DAMAGED GOODS SHOULD BE SEPARATED FROM GOOD GOODS.

MONTHLY BULLETIN Indiana State Board ofHealt h [Entered as second-class matter at the Indianapolis Post office

NUMBER 1 VOLUME XVII. INDIANAPOLIS, JANUARY, 1914. 25 Cents a Year

T, HENRY DAVIS, M, D., President. Richmond. ABSTRACT OF MORTALITY STATISTICS FOR JAMES S BOYERS, M. D..» Vice President , .., „, Decatur. JOHN R. HICKS, M. D.. Covington.. JANUARY, 1914. H. H. SUTTON, M. D Aurora. Total deaths reported. 3,080; rate, 12.0. In the preceding J. N. HURTY. M. D. PHAR. D., Secretary , Indianapolis month, 2,059 deaths; rate, 11.3. In the same month last WM. F. KING, M. D...... ASST, SECRETARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGIST. J. L.ANDERSON ...... CHIEF Clerk.. year, 3,237 deaths; rate, 13.8. Deaths by important ages ChAS. A. CARTER, M. D. . .STATISTICIAN. were: Under one year, 439, or 14.2 per cent; 1 to 4, 162; WM. SHIMER, AB..M.D SUPT. BACTERIOLOGICAL LABORATORY« ADA E. SCHWEITZER, M. D ...... ASSISTANT BACTERIOLOGIST. 5 to 9, 59; 10 to 14, 56; 15 to 19, 59; 65 and over, 1,130, or L, W. BARRY, M. D... ASST. PATHOLOGIST. K, W. HIDY, M. D ASSISTANT, PASTEUR LABORATORY. 30.6 per cent. H. E. BARNARD B. S...... STATE FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSIONER AND CHEMIST. H. E. BISHOP, B. S„- ...Assistant CHEMIST, SANITARY SECTIONS: The Northern Sanitary Sec­ J. A. CRAVEN "...--...... ENGINEER AND WATER CHEMIST. WILL H. McABEE...... ••- .....Drug Chemist. tion, population 972,129, reports 1.042 deaths: rate 12.6. R. L. SACKETT, C. E .. ..SANITARY ENGINEER. In the preceding month, 8$Q deaths; rate 10.8. In the same month last year, 1,0S5 deaths; rate 13.4. The MONTHLY BULLETIN will be sent to all health officers and d*t>» title* In the State. Health officers and deputies should carefully rend and THE CENTRAL SANITARY SECTION, population, .1,152,277, Hie each copy for future reference. This is very important, for we exp«ct to print Instructions, rules and general information, which it will be reports 1,333 deaths; rate, 13.0. In the preceding month, necessary for officers to preserve. 1,107 deaths; rate, 12.0. In the same month last year, 1,400 deaths: rate, 14.4. CONTENTS. THE SOUTHERN SANITARY SECTION, population 672,551, re­ — Page ports 705 deaths, rate 12.3. In the preceding month. 603 Births for January. 1914 .... . • • • • 1 Abstract of .Mortality Statistics for .January, l914 1 deaths: rate, 10.6. In the same month last year. 752 Summary of Morbidity and Mortality Statistics for January. 1914.. 1 deaths; rate, 13,2, Delayed Birth and Death Certificates ...-• - Report of the Department of Food and Drugs for January, 1914.... 2 REVIEW OF SECTIONS: The highest death rate oc­ Reducing Mortality at the Higher Age Groups 3 Inspectors' Report for the Month, of January. 1914... , 3 curs in the Central Section and is 0.7 higher than the rate Water Laboratory Report for January, 1914 • • 4 for the whole State. The Southern Section presents the Watching the Water Supply 4 Poor Business . — , — 5 highest rate for tuberculosis, measles, whooping cough, in­ Vacuum Cleaners for Dairies.... 5 fluenza, and smallpox. The Central Section presents the Avoiding Urine.. • — - * — 5 Report of Bacteriological Laboratory for January. 1914 5 highest death rate for diphtheria, lobar ami broncho pneu­ Patients Who Have Finished Pasteur Treatment 6 monia, cerebro spinal fever, puerperal septicemia, cancer Rules Governing Free Pasteur Preventive Treatment for Rabies... 6 and external causes. The Northern Sanitary Section pre­ The Butchers' Lament...... § Unsterilized Dishes and Utensils in Restaurants...... 6 sents the highest death rate for typhoid fever, scarlet Domestic- Science — ..... 7 fever, diarrhea and enteritis and poliomyelitis. Normal Human Beings 7 Root and Branch • 7 RURAL: Population, 1.550,042, reports 1,580 deaths; Cost of Illness 7 Constipation — ...... —...... 7 rate. 12.0, In the preceding month, 1,252 deaths; rate, Signing Death Certificates by Telephone 7 13.5. In the same month last year. 1.6S7 deaths; rate, See That Child's name is on the Certificate of Birth...... 8 Eight Little Maids for School 8 12.8. Chart Showing Geographical Distribution of Deaths from Certain Communicable Diseases • - 9 URBAN: Population. 1.240,315; reports 1.494 deaths; Table 1. Deaths in Indiana by Counties...... 10 rale. 14.1. In the preceding month, 1.407 deaths; rate, Table 2. Deaths in Indiana by Cities...... 11 0.5. In the same month last year. 1,550 deaths; rate, 15,0. Mortality in Indiana for January.. : —...... —...... 11 U. S. Weather Report ...... 11 The cities named present the following death rates: In­ dianapolis, 16.1: Evansville, 11.7: Fort Wayne. 10,1: Terre BIRTHS FOR JANUARY, J9J4. Haute, 13.2: South Bend 11.7; Gary, 12,9; Miracle, 10,8; Total births 4,801 (stillbirths excluded), State rate, 20.2. Richmond. 12.4: Hammond, 19,0; Anderson, 17.2; East Chi­ Males. 2.430; females, 2,365. cago, 17.5; Lafayette, 19.9; New Albany, 16.5; Elkhart, White males, 2,308; white females. 2,318, 13.7: Michigan City, 9.8. Colored births. 85; males. 8S: females. 47. .Stillbirths. 100; white. 157; colored, 3. Northern Sanitary Section, population. 972,129, 1/725 SUMMARY OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY births; rate, 20.8. FOR JANUARY, 1914, Central Sanitary Section, population 1.1.12.277. IjMO Scarlet fever was reported as the most prevalent disease, births: rate, 10.6. 73 per cent of observers reporting It present The order Southern Sanitary Section, population 672,551, 1,157 of prevalence Is as follows: Scarlet fever, diphtheria, births: rate. 20.2. tonsillitis, influenza, pulmonary tuberculosis, measles, acute Highest rate. Lake County. 32.2. bronchitis, acute rheumatism, typhoid fever, chicken-pox, Lowest rate. Scott County, 1.0.7. lobar pneumonia, bronchial pneumonia, whooping cough, Total births for 1913 tto date), 50.391. smallpox, other forms of tuberculosis, diarrhea and enter!-* 2 MONTHLY BULLETIN, INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH. tis, malaria fever, intermittent and remittent fever, erysipe­ tinted), 1; other external violence, 6. Homicide total, 9; las, rabies in human, puerperal fever, dysentery, rabies in miles, 8; females, 1. Homicide by fire arms, 6; homicide animals^ poliomyelitis, cholera morbus, cerebrospinal fever. by other means, 3. SMALLPOX: 234 cases in 26 counties with one death, The following counties reported smallpox present: Ben­ DELAYED BIRTH AND DEATH CERTIFICATES. ton, 20 cases; Blackford, 2; Boone, i; Carroll, 2; Cass, 1; Each month the statistical department receives certifi­ Clark, 3; Clay, 5; Clinton, 4; Dubois, 2; Elkhart, 1; Floyd, cates for births and deaths that have occurred during the 1 case and i death; Gibson, 9 cases; Grant, 3; Harrison, preceding months, which are not sent to this department in 1; Hendricks, i; Jennings, 1; Madison, 1; Marion, M; lime to be tabulated with the report for the current mouth. Martin, 2; Orange, 3; Silencer, 2; Steuben, 12; 5t Joseph, With the report for January the following counties named 1; Tippecanoe, 2; Vanderburgh, €8; Washington, 2; Wayne, below were delinquent in this matter: 1. BIRTHS. TUBERCULOSIS: 310 deaths, of which 2S0 were of Adams, 1; Allen, 15; Bartholomew, 3; Benton, 3; Black­ the pulmonary form and 30 other forms. The male tuber­ ford, 1; Boone, 1; Carroll, 3: Cass, 2: Clark, 14: Daviess, culosis deaths numbered 140; females, 170. Of the male l; Dearborn, 3; Dekalb, 2; Delaware, 10; Elkhart, 1: Fay­ deaths, 20 were in the age period of IS to 40 and left 40 ette, 1; Fountain, 1; Franklin. 3; Fulton, 1: Gibson. 3; orphans under 12 years of age. Of the females, 50 were Grant, 7; Greene, 3: Hamilton, 3; Harrison. 3; Hendricks, in the same age period as above and left 112 orphans under 2; Henry, 2; Howard, 2; Huntington, 2: Jasper, 5; Jef­ 12 years of age. Total orphans under 12 years of age ferson, 1; Johnson, 2 ; Knox, 2; Kosciusko, 1; Lake, 51; made in one month by this preventable disease, 152;. num­ Laporte, 4; Lawrence, 2; Madison, 0; Marion, t>; Marshall, ber of homes invaded, 280. 1 : Monroe, 34; Montgomery, 1; Morgan, 3; Noble, 2; Ohio, PNEUMONIA: 405 deaths; rate 170,5 per one hundred 1; Owen, 1; Parke, 0; Perry, 4; Pike, 2; Porter, 3; Pulaski, thousand. In the preceding month, 238 deaths; rate, 101.1. 2; Randolph, 4; Ripley, 5"; Scott, 8; Shelby, 1; Starke, 1; In the same month last year, 430 deaths; rate, 183.6. Of St. Joseph, 8; Sullivan, 1 ; Tippecanoe, 5; Tipton, 3; Union, the deaths reported this month, 91 were under one year 1: Vermillion, 2; Vigo, 3; Warren, 4; Warrick, 1; Wash­ of age; 43 in the age period of 1 to 4; 10 in the age period ington, 0; Wayne, 8; Wells, 2, Total, 327. 5" to 9; 100 in the age period 10 to 80 and the remainder* were in the age period of 60 and over. DEATHS. Allen, 7; Bartholomew, 3; Brown, 1; Cass, 2; Clark, 3; TYPHOID FEVER: 142 cases in 40 counties with 37 Dearborn, 2; Delaware, 1; Dubois, 2; Fulton, 1; Grant, 1; deaths, In the preceding month 181 cases reported in 41 Greene, 1; Hamilton, 1; Jasper, 4; Jefferson, 1; Lake, 2; counties with CO deaths. In the same month last year 74 Madison, 3; Martin, 1; Miami, 1; Monroe, 6; Montgomery, cases hi 34 counties with 20 deaths. 2; Morgan, 1; Orange, 2; Owen, 1; Pike, 1; Posey, 1 ; Rip­ DIPHTHERIA: 400 cases in do counties with 42 deaths. ley, 1; Shelby, 2: Steuben, 1; St. Joseph, 1; Sullivan, 6; In the preceding month 487 cases In 47 counties with 50 Wells, 2; Whitley, 1. Total, 05. deaths. In the same month last year 428 cases in 62 counties with 66 deaths, REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FOOD AND SCARLET FEVER: 002 eases in 68 counties with 10 DRUGS, INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH, deaths. In the preceding month, 4S6 cases in 63 counties FOR JANUARY, 1914. with 13 deaths. In the same month last year, 504 cases in H. E. BARNARD, STATE FOOD AND DRUG COMMISSIONS!*. 56 counties with 13 deaths, During the month of January 174 food samples were MEASLES: 645 cases in 48 counties with 9 deaths. This analyzed, of which 113 were classed as legal and 51 as disease was epidemic in the following counties: Allen, 34 illegal. Fifteen out of the 21 samples of Wienerwurst eases, Bartholomew, 28; Crawford, 40; Green, 10;' Law­ sausage contained starch. Five out of the 35 pan sausage rence, 31; Marion, 54; Owen, 28; Pike, 50; Porter, 40; Vigo, samples also contained starch. Two of the 7 samples of 37, bologna sausage were adulterated with starch and one sam­ RABIES: S persons were bitten by rabid animals and ple of hamburger steak showed a similar fraudulent addi­ treated by the state Board of Health during the month. tion of cereal. Nearly all of these samples were collected There were no deaths. from markets in the city of Indianapolis and the results can only be taken as showing great laxity on the part of POLIOMYELITIS: 5 cases in 4 counties with 2 deaths. dealers who should know by previous experience in the The deaths occurred In Henry County, female 10 years; courts that the pure food laws no longer allow the sale of and Kosciusko county, male 5 years. large quantities of water soaked up with starch under the EXTERNAL CAUSES: Total deaths, 183, males 146, name of sausage. Dealers in food products must know females 37. Suicide total, 38; males, 30; females, 8. what they are selling;. Any plea that they are ignorant Means of suicide: Poisons 17, asphyxia 2, hanging or of the composition of lard or sausage is additional evidence strangulation 0, tire arms, 11, cutting or piercing Instru­ that they are not proper persons to handle food* The ments 2. Accidental or undefined—total, 136; males 108, Indiana Supreme Court long ago laid down the basic prin­ females 28. Poisoning by food, 1; other acute poisonings* ciple that the man who engager in the business of handling 3; conflagration, 1; burns (conflagration excepted) 14; food must assume the responsibilities connected therewith. absorption of deleterious gases (conflagration excepted), Any butcher who buys sausage containing so much cereal 6; accidental drowning, 2; traumatism by fire arms, 2: and water that it might more properly be Hold for the traumatism by falls, 31; traumatism in mines, 4; trauma­ making of pancakes than for frying as a meat product tism by machines, 4; railroad accidents and injuries, 28; must know what he is buying. He cannot rest secure in street ear accidents and injuries, 9; automobile accidents the belief that the wholesaler or manufacturer is going to and injuries, 7; Injuries by other vehicles, 2; other crush­ furnish him complete protection, ing, 12; injuries by animals, 3; electricity (lightning ex- While the sale of sausage containing cereal is not pro- MONTHLY BULLETIN, INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH.

prohibited if every package delivered to the customer is **2. We must encourage the movements directed against plainly marked, even under such ei renin stances the amount the spread of venereal disease as well as against the Intem­ oi' cereal added Is limited to 2 per cent. perate use of alcoholic beverages. Rut 2 of the 47 samples of milk examined were illegal. "3. We must, further all efforts for the improvement of This Is an excellent showing, especially for a winter month, adequate labor legislation and promote better understanding ami is a hopeful sign of increased interest In cleanly dairy­ between employers and employees. This programme will ing. include the improvement of factory sanitation, the medical Nine of the 18 samples of vinegar examined were illegal, examination of employees and the instruction of both em­ usually because of (he low acidity or eider vinegar solids. ployers and employees in industrial hygiene. Five of the 7 samples of pickles were illegal because of "4. It will be necessary to supplement labor legislation the presence of alum. with the careful examination of death certificates to see that Of the 20 drug samples examined. IS were passed as in every instance those who are responsible for preventable conforming to the required standards, and 2 were con­ deaths are properly prosecuted, demned as illegal. "5, Finally, we must heartily encourage the movement for public education on all topics connected with personal RESULTS OF ANALYSIS OF FOODS AND DRUGS DURING THE MONTH OF hygiene that there may he better co-operation between phy­ JANUARY, 1914. sicians and their patients and that there may be no un­ necessary losses sustained through neglect of symptoms Number Number pointing to serious organic diseases." Classification. I Legal Illegal. Tom, That the increase in mortality at the higher age groups which Dr. Dublin describes has really taken place has been recognised by public health statisticians for some time. In fact, so far back as 1908, Dr. Wm. H. Guilfoy, Registrar of Ciders Grape punch1 the Department of Health of New York City, published a Lime juice paper in. which this very point was emphasized. Flour Dr. Dublin's conclusions give an admirable statement of the important public health work of the immediate future Lard . . Liverwurst and deserve the careful attention of all interested in this Meat Sausage important field - Bulletin New York City Board of Health. Wienerwurst Milk Products - Butter . Buttermilk INSPECTORS* REPORTS FOR THE MONTH OF CHEESE Cream JANUARY, 1914. Milk PEPPER During the month of January the inspectors reported Peppers Pickles l,25:i visits to places handling foods and drugs. Eleven of Vinegar Miscellaneous these establishments were classed as in excellent condi­ Total. tion, 5tST good, 051 as fair, S4 as poor and 20 as bad. Eighteen of the 20 places classed as bad were dairies, the Drugs other two places being grocery stores. Patent Medicines Of the 63 dairies inspected none were even good, 6 were Snuff classed as fair, 39 poor and 18 had, Spirits of camphor Lemon Extract Nine of the 502 grocery stores were in excellent condi¬ Aromatic Spirits of Ammonia Tincture of ginger tion, 240 were good. 237 were fair. 14 were poor and 2 bad. Miscellaneous. Two of the 260 meat markets visited were rated excel¬ Total „ . . lent, 130 as good, 117 fair and 11 poor. Eighty-two of the 103 drug stores visited were good and 21 fair. None were either in poor or bad condition. REDUCING MORTALITY AT THE HIGHER Of the 168 bakeries and confectioneries visited 70 were AGE GROUPS. in good condition, 79 were fair and 8 were poor. In the December number of the American Journal of Of the 121 hotels and restaurants inspected 36 were Public Health, Dr. Jouis I. Dublin, statistician of the Metro­ rated good, 77 fair and S poor. politan Life Insurance Company, has an interesting arti­ Other places inspected during the month included cream­ cle on the "Possibilities of Reducing Mortality at the Higher eries, milk depots, slaughterhouses, ice cream parlors, cold A are Groups," and shows that while the death rates as a storage plants, etc. whole have diminished in recent years. there has been not During the month of January nine prosecutions were only no diminution hut an actual increase in the death brought charging violation of the pure food and drug, rates of persons over 50. The increase is particularly sanitary and pure advertising law. One ease involved the marked in diseases of the heart and circulatory system. sale of mis branded camphor; one the sale of sweet cider Dr. Dublin emphasizes the effect of the occurrence of com­ preserved with benzoate of soda; one of grape Juice con­ municable diseases in childhood and early adult life, the taining sulphites: two the operation of unsanitary grocery effect of venereal diseases and alcohol and the effect of stores; one the sale of unprotected food staffs; one the occupation. He summarizes his very suggestive study as sale of dirty milk and one the sale of adulterated butter. follows: The adulterated butter was sold by Dora Ken worthy of Seymour,, and was perhaps the most Interesting case of "1. We must place even greater emphasis upon the municipalfood adulteratio n whiccontroh l haosf comthe ecommunicabl to the attentioe diseasen of sth eo f early life in order to reduce the instances of heart and kidney im­ department. In this case the butter was sold in the form pairments which often result therefrom. known as country roil and appeared to be a fair quality MONTHLY BULLETIN. INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH.

of country butter, bet when the roll was broken open the WATER LABORATORY REPORT FOR entire center was found to be a solid mass of grease, used JANUARY, 1914. over and over again for frying various food stuffs such as During the month of January, 1014, a sanitary examina­ chicken, fish, etc., if the presence of fish scales and feathers tion was made of 111 samples of drinking water. Three in the grease could he taken as evidence of the use to <,f these samples were taken from public supplies, i.e.: which it had been put The roll of grease was covered New Castle, Brazil and Ft. Wayne, and all were found with a thin coating of butter so spread on that it com­ to be potable. pletely hid lite fact as to what the bulk of the roll really <>iH» hundred and eijd'.i samples from private supplier was. distributed abour the State were examined. Of this uum- The false advertising case involved the sale of a product t»rr, 71 were classed as good. 17 were doubtful and 20 as a hair color restorer, when as a matter of fact the pro­ showed such evidence of surface pollution that they were duct was simply an ammoniacal solution of silver nitrate, deemed impotable. Special investigations consisted of a obviously not a color restorer at all. The pure advertis­ visit to Liberty, Indiana, where an additional supply was ing law is stringent in its provisions and will be used to sought and the examination of a series of samples from supplement the pore food -and drug law wherever goods the St. Francis Convent • located at Oldenburg, Indiana. are dishonestly advertised. The fines and costs collected where a hypochlorite plant has been installed. during the otolith amounted to $217.40. Private Supplies...... Total 10S During the month of January 72 condemnation notices Good .71 were issued, Go because of unsanitary conditions and 63 be­ Bad ...... 20 cause of improper construction, The summarized list ap­ Doubtful 17 pears below. Public Supplies— New Carlisle Good NUMMARY OF INSPECTIONS MADE DURING THE MONTH OF Brazil .....,.,,..,.... Good JANUARY, 1914. Ft. Wayne...... Good

N.». j No. | No. ; No. No. WATCHING THE WATER SUPPLY. INSPECTIONS. Inspected ; Excellent: Good.; Fair. Poor. Bad. That the cities of Indiana are interested in the work of tin* State Board of Health is well illustrated by the fol­ Dairies ,, .. , i 63 Grocery stores. , , 502 lowing comment clipped from the Fort Wayne Sentinel : Meat markets.,, ...,,..,.,[ 2d0 "Announcement has just been made that the Indiana Drug stores ... . . ^. _,, ,; 10,i Bakeries and confectioneries . . . { ltffi Board of Health will hereafter devote specific attention Hotels and restaurants...... ,,,; 121 Creameries, ... .,.,..; 4 to a campaign to bring the water supplies of Indiana cities Milk depots • • • --. j $ up to a standard that shall he unquestionably safe, and Fish market , . ..; 1 Slaughter houses , 6 they are asking the arrive co-operation of the superinten­ Poultry houses 5 lce cream parlors ...... J 13 dents of waterworks plants and other city authorities in Ice cream factories > 2 Wholesale grocery ! 1 the effort The state health department has already been Cold storage plant ' 1 of much aid to cities and towns in the preservation of a Flour mill. . , ! Fruit and vegetable store , ; 1 safe water supply, but the work has never been undertaken Total, , . .. 1,233 on any such pretentious scale as is now proposed. There is every possible reason why the board should meet prompt and enthusiastic acquiescence and assistance from every NOTICES OF CONDEMNATION DURING THE MONTH OF JANUARY, l914. Indiana city and town which has a waterworks system. "Admittedly nothing is more important to public health

Reasons for Condemnation. than that the water supply of cities and towns be abso­ CLASSIFICATION Total. lutely safe. No surface water can he free from danger Unsanitary j Improper Conditions. Constructions. of pollution, and often it is of a character that cannot be detected save by expert analysis. The state board pro­ Bakeries...... poses a systematic analysis of every water supply in the Confectioneries. Drug stores. state at least four times a year in order to safeguard the Groceries Groceries and meat markets. public against contamination, whether the water is under Hotels suspicion or not, taking the position that prevention is to Meat markets...... Restaurants he infinitely preferred to the cure that might be necessary Saloons. , if prevention be neglected. Total "Fort Wayne had a splendid illustration o( the efficacy of watchfulness over the water supply during the days

LIST OF PROSECUTIONS MADE DURING THE MONTH OF JANUARY, 1914.

Laboratory County Names and Addresses of Defendants. Why Prosecuted. Trial Final Disposition

Cass , Fred C. Langfrets, Logansport 1 Misbranding of camphor John Smith, New Albany ..... ; Selling sweet cider with Benzoate of soda Floyd K. H. Day, Noblesville ...... • Dirty milk .... Hamilton Dora Ken worthy, Seymour..... ' Selling adulterated butter . . Jackson Frank Woznick, Indiana Harbor. i Conducting store in unsanitary manner Lake James Marrrelli, Indiana Harbor. , Selling unprotected food stuffs. Lake Leo Orzechowski, Indiana Harbor Conducting store in unsanitary manner- Lake Miss. M. E. Phelan, Indianapolis , False advertising . ,...,,, Marion Ben Freiberg, Indianapolis.. . Selling grape juice containing sulphites Marion . MONTHLY BULLETIN, INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH.

following the Hooded season last spring. So thoroughly was REPORT OF BACTERIOLOGICAL LABORATORY this done and so readily was the warning accepted that INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH, iho city escaped an epidemic that was for a time greatly FOR JANUARY, 1914 feared hy those in position to appreciate the danger. To WILL SHIMER' M. 11., Superintendent. deal with the state-wide* problem intelligently it will in all probability be necessary to have a sanitary survey of Sputum for tubercle bacilli— the watershed and a study of local conditions at each point. Positive ...... Whatever pains and whatever expense may be involved, Negative however, is likeh to prove fhe finest sort of investment Trine for tubercle bacilli- for Indiana cities and towns." Negative ...... Pus for tubercle bacilli- Negative POOR BUSINESS, Feces for tubercle bacilli- The operators of moving picture shows are complaining Negative about business. They say the interest in the "movies" is Widal tests for typhoid fever— nut so great as it was a year or so ago, and that the at­ Positive tendance is showing a notable falling off. But few of the Negative ...... Indianapolis theatres are doing better than making ex­ penses. The Board of Health of the city of Chicago has a Paratyphoid for typhoid fever— good explanation for this lack of business, and the same Positive i..... explanation holds for Indiana. Throat cultures for diphtheria bacilli- Dr. Young says in part ; "A little enlightenment on the Positive ...... reason why may lead some of these unfortunate proprietors Negative to remove the cause before their business is entirely gone. Suspicious A word to the unwise when backed up by evidence that No growth touches the pocket-book should be sufficient to cause them Unsatisfactory to mend their ways. "For the hist six or seven years, especially the last three, Epidemics for diphtheria bacilli— the people of this city have been hearing a very great deal Positive about the dangers of breathing impure air and they have Negative .... been particularly warned against frequenting unventilated Suspicious , places of public assemblage. The Department of Health, all civic organizations, women's and men's clubs, churches, Brains for Negri bodies— schools and ether teaching institutions have been active Dogs: in spreading the gospel of pure air and more recently they Positive have been urging upon tin* people the necessity of avoiding Negative ...... the uuventjlated theatres of the city. Cats: k, The great majority of our citizens now understand the Positive ...... importance o( avoiding unventilated theatres, and the num­ Cow: ber practicing this avoidance is daily increasing. This Positive means a diminishing attendance for the unventilated or Horse: improperly ventilated theatres. Negative ...... ••The folly of denying the people something which an Hog: aroused public opinion demands is. as is always the case, Negative . . , , leading to the elimination of those who are so foolish as to persist in their denials." Pathological tissues— We have been preaching fresh aid and ventilation per­ Sarcoma sistently to the operators of moving picture shows to more Carcinoma successfully attract the patronage of people who have Miscellaneous . made up their minds to live under healthful conditions. If as much attention wore paid to the installation of ven­ Guinea pigs inoculated for rabies- tilating apparatus in the theatre as is given to the construc­ Negative ...... tion of papier macho- fronts, business would be better. Blood counts...... Blood for malaria Plasmodia— Negative ...... VACUUM CLEANERS FOR DAIRIES; A dairy in Wis¬ Pus miscellaneous...... consin has installed vacuum cleaners. They are near the Trine for chemical analysis...... doors of the thoroughly screened milking houses and as the Pus for gonococci— cows enter they come under the vacuum cleaners and are Females: lidded of dirt and flies. What won't the cranks for better­ Positive ...... ment do next? Negative ...... Suspicious ...... Males: AVOIDING TRINE: The doctor reported in his death Positive certificate that the death was due to "uremia." He was Negative asked to give the cause of the uremia and In his reply Suspicious ...... said — "Uremia due to infant never avoiding his urine.*' Unsatisfactory ...... 0 MONTHLY BULLETIN. INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH.

Sex not given; Rule S. Children must not eat candy, bananas or other Positive ...... sweets during ihe treatment, nor shall any medicine be Negative ...... given to them except the same is prescribed by the attend­ ing physician. Cerebrospinal fluid ...... Rule 9. Persons taking the Free "Pasteur preventive treatment who willfully violate these rules, shall immedi­ Knee joint fluid for tubercle bacilli— ately forfeit all rights to further free treatment. Negative ...... Of my own free will 1 subscribe to the above rules in Tape worm for identification. each pair and as a whole, this day the — of ———-, 191—. Total number specimens examined...... Doses of antityphoid vaccine sent out,......

OUTFITS SENT OUT DURING JANUARY, 1914 THE BUTCHER'S LAMENT. Tuberculosis ...... The meat inspector is mine enemy, I shall not like him. Diphtheria ...... lie maketh nie 10 shoo out the flies and cover the sausage Widals ...... mill. GC...... He shower h me rh«* meat 1 shall sell, and that I shall not. Special for blood. .. Yea. verily, tho' 1 scrub ihe ice-box twice yearly, lie sayeth Malaria ..., it is nut clean, Bile Media.... lie kiekeiii if I keep hogs in the back yard and sayeth it Hook worm. is unsanitary. lie sinelleth of my sausage and heaveth it in the slop bar- Total number sent tel. even ihu' it. be but slightly sour. He domaudeth that 1 uLondon Times in a recent issue has this to say of the or Sunday. danger of contagion through the use of glasses, utensils and Rule 4. All patients over fourteen years of age, if called towels which have been infected with the germs of typhoid upon, must give their assistance in the public health work fever, diphtheria, tuberculosis and syphilis. of the State Board of Health, "When one thinks that a typhoid carrier, a victim of am­ Rule 5. Parents or guardians with children must keep bulatory typhoid fever—that is. typhoid fever in an active close and careful watch over them, and they shall be held stage—of influenza, mumps, or diphtheria, of tuberculosis, responsible for the deportment and for any damage said of syphilis, ma> have caused tho contamination of glasses, children may do. spoons, forks, el«\. within an hour of their being used by a Mule t>. All patients, unless permission to do otherwise healthy man. one realizes how momentous the question of is given by the physician administering treatment, must be sterilization in restaurants really is. A cracked lip, a small in their rooms at boarding house or hotel by 9:00 P. M, nicer, even a trifling abrasion of the mucous membrane of Rule 7. Alcohol shall not be used in any form during the mouth may afford a lodging ground for the invading or­ the treatment or for one month following completion of ganisms, which will quickly pass from there to the blood treatment stream. Undoubtedly infectious diseases are spread, and MONTHLY BULLETIN. INDIANA STATE BOARD Of HEALTH, epidemics invited by this curious oversight of the restaurant Tapioca pudding proprietors nod (heir public. In the report of the Out­ Pear sauce ...... patient Committee of the London Hospital on syphilis it is Cake ...... recorded that a ea.se was recently under treatment of a Oatmeal rookies ...... glassblowers boy assistant. The boy was infected on the Lima beans lip*. The elder man was induced to come up to hospital. Milk ami was found to bo suffering from an active condition of Cocoa i he mouth, infection.' the report continues, 'through Bananas ,, glasses, drinking utensils and towels is met with, but is Apples ...... not. common. l>r. Sequeira recently had a case in which Grapes ..,,,,,,...... a beer-can handed from one workman to another was the agent which carried the infection * * * Dr. Fields re­ JEFFERSON LUNCH MENUE. ported to us a 'case of a patient infected in the eyelid as Nov. 10, 1913. the result of the attempted removal of a foreign body from Vegetable soup. crackers.. the eye by the corner of a handkerchief moistened with Boiled rice, milk. saliva.' From all the data available the committee arrived Creamed com ...... at the conclusion that about 12 per cent, of the population Graham gems of London might In* supposed to be infected with this dis­ Plain sandwiches ...... ;...... ;...... ease." Gem cakes "Tins is undoubtedly an exceedingly moderate statement Cake of the case. Hut is it surely an exceedingly disquieting Bananas one. whoa one thinks of the tens of thousands of persons Apples who drink daily from the same unsterilized glasses, and Plates in Paraffine Paper. eat with the same spoons and forks.'' Milk, skimmed . ,, . "Happily, the remedy is simple. It consists in the in­ SUGGESTIVE MENUS FOR LUNCHES FOR TEN CENTS. stallation in every restaurant, tea-room, and bar of an No, L efficient sterilizer, and the regular use of this, It would Baked beans not be difficult to combine washing and sterilizing in a sin­ Brown bread. gle process, so that no great loss of time need be incurred. One half-pint bottle milk. In any case, the advantages from the public health point Sweet chocolate. of view would far outweigh any additional trouble caused, whilst the public would possess a graduate of immunity No. 2. from danger. One can not suppose that anything but Creamed beef on toast. ignorance is responsible for the present methods. It-is im­ Banana. possible to think that they can remain in vogue. In view Cocoa. nf the prevalence of orally transmitted diseases, the intro­ Figs or dates. duction of sterilizers is a matter of grave public urgency. It is absurd that any man should be required to expose himself to a needless and most insidious risk when a means NORMAL HUMAN BEINGS': If our central idea and' of escape from it lies ready to hand." efforts for the last three generations bad been to produce normal human l>eing$. woman suffrage and quite all other consummations to be wished, would now obtain. DOMESTIC SCIENCE, ROOT AND BRANCH: A thousand people are engaged MISS CALLA KRENTEL, in hipping off the branches of evil to one engaged in axing at the roof. The lunch rooms of the Gary. Indiana, schools have been organized to fulfill three purposes. The First: To supply COST OF ILLNESS: Fisher says 1,500,000 constantly 111 foods best adapted to the needs of the growing child at the of preventable maladies in the United State?, annual cost, lowest possible cost. Second; In placing the preparation of $1,600,000,000. these lunches entirely in the hands of classes in Domestic At above rate in Indiana 50.000 constantly ill. cost $10,- Science who arc learning food values, cost of production «KMU <¥) annually. CONSTIPATION, the bane of civilization, is generally the and are forming ideals that will remain with them always. result of the neglect of the bowels and of wrong eating; They are able to sot* the direct results of their efforts and and cathartic* medicines have become a plague. handiwork, which fills the serious mind of a child with the full responsibility of her position in the school and in society. Third: The children who buy their lunches learn SIGNING DEATH CERTIFICATES BY TELEPHONE: the foods which are best for them. They are taught to Among the certificates* received at the office of the State choose soups, vegetables and milk, rather than pies pickles, t Board for December was one from Scott County reporting coffee or sweets. the death of a child 1 month old. The cause of death as It is hoped that this movement will be met with favor by stated by the certificate was "Asphixiation" Contributory all parents, and if there are any enquiries, that they will ( secondary) '"Indigestion" feel free to come to the kitchens. The teachers in charge We wrote and asked the physician to please state how will always 1M> glad to help with any menus for children or Asphyxiation occurred. He replied as follows: answer any quest ions relative to the work. "Case referred to was one of Indigestion—Contributory EMERSON CAFE, cause. Immediate cause was Autointoxication. I gave this Menu, Oct. 16,. 3013. ever a phone that was in very poor working order that Thicken soup $0.04 day/' (Ineken sandwich ...... -0-o Here was a case of careless reporting which any physi­ KscaHoped potatoes ...... -05 cian should he ashamed of. MONTHLY bulletin, INDIANA STATE BOARD OF HEALTH.

SEE THAT CHILD'S NAME IS ON THE EIGHT LITTLE MAIDS FOR SCHOOL. CERTIFICATE OF BIRTH, Ail eight of the young girls stepped off an Illinois-street The first name of the child should be on the birth cer­ ear at the corner of North street. They were headed for tificate. Parents should see to it that the first: name of the the Shortridge High School. On the car I had carefully child is on the certificate. Otherwise in years to come, observed them. Not one presented a wholesome appearance. where there are several children, It might be impossible Every complexion was putty like. Every one of them had to identify the different children. filled teeth and pale gums. Not one had cherry lips or •There is nothing in all the world so important as little apple cheeks. Lack luster eyes and languid manners pre­ children; nothing so interesting. If ever you wish to go in vailed. Just one-half of them had splotches or pimples on their faces. Each one wore high-heeled pointed slipt>ers, and stockings as thin as the gossamer film of summer. Their feet had been considerably deformed by wrongly shaped shoes before they hail reached seven years of age. High heels had been added later and the deforming of spine, hips, and shoulders, was now progressing finely, The de­ forming of the pelvis and the misplacing of internal organs had been going on for some time, for all wore corsets laced just a little tighter than mother approved, but permitted. No doubt the nutrition of these school girls, such as it was, was derived principally from chocolate creams, salads and ice cream soda writer. Tn their earlier school days, glucose stick-candy and "all-day suckers" had knocked out whole­ some appetites. Probably every one was taking a tonic, or some kind of "stomach medicine.*' One firm of stomach tablet-makers sold five tons of their tablets in one year and netted a big fortune. The takers are now just a little fur- then on with their bad stomachs than before taking.. The doctors who prescribed the tablets and the druggists who sold them, just smiled, lor they know most people want health by medicine and not by right living, and it is little profit to instruct. Of course, nature's laws for gaining health cannot be followed, if they were, we could not ride in stuffy street-cars; nor go to school in illy-ventilated for philanthropy; if ever you wish to be of any use in the school-rooms; nor go to stuffy churches and theatres; nor world, do something for little children. If ever you yearn to be truly wise, study children. have refreshments at parties, nor eat rich candies; nor "We can dress the sore, bandage the wound, imprison drink alcoholic liquors, nor drug ourselves with nicotine and the criminal, heal the sick, and bury the dead, but there is caffeine; nor eat riotously of meats; nor read One print by always a chance that we can save the child. glaring light: nor overheat our homes; nor sleet) in unven¬ "If the great army of philanthropists ever exterminate tilated bedrooms; nor stimulate appetite with spices and sin and pestilence, ever work out our race's salvation it salads arid gorge at table; nor could we build unsanitary will be because a little child has led them."—David Starr school houses; nor could we have cess-pools; nor could we Jordan. drink polluted water; nor could we have house flies. It The most important event in the life of any child is the seems we just must have all of these conditions and things. beginning of his existence. It.is meet then that proper Anyhow we do have them and cling to them. To suggest record should be made of this. How about your baby? that they are contrary to nature's laws' of health is to lu the near future a certified copy of the official record declare oneself a crank. of your birth will be a legal requirement for proof of age, Well, what is the future of our eight little school maids to establish your right to inherit proi>erty, etc. How about who should have walked in the open air and sunshine to yours? school, wearing broad Hat-heeled shoes, and without stays; The most crude interpretation of common humanity de­ who should have eaten plain, well-cooked foods, sans salads, mands that we protect helpless infants, Perhaps the sans chocolate creams. sans ice cream sodas? strongest instinct in the lower animals is the protection of One in the eight will die early of consumption, two will I heir helpless young. Are you giving your baby a square die early of some one of the several diseases which follow deal? Start right by having your physician make out a malnutrition, the others will stumble along all their lives proper birth certificate and file with the Health Depart­ with headaches, rheumatism, biliousness, fugitive and ill- ment, as is required by law, denned pains, liver and kidney troubles, coated tongues, ami Don't fail to insist that your births, deaths and infectious- bad breaths. Sallow complexions have already arrived, hair contagious diseases be reported to the Health Officers. This is to your interest as well as to your neighbor's interests. will soon begin to thin out, and two hundred or three hun­ If legal complications should occur you would be hurt in dred cents worth of corpse hair will be bought to make up court without a legal record. the loss. Eyes will become duller and glasses will be pur­ An official birth record is the best proof of legitimacy, of chased. Wrinkles and dry skin will appear and drug store descent, of right to inherit, of age for schooling, for work, dupes will be bought and applied. Electric baths, cold baths, for voting, for marriage and of citizenship. steam baths, massage, will all be tried: but the decadence Dr. C. A. ZINN, was well started in youth and will not stop. Last scene of Clinton County Health Commissioner, all—a rag, a bone and a hank of hair. MONTHLY BULLETIN, INDIANA STATE HOARD OF HEALTH.

CHART SHOWING GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS FROM CERTAIN COMMUNICABLE DISEASES FOR JANUARY, 1914.

NORTHERN SANITARY SECTION. Total population ...... 972,129 Total deaths 1,04a Death rate per 1,000 12.6 Pulmonary Tuberculosis, rate per 100,000,...... 84.7 Typhoid, rate per 100,000...... 20.5 Diphtheria, rate per 100,000 10.9 Scarlet fever rate per 100,000 8,4 Diarrheal diseases, rate per ! 00^000 . ... 25.4

CENTRAL SANITARY SECTION.

Total population ., . . , Total deaths.'...... '...... Death rate per 3,000 Pulmonary Tuberculosis, rate per 100,000 Typhoid, rate per 100,000 Diphtheria, rate per 100,000 Scarlet fever, rate per 100,000 Diarrheal diseases, rate per 100,000

SOUTHERN SANITARY SECTION1. Total Population...... Total deaths...... Death rate per 1,000 Pulmonary Tuberculosis, rate per 100,000. Typhoid, ratepe r 100,000 ...... Diphtheria, rate pr 100,000......

Scarlet few, rate per 100?000...... Diarrheal diseases, rate per 100,000.

INDIANA, TABLE I. Deaths In Indiana by Counties During the Month of January, 1914- (Stillbirths excluded.)

Annual Death Rate Per 1,000 Population. Important Ages. Deaths from Important Causes.

Popu­ lation, STATE AND Estimated- COUNTIES. 1914 (under 2 years) , Deaths of Non-Residents.. . December , 1913 . Date . th e Yea r 191 4 t o Date. Yea r 1913 to Same Date . January , 1913 . Sam e Date . January , 1914 . Pneumoni a Rat e fo r Yea 191 4 t o Rate fo r Yea 1913 to Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r Tota l Death s Reporte d for Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r Tota l Death s Reporte d for Tota l Death s Reporte d for 1 to 4 Inclusive . Unde r 1 Year . 1 5 to 19 Inclusive . Typhoi d Fever , 1 0 t o 14 Inclusive . January, 1914. December, 1913 January , 1913. Pulmonar y Tuberculosis- Othe r Form s o f Tu - Diphtheri a and Croup. Scarle t Fever . Measles , Whoopin g Cough. Loba r an d Broncho - Diarrhea and Enteritis Cerebro-Spinal Fever. Acute Anterior polio-myelitis. Influenza Puerperal Septicemia. cancer External causes Smallpox. Deaths in Institutions 65 Year s and Over , 5 to 9 Inclusive. State of Indiana, -. northern Counties, Adam... Allen... Benton,...... Blackford...... -- Carroll...... -- Cass.,.,...... Dekalb, Elkhart Fulton Grant...... Howard.. ,r —. Huntington Jasper. Jay... < • Kosciusko Lagrange - Lake...... Laporte ., —.. Marshall , Miami Newton Noble.,...... Porter., Pulaski...... Starke...... —. Steuben...... St Joseph Wabash...... Wells. White...... Whitley. ••...-• Central Counties Bartholomew.... Boone,...... Brown...... Clay...... Clinton Decatur...... Delaware Fayette ...... Fountain...... Franklin...... Hamilton Hancock Hendricks Henry Johnson...... Madison...... Marion Monroe. Montgomery..... Morgan...... Owen...... Parke.. Putnam Randolph...... Rush Shelby...... Tippecanoe Tipton...... Union...... Vermillion...... Vigo Warren Wayne...... Southern Counties . Clark Crawford... Daviess ..... Dearborn.. Dubois Floyd...... Gibson.,...,.. ,. Greene...,,..,., Harrison...... Jackson , Jefferson Jennings...... , Knox...... Lawrence...... Martin...... Ohio...... Orange...... Perry Pike.... Posey...... Ripley...... Scott,...... Spencer...... Sullivan...... Switzerland Vanderburgh..... Warrick...... Washington...... Urban...... Rural TABLE 2. Deaths In Indiana by Cities During the Month of January, 1914. (Stillbirths excluded,)

Annual Death Rate Per 1.000 Population. Important Ages. Deaths from Important Causes.

Popu­ lation, CITIES. Esti­ mated, 1914. Date . Pneumonia . myelitis , iti s (unde r 2 years) , Sam e Date , December , 1913 . Yea r 191 3 t o sam e Date . losis . th e Yea r 191 4 t o Date . January , 1913 . January , 1914 . Rat e fo r Yea 1913 t o External Causes. Smallpox Deaths in Institutions. Whoopin g Cough . December , 1913 . Loba r an d Broncho - Influenza . Death s o f Non-Resident Unde r 1 Year . Pulmonar y Tubercu ­ Diphtheri a an d Croup . Puerpera l Septicemia . Cancer . 1 0 t o 4 Inclusive . Diarrhoe a an d Enter ­ Acut e Anterio r Polio ­ 1 5 t o 9 Inclusive . Othe r Form s o f Tuberculosis Measles . cerebrospina l Fever . 1 to 4 Inclusive . Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r 5 t o 9 Inclusive . Typhoi d Fever . Scarle t Fever . Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r January , 1913 . 6 5 Year s an d Over . Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r January , 1914 . rat e for Yea r 191 4 t o Cities of the First Class. Population 100,000 and over. Indianapolis..... Cities of the Second Class. Population 45,000 to 100,000. Evansville.. . Fort Wayne. Terre Haute. . South Bend Cities of the Third Class. Population 20,000 to 45,000.. Gary Muncie ...... Richmond,,.,. . Hammond Anderson East Chicago. . . . Lafayette New Albany. Elkhart...... Michigan City.,. Cities of the Fourth Class, Population 10,00019 20,000. Marion,., -. Logansport Kokomo.....,.., Vincennes Mishawaka Peru,., Laporte,. — ,.. Elwood Huntington Jeffersonville Shelbyville Crawfordsville. . . New Castle Cities of the Fifth Class, Population under 10,000 .... Brazil Bloomington Bedford,., Frankfort Columbus...... Goshen Wabash...... , Connersville. Washington Whiting.. Clinton...... Valparaiso Madison Linton Princeton Hartford City.... Seymour, Lebanon Mt.Vernon Greensburg Kendallville.... Portland, Noblesville .. .. Bluffton t Alexandria . . .. Rushville Martinsville. . . Franklin Aurora...... - Decatur Warsaw Greenfield. . . . winchester,. . Sullivan Garrett— Boonville Tipton Auburn Mitchell Lawrencebuirg: ... Plymouth Greencastle Columbia City.. . Tell City Attica Rochester Union City. . . . Jasonville Gas City Dunkirk North Vernon . . Bicknell. Montpelier...... Angola Rockport.. .,. . Crwm Point . . . Huntingburg ... Rensselaer Loogootee Batesville Monticello Ligonier Delphi. Cannelton Covington Butler City Veedersburg:. . .. Rising Sun. . Vevay Mortality of Indiana for January, 1914. (Stillbirths excluded.)

Annual Death Rate Per 1,000 Important Ages. Population.

POPULATION BY Urate 1. I to 4. 5 to 9. I 10 to 14. I 15 to 19. 65 and Over. Geographical Population SECTIONS AND Estimated AS URBAN AND 1914. RURAL. 1913 . 191 4 to Date . ber , 1913 . 191 3 to Sam e Date . Date , Sam e Date . Pe r Cent . Pe r Cent . Number . Number . Number . Per Cent. Pe r Cent , Number . Pe r Cent , Tota l Death s Reporte d for Decem ­ Number . Tota l Death s Reporte d fo r January , Rate for Year 1914 to Per Cent. Number . Tota l Death s Reporte d for January , Tota l Death s Reporte d for Yea r December , 1913 . Rat e fo r Year 191 3 t o January, 1914. Tota l Death s Reporte d for Yea r State...... Northern Counties.. Central counties.. _ Southern Counties.. All Cities...... Over 100,000...... 45,000 to 100,000... 20,000 to 45,000.... 10,000 to 30.000... . Under 10.000...... Country...... —

Deaths and Annual Death Rates Per 100,000 Population from Important Catties.

Lobar Diarrhoea Acute Pulmonary Other Diph­ Whoop­ and and Cerebro­ Puer­ Anterior Influ­ peral Cancer. External Small­ Tuberculosis- Forms Typhoid theria Scarlet Measles. ing Broncho- Enteritis spinal Polio­ OttlOfflS, Tuber­ Fever. and Fever. Cough. Pueumonia(Unde r Fever enza. Septi­ Causes. pox. culosis Croup. monia. 2 Years.) myelitis. cemia, Deat h Rate . Number . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate . Number . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate . Number . Number . Number . Number . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate . Number . Deat h Rate , Number . Number . Deat h Fate . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate . Deat h Rate , Number , Number . Deat h Rate . Number . Number . Number . Number . Number . Stall...... Northern Counties Central Counties.,,. Southern Counties..

Over 100,000....,.* 0,000 to 100.000... 30,000 to 45,000.... 10,000 to 10,000.... Under WOO...... Country......

U. S, Department of Agriculture, Weather Bureau. Condensed Summary for Month of January, 1914, V. H. CHURCH, SECTION DIRECTOR, INDIANAPOLIS, IND,

TEMPERATURE IN DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.

Extremes. Departure Section from the average. normal. Station. | Highest, Date. Station. j Lowest. ; Date.

Rome. Hammond.

PRECIPITATION - IN INCHES AND HUNDREDTHS.

Extremes. Departure Section from the average normal. Greatest Least Station. monthly Station, monthly amount. amount.

Salamonia, Collegeville.