languages. The same has been done for each A language in its comp arison with the set of P languages : CHART 4: RAN GE OF PERCENTAGES ALOR PANTAR P B 27-71 K 27-71 A N N 31-48 Ke 24-58 T T 24-45 A Ka 32-58 A L R L 27-42 Ku 28-54 0 R A 25-50 w 27-48 Ta 24-31 Ko 31-45 6. TYPOLOGICAL AFFINITIES 6. 1. PERSONAL PRONOUNS ANV POSSESSIVE PRE FIXES The A/P languages show two noun classes: those which occur with obligat ory possession marking prefixes added to the noun denoting the ob ject possessed and those which do not . These inalienabilia seem to be restricted to kinship nouns and bodyparts. The person/numb er indicat ors in forms such as e.g. , the personal pronouns , subject (and/or obj ect ) marking prefixes and possessive prefixes show a remarkab le similarity in the Alor-Pant ar language fami ly . Most languages seem to posses separate forms indicat ing, 1 sg. , 2 sg. , 3 sg. , 1 pl. incl., 1 plur . excl. , 2 pl. , 3 pl .. Up until now no grammat ical gender distinction has been found. In Ke , B, Ka and W an 17 opposit ion dual versus plural is attested. Ko lacks the opposition inclusive versus exc lusive . Woisika, Lamma (?), Kafoa and Kui show an opposition paucal versus non-paucal. In addition to the indicat ors given in Chart 5, Blagar offers two interesting prefixes: 5- indicat ing indefinite forms (used with nouns indicat ing human beings ) and t- for definite forms (objects known to speaker and hearer). In several languages distinction of number is ab sent in the third person (Ko, Ta, W, (Pido), A, Ku) . When it is necessary to mark the plural, constructions are used such as : W 'almakal) kar"i woj)'aa A hel 'oku In Chart 5 the pers on/number indicat ors of several A/P languages (and dialects ) have been set out : CHART 5: PERSON/NUMBER INDICATORS 1 pl. Language/ 1 sg. 3 sg. 3pl. 2 pl. 2 sg. incl. Dialect excl. pauc . non-po n h L n (h)(3 9 9 i t I pi i ( ) i B (Bak . ) n 0 9 9 i pi n1 1 B (Apu. ) n 0 7 7 i (y ) pi n i y i 2 ' l K n 0 7 0 5 I pi 7 pi/t n I ( h) Y i . l,3 3 3 Ke n 0 9 , 1 n 1 9 1 p l /t 1)1 g 4 . 4,5 . 6 6 Ka (n I) n (3 ( gl) 9 , amag e pl te ped n 1 y Ku n 0 9 t pi nyi j i 7 A n (3 d • h he)' oku piI n I r i ( d i ) I 8 9 9 9 9 W (Wo .) n 0 g/y t si n i 1 8 W (Pi.) n (3 g/y t 5 i n i i y lO Ta n/l) y(?) 9 P I n Y Ko n (3 9 I t Y 1. There does not seem to be a semant ic difference: some words take t, others pl . 2. Pitumb .: ? (subject marker, obj ect marker, possessive prefix), Aimoli , Hamap: ? (object marker, possessive pre fix), 5 (subject marker) , Mali: 0 (object marker, possessive pre fix), di (subject marker) . 3. Dual forms are pIe, I)le, egle. 18 4. In the singular, reduplication occurs . 5. Subject marker is da. ' 6. Dual forms are p e I (tE) . n i y , e I (t E). ye I . 7. At im. : d (subject marker), h (object marker possessive prefix); Mak.: di g (subject marker), h (object marker possessive prefix). 8. Free variat ion. Woo shows a variant in (g}w. 9. The W dual forms are illustrated in the paradigm below . 10 . POSitionally conditioned. commentary on Chart 5 The first person singular and the first person plural exc lusive are marked by n. Th e second person singular and the second person plural are marked by 0. The third singular and plural forms are almost always distinguished by a voiced back (velar or glottal) stop . The first person plural inclusive forms are marked by a voiceless front (b ilab ial or (alveo) dental stop or fricative. As a whole the opposit ion plural versus singular is indicated by the re levant presence of the res onants i or y. 6.2. VERB STRUCTURE At this stage of the investigat ion not much can be said about the verb and its structure . As a characteristic feat ure of the A/P languages I found in all instances free subject pronouns preceding the verb complex and bound prefixed (in) direct ob ject markers . In a number of languages the subject (noun or pronoun ) and/or the object (noun) are cross referenced (in that order) by means of bound person markers before the verb stem (see Section 9, Wordlists). In several languages, mood, tense and aspect are indi cated by affixat ion . I restrict my self to a few samples from Woisika: 1. nagaw'e l I wash him, I am washing him n subject marker (1 sg. ) a indicative marker ga ob ject marker (3 sg./p l. ) we I verb root o imperfect aspect marker (unmarked for tense) 2. nagaw'elrna I washed him, I have been washing him, I was washing him rna past tense marker 3. nagaw'ellayrna I have washed him (compZeteZy) lay perfect aspect marker 19 4. nagaw'EltE I will wash him presently tE imme diate future marker 5. nagaw'Elsi I will wash him si future marker 6. nEgaw'EI I should like to/want to wash him E opt at ive marker 7. gaw'Eli ( l) da) ! Wash him! I polite imperat ive marker (2 sg. /p l. ) I)da abrupt imperat ive marker 8. nam 'i gawE lma I washed him several times/I have been washing him se veral times/repeatedly mi frequentat ive marker 9. nEm'i gawE lma I wanted to wash him repeatedly 10. natogaw'Elma I have been washing them all together/I washed them aU to gether to ob ject plural marker plus approximat ely together/at the same time 11. nagaw'Eldiya I wash him continuously di durat ive aspect marker ya prominence peak marker 12 . nagaw'Elsi lowkal) I might wash him low intention marker (?) kal) contrary-to-fact marker 13 . nagaw'EllaytEhbo I will first wash him (completely) and then... bo co-ordinating connective 14. agaw'Ellayl)pi7 Did you wash him completely? o subject marker (2 sg. ) I) past tense marker pi question marker (e xpected answer is unpredict able) 15. A regular verb paradigm: ganaw'EI he is wa8hing me gainn":l kiWlel he is washing both of you (du. ) gagann":lkgaw lel he is washing both of them (du. ). 6.3. THE GENITIVE CONSTRUCT ION All A/P languages show the so-called reversed genitive construction (see Capell 1943-45: 3, 32 ). The third person singular possessive suffixes are often used to express a genitive re lat ionship between two nouns , e.g. : W n"owk:l yekad' i Ko ap l i gey' is 6. 4. COUNTING SYSTEMS The following two facts seem to me worth me ntioning here : a) the maj ority of the A/P numerals (with the except ion of the Alor language ) is non-Austronesian , b) several different systems of numer at ion are at tested. So far , I have not found any gender distinction or an animat e versus non-animat e oppositon . In W however, traces of a classificatory system have been encountered. 21 The Alor language has a decimal system. It borrowed, however, the form for 'ten' from its neighb ouring languages: kar- . The other lan guage s show an imperfect decimal, or more exact , a modified quinary system. The form for 'three ' seems to be borrowed in most cases (L, T, N, B, K, Ke , Ta , Ko ) from Austronesian. The remaining lower numerals (one , two , four , five ) are expressed by separate non-Austronesian basic elements and are at tested in easily recognizab le forms in all languages. An exception must be made for Ta and Ko which offer 2 x 2 (?) for 'four' . In nearly all non-Austronesian A/P languages 'five ' is possibly ex 7 pressed by a root meaning tooth (compare item 18 in the Wordlists) . 'Six' is some time s composed of 5 + 1, (L, W, Ta, Ko) , however, a separate form always beginning with t- appears in N, T, B, K, Ke , Ka, Ku , A and in the Kolomana variant of W (list 32) . In almost all languages 'seven ' is analyzed as 5 + 2. However, B, K, Ke , Ka show 4 + 4 (?) . In L, T, N, A, W, Ta and Ko , 'eight ' is a comb ination of 5 + 3, in B, K, Ke (list 20), Ka 4 x 2 (?) is us ed and in Ke (list 21) and Ku 2 x 4 (?) appears. In L 'nine ' is expressed by one-hand )?) , 5 + 4 is at tested in T, N, Ke (list 21), Ku , A and W. In B, K, Ke (list 20) (?) we find 4 x 2 + 1 (?) and in the eastern lan guages, Ta and Ko, 5 + 2 x 2 (?) . Ka offers a separate form comb ined with the nume ral 'one' : tik'aynuku (foot-one (?) comp are wordlists 23/27, 24/2 7, 25/27, 26/27). With exception of W (lists 28-32), Ta and Ko, all languages offe r the same basis form for 'ten' , even the Alor language . The three languages just mentioned (except W 27) share a totally different f9rm: see lists. The Pant ar group and the Kabola language borrowed the word for 'hundred' from Indonesian; all other languages except the Alor language show quite similar forms all based on a root asaka . The word for 'thousand ' is borrowed from Indonesian, however, T (Deing) offe rs s'alaknuk-. The essentials of the tentative analysis given ab ove are summe d up here : 22 CHARI' 6: COUNT ING SYSTEMS Languages/Dialects Ke W L N, T B,K Ka Ku A Ta Ko 20 I 21 32 I 28 I 27 1 2 3 Aust ronesian Austr. 4 2x2 ? 5 tooth 6 5+1 t- I 5+1 7 5+2 4+3 ? 5+2 8 5+3 4+2 ? 2x4 ? 4x2 ? 2x4 ? 5+3 9 hand 5+4 4x2+1 ? 5+4 foot ? 5+4 5+2x2 ? 10 Ka r Atak I Ka r Atak 00 Austronesian I 7. RE LATIONSHIP WITH OTHER LANGUAGES As early as 1940 Nicolspeyer suggested that Abui does belong to the so-called non-Austronesian languages . Capell (1943-45) proved that several languages spoken in Port uguese Timor (Makasai, Buna?) are non Austronesian and that one language spoken on Kisar (Oirata, de Josselin de Jong 1937) is genetically related to Makasai . Cowan (1965) proved that Makasai and Oirata are related to Buna? (Capell 194 3-35, Berthe 1959, 1963, 1972 ) on the one han� and that all three of them show similarities to four Vogelkop languages (Irian Jaya) on the other hand . These Irian languages whi ch belong to the We st Papuan phylum (southern group ) are : Jahadian , Konda , Kampong Baru and Puragi (see also Cowan 1953) . Greenberg (1971) renewed Nicolspeyer 's statement and linked the Abui language with the non-Austronesian Timor language Buna? Wurm did the same (1971) . Watuseke (1973) conc ludes that most items in his wordlist are non-Austronesian and An ceaux (1973) confirms this view . I agree with the ab ove ment ioned authors and add that (with the exception of the Alor language (see Map 2) the Pantar-Alor languages are lexicostatistically related (24-71% shared radi cal cognates ). 23 Moreover, I have shown that they share a number of morphosyntactic and lexical fe atures which I would call non-Austronesian and which link them up with the Timor and Papuan languages just mentioned. Th e maj ority of the le xical items in my material is non-Austronesian. It is not re lated to the (neighbouring) Austronesian languages, e.g. Solor, Kisar, Timor, bu t to the non-Austronesian , Makasai , Oirat a and Buna? (see below) . The AlP languages show a system of combined person and number indi cators in the pronouns , (subj ect andlor object markers) and the posses sive pre fixes which agrees closely with the non-Austronesian Timor languages and (in the singular) with the Bird's Head languages (Section 7.1, 7.2.). The occurrence in the Alp languages of an ob ligat ory set of posses sive prefixes in words which denote fami ly relat ions and bodyparts points to Cowan 's west Papuan Phylum. Th e AlP languages show preference for the order S-O-V in transit ive sentences which has also been found to be the case in the non-Austronesian Timor and Bird's Head languages. All AlP languages show the so-called reversed genitive construction; the same holds for the non-Austronesian Timor and Bird's Head languages. 7.1. TIMOR LANGUAGES The lexical relat ionship between the Timor languages (Buna? , Makasai and the closely related Kisar language (Oirata) and the AlP group become s evident when we compare items (lists 35, 36) from the material presented by Capell (1943-45) , Berthe (1959), Cowan (1965) and de Josselin de Jong (1937) with our data. We arrive at the following percentage figures of 8 shared probab ly radical elements , set out in Chart 7. 24 CHART 7: PERCENTAGES OF SHARED COGNATES WITH TIMOR LANGUAGES B\.ma? Makasai Ko 28 42 Ta 16 40 w 21-28 32-40 A 16-2 1 40-42 Ku 28-30 40-42 Ka 16 42 Ke 23-28 32-40 K 19-21 34 Al <4 <7 B 21-26 35-37 N 20 30 T 23 37-40 L 21-23 30-35 A comp arison between each Timor language with the separate sets of Alor languages and Pantar languages shows : Buna? -A group 16-28%, Buna? -P group 16-26%. Makasai -A grou p 32-42%, Makasai -P group 30-40%. The tradition that the Kolana language originates from Timor and/or Kisar is not denied by these figures. Makasai seems to be more closely related to the A/P languages than Buna? Other evidence for the genetic relat ionship between the Timor and A/P group is found in the similarity of the person/numb er indicators (compare Chart 8 with Chart 6) . CHART B: PERSON/NUMBER INDICAT ORS IN TIMOR LANGUAGES Buna? Oirata Makasai 1 sg. n- n an 1 (=n) 2 sg. 13 13, V a 1 (=0) 3 sg. 9-, h- ue , u, I 91 1 pI. inc I. 1 -* p f 1 pI. excl. nel In 1 n 1 2 pI. el II 1 - 3 pI. 9 , hala7 1 - waye era * Buna? shows a t- form indicating 'reciprocity '. 25 7.2. BIRV'S HEAV LANGUAGES (IRIAN JAYA) Cowan based the relationship of the ab ove mentioned Timor languages and some Bird 's Head languages mainly on the similarity between some of the pronouns . Based on the scanty material provided in Cowan (1953, 1960 and 1965), the following person/number indicators are interesting in view of a comp arison with the A/P languages: CHARI' 9: PERSON/NUMBER INDICAT ORS IN BIRD' S HEAD LANGUAGES Kanda Jahadian Kamp . Baru Puragi 1 sg. n n n n 2 sg. 0 0 0 0 3 sg. b, 9 w, 9 w, nd nd Lexi cal Evi dence . In the ab ove mentioned papers published by Cowan I found only twenty-one Jahadian words , twenty Konda words , twenty Kamp ong Baru words and nineteen words from Puragi . A comparison with the Alor/ Pant ar group and the Timor group resulted in the following cognates : A/P - T - IJ : moon, fire/firewood, berry, water, bird, to eat, tooth, house , brood, one . AlP IJ mouth, to drink. moon (item 51) Konda suro, Jahadian huro. See lists: 1-14, 17-24, 28-32 , 34-36 . fire/firewood (?) (item 39 ) Konda ucua , ucia, Jahadian tua. See lists : 1-14, 20-36 . berry (item 23) Konda toro, Jahadian tor. See lists : 4-14, 17-19 , 22 , 25-30, 33 (?), 34, 35 (?), 36. water (item 34) Jahadian hede , hode , Kampong Baru sa?u (?). See lists: 1-14 , 17-36 . bird (?) (item 47) Jahadian a. See lists: 1-8, 23-25, 27-34, 36 . to eat (item 57) Konda no(o) , Jahadian no, Kampong Baru ning, Puragi ning. See lists : 1-9 , 14, 23 (?), 24-27, 33 (?), 36 . to drink (item 58) Konda no(o) , Jahadian no. See lists: 9-14, 17-21, 23, 24, 27-34 . tooth (item 18 ) Kampong Baru (ere) sino, Konda wes i 'head ' , Jahadian wehe 'head'. See lists : 1-6 , 7 (?), 8-14, 17-27, 28-31 (?), 33 (?), 34, 36. 26 mouth (item 12) Konda pa, Jahadian pa, Puragi aiba. See lists: 1-3, 5, 6, 8-10, 13, 14, 22-26, 28-32 . house (item 38) Konda oba , Jahadian o. See lists: 4-7, 10 , 13, 14, 20-24, 36. one (item 62) Kampong Baru onate, Puragi moonada. See lists: 1-14, 17-36. \ bLood (item 79 ) Jahadian wa, Konda uwa . See lists: 1-34, 36 . to come (item 83) Jahadian a-mo! , Konda imoro! See lists: 1-4, 6-8, 11-14, 17, 19-21, 23-28, 32-36 . to go (item 91) Puragi owei r a!, Konda uworo! , Kampong Baru owe ! See lists : 1, 27-28, 30 , 34 . 8. CONCLUSION With the exception of the Alor language , the languages spoken on Alor and Pantar are related with the non-Austrones ian languages in Timor. The material provided in Section 7 offers evidence for the validity of the hypothesis concerning a relat ionship of these languages with Konda , Jahadian, Kampong Baru, Puragi (Bird's Head (Vogelkop ) Irian Jaya) : The Alor-Pantar languages form a closely related group within Cowan's West Papuan Phylum. 9 27 10 9. WORD L I STS ENGLISH I. body 40 . fish 79. blood 2. head 4I . garden 80 . bone 3. forehead 42. fence 8l . cloud 4. hair 43. banana (fruit) 82 . cold 5. ear 44 . tree/wood 83. to come 6. eye 45. animal 84. dead/to die 7. tear 46. chicken 85. dog 8. nose 47. bird 86. dry 9. nostril 48. egg 87. to fly 10 . mucus 49 . pig 88. housefly lI. cheek 50. sun 89 . frui t 12 . mouth 5I. moon 90. to gi ve 13· Zip 52 . rain 9l. to go 14. oral cavity 53. island 92. good 15. voice 54. moun tain 93. fa t/grease 16 . language 55. stone 94. ground 17. tongue 56. ri ce (husked/in fi eld) 95. knee 18. tooth 57. to eat 96. leaf 19 . chin 58. to drink 97. long 20. neck 59 . to sit 98. louse 2I. chest 60 . to sleep 99. meat 22. breasts 61. to beat 100. nail/claw 23· stomach 62 . one 10l. new 24. nave l 63. two 102 . night 25. back 64 . three 103 . path 26. sh oulder 65. four 104. red 27. leg/foot 66. five 105. root 28. hand/arm 67 . six 106. sand 29. skin 68. se ven 107. to see 30 . name 69 . eight 108. small 3I. man/male 70. nine 109. smoke 32 . woman/female 71. ten 1l0 . to stand 33· child 72 . twenty llI. star 34. water 73. one hundred 112. warm 35. fa ther 74. two hundred 113. white 36. mother 75. thousand 114. win d 37. fr iend 76. ash es 115. I see the snake 38. house 77. big 116. the snake sees me 39. fire/firewood 78 . black 117. snake 28 BAHASA INDONESIA 1- badan 40. ikan 79 . darah 2. kepala 4l. kebon 80 . tulang 3. test a/dah i 42 . pagar 8l . awan 4. rambut 43. pisan 9 82. ding i n 5. telinga 44. pohon/kayu 83. datang 6. mata 45. binatang 84. mati/men inggal 7. ai r mata 46. ayam 85 . anj ing 8. hidung 47. burung 86. kering 9. lobang hidung 48. te lor 87. te rbang 10 . I n gus 49 . babl 88 . I a I at 11 . plpl 5 0. mataharl 89 . buah 12. mu lut 5l. bulan 90. memberikan 1 3· bib I r 52. huj an 9l. pe rg I 14. dalam mulut 53. pulau 92. baik 15· sua ra 54. 9 un un 9 93. gemuk 16. bahasa 55. batu 94. tanah 1 7· I I dah 56. beras/padi 95. lutut 18. glgl 57. makan 96 . daun 19 · dagu 58. ml num 97. panjang 20. leher 59 . duduk 98. kutu 2l. dada 60 . tldur 99 . daglng 22. sus u 6l. pukul 100. kuku 2 3· pe rut 62 . satu 10l. baru 24. pus at 63. dua 102 . ma lam 25· bel akang 64 . tiga 103. jalan 26. bah u 65. empat 104. me rah 27· kaki 66 . I i rna 105 . akar 28. tangan 67. enam 106 . pasir 29. ku lit 68. t uj uh 107 . Iihat 30. nama 69. de l apan 108 . kec i I 31- laki-Iaki 70. semb i Ian 109 . asap 32 . pe re mpuan 7l. sepuluh 110. berdi ri 33· anak 72 . duapuluh 111- bintang 34. air 73. se rat us 112. panas 35. bapak 74 . duaratus 113. putih 36. i bu 75. seri bu 114. angin 37. kawan 76. ab u 115. s aya Iihat ular 38. rumah 77. besar 116. ular I i hat saya 39. api /kayu bakar 78. hitam 117. u I a r 29 l. LAMMA (KALONDAMA) 1- n'abuka 40. k'e?e/h ' apu 79 . way 2. na?aul)k'ul 41- b' unn i 80 . k'a?al 3. nas"ulkul 42 . p'agar 81- b' una1 4. na?al)w ' aya 43. magg 'ul 82 . d'agga 5. n'auwa l 44. ut t ' u 83. rna 6. nay' it i 45 . bin'atal) 84. h' i nna 7. hina ?'aw 46. s'e yku 85. y'abbal 8. n'ammi 47. har'al 86 . s' i sa 9. n"ammib'aqa 48. t'aku 1 87. h' i lal) 10 . k'uuka 49. bay 88. h'ubbul II. nutt'al 50. 'tiw1 as ' 89 . h'issa? 12 . nay 5l. whu1 90. n al) g' ina (I give him) 13. n'elas 52 . h'ayya 91- wa 14. nayg' aw ma 1 53. moo 92 . 'akku 15 . n'amma 54. k'ukka 93· 'ora 16 . nab'er 55. (tI)wh ' a 1 94. moo 17. nal 'ebul 56 . m"arub 'aqa II 95. n"awta 'ukka 18 . nus' , i I) 57. na 96 . w'aya 19 . n'aw a r 58 . ba?'ay 97. t'eena 20. n'ebal 59. mi s s' 98. h'amil) 2I. n'eera 60 . ti?'al) 99 . k'e? i 22 . h'awul) 6I. kawl) 100 . k' us i 23. n'00 1 i 62 . n'ukku 101- sub'a?a 24. nat'u?al 6 3 . hal ' aku 102 . ' ul)me 25. n'aw ru 64 . t' i ga 10 3. ya 26. nam'aqar 65 . ut 'uh 10 4. ' i j a/ ' i ya 27. n 'awta 66. y'eSSLI) 10 5. harr 28. n'attal) 67 . hiss'n'aku 106 . s'u?urr 29 . nak ' ul i 68 . b"eltal 'aku 107. n'aka 30 . n'amal 69 . b'eltiga 108 . k' isal ) 31 - h'ammu 70 . n"ukut ' an al) 109. b'unna 32 . ?eW 71. kaln'uku 1l0 . n'atta 33. n'uqqal 72. kal 'aku llI. hibb' i 34 . h II'a 73. r'atu 112 . t'ukka 35. n' i ba 74. r"at uhal 'aku 113. m'eeka 36 . niy'aw(h) 75. r' i b u 114 . dag ' el) 37. w'aqqal 76 . d'aggul) 115 . n al) d' uwal) gin'aka 38. ba I'a 77. 'ora 116 . d' uw al) gal) n in'aka 39 . ar' a 78. 'ena 117 . d'uwal) 30 2. LAMMA (MAUTA/TUBAL ) 1. nab 'uka 40. k'e?e 7 9. way 2. na?'ul)ki 41. b'unn i 80 . k'e?e 3. nassak'i 42 . p'aga r 81 . 'unnas 4. na?ul)w'aya 43. m' agg i 82 . m'aba 5. nauwew 'aya 44. y'attu 83. rna 6. nceyt" i 45. bin'atan 84 . h'inna 7. n ceyt" i an ' 3 46. suw'aki 85. j'abbe ' 8. namak ' ow 47. harr'e 86 . 5 i i sa 9. namat 'u?il) 48. r'eeku 87. h' iiIal) 10 . namaka r' 0 49 . bay 88. h' i b i 11. n'awa r 50 . was 89 . h' issa 12 . ncey 51 . hi i 9 0. nal) m' agan i (I give him) 13. nal"epk'iJli 52 . hay'a 91. 5 i 14. nceyg'ome 53. po r 92 . akk 'u ' 15 . n'amma 5 idda? 54. k' ukka 93. akk ' u/kaw 'ata 16 . nayb ' i ral) 55. auuw'eh 94. moo 17 . nal 'ebu 56 . �"allahab 'ooga 95. 'ukka 18 . n aw ' as i I) 57. na 96. w'aya 19 . n"aw ark'e?e 58. bay 97. t'ena 20. n'eba 59 . m' isY I) 98. h'ammi l) 21. na?'a 60 . t' Pal) 99. k'e?e 22. n'ayal) 61. w'akkal) 100 . k' us i 23. nab'ux 62 . han 'uku 101. sab'Pa 24. nito?h'e 63. hal 'aku 102 . 'irpatta (p'at ta=dark ) 25. naruk'e?e 64. at 'iga 103. I'ama r 26. nam'akar 65 . at 'u 104 . 'Pa 27. n aw t ' a (h) 66 . y'asil) 105 . arr 28. natt'al) 67. s(a )n'akul) 106 . 5 ' i?ir 29. nceYl)k' iIi 68. be (a) I'aku 107 . n'ekar 30 . nayn' inu 69 . bet'iga 10 8. k ' alIa 31. h'ammuk"al la 70. (h)anukt ' annal) 109 . ban 'okal) 32 . euwb 'aha 71. kenn'uku 110 . nat ' ar 33. neynaw'ake 72 . ke l'aku Ill. 'ibb i 34. hal 'ee 73. har'atu 112 . taw' akka 35. n'isar 74. ratul 'aku 113. m' eeka 36 . niw 75. har' ibu 114 . dag' LI) 37 . nayw ' akke 76. m' obaro 115 . nal) d'uwal) gan 'ekar 38 . b a II'a 77. 'ara 116 . d'uwal) nan'ekar 39 . ra 78. 'ana 117 . d'uwal) 31 3. LAMMA (BIANGWALA) 1 . nab 'uka 40 . hap 79 . way 2. na? 'Ciwl)k i 4l. b' unn I 80 . n'el)ke?e/n ' el)qa?al 3. n as s ' i k i 42. th 'ar al) 81. 'unas 4. na?5I)w 'aya 43. m' agg i 82 . m'aba/d 'agga 5. naw ' e (waya) 44. y'attu 83. ma 6. n'ayt i 45. 84. h' i nna 7. han 'aw 46. s'oki 85 . yab'e? 8. nammak 'aw 47. ar ' e 86 . s' i sa 9. nammat ?'uil) 48. r'eku 87. h'i I al) 10 . nammak a r' 0 49 . b'ayY 88. h' i bb i 11. n 'awa r 50. wess 89 . h' i sa 12 . n'ayi 51. hi i 90. naYI) ma gan ' i (I give him) 13 . ne l"epk ' iIi 52 . hay'a 91. s i • ye l 14. nam ' i k i 53. k' ukka 92 . 'akku 15 . n'amma 54 . b'akkur 93. 'akku/kaw'ata 16 . be r/b' ira 55. ha' uwe 94. moo 1 7. na lebdal 'a?a 56. h"a lab'oka/h 'ala 95. na' uta "ukka 18. naw'asil) 57. na 96. w'aya 19 . n'awar 58. ba? 'ay 97. t'ena 20. n'eba 59 . m' is i ng 98. h'amm LI) 21. n'a?a 60 . t' i al) 99 . k'e?e 22 . hal) 61. kal) 100. k' us i 23. n'abbu 62 . han ' uku 101- sab' i?a 24. nit' ue 6 3. hal'a ku 102 . irp'atta 25. naur' uke?e 64. at ' i ga 103. ya 26. nam'akar 6 5. at 'uu 104. ' i ? a 27. n'auta 66. y'asil) 105 . harr 28. n'attal) 67. hisn 'akul) 106. s' j?i r 29. k' i IIi 68. betal 'aku 107. n'eka 30 . n' L n u 69 . bet' i g a 108. k'ala/ k' i sal) 3l. h'amu 70. hanukt ' anal) 109 . b'una 32 . 'eu 71 . ken ' uku 1l0 . nat'arr 33. w' akke 72 . ke ll 'aku 111. h' i b i 34. ha I' i i 7 3. r"atu(n'uku) /r"atu('ye) 112. ar' uga/taw'akka 35 . n' issar 74. r"at uhal 'aku 113. m'oka 36. n'iyu(h) 75. ribun ' uku/ribuy'e 114 . dag ' i I) 37 . t' a IIe 76 . m' obo ro 115 . n al) d' uw al) ga n 'eka 38. biiI' a 77. 'ara 116 . d'uw al) nan 'eka 39 . ha r' a 78. 'ana 117. d' uw al) 32 4. TEWA (DEING) 1. nab ' ak- 40. haf 79 . way 2. na?al)k'ul 41. mah ' a r 80. ki rr 3. n'eyt tikti 42 . n 'atE r 81. uun'is 4. na?al)w'a 43. m'agE 82 . ka? ' iyaw 5. naw'arwa? 44. tay 83. maa 6. n'eyTtu 45. 84. mi n 7. neytka? ' ar 46. sah 'a? 85. J;)w' arr 8. nam' il)bul 47 . da I 86 . 5 i is 9. nami I) b ' aaq 48. t'ag?E 87. jir'al) 10 . nami l)kx' ur 49 . bay 88. w' ub i r 11. naradg ' al) 50. war 89 . y is' 12 . nah ' ;) - ;) 51. wur 90. nal) mag' l yel) (I give him) 13. na?art'ub- 52. ha I 91. ya? 14. nah ';)sbaak- 53. p;) r r 92 . qx' a?aw 15. nam' ax 54. k?uk?m'ugul) 93. 'uuwad./k'aut 16 . natar'a 55. (u)w'ar 94. mux 17 . n'Eleh 56. rahb ' ax/har'a 95 . ku? u 18. naw'as al) 57. na 96. w' a ? 19 . n ah aw ' i r 58 . aw 'a 97. t' iyan 20 . n'EwEh 59 . mi ss' 98. k' ual) 21. nEq'al 60. t j? 99. d'agil) 2 2. nah ' al) 61. puss 100. k'upit 2 3. nat ' a? 62 . n uk 101. zib 2 4. n;)t 'ay 63. ra I 102. bEES 2 5. nEs'ibal) 64. tig 103. w'uti r (path )/t;)r (road) 2 6. nEm'aqE r 65 . ut 104. i i? 2 7 . nEw'at- 66 . as 'an 105. rrak 2 8. n'at tal) 67. tE I'a ?an 106. ';)lis' 2 9. nak ' uwa 68. juwa sar' ak- 107. bi l/r' a kar 30. nal ' ud 69 . 5 al) t ' i 9 108. k;)n ' ;)51) 31 . m' ass ir 70. sal)' ut 109. buun 32 . amakk 'Er 71. qarn ' uk- 110 . taas 33. nawuk? ' E 72. qarr' a k - 111. y if 34. j i r 73. rat un ' uk- 112. ;);)x 35. n'awu 74. ratur'ak- 113. mi y'ak- 36. nax' ay 75. s'alaknuk- 114. max' i-il) 37. nab ' \b- 76 . dam' ann 115. nal) d'ammA gar'akar 38. bEh 77. 'uuwa d 116 . d'amA nar'akar 39 . a r r 78. qx' a?an 117 . d'amA 33 5. TEWA (MADAR) l. nab 'ak 40. half 79 . way 2. n:J? ' :Jl)kul 4l. me h 'alr 80. na?' al)kir 3. nes'iki r 42 . 'uwa 81. man ' a?ab 4. n:J? ' :Jnwa 43. m:J h' uyl) 82 . i rq xi?'aw 5. n uw ' a rwa 44. tay 83. do. 6. n'etbag 45. 84. m' ina 7. n"e-etka? 'ar 46. seh'a? 85. yeb 'ar 8. nef' inbui 47 . day 86. s' is 9. nef' inbak 48. t:J:Jf 87. y i r' an 10 . nef' inkur 49 . bay 88. hub,'ar 1l. nafah ' uye r 50. uw 'ar g"et- 89 . yiss 12 . na-ab 'ak 5l. wur 90 . n'ama mah ':J1) (I give him) 13. ne-ertub 'an 52 . h L 1 9l. 9 i 14. na-ab 'ak 53. i i d 92 . kau 15. na-as ' i 54. yeh'L 93· kut/tam'a 16 . nata r'awu 55. warr 94. m:Jh ':J? 17. naf' iIi 56. rax 95. nab,'atgu 18. nus ' anbal) 57. ' in ah 96. wa 19 . n"awusab 'a? 58. uf' a? 97. tiy'an 20. net 'ah�kir 59. mey' is 98. k:>w 'an 2l. neb ':Jg 60. t i 99. d'ag LI)/hum'an 22. nah 'am 6l. pur'as 100 . kur'ass 23. net':J? 62 . n uk 10l. sib 24. n ':J:Jrt:J? i 63. rak 102 . ' i rka?an 25. nes 'ef ki r 64. ye r' i 9 103. t:J:J r (road) /hit' ar (path) 26. nediy'a?er 65. ?ut 104 . i i" 27. naf' at 66. Y:Js 'an 105 . r:Jk 28. nat 'an 67. tiy'am 106 . ees 29. na?lIankuw'ay 68. y'esarak 107 . b iI'i 30 . n'ayid 69. y'esnerig 108. saam 3l . mas 'ar 70. y'esne?ut 109 . b uun 32 . nak'ar 7l. kaarn 'uk 1l0 . tup'antas 33. n':>kay 72. kar'ak lll. yib- 34. y i r 7 3· r'atun uk 112 . wa r':Jk 35 . n:Jm'a ? 74. r'aturak 113. miy'ak 36 . nahel'a? 75 . r' ibnuk 114 . irqxiy'aw 37 . nab ' if 76. d i i 115 . n o. d'am ges 'ar 38. yaf 77. ':Jad. 116 . dam n'esar 39 . heer':J:Jr 78. qx' a?an 117 . dam 34 6. TEWA (LEBANG) 1- nab'ak 40. haf 79 . uw ' ay 2. no?' ol)kul 4l. ml1h 'ar 80. k i r 3. nas'ikir 42. uw ' a 8l. man ' af 4. no?5l)w'a 43. m'ohi 82 . qx'eyaw 5. naw'aruwa 44. tey 83. rna 6. n'e:t-bag 45. 84. mi n 7. ne:t-k'a?ar 46. sah'a? 85. Jif' arr 8. nafimb'uy 47. dey 86. s' i is' � . 9. nafimb'ak 48. to f 87 . J I r 10 . nafimk'ur 49· bay 88. uf'ar ll . nlHuh ' oy 50. w'ar get- 89 . ku 12 . na 5l. wur 90. 'ama nam' iyan (he gives me) 13. n'e:?e:r 52. hal 9l. 9 i 14 . nag 'om 53. i i d- 92. qxaw 15 . n'aas i 54. muug- 93· k?ut- 16 . nat�r'awu 55. wa r 9 4. mah ',,? 17 . na I' i fi 56. rah/rax 95. naf'atk.uu 18. n'usan 57. 'ina 96. wa? 19 . nawsaf'a 58. huf'a ? 97. t' i yan 20 . namay 'oke:y 59 . mi is 98. k'u?an 2l. n'e:e:boog 6 0. tj? 99 . ko? 22. n'a?ham 6l. o'a? 100 . kur'as 23. nat 'o? 62 . nuk 10l. sib- 24. noo rto? 'oy 6 3. rak 102. 'iqa?an 25 . nasib'an 64. y i r' i 9 103. te:w'ar 26. nadiy'a? 65. ud-/ud. 104. i i? 27. naf'at- 66. yus'an 105 . rok 28. nat 'an 67. t' I yam 106. e:e:s 29. na?ankuw'e:y 68. y'e:sarak- 107. sar 30 . n'ayit- 6 9. y"e:snir' ig 108 . sam 31. maz'ar 70. ye:sn ' u?ud- 109 . b uun 32 . aq ' a r 7l. k'arnuk- 110 . t aas 33. nok 'ay 72 . k'arak- Ill. y if 34. yi r 73. r"atun'uk- 112. og 35 . n'oma? 74. r"atur'ak- 113. mey 'ak 36 . nah'ala 75 . r" lbun ' uk- 114. h'Enar 37 . n'adan (nai r) 76. d?i 115 . na dam g as 'ar 38 . yaf 77. wwad 116 . dam nas 'ar 39 . har 78. qx'a?an 117. dam 35 7. TEWA (SARGANG) 1- nab 'ak 40 . haf 79 . naw ' ay 2. no?5l)k 'ul 41 - mah 'ar 80 . na?al)kirr 3. nas ik' i r 42 . uw ' a? 81- man ' a?af 4. no? ' onwa 43. muh'ul 82 . i rqx i? 'aw 5. naw' arwa 44. tay 83. ma 6. ne:d-b 'ak 45. 84. min'a 7. ne:d-j 'ir 46. sah'a? 85. yef 'ar 8. namil)kar'os 47. dal 86 . 5 i is 9. ne:mil)b'ak 48. to f 87. ' i ra 10. ne:mil)k'ur 49 . bay 88 . huf'arA lI . naw' e: r 50 . (u)w'a s 89 . y iss' 12 . nah 'os 51- wur 90. n'ama gam 'eyan (I give him) 13. ne:? 'e:r 52 . hal 9l. giy'a? 14. nah"osb'ak 53. po r 92 . qxaw 15. nam'an 54. muug 93. kut/tam'a 16 . ta r' a 55. (u)w'ar 94. moh 'o? 17. nal 'e:fay 56 . r'a hdik /ar'ax 95 . nav'atgu 18. naw ' an 57. in'a 96 . wa 19 . naw ' e:e:r 58 . fo? 97. tiy'an 20. nam'al)e:e:r 59 . miss ' 98. n'ol)kuwa 2I. n'e:bog- 60. ti? 99 . ko?na 22. hal) 6 1- wa? 100 . kur'ass 23· nat 'o? 62. n uk 101- 5 i b 24. no rt ' o?oy 6 3. rak 102 . ' i rka?an 25. nas'ibe:e:r 64. ye:t 'ig u 103. t ' oho r (road)/it'arr (path ) 26. nat ' al)e:e:r 65. ut- 104. i i? 27. naf'ad 66. y'awan 105 . rok 28. nat ' al) 6 7. t'ayal) 106 . e:e:s 2 9. nal)kuw'e:l 6 8. yise:r'ak 107 . b i 1 30. n'alud- 69. nat ' i k 108. saam 3I. masa? 'ar 70. yina' ut 109 . buun 32 . aqq'ar 7I. q'arnuk 1l0 . tukat'aas 33. n'okay 72. qarr'ak llI. yib 34. jLr/j ir/y ir 7 3· ratun 'uk 112 . wa r'ok 35 . ne:m' anna 74. ratur'a k 113. miy'aq 36 . na Hi I'a 75. ribun'uk 114. irqxiy'aw 37. na? ' uy/nad' al) 76. d i 115 . na dam bi l/na dam gas ' ar 38. yaf 77. u'ad. 116 . dam n'amb i 1 39 . har 78 . k'a?an 117 . dam 36 8. NEDEBANG 1. ne-emb' aka 40. 'afi I) 79. Will 2. n":>-:>I)k ' :>ta 41. may 'ara 80. k' iIi 3. nas 'iy a 42 . b'adi 81. h'undas 4. nUl) w 'a?a 43. may 82 . max'afu 5. n:>w'a?a 44. te 83. 'anna 6. natab ' aga 45 . 84. m' ina 7 . nat' ug?a 46 . s i y' aqa 85. barr 8. naf'enih 47. d'aya 86 . c' i ci 9. naf" enixb'aka 48 . t'ay'j 87. h' ilI a? 10 . memi x'ola 49 . be 88 . h' i fu 11. n:>r':>1) 50. w' e r i 89 . h' i ci 12 . na?ab 'aqa 51. 'ula 9 0. nal) ma g'ena (I give him) 13. nay ' aka 52 . 'a la 91. g' iya 14. na'agAMI 53. k':>k a 92 . qx'awa 15. n'amal) 54. m' uga 93. ' ada/gaqw 'ata 16. neb'i ral) 55. uw 'ala 9 4. t a I ' a q xa 17. nel'efu 56. k'a ra 95. 'uku 18. n"yus il)b ' aga 57. 'ina(h) 96. w'a?a 19 . n'awa 58. aw 'a?a 97. t'enu 20. nefik'ili 59 . m' is i 98. k'uya 21. n e - e tub' u ma 60 . 99. d'aXLI)/b ':>? :> 22. n'eami 61. emb ' ug i 100. k'ucil) 23. n:>t ' :>?:> 62. n'uku 101. saf'a?a 24. ner"ufi g'ata 63. ar' aku 102 . i Iqx' an/" i laqx' ana 25. n uw ' a 64. t'agu 103. y'iya (path ) /t:>:> r (road) 26. nes iy'ala 65. 'uutu 104 . , j?i h 27. n'aya 66 . y'es il) 105. h'alih 28. nat ' al) 67. tiy'ama 106. iy'asi 2 9 . ne-' el)wak-/ne-el)w 'aka 68 . sar'aku 107. s'arru 30 . n'eenu 69 . sat'agu 108 . s'amma/pef'e?e/qxw'aka 31. y'eqa m:> f'e?e 70 . Is 'UtU 109 . b'una 32 . a I aq , a ma 71. kan ' uku 110 . t'as i 33. n:>w'aqa 72 . k'araku 111. hTfuy' :> ya 34. hi I'a 73. r"atun 'uku 112 . 'agga 35 . nam ' al) 74. r"atur'aku 113. miy'akka 36 . n' uwa 75 . r" ibun'uku 114 . h'al) i 37. id'ena 76. d'amal) 115. nal) d'ama gas 'arru 38 . nays ' e 77. 'ada 116. d'ama nas ' arru 39 . 'ara 78 . qx'ana 117 . d'ama 37 9. BLAGAR (BAKALANG) 1- n£b'oqxa 40. ab 79· wey 2. n'OOl)kul 41- i 1 80. k' ira 3. n' abal) 42 . I'apax 8I. ban'aw 4. n'ol)wa 4 3 . m'ogul 82 . qx' iw i 5. n£w'£ki r 44. t£ 83 . da 6. n££1) 45 . bin'anta 84. m' ina 7. n££1) (h) 'unul) 46. s'aY�I)/s 'aY�1) 85 . J'abar 8. n' i mi I) 47. dUI) 86 . taqx' ata 9. n"imil)b' axa 48. dog 87. 1 ' i r i 10 . nil i mi I) h ' is i I) 49 . be 88 . w' aW E r 11- naw 'ayra 50 . w£d- 89 . ' is i 12. n'aayT 5I. 'uru 90. nal) mig'£na (I give him) 13. na?£tupa 52 . 'onor 91- ge 14. nayTg 'omi 5 3 . porr 92. 'ayul) 15. n'amal) 54. b'uku 93. '£1 £ 16 . n'£sur 55 . wa r 94. m' £x£ 17. n£dz '£bur 56 . mod-m'omal)/mod- 9 5. n£nk ' uku 18. n£w'£ssil) 57. na 96. wa 19. n'awa 58. na 97. w'£nil) 20 . n'a tay 59 . m' is i 98. k'ubal) 21- n' ukal) 60. t' i ya 99 . d'ag�1) 22 . n'££tu 61- k' up i 100 . k' us i I) 23. not 'oku 62 . n uk 10l . s' i ba 24. nup'usar 63. ?'akur 102 . y£y'ana 2 5. nom'ota 64. t'ug£ 103. (h) , i ga 2 6. nab 'agat- 65. ut 104. p'£na 2 7. n' i vax 66 . ' isi I) 105 . b r' i k � I) 2 8. n'atal) 67. t'ayal) 106 . was 29. n'£kol 68. ( i ) t ' itu 107. I'al a 30. n'££nu 69 . tuw'akur 108 . k' i k i 3I. (sa )m'£sal 70 . tuk ur' inuk 109 . ban ' axa 32 . (sa)y'ayul) 7I. qxarn 'uk 1l0 . t' as i i 3 3 · n'oqxal 72 . qxa rak 'ur llI. i d. 34. dZE r 73. (a) r'atunuk/r'atu 112 . w'ara 35. n' i mal) 74. (a) r'atuwakur 113. m' £xa 36. n'iwa 75 . r' i b un uk 114 . '£nar 37. n'£s£ ra 76 . m'oro 115. nan d'um �1) I'al a 3 8. ma 77. '£1£ 116. d'um�1) nan I'al a 39 . ad- 78. h'ana 117. d'um�1) 38 10 . BLAGAR (LlMARAHING ON PURA) 1 . neb' oha 40 . hab- 79 . n ew ' e 2. nool) 4I. b= i I 80 . nek' ira 3. n'apal) 42 . I'ap a 8I. ban'aw 4. nOl) v 'a 43. moo I 82 . k'e?ewi 5. naw ' e r 44. te? 83 . h'o ?a 6. nel) 45. bin'anta 84. i m' ina 7 · nel)'5no 46. h' al) i 85 . j , ab u r 8. nam' i I) 47. dUI) 86 . t'a?ata 9. namil)b 'or 48. d'uwa 87. i r' i r i 10 . nami I) S ' i I) 49 . be 88 . w'awa r 1l . nad ' Ul) 50 . ved- 89 . ' i p i 12 . nay 5l. u r' uh 90. n'ama 'ayil) 'enal) (I give him) 13. neb='ar 52 . an 'uaar 9I. 'ila 14 . nay'omi 53. po r 92. ' aUI) 15 . nam' al 54. do l 93. k' uta 16. neh 'ur 55 . var 94. m' ekke 17 . nats 'abur 56. mod- 'ara/'ara 95. niy'akuku 18. nav'ehil) 57 . na' adal) 96. fa 19 . nav' a 58. na 97. ew 'enil) 20. n'obo 59 . m' i h i I) 98. k'ubal) 2l. nad ' iyar/n ' ual) 60. t' i ya 99. ' umul) 22. nek'ono 6l. b'uwe 100. kus ' i I 23. nat 'ow 62 . nu 10I. b'aru 24. napuw'ar 63. h'a ru 102. b= i I k'uwa 25. nam'otta 64. t'uwe 103. w' iya 26. nab= 'eya 65. but'a 104. b= ' i b=i 27. n' i ya 66. h' isi I) 105. b i r' i k i I) 28. n'atal) 67. t'a I i I) 106. b= 'ahi 29. neb uw ' a r 68. bit' itu 107. e t'e ?il) 30 . n'ene 69. tu'aru 108. k' i k i 3I. (neh ' e) m' eha I 70 . tur' inu 109 . ban 'au 32 . (neh ' e) dz ' al)u 7l. ar' inu 110 . t'ahi 33. n'oal 72 . ari 'aru 11I. i d- 34. dz a r 73. rat 'unu 112 . (b=i l)b'ara 35 . n' i mal) 74. ratuh ' aru 113 . maz 'a?a 36 . n' iva 75 . rib'unu 114 . en 'ear 37 . s ' e ral) 76. m' ekke 115 . na d'um�1) et 'e?�1) 38 . h'a va 77 . 'e I e 116 . d'um�1) nae t 'e? � I) 39 . had- 78. ka? 'ana 117. d' um� I) 39 11. BLAGAR (RETTA ON PURA) l . nab 'oga 40. ?ab 79 . navle 2. nab= I I hal) 4l. "1 1ad'akal 80. ta 111a 3. nlyaw 'akal 42. 11apak 8l. b'ano 4. n£b"l al)wl£1 43. m'oga l 82. bab I I 1 a 5. naw I £ 1 I 44. te 83. rna 6. n£1) 45. bln'anta 84. am i Ina 7. n£l)dz 'al 46. hlb 85 . J'obal 8. naml ylal) 47. ad ' ual) 86 . tlattl 9. naml ylal)b"ugul 48. d'uag 87. 11 I la 10 . namlylal)s ll) 49 . bhe 88. va11 I ya 1 1l. n I adUI) 50. v I I t- 89 . hi 12 . nag- 5l. luru 90. nal) ml lya mag l £nal) (I give him) 1 3 . n'obo l 52 . ?ay 91- I J£ma/l1 ama 14. nagluml 53. pa 11I ka 92. nluwa 15. nlamal) 54. ad I ua 1 93. k'upar/t 'amal 16 . nah'ur 55. wa l 94 . m'£kk£ 17. naj 'abur 56. ha 11ak 95. nly'aka b = ul) 18. naw'£hal) 57. k I £ d£ 96 . v£ 1 19 . n'awah 58. na 97. av l£nll) 20. nab 'oga 59 . mlh'a 9 8. b=al) 21- nab ' ukal) 60 . taa 99 . h'umul) 22. nak 'ono 6l. h ab 'a 100 . k'ookll) 23. n'otok- 62 . I ann u 10l. h'aba 24. nap ' uwalg£1) 63. I alow 102 . kak' uwa 25 . namotah I £dz£ 1 64. at l oga 103. Wi Iyag- 26. nab ' eyi3k- 65. lutta 104. at 1£ n I I) 27. nly'aka 66. aw 'oh al) 105 . bar I I k I I) 28. n I at al) 67. tal l aUI) 106 . b=at- 29. nab='ual 68. bltlt'oga 107. luI 11)/ I £ 1 I 30. nan 'eh 69 . tu 11a 10 108. ol/kak ' I rl 31- lamu 70 . tuk'anu 109 . b'ona 32. h I I ya 1 7l. kar'anu 110 . ma t I ee 33. nav'al 72 . kar'alow 11l . I d. 34. dzal/d z' lal 73. ratulanu 112 . t I utul)/pal 1 oha 35. n I I mal) 74 . ratu'alow 113. ab='al 36 . n I Iwa 75 . rlbu'ana 114 . I£a l) 37 . k'aku 76. mloro 115 . n al) mOl) 9 I £ 1 I 38. ee 77. b=al 116 . mOl) n I £ 1 I 39 . ad- 78. Ianni 117 . mOl) 40 12. BLAGAR (RETTA ON TERNATE) 1 - nab '::>ga 40. ?ab 79 . naw'e 2. nab= ' i hal) 41- "i lad'aka l 80 . natal 'a 3. niyetf' akal 4 2. l'etpak 8l . ban '::>w 4. nEb" i al)W 'El 43. m'::>gal 82 . m'::>bu 5. naw'El 44. te 83. ma 6. n'eYI) 45. bin'anta 84. am' ina 7. n'eYl)getdz ial 46. hib 85 . J '::>b a 1 8. nami y'al) 47. ad' ual) 86 . t'atti 9. netmi y"al)b ' ugur 48. d' uag 87 . 1 i 1 'a? 10. nami y'al)s il) 49 . bhe 88. va 1 i 'a1 1l. nad' Uf) 50 . vid- 89 . 12 . naag- 51- 'uru 90. nal) m' iya mag ' Enal) (I give 13. nat '::>b::> l 52 . ?ay 9l. J ' E met him) 14. nagg 'umi 53. pa l' i ka 92. nuw 'a 15. n'amal) 54. ad' u al 93. hup'ar /tam' al 16 . neth'ur 55. w'al 94. m' E kkE 17 . nal 'Ebur 56. hal ' ak 95. n'iy aka b=ul) 18. naf'Ehal) 57. k' E dE 96 . WE 1 19 . n::>::>t- 58. na 97. netw'Enif) 20. n'afak 59 . mih'a 98. p=al) 21. nab= 'ukal) 60. taa 99 . um ' Uf) 22. n a k'::>n::> 6l. h etb ' a 100 . bh'il) 2 3. n'::>t::>k 62. 'annu 101- b'a ru 24. napuw ' al 63. 'etlow 102 . i lkak ' uwa 2 5. nam' ::>ta 64. at ' ::>ga 103. lam'al 26. nab= 'eyak- 65. 'uttet 104. b= 'ib =a 2 7. niy'aket 66 . aw '::>h al) 105. betr' ikil) 28. n'atal) 67. ta l'aUI) 106 . b=at- 29 . nab= ' ua 1 68. bitit'::>ga 107. u l' i I) 30 . nan 'Eh 69 . tu l'a 1::> 108. ::>1 3l. 'amu 70 . tuk'anu 109 . ad.b'::>na 32 . h' i ya 1 7l. kar 'anu 110. mat 'e 33· nav'al 72 . kar' a low 11l. � d. 34 . dz ' i a 1 73. rettu'anu 112. t'utUI) 35 . nim' al) 74. ra tu'a low 113. hab,'al 36 . n if' et 75 . ribu'ana 114 . 'Eal) 37 . k'aku 76. m'::>r::> 115 . naf) m::>::>f) g' Eli 38. ee 77. b=al 116 . m::>::>1) n'Eli 39 . ad. 78. 'anni 117 . m::>::>f) 41 13. BLAGAR (APURI ON PURA) 1 . n E b'oa 40. hab- 79 . n'E wE/n ' EvE 2. nOOI) 41- b= i I/b=i r 80 . nEk' ira 3. n'appal) 42. I'apa 81- ben ' aw/b 'anow 4. nool)w'a 43. moo l 82. kE?' EW i lkaJ ' avi 5. nab . 'Er 44. tE 83. rna 6. nEI) 45 . bin'anta 84. i m' ina 7. nEl)' OnO 46 . h'al)i 85 . j , ab a r 8. nam' i I) 47. dUI) 86 . ta?ata 9. nam' il)bor 48. d'uwa 87. i r' i r i 10 . nam' is i I) 4 9 . bE 88 . w'awa r 11- nad 'ul) 50. WEd- 89. hi 12 . nay 51- wh 'uru 90. na mEtma ? ' Ene¥') (I give him) 13. nib= 'ar 52 . an ' uar 9l. ' i ra 14. nay'omi 53. po r 92. a' Ul) 15. n'ama l 54. do l 93. k'uta/pi l 16. hur 55. war 94 . m'EkE 17 . nadz 'abur 56. 'ara 95. n'iy ak"uku 18. naw'Ehil) 57· n'adal) 96. wa 19 . naw'aha 58. na 97. EW 'En il) /av'Enil) 20. n'obo 59 · m' i hi 9 8 . k'ubal) 2 1 . n'ual) 60 . t' i ya 99· h'umul) 22. nEk'ono 6l. b'uw� 100 . kur'usil) 2 3· nat ' ow 62 . nu 101- w'EdE/h 'iba 24. nap ' uwar 63. 'aru 102 . b = i lk' uwa / b = irk' uwa 2 5. nam'otta 64. t' UWE 103 . v' i ya 26. nab= 'eya 65. b= 'uta 104. t'ena 2 7. n' i ya 66. h' is i r) 105. be r' i k i I) 28. n'atal) 67. t'a I i I) 106 . m'ahi 2 9 . nab='uar 68. b= it' i t u 107. Et 'e?il) 30 . n'EnE 69. tu'aru 108. k' i k i 31- m' E hal 70 . tur' inu 109 . ban ' aka 32 . dz ' agu 7l. a r' inu 1l0 . t'a h i 33. n'owal 72 . ari ' aru lll. h t d. 34. dzar 73. rat 'unu 112 . b= ' ara/t ' uhul) 35 . n' i mal) 74. rat u'aru 113. maJ ' a?a/madz 'a?a 36 . n' iva 75. rib'unu 114 . En ' Ear 37. 5 ' E ral) 76 . m'oro 115. na d' umi I) Et 'e?il) 38. h'ava 77. h 'E IE 116 . d'umil)nEEt 'e?il) 39 . had- 78. ka? 'ana 117 . d'umil) 42 14. BLAGAR (TEREWENG) a 1- ne:b':>a 40. ab 79 . wee 2. n:>1) 4l. b= i 1 80 . ' i ra 3. nap ' al)tata 42. lap'a 8l. ban'aw 4. n:>l)w ' a 43· m:> 1 82. J'ewi 5. ne:w ' e: 1 i 44. te: 83. ma 6. ne:1) 45. bin'atal) 84. m' ina? 7. ne:l)dz 'ar 46. h'al) i 85. c'abar 8. n Lm' i I) 47. ?uul 86. at 'atll 9. n Lm" i I) b ':>r 48. d' uwa 87. 1 ' i r i ' 10 . n L m" i I)5 i I) 49 . bhe: 88. w'awar a 1l . nod ' ul) 50 . we:d 89 . hi 12 . nayb ':>r 5l. ur'uh 90 . n'ana ayl) 'e:nal) (I give him) 13. niw'al 52. n:>w'ar 9 l. i r' a 14. nay 'omi 53· e:e:n 'ar 92. h'aUI) 15. nam'ar 54. p':>nd:> 93. lee 16 . hur 55. war 94. b'utul) 17. ne:z' e:bur 56 . m:> d- 95. n"iJak'uku 18. ne:w'e:hll) 57. nan'a 96 . wa 19 . n aw ' a (h) 58. na 97. w' inL I) 20. n:>b ':>? 59. mi h' i I) 98. k' ubal ) 2l. n:>w ' al) 60. t i y' a 99. 'e:h i 22. n'e:e:?am 61 . me:h'al) 100 . k'uku 23. ne:t' ow 62. nu 10l. b'aru 24. p:>h 'ar 63. ar' u 102. kam'al ul) 25. n:>m':>t a 64. tuw'e: 103. w' iya 26. n' i b i it- 65. but 'a 104. b' i b i 27. n' i i dza 66 . is' i I) 105. bar' ikLI) 28. naat ' al) 67. taa I' i I) 106 . bhey 29 . n e:?, u 1 i t 68. t i it' u 107 . teyl) 30 . n'e:ne: 69 . t uw ' aru 108. kud. ' uk- 3l. n e: he:m'ehal 70 . tur' inu 109 . ban ' al)ka 32 . ne:hadz 'awl) 7l. ar' inu 1l0 . t'ahl 33. n:>?'al 72 . ariy'aru 11l. h id- 34. dza r 73. r'atu{nu) 112 . b'ara 35 . n' i i mal) 74. r"atuwar' u 113. m' aJa 36 . n' i iwa 75. r' ibu{nu) 114. 'e:nar 37. 5' e: ral) 76. m':>r:> 115 . n'ana d'u mil) teYI) 38 . h'aw a 77. lee 116. d' umil) naYI) teyl) 39 . ad- 78. k'ana 117. d'umil) 43 15 . ALOR (BARANUSA/KABIR) 1 . w'akil) 40. ik'al) 79 . ra 2. k'::>t::>1) 41- 'ekal) 80 . r' u i I) 3. aYl)kul'a ra 42. n' i ha 81- 'away 4. r'atal) 43. m' uk::> 82 . bar' i I) i 5. t' i lUI) 44. k'adz::> 83 . day 6. m'at al) 45. bin'atal) 84. m'atee 7. m"atal) w'ekil) 46. m' aw u 85. ?ah'::> 8. n' i rUI) 47 . k'::>1::> 1) 86 . m'ara 9. nil i rUI) wang' ::>kg::>1) 48. tal ' ukku 87 . b'akkal) 10 . niruw'ekil) 4 9 . h::>w'awe 88. kan ' amu lI. pip' i I) 50 . I'a rra 89 . 12 . w'::>wal) 5I. w'ulal) 90. g::>n ' i I) r::> (I give him) 13. w ' iwi I) 52 . ' ural) 91- nay 14. w'::>wal) "::>n::> I) 53. 'al)ih/p 'ulaw 92. d' ike 15 . 'alaI) 54 . w'::>t::> 93. g' am::> /w '::>rak 16 . k ad ' i re 55 . uw 'at::> 94 . t'ana 17 . w' ewe I I liE I) 56. p' a r i 95. I 'e i I) k" udu I 18. 'ul::>1) 57. kal) 96 . I ' ::> 1::>I) 19 . b'amel) 58. k' inUl ) 97. ba I ' aha 20. w' u I i I) 59 . t'::> b::> 98. k'ut::> 2I. w' ar i I) 60. t'uru 99 . ' i h i 22 . t uh ' ul) 6I. b'EhE 100 . I' i man tan ' ul)gul 23. t'ukkal) 62. t'::>hu 101- w'un::>1) 24. k�puh '::>r::>1) 63. r' uwa 102. ma r' el) 25. p' un Ul) 64. t'a II::> 103. I'aral) (path)/t::>r (road) 26 . han ' el) 65 . pa 104. m' Eyal) 27. leyl) 66 . I'Em ma 105 . r'amuk- 28. I' i mal) 67. n'ammu 106. ' annE 29 . k'amal) 68. p' itt ::> 107. s'Eru 30 . n'ar al) 69 . b'utt::> 10 8. 'annal) 3I . kal 'akE 70 . h'iwa 109 . pan ' uhul) 32 . kaw ' ah E 7I. k'artow 1l0 . t' ide 33. 'anal) 72 . karr'uwa llI. tam ' ala 34. wey 73. r'atu 112 . paI' at i I) 35 . 'amal) 74. r"atur' uwa 113. b'ura 36 . ' i nal) 75 . r II i b u ( t ' ::> h u / t ow) 114. ' al) i 37. k'awan 76. ' aw ::> 115 . g::>s 'Eru 'ula 38. 'uma 77 . b'ea 116 . 'ula s'erug::> 39 . 'apE 78 . m' i tEl) 117 . ' u I a 44 16 . ALOR (KALABAHI) 1- w'akil) 40 . ' i kal) 79 . ra 2. k':>t:>1) 41- n' i ha 80. t'ulal) / r'uil) 3. aYl)kul'a ra 42. I'aw al) 8l . k':>fa 4. r'ata 43. m' uk:> 82 . b r' al) i I) 5. t'i lUI) 44 . k'adz:> 83. m'EnE 6. m'atal) 45 . bin'atal) 84. k'app:> 7. m"atal)w 'aYI) 46. m'aw ul) 85 . ' ah:> 8. n' i rUI) 47. k ' :> 1:>1) 86. m'ara 9. nil i rUI) w'al)g:>k- 48. t'aluk- 87 . b'akka 10 . n' i h i 4 9 . n'awEh 88. kan ' amul) 11- pip' i I) 50 . I a r' a 89 . 12 . w':>wal) 51- w'ulal) 90. g:>n ' El)n:> (I give him) 13. w' iwiI) 52 . ' ural) 91. ney 14. w':>wal) ":>n:>1) 53. 'al)ih 92. s'addE 1 5. 'alaI) 54. w':>t:> 93. b El) 16 . kad' irE 55 . w'at:> 94. t'ana 17 . W'EWE I 56. p' ari 95 . kad'ulul) 18. ' u 1:>1) 57 . kal) 96 . 1':>1:> 1) 19 . b'amal) 58 . k' EnUI) 97 . b a l'aha 20. w' u I i I) 59 . t':>b:> 98. k'ut:> 2l. w' :> r i I) 60 . t'uru 99 . d'agil) 22. t'uhow 6l. b'EhE 100 . g' u I Ul) 23. t aYI) 62 . t':>hu 101- n' i h i 24. kap' uh:>r 63. r' uwa 102 . m' arrEI) 25. p' un Ul) 64. t ' a II:> 103. I'ar al) 26. h'anal) 65 . pa 104. m' Eyal) 27. leYI) 66 . I'Em ma 105 . r'afu 28. I' i mal) 67. n'amm u 106 . t'annil) 29 . k'amal) 68 . p' itt:> 107 . s'E ru 30 . n'aral) 69 . b'utt:> 108. kay 3l. kal 'akE 70 . h'awa 109 . pan ' uh Ul) 32 . kaw'ahE 71- k'artow 110 . t' idE 33. 'an al) 72 . karr' uwa 11l . tam'ala 34 . way 73. r'atu 112 . p a I'at i I) 35 . 'ama 74. r"atur'uwa 113. b'ur a 36 . ' ina 75 . r" i b u ( t ' :> h u / t ow ) 114 . 'al) il) 37. k'awan 76 . 'af:> 115 . 9 :>s'Eru 'ula 38. 'umah 77. bEl) 116 . 'ul a s'Erug:> 39 . 'apE 78. m' i tEl) 117 . 'ula 4 5 17. KABOLA (PITUMBANG) 1- n'obo? 40. hab 79 · w' i u 2. nel'aful) 4l. d hi i I 80 . tol 'opo 3. nap ' ol)fa? 42. fo? 8l. lab 4. ne l"aful) arin'emal) 43. mo? 'oy 82 . kub 'u?u 5. naf'eel 44 . tj? 83. rna 6. n e? f' ayT I 45. n'afetal) 84. m' ini 7. n'el)mari 46 . hiw 85 . be l 8. nam' LI) 47 . hiw 86 . ta?ata 9. namLl)b 'oy 48. do? 87. I' iii 10 . noh ' in 49 . buy 88 . I'i b i I) ll. nad'vl) 50 . feed 89 . p' i r i 12 . nat- 5 l. hul 90 . na mi r ?'ene (I give him) 13. nam' LI) t'apo 52 . h'amoy 91- yal) 14. nat-b 'oy 53. n uh 92. n'o?o 15 . nam' al) 54. d oy 93· muk ' unu/tam'ara 16 . nomat 'el) 55 . by 94. w'a?ay 17. na lib' Ul) 56 . a I'a 95. n"epal"ihi 18. naf i h' i I) 57 . n'a?ade 96. b'ehe 19 . n'arfax 58. n a? 97· I'ow u 20. n'odo ro 59 . mih 98. k'uw ll) 21- nad'eel 60. tar 99 . h' i r i 22. n'oto 61- beh 100 . k'uwII) 23. nat 'v? 62. nu 10l. hab'ara 24. naphuh'ey 63. h'a 10 102 . k'uwu 25. nam'ot- 64 . tow 103. je 26. n'abare? 65 . wut 104 . t'eneh 27. n'e?fa? 66. h Y , ifi h i I) 105. a I' j? i I) 28. nat ' aal) 67 . t' a I al) 106 . w'oco 29 . no? uw ' i I 68. hyi t'ito 107. h u I 30 . n'an i 6 9 . t' uri 0 108. k'aka?ay 31 - I ' ot e? 70 . tj?'eynu 109 . bal ' o?o 32 . ?ob 71- ' ey rn u 1l0 . t' uh u 33 . ? ay 72 . 'eyralo lll. (h) i b 34. sey 73 . r'atnu 112 . b'uni 35 . n' i mal) 74 . r'at halo 113 . w'ele 36 . n'ofo 75 . r' ibn u 114. h'omi 37 . not 'enal)LI 76 . mo l 115 . n a mon ?ah'ul 38. bal) 77 . nam'oti 116 . mon nah'ul 39 . h a? 78. la?'ana 117 . mon 46 18. KABOLA (AIMOLI ) 1- n':>b:>? 40. (h)ab- 79 . f I I 2. n£I'a ful) 41- d I I 80 . tar' :>p 3. nap ' :>h:>l)fa? 42. f:> 8l. taf' j?1 1) 4. ar' I n£mal) 43. m':>?:>y 82 . m'a?ab 5. naf'£1 44. t Ii 83. h:>? 6. n£?f'ayl 45 . bln'al)ta 84 . ml In 7. n£mar' I I 46. h'lwu 85 . b L I 8. nam' I I) 47. h'lwu 86 . t'a?at 9. nam" ll)b':>y 48. d:> 87 . I I I I 10 . hin 49 . bUy 88. 1'1b Ul) 1l. nad' UI) 50 . v£ d- 89 . pi r 12 . nat- 5l. wu I 90 . na '£b al) £n a give him} 13. nam"ll)tap ':> 52 . n':>y T 9l. sam 14. nat?':>m 53. pa1'1 92 . n:>? 15 . nam' al) 54. d':>y£/d ':>£ 93. m'att£/tam'ar 16 . n:>ma tt'£1) 55 . f:>y/f':>h£ 94. f'a?ay 17. na 1'1bU I) 56 . h'ala m"£mal)/h'ala 95 . fa?'ur 18. naf' I h I I) 57· n'a?d£ 96. b£h 19 . narf'ah 58. nax 97. lay 20. n':>d:>r:> 59 . mlx/mlh 98. 'uil) 2l. nad'£1 60 . tar 99 . d'agll) 22. n':>tt:> 6l. b£h 100 . 'UhLI) 23. nat ':>? 62 . nu? 10l. b'aru 24. napuh '£ 63. aI ' :> 102 . p'aka 25. nam':>t- 64. t':>w 103. s'£bur 26. nab 'ar£ 65. hut- 104. tEEn 27. n'£?fa 66. hlw' ihll)/hlf' Ihll) 105 . a I' I?al) 28. nat ' al) 67. tal ' al) 106 . fEY 29. n:>uwh ' l I 68. hit' It:> 107. dun/h:> 1 30 . n'a nl 69 . t'url:>/t' ural:> 108. k'a?ay 3l. 1 ' :> t £ 70. ti?'£nu 109 . b an ' :>k- 32 . ? :>b- 71. ay rn ' u 1l0 . t?uh 33. ay 72 . ay rh ' a I u llI. ' I b I I) 34. s CllY 73. ratn 'u 112 . b'un £ 35 . nim'al) 74 . rath'al:> 113. a f'£1 36. n If' £ 75 . r' Ibn u 114 . h am':> y 37 . t£n ' al)? LI 76 . m'a ru 115 . n a mu n ah':>1 38. bal) 77. m'att£ 116 . mun nah ':>1 39 . av 'a 78 . I a? ' an 117 . mU n 47 19 . KABOLA (HAMAP ) l. n'afah 40 . hab 79 . n'0 f i 2. naf' utu 41. d iii 80 . tar'op 3. nap ' ol)fa 42. fo? 81 . taf' e:?i I) 4. naf' utub LI) 43. ma? ' oyT 82 . m'a? ab 5. naf'e:1 44. the: 8 3. rna 6. ne:?f'ayr 45 . na? ' a y 84. m i in 7. ne:l)mar' i 46 . hi f 85 . bee l 8. namil)b 'ay 47. hi f 86 . t'a?at- 9. namil) b'oy 48. do 87. I i I 10 . hi n 49 . bi 88. I'eb ul) 11. nad'ul) 50. fe: d. 89 . p L r n ad- 12 . 51. wul 90. n'a(na) m' Ld ?e:n (I give him) 13. nam" il)t ' apo 52. n'o yT 91. s'ana 14. nad- 'om 53. pa r' i 92 . no? 15 . n'amal ) 54. pa r' i 93. matt'e/o t'ama r 16 . noma t'e:1) 55 . f'oyT 94. fa? 'ay 17. n a r'e:bul) 56 . h'ala 95. ne:f'a?ur 18. naf' i h i I) 57. na? ' ade: 96 . bLh 19 . nad-f'ah 58. na 97 . lay 20 . nod'aro 59 . mih 98. 'oYLn 21. nad ' e: r 60 . ta r 99 . mah ' i I 22. noh 'am 61. bhe:/ be:h 100. 'Uh ' i I) 23. nat 'o 62 . nu 101. hab'ar 24. napuh 'e:?e:1) 63· ha I'0 102. d i I" u 25. nam ' 0 r 64. to f 103. s e: ?'abur 26 . nab ' are:e: 65. ut- 104. f if 27. ne:? ' e:fa 66. if'e:h i I) 105 . ha I' i yal) 28. nat ' al) 67. ta I'an 106 . fe:t- 29 . no?uw' i I 68 . hit' ito 107. dun 30 . n'ane: 69 . t u r' a I 108. kay 31. I'ote: 70 . t i (?) , e:nUl) 109 . ban ' o ? 32 . ob 71. ay Trn 'u 110 . tux 33. ?ay 72 . .a yTr'alo 111. h' i b i I) 34. se 73. r'atnu 112 . b'une:(h) 35. n' i rna 74. rath'alo 113. haf'alr 36 . n' i ya 75. r' ibn u 114 . ham'u y 37. n"ote:nal)'el 76 . m'aru 115 . na mon ?e:d'un 38. bal) 77. matt'e 116 . mon ne:d'un 39 . haf'e:I /haf a'e:1 78. I'a? an 117 . mon 48 20. KELON (PROBUR) 1- ne? ' i h 40 . eb ' i i 79 . we? 2. n'ettu 41- t e r 80 . tar':>p 3. nenmar' a 42. aa 81- t'e?eh 4. n"ettu kar'i d 43. m:>g ':>1 82 . mi h' i I) 5. new' e r 4 4. att'ey 83. ma 6. neen 45. bin'atal) 84. Eb ' e r 7. nen?en 'u 46. hi 85 . kur 8. nem' uYI) 47 . hi 86 . tak'at 9. nem" uYl)d'ak 48. ad ' al) 87. Ii r 10 . nem"uyl)h' in 49 . bee? 88 . mil e Ierk ' e I II. nad.ad'ul) 50. mad . ' i 89 . ip- 12 . nad. 5I. ur 90 . nag'en (I give him) 13. netab ':>d. 52. an 'ur 9I. ag 'ay 14. nadb ' al) 53. he;k - 92 . n:>k 15 . nam' al) 54. buk- 93. muk' un/tam'ad. 16 . nil)h ' uyh 55. w:>r 94. mak 'ey 17 . n E I ' ee b- 56. ar' ak 95. neukab 'al 18. new' eh 57· mah 'ak 96. wey 19 . nad.y'ar 58. na 97 . lal) 20 . naw'ad- 59 · mih 98. ak' uyn 2I. n' ide r 60 . t ha 99 . mee h ' L I 22 . nid'ut- 6I . gub- 100 . kuh 23. neb 'et- 62 . nuk 10I. hab'a 24. nek' i gen 63 . ar'u 102 . ak 'an 25. nam ' :>d-/nem' Lh 64. t:>1) 103. ag 'e 26. n i k�b' e I 65. ut- 104 . k i i? 27. n'ettak- 66. aw 'eh 105 . ' i r i k 28. nat 'an 67. te I'an 106. a I'at- 29 . n i kw ' iI' 68. us ':>1) 107 . ur 30 . nen ' L h 69 . tid-ar':>k 108. kek'eyn 3I. umken 'L 70 . tuk'a n'uk 109 . b:>n 32 . :>kken 'L 7I. karn 'uk 1l0 . me tt'eh 33. nil)' u I 72 . karr' uk llI. ib- 34. a r'a 73. 'asaganuk 112 . tut- 35 . nim'an 74 . 'asaga ruk 113. ay 'al 36 . n':>y 75 . 'ri bunuk 114 . nEm'er 37. nin'u k- 76 . ad 'ur 115 . na man ge 'ur 38. 'u wi 77. aa l 116 . man ganE'ur 39 . add'awar 78. ak 'an 117 . man 49 21. KELON (HALE RMAN ) 1 . nE"ihb':>g 40. EEb 79 . weh 2. nE" i hkad'a 41- tE r 80 . tar' :>p 3. nE-"El)ma r'a 42. aa 8l. b:>nt'u 4. kE 1 ' :> r 43. m:>g 'al 82 . kab ' uk- 5. nEw ' Lr 44 . att'ey 83. ma 6. nEEn 45 . 84. ab ' E r 7. nEntl!lm'a 1 46 . hi? 85. kur 8. nEm' uYI) 47. hi? 86. t a k'at- 9. nEm"uYl)b'a 48. id' al) 87 · 1 i i r 10 . nEm' uyh in 49 . bhe 88. wal 'EEr 1l. n'aja 50 . WEd- 89 . ? i h 12 . nad. 51- ur 90. nal galn (I give him) 13. 1 i i b 52 . an ':>r 9 l. ag'ay 14. nad. 53· b uk- 92 . mu n ' :>k 15 . nil)nam' a l) 54. buk- 93 . m:>k 'uun/tam' at 16 . n i I) h ' u 55 . WEE r 94. mak 'E? 17. nEl'eeb 56 . a r' ak 95. ne ' uk 18. nEw' Lh 57 · mah 'ak- 96. way 19 . naj 'ar 58. na 97 . laal) 20. n ida 1':>1) 59 · mih 98. ak ' uyn 21- n id'Er 60 . t ha 99 . m Lh ' L 1 22 . n i d' ut 61. gub- 100 . kux 23· nEb 'Et 62 . nuk 101- hab ' a 24. nakig'En/b Etm'a 63. ar'a k 102 . ' i 1 kaan 25. nam':>d./nEm' Lh 64 . t u Ul) 103. lam 26 . nEkab 'El 65. ?ut- 104. kak' i ik- 27. n'Ettak- 66 . YL? 105. t:>r'Uyp/ar' ik- 28 . nat ' al) 67 . tii 1 ' an 106. a I'at- 29 . n'Ekul 68. us ' u uj 107 . ur 30 . nEn ' L h 6 9. t'adut- 108. kikE n' iit 31- an"im ':>h 70 . y'Ehut- 109 . b:>:>n 32 . an"im'a r 71. k'arnuk 1l0 . mat 'Lh 33. nil)kab' in 72 . karar'ak lll. ib- 34. yar 73. 'asagan uk ll2 . h a r' ak 3 5 . nEm'a n 74 . 'asagarak ll3. 'a?ayal 3 6. n :>:>y 75. ribn'uk ll4 . nam'ayr 37. n'En:>k 76 . ad'ur 115. na mun gE 'ur 38. haw' L 77. ?a 1 116. mU n gEnE 'ur 39 . adw'aEr 78. ak 'an 117 . mU n 50 22. KAFOA 1- ninew"akkaf ':>ga 40. ?af'uy 79 . wee 2. ninap ' ukuy 4lo t?ey 80 . hiy':> pa 3. nin'ef)fata 42. bOo 8lo t'abeke l 4. ninap"ukuy am' ur 43. miy'al 82 . kaf' uka 5. ninaw'ey 44 . 'atte 83. h':>ka 6. nin'ef) 45. 84. im':>n 7. nin"ef)hin'ow 46. hj? 85. kuy 8. n i nam' if) 47. hj? 86 . tak' ata 9. ninam"if):>w'af) 48. i r'ow 87 . I'iya 10 . ninam"if)h'if) 49 . fe ? 88 . f'uf)fay llo ninar' uf) 50 . ' u ru 89 . 'upu 12 . n i naw ' a 5lo ' uwa 90 . nag 'eyen (I give him) 13 . n i nab ' i bay 52 . 'ani 91- I'aka/yo. 14. ninaw'ag:>m 53. hiy'aka 92 . n'uka 15. ninam' ow 54. b'uku 93. k'una 16 . ni I':>bf) 55 . uw ' i 94 . an 'ey 17 . nina I'i p 56. ay ' aka 95 . neb ' uku 18. ninaweh 'ef) 57. nankar'ey 96. ay 'e 19 . ninad 'awaha 58. ?uh'u 97 . loy 20 . n i nar':> 59 . n'amih 98. ' i k:>f) 2lo ninab':>lef) 60. n':>ta 99 . mah'el 22. nit'ut- 6lo bOoI' ey 100. kuh ' Uf) 23. nat ' :>k:> 62 . n'uku 10lo h' i fa? 24. napuh 'ey 63. 'aku 102 . ah 'un 25. nih' u r 64. 5 uw ' ay 103. iy'ey 26. nik af'e ley 65 . b'utay 104. k' i i ka 27. n' i neh 66. ' uwahe:f) 105. iI' i kaf) 28. nin'ataf) 67. tal 'ama 106 . mal ' atay 29 . n i k' u I 68. bTs 'ow 107. ruy 30 . ninan 'ey 69 . tudar':>k:> 108. kid' if) 31- "amal 'utay 70 . tik'aynuku 109 . f':>na 32. "amak ':>fa 71- k'arnuku 1l0 . nat 'ey 33. n' iwe I 72 . ka r i y'a ku 111- f'urfal 34. 'iyo. 73. "a5 a go.n ' uk u 112 . t' ut Uf) 35 . n i m' af) 74. "asaga- 'aku 113. ' ib i 10. 36 . n i y' ay 75. ribu n'uku 114 . him'or 37. nin'uku 76 . a r' uy 115 . no. m:>:>n g' e: ruy 38 . ' aw i 77. I'ev a 116 . m:>:>n dan 'e:ruy 39 . 'ara 78. 'akan 117 . m:>:>n 51 23. KUI l. ney ' ak- 40 . eb 79 . Will 2. nap'utur 4l. pan 'en 80 . tar'op 3. nel)k ' u'l 42. aa 8l. tab 'en 4. n a tak'al 43. naw ' 0 I 82. kab 'u? 5. naw'el 44. at 'ey 83 . mey 6. neen 45. 84. mi n 7. n'en naa 46. S illY 85 . kur 8. nem' in 47. ad 'ol 86 . tak 'ata 9. nem"insuk'ul 48. ru 87. Ii r 10 . n e m' i nnakan 4 9 . mbey 88 . yob'oy 11. naw'aka l 50 . mbe r 89 . ub- 12 . naw'a 5l. ?ur 90 . gan 'eyT (he gives rre) 13. nar' ipaso 52 . an ' 0 r 9l. bay 14 . nawamar'a 53. 92. n'oka 15 . nam'a 54. ndol 93· n'ata? 16 . lak 55 . uw I =>r 94. pa l'ak- 17. nal 'ibar 56. ar'ak- 95 . nel ' utup 18. naw'es 57. man 'am 96 . dEt- 19 . nowab 'asil) 58. n ay 97 . naw ' an 20. nowapa l'o k 59 . m' i sa 98. kon 2l. nal ib'en 60. nat 'a 99. is' 22. n'asu 6l. b(a)I'e s/bal 'esi 100 . k'usil) 23. nab'atar 62 . n'uku 10l. sab'a? 24. nab'uk 63. ar' uku 102. ak 'an' ' 25. nakab 'at 64 . 5 iwa 103 . y e 26. naw' a r 6 5. ' usa 104. ' i ka 27. nat 'uk 66 . y'esan 105 . ak'ar 28. nat 'an 67. tal'ama 106 . a I'at- 29 . nok' u I 68. yesur' uku 107. uy 30 . nan 'ey 69 . tad 'usa 108. k l'ld' in 3l . (an in) n ' en 70 . yesan 'usa 109 . bun'uk 32 . (anin)m'ey 71. karn 'uku 1l0 . nes 'en 33. nay' 0 I 72 . karar 'uku 111. Tb1:ir'a 34 . e r 73. asag 'anuku 112 . san ' amA 3 5. nam'a 74 . asa g'a-ar' uku 113 . d'ela 36 . nay ' a/na 75 . ribn'uku 114 . s'ege l 37 . nan 'uk/b ' al)an 76 . ar' uy 115 . nay mon gat ' i k 38 . ow 77 . b'ata? 116 . mOn nat ' i k 39 . ar 78. ak 'anA 117. mon 52 24. KUI (KlRAMANG) 1. nen 'al 40 . ? e p 79. n'eWe 2. nap ' a rt u 41. no.m' ar 80. no.t 'o.ropo. 3. n'el)kUl i 42 . 0.0. 81. to.b'tki 4. n'etak"alo. 43. mow l 82. ko.b,' uko. 5. no.w ' e I 44. att 'ey 83. may/me ? 6. neen 45. bin'anto. 84. m' i ini 7. neenn'aw 46 . s'ey(T) 85 . ko.y/kuy 8. no.m' in 47. o.d'ol 86 . tak'ata 9. n am" in s I k ' 0 I 0. 48. du 87. I'iI)0.? 10 . nOok ' an 49 . bey 88. bulb' al) 11. no.r'on 50 . b?er 89 . b' uko. 12 . no.w'o. 51. ?ur 90. no.g o.'er (I give him) 13· naw"o.po.s ' o/nar"eypo.s ' 0 52 . an ' 0 r 91. I ak- 14 . no.w"o.m ' era 53. 'ukku 92. kal) 15. no.m'ow 54. ukk' ito. 93. b'o. tto./tam' o.do. 16 . n'elak 55 . uw 'or 94 . o.n'ey? 17. nel ' ibar 56. ar'akyeto./ar'a k 95. no.s 'ulbuku 18. no.w' eS 57. n in'al ) 96 . ad' i t 19 . no.w'o.baqo. 58. nO. 97. I'ooge? 20. n aw ' att 0. 59 . m' iso. 98. big'eal) 21. no.l ' iwen 60 . to. 99. mOos ' e I a? 22. n'e su 61. b? 'alah 100. k'usil) 23. no.b? 'Lt-/no.b? 'Lti 62 . n'uku 101. sib'e?/biy'o.ko. 24. nab ' uk- 63. o.y'uku 102 . s'insamo./o.b ,'er 25. neko.b ?'o.to. 64 . s' uwo. 103. I' uri I) (road) /j ' ebok::> (path) 26. n o.w ' a r 65. 'usa 104 . k' i iko. 27. net 'uku 66. y'e san 105. exl ' i ' e ? 28. no.t ' al) 67 . tal ' o.mo. 106. sid'0. 29 . nek'uli 68. YEsar' uku 107 · re?/ne? 30 . no.n 'ey 69. to.d'uso. 108. kld' il) 31 . nen 70 . yesan 'uso. 109 . o.r'o.sika? 32 . mey 71. ko.rn 'uku 110 . no.t 'eya? 33. n'0 I 72 . ko.ro.y 'uku 111 . b,L r 34. ey 73. o.so.go.n 'uku 112 . I'il a? 35 . n'emam 74. o.So.go.y 'uku 113. ku I 36. n'iyo.y 75. r' ibunuku 114. s iI'ay 37. n'uku 76 . aJ 'ur 115 . no. mOl) g'tne? 38. ?ow 77. b'o.tta? 116 . mOl) d=n" ine? 39 . ? a r 78. ak'ano. 117. mOl) 53 25. ABUI (ATIMELANG) 1 . n:), j s j 40. af'u 79 . n'ewa lna 2. n:)baq 'ay 41- pin'jl)/an ' Ey 80 . n'EtEpay 3. nap ' :)1) 42. b?a 81- tab'ukul 4. baq"ayb 'ata 43. m':)sa? 82. pal 'ata 5. n"ey 'ata 44. Ty ' E r i 83. n'amE ? 6. n' i yEI)/n ' EI) 45. ha 1 Ek" i 1 n' ah a 84. m:)1) 7. n'El)iy'a? 46. r' u:) 1 85 . kaay 8. namul)f'al 47. r' u::> 1 86. tak ' ata 9. n amunt ik'al a 48. bar' aha 87. 1 ' i (ya) 10 . s ' ini 49 . fE ? 88. f'ufay ll. nar'uni 50. w' ar i 89 . 'upu 12 . n aw ' a 51- ' i ya 90. dim' inEr/l (he gives me) 13. naw"ak'uli 52 . ?an'uy 9l. y a 14. naw "ak ':)mi 53. buk' i 92. kal) 15. lar' a 1 54. l:)mm'a 93. k':)na 16 . lar'al 55 . wi i 94. 'ani 17. na I' i fi 56 . ay 'ak- 95. nabal"ey b'uku 18. n'Etil) 57. n E 96. ' atta 19 . nawab 'ik- 58. bud- 97. I':)x i 20. nar:) II' a 59 . mi t' i 98. bik'EI)/bik'El 21. n:)kad ':)1) 60 . taa 99 . mah ' itL I) 22. n:)t 'uk 6l. b':):)1 i 100. k' us L I) 23. nat ':)k 62. n'uku 101- t'ifa/f' iha 24. nab i k' i 1 63. ' ::> k i 102. ak 'uni 25. nE? , uy 64. s'uwa 103. I'e 1 a? 26. nab ' al) 65. b'u ti 104. k' i i ka 27. n:) t'::>ki 66. y'Etil) 1 05. ay/al 'ikal) 28. nat ' al) 67. tal'a ma 106 . ma l'atay 29. n::>p':) S i I) 68 . y"E til) ':)k i 107. hal 'al/Y'Eni 30. nan ' E? 69 . y"Etil)s'uwa 108. kid' i I) 3I. nEI) 70. y"Etil)b 'uti 109 . tik' a/bl) 32 . may '::>1 7l. karn 'uku 1l0 . nat'E 33. n::>w ' i 1 72 . kar':)ki llI. f'ur( i) 34. hiy' a? 73. as"ahan 'uku 112 . I' i 1 a? 35. num'a 74. as"aha?':)ki 113. k' u 1 i 36. niy'a 75 . 114. tim':)yT 37. nEf'Ela?/n::>m::ltn 'Eni 76 . ar' uy 115 . na mon hiy' En i 38. fa I'a? 77. f':)ka/l'eya 116 . mon dine y'Eni 39 . a r' a 78. ak 'ani 117. mon 54 26. ABUI (MAKADAI ) 1 . n £? 'is i 40 . ? a f'u 79 . w£ 2. n£p i I kay 41- pin I i I) 80 . t'aypa? 3. nap ':>1) 42. b a? 81- tab ':>? 4. n£pik"ay bat'a? 43. bal 'ay 82 . kaf 'uka 5. naw'ey?at"a 44. bat'a? 83. t i y' ay 6. n' i yal) 45. 84. m:>:>n ' I 7. n'i yal)nay 46. ruw' a I 85. kay 8. nam' Ln 47· k'uya? 86 . tak 'atta 9. nam"Lntlk'ala 48. t:>? 87 . Iii 10 . sin 49. f£ ? 88. fulf'ay 11- nar'un 50 . uw ' mi 53. b uk ' u 92. kal) 15. nam'o? 54. b uk" u da I ' , £ I a 93. f':>ka 16. n£t' al)a 55. wi i 94. an 'ay 17. na I ' i f i I 56 . ay ' ak 95. nab 'abu 18. naw ' £t-/naw ' £t i 57. ney 96. t'ala 19 · naw'abaki 58. but 97. I':>hj? 20. n£r'ala 59 . mi t 98. bik'£1) 21- nar"ayhiY'£1) 60 . ta 99 . mak ' i til) 22 . n£t 'ik - 6l. b:>I 100 . k' uys i I) 23. nat ':>k- 62 . nuk'u 101- fi h'a 24. nab i k ' i I 63 . ay:>k'u 102 . t'untama 25. n£? 'uy 64. suw' a 103. 1 ' aq£ 26 . nab 'al) 65 . but ' i 104. k' i i ka 27. n£t ' :>ku? 66 . y£ t' i I) 105. ? ay 28. nat 'al) 67 . tal 'ama 106. tid' a? 29 . n£k' u I 68. y£t" i l)ay:>k'u 107 . ' £ n i 30 . nan '£? 69 . y £ t" II)s uw ' a 108. kad ' i I) 3l. n£1) 70 . y£t"il)but 'i 109. t ' i ka 32 . may':>1 7l. karn ' uku 1l0 . nat '£ 33. m:>k 'u? 72 . karay':>ku lll. f' e r i ? 34. ya 73. as 'anuku 112 . I ' i I a? 35. m'ama 74. as"a?ay:>k'u 113. k' u Ii 36 . niy'a? 75 . rifin'uku 114. tim':>y 37. n£f'£la 76 . a r I uy 115 . na mon hiy' £n i 38. fal 'a? 77. f':>ka 116 . mon daniy'£ni 39 . a r' a? 78. ak 'ani 117. mon 55 27. WOISIKA (LETLEY ) l. n' es i 40. ? ap ' i 79. Wal 2. naf'£n;)? 4l. b£t 'a? 80. s £ 1 3. naxn 'a 42 . ba 8l. wa 1 ' £ ? 4. n £k' u 1 43. maw'u 82 . k'anti/ka p'£ta? 5. naw ' a? 44. b;)1) 83. s jjw ' £ ? / m£ ? 6. n£1) 45 . 84. ip'ay 7. n'£1 ) i 1 a 46. sub '£? 85. ku? 8. nalp'al) 47. at ';)? 86 . 'awka? 9. nalp"al)sak 'u 48. bew'a 87. 1 ' iiI£? 10 . fro. 49 . p£ 88. bul'£ wa? 1l. nap';) 50 . wat'i 89 . is' i 12 . nab ' i 5l. wu? 90. gal m££n '£n (he gives me) 13· nab ' i ba 52. ?ay ' i 9l. ya/w£? 14. na r'eytal) 53. buk'u 92. kal) 15 . nam'a 54. man 'a? 93. p' uk (u)/ bul '£ka? 16. n£k'away 55. W;)? 94. aw ' Ul) 17 . na 1 p' u 56. ab 'eyta 95. nas ub'u 18. naw'£s/naw'£si 57. ' i nakat£ 96. 'a t ta/ad ' ita 19 . naw'ata 58. ' i ne 97. lap ' 0.1) 20. net ' ;)ka 59 . n'LSLI) 98. b'uni 2l. n e k';)w al) 60. tay 99 . is'e yma. 22. n'emi i 6l. b';)n£ 100 . k' us i I) 23. nat ';)k 62 . n';)ku 10l. sup'a 24. nab'u 63 . ?';) ku 102 . t ' i k 1 a 25. neb 'uk 64. su 103. y'eba 26. naw'akaramay 65 . but ' i 104. b' i ka? 27. new'a? 66 . iw'esil) 105. a 1 ' i i 28. nat ' al) 67. s'Ll)n;)k 106 . sin'ey 29 . n'eba 68. iw£s ';)k 107. t£ k 30 . nan 'a 69. is' i I) 5 u 108. kid' i I) 3l . 1 am ' i 70 . is' i mb u t 109 . p , una 32 . ma 1 ' £? 7l. k'ar n;)k 1l0 . 1 at' is i I) 33. d'umu 72. k'ar;)k lll. at';)ba 34 . il'L 73. asagan ';)ku 112 . b'eba 35 . nep'a? 74. asasga? ';)ku 113. b' i 1 a? 36. n'eykul 75. r' i bun;)ku 114 . s'ummu 37 . nen' ;)k;) 76. at 'u? 115 . no. man 'u gat '£k 38. s'uwe? 77. p'uk(u) 116 . man 'u nat '£k 39 . ?at'i? 78. d'ata? 117. man'u 56 28. WOISIKA 1 . n'eyih 40 . ap- 79 . we 2. n a f iI' i I) 41- mi l'a 80. s e:1 3. nafun ' a 42 . bha 81- wa1 ' al 4. ne:l)k 'ul 43. m:Jy/mvy 82. kam'al 5. naw 'ay 44. b:J1) 83. suw'e:? /me:? 6. ne:1) 45 . bin'atal) 84. gab ':Jra 7. ne:l)in'a 46. sib' e: 85. kuy 8. nalp'al) 47. at ' ey/at ':JY 86. 'awka? 9. nalp"al)svk'u 48. waa 87. I' i 1 a? 10 . fa r' a 49 . phe: 88. b iI'e:wey 11. nap ':J:J 50 . wat- 89 . ux 12 . naw'aa - 51 wuy 90 . nal m' e:e:ge:n (I give him) 13. naw"aab 'aqa 52. ay 9l. ma/ya 14. n aw"aam i tv m' Ul) 53. buk- 92 . kal) 15. nam' aa 54. buklap'al) 93. gas ' aykal)/b iI'akk a . ne:l' e: k- . 16 55 W:JY 94. fin' i I) 17. nak'ey 56 . aab 'ey ta/aaf at 'aka 95. nas 'up 18. ne:h 57. ah/kat 'e: 96 . wur'aa 19 · naw'aab uk- 58. ne:? 97. lap'al) 20. nam' al) 59. nih 98. suk':J/bin 21. ne:k:J r' al) 60 . t'aa(di) 99 . is'eyma 22. ne:m' i/ne:?'am 61- b':Jna 100. k'usil) 23. nat ':Jk- 62 . n:Jk- 10l. sup'ak a 24. nab ' u u 63. :Jk- 102 . t ' i t 1 a 25. neym:Jt 'a 64. s u? 103 . yey 26. nawak 'ay 65 . biy'at- 104 . b' i ka? 27· n'e:wa? 66 . iw'e:s il) 105 . aI ' i 2B. nat ' al) 67. iw"e:s il)n ':Jk- 106 . si r' a . 29 n'e:k u 1 6B. iw"e:s il)':Jk- 107 . tak 30 . nan 'ey 69 . iw"e:s il)'su? loB. kid' i I) 3l. lam 70. iw"e:s il)biy'at- 109 . pun'a 32 . ma ' e: 1 7l. at"ak -n ':Jk- 110. lat s'i(l) 33. dum 72 . at"ak-':Jk- 11l. at 'ey bay 34. iiI 73. asak' an:Jk- 112 . b'e:ba? 35 . ne:p'a 74 . asak ' a:Jk- 113 . b' i 1 a? 36 . n'owk:J 75. l'ib un:Jk- 114 . 5 um ' uy 37. n'e:n:Jk- 76. at ' i ye:l)k:J 115 . nal kum'e: gat 'ak- 3B . ka r' i 77. bay 116 . kum' e: nat 'ak- 39 . at- 7B. d'aqat a 117. kum' e: 57 29 . WOISIKA (PIDO I) 1 - ne: ' i h 40. ap ' i 79 . way 2. nafi I' i I) 4l. fi n' i I) /mi I'0. 80 . n'e:s::>l 3. nafun 'a 42. b'atal/b'a(ta) 8l. ay g ' e:1) 4. ne:l)k 'ul 43. maw 82 . ku l'e: tte: 5. nay 44. b::>l)batt'a 83· h'e:lal) 6. ne:1) 45 . way-p'e: 84 . ab 'ut- 7. ne:1)iI' i i 46. sib'ey 85 . w'al)gu 8. n alp' Ul) 47 . at 'u 86 . aw g' e: 9. nalp" ul)sug 'u 48. we:y 'a 87 . ' i 1 a? 10 . Hi r'a 49 . pe 88. b iI'al yl) 11. nap'u 50 . wat 89 . if' un 12 . naw ' 0. 5l. uu 90. g o. u'ne:n (he gives me) 13· naw'aba 52 . 'aayba 9l. rna 14. naw'ami 53. at '::>k- 9 2. kal) 15 . nam'a 54. buklap'al) 93. t'iba/sir'j? 16 . n'e:le:k- 55 . um' ana 94. fin ' i I) 1 7· nag 'e: 56 . nub ' ::>ta/'e:f ata 95 . (naw"a)sib'u 18. ne:e:h 57. ah 96. wi r' a? 1 9 . nawab ' a/nawab 'uk- 5 8. nay 97 . lap'al)ba? 20. namal)g'e: 59 . nih 9 8. bun 2l. nap'at - 60 . tar' ey 99 . is'eymat- 22 . ne:n/?an 6l. b'::>ne: 100. nat Ll)k'uh 2 3. nat '::> 62 . n uk/n::>k 101 sip'a? 24. nab'u 63. uk/::>k 102 . it'un 2 5. ne:w'ahka 64. su 103. iy 'e: (path ) /l ' ur::>1) (road) 26. n'::>kbuk- 65. buw'at 104. big'e:? 2 7. naw' a 66. iw' is i I) 105 . 0.1 " i 28. nat '::>1) 67 . i w' is i I) n::>k 106 . sir' a i I) 29 . n'e:gul 68. iw' is i I) ::>k 107 . t i k 30 . nan 'ey 6 9 . i w' is i I) s u 108. bug'ud. 3l. Ian 70 . iw"isil)buw'at 109 . pin'a? 32 . mar' e: 7l. atagn '::>k 110 . lax 33. dUI) 72 . atag? '::>k 11l . marat '::> 34 . i 1 73. as ' agan::>k 112 . tut' umbu 35 . ne:p'ay 74 . as ' aga?::>k 113. b' i 1 e:? 36 . n'e:a 75. r' i bun::>k 114 . t am' ure:? 37 . n'e:n::>k 76 . dag ' ul)bak- 115 . n'ara ma l ' i ba n'e:gatik 38. s::>/suw'ay 77 . kat 'ba 116 . ma l ' i ba g'e:natik 39 . at- 78 . dat'e: 117. mal ' i ba 58 30 . WOISIKA (PIDO II) 1- ne 40. ?'apl 79 . new'e 2. n a f' I I I I) 41- fin' I I) 80. sol 3. naf"l lll)h 'ln etl 42 . b'atal 81- s'aful 4. naf"l lll)?am' ut 43. maw 82. p' e te I' I p I I) 5. n'aygl ra 44. b'ata? 83 . s uw ' a? 6. n' L I) b I I I 45. s'etal) 84. bod- 7. n ' L I) L n I 46. slb'e 85 . w' al)ku 8. n'alpLI) 47 . ?at'u 86 . 'awge 9. n"a lpLI)Suk'u 48. we? 87. h' I I a? 10 . ne f' are 49 . pey 88. b:Jyl) 1l. nap'u 50. wat 89. I x 12 . nawag 'ate 51- hu 90. na uw 'eygen (I give him) 13 . naw'aba 52. ?'ayba 91- way 14. naw'amul a 53· ?at 'ok 92. kal) 15 . mam'a? 54. ?at 'ok lap"al)/b 'uk lap"al) 93. t ' I b al sir' I 16 . ne l'ekakari 55. 'umene 94. fan ' I I) 17 . neg 'e? 56 . 'efata/nub 'eta 95. n'eslbu 18. ne? 57. ?'apa 96 . wi r' a? 19 . naw'abuk 58. nay 97 . lap' al) 20. nam' el)aele 59. nih 98. bun 2l. nap'at- 60. tar' ey 99 . Is'e 22. ne? 'an 6l. b'one 100 . nat ' el)guh 23. nat 'ogba 62 . nok 10l. sep 'a 24. nab'u 63. hok 102 . it'un 25. new ' axe 64. su 103. Ib'a? 26. naw'ago rOI) 65. bu? 'at 104 . b' I ge 27. new'o? 66. Iw' isI I) 105 . al 'l 28. nat ' el) 67. wes 'Ll)nok 106 . s' i ra? 29. neh 'aba? 68. we s' L l) :Jk 107. t I k 30. nan'ey 69 . WeS ' Ll)su 108. b'ugut/b 'agot 3l. Ian 70 . wes 'Ll)bu?at 109 . pln'a? 32 . ma r'ey 7l. ?at 'ak 1l0 . lah 33. dun 72. ?at 'akhok lll. mar'ato/at 'umara 34. I I 73. ?asag 'anok 112. tut ' Ul) 35 . n'epay 74. ?asag 'ah:Jk 113. b I I ' e? 36. n'ea? 75. Ir'lbun:Jk 114 . tam' ure? 37. n'enok 76 . at ' ul)pe? 115 . klm'eba n'egatlk 38. so? 77. tlb'a 116 . klm'eba n'at ik 39 . 'adball 78. d'ate 117 . klm'eba 59 31. WOISIKA (LANGKURU) 1. nih 40. ap' i 79. ne:w'e: 2. naw'e:nna 41. mi l'a ? 80 . n'e: 5 e: I 3. naf ' unte: 42. baa 81. s'aful 4 . nawan 'amut- 43. mu l 82 . hip' i I) 5. naw ' e: d- 44. bat'a 83. 5 uw ' a? 6. ne:l)b ig'e:1 45. 84 . tab 'oro 7. ne:1)i r' i 46. sib'i 85 . uwal)k'u 8. nayp'il) 47. at 'ul 86. 'awga 9. nayp" il)s ig'ol 48. w'ala 87. s'e1a 10 . nayp" il)fid'e:t 49 . phi 88. b?uy 11. nap ' o? 50 . wat'i 89. kix 12 . nawag 'ata 51. wud- 90. naw ge:n (1 gi ve him) 13 . nabe: r'aba 52. aim' i 91. ma 14. nawas ig'ol 53. at"uk lap'al) 92. kal) 15 . nam' a? 54. at 'uk 93. gas 'ay kal) /b li 16 . Iik 55. we:um' ana 94. fin' i I) 17 . nag 'e:t 56 . rab'e:te:/raf'utta 95. n'e:subbu 18. ne:h 57. i y , ah 96. w'ura? 19 . nawab 'uk- 58. nih 97. lap'al) 20. nam"il)g'e:r 59 . mih 98. bun 21. ne:g'odo 60 . tar' i /tad' i 99. 'isimat- 22 . n "e:mi/ny 'mmi 61. b'ono 100 . kux 23. ne:y 'odo 62 . n uk 101. sup'a 24. nab ' u 63. ar' uk 102 . ut 'un 25. ne:sTg'i 64. 5 u 103. i b ' a 26. nabal) ka r' i 65. bil'at 104. b' ige:e: 27. ne:w'a 66 . iw' isi I) 105 . 'al i 28. nat 'e:1) 67 . iwisil)n 'uk 106. sTd'a 29. ab 'a 68. iwisil)ar 'uk 107. tik- 30 . nan 'e:e:de: 69 . iwisil)s 'u 108. b'okkon 31. lam' i sak- 70 . iwisil)bi I'a t 109 . b'una 32 . ma r' isuk- 71. at 'ak 1l0 . lah 33. dum 72 . at"akar 'uk 111. at ' uma r1:1 34. i r' i 73. "azayan ' uk 112 . sTn' e:ml:! 35 . n e: p'a 74. "azaya-ar' uk 113. b'ile:? 36. niy'a 75 . r' i bunuk 114. I'iwine:? 37. ne:n'uk- 76 . bu I 115 . n'adi gum' e: ne:g'e:tik- 38. 5 0 I 77 . bar' al) 116 . gum'e: ge:n 'e:tik-/ gum' e: nat ' ik- 39 . 'ati b"are: 78. d'aata 117 . gum' e: 60 32 . WOISIKA (KOLOMANE) 1 . nih 40. ap 'i 79 . wi 2. n'amnex 4l. muw'ex 80. n'e si 3. nexf' unn:>te 42. bat'exlli 8l. 4. n'exynexmut- 43. m:>h/m:>g'er 82. ep'el) 5 . n exw ' e r 44. b:> 1) 83. mi 6. n emb ' ug L 45. 84. b':>d.:> 7 . n e I) i r' i 46. sib' i 85. kuy 8. nexn ' i p el) 47. ex t ' :> 86. ayg':> 9. n exn ' i pel) kad'are 48. wex 87. yexex 10 . fexd ' er 49. ph i 88. bul ' 12. n I1wex9 , ex t11 5l. 'urra 90. geg , un i I) (he gives me) 13· n exb' e r 52 . 'exymi 9l. dex 14. nexwexm' urex 53. ext ' uk 92. kal) 15. nexm'a? 54. at ' ukbu:>1) 93. kal)/bul 'e? 16. n'elik- 55. w:> r 94 . fun ' i I) 17. nexg'er 56 . h'exbil)kE/exf'attex 95. nEs ' ubu 18. nexy 57. yah 96. ud 'a? 19 . nexw'exbuk- 58. nih 97. I'apal) 20. nexm' el)ke 59. mih 98. bun'i 21- neg':>d:>1) 60. t 'exex (di ) 99 . m' ad.ex 22. nehexm' i 61- b':>n:> 100 . k':>:>s:> 23. nexp ' ul) 62 . I':>I )n uk 10l. sup'a? 24. nexn'u 63. ?exyk 102 . ut ' Ul) 25. n'eesi? 64. su? 103. 'eba 26. n'exbal) 65. bu'at 104 . blg'e? 27. neuw'ex 66. 'iw'is ' i I) 105 . exr' i 28. next' EI) 67. t'exmex 106 . sid'a 29. nEg'exwt:> 68. us il)'exyk 107 . t i k 30 . nexn 'ede 69. us il)s 'u? 10 8. b:>g 31 . I am' i 70 . us il)b ' uat 109 . p'unak 32 . rna r' i 7l. ext ' aknuk 1l0 . lat'i/las'i 33. nid'um 72 . ext ' akexyk lll. mad'exgex 34. i r' i 73. asexrexn ' uk 112 . tut ' :>f) 35 . nEp'ex 74. asexrex? 'exyk 113. b ii'e? 36 . n' i yex 75 . rib'enuk 114 . lin'E? 37. n'en:>k- 76 . ' ext:>r 115. nEg mexn 'u g'extik- mexn 'u negg 'extik- 38 . kad' i 77 . pur 116 . mexn 'u n'ext ik- 39 . at ' i be 78. d'exta? 117. mexn 'u 61 33. TANGLAPUI I. I)ag ' Lsi 40. ap?'i (ya) 79· l)1iw 'eya 2. ntak ' eya 4I. p? 'aya 80. I) as ' aya 3. I)am 'ukeya 42 . g'akaya 8I. sakap'ul a 4. nt'aklaka 43. m' aqa 82. wy 'ika 5. I)wal 'aha 44. as ' akka 83. mE ?/SU 6. I) ikw'aya 45. bin'anta 84. y'amu 7. I) , i ya 46. s'EklJklJ 85 . katuw ' al Ia 8. mp ' in i 47. adam'asa 86. 'aykwa 9. mp ind'atta 48. w'ala 87 . TrTn 'a 10 . mp il)k'ukwa 49 . phEya/pEs'akka 88. iI'i Iwa II. I)wap ' aka 50 . w'adiya 89 . kwa 12 . ndz'agL 5I. pi law' akka 90. I) am' iWEg" an i (I give him) 13. mp iI'aka 52 . ay 'a(ya) 9I. wEt'una? 14. ndz"agumuram'iy a 53. at"aks 'Eli 92 . k'anna 15. I)w' akkL 54. at"aku I'i mpa 93. y' ina 16 . l) at 'Ela 55. wap 'akka 94. atak'u 17 . I) an I' i pu 56 . ay ag '/lsi/ay 'aki 95. I) sey' aku 18. I) wag' eya 57. mp ' ama 96. l'akka 19 . I) wakw 'aya 58. I)E 97 . 1 ' i mpa 20 . I)wal)s 'eya 59 . w'uti 98. inuw ' anA 21. I) kwit'aku 60. tE 99 . p'ey a 22. I)niyam 'ey a 6I. b'aba 100 . kur' ussu/k'asi 23. I) at 'iy a 62. s':>nna 10l. tupw'aya 24. I)ukap 'iya 6 3 . y'akku 102. Itin'an 25. I) akum'aya 6 4. tu/tuk' ana 103. ig'aya? 26. I)al) kat 'aku 6 5. aras'iku 104. y'ikka 27. l) 'Ek uli/I)'Ekas i 66. yawat 'Lnna 105. s(a)p' in(a) 28. nt'ani/I) 'antan 6 7. yawatUns ':>na 106. in' i k i 29 . I) ag ' aka 68. yawatUny ' akku 107 . d i (ya) 30 . nd'Eni 69 . yawatUn t' u 108 . m' arna 3l. im'ala 70. yawat"unaras ' i ku 109 . pin'akka/ku l'akku 32. iy'ala 7 I. aday 'uku 1l0 . d'uka 33. nd':>ya 72 . my ' aku llI. p as a I'aw a ( y ) 34. i dz ' aya/' i dza 73. gasak 'adan 112 . j , i rna 35 . I) ap'aya/I) ' apa 74. gasakay 'aku 113. lak'uy (a) 36. I) ay 'a(ya) 75 . r' ibua/ribd' ana 114 . lap'un(a) 37 . I)ad. 'En.a/I)ad. 'En.dua 76 . b'fntu 115 . (Uwil))s'apala I)y 'adi (ya) 38. s'uuba 77. w' al)sa 116 . s'apala nd'i(ya) 39 . ad'a(ya) 78. ak ' anna 117 . s'apala 62 34. KOLANA l. n'e is' /n i is' /ne ' isi 40. ap ' i 79 . wey 2. nel;:)kom'al) 4l. p'ur(u ) 80. s ' e r i 3. ne luwas 'er 42. h'ak (a) 8l. ay 'akil) 4. nenib'ata 43. me l'u 1 u 82. w'erI 5. neW' e r i 1 aka 44. b;:)1) 83. may 6. nen ' i r i k;:) 45. bin'anta 84. plana 7. nen'irra/nen'iri-i�'a 46. see (k' ;:)b) 85 . k"utuw'alA 8. nemu ' i I) 47. ad ';:)l 86. ar' ukU 9. nemu" il) ke d'ara 48. uw ' ala 87. i r' e 10 . pe d'ak al) 49 . phey 88. b u l'e rE 11- new';:)ri mal) 50. wid' i 89 . aw l uy 12 . ne b ' i r i 51- ur/ur' akka 90. n'eta mee wagan ' i r (I give him) 13. neb" i r i k'til 'utu 52. leva/lava 9l. way 14. neb" i r i mi r'a 53. n'usa 92 . kal) 15 . nam'a 54 . at' uku b'ubul) 93. kal)/s im'e 16 . ne l';:)mu 55. w;:)r 94. maa 17. ney 'ebur 56. ar'ak(a) /ar'aka-"es 95 . naw'a gas ' i rI 18. new'esi 57. p' as i 96. l'aka 19 . naw ak ' atta 58. nay 97. lam' ukul 20. nem'eh il) 59 . m' it i 98. ' unal) 2 l. n e y 'e rE k ";:)d;:) 60. tay 99 . g'eysl 2 2. nE ?am' i 6l. p';:)yil) 100. kur' isI 23· ne?at ' ;:)k;:) 62 . n;:);:) 10l . tl:lp'a 24. ne kab ' u 6 3. y';:)ku 102 . lid ' i I) 25 . nEm' uyse r(i) 64. tuu 103. viElE 26 . nab 'aral) 65. aras ';:)ku 104. ' i k i 27. new ' akka 66. w'ettil) 105. sir' i pi I) 28. ne t 'e I) 67. wet in'ul) 106. In' i I) i 29 . nekel'utu 68 . wEt in";:)ku 107. d' i ra 30 . nEd'een'/n ed'eni 69 . wEtint'u 108. mur 'u( NA) 3l. 1 Emm' i 70 . wEtaras ';:)ku 109 . pun 'aka 32 . mey 71. aday ';:)ku 1l0 . t'a ti 33. ';:)la 72 . aday";:)ku miy';:)ku lll. law' ala 34. i r' a 73. asak'an;:);:) 112. t'uttina 35 . pa 74. asakay ';:)ku 113. mti r'ukU 36. ya 75 . r' i bun;:);:) 114 . lap';:)1) 37 . n;:)1) 76 . ra ' u 115 . neta m' unU gad ' i ra 38. s';:)ba 77. pid'asi 116 . m'unU nad'ira 39 . ad 'a 78 . aq 'el) 117. m' unU 35. BUNA? (based on Capell and Berthe ) 1. 9 i i k 59 . d'iat, mit 2. g' ub u 1 60 . m' alat, cier 3. g'ubulr'e 61. gwe: , gue , pas 4. 'adu 62 . uen , wen 6. g' i da 1 67. t'e:mol 8. f'olo 77. 'masak 12. 'ig o, g'aga 78 . 'gusu/g uzu (Be) 13. 'igo 81. 'taho 17. d' obu 82 . hurat 18. 'igo 83 . man 21. 'idup 84. 'he:se: 22. 'id up 85 . 'sabu (C) /zap (Be) 23. g'e: re:1 87. he 26. k'abas 89 . 'ote:l 'go 27. g' idit'ane: , gir l 90 . ne:ge: (C)/gege (Be) 28. ne:h'utu d'on, gon 91. ma l (C)/me le (Be) 31. 'e:n 9 2. '10 i 32 . fan a , pan a 94. mo k (C)/muk (Be) 33. oon , go l 95. 'gidi 'tulur 34. e 1, i 1 96. 'ote: l 'no (C)/nor (Be) 3 5. 'ama 97. '1e:gu 1 36 . me: , eme 98. hlno 38. don , de u 99 . si 39 . '0to, hot 0 100 . gonos 40 . 'ika 102 . ene 41. maa , mar 10 3. 'loron (C)/hik (Be) 43 . mok 105 . 'ote:l 'ge:te:l 44. 'ote:l 106 . 'se:le:'gol 47 . tie 107. ga 'sal 49 . 5 ae 1 108. kol 50 . hoot 109 . 'oto 'botok (C)/boto (Be) 51. hu 1 1l0 . gi ri (Be fe et) 52 . in'e:e:l 111. hun (C)/bi (Be) 54. opwasg'e:ne: 113. 'be: e:lis 55 . ho 1 114 . be:1 56 . aa (rice), Ipl (pad£ ) 115 . neto zi gasal 57 . aa 116. zi ne gasal 58. h'age: 117 . z i 64 36 . MAKASAI (based on Capell) with addit ion of Oirata (based on Cowan 1965. de Josselin de Jong 1937) . 1- ' anub ' e re , amu (0) amu 62 . ?u ( 0) uan i 2. d'a?e (0) da u 67. d' aho 3. b' it i kai 76 . (0) ajaka 4. d'a?e 'asa (0) wata 77. be re'kama (0) bo?al 6. n'ana (0) ina 78. 'meta (0) lauare/a 8. m'unikain (0) munikain 79 . (0) we 12 . n'ubukai 80. (0) opo 13. t'ur ukai 81 - nunu'deu 17 . 'anam'ata 82. (0) elewe 18. w'asi (0) wa in 83. ma?u (0) ma?u 2l. r'oso, atu ( 0) at u 84. 'umu (0) umu 22 . r' os 0, atu (0) atu 85. d'efa (0) ihar(a) 23. atu b'Er E ( 0) atu 86 . tata , hatate , re p Ie 26. f' ah i I a i 87 . (0) uh u r 27. ' iti 89 . 'ate ' isu 28. t'ana' afu, t'anal 'EbE (0) tana 90. 'dan i (0) ina 3l. lanu, ana (0) nami 91- ' I a? a (0) ma ra , I are 32 . tufur'ai , (0) tukur, tukurai , panar 92 . ' ra u ( 0) roo, jan i 33. m'ata (k ' 0 i) (0) modo 93. (0) mut (u)ke 34. ' i ra (0) i ra 94 . (0) uma 35 . b' oba 95 . iti ' b u i (0) mo i I 36 . ' ina 96 . 'atE 'asa (0) asah 38. 'oma 97 . 'asan (0) lokide mu it(e) (of time) 39 . 'ata (0) ada 99 . ( 0) leura 40 . ' a f i (0) ah i 100 . (0) keles 4l. 'ama ( 0) ama , h a I a 102 . ( 0) dedem, wanat 44. 'ate (0) ada , a ra , ete 10 3. ' i ? a (0) i a r 47 . 'asa (0) (oto) asa 104. (0) mi mi ri 49 . bai (0) h a i 105 . 'ate 'amu (0) a ra 50 . w'a tu (0) wadu 106. dana'kini 51- 'uru (0) u ru 107. 'ena, (0) as i , watae 52 . 'ai (0) aya 108. ka'?ulai (0) k i i k i I a i 54. umur'afa (0) uma 109 . 'ata 'teuru (0) boto 55 . 'afa (0) he re 1l0 . (0) nate 57. n'awa (0) n awa , naua, una lll. ' f i ' bE re (0) i h i 58. g'EhE (0) tutu 112 . a r, ra (heat, hot) 59. mi it (0) (i)mi r e 113. 'butik 60 . ta'E ( 0) yeete 114 . ' gawa (0) h a r i 61- b'as I (0) a Ii 117 . ( 0) nana 65 10. IKHTISAR SINGKAT Karangan ini mengemukakan satu klasifikasi seme nt ara dari bahasa bahasa yang dipergunakan di pulau Alor dan sekit arnya (provinsi N.T.T. ). Menurut pendapat pengarang bahan-bahan yang diberikan dalam laporan ini dapat dianggap sebagai bukt i untuk hypotese mengenai re lasi genetis , pertama , antara bahasa-bahasa yang dipakai di kepulauan Alor (b .A/P) ; kedua , antara b.A/P dan beberapa bahasa di pulau Timor (Bunak , Makasai ) dan , ketiga , di antara A/P , bahasa Timor yang tersebut di at as dan bahasa-bahasa di jaz irah Irian Jaya (Kepala Burung) , yaitu bahasa-bahasa Pasar Baru, Purangi , Konda dan Yahadian . Lain daripada itu, disaj ikan juga beberapa data administrat ip (lihat peta I) beserta sumb er mat eri yang terpenting yang berhubungan dengan penelitian bahasa-bahasa Alor (lihat juga daftar karangan-karangan/buku buku) . Juga dib icarakan fungsi bahasa Indonesia dalam masyarakat multilinggual ini . Klasifikasi dari b.A/P ini didasarkan at as dua sumber data: a) hasil dari metode leksiko-stat sitik (lihat tabel 3) b) keterangan dari penduduk/informan masing-mas ing. Berdasarkan kriterium-kriterium yang tersebut diatas itu, maka untuk sementara baru dapat ditentukan 13 bahasa (lihat peta II : untuk tiap bahasa diberi nama yang paling netral), di antaranya satu yang harus dianggap seb agai satu bahasa Austronesia (bahasa Alor) , sedangkan yang lainnya seb agai bahasa non-Austrone sia (bahasa-bahasa Lamma , Tewa , Blagar, Nedebang, Kabola, Kafoa, Kelon , Kui/Kiraman(g) , Ab ui , Woisika , Tanglapui dan Kolana ). Bahasa Alor (a. l. Alor Ke cil, Alor Besar) dipergunakan di sepanj ang daerah pantai semenanj ung Alor di sekitar Kota Kalabahi sampai ke Sebanj ar. Juga dipakai di sebelah ut ara pulau Pant ar , di sekitar Blangmerang, di dua daerah di sebelah barat Pant ar dan di sebagian pulau Merica . Bahasa Alor, yang tak sangat berbeda de ngan b. Lamaholot (yang dipakai a.l. oleh penduduk pulau Solor, Lembata, Adonare dan bagian sebelah timur pulau Flores ), berfungsi sebagai bahasa pergaulan ant ara penduduk pulau yang tersebut di at as , walaupun akhir-akhir ini ada kecenderungan bahwa b. Indonesia akan menggantikannya. Dalam kehidupan resmi , di sekolah, di ge rej a dan dalam keluarga-ke luarga dimana ayah dan ibu mempunyai bahasa yang saling berbeda, b. Indonesia dipergunakan sebagai alat komunikasi ut ama , sehingga anak-anak nya seringkali (hamp ir) tidak mengenal bahasa orangt uanya. Bahas a Lamma dipergunakan oleh penduduk daerah barat daya pulau Pantar . Tiga dialek sudah diket ahui : a) Kalondama , b) Tub al at au Mauta, c) Biangwa lla. Bahasa Tewa khususnya merupakan bahasa orang-orang di bagian 66 tengah pulau Pantar . Bahasa Tewa mempunyai tiga dialek : a) ,Deing, b) Madar , C) Lebang (juga disebut Sargang). Bahasa Blagar digunakan baik oleh penduduk bagian timur pulau Pantar, maupun oleh penduduk pulau Tereweng, pulau Pura dan pulau Ternate. Bahasa Nedebang dipergunakan di bagian barat kecamat an Pantar. Bahasa Kabola dipakai di jaz irah pulau Alor (Kepala Burung) dan di seberang teluk Kabola , yaitu di Hamap (dekat Moru) . Bahasa Ko foa terdapat di tengah -tengah daerah b.Kelon. Bahasa Kelon terdapat di bagian barat daya pulau Pantar dan juga di dekat Kabir (Panggar) . Bahasa Kui/Ki raman (g) terdiri dari dua dialek : Kui dan Kiraman(g) . Kui dipakai di sepanj ang pantai barat day a dan di sekitar Bat ulo long. Kiraman(g) digunakan oleh penduduk Sibera. Bahasa Kui juga dipergunakan di sekitar Moru. Bahasa Ab ui : daerahnya luas , dari pantai sebelah Barat sampai kira-kira batas yang menghub ungkan Letley me lalui Apui dengan Sibera . Bahasa Woi slka dan b. Tanglapui merupakan bahasa bahasa penduduk di pedalaman . Bahasa ini terdapat di Alor Timor dan dianggap sebagai bahasa yang palin g sukar oleh penduduk wilaya lain . Bahasa Kolana: letaknya di pantai sebelah timur dan sebelah tenggara pulau Alor. Bahasa ini dipakai juga di sekitar Taramana dan Takala. Karena dalam memb icarakan penduduk Alor dan pulau lain belum pernah dilakukan perincian jumlah penduduk yang didasarkan pada golongan golongan sukubangsa atau masyarakat bahasa/dialek ma sing-masing , maka kami belum mampu memb erikan keterangan tentang jumlah pembicara tiap tiap bahasa yang terdapat . Metode leksiko-statistik dan beb erapa pers amaan yang terdapat dalam bidang tatabahasa juga sudah membukt ikan bahwa bahasa-bahasa non Aust ronesia itu saling berhubungan (bahasa-bah asa tersebut menunj ukkan 24-71% "shared radical cognates" dan merupakan satu kelompok bahasa tersendiri dalam "West Papuan Phylum" (Cowan : 1960). Kriterium-kriterium yang dipakai untuk menent ukan sifat non- Austronesia dari b.A/P itu adalah : a) leksikon b) gejala "inalienables", yaitu, kat a-kata yang hanya timb ul dengan awalan posesif (rup anya, fenomen ini terb at as pada istilah istilah untuk hubungan keluarga ("kinship terms ) dan bagian bagian tubuh) . c) penunj uk-penunj Uk untuk oknum dan bilangan grammat ikal (lihat tabel 4) d) konstruksi genitip yang terbalik e) sistem hitungan/kat ab i langan yang merupakan sej enis sistem kwiner (lihat tabel 5) . 67 Akhirnya disaj ikan has il dari perbandingan antara b .A/P , bahasa Bunak , bahasa Makasai dan bahasa-bahasa Kepala Burung (Irian Jaya) dan ditentukan pers amaan antara penunj uk untuk oknum dalam bentuk mufrad . Tigap uluh daftar kat a dit amb ahkan dalam ej aan fonetis (lihat tabel 1, 2) dari bermacam-bermacam bahasa/dialek kepulauan Alor ini . Di samp ing itu, juga disaj ikan daft ar kat a dari bahasa-bahasa Bunak dan Makasai disertai dengan terj emahan dalam bahasa Inggeris dan bahasa Indonesia. NOT E S 1. This paper is a preliminary investigat ion in connection with proj ect W 38-7 (the description of two Alor languages) sponsored by the Netherlands Foundat ion for the Advancement of Tropical Re search . Th e author would like to express his thanks to the Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (Jakarta) and to the local authorities in Nusa Tenggara Timor for their cooperat ion and C.L. Voorhoeve and H. Steinhauer who read an earlier version of this paper and offered much valuab le criticism. 2. The Solor-Alor archipelago consists of the islands Solor, Adonare , Lomblem, Pantar , Pura, Alor and several smaller islands . 3. Pointed brackets refer to Map 1. 4. See Section 5 - Classification. 5 . A few examples (for the phonetic symbols , see Section 1.1) . Compare list 34 (Ko lana) : 2 nel'okmal), 3 nelwas 'er, 4 ninb'atA, 5 new'erlakA , 11 new'ermal), 12 neb' irI, 13 neb'i rk lutU , 16 l'o mu , 19 newak 'at- , 20 nem'eyn , 29 k(a)l'ut-, 30 nad' LI), 33 'el::>. List 33 (Tanglapui ): 3 n'omkwe , 15 I)w ' akke , 29 nay'akka, 30 n'anden , 34 idz'ayr, 37 I) 'addan , 40 ap'ey. List 11 Retta (Pura) : 4 nOl)b= 'aha, 5 nab ='eri , 8 nam' LI), 12 nah ' i, 13 nab'ar, 18 naw'ehil), 20 nab'oh, 32 not 'ow. Compare also lists 29 and 30 (Pido I and II). 6. Questioning about the name of the languages and the dialects yields a bewildering set of possibilities : some informant s give the name of their clan and/or the name(s) of their old vi llage (in the mountains ). Others mention the new village (near the coast ) or the administrat ive unit to which they belong. Sometime s an informant indicates his language 68 69 by means of the name others use (e.g. , his old or new neighbours ) in referring to him, his clan , his vi llage or his language . It goes without saying that his neighb ours possess their own name(s) for their own lan guage and that these names may be different from the names which our informant uses when discussing their language . I mention here the most common name s only . 7. Nieuwenkamp (1925) mentions a form det i (?<*Y'etiQ) for 5 in the language of Barawahing (Abui ). I have not been ab le to trace this form. 8. The percentage s offered here may be misleading in regard to the figures given in Chart 3. Th e number of comp arisons used in determining the percentages should be taken into account : for Buna? and Makasai forty comp arisons are involved. 9. However, it is obvious that as long as detai led descriptions of these languages are want ing, genetic-comparat ive work remains speculative : at this stage , only tentative conclusions can be drawn (see also Leont 'ev 1974:39, Moeliono 196 3:31) . 10 . In order to prevent the reader from drift ing into a real 'mer a boire ' a representative selection has been made from the lists I collected. From these lists the first 117 items are presented. For instances of dialectal variat ion , see Section 5 - Classification. The nouns indi cating family relations and bodyparts are given with the first singular possessive prefix . BIBLI OGRAPHY Abbreviations : Bijd�TLV: Bijd�agen �o� de �aal-land-en Volkenkunde TAG Tijd4 Ch�i6� van he� Konink�jk Nede�land4 Aa�d�jk4kundig Genoo�4 chap ANCEAUX , J.C. 19 73 'Naschrift ', Bijd�TLV 129 . 345-46. ANONYMOUS [M.H. du Croo ?] 19 14 'De eilanden Alor en Pantar, Re sidentie Timor en e onderhoorigheden '. TAG 2 series , 31(1) . 70-102. A[rrny] M[ap] S[ervice ] (LN) 1942 Le44e� Sunda I6land:Alo�, Te�na�e, Ki6 U, (1:100,000) 3 sheets BARNES, R. 19 73 'Two terminologies of symmetric pres criptive alliance from Pantar and Alor in Eastern Indonesia' , Sociolo gU4 23(1). 71-89 . BERTHE , L. 1959 'Sur quelque distiques Buna? (Timor Central) ', Bijd�TLV 115. 336-371. 1963 'La morpho-syntaxe du Buna? ', L'Homme 3.106-16 . 19 72 Bei Gua, I�ine�ai�e de6 Anc���e4 . My�he6 de Buna? de Timo�. Paris , Centre Nati onal de la Re cherche Scientifique . 70 71 BOUMAN , M.A. 19 43 'De Aloreesche dansplaats' , B�jd�TLV 102 . 481-500 . BROUWE R, D. 19 35 B�jd�age �o� de an�h�opolog�e de� Alo�-e�landen. Amsterdam (Ph.D. Thesis). CAPELL , A. 194 3-45 'Peoples and languages of Timor' , Oeean�a 14 . 191-219 , 311-37 ; 15 (1). 19-48. COWAN , H.K.J. 19 53 Voo�lop�g e �e6 ul�a�en van een amb�e�jk �aal- onde�zoek �n N�euw-Gu�nea. Den Haag, Martinus Nijhoff. 19 57 'A large Papua phylum in West New Guinea' , Oeean�a 28. 159-66. 1960 'Nadere ge ge vens betreffende de verbreiding der West-Papoease Taalgroep (Vogelkop , Nieuw-Guinea) , . B�jd�TLV 116. 350-64. 19 63 'Le Buna? de Timor: une langue Ouest-Papoue ', B�jd�TLV 119 . 387-400 . 19 65 'The Oirata Language ', L�ngua 14 . 360-70 . DU BOIS , C. 19 44 The people 06 Alo�. University of Minnesota Press . (Reprinted as paperb ack in 1961 in Harper Torchb ooks , B704 2) . ESSER, S.J. 19 38 A�la6 van TAop�6 eh Nede�land. Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundi g Genoots chap , Amsterdam . ( Language map (9b) : Alor , Pantar , Flores ) . GAALEN , G.A.M. , VAN 19 46 Memo�e van Ove�gave van den 6undgee�end eon��oleu� van Alo�. (Unpublished) . GREENBERG , J.S. 19 71 'The Indo-Pacific Hypothesis ', Cu��en� T�end6 �n L�ngu�6 ��C6 8.807-71. 72 JOSSELIN DE JONG, J.P.B. , DE 19 37 S�udie.� in Indone.�ian Cul�uJte., I. OiJta�a: a TimoJte.� e. �e.��le.me.n� on Ki� aJt. LEMOINE , A. 1969 'Histoire de Pantar', L'Homme. 9(4,5) .5-32 . LEONT 'EV, A.A. 19 74 Papu���ie. Jazy�i. Jazy�i NaJtodov Azii i A6JU�i . LIJNDEN , D.W.C. , BARON VAN 1851 'Bijdragen tot de kennis van Solor, Alor, Rotti en Savoe en omli ggende eilanden ', Na�uuJt�undig �ijd� ehJti6� van Ne.de.Jtland� ch Indie 2.317-36, 388-414. MOELIONO, A.M. 19 63 'Ragam bahasa di Irian Barat ', Pe.ndudu� IJUan BaJta� (ed. by Koentjaraningrat , Harsja W. Bachtiar) 28-38. NICOLSPEYER, M.M. 1940 Ve. �ociale. ��Jtuc�uuJt van e.e.n AloJte.e.� che. be.vol�ing� gJtoe.p. Rij swijk (ZH) , V.A. Kramers (Ph.D. Thesis ). NIEUWENKAMP , W.O.J. 19 22 'Drie weken op A1or' , Ne.de.Jtland� ch Indie. Oud e.n Nie.uw 7(3) . 67-88 . 1925 Zwe.Jt6�och� dooJt TimoJt e.n Onde.Jth o oJtighe.de.n. NOACH , M.A. 19 71 Se.jaJtah Su�u Abui (di �e.bupa�e.n AloJt) . (Unpublished). RE INWARDT , C.G.C. 1858 Re.i� naaJt he.� Oo� �e.lij� ge.de.e.l�e. van de. Ind. AJtchipe.l in he.� jaaJt 1821. Amsterdam, F. Muller. RIJNDERS , K. 19 38 Me.moJUe. van ove.Jtgave.. (Unpub lished) . LE ROUX 19 29 'De Elcano 's tocht door den Timorarchipe1 met Mage 1haes ' schip Vi ctoria', Fe.e.h�bunde.l (2),1-70 (ed. by Het Konink1ijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen) . 73 SALZNER, R. 1960 SpJtachenatlcu, de4 Indopazi6.t4 chen Raume4 . 2 Vo1s . (Map 24: A1or-Pant ar ) Wiesbaden , Harrassowitz . TEMMINCK , C.J. 1849 Coup d' oeil glneJtal 4UJt le4 p044e44ion4 neeJtlanda...t4e4 dan4 l'lnde AJtchipelagique, (3). Leiden, A. Arnz . TILUATA, H. 1971 LapoJtan hcu,il pene.e...tti an Suku Abui. (Unpublished ) VATTER, E. 19 32 Ata Kiwan. Unbekannte BeJtgvolkeJt im TJtopi4 ch en Holland. Leipzig, Bib1iographisches Institut . WATUSEKE , F.C. 19 73 'Gegevens over de taa1 van Pant ar : een Irian taa1' , BijdJtTLV 129 . 340-46 . WURM, S.A. 1971 'The Papuan Linguistic Situation ', CuJtJtent TJtend4 in Lingui4tic.4 8.541-657 . PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Series A, No s. 1-9, Series B, No s. 1-6 , Series C, No s. 1 and 3, and Bulletins 1 and 2 were called LINGUISTIC CIRCLE OF CANBERRA PUBLICATIONS . Al l publications (including reprints of earl ier items ) subsequent to July 1967 bear the new name PACIFIC LINGUISTICS. After each entry , ISBN numbers have be en added . 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ISBN 0 85883 015 9 No .ll VON BRANDENSTE IN , C.G. , A. Capell, and K. Hale Pape�6 �� $2.50 AU6t�al�a� L��g U�6 t�C6 No .2. 1967 ; iii + 7 3 pp . + 7 maps . Reprinted 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 016 7 No .12 McELHANON , K.A. and G. Renck Pape�6 �� New Gu��ea L��gU�6 t�C6 $1.25 No .6. 1967 ; iv + 48 pp . Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 017 5 No .13 GODDARD , J. and K.J. Franklin Pape�6 �� New Gu��ea L��gU�6 - $1.50 t�C6 No .7. 1967 ; iv + 59 pp . Reprinted 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 018 3 No .14 AGUAS , E.F. and D.T. Tryon Pape�6 �� AU6t�al�a� L��gU�6t�C6 $1.25 No .3. 1968 ; iii + 46 pp . + 1 map . Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 019 No .1S CAPELL , A. , G.J. Parker , and A.J. Schutz Pape�6 �� L��g u�6 - $1 .50 t�C6 06 Mela�e6�a No .1. 1968 ; iii + 52 pp . + 1 map . Re- printed 1971. ISBN 0 85883 020 5 No .16 VOORHOEVE , C.L. , K.J. Franklin, and G. Scott Pape�6 �� New $1. 50 Gu��ea L��gU�6 t�C6 No .8. 1968 ; iv + 62 pp .; 2 maps . Re- printed 1971. ISBN 0 85883 02 1 3 No .17 KINSLOW HARRIS , J. , S.A. Wurm , and D.C. Laycock Pape�6 �� $2.50 AU6t�al�a� L��gU�6 �C6 No .4. 1969; vi + 97 pp .; 3 maps . Re- printed 1971. ISBN 0 85883 022 I No .18 CAPELL , A. ; A. Healey , A. Is oroembo , and M. Chittleborough ; $2.50 and D.B. Wilson Pape�6 �� New Gu��ea L��gU�6t�C6 No .9. 1969; vi + 110 pp . ; 1 map . Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 023 X No .19 MILLER, J. and H.W. Mi ller Pape�6 �� Ph�l�pp��e L��g U�6 t� C6 $1 .25 No .2. 1969; iii + 32 pp . Reprinted 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 024 8 No .20 PRENTICE , D.J. Pape�6 �� Bo��eo L��g U�6t�C6 No .1. 1969 ; $1.25 iv + 41 pp . Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 025 6 No .21 CAPELL , A. , A. Chowning , and S.A. Wurm Pape�6 �� L��g U�6 t�C6 $2.50 06 Mela�e6�a No .2. 1970 ; v + 105 pp .; 5 maps . ISBN 0 85883 002 7 3 PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Occas ional Papers - continued No .22 LAYCOCK , D.C. , Richard G. Lloyd , and Philip Staalsen Pap etl.� $2.50 i� New Gui�ea Li�g ui� tie� No .10. 1969; v + 84 pp . ISBN 0 85883 026 4 No .23 BUNN , G. and R. ; Alan Pence , Elaine Geary , and Doris Bjorkman; $2.50 H. and N. Weimer; and O.R. Claassen and K.A. McElhanon PapeJt� i� New Guinea Li�g ui�tie� No .ll. 1970; v + 78 pp . ; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 00 1 9 No .24 ABRAMS , N. , J. Forster , and R. Brichoux PapeJt� i� Philippi�e $2.50 Li�g ui�tie� No .3. 1970; vi + 77 pp . ISBN 0 85883 000 0 No .25 VOORHOEVE , C.L. , K.A. McElhanon , and Bruce L. and Ruth Blowers $1 . 50 PapeJt� i� New Gui�ea Li�gui�tie� No .12. 1970 ; iv + 60 pp . + 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 027 2 No .26 BLOWERS , B.L. , Margie Griffin , and K.A. McE lhanon PapeJt� i� $1. 50 New Guinea Lingui� tie� No .13. 1970 ; iv + 48 pp . ISBN 0 85883 028 0 No .27 KIRTON , Jean F. PapeJt� i� Au�tJtalia� Ling ui�tie� No .5. 1971; $1. 75 iv + 70 pp . ISBN 0 85883 029 9 No .28 DUTTON , T. , C.L. Voorhoeve , and S.A. Wurm PapeJt� in New $4.00 Gui�ea Lingui�tie� No .14. 1971 ; vi + 172 pp . ; 8 maps . ISBN 0 85883 030 2 No .29 GLOVER, Warren W. , Maria Hari , and E.R. Hope PapeJt� i� South $2.50 Ea�t A�ia� Li�g ui�tie� No .2. 1971; iv + 78 pp . ; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 03 1 0 No .30 DELLINGER , D.W. , E.R. Hope , Makio Katsura , and Tatsuo Nishida $2.50 PapeJt� i� South Ea�t A�ia� Li�g ui� tie� No .3. 1973; iv + 82 pp . ISBN 0 85883 09 1 4 No .31 LEWIS, R.K. , Sandra C. Lewis, Shirley Litteral , and P. Staalsen $1.75 PapeJt� in New Gui�ea Li�gui�tie� No .15. 1972; v + 69 pp . ISBN 0 85883 032 9 No .32 HOHULIN , R.M. and Lou Hohulin Pap eJt� i� Phaippi�e Ung ui� tie� $1 . 25 No .4. 1971; iv + 32 pp . ISBN 0 85883 033 7 No .34 ALLEN , Janice and M. Lawrence PapeJt� i� New Gui�ea U�g ui� tiCl> $1. 50 No .16. 1972; iii + 46 pp . ISBN 0 85883 08 1 7 4 PACI FIC LINGUISTICS Occasional Papers - continued No .35 BEAUMONT , C. , D.T. Tryon , and S.A. Wurm Pape�h in Ling uih�ich $2.50 06 Melanehia No . 3. 1972; vii + 113 pp . + 6 maps. ISBN 0 85883 083 3 No .36 SCHEBECK , B. ; and L.A. Hercus and I.M. White Pape�h in AUh $2.50 ��alian Ling uih�ich No .6. 1973; iv + 72 pp . + 4 pages of photographs + 2 maps . ISBN 0 85883 095 7 No .3? FURBY , Christine E. , Luise A. Hercus , and Christine Kilharn $2.50 Pape�h in AUh ��alian Linguih �ich No .7. 1974 ; iv + 73 pp . + 1 map + 3 photographs . ISBN 0 85883 116 3 No .38 HOLZKNECHT , K.G. and D.J. Phillips Pap e�h in New Guinea Un- $2.50 guih�ich No .17. 1973; iii + 78 pp . ISBN 0 85883 097 3 No .39 SHARPE, M.C. , L. Jagst, and D.B.W. Birk Pape�h in AUh��alian $2.50 Ung uih�ich No .8. 1975; v + 78 pp . ISBN 0 85883 126 0 No .40 CONRAD , R. and W. Dye ; N.P. Thomson; and L.P. Bruce Jr . Pap e�h $3.00 in New Guinea Linguih �ich No .18. 1975; iv + 102 pp . + 5 maps . ISBN 0 85883 I 18 X No .41 CHANDLER , Donna Hettick, E. Ruch, and Jeannette Witucki Pape�h $2 .50 in Philippine Linguih�ich No .5. 1974; iv + 74 pp . ISBN 0 85883 114 7 No .43 HEADLAND , T.N. and A. Healey ; and Jeannette Witucki Pape�h in $2.5 0 Philippine Ling uih�ich No .6. 1974 ; iii + 74 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 108 2 In preparation: No .33 COURT , C. and D.J. Prentice Pape�h in Bo�neo Ling uih�ich No .2 No .42 HUDSON , Joyce and Barbara J. Sayers Pap e�h in AUh��alian Linguih�ich No .9 SER IES B - MONOGRAPHS No . 1 WURM, S.A. and J.B. Harris POLICE MOTU, An in��oduc�ion �o �he $2.50 T�ade Languag e 06 Papua (New Guinea ) 60� an�h�opologih�h and o�he� 6ieldwo�Re�h . 1963; vi + 81 pp . Reprinted 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967 , 1969, 1970, 1971 , 1973. ISBN 0 85883 034 5 5 PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Mono graphs - continued No . 2 WURM, S.A. Phonological Viv e�� i6ication in Au�t �alian New $2 . 50 Guinea Hig hland� Lang uag e� . 1964; iii + 87 pp .; 1 map . Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 035 3 No . 3 HEALEY, Alan Tele60l Phonology. 1964; iii + 1 figure + $1.50 53 pp . + 5 tables . Reprinted 1972. ISBN 0 85883 036 No . 4 HEALEY , Phyllis M. Tele60l Noun Ph�a� e� . 1965; iii + 51 pp . $1.50 Reprinted 1972. ISBN 0 85883 037 X No . S HEALEY , Phyllis M. Level� and Chaining in Tele60l Sentence¢ . $1 .75 1966; iv + 64 pp . Reprinted 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 038 8 No . 6 TRYON , Darrell T. Nengone G�amma� . 1967 ; x + 91 pp . Re- $2.50 printed 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 039 6 No . 7 TRYON , Darrell T. Vehu G�amma� . 1968 ; ix + 111 pp . Re- $3 .00 printed 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 040 X No . 8 TRYON , Darrell T. 1ai G�amma� . 1968 ; xii + 125 pp . Re- $3 .50 printed 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 04 1 8 No . 9 DUTTON , T.E. The Peo pling 06 Ce nt�al Papua: Some P� elimina�y $4 .00 Ob� e�vatio n� . 1969; viii + 182 pp . Reprinted 1970, 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 042 6 No .l0 FRANKLIN, K.J. The Vialect� 06 Kewa . 1968; iv + 72 pp .; $3 . 00 20 maps . Reprinted 1971 . ISBN 0 85883 043 4 No .ll SOMMER, B.A. Kunjen Phonolog y: Synch�onic and Viach �onic. $2.50 1969; iv + 72 pp .; 3 maps . ISBN 0 85883 044 2 No .12 KLOKE ID, T.J. Tha�ga�i Phonology and Mo�phology. 1969; $1. 50 viii + 56 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 045 0 No .13 TREFRY , D. A Compa�ative Study 06 Kuman and Pawaian. 1969; $2 .50 iv + 94 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 046 9 No .14 McELHANON , K.A. Selepet Phonolog y. 1970; v + 47 pp .; 1 map . $1.50 ISBN 0 85883 003 5 No .1S TRYON , D.T., An 1nt�oductio n to Ma�anung ku (No�the�n Au� - $3.00 t�alia l. 1970; vi + 111 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 047 7 6 PACI FIC LINGU ISTICS Monog raphs - continued No .16 McELHANON , K.A. and C.L. Voorhoeve The T��n¢ -New Gu�ne� $3. 00 Phylum : Explo��t�o n¢ �n Veep-lev el Genet�c Rei�t�on¢ h�p¢ . 1970; v + 107 pp . ; 4 maps . ISBN 0 85883 048 5 No .17 KUKI , Hiroshi Tu�motu�n Phonoiogy. 1970; ix + 119 pp .; $3.00 2 maps . ISBN 0 85883 049 3 No .la YOUNG , R.A. The Ve�b �n Bena-Bena : �t¢ Fo�m and Funct�on. $1. 75 1971; v + 68 pp . ISBN 0 85883 050 7 No .19 PATON , W.F. Amb�ym (Lonwoiwoi) G�amma� . 1971 ; xi + 128 pp .; $3. 50 1 map . I S B N 0 85883 05 I 5 No .20 CAPELL , A. A�o¢� G�amma� . 1971 ; iv + 90 pp .; 1 map . $2. 50 ISBN 0 85883 052 3 No .21 McELHANON , K.A. Seiepet G�amma� . Pa�t I: F�om Root to Ph�a¢ e. $3.00 1972; vi + 116 pp . ISBN 0 85883 085 X and ISBN 0 85883 086 8 No .22 McELHANON , K.A. Towa�d¢ a Typoiogy 06 the F�n�¢te�� e-Huon Lan- $2 .00 guag e¢ , New Gu�nea . 1973; vii + 73 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 094 9 No .23 SCOTT , Graham H�ghe� Lev ei¢ 06 Fo�e G�amma� . Edited by Robert $3.00 E. Longacre . 1973; x + 88 pp . ISBN 0 85883 088 4 No .24 DUTTON , T.E. A Checki�¢t 06 Lang uag e¢ and P� e¢ ent-day V�ilag e¢ $2 .00 06 Cent�ai and South-Ea¢t Ma�nia nd Papua . 1973; iv + 80 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 090 6 No .2S LAYCOCK , D.C. Sep�k Languag e¢ - Checki�¢ t and P� ei�m�na�y $3.50 Cia¢¢�6�cat�on. 1973; iv + 130 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 084 No .26 MUHLHAUSLER, P. P�dg�n�zat�on and S�mpi�6 �cat�on 06 Lang uag e. $4.00 1974; v + 161 pp . ISBN 0 85883 113 9 No .27 RAMOS , Teresita V. The Ca¢ e Sy¢tem 06 Tagalog Ve�b¢ . 1974; $4.50 viii + 168 pp . ISBN 0 85883 I 15 5 No .28 WE ST , Dorothy Wojoke¢o Sent ence, Pa�ag�aph, and V�¢cou�¢ e $5.00 Analy¢ �¢ . Edited by Robert E. Longacre . 1973 ; x + 181 pp . ISBN 0 85883 089 2 No .29 ELBERT , Samuel H. Puluwat Gnamm�� . 1974; v + 137 pp . $3.50 ISBN 0 85883 103 I 7 PACI FIC LINGUISTICS Monographs - continued No .30 METCALFE , C.D. Ba1di Ve�b Mo�phology (N o�thweh te�n AUht�alia ). $5.50 1975; x + 215 pp . ; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 121 X No .31 VOORHOEVE , C.L. Lang uag eh 06 l�ian Jaya : Cheekliht. $4 .00 P� elimina�y Clahhi6ieatio n, Languag e Maph , Wo�dlihth . 1975; iv + 129 pp .; 17 maps. ISBN 0 85883 128 7 No .32 WALTON , Janice Binongan Itneg Senteneeh . 1975; vi + 70 pp . $2.00 ISBN 0 85883 117 I No .33 GUY , J.M.B. A G�amma� 06 the No�the�n Vialeet 06 Sakao . 1974; $3 .00 ix + 99 pp . ; 2 maps . ISBN 0 85883 104 X No .34 HOPE, E.R. The Veep Syntax 06 LihU Senteneeh . A T�anh 60�ma $5.00 tional Cah e G�amma� . 1974; viii + 184 pp . + 1 map . ISBN " O 85883 110 4 No .35 IRWIN , Barry Salt- Yui G�amma� . 1974; iv + 151 pp . $4 .00 ISBN 0 85883 I I I 2 No .38 SNEDDON , J.N. Tondano Phonology and G�amma� . 1975; $7.00 viii + 264 pp . ISBN 0 85883 125 2 No .39 LANG, Adrianne The Semantieh 06 Clahhi6ieato�y Ve�bh in Enga $6 .00 (and oth� Papua New Guinea Languag eh ). 1975; xii + 234 pp .; 2 maps . ISBN 0 85883 123 6 No .43 STOKHOF , W.A.L. P� elimina�y Noteh on the Alo� and Panta� Lan $2.00 guag eh (Eaht Indonehia) . 1975; vi + 73 pp . + 2 ma ps . ISBN 0 85883 124 4 In preparation : No .36 PHILLIPS , D.J. Wahgi Phonology and Mo�phology No .37 NGUYEN DANG LIEM Cah eh , ClaUh eh and Senteneeh in Vietnameh e No .40 RENCK, G.L. A G�amma� 06 Yaga�ia No .41 Z'GRAGGEN , J.A. Lang uag eh 06 the Madang Viht�iet No.42 FURBY , E.S. and C.E. A P� elimina� y AnalYhih 06 Ga�awa Ph�ah eh and ClaUh eh No .44 SAYERS , Barbara The Sent enee in Wik-Munkan No.45 LEE , Jennifer R. Noteh on Li Hawu (Eahte�n Indonehia ) No .46 GL ISSMEYER , Gloria A Tagm emie AnalYhih 06 Hawaii Englih h Clauh eh 8 PACIFIC LINGUISTICS SER IES C - BOOKS No . 1 LAYCOCK , D.C. The Ndu Languag e Family ISepik Vi�t�ict, New $5.50 Guinea) . 1965; xi + 224 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 053 No . 3 NGUYEN DANG LIEM Engli� h G�amma� IA Cont�a�tiv e Analy�i� 06 $5.50 Engli� h and Vietname� e vol.l) . 1966 ; xliv + 177 pp . Reprinted 1970. ISBN 0 85883 054 X and ISBN 0 85883 055 8 No . 4 NGUYEN DANG LIEM Vietname� e G�amma� IA Cont�a�tive Analy�i� 06 $6.00 Engli� h and Vietname� e vol.2) . 1969; xliii + 209 pp . ISBN 0 85883 054 X and ISBN 0 85883 056 6 No . 5 NGUYEN DANG LIEM A Cont�a�tiv e G�ammatical Analy�i� 06 Engli� h $4.00 and Vietname� e IA Cont�a�tive Analy�i� 06 Eng li� h and Vi etname� e vol.3). 1967; xv + 151 pp . Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 054 X and ISBN 0 85883 057 4 No . 6 TRYON , Darrell T. Vehu- Engli� h Victiona�y. 1967; v + 137 pp . $3.50 Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 058 2 No . 7 TRYON , Darrell T. Engli� h-Vehu Victiona�y. 1967; iii + 162 pp . $4.00 Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 059 0 No . 8 NGUYEN DANG LIEM A Cont�a�tive Phonological Analy�i� 06 $6.00 Engli� h and Vietnam e� e IA Cont�a�tiv e Analy� i� 06 Engli� h and Vietname� e vol.4). 1970; xv + 206 pp . ISBN 0 85883 054 X and ISBN 0 85883 004 3 No . 9 TRYON , D.T. and M.-J. Dubois Nengone Victiona�y. Pa�t 1: $10 .00 Nengone-Eng li� h. 1969 ; vii + 445 pp . ISBN 0 85883 060 4 and ISBN 0 85883 06 1 2 No .10 OATES, W. and L. Oates Kapau Pedagogical G�amma� . 1968; $4.50 v + 178 pp . Reprinted 1971. ISBN 0 85883 062 0 No .11 FOX , C.E. AAo�i- Engli� h Victiona�y. 1970; iv + 406 pp .; $9.50 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 063 9 No .13 WURM, S.A. and D.C. Laycock, Eds . Paci6ic Lingui�tic Studie� $30.00 in Honou� 06 A�thu� Capell . 1970; viii + 1292 pp .; 25 maps ; 1 photograph . Reprinted 1975. ISBN 0 85883 005 I Articles authored, or co-authored , by : B.W. Bender , Catherine M. Berndt , R.M. Berndt , H. Bluhme , J.E. Bolt , C.G. von Brandenstein , tC .D. Chretien , J.R. Cleverly , C. Court , R.M.W. Dixon , W.H. Douglas, T.E. Dutton , I. Dyen , S.H. Elbert , A.P. Elkin , E.H. Flint , K.J. Franklin , Marie Godfrey, G.W. Grace, K. Hale, Joy Harris , A. Healey, H. Hershberger , Ruth Hershberger , 9 PACIFIC LINGU ISTICS Books - continued W.G. Hoddinot , P.W. Hohepa , N.M. Holmer , B.A. Hooley , Dorothy J. Jame s, H. Kahler , Susan Kaldor , H. Kerr , Jean F. Kirton , D.C. Laycock, Nguyen Dang Liem , K.A. McE1hanon , H. McKaughan , G.N. O'Grady , A. Pawley, Eunice V. Pike , R. Pittman , D.J. Prentice, A.J. Schutz, M.C. Sharpe , tW.E. Smythe , A.J. Taylor , D.T. Tryon , E.M. Uhlenbeck , C.F. Voegelin , F.M. Voege1in, C.L. Voorhoeve , S.A. Wurm , J. Z'Graggen . No .14 GEERTS , P. 'A4e 'a4e V�c��0�a4Y . 1970; iv + 185 pp .; 1 map. $4.50 ISBN 0 85883 064 7 No .1S McELHANON , K.A. and N.A. Selepet- E�gl�� h V�c��0�a4Y . 1970; $4. 50 xxi + 144 pp . ISBN 0 85883 065 5 No .16 FRANKLIN, K.J. A G4amma4 06 Kewa , New Gu��ea . 1971; $3.50 ix + 138 pp . ISBN 0 85883 066 3 No .17 PARKER, G.J. Sou�hea�� Amb4ym V�c��0 �a4Y . 1971; xiii + 60 pp . $1.75 ISBN 0 85883 067 I No .18 PRENTICE , D.J. The MU4U� La�guag e� 06 Sabah . 1971; $7.00 xi + 311 pp .; 1 map. ISBN 0 85883 068 X No .19 Z'GRAGGEN , J.A. Cla���6�cat04Y a�d Typolog�cal S�ud�e� �� $4. 50 La�g uag e� 06 the Mada�g V��t4�ct . 1971; viii + 179 pp .; 4 maps . ISBN 0 85883 069 8 No .20 LANG , Adrianne E�ga V�c��0�a4y w��h E�gl�� h l�dex. 1973 ; $8.50 Ivi + 219 pp . + 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 093 0 No .21 PATON , W.F. Amb4ym (Lo�wolwol l V�c��0�a4Y . 1973; $9.00 ix + 337 pp . + 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 092 2 No .22 LONGACRE , Robert E. , Ed . Ph�l�pp��e V�� cou4� e a�d Pa4ag4aph $8.50 Stud�e� �� Mem04y 06 Bet�y McLachl�� . 1971 ; xv + 366 pp .; 1 photograph . ISBN 0 85883 070 I Articles authored by : tBetty McLachlin and Barbara Blackburn , Hazel Wrigglesworth , Claudia Whittle , Charles Walton . No .23 TRYON , D.T. and M.-J. Dubois Ne�g o�e V�c��0 �a4y. Pa4� 11: $6 .00 E�gl�� h-Ne�go�e. 1971; iii + 202 pp . ISBN 0 85883 060 4 and ISBN 0 85883 07 1 X No .24 ELBERT , Samuel H. Puluwat V�c��0�a4Y. 1972 ; ix + 401 pp . $9.50 ISBN 0 85883 082 5 10 PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Books - continued No .25 FOX , Charles E. L�u Vic�ion��y, with English Index . 1974; $8 .50 vi + 260 pp . ISBN 0 85883 101 5 No .26 FRANKLIN , Karl, Ed ., in cooperation with M. Brown , T. Dutton , $14 .00 R. Lloyd , G. McDonald , D. Shaw , C. Voorhoeve , S. Wurm The Ling ui��ic Si�u��ion in �he Gul6 Vi���ic� �nd Adj�cen� A�e�� , P�pu� New Guine�. 1973; x + 597 pp .; 8 maps . ISBN 0 85883 100 7 No .27 HO-MIN SOHN and B.W. Bender A Uli�hi�n G��mm�� . 1973; $9.50 xv + 398 pp .; 2 maps . ISBN 0 85883 098 I No .28 HEADLAND , Thomas N. and Janet D. A Vum�g�� (C�� ig u��n) - $8.50 Engli� h Vic�ion�� y. 1974; lxii + 232 pp .; 1 map . ISBN 0 85883 107 4 No .29 DUTTON , T.E. , Ed . S�udie� in L�ngu�g e� 06 Cen���l �nd Sou�h $22.00 E��� P�pu�. 1975; xviii + 834 pp .; 5 maps . ISBN 0 85883 119 8 A collection of illustrative sketches of many hitherto un described languages of Central and South-East Papua by J. Austing , R.E. Cooper , T.E. Dutton , J. and C. Farr , R. and S. Garland , J.E. Henderson , J.A. Kolia (formerly Collier) , M. Olsen , A. Pawley, E.L. Richert , N.P. Thomson , R. Upia , H. and N. Weimer . No .3l NGUYEN DANG LIEM, Ed . Sou�h- E��� A�i�n Ling ui��ic S�udie� . $8 .00 1974; vii + 213 pp . ISBN 0 85883 099 X Articles authored by : Soenj ono Dardjowidj ojo, Cesar A. Hidalgo , Arthur G. Crisfield , Philip N. Jenner , Marybeth Clark , Nguyen Dang Liem , Saveros Pou . No .32 TRYON , D.T. V�ly F�mily L�ngu�g e� , Au����li� . 1974; $8.50 xvii + 303 pp . ; 1 map. ISBN 0 85883 106 6 No .34 GUY , J.B.M. H�ndboo� 06 Bichel�m�� - M�nuel de Bichel�m�� . $8.50 1974; iii + 256 pp . Reprinted 1975. ISBN 0 85883 109 0 No .35 KEESING , R.M. Kw�io Vic�io n��y. 1975; xxxiv + 296 pp .; 1 map. $10 .50 ISBN 0 85883 120 In preparation : No . 2 WURM , S.A. , Ed .; with P. Muhlhausler , D.C. Laycock and T.E. Dutton H�ndboo� 06 New Guine� Pidgin No .12 LAYCOCK, D.C. B��ic M��e�i�l� in Buin: G��mm�� , Tex�� , �nd Vic�io n��y No .30 LOVING , R. and A. Aw� Vic�io n��y 11 PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Books in preparat ion - continued No .33 WURM , S.A. and B. Wilson Englih h Find e� Liht 06 Reconht�uctio nh in AUht�o nehian Languag eh No .36 REID , L.A. Bo ntoc Victiona�y No .37 RENCK , G.L. Yag a�ia Victio na�y No .38 WURM , S.A. , Ed . Papuan Languag eh and the New Guinea Linguihtic Scene (New Guinea A�ea Languag eh and Languag e Study, vol .l) No .39 WURM , S.A. , Ed . AUht�onehian Lang uag eh (New Guinea A�ea Lang uag eh and Languag e Study, vol.2) No .40 WURM , S.A. , Ed . Lang uag e, Cultu� e, Society, and the Mode�n Wo�ld (New Guinea A�ea Languag eh and Languag e Study, vol .3) No .41 FLIERL , W. and H. Strauss, Eds . Kate Victiona�y No .42 NGUYEN DANG LIEM , Ed . South- Eaht Ahian Ling uihtic Studieh , vol .2 SERIES D - SPEC IAL PUBL ICAT IONS (Bul letins, archi val material s and other publ ications ) No . 1 Bulletin No .1. 1964; 9 pp . ISBN 0 85883 072 8 $0.25 No . 2 Bulletin No .2. 1965; 84 pp . ISBN 0 85883 073 6 $1 .50 No . 3 WURM, S.A. New Guinea Hig hlandh Pidgin: Cou�h e Mate�ialh . $4.00 1971; vii + 175 pp . ISBN 0 85883 074 4 No . 4 WURM, S.A. Languag e Map 06 the Eahte�n, Wehte�n and Southe�n $0.50 Hig hlandh , Te��ito�y 06 Papua and New Guinea . In 14 colours . 1961. ISBN 0 85883 075 2 No . 5 LAYCOCK, Don Mate�ialh �n New Guinea Pidgin (Coahtal and Low $3.00 la ndh ). 1970; xxxvii + 62 pp . Reprinted 1974 . ISBN 0 85883 076 0 No . 6 NGUYEN DANG LIEM Fou�-Syllable Idiomatic Exp�ehhionh in $1.75 Vietnameh e. 1970; v + 60 pp . ISBN 0 85883 077 9 No . 7 ELBERT , S.H. Th�ee Leg endh 06 Puluwat and a Bit 06 Tal�. $2.50 1971; viii + 85 pp .; 1 map ; 1 photograph . ISBN 0 85883 078 7 No . 8 LANG , A. , K.E.W. Mather , and M.L. Rose In6 0�mation Sto�ag e and $4.00 Ret�ieval: A Victio na�y P�o ject . 1973; vii + 151 pp . ISBN 0 85883 087 6 12 PACI FIC LINGUISTICS Special Publ i cati ons - continued No . 9 Index to Pae�n�e L�ngu��t�e� , Se�� e� A-V, a� at the end on $2 .50 1970. 1971; iv + 75 pp . ISBN 0 85883 079 5 No .lO PATON , W.F. Tal e� on Am b�ym . 1971; xiii + 82 pp .; 1 map. $2.50 ISBN 0 85883 080 9 No .12 DUTTON , T.E. Conv e�� at�onal New Gu�nea P�dg�n. 1973; $6.50 xviii + 292 pp . Reprinted 1974 . ISBN 0 85883 096 5 No .21 SCHEBECK, B. Text� on the Soe�al Sy�tem On the AtYnYama�a�a $6 .50 Peo ple. W�th G�ammat�eal Note� . 1974 ; xviii + 278 pp . + 1 photograph . ISBN 0 85883 102 3 No .24 DUTTON , T.E. and C.L. Voorhoeve 8 eg �nn�ng H��� Motu . 1974; $6 .50 xvii + 259 pp . ISBN 0 85883 112 0 No .2S Z'GRAGGEN , J.A. Languag e Map on the Madang V��t��et , Papua $0.30 New Gu�nea . 1973. ISBN 0 85883 105 8 No .26 GRACE , George W. Canala V�et�ona�y (New Caledo n�a ). 1975; $3.50 x + 128 pp . ISBN 0 85883 122 8 No .27 WURM, S.A. Sp� ead�ng on Languag e� �n the Southwe� te�n Pae�n�e $0 .50 (map). 1975. ISBN 085883 127 9 In preparation: No .ll PATON , W.F. Cu� tom� on Amb�ym (Text� , Song�, Gam e� and V�aw�ng� ) No .13 PAWLEY , A. and T.E. Dutton , Eds. 8a��e Voeabula� y L��t� on Au�t�o ne��an Lang uag e� on Cent�al Papua No .14 ------8a��e Voea bula�y L��t� on Au�t�o ne��an Lang uag e� on Ma�nland South-Ea�t Papua No .lS ------8a��e Voeabula�y L��t� on Au�t�o ne��an Languag e� on In� ula� South-Ea�t Pa pua No .16 DUTTON , T.E. and A. Pawley , Eds . 8a��e Voeabula�y L��t� on Non Au�t�one��an Lang uag e� on Cent�al Papua No .17 ------8a��e Voeabula�y L��t� on Non Au�t�one��an Languag e� on South- Ea� t Papua No .lS ------8a��e Voeabula�y L��t� on Non Au�t�one��an Lang uag e� on No�the�n Papua No .19 CAPELL , A. A Voeabula�y 06 600 Wo�d� �n Fo�ty No�th Au�t�al�an Lang uag e� 13 PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Special Publi cat i ons in preparation - continued No .20 VOORHOEVE , C.L. Acmat Mythological Textc with Notec and Explanationc No .22 CAPELL , A. and J. Layard Mate�ialc in Aitchin, Malekula : G�amma�, Vocabula�y and Textc No .23 CAPELL , A. Futuna Victiona�y Stokhof, W.A.L. Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia). B-43, vi + 79 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. DOI:10.15144/PL-B43.1 ©1975 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. Ta sakud' uwa g� s 'uuka