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Tradurre: Un Viaggio Viaggio Un Tradurre: — Serie Occidentale 14 Filologie Medievali E Moderne 17 Moderne E Medievali Filologie UN VIAGGIO NELUN TEMPO VIAGGIO TRADURRE: e-ISSN 2610-9441 Filologie medievali e moderne 17 ISSN 2610-945X Serie occidentale 14 — Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo CAMMAROTA a cura di Maria Grazia Cammarota Edizioni Ca’Foscari Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo Filologie medievali e moderne Serie occidentale Serie diretta da Eugenio Burgio 17 | 14 Edizioni Ca’Foscari Filologie medievali e moderne Serie occidentale Direttore | General editor Eugenio Burgio (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Comitato scientifico | Advisory board Massimiliano Bampi (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Saverio Bellomo † (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Marina Buzzoni (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Serena Fornasiero (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Tiziano Zanato (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Serie orientale Direttore | General editor Antonella Ghersetti (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Comitato scientifico | Advisory board Attilio Andreini (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Giampiero Bellingeri (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Paolo Calvetti (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Marco Ceresa (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Daniela Meneghini (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Antonio Rigopoulos (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Bonaventura Ruperti (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) e-ISSN 2610-9441 ISSN 2610-945X URL http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/collane/filologie-medievali-e-moderne/ Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo a cura di Maria Grazia Cammarota Venezia Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing 2018 Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo Maria Grazia Cammarota (a cura di) © 2018 Maria Grazia Cammarota per il testo © 2018 Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing per la presente edizione cb Qualunque parte di questa pubblicazione può essere riprodotta, memorizzata in un sistema di recupero dati o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma o con qualsiasi mezzo, elettronico o meccanico, senza autorizzazione, a condizione che se ne citi la fonte. Any part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission provided that the source is fully credited. Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Dorsoduro 3246, 30123 Venezia http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/ | [email protected] 1a edizione maggio 2018 ISBN 978-88-6969-248-2 [ebook] ISBN 978-88-6969-250-5 [print] Questo volume è stato realizzato con il contributo del Progetto Excellence Initiatives di Ateneo Knowledge Dissemination in the Western Hemisphere: Translation, Teaching and Cultural Pro- cesses del Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Straniere dell’Università degli Studi di Bergamo. Certificazione scientifica delle Opere pubblicate da Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing: tutti i saggi pubblicati hanno ottenuto il parere favorevole da parte di valutatori esperti della materia, attraverso un processo di revisione doppiamente anonima sotto la responsabilità del Comitato scientifico della collana. La valutazione è stata condotta in aderenza ai criteri scien- tifici ed editoriali di Edizioni Ca’ Foscari. Scientific certification of the works published by Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing: all essays published in this volume have received a favourable opinion by subject-matter ex- perts, through a double anonymous peer review process under the responsibility of the Scien- tific Committee of the series. The evaluations were conducted in adherence to the scientific and editorial criteria established by Edizioni Ca’ Foscari. Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo / A cura di Maria Grazia Cammarota — 1. ed. — Venezia: Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing, 2018. — 222 pp.; 23 cm. — (FIlologie medievali e moderne; 17, 14). — ISBN 978-88-6969-250-5. URL http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/libri/978-88-6969-250-5/ DOI 10.14277/978-88-6969-248-2/FMM-17 Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo a cura di Maria Grazia Cammarota Abstract The translation of a text belonging to a culturally distant age is like a journey across time: relying on the guidance of a translator, the new readers can delve into the past and explore a world that otherwise would remain accessible only to a restricted number of experts. Through examples from medieval Ger- manic texts, the papers collected in this volume offer significant insights into the specific role played by philology in the field of ‘intertemporal translation’, thus casting light on the central function, especially in the current cultural situation, of a discipline that values the ability of ‘reading slowly’ and a respectful approach towards the datum. Keywords Germanic philology. Medieval Germanic texts. Translation Studies. Intertemporal transla- tion. Translation theory and practice. Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo a cura di Maria Grazia Cammarota Sommario Introduzione Maria Grazia Cammarota 9 Dall’altra parte della cattedra Sono utili i Translation Studies per la pratica della traduzione? Fulvio Ferrari 19 Translating Medieval Texts Common Issues and Specific Challenges Maria Grazia Cammarota 37 L’arrivo di Grendel a Heorot Riflessioni su alcune scelte traduttive in lingua inglese (Morris, Tinker, Tolkien, Heaney e Porter) Alessandro Zironi 55 Swā hwæt? Percorsi interpretativi e scelte traduttive di una ‘parola fantasma’ Marina Buzzoni 77 sīþ, wræcsīþ: Literal or Figurative? Considerations on Genre and Gender Conventions in Translating from Old English Concetta Sipione 93 Translating Medieval Icelandic Sagas Re-bending the Bow of Án the Archer Martina Ceolin 113 Perspectives on Translating Medieval Law The Norwegian Landslov of 1274 Helen F. Leslie-Jacobsen 131 Translating the Fate of the Soul in Late Anglo-Saxon England Ælfric of Eynsham and Two Post-Mortem Visions Claudia Di Sciacca 149 Miti e metamorfosi Ovidio nella riscrittura di Albrecht von Halberstadt Maria Grazia Saibene 175 Traduzione, ideologia e identità aristocratica nella Svezia medievale: alcune riflessioni Massimiliano Bampi 207 Translating the Fate of the Soul in Late Anglo-Saxon England Ælfric of Eynsham and Two Post-Mortem Visions Claudia Di Sciacca 149 Miti e metamorfosi Ovidio nella riscrittura di Albrecht von Halberstadt Maria Grazia Saibene 175 Traduzione, ideologia e identità aristocratica nella Svezia medievale: alcune riflessioni Massimiliano Bampi 207 Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo Maria Grazia Cammarota Introduzione Maria Grazia Cammarota (Università degli Studi di Bergamo, Italia) Per parlare di quel fenomeno complesso e difficilmente circoscrivibile che comunemente chiamiamo traduzione si ricorre spesso alla metafora del viaggio. L’idea del movimento è insita nei verbi latini transferre e traducere da cui discendono i principali termini usati in italiano e in al- tre lingue moderne per parlare dell’attività traduttiva (tradurre, traduir, traducir, translate, übersetzen ecc.) e compare, variamente articolata, nella riflessione sul tradurre di più di un teorico. Viene subito alla mente Friedrich Schleiermacher (1813), che indica due vie che un traduttore può percorrere per far incontrare lo scrittore di un’opera e il lettore che non è in grado di leggere quell’opera nella sua lingua originale: O il traduttore lascia il più possibile in pace lo scrittore e gli muove incontro il lettore, o lascia il più possibile in pace il lettore e gli muove incontro lo scrittore. (Schleiermacher [1813] 1993, 153)1 Nella terminologia adottata nel dibattito teorico più recente l’incontro tra scrittore e lettore ha ceduto il posto all’interazione tra un testo di partenza e un testo di arrivo: un testo viene trasferito dalla cultura di partenza, nella quale è stato concepito, a una cultura di arrivo, che accoglie più o meno favorevolmente nel proprio sistema letterario l’opera straniera, aprendosi ai suoi elementi di alterità oppure sottoponendola a un processo di omolo- gazione alle norme esistenti. Grazie al lavoro dei traduttori i testi possono circolare, si spostano da un luogo all’altro, oltrepassano i confini geografici e linguistici, portando con sé quasi sempre un contributo di innovazione, immettendo nuove idee nel contesto ricevente, svolgendo insomma un ruolo fondamentale nella disseminazione del sapere. Nel titolo scelto per questo volume la metafora del viaggio è riferita in particolare alla dimensione temporale. A volte l’intervallo che intercorre tra un testo e la sua traduzione è brevissimo, come avviene nel caso della traduzione consecutiva e simultanea oppure nel caso della trasmissione 1 Il corsivo è dell’Autore. Filologie medievali e moderne 17 e-ISSN 2610-9441 | ISSN 2610-945X DOI 10.14277/6969-248-2/FMM-17-0 | Submitted: 2018-01-17 ISBN [ebook] 978-88-6969-248-2 | ISBN [print] 978-88-6969-250-5 © 2018 | Creative Commons 4.0 Attribution alone 9 e-ISSN 2610-9441 Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo, 9-18 ISSN 2610-945X delle notizie nell’ambito del giornalismo. A volte, invece, tra il momento della composizione di un’opera e il momento della sua ricezione lo scarto cronologico può essere considerevole, diventando un fattore di particolare rilievo nel processo traduttivo. In questo caso la traduzione è simile a un viaggio nel tempo: con la mediazione di un traduttore il testo di partenza, appartenente a un universo linguistico e culturale del passato, viene messo a contatto con destinatari di un’epoca successiva; i nuovi lettori, dal canto loro, per ragioni diverse si affidano alla guida di un traduttore per risalire i secoli e intraprendere un viaggio esplorativo in un mondo linguisticamente
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