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1-1-1914 Special Libraries, January 1914 Special Libraries Association

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Where the Special Library is a Necessity

The scientific spirit is always that which seeks to learn all the facts on any one subject and when they are found strives to formulatc laws based on the facts and to put these laws into operation. It is a mark of the truly scientific spirit that it is impatient with those who assume a truth from a part only of the facts; or who initiate practice without that thorough comprehension of the laws of the subject which can only he had when all the facts are known and their rclntions determined. The advocates of what is now popularly called "Scientific Management" assert that they aim to learn the truth concerning factory production in all its varied phases and to base upon such study a practical system of standard industrial operation -Honorable William C. Redfield, SPECIAL LIBRARIES The Legislative Reference Bureau as a Factor in State Development

By Addison E. Sheldon, Director of Nebraska Legislative Reference Bureau

(Read at meeting of National Assoclntion of Conservation Commissionera at Washington, D. C., November 17, 1913.) "A clearing house for infurmation upon Aristotle set the style for the modern public affairs " This is one definition of legislative reference bureau two thousand the legislative reference bureau. Another years ago when lie assigned his students definition which we have worked out in the task of compiling and co~nparlngtl~c Nebraska is that the legislative reference constitutions and customs of all tho Gre- bureau is an institution which gives con- cian cities. For flfteen hundred years Aris- densed, comprehensive, impartial, accurate totlc's books were the texts and the inspir- infornlation on any subject under the sun ation of learning in the civilized upon five minutes notice. This is a large world. Little wonder that Aristotle held contract to fill. such pre-eminence. He and his students Legislative reference department work brought together for human study the great- began at State Library in 1890. est collection of human political experience ~t appeared in improved and enlarged form that had ever been gathered. The mistake at AIadison, Witlconsin, in 1901. There are which the afterworld have made was in now legislativc reference libraries in thirty- thinking that inspiring experiment ended four states There are municipal libraries with Aristotle. The modern legislative ref working upon practically the same plan in erenco bureau is Aristotle up to date. a dozen cities. There are several scores Democracy is the key word of modern of similar libraries now supported by the social life. Beyond democracy,-faintly large corporations and private institutions seen through the mountain mists bf the of this country. There must be a reason. higher human levels,-is co-operation, cliild The world is wide. Knowledge is of uni- of democracy. Hitherto democracy has ex- versal value. Experiment never ceases. To pressed her will and ent'orced her mandates the possibilities of human progress bafied through chosen delegates representing tlle upon human experience, no prophet dare people. However widely pure democracy, set a limit. ~ationalsocial progress in action by the entire mass of tlle people, every field, from simple mechanics to su- may spread, whether upon the model of perflnite philosophy, proceeds upon the the ancient, open tribal assembly to which lines of experiment, recorded results, criti- every free man was bidden, or upon the cism, reasoning, further experiment. The present day model of the open ballot box, primitive oil lamp which the valley of the to which every Prep man (and sometinles Euphrates gave to the valley oP the Nile free woman) is. invitcd, there must always and which the valley of the Nile gave to be, so far as we now can see, some form Greece; the illuminating torch which of representation in government, some dele- Greece gave to Rome and passed on gation of power, some committee chosen to the nations of northern ; the from the whole assembly by the voice of electric beacon which flashes today from the assembly, to act in its stead and sub- Europe and America around the world have mit its flndings of fact and its judgments onn uninterrupted line of ancestry and in- of action for the approval of the assembly. heritance and were fed from one enlarging Parliaments and legislatures are the dom- fuel-reservoir-the accumulated, classifled inant forms of such chosen committees experiment and experience of the human selected from the general popular assembly race. In Europe and America to voice the aspira- There are nearly a billion and a half or liv ing souls upon the surface of this planet tions of democracy and write her will in There are three thousand spoken languages. statutes, ordinances and resolutions. There are not far from a thousand separate The chosen committees, large or small, governments. There ere probably a hun- upon whose report modern democracy must dred thcmand local political units, having in large measure base her judgment and in some degree independence and initiative her steps in the path of social progress, in social and political experiment. These ought to be we11 informed,-accurately, are really a hundred thousand laboratories broadly, reliably informed. The spirit of of social and political science. Their re- the people who chose them, the sound rea- corded efforts and results have a value,- soning of their own minds, the certainty of a vridely varying value,-to every human popular debate upon the flnal adoption of society. their report as a permanent part of the SPECIAL LIBRARIES program of social progress, may and must plication. But scattered tllrougll it all are be trusted for a fair report when tull in- the ripe, 11ard grains of valuable human formation is present. experience and rcasoning lil to be ground In the preparation of its report to the into flour for the bread of human living people, parlianlent and legislature, council Now, no one lnan iu any legislature, not and commission; are bcset with four great even the wisest and best, can thresh out fundamcntal dimculties: all thls stack yard of straw and Iind the grain in it. (1) The number of subjects to be re- ported on. Most of the lnenlber~of any legislature (2) The mass of material connected will always be fairly ropresentative citizens with the different subjects. of their own calling mil locality, familiar (3) The narrow linlitations of time. with some ol the occupations and demands (4) The contentions, regresentations of their own clistrict; with some general and inisrepresentations oT those interested knowledge of events of gcneral interest, in preventing, delaying or dominating the but with no specific, definlte grasp upon report. either tlie facts or the theories relatmg to The number of propositions upon which nine-tenths of the subjects upon wllich they a present day legislature is asked to report are called to act and no t.raming vllmtever is too vast for deliberative action. In the to direct them in their search for truth in life of a single American Congress covering the vast libraries iillcd with thc stores of two years, over twenty thousand b~llsand 11umar1 experience. For a reasonable and resolutions are introduced. The total nurn- intelligent law upon any leg~slntivepropo- bcr of bills introducecl in the 1913 session sition of today there 1s needed a saCe source of the New Yorlr legislature was 4051; in of accurate, impartial information reduced 3923; in 2726; in to its lowest terms. "Hoil it down ' says Wisconsin 1759; in 1G08 and in Ne- the man with the blue pencil. "Tho rcason braska 1846. Many of these bills are com- I wrote a long editorial on that subject," plex. Some of them involve a hundred said Editor Rowlcs of the Springfield Re- separate propositions upon which both in- publican, "is because I d~dnot have the fornlation and discussion 'might be desired. time to write a short editorial." This is The reason for the ~nultiplication of leg- the call of today in lhe worlc of thc legls- islative subjects is a topic by itself which latures. Boil it down. Cut out the pad- I can only touch upon. Some of the very ding. Condense the essentials Tell where patent causes may he briefly mentioned. the rest ]nay be found. G~vetlic principal Society has becottie more complex. Indus- facts, tlic lending arguments and authori- try is differentiated Improved commerce ties on a single typewritten sheet of legal and transportation have brought thc world cap paper. The modern legislative refer- together. Business and social relations are ence dcpartnlent is n response to this call. multiplied. The rules and regulations of The limitations 01 time in modern legis- human life and the demands for redress of lative work may be illustrated by the con- grievances through the Legislature are cor- crete case of my own slate. The Nebraska respondingly increased. Wl~ateverthe caus- legislature, convcned last winter, was in ac- es, the very numbers, the rapidly increasing tual session for 76 days of 6 hours each, numbers of propositions before the people's a total of 375 legislalive hours. There were legislatures call for a new force and a before 11 for consideration, 1346 bills. new method in their disposition. The leg- Therefore there were about 18 minutes for islativo reference departnlents are a re- tlie flrst, second and Lliird readings and roll sponse to that call. call required by our conslitution for each The mass of material upon any one of bill. IC you reply that not nearly a11 the bills the prominent propositions before tlie pres- were considered, kind many of th~mwere ent day 1egisla.tures is multitudinous. Upon introduced for buncombe purposes and all of them it is mountainous. The volume never intended to be considerecl, I rejoin of public documents alone pouring from the that 263 of these b~llswere actually passed presses of the civilized world is suficicnt and signed by the Governor, an allowance every year to fill a freight train. Publi- of oue hour and twenly-five minulos each cations of a single one of our larger states for three readinge, coninlittee of the whole lnalre a small library every biennium Re- discussion ancl roll call. Tf you still make sides these official publications, paid for reply that most of the worlc upon these bills out of the public purse, there are the thou- was delegaled to and done by smaller snb- sands of institutions, societies and individ- committees and the resulls oP the sllbcom- uals coiltributing from their own mind and mittees' worlc accepted by the Tiegislature their own means to tlie world's stock of without dcbate, T rcspond that tho subcom- knowledge in theory, in criticism, in ex- mittees usually met at night, wearied with periment Much of this mass is words. the day's regular work, beset with much Much of iL is merh literary stubble fit to be importunity from ~gecial interests, and turned under by the plow of progress; needing even more than mllen in regular much of it has merely local worth and ap- session the advantage oC organized and di- SPECIAL LIBRARIES gested data upon the bills which they have in Iorce in some state of the union. He to consider. For such a call, whereby is was not hre wl~ichstate, but he knew it made available the results of weelts and was so, becausc he had clipped it from a months of special research by persons farm newspaper. There was a general trained to familiarity with the sources of laugh at the nutliority cited and after some knowledge and skilled in the art of impar- iurther discussion tl18 colllmittee agreed tial scientific condensation and presenta- to report the bill for indefinite postpone- tion, has arisen tlie modern leg~slativeref- ment on the next day, About thirty min- erence bureau. Its well digested brief is ules before the legislature met on the next like the report to the court of a master inoriling the farmer member came to the in chancery or the hcad of a bureau to he legislative reference bureau for help in president of the -a basla Cor finding his law. A dozen trained assistants action by an enlightened judgment,-an ar- were at oncc put upon the task of locating senal of fact which may not be disputed. the missing statute. Just as the speaker's The clamor of contending interests en- gavel fell the statute book of one of the compasses legislative halls and colnmlttee largest and 111ost influential states in the roome. Their paid representatives not only union was placed in thc membor's hand besiege the session but even occupy sea%ts wth the page cited where the act was among the membcrs. The most e1oqul:nt found. Tnstantly talrillg the law book in speakers of the republic loosen tlie silver his hand to the chairman of the committee, oratory of golden throats in their behalf; by much perfiuasion, he was induced to the most adroit managers of men, the most witl~hold the rcport and give the bill an- talented phrase makers who ever touc1:ed other hearing bcforo the committee. Since, typewriter for the public press are in their the member argued, the learned advisers of employ No important legislation in the in- the conlmittec were mistakcn as lo the fact terest of the general publlc has pastled of the law's existence, they lnighl also be Congress or any leg~slaturein these slates mistalien as to its erects. After a struggle, within the memory of any man or woman votes were changed in the committee, tho which has not been opposed as iillp~ssible bill placed on general tile and, after another in theory and ruinous in practice by some and flercer struggle, the bill passed the of the ablest mtellects and most forceful house, reached the senate and was relerred debaters of the time wherein it was x- Lo the senate committee upon that subject. acted. In nearly every one of the instances There appeared before the senate com- just cited the recorded facts relatcd to the mittee the Ralne group of eminent gentle- case have been openly denied and flagrant- men, drawing the highest salaries paid in ly falsified before the people's representa- Nebraska for any sorvicc, public or private, tives by persons paid for that work. with some additions to their number. These Let me give a concrete case from ihe gentlemen informed the senate committee Nebraska experience. Four years ago tlure that ~thileit was truc such a law was upon came to the Nehraslca legislature a n~an the statute book of the state where it hnd from an interior county who had been a been located that it wa.s there a dead let- farmer and was the manager nf a co-oper- ter, wholly and completely ignored, and ative grain elevator. He brought with him that no attenpt at its enforeenlent had a newspaper clipping purport~ng to be a ever been made, its manifest absurdity and law of one of the state8 of the union, de- impossibility in ~~racticebcing responsible signed to secure fair and honest weighls theretor. When the most eminent, elocluent to the grain shipper in car load lots. He and highest priced nulhorities in the state had the clipping typewrillen and introduc:ed had concluded their advice to the commit- as a bill. In due time the bill found its tee tho farmer menlber handed to the chair- way to the committee charged with the man of tlp senate committee a half dozen considerat~on of that class of subjec:ts. letters on offlcial stationary from the de- There appeared before that committee at partillents in the state in question charged that time eminent men, drawing the larg- wit11 the administration of the measure. est salaries paid in Nebraska for any ser- These letters had been secured by the leg- vice, public or private. These gentlemen islative reference bureau 'l'lley statcd that assured the colnlnittee upon their word as the uot in question had been in force for scholars and their honor as inc~llbersof rrlany years in that state, that tl~crewas a profession that no such law as that pro- no opposition to its enforcen~entand that posed existed on the statute book of any its effects were generally approved and re- state in the union or any country ~n ihe garded as salutary by all pcrsons having civilized world. And they further assured an interest in its operation. the committee that the proposed act \!Ins From this single incident which T might absurd in its conception and would be ruin- nlulti~ly many times from experiencc in ous in its operation. To these solen~llas- my own state, it will sufliciently appear surances of this learned and d~stingulsled why the most eminent talent engaged at company the introducer ot the bill repliecl the lliglle~tsalary by tlie largest interests, that he knew his bill was a copy of a law may not be implicitly relied upon as ad- SPECIAL LIBRARIES

visors to the peoples' legislature and may importance gets anywhere now without po- add one more valid cause why a call has litical action and legal sanctions Sooner arisen for competent, scientific source of or later every social movement of conse- accurate information upon all subjects com- quence knocks nt the legislative door. So ing before the peoples' representatives for the whole range of conservation issues and cons~deration and report. The answer to every cause connected with state develop- Lhnt call is the creation of legislative ref- ment is already indexed in our reference erence libraries or bureaus in thirty-four libraries and is covered by our card cata- states and the pending bill and reports now logs. before Congress for the creation of such a Take the cause which lies at the bottom department here at Washington. The ideal of all social questions-,the soil and its con- aimed at in these bureaus is that each servation. At its very tlireshold are ques- people's representative in the legislature tions such as these: shall have free of cost at his coln~nandall tlm infornlation in usable form which the Whht are tlle rights of a land holder? May he skin the soil ad libitum and turn high priced regresontatives of special inter- the bones over to his heirs and assignees? ests have-and more. May society, justly and for the common What is the relation of the legislative good, tax aud take away from hill1 its in- relerence bureau and library to state de- creasing val le in whole or in part? How vdopnxnt, more deflnitely to the problems shall improvements and original laud val- of conservation which this association is ues be separated in the ledger account of trssembled to discuss? If I have mastered society with the title holder and w11a.t dit- the purposes of tlie Conservation Congress ference in treatment shall be accorded to from ils constitution as "a place designed these items? The first, the fundarnental, to frame policies and principles affecting iten1 in your conservation progranl opens tlic wise and practical development, con- the flood gates of controversy and ten thou- servalion and utilization of resources;" if sand years history of human experience 1 have sensed the spirit of state develop- in land tenure and land taxation mnst be ment in my own and sister states during clasfiified, catalogued and condensed as the the past forty years then I may aptly dis- first stop toward rational legislative action cuss the relation of the rcl'erence bureau denlibg with land. to the soil, to the i~nprovementof its qual- Suppose the issue is the public health. ity and the increase of its product; to the What are tlie rights and duties of the in- waters, their preservation in quality and dividual and the community In its preser- volume, their fullest poss~ble use for tho vation? Flow have other states and cities benefit of man; to the roclrs and minerals dealt with contagious diseases? How far which lie beneath the soil and their high- may the medical profession be trusted to est economic utilization; to the people, act in the general public interest? What physical, intellectual, spiritual and their are the data ot the controversies between highest, possible perfection in each of these rival medicdl schools'~ Is it possible to phases; lo social progress arising from the drive disease out of the world? What wilI conjunction ancl co-operation of all the it cost to (lo it? Jlrlio says so and what are fundamental substances and processcs his claims upon our confidence? Volumes upon this planet for the elevation of man- of vital statistics; records or medical re- lrind and thc glory oC God. This is a large ports and criticism, keen, common sense text to preach from and I shall submit comments from colnmon people upon theo- soine specific citations, aslcing your imag- rles and situation; the accepted, indisput- ination to step lightly with mine from one able facts showing the ration of epidemic hill top to anothcr and from the broad prai- small pox to vaccination, the declining rate rie land like that of my own state where the of typhoid in certain cities and the accom- common people toil to produce the physi- panying sanitary measures, the relation of cal necessnries of human existence to the fleas and wood ticks to fevers and of dip- mountain peaks where the poets and theria to antitoxin. Here is a continental dreamers of a social state dwell. battle field stubbornly lought over for cen- The basis, the fundamental thing in your turies and with conflictillg reports from the conservation movement, in our state de- conflicts in diPTerent quarters to be sorted, velogment, is co-operative social action. sifted and set forth so that the reason of Lord Dnndreary in the person of the older the average legislator, acting for the av- or younger Sothern stalks tlle stage and erage public intelligence may act wisely stutters in plaintive accent as he reads the and with the support of the public which familiar maxims "Birds of a feather flock he represents. This single task is a stu- together! H-11-how c-c-can one b-bird pendous one yet it mnst be done effectively i'-flock by himself alone?" How can a con- if the general public movement is to keep servation or state development idea flock within hailing distance of the latest scicn- excepL in groups') Group action may be tiflc discoverie8. through the political machinery of the There is the cause of scientific money state or outside it. Hardly any cause of and rational exchange of commodities. SPECIAL LIBRARIES

Nothing surely can be more inlportant to thing6 believed but not yet proven. Such the business welfare than these. And there beliefs and, ideals for example as tllese: is llere no question that the state must act. That war may be abolished. ~t is in action now; it cannot cease to act. That waste may be reduced to the van- ishing point. Whetller to have one central bank, or That disease may be exterminated. twelve or four regional reserve banlts; That labor may become more eilicient whether, wltllin the realm of state legis- and be more adequately rewarded. latlon, banks shall bc compelled to insure That wealth may be more justly distrib- each other's deposits or whether the SUP uted. viva1 of the Attest here, as in zoologY, lwds That the world may, by human design, to the best results? What are these thou- become better and wiser throughout the sands of pamphlets and endless acres of generations without limit. disputatious reasonings and lnlaglnin6:s? Let me speak yet more frankly about per- Are there 110 sane guides to sate legisla- sonal beliefs. This is no platform for poli- tion in tile field ot finance and exchanue? tics and no place to wave a party flag for Is the lamp of human experience which gain or office. Yet the history of every patrick Henry held to light his path\?ay social reform is inevitably united with the here put out? The very statement of these story of some politjcal association. It issues stirs old prejudices and latent pas- would do no harm and would raise no pro- sions in the mind of this audience and of test were I here to speak of the free soil any other audience before whom Lhey lllay party of sixty years 'ago and its movement be mentioned The answer of the legiSkL- culminating in the free homestead act nnd tive reference bureau and of every sci5n- the emancipation proclamation. Let me tiflc mind is that here, us well as else- speak of some politics nearer to US i~f where, there is a wa5 out of the maze of t~methan the civil war. It was my great controversy and conIusion, and that this honor and good fol tune to be chosen a del- way must be found by rcason based upon egate to a national political convention the record of human experience. which met 21 years ago last fourth of July The relation oi the legislative reference in the city of Omaha I shall not mention bureau as a collector and organizer of in- the name of the party because you probab- formation to the cause oi state develop- ly have forgotten it. No political party in ment and conservation must be reasonal~ly the history of our nation had more slop apparent from these exan~pleu. As a Inere buckets emptied upon it from political back keeper of boolrs and digester of docun~ents windows than the party there formed. None its tunctions are ~mportant,-nay, they Elre was ever more derided as a collection of essential to sound political action and time- bewhiskered lunatics and addled brained ly social progress. I believe, however, that anarchists than that convention. I read there are required other quahties in the anew the declarations of our platform as conduct of reference bureaus than those I wrote this address. It sounded to me like of the cataloger and the condensation Bet n pretty good conservation document. We tle Such are the cjualities ol social lead- declared, first of all political parties in the ership, and the possession of social idea.1~. United States, that "The land, including all The men and women who do this wc8rk the natural sources of wealth, is the heri- must believe in things to be of much val- tage of the people and should not be monop- ue to their generation. They must hold olized for speculative purposes." We de- beliefs and cherish theories. Else they clared for a national currency loaned dlrect would be of no more worth in seeking l'or to the people at a rate of interest not to social truth than a chemist who sho~~ld exceed 2 per cent per annum. This propo- seek to discover a valuable chemical com- sition was greeted with one wild guffaw bination with no theory In his head of the from Passaninquoddy Bay to Puget Sound. untried chemical reactions he was about to Yet I notice now it is seriously proposed by use. The beliefs and the theories of every the nost noble statesman of the modern truly scientific man, whelher engaged in stripe that a system of farm credit at a the social or physical sciences, will always rate a little higher than that proposed at be held subject to the actual test of ex- Omaha may .safely be established in this periment. In their conkt with the public country, based upon the experience of mind all the evidence and all the arttu- Europe. We declared that "Transportation lnents SO far as known by them will be im- being a means of excllange and a public partially presented, For in the examina- necessity the government should own and tion and criticism of all the material by operate the railroads in the interest of the many minds is founded the best hope of people, likewise the telephones and tele- discovery and progress I believe, however, graph." Well, that proposition is still un- there will always be held by every man der debate but the man advocating it is and woman flt to lead in any cause cer- not so generally regarded as a proper can- tain fundamental faiths-"evidences of didate for the position recently vacated by not seen.''-as inspirations to erfort, Mr. Harry Thaw at Matteawan, N. Y., as SPECIAL LIBRARIES 7

he was twenty years ago. We declared "To carry on research in subjects of spe- for a postal savings bank and a graduated cial public interest, to publish the same income tax. Nearly everyone seems to be and in every way to promote the diffusion on our side of those questions now. of accurate and reliable information upbn We commended to the favorable consid- questions connected with the development eration of the people the legislative sys- of civic life in Nebraska." tem known as the initiative and referen- Under another section of the same act dum. It was my privilege in conjunclion our bureau is placed under the government with a fellow member to introduce into the of the board of regents of the state yni- Nebraska legislature of 1897 the first initia- versity and provided mllh a home on the tive and referendum bill, which ever be- university campus. During the sessions of came a law in the United States. Since then the legislature we occupy rooms in the I have lived long enough to hear Colonel state house convenient for members. Ac- Theodore Roosevelt fro111 the public plat- curate knowlcdge of the history of one's form in my own city tell the people that own state is indispensable to sound legia- the initiative and referendum was all right, lntive reference bureau work. SO our bu- because we had to have new weapons to reau teaches university classes in Nebras- fight the people's battles under changed Itu hislory, and directs rcsearch'work and conditions. There are several more things publication 111 that field. We work in co- we decl'ared for, including the direct elec- operation with other departments in the tion of United States senators by the peo- university, calling on them for special in- ple, but you have not time to listen to them formation in the scope of their activities. all now. Nobody is now running for omce A grant of three thousand dollars was on the ticket of the party we organized made hy the last legislature for the print- that day at Omaha but most of the pro- ing of bulletins and the Nebraska blue book grcsswes in all parties, including the con- soon to be issued from our Bureau. This servation congress, are busy these days latter volume aims to give live inforrriation carrying home chunks of the platform we on every sub~ect connected with Nebras- chopped out of the rough wood on the fron- ka's development likely to be of service tier that 4th of July, 1892. to members of the Nebraslra legislature or So I return to my text,-conservation, to any thinking citizen. It will not be a state development nnd the relation of ref- mere roster of Ncbraslta ofice holders. erence bureaus to them. We are finding It may occur to some of you that tpe 0111 some things as we go on will1 this very extent and cmciency of this worlr may work, co-operating with one another, to get lead to over-legislation, to the introduction the greatest results in our lifetime and the of too many bills, to the passage of too greatest hopes of what shall come alter many lams. Let me say that there is a we are gone. We are finding out that it reference burcau plan, wisely. and strongly is not enough to gather all the material made and now in action, to secure less leg- upon a subject and then sift it to gct the islation and of a sounder sort. The plan bcst of that material, arid then catalog it is that important inatters shall have the so that we may know where to flnd it, and right of way and that all important legis- lhcn organize it so that a busy man may lation in each state shall be prepared by quickly grasp the meaning of its contcnts an unpaid commission or legislative com- -to do all this for the benefit of members mittee working through a period of two of the legislature and a few other public of- or more years and using the legislative ficers. We have found that for the cause reference bureau for its assistant. Public of true social progress we must get back hearings wilI be held and general discus- of the omce holders to the great body sion for two years or more will precede of the people We must give them the fncts the enactment of a law. Under this plan fitly orgsnizcd in briefest form, in simple in Nebraslra we have threshed out a work- Inngoage. So tho great reference bureau men's compensation law during the past in Wisconsin under Dr. Charles McCarthy two years. We have now at worlr a legis- has published for general distribution some lative committee on rrlorm of legislative thirty pamphlets upon important public procedure and the state hudget We have questions putting tlic results of months and other c,omnlitlces at work upon reports re- even years 01' research into a dozen or lating to the conservation of water pourer twenty pages which any cllizen will read in Nebraska, to changes in the state's sys- will1 eager interest. The reference depart- tem of taxation ancl to a revision of our ments of New York, of Tndiana, of Ohio, scllool code. For each of these the work 01 the Dalrotas, of Pennsylvania, of Rhode of gathering maierlal, index111g and organ- Island, of Michigan are doing the same izing it in the most avail;ll)le form is done thing upon a different set, of subjects. in the Lihrary of the legislative reference In Nebraska the Legislature of 1911 bilreau wrote the Magna Carts of our legislative Sixty years ago the Italian patriot Maz- reference bureau and put in it these words xini asked the question Tow is a progres- dcflning our field of action. sive, a social reformer, a radical, a dreamer SPECIAL LIBRARIES if you choose, ever to know that his dream be are wrong? In a democracy when we is true and that his idea is right?" And get a majority of yeople on our side of the he answered it by saying that he could issue, working with us on a plan we may know It when a ma~orityof all the people consider with M'az2ini that we me right. approved his vision and ratified his plan. And it is the ~rivilegeand the duty of the This Conservation Congress and all kin- legislative roference bureaus in the several dred associations seek to change the exist- states to systematically collecl, organize, ing constitution of things. Somc of us are index, and edit for presentation to the geo- idealists and some 01: us are dreamers and ple all the pertinent facts and arguments some of us, perhaps, are lunatics still at relating to the issue so that, whatever a large. HOW shall we ever know that we majority of the people decide, the decision are right and the fellows who like things shall be made in the full sunlight of a com- just as they are or just as they used to plete understanding of the case.

Notes Concerning the Library of the Geological Survey, Canada

While usually called the Geological sur- cia1 books not in general demand (e. g., a vey library, this is really the library of the specially technical treatise) are allow to Department of mines of Canada of which be kept out for six months or more, but no the Geologicxl survey is now a branch. The longer than a year, though they uay be name, however, so far as thc library is taken out again immediately after they are concarned, has persisted in spite of the returned and recorded. The general pub- change in organization, made a couple of lic is allowed to consult boolrs within the years ago. The library, with the rest of library itself; indeed, the staff is very glad the Geological survey offices and the Mu- to have outsiders do so. No special library seum is located in the Victoria memorial material is published, though thcro are museum, bIcLeod St. The library is under many publications of the Survey itself. the direction of a committee of three mem- The library is maintained from the appro- bers of the staff of the Survcy, and under priation of the Geological Survey. the immediate direction of Miss Marion The classification used is a nlodification Calhoun, who has three assistants The of the Cutter system. Boolrs are indexed members of the committee referred to are by author and title, also analytically where the following:-Stuart J. Schofield, M. A,, necessary. Preparations are now being B. Sc., (Assistanl Geologist) ; Chairman, made to take in charge of the library the Lawrence 31. Lambe, I?. G. S., F. R S. C., collsction' of photographs owned by the De- (Vertebrate Paleontologist) ; Wgntt Mal- partment of mines Clippings are not sub- colm, M. A., (Compiler of Geological In- scribed for, or made, in the library. The formation). Director of the Geological survey, howe~~er, The library is devotcd to natural history receives clippings from one or two bureaus, in general, including geology, biology, eth- sending to any member of the stafl spe- nology, anthropology, and so torth, and ill- cially concerned clippings on his subject cluding applied sciences, such ns agricnl- The Department has a large collection of ture, mining, etc The library consists of maps, which are to be liandled by the Li- some 20,000 volumes, many of Lhese being brary. Shallow drawers of sgecial construc- bound bulletins, pnmplilets, ctc. All pam- tion mill be used to store t.hese. Specinl phlets are bound as soon ns possible aftcr magazine racks arc uscd for the display of receipt, so it is scarcely necessary (if pos- the latest issues of magazines, drawers be- sible) to enumcrate them. The library neath being used for Llle storage of earlier takes about 300 magazines. Books are insues of the year. A special case is pro- loaned, on application, to tllc members of tided for new boolrs. After being received, the staff of the Department of mines for accessioned, etc, new hoolrs are placed in a Period of two wceks If the books are this case lor thc inspection of nlenlbers not returned, a second card is sent, signed of the staff, after which (and only then) by the Director of the Survey, which in- they are allowed to be taken out by the variably has brought baclr the book. Spe- members of the staff. SPECIAL LIBRARIES 9 Recent References on State Supervision and Adminis- tration of Charities and Correction

(Supplementing a list published in Special Libraries, April, 191 1)

Compiled under the dmction of H. H. B. Meyer, Chef Bibliographer, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. Allen, William H, Modern philanthropy; a miss our^. Coninlittce on state institutions. study of eficient appealing and giving.. . Rcport. . . Con1 slate institutions located New Yorlr, Dodd, Mead and company, elsewhere than at llle seat of govern- 1912. 437 p. HV3LA3 ment, to the 4Gth Gcneral assembly. Jef- Cole, William M. Cost accounting for in- ferson City, The I-Iugh Stephens printing stitutions. New Yorlc. The Ronald r~ress company [19111 46 p. HVSG.h.184 company, 1913. 248 p: (Ronald account- National conference of Catholic charities. ing series.) I.IF568G.TGC7 ]st, iVashiagton, D. C, 1910. Proceed- - ings.. . Washington, D. C. Catholic uni- Heffner, William C. History of poor relief versily of America [1911] 432 p. legislation in Pennsylvania, 1682-1913. . . HV88.A47 3 91 0 Cleona, Pa., Holzapfel publishing com- Contents: The State in relation to pany, [I9131 302 p. I-IV98.P4I-I4 charity; Illinois. Board of administration. Report The slate and private institutions, by of Frank D. Whipp, Rscal supervisor, re- David F. Tilley; garding rcqucsts for appropriations lor Recognitloll of thc rcligion of cle- the state charitable institutions. Sub- pendenls, by Pa.ul Fuller; mitted to the Board. Jan. 20, 1913. Natural rights of dependents, by J. [Springlield? Ill. 19131 ' 52 p. W. hlelody. HV86.137 1913 -- 2d, Washington, D. C.. 1912. Pro- Indiana. Board of state charities. Thc de- ceeclmgs . ;. ~ash>on,D. 'c., Catholic velopment of public charities and correc- universily of America, 1912. 393 p. tion in the state of Indiana. Jefferson- HV88.A47 1912 ville, Indiana rcformatory printing trade Contents: The government in charlty, school, 1910. 131 p. HV98.12Ali 1910 by Thomas Mulry, p. 31). Iowa. Roarcl or control of state inslitutions. National conference of charities and cor- Bullelin of Iowa institutions (under the rections. Proceedmgs. . . 38th annual Road of control). Published quarterly. v. session, hcld in , Mass, June 'i- 14. [n.p.] 1912. HV86.185,v.14 14, 1911. Fort Wayne, Ind., The Fort Contents: The sources of revenues of Wayne print. co., 19 13. FIV88.A3 1911 Iowa state institutions as coinpared Contents: Stale supervision. Report of with those of other states, by Mur- the committee, by Francis H. Uav- dock Bannister; State inslitution isk; Fiscal conlrol of slate institu- revenues, are thcy adequate? If not, tions, by I-Icnry C. Wright; State rru- why not? by Max E. Witte; Sugges- pervision or prikate charities, by Wil- tions as to how state institution rev- liam S. Fricdinan; Supervision of enues and needs may be made to bal- public cha~itiesby a State board, by ance, by Henry \IT.Rothert. Allan D. Conover; Supervision of Jenks, Jeremiah W. Government action for public charities by a Board of state social welfare. New York, The Macmil- charities, by Robert \V. Kelso; Su- lan company, 1910. 226 p. (American so- pervision of private charities from cial progress series.) I-IN64.J5 the viewpoint 01 an ollicial board, by Kentucky. Laws, statutes, etc. Laws and George S. \i7ilson, Supervision of decisions of the co~nmor~mealthof ICen- privntc charities from the viewpoint tuclcy pertaining to insanity and the char- of a private charity, by Richard D. itable institutions. [Louisville? 1911J 85 Biederman. P. New Yorlc (State) Hoard of charities. An- Minnesota. Laws, statutes, etc. Minneso- nual report for ll~eyear 1911.. . Albany, ta laws relating to the State board of 1912. 3 v. in 4. HV8G.N7G control and institutions under its man- V. 1: Text aud appended papers. Ap- agement or supervision; also miscellan- pcndix. Statistics. eous provisions pertaining to certain V 2: Ilircctory of poor law oficers and powers and duties of the Board. 1911. charities. [Minneapolis, Syndicate ptg. co.] 1911. V. 3: Manual of laws and rules of the 123 p. HV7LM61A3 1911 board. SPECIAL LIBRARIES

--Legislature. Joint committee Rhode Island. Laws, statutes, etc. An ab- on financial adnlinistration of state insti- stract of tlie general and public laws of tutions and departments. Report. . . Uat- the state of Rhode Island. Relating to ed Albany, N. Y., March 9, 1910.. . Al- the powers and duties of the Board of bany, J. 13. Lyon company, printers, 1910. state charities and corrections. Rev to 12 p. (Legislature, 1910. Senate. Doc. , 1911. Howard, R. I., Sockan- 46.) IiJ(iOGA4 osset school print [1911?] 7G p. HV75.FL4A5 1911 ---Report . . Transmitted Sherwood, Grace M. State boards of con- to the Legislaturc. March 15, 1911. Al- trol. Notes on curront legislation, Amer- bany, J. 13. Lyon company, printers, 1911. ican polilical science review, Aug. 1912, 226 p. (Legislature, 1911. Senate Doc. v. 6: 426-428. JAl.AG,v,(i 36.) IIJGOGA4 1911 State charities aid association, New Yorlc. Salary classiacation comnlissiou, Annual report. . .to the ~ta-teboard of ...Schedule of salaries and wages in the clla'.ities Of state of New Yorlc' Is'- state charitable and reformatory institu- date; 1873 to date. New York [187R-date.] tions, includin'g all changes to December 37 V' HV88.N75 31, 1910 Albany, J. TI. Lyon company, This annual report is also issued as printers, 1911. 105 p. Appendix I to vol. 1 of Annual rc- port of the State board of charities Pennsylvania. Board ol public charities. for the year 1911. . . A digest of the laws relating to the Proceedings of the 12th conference, Board of public. charities of Penasylvan- New Yorlr, 1911. 323 p. Sixth session. ia and to thc various subjects within its Oct. 19, 1911, Report of the commitlee jurisdict.ion . .to which is appcnded an on public institutions, by Hon. Robert W. appelldix coxllail~ingbnef descril~tionsof Hebbard; "Treatment of dcfcctive delin- the several state penal, rofor~uatoryand quents," by Orlmdo F. Lewis; Discus. charitable iilstitutions.. .and a lisl of all sion private hospitsls arid cli:rrit,able institu- Whipp, Frank D, Accounting systems 111 tions therein. . . IIarrisbur~,C. E. Augh- public institutions. National associatioll inbaugh, printer to thc state, 1910. 148 for the study of epilepsy and the care Pa HV75.PS 1910 and treatment of epileptics. St. Louie, Mo., June 16, 1911. [St. Loui~,Mo, 19111 Reed, Mrs. Anna Y., and May B. Goldsmith. P. HF5886.C3WG Report of conditions in the state institu- Wright, Henry C. Report of an investign- tions of Waslungton together wiLll recom- tion of tho lnotlmds of fiscal control of mendations for needed cl~angesill admin- state ~nstitutionsin New Yorlr, made tor istration and legislation. . . Olympia, the Slale charities aid association. New Wash., E. L. Boardinan, public printer, Yorlr city, Unitcd charities building, 1911. 1912. 92 p. HV8G.W3R3 353 p. HV40.W92

Asia-Flora. ary to the Civil service reform associa- A recent "Bibliographical contribution" tion. 72 xxvi p. 1913. from the Lloyd library of Cincinnati (No. Commission government. 11, July, 1913) is devot~dto a Ribllogra- phy relating to the flora of , embrac- Thc Kansas City Public library has is- ing Botanical section T of the Lloyd li- sued "A reading list on com~nissiongov- brary. 29 p. ernmcnt" in pamphlet form. The list is based on the bibliography compiled by Children-Anthropometry. the Library of Congress. Tl1e entries are A pamphlet issued in 1911 by the De- groupcd under Doolrs; Periodicals; Pg- partment of child helping of the Russell vornblc; Opposed; In countries. Nov., Sage foundation, "An investigation into 1913. the growth in height and weight of de- Co operation-New . pendent cllilclren," by 31. A. Gershel con- tains a bibliography an anthropometry, p. Janles Ford's "Co-o~eration in New 27-8. IQlgland, urban and rural" usse sell Sage foundation) conlains a biblio~ra~hvof Civil service reform. titles ol accessible boolts, pamslets -and A third edition of its "13ibl1ograpl1y on n~agazine arlicles dealing specifically civil service refonn and related subjects" with some phase of co-operation in New has been issued by tlie Women's auxili- England. p. 21'7-9. 1913. SPECIAL LIBRARIES

Engineering-Railroads. Labor. Part 2 of the Annual report on the stn- The Proceedings of the 21st annual tistics of labor for 1912, of the Massa- convention of the Traveling engineers' chusetts Bureau of statistics, consist of association, , hug. 12-16, 1913, a "Labor bibliography" for 1912, in which contains a list 'of "Past presidents and are listed the important titles, either subjects, discussed during their adminis- books or in periodicals which have ap- tratlon" covering the years 1893 to 1913, peared in 1912 on the subject of labor. which forms a bibliography of the prob- The titles are grouped in -30 sections. lems confronting locomotive engineers. 71 p. July, 1913. p. 9-23. The U. S. Bureau of labor statistics is- Fire prevention. sue in monthly installments in typewrit- The National fire protection association ten form, references to recent magazine has issued in pamphlet form a list of articles relating to labor in all its ditter- "Pubhcations on the subjects of fire pre- ent phases, the titles being selected from some SO0 magazines and weekly papers vent~on and lire protection available in of this and foreign countries. This ne- the files of the National fire protection cessarily includes many periodicals not associalion," correct to June 1, 1913. 70 indexed in the Readers' guide. P. Schools-Moral tralning. Home economics. "A brief bibliography on moral training in the scl~ools"may be found on p. 158 A "Bibliography of home economics liter- of llle October, 1913, number of "The ature'', dealing wit11 food, nutrition, hy- gospel of the ltingdom" which is Issued giene and sanitation and education and monthly by the American institute of social work, nlay be fnund in the October, social service (Bible House, Astor Place, 1913, number of the Journal of home New York). economics. p. 350-4. Teachers-Pensions-. In Bulletin, 1913, no. 34, wh. no. 544 of Jewish bibliography. the U. S. Bureau of education, "Teachers' The University of IIlinois Library has pensions in Great Britain" by R. 'CV. Sies, recently issued a twentypage bulletin there is n two-page list of references on entitled. "Books of Jewish interest in tho the subject of the Bulletin. Library of thc University of lllinois " Probation. This l~st,compiled by Dr. D. S. I3lond- A list of "Literature published by the heim of the liomsnce department and State probation commission" may be prepared for the press by the library found on p. 243-5 of the Manual for staff, contains some five hundred titles probation officers issued by the New Yorlc State probation commission, 1913. and is intended nlsinly to help those us- As the list includes, in addition to ing the University library who may be the offlcial publications of the Commis- interested in .Jewish literalwe and his- sion, many valuable and pertinent re- tory. A'very good beginning of a collec- prints, it forms a selected bibliography tion of Jewish boolrs has been made. on the sub~ectof probation. MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES AND DOCUMENTS

The following tabulation of municipal ord~nancesand documents prepared by Frank G. Bates of Indiana University and the Tndiana Bureau of Legislative Information is intended as a tentative statement of the present status of the publication and distribution of municipal documents in cities of the United State of more than 25,000. Information was not forthcoming from all of the cities and in certain cases, the information is not complete. It is published as a chart of present progress in municipal publications. Out of the inadequacy of methods here disclosed should come a movement for betterment. - Uate of Pr;;T---. MXer -bme7rtsp- Name of City Title of cornnrled volume ) yf whom~oCU- I 01 otdin.mces 1 last 1 I3r whom sold catlon of new issued Title of collected reports I mm,s dktributeG revis~m 1 sold I o~dinanccs / bow I ALAEAMA Birmmgham (a) I Mobile ]code of the CI~Yof ?do-1 1007 1 6.00 0. p newspaper col. !Annun1 Re~ortof the City Clerk I I Commissioners. 0. p. I newspaper and City Clerk I pamphlet ! ARKANSAS Little Rock I newspaper not I City Clerk pub CALIFORNIA Berkeley 1011 50 Commr of Public leaflets Commr. of Publlc Supplies Supplres Los Snqeles 1910 '7 00 hf. L. Germnln not pub. City Clerk Oakland 1910 free newspaper Cit~Clerk pub. Pasadena 1903 free leaflets sep. City Clerk Revision :nprogress I Sacramento General Ordinances of thel~ 1011 1.00 City Clerk I aamphlet Clty of Sacramento. I Ordinances of the City of 1906 .SO City Clerk newspaper col. Annual Reports of tho Cily Clerk San Diego. Mayor and Council. Snn Francisco nook of Ordinances. 1910 free Clerk, Board or I leaflets sep. Clerk, Roard of I Supervisols , Snpervisors Ban Jose lxot published. ' nerrspapcr not .pub -. .- -- . .. . . - .. - - COLORADO I ! Colorado Springs Sot pr~hlished. (Compila- \monthly pamphlet1 col. 'Monthly Iteport of Coun City t'lcrk tron in progress). 1 cil l'roccedings Denver ,3lunicipal Code. Smith. I3rook I leaflets I sep. . :ommr. of Supplres Printing Co. Pueblo Ordinances of =he Cit) of1 1908 CI~STreasrrrer I newspaper '1 sep. , Crty Clerk 1 Pueblo i I Charter and Ordinance.; of free \nnual 1\Iuuicipal col Snnual Uunicipal Register.( City Auditor I!I ~dgeptwt. I czlster I Comp~ledCharter and Re-I i~ee pain:,hlet I sep. Municipal Reg~sier City Clerk vised O~dinanrcsof he Crty of TTartford. 1 ::: Meriden Charter and Rp-Jaws of free pamphlet I col Vuniclpal Register City Clerk th~C'itp ui Ueridcn New Britain Chxrte~ and Oidlnnnces free newspaper IMunicipal Record City Clerk of Il~e c'ity of New Britain. New Haven Ch:~l.ler and 0rdiu:lnces free pamphlet City Clerk of I he I'iLy of Senr Iln- \-en. pamphlet Journal of the Proce City Clerk ings of the Court I Common Council. Stamford Chn~i~rnnd Ordinances. I free leaflets City CTerk Waterbury l'h.irt -1. nnA Ordmances l free pamphlet I Xunicipal Register. City Clerk ('it.,- nf \Vaterbur~. I I ', City Clerk not pub. I) sep. Departments I

Published in parts b! .50 ecretary and Con subject. each Lissloners of Disl of Colnmbla F1.OI:ID.I I Jacksonv~lle Code of the Cltr of Jack 2.00 City Treos. leaflets City Treasurer sonvillr. T.lrnptr Revised Code of the Cit! 1 00 City Clerk newspaper oi T:inlp:~ sep- GEORGIA 1 i Atlanta Cha~ter nnA Ordinance! 5.00 City Clerk pamphlet sep -Mnnicjpal Reports City Clerk of the City of .itlnnla and Code of 1910. 1 Augusta Not published. in yearbook Clerk of Clty Council Macon Code of Ordlnmces 6.00 City Clerk newspaper not pub. Sa~~nnah ('ode nf the Cit~of Sa 5.00 City Clerk nnnually with col. Annual Reports. Mayor vnnnah reports

Rrrised nrAinnncrs of thc pnmphlet Clty Clerk ('Ity of do~orn. 1.nws dnd Chdinanrr~ o 1901 1 free pamphlet col. Froeeedings of the City City Clerk the ('ity of bloom in_^ Rer~sion Council ton n progresrj amphlet and an- sep 'rhc Chiengo Code oi 1911 Iallaghnn and Co .unl proceedings Depaxtments and f the city counci Stntjstician ilot pub. ------T~tleof conip~ledvolume Manner 01 publi- l1:epyrts of -I>% j By whom sold catlon of new issued '~tle of collected reports By whom docu- I of ordmances 1 sold ord~nsnces I 'how ments dist~ibuied n.lnrille IRevised Oi dinnure3 or 1 he 2 Ou Citv Clei !i City Clerk ('lip of 1)anwlle ,I see Co~nmis+on 1:olm Law oi 2.00 C'liv ('rmptrollei not pub. '1 not Illlnnis and Oidinnncr5 and ILesolutions of Llie~ I c'onncil oI the City oil II 1lec.1tur. Ihsl SL Louis Rel ~,ed3ln1liclpal Code of 3 00 Comptroller newspaper sep. City Cumptroller mist st J.0~15. Revist'd Ordinmces. free pamphlet sep. City Clerk rhnrter mid Iler~+d Or- frce newspaper ) sep. City Clerk dinnnt es. I I'eorin Genci a1 Ordmances of 3 00 Cit~Clerk not pub I( SeP City Clerk I'eo~id Quincy Revisrd Ordinances of the free pamphlet '1 sep fficial Council Proceed- City Clcrk C'ily of Quincy. ( and ings Roclrford !X,,t !i~~blislierl. ne~fspsper Splingield (a) INDIANA C~onsrille fl rap City Cloutroller Fort Wayne solrl 'ouncil Proceedings. City Clerk In&anapolis free .nnual Reports. Ciry Controller

South Bend sold free T~xreHaute IOU'-% Ccclar Jtapids ounc~l Proceedings, City Clerk (monthly) Iin p;%m Clinton 0. P newspaper Clt~Clerk ('oiinc~l llluUs (n) Turenport ,Re~isedOrdinanre? , 1911 2 00 C~tvClerk pamphlet City Clwk nes Atoines T:ev~sed Ordinanres. 1900 0. P pamphlet Citr .iufliior nubuquc Revised-. Ordinances. SIOUXCity iP .?I ~sedOidinances. 3.00 Citr Trea;urer pamphlet Karcrloo Rcviscd Ordinances. ' 1902 0 P. ncwyxiger I - Eevision I In progress

0. P nervspnl~er of the City of1 1909 i 3.00 City Clerk newspaper 1. Rerision \ in progress Cormgton C'ompil:ltion 01 the Otd 1910 3.00 C11r Clerk newspaper I/ not 1 unnces and \l\lun~c~p: I p11b Law of Cavington. 1.rzlngton Reriwd Ordinances of th 1910 free City l'lerk C'itg of Lesingl on. 1,ouisville Rlconisl ('ompil:~tlou c 1911 flee Com,ptroller / lime11 O~din:~nces I Newport Law and O~dinmcc~. 1DO.i 2.00 Cit~Reco~ der not pub I eol Reports of the C~trof City Recorder Kewgol t. LOGISI.\NA I Orleans I.'lynn's 1Jipest. 1SDO l(l.00 Flynn newsynper Depnrlmentp Shreveport Ihdinaucek 19l)9 3 60 0. 11. not pub. Departments MAD?E T,ewston C~trO~dinances. ZSOS f rec Lewlston City 1:epolt. Clty Cle~k Portland Charter and Ordinances c 1911 sold City Messenger not pub. I sep Cjt~Aud~tor the ('ity of I'orlland. I MARYLAND Baltimore I3nllirnore C~tyCode l9OG 6.00 City 1.ib1ari.m Annual volume sep. dnnual Reports. and col. BI3SSSCHUSI~:TTS Boston 'hdinnnces of the City o 1905 1 .00 City Messenger sep City nocuments. City Messenger Roslm. and col Broekton Revised Ordinances of th law free amphlet (annual col City Report. City Messenger City of Brockton. B rookline By-Laws and Regulatlonr Inn: free not pub. eol Annual Town Reports. Town Clerk Cambridge Herised Ordmances of 1882 .~mphlet (annual col. Cambridge City Docu- City Clerk 1 Cambridge Itevision ments. n progress Chelsea C~tyOrdinances. Ison frpe newspaper col. C11else:t CIIS Documents. City Messenger Chicopee Revised Ordinances. l9Oi free In clty reglster eo~. /City ltegister. C~tyClerk I (annual) Everett Revlsed Ordinances a 1903 free newspaper nnd col Cits nocnments nnd Tea City Clerk 1903. CIty of Ever&] pamphlet Bmk. Pall River Charter and Ordinances a 1904 free In clty register ~01. ('ity Documents. City Clerk the City of Fall Rive] Fitchburg Charter and Ordinances a 1912 free col. ldnnual Reports. City Clerk I the Clty of Fitchburg. Haverhill 1911 not pub. col. City nocumentn. Mayor Holyoke I~evisedCity Ordinances. 1897 free newspaper sep. Municipal Register. CIty Clerk and col. Ordinances. Rules and 01 1890 col. City Reports. City Clerk ders and Laws relatin Rerlslon to city affairs. n y;y4ey Lowell Charter and Ordinnnce! free Supplement in Munic \ 1911 pal Register 1911. Lynn Cbnrter and 0;dinances. I907 free not pub. col. City Documents. City Clerk Malden Charter and Revised Ordl I Qll pamphlet City Clerk Dances of the City o Malden. New Bedford Charter and Ordinances. 1904 I free pamphlet col. City Documents. Clerk of Revision Committee8 I progress} I X cl -w 4 c: L:: U m- rn 0- CI- . 6 f U gj us 0 G, zz ;g; ::Xe CI - - :; 2& * 0 u . CI. -.. ----- 8 .C I 0 St Joseph I nen spaper City Ccmptroller St Louis Rerised Code of St. LOX is City Regisrrar leaflets yofs Yessage and ic-lMunicIpa1 Reference :ompanging Uoci~ments. hbrary Iil Springfield Revised Ordinances, City; City Clerk newspaper I C~tyClerk of Sp~ingfield. VOKTANA Butte ('ompiled Ordinances. 1902 1 free neu-spaper NEERASK-I Lincoln Revised 01dinances City Treasulcr nc~~~spnper City Auditor Omi11a 1:evised O~dinances 0. P IIPN-~I:I~~~- !-nal Report of the City Controller Ax Controller. South Omaha /~~lpulllisl~cd. newspaper C'ita ('lerk

I 1qnn free newspaper nun1 Report. City bud~tor Laws and Ordinances of / the r'ity of Manchest er. Itwi4(>1] iiI plogressl and Ordlnnnces. 1!110 1 free newspaper sep. Cit~(Ycrk I Ihdinanr.~..; of -itlantic 1911 1 free nerrsplper sep. Citr Clerk c'i ty. I 11- newspaper sell Departments of ii East Orange nervsp.lper c 01. nnal Report. Elizabeth $. pnmphlrt sep. il newspaper not pnb. newspaper Municipal ii 11 1)- not pill). 1111

P:issnic i; 0 ' nr\npnper Paterson nerrspnper City Officers Report Clerk. Bd. of Finnn rr Pelth hnlboy jCon11111ntion of rhe ('it1 solll Ie:1flet.. scp. I City Clerk a ''hm ter. Ordinances anc stat^ Law- I?nnk oi Cl~a~terand Or. i~er newspaper City Clerk flmnnrps. Sot piibli=hed not pub. drji;iinl Report of thc Town Clerk i J own of West nobolien

Charter. Ptntuies and 2.00 not pub Common Conncil Proceed Citr Clerk Gmci a1 Oldinances. ings ~ol.2 City Ortlinnuce Book. free not pub T'rweedings of the Corn City Clerk I nlon ro~incil Date of Yrlce I 1 Manner of publi- IRcp'rtsl Title of compiled volume By whom doeu- last lf By wbom sold 1 !ritle of collected reports, nents cllstributed of ordinnncks revmion sold I

Auburn free new spaper Iiinshnmpton Ord~nnnces Pnssed by thc ISDS 0. p. lenflers sep. City Clerk Council Buffalo Ord~nnnces of the City oi 1Dl1 1.00 City Clerk pamphlet sep City Clerk and Cuffalo. DepartmentsCity Clerk Elmirn Penal Ordinances of tbc 1007 free coceedings of com- col ~nnunlReports. City of Elmirn. tou council (nn- ual ) col. dayor's Message and An- nual Reports. Not published. leaflets sep. City Clerk ('h;irier and Ordinnnces. 1DO7 free newspaper not pilb. Sew Rocbelle Ord~~iancesof the City oi 1010 free newspaper col. !omptroller's Report. City Comptroller I Kew Rorhclle. rode of 01dinnnccs 1013 2 00 Law book. sellers newspaper sep. Departments ('ha1 ter and Ordinances oi IS08 ncwspnper sep. City Clerk rhe City of Newburgh Siagsra Falls Charter and 01dinances oi 1913 free newspaper col. ?ommn Council Proceed- City Clerk the Citg of Siagsr:~ ings.

191 I free newspaper col. innual Reports. City Chamberlain 1908 free hemspaper sep. Departments 3 9130 free leaflet Wl. 'omon Council Proceed- City Clerk ings and Reports of of. ficers. 1907 iree not pub. col :ommon Council Proceed. City Clerk ings, Manual and Re. ports newspaper sep Departments Sot ~~ublished. newspnper sell Depnrtments :'lty Charter and Ordi- 191 0 iiee newspaper not n.1nees pub. Pecnnd Class City Laa 1912 flee leaflets sep. 1In yor Supplemenral (:hartel and Code oi Ordmances s. !* \ 1tOLIS.l ('hailntte 1902 free not pub. City Clerk \T'~lmington 1nn2 free aeports of Officers. City Clerk OHIO .\k~on Revised Ordinanres 191lS free newspapel Depnrtments Canlox 1:rnlred Ordinances of thc 100G newspaper Clerk of Council I (w>- of Cmton. rirrmnnli Codification or' Ordinances 1911 free pamphlet 'i se9. Citr Auditor ('1erel:md I~eriscd Ordinances 1907 newspaper 1 col. lnnual Reports. funicij~al Reference Library Col~~mbns ]city Clerk s Report. 3911 free newspaper and \ col 4nnual Reports. City Clerk leaflets I Das-ton Cod~Ged Ordinances 1007 free newspaper Departments Rcl-ision n progrrs- i "" Revised Ord~nauces 1904 : Cree Clerk of ('ouucil newspaper I w Departments ,~'itvI Oldmances. 1911 flee newspaper Clty Clerk Ordinances 100s 1 elm City Auditor newspaper ltevlsed Ord~nnnces. 1907 I free I'oditird Ordmances. 1907 1 , free not pub. 1 not I ~ub 1907 I0 00 Legal News ('0. not. pub. ( sep. Uanual of the Cil~Cmn- Depts. or City I nud eil. Clerk col. 1907 -5.00 Clty Clerk leaflets ', col. Znnual Report of City City Clerk Officers. 1911 0. P newspnper )I col innual Report. City Auditor 1

IX0t published col. Finance Commr \Sot published newspaper I' sep. Ci@ Aud~tor

~'liarterand Ordinances. 1910 6 00 City Auditor not pub. i c 'itr I hgest. 1913 X..iO pamphlet Sot published not pub city contiol~er IJigest of City Ordinance! 1902 iree leaflets City ('Jerk Ljiyest of the Laws an IS98 free not pub. Hagor's Xessage and De- City Clerk City Ordinances parimental Reports Digest of Lnms, Ordmnnr 190: 1.00 Treasurer newspnper Uayor's Jdessage and De- Departments es and Rules. partmental Reports. \\'it\- Digest. 1006 6.00 City Clerk newspaper lity Reports. I City Clerk ICitr. Digest. 1906 2.00 Clerk not pub. .Jobnstomn Ordinance Book. 1597 free not pub. City Clerk I.:unt aster Sot published Wonthly Journal of Select City Clerk I '01 and Common Councils. XcMeesport !~eneralOrdinances 1909 6.00 C~tyClerk pamphlet sep. Departments Ncw Pastle Ordinance Book 1906 3.00 City Clerk leaflets 1 col. Citr Clerk Somiston-n Borou$b Digest. 1904 4.50 I. P. Knipe leaflets Borough Clerk l'hiladelphin l'hiladelpl~in Digest and 1905 sola L. J. H. Bagne annual volume col bnnual Uessage of the Nayor Supnlemcnt. 1910 I i "- Mayor. I'lttshurg Citv Digest 190s 7 00 Dept of Supplles pamphlet I sep. Dept. of Supplies Rending it? Digest IS97 free .ppendix to journal) col. lppendix to Journals of Clt~Clerk tevision f select and com- Select and Common n propresr Councils. Scranton Scrmton Digest. 1907 free leaflet sep. Departmenrs Shenundoah Sot published newspaper City Digcsr 1903 3.60 leaflet Departments City 1)igesr 1900 free pamphlet City Clerk City Jlanunl. 191" free pamphlet dayor's Message I

VIRGINIA Lynchburg (City Code and ~upplemeit ; , ( '00 I " I?. "ell Co leaflets col. 'ontrwts.the Cit) etc.,of Lyncbburgnnet tillgl it^ CIerk I and CitS Report\. C~tyCode newspaper and sep. C~tyClerk pet 1 Ordinances pamphlet ( col. fayor's Annual Message. City (lerh- ~tyCode. Custodian not pub ( sep. .nnual Reports. Cit~Clerk I:icnninI Supplement. I and I 1 1'309 ( free not pub. I 2;: .nnunl Report. 1 City 1:epart ~.WllIXGTOX I Seattle /('linltcl and Ordmances. City Controller nowspaper and I i pamphlet Sot 111ilJi4ie(I ne\>sg.lIwr '1 sep City ('lerk ('i. lrtci and Ordiuances City Clerk newspnper ' col. !ont~dlerkReport. 1 C~tyCont1011er I I W. T'IHGISIA Huutinqton (a) WheelinE not pi1b.

30 Clty Clerk not pub. 230 City Clelli sep CityWv rlerkClelk free 9L.11. 5 00 Purchasmg Agent sep. 1)epni tnwuts 2.00 City Clerk scp 1.00 City Clerk scp. and free Cltg Clerk 3.00