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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,544,513 B2 Mensah (45) Date of Patent: *Apr

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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,544,513 B2 Mensah (45) Date of Patent: *Apr USOO6544513B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,544,513 B2 Mensah (45) Date of Patent: *Apr. 8, 2003 (54) METHOD OF CONTROLLING MOTH AND FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS OTHER INSECT PESTS CA 1185172 4/1985 (75) Inventor: Robert Kofi Mensah, Orange (AU) DE 4.005628 7/1980 (73) Assignee: The State of New South Wales C/- EP O462347 12/1991 NSW Department of Agriculture (AU) EP O563963 10/1993 JP 52O82728 7/1977 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this JP 520992.17 8/1977 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 JP 54132237 10/1979 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. JP 59 128317 7/1984 SU 745944 7/1980 This patent is Subject to a terminal dis WO 91/19417 12/1991 claimer. OTHER PUBLICATIONS (21) Appl. No.: 09/782,074 (22) Filed: Feb. 12, 2001 Smith et al., Queensland Journal of Agricultural and Animal Sciences, 45(2):169-177, Dec. 1988. (65) Prior Publication Data Pristavko et al., Entomol. Rev., Oct./Dec. 1974 (transl. US 2001/0024646 A1 Sep. 27, 2001 1975) 53(4):28-34. Related U.S. Application Data Gillott, Entomology, 1995, Plenum Press, pp. 691-702, (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/448,798, filed on 723-730 & 739. Nov. 24, 1999, now Pat. No. 6,274,137, which is a continu ation of application No. 08/809,522, filed as application No. PCT/AU95/00633 on Sep. 26, 1995, now abandoned. Primary Examiner Irene Marx (30) Foreign Application Priority Data (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Ostrolenk, Faber, Gerb & Soffen, LLP Sep. 26, 1994 (AU) ............................................. PM8407 (57) ABSTRACT (51) Int. Cl. ................................................ A01N 63/00 (52) U.S. Cl. .................... 424/93.51; 424/115; 424/405; A method of controlling various insect pests on a plant is 504/117 disclosed which consists of attracting, augmenting or con (58) Field of Search .............................. 424/93.51, 115, Serving natural enemies of the insect pests in order to 424/405; 504/117 produce a population of the natural enemies Sufficient to (56) References Cited control the insect pest by applying to the plant an effective amount of a brewer's yeast, S. cerevisiae YESTA 20B (a U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS dried debittered brewer's yeast). 4,598.862 A 7/1986 Rice .............................. 239/8 4,599,362 A 7/1986 Nakatani et al. ............ 514/721 7 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets U.S. Patent Apr. 8, 2003 Sheet 1 of 7 US 6,544,513 B2 2O 3 CONTROL i? 100 5 BO -D-O-G GROWERS PLOT O Z - SO T4 H 40 re 5 LU 2 2O 46-22-5-3Y ti -622 > O easet ev O to 2 30 it 18 21 28 5 12 18 25 4. DeC Jan Feb Mar DATES OF ASSESSMENTS F.G. 1d 30 (D GROWERS PLOT S2 25 O O 2O Z - s 9 CONTROL 10 T2 > s T 4 O 5 T & T2 > D O O is at a 19 27 2 10 16 23 ° 9 Jan. Feb. Mar. DeC. DATES OF ASSESSMENTS F.G. lb U.S. Patent Apr. 8, 2003 Sheet 2 of 7 US 6,544,513 B2 Harmonia arcuata (Ladybird) Harmonia arcuata O.OO 0.008 OOO8 in O.OOS 0.004 n OOO OOO 24.6 3. O.OO2 0.000 0.000 O 2O 50 OO 200 400 O O 20 5O 100 200 400 Z Diomus notescens (Ladybird) 0.02 Diomus notescens O.012 O.OO OOO8 O.O. OOO6 0.004 OOO2 OOO OOOO O 20 50 100 200 400 O 2O 50 OO 200 400 Coccinella repanda (Ladybird) O.O3 09 Coccinella repanda O.O2 0.01 O.O1 OOO O 20 50 100 200 400 OOO O 20 5O 1 OO 200 400 Dicranolauis bellulus (Red & blue) O.04 Dicranolauis bellulus 0.03. 0.2 0.02 O. O.O1 O 0.00 O.O Z o 20 50 100 200 400 0 20 50 100 200 400 DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD SPRAYED PLOT (0). SPRAYED PLOT (0). FG. 2d F.G. 2b U.S. Patent Apr. 8, 2003 Sheet 3 of 7 US 6,544,513 B2 Geocoris lubra (Predatory bug) 0.008 O.OO3 Geocoris lubra O. OOOO O 20 50 100 200 400 O2 o 20 50 100 200 400 Campylomma livida (ADB) Campylomma livida (ADB) OO2 0.2 O. OO O.O O 20 50 OO 200 400 O 20 50 1 00 200 400 C ermatulus nasalis (Predatory bug) O23 o 20 50 100 200 400 Nabis capsiformis (Damsel bug) L Nabis capsiformis 0.04 & 0.08 0.06 O.03 ( ? O.02 u 0.04 l O.O. 3. O.O2 V 0.00 0092 so po 200 400 9 o 20 50 00 200 400 DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD SPRAYED PLOT (0). SPRAYED PLOT (0). FIG 3d FIG. 3b U.S. Patent Apr. 8, 2003 Sheet 4 of 7 US 6,544,513 B2 A L gChrysopa spp. (Green lacewings) - Chrysopa spp. QL 0.08 y 0.005 H N is 0.06 is 0.0030.004 0.04 L al 0.002 &3. O.O2 3.a 0.001 OZ 0.00 O 20 50 1 00 200 400 O< 0.000 O 20 50 00 200 400 Z s Micromus tasmaniae (Brown lacewing) 9 O.005 LL 0.004 ? 0.003 - O.OO2 S 0.001 N OZ 0.000 O 20 5O 1 OO 200 400 al- Spiders gz 0.3 Spiders st 0.10 N Q 0.08 Lk O2 0.06 O V. O.04 A.3. O.1 3. 0.02 NM) v) O.O OSC, O.OO O 20 50 100 200 400 9 O 20 50 1 00 200 400 Z DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD SPRAYED PLOT (o). SPRAYED PLOT (O). FIG. 4d FG. 4b U.S. Patent Apr. 8, 2003 Sheet 5 of 7 US 6,544,513 B2 Pterocormus promissorius (Parasite) O.005 L, 0.004 R is 0.003 0.002 OOO N O7 0.000 O 20 50 1 00 200 400 DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD SPRAYED PLOT (0). F.G. 5d. Heteropelma scaposum (Parasite) OOO3 O.OO2 OOO1 O.OOO O 20 50 100 200 400 DISTANCE (m) AWAY FROM FOOD SPRAYED PLOT (0). FIG. 5b U.S. Patent Apr. 8, 2003 Sheet 6 of 7 US 6,544,513 B2 A Eggs + Sugar solution 8 -o- Eggs alone OT. Eggs + Envirofeast A O- Eggs + Envirofeast B 6 4. 2 O DAYS AFTER TREATMENT F.G. 6d >- KC Q ?hg 30 O 25 (v) Z O 20 O 3 15 CD "I lo <C 5 5 H o s O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 s DAYS AFTER TREATMENT 3 F.G. 6b -A - Eggs + Sugar solution -o- Eggs alone O Eggs + Envirofeast A O - Eggs + Envirofeast B U.S. Patent Apr. 8, 2003 Sheet 7 of 7 US 6,544,513 B2 -8- Very small + Small larvae/m -H - Medium + Large larvae/m -o- Predator/prey ratio DATES OF ASSESSMENTS F.G. 7d. -S- Very small + Small larvae/m o Q)~, p=CD ON(n–ino ininininlae) DATES OF ASSESSMENTS FIG. 7b US 6,544,513 B2 1 2 METHOD OF CONTROLLING MOTH AND Presently with our monoculture practices in agriculture OTHER INSECT PESTS and the use of pesticides we are inadvertently discriminating against beneficial insects. Many areas where crops are CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED grown especially cotton growing areas are remote from Wild APPLICATIONS vegetation. They are often treeleSS, bushless, reckleSS and This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. often lay fallow most part of the year. With no natural 09/448,798, filed Nov. 24, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,274, refuges, no food Sources for adult natural enemies of phy 137, issued Aug. 14, 2001, which is a continuation of tophagous insects, beneficial insects are made ineffective. application Ser. No. 08/809,522, filed Mar. 26, 1997, which There is therefore lack of diversity and instability in the is a national Stage application of PCT International Appli 1O agroecosystem. cation No. PCT/AU95/00633, filed Sep. 26, 1995, claiming BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION priority of Australian Application No. PM 8407, filed Sep. The present invention relates to a method of controlling 26, 1994. an insect pest Selected from the group consisting of cotton BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION bollworm, native budworm, plaque thrips, cotton bud thrips, 15 predatory thrips, onion thrips, Earias huegeli (Rough 1. Field of the Invention bollworm), Crocidosema plebeiana (Cotton tipworm), Pec This invention relates to the use of yeast for the control of tinophora Scutigera (Pink bollworm), Anomis flava (Cotton moth of other insect pests and for attracting and conserving looper), LOxOStege afinitalis (Cotton web-spinner), Agrotis predatory insects of the pests. In particular, the present infusa (Bogong moth), Spodoptera litura (Cluster invention relates to the use of yeast for the control of cotton caterpillar), ChrySSOdeixis argentifera (Tobacco looper), bollworm and native budworm. Tetranychus urticae (Two spotted mites), Aphis gossypii 2. Description of the Related Art (Cotton aphid), Myzus persicae (Green peach aphid), Cre Cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) and Ontiades dilutus (Green mirid) and Campylomma livida native bud worm (Helicoverpa punctigera Wallengren) are 25 (Apple dimpling bug) on a plant, which comprises the major pests of cotton. Both insects are polyphagous and attracting, augmenting or conserving natural enemies of the they feed preferentially on young growing tips or reproduc insect pest in order to produce a population of the natural tive Structures.
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