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Dictionary of Archaeological Terms Vocabulario De DICTIONARY OF DICTIONARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL TERMS TERMS EnglishEnglish–French–Spanish // Spanish–EnglishFrench–English VOCABULARIO DICTIONNAIREDE CONCEPTOS DES ARQUEOLÓGICOSTERMES ARCHÉOLOGIQUES Inglés–Español / anglais–françaisEspañol–Inglés / français–anglais DomingoTinaig Carlos CLODORE-TISSOT SALAZAR GARCIA & Andrea MORENO MARTÍN © Domingo Carlos Salazar Garcia, Andrea Moreno Martín and Archaeopress 2011 Archaeopress Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978-1-905739-47-9 Printed in England by 4edge, Hockley Other titles in the series now available: French/English – English/French Greek/English – English/Greek Forthcoming: Italian/English – English/Italian German/English – English/German Arabic/English – English/Arabic This dictionary is intended to be helpful in the reading of archaeological books and publications from the Palaeolithic to the Middle Ages, and in the writing of papers and articles in both English and Spanish. The aim of this work is to help, in particular, students and archaeologists in the field to find quickly a word relating to a specific period, a specific area or a research field, in a book easy to carry everywhere. But this dictionary is also intended for everyone fond of archaeology, from prehistory to the Middle Ages. Entries are classified according to alphabetical order. Basic grammar categories are denoted according to the abbreviations below: adj., adjective adv., adverb t.v., transitive verb i.v., intransitive verb n., noun pl.n., plural noun English–Spanish ENGLISH-SPANISH 7 A accurate adj., precisa/o, exacta/o, certera/o abacus n., ábaco acid n., ácido abamurus n., contrafuerte – acid soil n., suelo ácido abandon t.v., abandonar – acidic rock n., roca ácida abandonment n., abandono acinose adj., granular abbey n., abadía acorn n., bellota abbot n., abad acre n., acre (0,4 hectáreas) abdomen n., abdomen acreage n., superficie en acres abduct t.v., secuestrar, quitar, acropolis n., acrópolis plagiar acroteria n., acrótera abduction n., secuestro, rapto, activity n., actividad, ejercicio, plagio operación ability n., capacidad, habilidad actuate t.v., accionar, mover, ablation n., erosión maniobrar abound i.v., abundar acute adj., grave, fuerte aboriginal n., aborigen – acute angle n., ángulo agudo above ground adv., en superficie AD (Anno Domini), d.C. (después abrade t.v., abrasar por erosión o de Cristo) fricción adaptation n., adaptación abraded adj., erosionada/o addition n., adición, añadidura abrasion n., abrasión, desgaste additive n., aditivo abrasive n., abrasivo adherence n., adherencia, adhesión abrasive stone n., piedra abrasiva, adherent n., adherente, partidario, pulidor (Instrumento para pulir) substrato, adepto abri n., abrigo, refugio adit n., socavón, galería subterránea abrupt adj., abrupta/o adjacent adj., adyacente abscissa n., abscisa (en un sistema – adjacent angle n., ángulo de coordenadas) adyacente absolute dating n., datación adjustment n., ajuste, calibración absoluta adobe n., adobe absorbent material n., material adornment n., adorno absorbente advance n., avance, adelanto, abstract t.v., extraer progreso abstracting n., abstracción, análisis, advanced adj., anticipada/o, síntesis avanzada/o, adelantada/o abundant adj., abundante, adverse adj., adversa/o, nefasta/o, copiosa/o contraria/o, desfavorable abutment n., contrafuerte, columna, adze n., azuela punto de apoyo Aegean adj. & n., egea/o (relativo a abyss n., sima la región y/o la civilización del acacia n., acacia Egeo) acanthus n., acanto Aegyptopithecus n., aceramic adj., pre-cerámica/o Aegyptopithecus (catarrino fósil) (como fase de desarrollo de las aerate t.v., airear, oxigenar, ventilar tecnologías humanas) aerial adj., aérea/o accelerated weathering n., – aerial photography n., fotografía meteorización, desgaste aérea acelerado (rocas, superficies) – aerial survey n., prospección/ accumulation n., acumulación reconocimiento aéreo Achaemenid n., Aqueménida – aerial view n., vista aérea Acheulean adj. & n., achelense, aeruginous adj., perteneciente o Achelense relativo al óxido de cobre access road n., vía de acceso aerugo n., óxido metálico, sobre accuracy n., exactitud, precisión todo de latón o de cobre 8 ENGLISH-SPANISH afforest t.v., forestar, repoblar con alga n. (pl. algae), alga árboles Algeria n., Algeria afforestation n., reforestación, Algerian adj. & n., argelina/o repoblación align t.v., alinear Afghanistan n., Afganistán alignment n., alineación, Afghan adj. & n., afgana/o alineamiento Africa n., África alkaline adj., alcalina/o African adj. & n., africana/o alliance n., alianza agate n., ágata – alliance system n., sistema de age n., era, época, período alianza age class n., clase de edad o grado alloy n., aleación de edad (forma social basada alluvial deposit n., depósito aluvial en la edad) alluvial stone n., piedra toba age group n., grupo de edad alluvial adj., aluvial aged adj., vieja/o, antigua/o alluvium n., aluvión, depósito agency n., condición activa alphabet n., alfabeto – human agency n., capacidad alpine region n., región alpina humana de iniciativa y de Alps n., los Alpes acción deliberada, agency alteration n., alteración, retoque, agglutinant n., aglutinante cambio, modificación aggregate n., conjunto, agregado, alternate adj., alterna/o desgrasante (arcilla) alternating adj., alterna/o, aggressive-media n., agente alternativa/o corrosivo altar n., altar agora n., ágora altarpiece n., retablo agraffe n., grapa (arquitectura) altimeter n., altímetro agriculture n., agricultura altitude n., altitud agricultural adj., agrícola aluminium n., aluminio aguilla n., aguja – aluminium alloy n., aleación de ahead adv., adelante, por delante, aluminio antes que. – aluminium foil n., papel de aid n., ayuda, asistencia, auxilio aluminio aiguillette n., divisa militar (cordón – aluminium scrap n., residuo de ornamental) aluminio ailette n., aleta (arquitectura), aleta – aluminium tube n., tubo de del hombro (parte de armadura) aluminio aileron n., alerón, alero alutation n., curtido de pieles (arquitectura) amateur n., amateur, aficionado aim n., objetivo, propósito, fin amazone stone n., amazonita aid to identification n., ayuda para (variedad verde de microlina) la identificación amber n., ámbar air n. aire amberlite n., amberlita – air blast n., chorro de aire ambient adj., relativo al entorno – air channel n., canal de aire/de inmediato de algo ventilación – ambient air n., ambiente – air photography n., fotografía ambo n., ambón aérea ambulatory n., deambulatorio airtight adj., hermética/o America n., América aisle n., pasillo – North America n., América del Akkadian adj. & n., acadia/o Norte, Norteamérica alabaster n., alabastro – South America n., América del alburn n., albura (parte joven de la Sur, Sudamérica madera) – Central America n., América alder n., aliso (árbol de género Central Alnus) American adj. & n., americana/o ENGLISH-SPANISH 9 – from the United States de crecimiento de los árboles) of America adj. & n., annular adj., anular estadounidense annulus n., anillo, aro Amerindian adj. & n., amerindia/o antechamber n., antecámara, ammonite n., amonita antesala amorphous adj. amorfa/o antedate t.v., preceder amphitheatre n., anfiteatro antefix n., antefijo amphora (pl. amphorae/amphoras) antelope Saiga n., antílope saiga n., ánfora (Saiga tatarica) amulet n., amuleto antenatal adj., prenatal anachronism n., anacronismo antenna sword n., espada de anaerobic adj., anaeróbica/o antenas – anaerobic condition n., anthracology n., antracología condición/contexto/medio anthrax n., ántrax anaeróbico anthropoid adj. & n., antropoide – anaerobic zone n., zona anthropologist n., antropólogo/a anaeróbica anthropology n., antropología analogy n., analogía anthropomorphic adj., analysis n., análisis antropomórfica/o analytical laboratory n., laboratorio anthropomorphism n., de análisis antropomorfismo Anatolia n., Anatolia anti-corrosive agent n., agente anatomy n., anatomía anti-corrosivo, producto de ancestor n., antepasado, ancestro, conservación ascendiente antique n., antigüedad ancestor worship n., culto a los (antigüedades) antepasados antique adj., antigua/o ancestry n., ascendencia antiquity n., antigüedad ancient n., antiguo/a, remoto/a anti-rust n., antioxidante, inoxidable anchor n., ancla antler n., cornamenta anchorage n., fondeadero, anclaje antler beam n., asta principal de la anchored adj., anclada/o cornamenta anchoring n., anclaje, fondeado antler haft socket n., vaina de asta anchorage-winch n., anclaje/ de ciervo amarraje de cabrestante antler pick n., pico de asta de ciervo Andalusia n., Andalucía anuclear n., anucleadas, sin núcleo Andalusian adj. & n., andaluz/a anvil n., yunque angle of retouch n., ángulo de aperture n., apertura, orificio, rendija retoque, inclinación apex n., ápice, vértice, cúspide angle de chasse n., ángulo de apparatus n., aparatos, equipo, presa equipamiento animal adj. & n., animal appendicular skeleton n., – animal specie n., especie animal esqueleto apendicular – animal bone archaeology n., apple wood n., madera de manzano zooarqueología, arqueozoología appliance n., mecanismo, – animal hide n., piel de animal dispositivo, aparato animism n., animismo approach ramp n., rampa de ankle n., tobillo acceso anklebone n., hueso del tobillo, apogee n., apogeo astrágalo apophysis n., apófisis annealing n., recocido, revenido approximation n., aproximación annual migrator n., migratoria/o apse n., ábside (que hace cada año un largo apsidiole n., absidiolo viaje) aqueduct n., acueducto annual
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