CI-18/COUNCIL-31/6/REV 2

2018 DG Report on the Safety of and the Danger of Impunity

INTRODUCTION

This report is submitted to the Intergovernmental Council of the International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC) in line with the Decision on the Safety of Journalists and the issue of Impunity adopted by the Council at its 26th session on 27 March 2008, and renewed at subsequent sessions in 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016. In its latest Decision, adopted in November 2016, the IPDC Council urged Member States to “continue to inform the Director-General of UNESCO, on a voluntary basis, on the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by the Director-General”. The present report provides an analysis of the cases of killings of journalists and associated media personnel that were condemned by the Director-General in 2016 and 2017. It also takes stock of the status of judicial enquiries conducted on each of the killings recorded by UNESCO between 2006 and 2017, based on information provided by Member States.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Executive Summary 2 2. Background and Context 2 3. Journalists’ killings in 2016 and 2017: key findings 7 3.1 Most dangerous regions 8 3.2 Rise in number of women journalists among fatalities 9 3.3 Highest number of killings among TV journalists 11 3.4 Majority of victims are local journalists 11 3.5 Freelance and staff journalists 12 3.6 More killings occurring in countries with no armed conflict 12 4. Member States’ responses: status of the judicial enquiries on cases of journalists killed from 2006 to end 2017 13 4.1 Decrease in Member State response rate to Director-General’s request 18 4.2 Slight reduction in impunity rate, but 89% of cases remain unresolved 19 4.3 Member States reporting on measures to promote safety of journalists and to combat impunity 22 5. Conclusion 24

Annexes

Annex A: Methodology for the analysis of Member States’ responses on the status of judicial investigations

Annex B: Status of judicial enquiries of journalists killed in 2006-2017

Annex C: List of killings of journalists condemned by the Director-General in 2016 and 2017

Annex D: Regional groupings

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1. Executive Summary

This report provides an overview of data collected by UNESCO on killings of journalists that took place between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017. In addition, the report analyzes the status of judicial enquiries of the killings recorded by UNESCO since 2006, based on information made available to UNESCO by Member States.

In 2016-2017, UNESCO recorded the killings of 182 journalists, which marks a slight decrease in the number of fatalities compared to the previous two-year period. However, compared to earlier periods, such as 2007-2011, numbers remain elevated. In 2017, the largest number of killings took place in the and the Pacific region (34% of all killings), while in 2016, the largest number of killings occurred in the Arab States (31%). A rise in the percentage of women journalists among those killed in 2017 marks the continuation of a trend that has become apparent over the last years. However, while the proportion of women among fatalities has risen, the majority of killed journalists are men.

An increase in the number of journalists killed outside of armed conflict zones can be noted in the last few years, with a majority of journalists (55%) in 2017 killed in countries not experiencing armed conflict. Many of these journalists were reporting on topics related to corruption, trafficking, and political wrongdoing. In line with observations of previous years, local journalists remain the vast majority among victims.

Even though a slightly higher proportion of cases has been reported as being resolved (11% of cases, compared to 8% of cases in 2016), legal impunity for perpetrators is still the norm for most killings of journalists. A regression in the response rate of Member States to the Director-General’s request for information on the judicial follow-up to killings of journalists is a worrisome development. However, even though the Member States’ response rate dropped by 10 percentage points (from 74% in 2017 to 64% in 2018), 15 Member States followed the Director-General’s invitation to provide information on positive measures taken to address the safety of journalists and impunity.

2. Background and Context

UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity

UNESCO has continued to play a leading role in coordinating the implementation of the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity (hereafter referred to as UN Plan of Action), which was endorsed in 2012 by the UN Chief Executives Board.1

1 The UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity can be accessed in all official UN languages here.

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The Plan is designed as a multi-stakeholder effort to coordinate responses aimed at the prevention of, protection against, and prosecution for attacks against journalists. Its implementing actors include UN agencies, national governmental authorities, regional organizations, human rights bodies, UN country teams, media actors, national and international NGOs, and academia. The implementation of the Plan revolves around six main pillars: standard setting and policy making, awareness-raising, monitoring and reporting, capacity building, academic research and coalition building.

UNESCO gathers information on current developments, research and events associated with the UN Plan of Action in a bimonthly newsletter. In recent years, achievements in the implementation of the UN Plan have included:  The UN Plan of Action is being implemented by UN Country Teams (UNCTs) or by civil society organization (CSO) coalitions in more than 30 countries;  At least 12 countries have created or strengthened national, multi-stakeholder mechanisms for the safety of journalists, while the African Union (AU) announced in 2018 the creation of a working group dedicated to this issue whose role will include promoting the setting up of national mechanisms on the safety of journalists in selected AU countries;

Member States are increasingly aware of critical issues related to the safety of journalists, in large part due to the increased scale and promotion of dedicated international days such as (3 May) and the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists (2 November).2

Multi-stakeholder Consultation on Strengthening the Implementation of the UN Plan of Action

In 2017, UNESCO, together with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, organized a multi-stakeholder consultation to review ways of strengthening the implementation of the UN Plan of Action. This consultation process, which included an online component, culminated in a conference in Geneva, Switzerland, attended by some 250 representatives of UN agencies, Member States, regional intergovernmental organizations, civil society, media, internet intermediaries and academia.

The Outcome Document from this consultation, which is also referenced in the 2018 Human Rights Council Resolution on the Safety of Journalists (A/HRC/39/L.73), highlights the need to translate international norms into national policies and practices. It also signals the need to create stronger synergies between the relevant UN agencies; to strengthen mechanisms at the national level that deal with prevention of, protection against and prosecution for crimes against journalists; and to address specific risks faced by women journalists, including online.4

It also encourages Member States to report “on the safety of journalists, including within the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), UN human rights bodies and

2 Bi-monthly Newsletter on the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity, https://en.unesco.org/un-plan-action-safety-journalists/newsletter. 3 http://undocs.org/A/HRC/39/L.7 4 Consultation Outcome Document, 16 August 2017.

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UNESCO’s monitoring of judicial follow-up to killings”, and invites those Member States who respond to the Director-General’s request on judicial follow-up to killings of journalists to make their responses publically available.

Network of Focal Points on the Safety of Journalists in the UN system

One of the specific recommendations made to the UN in the Outcome Document of the multi- stakeholder consultation was the formalization and enhancement of a network of focal points in relevant UN agencies, funds and programmes to exchange information and coordinate actions promoting the safety of journalists and addressing impunity.

In November 2017, UN Secretary-General António Guterres addressed a request to appoint focal points on the safety of journalists to 14 relevant UN agencies.5 Under the lead of UNESCO and OHCHR, and in close consultation with the Executive Office of the Secretary- General, the enhanced Network of Focal Points has been operational since January 2018. Since then, Terms of Reference for the network have been drafted, and regular meetings have been held. The network has coordinated actions in a number of cases, elaborated a Work Plan, and discussed procedures for dealing with individual cases of attacks against journalists brought to the attention of the UN Secretary-General.

Another development has been the appointment by the UN Secretary-General of Under- Secretary-General Ana Maria Menéndez as designated official for the safety of journalists. By appointing a senior official for the safety of journalists in the Secretary-General’s executive office, the SG further underlined his commitment to enhancing the UN response to improving safety of journalists.

Adoption of new resolutions on the safety of journalists at UNESCO, the UN General Assembly and the UN Human Rights Council

At its 39th session in November 2017, UNESCO’s General Conference adopted 39 C/Resolution 39, which encourages Member States to “strengthen voluntary implementation of the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity”, including through capacity building and the establishment of national safety mechanisms to prevent, protect against, and prosecute attacks on journalists.6 It also invites the Director- General to reinforce actions addressing the specific threats to the safety of women journalists, both online and off-line. This Resolution followed the adoption by the UNESCO Executive Board of 201 EX/Decision 5.I.I (April 2017) and 202 EX/Decision 5.I.K (October 2017) on the safety of journalists and the issue of impunity.78

5 The UN agencies involved in the network are: UNESCO, OHCHR, UN/DPKO, DPA, DPI, UN/DOCO, OCHA, UNODC, UNDP, UNHCR, UN Women, ILO, WHO, WFP. 6 UNESCO General Conference, 39 C/Resolution 39, adopted November 2017: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0026/002608/260889e.pdf 7 UNESCO Executive Board Decision 201 EX/Decision 5.I.I, adopted April 2017: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002489/248900e.pdf 8 UNESCO Executive Board Decision 202 EX/50, adopted October 2017: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0025/002598/259824e.pdf

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In December 2017, the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution A/RES/72/175, which calls upon States to implement more effectively the applicable legal framework for the protection of journalists and media workers in order to combat impunity. It also recognizes the decision of the Secretary-General to mobilize a network of focal points throughout the United Nations system.9

At the 39th session of the Human Rights Council, Member States adopted a Resolution that calls on States to develop and implement mechanisms aimed at preventing violence against journalists.10 The Resolution welcomes the establishment of the network of focal points throughout the United Nations system as well as the appointment of a designated official on the safety of journalists at the UN Secretary-General’s Executive Office. Furthermore, the Resolution expresses alarm at instances of public officials, political leaders and authorities intimidating or threatening the media, including individual journalists. The Human Rights Council, through this Resolution, calls upon States to “integrate the safety of journalists and media freedom into national development frameworks under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ”, and invites States to share information on a voluntary basis on the status of investigations into attacks and violence against journalists, including in response to requests to UNESCO through the mechanism operated by the IPDC.

During the 39th session of the Human Rights Council, the High Commissioner for Human Rights also presented a report that provides an overview of existing mechanisms concerned with ensuring the safety of journalists.11 The High Commissioner highlights in this report that there have been notable and significant achievements in addressing the issue of the safety of journalists at international, regional and national levels, through a range of prevention, protection, monitoring and complaint mechanisms. The report notes however that attacks on journalists are increasing, which raises legitimate questions about the effectiveness of those mechanisms. According to the High Commissioner, the mechanisms could carry out an assessment of their effectiveness and impact, and involve multiple stakeholders in this process.

Increased international attention to the issue of safety of women journalists

In Resolution 70/162 (2015), the UN General Assembly acknowledged the “specific risks faced by women journalists in the exercise of their work and the importance of taking a gender- sensitive approach when considering measures to address the safety of journalists.” The UN Secretary-General’s annual report to the General Assembly on the safety of journalists focused in 2017 on the safety of women journalists and stressed that “there is wide scope for much more to be done” in this area.

In November 2017, UNESCO’s General Conference, in its 39 C/Resolution 39, “invited the Director-General to reinforce activities aimed at (…) addressing the specific threats to the safety of women journalists, both online and off-line.”

9 UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/72/175, adopted December 2017: https://undocs.org/A/RES/72/175 10 See https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=23652&LangID=E 11 “Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights,” presented at the 39th session of the Human Rights Council, http://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/39/23.

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The review theme of the 62nd session of the UN Women's Commission on the Status of Women, held in New York in March 2018, was on women’s participation in and access to the media and ICTs. Within this framework, UNESCO organized a panel session on the range of threats encountered by women journalists.

Groups of Friends of the Safety of Journalists

In the last two years, informal “Groups of Friends” for the safety of journalists have been established by Member States’ permanent delegations at UNESCO headquarters in , at the UN headquarters in New York and Geneva, and most recently at the OSCE in Vienna. In December 2017, the Group of Friends at UNESCO organized together with the Secretariat a workshop on national initiatives on the safety of journalists, which was attended by some 150 representatives of Member States and enabled the exchange of good practices in this area.

Inclusion of indicator on safety of journalists within the SDG framework (Indicator 16.10. 1.)

UNESCO’s monitoring and reporting role has been reinforced by the UN Statistical Commission designating the Organization as a contributing agency for indicator 16.10.1 of the SDGs, for the part related to the safety of journalists, and custodian agency for indicator 16.10.2, on public access to information. Indicator 16.10.1 covers the number of verified cases of killing, kidnapping, enforced disappearance, arbitrary detention and torture of journalists, associated media personnel, trade unionists and human rights advocates. The High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development in 2019 will review, among four other goals, SDG 16 on peaceful, just and inclusive societies, and Member States will have the opportunity to report on successes and progress achieved at national level.

IPDC and the safety of journalists

The IPDC’s Monitoring and Reporting Mechanism on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity has continued to evolve. Following the IPDC Council Decission on the safety of journalists in 2016, the report was expanded in 2018 to include good practices in this field as well as a greater focus on the specific threats faced by women journalists. A template was developed to guide Member States in their data collection efforts.

Moreover, the Programme is working with governments to support national initiatives aimed at building the capacity of duty bearers to monitor and report on crimes against journalists and on their judicial follow-up in , , , the East African region, and Latin America.

Since 2016, assessments based on UNESCO’s Journalists Safety Indicators (JSIs) have been published in Kenya and . The JSIs allow for a mapping of the key features that indicate the extent to which journalists are able or not to carry out their work under safe conditions. The IPDC is also supporting a subregional assessment covering Somalia, and Kenya.

Complementary to the monitoring and reporting mechanisms, 90 projects related to the safety of journalists have been supported by the Programme since 2008 in 35 countries.

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Engagement of civil society and academia under the UN Plan of Action

The UN Plan of Action has also catalyzed new initiatives to coordinate work in the fields of civil society and academia. As an outcome of the UNESCO-organized World Press Freedom Day celebration in Helsinki (3 May 2016), a research network on the safety of journalists has been set up and has been playing an active role in coordinating and strengthening research in this field. The Safety Research Network (JSRN) is hosted at the University of Sheffield’s Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM).

In March 2017, Free Press Unlimited, ARTICLE 19 and International Media Support launched a coalition on the safety of journalists to coordinate the efforts of CSOs in this area. Three coordination meetings have since taken place, to map the interventions of different CSOs in specific countries; to discuss emergency assistance; and to exchange on civil society’s role in advancing the implementation of the UN Plan of Action.

3. Journalists’ killings in 2016 and 2017: key findings The following section of the report presents an analysis of the killings of journalists condemned by UNESCO’s Director-General in 2016 and 2017. In line with IPDC Decision on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity adopted at the last IPDC Council session in 2016, the analysis covers “journalists, media workers and producers who are engaged in journalistic activities and who are killed in their line of duty”.

In 2016 and 2017, UNESCO recorded 182 killings of journalists worldwide. In 2016, 102 killings were recorded, while 2017 showed a decrease with the number of fatalities falling to 80, the lowest number since 2011. Overall, the number of killings in 2016-2017 is lower than that in the previous two-year period, when 213 killings were recorded. However, this trend does not appear to be confirmed in 2018, with 80 killings already condemned by the Director- General of UNESCO as of 09 October 2018.

Figure 1: Number of killed journalists worldwide 2006-2017 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

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3.1 Most dangerous regions

Figure 2: Number of journalists Figure 3: Number of journalists killed by region in 2016 killed by region in 2017 Western Western Europe & Europe & Africa North America, 6% North 7% America Africa, 6% 7% Arab States LAC, 22% 27% LAC 28% Arab States, Central & Central 31% Eastern & Europe Asia & Eastern Asia & 3% Pacific Europe, Pacific, 34% 2% 27%

In 2017, the largest number of fatal attacks (27 killings) took place in the Asia and the Pacific region, representing 34% of the total, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean with 28% of killings (22 killings). In the Arab States region, UNESCO documented 18 killings, representing 22% of killings of journalists registered worldwide.

In 2016, the same three regions recorded the highest numbers of killings; however, the highest number of fatalities, namely 31% of the cases documented by UNESCO, was recorded in the Arab States (32 killings). The second deadliest region in 2016 was Latin America and the Caribbean with 27% of the total (28 killings) followed by the Asia and the Pacific region with 27 killings.

In both years, less than 10% of overall killings took place in Africa, Western Europe and North America, and Central and , respectively.

In 2016 and 2017, the two countries with the highest number of fatalities were Afghanistan and Mexico. In 2017, 13 journalists were killed in Mexico and 11 lost their lives in Afghanistan, while in 2016, both countries each suffered the loss of 13 journalists.

In both years, Iraq and the Syrian Arab Republic were among the five countries with the highest number of killings. The conflict in led to a high number of fatalities among journalists − 11 in 2016 and 3 in 2017, many of whom died while covering hostilities.

The countries where killings occurred in 2017 were: Mexico (13), Afghanistan (11), Iraq (8), the Syrian Arab Republic (7), (5), Pakistan (4), the Philippines (4), Honduras (3), Somalia (3), (3), Yemen (3), the Dominican Republic (2), Nigeria (2), the Russian Federation (2), Bangladesh (1), Brazil (1), Colombia (1), Denmark (1), Guatemala (1), the Maldives (1), Malta (1), (1), Peru (1), and South Sudan (1).

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In 2016, killings occurred in: Afghanistan (13), Mexico (13), Yemen (11), Iraq (9), the Syrian Arab Republic (8), Guatemala (7), Brazil (5), India (5), Pakistan (4), Libya (3), Somalia (3), Turkey (3), Bangladesh (2), Finland (2), the Philippines (2), Burkina Faso (1), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1), El Salvador (1), Guinea (1), Honduras (1), Jordan (1), Myanmar (1), Peru (1), Serbia (1), South Sudan (1), (1), and the of America (1).

3.2 Rise in number of women journalists among fatalities

Men continue to represent an overwhelming majority (86% in 2017) of victims of fatal attacks against journalists. The percentage of female journalists (14% in 2017) killed is significantly lower than women’s overall representation among journalists. This may be due to the fact that fewer women journalists are working in dangerous areas and, at least in some regions, covering sensitive topics such as political corruption or organized crime. Recent research has suggested that prevailing stereotypes can sometimes prevent women journalists from being sent on assignments in in high-risk areas, which might contribute to this gap.12

Figure 4: Percentage of men and women among journalists killed in 2017

Women 14%

Men 86%

However, a trend already noticeable in previous years, namely the rising number of women journalists among killed media personnel, has continued. In 2017, UNESCO recorded the highest number of killed women journalists (11 victims) since the IPDC started reporting on killings of journalists in 2006. In 2016, there were 10 female victims compared to five in 2012. The percentage of women among the fatalities represented 14% in 2017, compared to 10% in 2016 and 4% in 2012.

12 Elaborated in the UNESCO World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development Report, 2018, page 154.

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Figure 5: Number of killed women journalists worldwide

12 (2006 - 2017)

10

8

6

4

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0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Killings of women journalists occurred in 2016-2017 in all regions with the exception of Central and Eastern Europe. In the two-year period, two women were killed in Africa, four in the Arab Region, five in Asia and the Pacific, four in Latin America and the Caribbean, and six in Western Europe and North America. In 2016-2017, three incidents claimed the lives of multiple women journalists. An attack on the Afghan Television Channel Tolo News in Kabul in January 2016 killed seven media workers, among them three women. In September 2017, two Syrian journalists, a mother and daughter, were killed in their apartment in Istanbul. In December 2016, two Finnish women journalists, together with a local politician, were shot and killed by a lone gunman. In this case, the judicial process revealed that the victims had been chosen arbitrarily.

Apart from killings, women journalists are also affected by gender-specific safety risks such as , sexual violence and threats of violence.13 Recent studies have shown that women journalists are particularly affected by online harassment.14 An analysis of the 70 million comments recorded by the Guardian between 1999 and 2016 showed that among the 10 staff journalists who received the highest level of abuse, eight were women, while the two others were black men.15

Harassment against women journalists often takes the form of personal attacks, which tend not to focus on the content of the ’s article or broadcast, but rather on the woman’s character or body parts, and in more extreme cases include threats of sexual violence.16 In a

13 For more information please see studies by the International Federation of Journalists (2017), the International Women’s Media Foundation (2018) (among others). 14 See ‘Online Harassment of Journalists’, Reporters without Borders, 2018 and ‘Countering Online Abuse of Female Journalists’, Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe”, 2016. 15 ‘The dark side of Guardian comments’, The Guardian, 2016 16 ‘Countering Online Abuse of Female Journalists’, Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe, 2016.

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report published in 2018 by Trollbusters and the International Women’s Media Foundation, a survey conducted among 597 women journalists and media workers revealed that nearly two out of three respondents stated that they had been threatened or harassed online at least once. Among them, around 40 percent said they avoided reporting certain stories as a consequence of online harassment. Fifty-eight percent of the women journalists surveyed stated that they already been threatened or harassed in person, while 26% indicated that they had been physically attacked.17

3.3 Highest number of killings among TV journalists

Figure 6: Journalists killed by Figure 7: Journalists killed by media type in 2016 media type in 2017 Crossplat form Crossplatform 19% 7% Online 13% TV Online TV 34% 6% 45%

Radio Radio 9% 23%

Print 23% Print 21%

Like in the preceding two-year period, TV journalists constituted the largest group among the victims. In 2017, almost half of the killed journalists (45%) were working in television outlets while in 2016, those working in this sector represented 34% of all victims. Among the TV journalists killed in 2016-2017, the majority were killed in countries currently experiencing conflict (55 out of 71 killed TV journalists). Nineteen TV journalists were killed in Afghanistan, 15 were killed in Iraq, six died in and eight in Yemen. TV journalists, camera operators and support staff such as drivers and technicians regularly work from the frontlines and are therefore under high risk of being killed in crossfire or being targeted directly by parties to the conflict.

3.4 Majority of victims are local journalists

A long-standing trend has been that local journalists covering local stories constitute by far the greatest number of victims. Attacks against international reporters tend to receive greater coverage in the media, but statistics show that in 2016-2017 less than one in 10 of the journalists killed was an international reporter. In 2017, local journalists represented 90% of

17 See ‘Attacks and Harassment: The Impact on Female Journalists and Their Reporting’, Trollbusters and the International Women’s Media Foundation, 2018.

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all killed journalists and in 2016, 94%. Of the 14 foreign victims in 2016-2017, half were killed in countries experiencing conflict.

3.5 Freelance and staff journalists

In 2017, 21% of all killed journalists were freelancers. In 2016, this percentage was slightly lower, of 17%. Over the two-year period, 34 out of 182 journalists killed were freelancers, accounting for 19% of all fatalities -- the same percentage as in the previous two-year period.

Compared to media staff, freelance journalists are widely considered more vulnerable since they often lack adequate protection and support from the media organization(s) they are working with. Freelance journalists frequently work alone and have more limited access to security training, insurance and equipment.

3.6 More killings occurring in countries with no armed conflict

Figure 8: Number of journalists Figure 9: Number of journalists who were killed in countries who were killed in countries currently experienceing armed currently experiencing armed conflict vs. in countries not conflict vs. in countries not currently experiencing armed currently experiencing armed conflict in 2016 conflict in 2017

Armed No Conflict Armed Armed No 45% Conflict Conflict Armed 50% 50% Conflict 55%

Since 2014, UNESCO has observed a steady increase in the proportion of killings of journalists in countries not currently experiencing armed conflict, and in 2017 for the first time in recent years, more journalists (55%) were killed in these countries than in countries experiencing armed conflict. In 2016, the proportion of journalists that were killed in countries experiencing armed conflict and in countries not experiencing armed conflict was the same (50%).18

18 This takes in into account countries covered by the 13th and 14th reports of the Secretary-General on the protection of civilians in armed conflict. The countries are: Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Libya, Myanmar, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, the Syrian Arab Republic, Ukraine, and Yemen (reports presented to the UN Security Council in May 2017 and May 2018).

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Figure 10: Percentage of journalists killed in countries currently experiencing armed conflict vs. percentage of journalists killed in countries not currently experiencing armed conflict (2006-2017)

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0% 2014 2015 2016 2017

percentage killed in non-conflict zone percentage killed in conflict zone

This trend may be explained by the absence of new armed conflicts around the world and the decrease in the number of journalists reporting from long-running conflict areas.

4. Member States’ responses: status of the judicial enquiries on cases of journalists killed from 2006 to end 2017

Every year, the Director-General of UNESCO requests from Member States information on the judicial proceedings that have been undertaken in relation to each killing of a journalist or media worker that has been registered by the Organization. At its last session in 2016, the IPDC Council urged Member States to continue “to inform the Director-General of UNESCO, on a voluntary basis, on the status of the judicial inquiries conducted on each of the killings condemned by the Director-General” (IPDC Decision on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity 2016).

In 2018, UNESCO sent a request for information to the 56 Member States in which UNESCO has recorded killings of journalists between 2006 and 2017, and for which UNESCO records

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showed no information that the judicial cases had been resolved. In 2017, 62 Member States received such a request.

The annual requests concern cases that, according to UNESCO’s records, are: - still ongoing or unresolved; - for which UNESCO has never received information; and - cases that occurred in the year previous to the request.

The requests sent out to Member States in 2018 covered 893 out of the 1,010 killings that UNESCO recorded between 2006 and 2017. The remaining cases are those that UNESCO had already categorized as “resolved” or “archived”, based on the information submitted by Member States in previous years.19

Overview of responses received from Member States to the Director-General’s request in 2017 and 20182021

Member DG Member State DG Member State States request response in 2017 request response in 2018 sent in sent in 2017 2018

Afghanistan Sent Acknowledgement Sent Response on cases of DG request received received

Angola Sent Sent

Bahrain Sent Response on Sent cases received

Bangladesh Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Brazil Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Bulgaria Sent Response on n/a cases received

Burkina Faso Sent Response on Sent cases received

19 See methodology in Annex A. 20 The letters sent out in 2017 concerned cases of killings of journalists that occurred in 2006-2016, while the 2018 letters concerned killings that took place in 2006-2017. 21 This report analyzes responses that were received at the latest on 14 September 2018.

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Burundi Sent Sent Acknowledgement of DG request received

Cambodia Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Cameroon Sent Response on n/a cases received

Central Africa Sent Sent Republic

Colombia Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Congo, Sent Sent Republic

Democratic Sent Acknowledgement Sent Republic of the of DG request Congo received

Denmark n/a Sent Response on cases received

Dominican Sent Sent Acknowledgement of DG Republic request received

Ecuador Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Egypt Sent Sent

El Salvador Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Eritrea Sent Sent

Finland Sent Response on n/a cases received

Georgia Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Greece Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

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Guatemala Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Guinea Sent Response on Sent cases received

Guyana, Sent Sent Republic of

Haiti Sent Acknowledgement Sent of DG request received

Honduras Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

India Sent Sent

Indonesia Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Iraq Sent Response on Sent Acknowledgement of DG cases received request received

Jordan Sent Response on n/a cases received

Kenya Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Kyrgyzstan Sent Sent Response on cases received

Lebanon Sent Response on n/a cases received

Libya Sent Sent

Mali Sent Sent

Malta n/a Sent Response on cases received

Mexico Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Mozambique Sent Response on Sent Acknowledgement of DG cases received request received

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Myanmar Sent Acknowledgement Sent Response on cases of DG request received received

Nepal Sent Response on Sent cases received

Nigeria Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Pakistan Sent Response on Sent Acknowledgement of DG cases received request received22

Palestine Sent Response on Sent Acknowledgement of DG cases received request received

Paraguay Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Peru Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Philippines Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Poland Sent Response on n/a cases received

Russian Sent Response on Sent Response on cases Federation cases received received

Rwanda Sent Response on n/a cases received

Serbia Sent Response on n/a cases received

Somalia Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

South Sudan Sent Sent

Sri Lanka Sent Response on Sent cases received

22 Pakistan did not submit information on specific cases of killings of journalist, but did submit detailed information on concrete measures targeted at improving safety of journalists and combatting impunity.

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Syria Sent Sent

Tanzania Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Thailand Sent Response on Sent cases received

Turkey Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

Uganda Sent Sent Response on cases received

Ukraine Sent Response on Sent Response on cases cases received received

United States Sent Response on Sent Response on cases of America cases received received

Venezuela, Sent Sent Response on cases Bolivarian Response on received Republic of cases received

Yemen Sent Sent

Total Sent / 62 46 56 36 Received

4.1 Decrease in Member State response rate to Director-General’s request

Out of the 56 Member States contacted in 2018 by UNESCO with a request to receive an update on the status of judicial enquiries on the killings of journalists, 36 provided a reply. Among these, 30 provided information on judicial procedures following killings of journalists in the country. Six Member States acknowledged receipt of the Director-General’s request and indicated that information would be sought from the capital concerned. These Member States thereby reflected a recognition of UNESCO’s reporting mechanism on the safety of journalists, but did not provide information on specific cases by the deadline for this report.2324

23 In 2018, acknowledgements were sent by Burundi, the Dominican Republic, Iraq, Mozambique, Pakistan and Palestine. In 2017, such acknowledgements were sent by Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti and Myanmar. 24 Find detailed information on UNESCO’s methodology in classifying the status of cases under Annex A.

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While in the last four years the response rate by affected Member States had been steadily increasing, from 27% in 2014 to a peak of 74% in 2017, 2018 was marked by a drop in the response rate, with only 64% of Member States providing a reply.

Figure 11: Percentage of Member States that responded to the Director-General's request (2013-2018)

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0% 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Overall, since UNESCO/IPDC’s reporting mechanism on the safety of journalists was launched in 2008, out of the 72 Member States that were contacted at least once by UNESCO on cases that occurred between 2006 and 2017, six Member States have never responded.25

The IPDC Intergovernmental Council, in its 2012 Decision on the Safety of Journalists, called on the Director-General of UNESCO to “make available on UNESCO’s website, upon request of the Member States concerned, information officially provided for killings of journalists condemned by the Director-General”, for transparency purposes. The responses of Member States that have agreed to make public the information provided on the status of judicial follow- up have been published on UNESCO’s database on the killings of journalists, along with the statement of the Director-General condemning the killing. They can be accessed here: https://en.unesco.org/unesco-condemns-killing-of-journalists/list. Nineteen of the 36 Member States that provided a response (including acknowledgements) to UNESCO in 2018, or 53%, agreed to make their response public.

4.2 Slight reduction in impunity rate, but 89% of cases remain unresolved

Cumulatively, since UNESCO’s reporting mechanism on the safety of journalists was launched, the Organization has received information from Member States on 657 of the 1010

25 These countries are: Central African Republic, Guyana, Libya, Mali, South Sudan, and Yemen.

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cases condemned by the Director-General between 2006 and 2017. Among these, 115 cases have been judicially resolved according to the information provided by the national authorities of the country, representing an overall resolution rate of 11%.26 27

Figure 12: Percentage of cases resolved out of all cases condemned by the Director-General (2006-2017)

Resolved cases 11%

Unresolved/no information 89%

In 54% of all cases, Member States reported that a judicial procedure was either still underway or that the case was archived or unresolved. For the remaining 35% of all cases, representing 353 journalists’ killings, the affected Member States have never provided information on the judicial follow-up.

Figure 13: Status of judicial enquiry into killings of journalists (2006-2017)

Case resolved 11% No information received 35%

Ongoing/Unresolved 54%

26 Please see Annex A for a detailed explanation on UNESCO methodology in categorizing responses. 27 If one considers only those cases for which UNESCO received information, the resolution rate amounts to 18%.

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Based on the information received from Member States, the highest rate of resolution of cases of killings of journalists is in Western Europe and North America, with 56% of cases (or 14 of 25 cases) reported as resolved. In Central and Eastern Europe, the resolution rate is 43%, with 17 of 40 cases reported as resolved. These two regions with the lowest impunity rate are also those in which the least killings of journalists have been recorded.

The highest rate of impunity appears to be in the Arab States region, which also records the top number of killings worldwide, with only 1.5% of cases reported as resolved. This high rate may to a large extent be explained by the fact that many of the killings in this region occurred in conflict situations, making it more difficult at least in the short term to identify the perpetrators and to complete a judicial enquiry.

In Latin America and the Caribbean, 18% of cases (41 out of 226) have been reported as resolved, and in Africa 15 % (16 out of 117). In Asia and the Pacific region, the resolution rate drops to 8% (22 out of 264), based on the information provided by Member States.

Table 1: Status of judicial enquiry per region (2006-2017) Region Case resolved Ongoing/Unreso No information Total lved received so far cases

Western Europe 14 11 0 25 and North America

Latin America & 41 163 22 226 the Caribbean

Central and Eastern 17 23 0 40 Europe

Asia and the Pacific 22 140 102 264

Arab States 5 139 194 338

Africa 16 66 35 117

Total 115 542 353 1010

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4.3 Member States reporting on measures to promote safety of journalists and to combat impunity

Since 2017, UNESCO includes in its letters to Member States an invitation to report on “actions taken by [the] country to promote the safety of journalists and to combat impunity, as a way to share good practices”, and “highlighting the specific risks faced by women journalists in the exercise of their work.” This request arises from the 2016 IPDC Decision on Safety of Journalists and 39 C/Resolution 39 of the General Conference, and it allows UNESCO to share good practices undertaken by its Member States to improve safety of journalists in the respective countries.

In 2018, 15 Member States - representing 42% of the Member States which responded this year to the Director-General’s request - included in their reply information on concrete actions taken to improve safety of journalists. These countries were (in alphabetical order): Afghanistan, Brazil, Denmark, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Malta, Mexico, Myanmar, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia and the United States of America.

Member States reported a wide range of steps taken to monitor, prevent, protect against, and prosecute crimes against journalists:28

Monitoring crimes against journalists Several Member States informed UNESCO of the setting up of monitoring mechanisms to track attacks against journalists (for example: Afghanistan, Brazil, Guatemala, Pakistan). Guatemala reported the establishment of an entity to analyse attacks against human rights defenders as well as journalists in order to develop guidelines for a more effective prevention of future attacks.

Prevention of crimes against journalists Steps to prevent attacks against journalists have included: establishing an emergency call line for journalists and human rights defenders under threat (for example: Guatemala); the elaboration of special programmes, policies or protocols for the protection of journalists and/or human rights defenders (for example: Brazil, Honduras, Pakistan); and awareness-raising campaigns on the safety of journalists (reported by: Kyrgyzstan and the United States of America).

Protection of journalists against attacks Furthermore, Member States provided information on efforts to protect journalists from attacks such as: providing training to security guards of media houses (reported by Pakistan), appointing focal points on safety of journalists in different police departments (Pakistan) and providing support through national security forces (reported by Afghanistan). Safety trainings for journalists were also highlighted as a means to provide journalists with skills to better protect themselves both off-line and online (for example this was reported by: Denmark, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Nigeria and the United States of America).

28 Please note that the following section includes only examples of measures taken by Member States and does not include the full account given by each Member State. For those Member States that have agreed to make their response public, more details on these measures can be found here: https://en.unesco.org/unesco-condemns-killing-of-journalists/list.

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Prosecution of crimes against journalists Several Member States (for example: Honduras, Mexico and Pakistan) reported the establishment of special investigation and/or prosecution mechanisms dedicated to ensuring prosecution of crimes against journalists.

Guatemala referred to the development, in collaboration with UNESCO, of training modules for judges and magistrates on freedom of expression and the safety of journalists.

In Afghanistan, a special committee comprising security agencies and the national journalists’ federation was set up within the auspices of the Ministry of Information to assess the feasibility of prosecuting cases of violence against journalists.

Malta informed of a €1 million reward offered by the Government for information leading to the capture of the perpetrator(s) of the killing of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia.

Other measures reported by Member States Responses from a number of Member States reflected a recognition that the complexity of the issue of journalists’ safety requires a holistic, coordinated response with the involvement of a range of actors. A number of Member States reported the establishment of multi-stakeholder committees, working groups or coalitions which bring together representatives of government, security services, civil society and the media in order to discuss and take forward measures that promote the safety of journalists and/or human rights defenders (for example: Afghanistan, Brazil, Denmark, Guatemala, Kenya, Pakistan, Somalia). Other Member States such as Honduras, Kyrgyzstan and Myanmar provided information on multi-stakeholder conferences or meetings on safety-related issues. At the global level, Member States such as Denmark and Greece listed their involvement in platforms such as the Group of Friends for the Safety of Journalists at UNESCO in Paris, the UN headquarters in New York, and/or the OSCE in Vienna. Greece also referred to a side-event it co-organized on 3 May 2018 at UN Headquarters in New York, together with and , on the protection of journalists and media workers. The funding of projects related to the safety of journalists was another measure mentioned (for example, by Denmark), as well as liaising with embassies to encourage reporting to UNESCO by concerned Member States on judicial follow-up into the killings of journalists (also Denmark).

Some Member States reported on recent legal reforms aimed at fostering freedom of expression (for example: Afghanistan, Malta, and Pakistan). Replies to the Director-General request included measures led and implemented by other local actors such as journalists’ unions, universities and civil society.

Addressing safety of women journalists A small number of Member States reported on concrete measures taken to address the specific risks faced by women journalists in the exercise of their work. Denmark indicated that the Danish Union of Journalists has developed a dedicated policy for dealing with gender equality issues in the media, particularly safety of women journalists on and off-line. Kenya reported on specific safety training sessions for women journalists and two Member States informed that quotas to ensure the participation of women journalists were in place for general

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safety trainings for journalists. Some Member States referred to legislation guaranteeing equal rights to women and men.

5. Conclusion Killings of journalists continue to occur the world over and these deaths shine a light on the extreme risks that can be faced by the individuals in this profession. In 2016 and 2017, 182 journalists and media workers were killed, with killings taking place in every region. While 2016-2017 lists slightly lower numbers than in the two previous years, there is no reason to conclude that this necessarily marks a sustainable downwards trend in killings of journalists. As of 09 October 2018, the number of deaths that occurred this year had already reached 80.29

Over the last 12 years, UNESCO has recorded 1,010 killings worldwide, out of which only 115 were followed by a judicial procedure that led to the conviction of one or multiple perpetrators. Impunity for killings of journalists has slightly decreased, but remains extremely high, with a large majority of 89% of cases unresolved. Impunity for crimes against journalists emboldens attackers and leads to self-censorship in the profession and among the public.

The overall effect is to impede all other efforts towards free expression and freedom of the press. All this thwarts progress towards “public access to information and fundamental freedoms” which is an agreed target for the world in Sustainable Development Goal 16.10.

After a continuous increase in the response rate of Member States to the Director-General’s request since 2014 through 2017, the response rate dropped significantly in 2018. Since UNESCO’s reporting on the status of judicial procedures is based on information supplied by Member States, a high response rate is essential to provide an accurate picture of judicial follow-up of killings of journalists.

It is also to be noted that the killing of journalists, the ultimate form of censorship, is just the tip of an iceberg of attacks against journalists, which range from non-lethal physical attacks, kidnapping, illegal detention, threats, harassment off-line and online, to retaliations on family members.

Increasing the safety of journalists worldwide and combating impunity for crimes against journalists thus remain key issues that need to be addressed with a concerted effort by all stakeholders involved.

29 Killings condemned by the the Director-General of UNESCO Director-General as at 24 September 2018.

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Annexes

Annex A: Mandate of the Director-General and methodology

The information in this report on the status of the investigations carried out on each of the killings condemned by the Director-General is based solely on the updates provided by concerned Member States.

The cases of killings of journalists are systematically condemned by Director-General of UNESCO through press releases. General Conference 29 C/Resolution 29 (1997) mandates the Director-General to “condemn assassination and any physical violence against journalists as a crime against society, since this curtails freedom of expression and, as a consequence, the other rights and freedoms set forth in international human rights instruments”. This mandate has been reinforced by other resolutions, such as General Conference 36 C/Resolution 53 (2011), which calls on UNESCO to monitor the status of press freedom and safety of journalists in coordination with other UN bodies.

The information provided by Member States has been analyzed for the purpose of this study and categorized as follows:

1. “Resolved” The status of a case regarding the killing of a journalist is considered as “Resolved” if the Member State has provided one or more of the following responses to the Director-General’s request to provide information concerning the status of the investigation: a) The perpetrator(s) of the crime has (/have) been brought to justice and been convicted by a court of law. b) The suspected perpetrator(s) of the crime died before a court case could take place or be completed. c) The judicial process has revealed that the death was not related to the victim’s journalistic practice. The Director-General no longer requests status updates once a case is deemed to have been resolved.

2. “Ongoing/Unresolved” The status of a case regarding the killing of a journalist is considered as “Ongoing/Unresolved” if the Member State has provided one of the following responses to the Director-General’s request to provide information concerning the status of the investigation:

a) The case is currently being investigated by law enforcement agencies or other relevant authorities.

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b) The case has been taken up by the judicial system but a final verdict has not yet been reached and the suspect(s) has (/have) not been convicted and sentenced. The “Ongoing/Unresolved” category also applies to cases where only one of the suspected killers has been convicted and sentenced. c) The journalist has been reported by the Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction. d) A court of law has acquitted the suspected perpetrator(s) of the crime (for example due to lack of or tampered evidence). e) A court of law has ruled to archive the case or is otherwise unable to be processed through the judiciary system (for example, due to statutes of limitations). This category therefore also includes those cases for which a judicial process has been completed, but where no person(s) has (/have) yet been successfully held accountable in terms of due legal process, and hence where impunity in regard to the killing(s) still remains unresolved.

The Director-General continues to request status updates for all of the above cases, except in the instances where it is explicitly mentioned that the case has been judicially archived.

3. “No information received so far”

“No information received so far” is used if the Member State has never provided information to UNESCO on the status of the investigation, whether this year or in previous years. ‘Acknowledgments’, as described on page 18, are included in this category insofar as they do not include any specific information on the judicial follow-up into the cases of killings of journalists condemned by the Director-General. The Director-General continues to request status updates for such cases.

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Annex B: Status of judicial enquiries of journalists killed in 2006-2017

Status of the judicial inquiries of journalists killed in the last decade (2006 – 2017), organized by country in which the journalist was killed No. Name Nationality Country in Sex Date Status of judicial which killed kille enquiry based d on information provided by Member States as of September 2018 1 Abdul Qodus Afghan Afghanistan Male 22- No Information Jul- Received So Far 06 2 Karen Fischer German Afghanistan Femal 6- No Information e Oct- Received So Far 06 3 Christian German Afghanistan Male 6- No Information Struwe Oct- Received So Far 06 4 Shokiba Sanga Afghan Afghanistan Femal 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Amaaj e Jun- ed 07 5 Zakia Zaki Afghan Afghanistan Femal 5- Ongoing/Unresolv e Jun- ed 07 6 Carsten Norwegian Afghanistan Male 14- No Information Thomassen Jan- Received So Far 08 7 Abdul Samad Afghan Afghanistan Male 7- No Information Rohani Jun- Received So Far 08 8 Jawed Ahmad Afghan Afghanistan Male 10- No Information Mar- Received So Far 09 9 Janullah Afghan Afghanistan Male 24- No Information Hasimzada Aug- Received So Far 09 10 Sultan Munadi Afghan Afghanistan Male 5- No Information Sep- Received So Far 09 11 Canadian Afghanistan Femal 30- No Information e Dec- Received So Far 09 12 Rupert Hamer British Afghanistan Male 9- No Information Jan- Received So Far 10

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13 Sayed Hamid Afghan Afghanistan Male 5- Case resolved Noori Sep- 10 14 Ahmad Omed Afghan Afghanistan Male 24- No Information Khpalwak Jul- Received So Far 11 15 Farhad Iranian Afghanistan Male 20- No Information Taqaddosi Sep- Received So Far 11 16 Sadim Khan Afghan Afghanistan Male 21- No Information Bhadrzai Feb- Received So Far 12 17 Noor Ahmad Afghan Afghanistan Male 23- No Information Noori Jan- Received So Far 14 18 Ahmad Shahid Afghan Afghanistan Male 26- No Information Jan- Received So Far 14 19 Nils Horner Swedish/British Afghanistan Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Mar- ed 14 20 Sardar Ahmad Afghan Afghanistan Male 20- No Information Mar- Received So Far 14 21 Anja German Afghanistan Femal 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Niedringhaus e Apr- ed 14 22 Aqil Afghanistan Afghanistan Male 16- No Information Mohammad Jan- Received So Far Waqar 15 23 Mariam Afghan Afghanistan Femal 20- No Information Ibrahimi e Jan- Received So Far 16 24 Mehri Azizi Afghan Afghanistan Femal 20- No Information e Jan- Received So Far 16 25 Mohammad Ali Afghan Afghanistan Male 20- No Information Mohammadi Jan- Received So Far 16 26 Mohammad Afghan Afghanistan Male 20- No Information Hussain Amini Jan- Received So Far 16 27 Mohammad Afghan Afghanistan Male 20- No Information Hussain Jan- Received So Far Khaksar 16 28 Mohammad Afghan Afghanistan Male 20- No Information Jawad Jan- Received So Far Hussaini 16 29 Zainab Afghan Afghanistan Femal 20- No Information Mirzaee e Jan- Received So Far 16 30 Haji Afghan Afghanistan Male 29- No Information Mohammad Jan- Received So Far Zubair Khaksar 16

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31 American Afghanistan Male 5- No Information May- Received So Far 16 32 Zabihullah Afghan Afghanistan Male 5- No Information Tamanna Jun- Received So Far 16 33 Yaqoub Afghan Afghanistan Male 16- No Information Sharafat Oct- Received So Far 16 34 Nematullah Afghan Afghanistan Male 4- No Information Zahir Nov- Received So Far 16 35 Mohammad Afghan Afghanistan Male 15- No Information Nasir Mudasir Dec- Received So Far 16 36 Farida Afghan Afghanistan Femal 10- No Information Mustakhdim e Jan- Received So Far 17 37 Noorullah Afghan Afghanistan Male 10- No Information Jan- Received So Far 17 38 Mollakhil Afghan Afghanistan Male 17- No Information Zeinolah Khan May- Received So Far 17 39 Ghani Naghdi Afghan Afghanistan Male 17- No Information May- Received So Far 17 40 Shinwari Afghan Afghanistan Male 17- No Information Momhammad May- Received So Far Amir Khan 17 41 AmiriI Afghan Afghanistan Male 17- No Information Abdollatif May- Received So Far 17 42 Aziz Navin Afghan Afghanistan Male 31- No Information May- Received So Far 17 43 Mohammed Afghan Afghanistan Male 31- No Information Nazir May- Received So Far 17 44 Amanullah Afghan Afghanistan Male 12- No Information Haqiar Oct- Received So Far 17 45 Hussain Nazari Afghan Afghanistan Male 17- No Information Nov- Received So Far 17 46 Sayed Mehdi Afghan Afghanistan Male 28- No Information Hosaini Dec- Received So Far 17 47 Alberto Graves Angolan Angola Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Chakussanga Sep- ed 10 48 Rasim Aliyev Azerbaijani Azerbaijan Male 9- Case resolved Aug- 15

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50 Zakariya Bahraini Male 9- Case resolved Rashid Hassan Apr- 11 51 Karim Bahraini Bahrain Male 12- Case resolved Fakhrawi Apr- 11 49 Ahmed Ismael Bahraini Bahrain Male 31- Ongoing/Unresolv Hassan Mar- ed AlSamadi 12 52 Bellal Hossain Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Dafadar Sep- ed 06 53 Mehrun Runi Bangladeshi Bangladesh Femal 11- Ongoing/Unresolv e Feb- ed 12 54 Sagar Sarwar Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 12 55 Jamal Uddin Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 12 56 Avijit Roy Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 15 57 Washiqur Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Rahman Mar- ed 15 58 Ananta Bijoy Bangladeshi-US Bangladesh Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Das May- ed 15 59 Niloy Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Chakrabarti Aug- ed (aka Niloy 15 Neel) 60 Faisal Arefin Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 31- Ongoing/Unresolv Dipan Oct- ed 15 61 Nazimuddin Bengali Bangladesh Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Samad Apr- ed 16 62 Xulhaz Bengali Bangladesh Male 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Mannan Apr- ed 16 63 Abdul Hakim Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Shimul Feb- ed 17 64 David Niño de Bolivian Bolivia Male 21- Case resolved Guzmán (Plurinationa Apr- l State of) 11 65 Ajuricaba Brazilian Brazil Male 24- Case resolved Monassa de Jul- Paula 06

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66 Luiz Carlos Brazilian Brazil Male 5- Case resolved Barbon Filho May- 07 67 José Brazilian Brazil Male 4- Case resolved Givonaldo Dec- Vieira 09 68 Francisco Brazilian Brazil Male 18- Case resolved Gomes de Oct- Medeiros 10 75 Luciano Leitão Brazilian Brazil Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Pedrosa Apr- ed 11 76 Valério Brazilian Brazil Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Nascimento May- ed 11 69 Auro Ida Brazilian Brazil Male 22- Case resolved Jul- 11 77 Valderlei Brazilian Brazil Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Canuto Sep- ed Leandro 11 78 Paulo Roberto Brazilian Brazil Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Cardoso Feb- ed Rodrigues 12 79 Mario Randolfo Brazilian Brazil Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Marques Feb- ed Lopes 12 80 Décio Sá Brazilian Brazil Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 12 81 Valério Luiz de Brazilian Brazil Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Oliveira Jul- ed 12 82 Eduardo Brazilian Brazil Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Carvalho Nov- ed 12 70 Renato Brazilian Brazil Male 8- Case resolved Machado Jan- Gonçalves 13 83 Mafaldo Brazilian Brazil Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Bezerra Goes Feb- ed 13 71 Rodrigo Neto Brazilian Brazil Male 8- Case resolved de Faria Mar- 13 72 Walgney Assis Brazilian Brazil Male 14- Case resolved Carvalho Apr- 13 84 José Roberto Brazilian Brazil Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Ornelas Jun- ed 13

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73 Cláudio Brazilian Brazil Male 12- Case resolved Moleiro de Oct- Souza 13 85 Santiago Ilídio Brazilian Brazil Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Andrade Feb- ed 14 86 Edilson Dias Brazilian Brazil Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Lopes Feb- ed 14 87 Pedro Palma Brazilian Brazil Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 14 74 José Lacerda Brazilian Brazil Male 16- Case resolved da Silva Feb- 14 88 Geolino Lopes Brazilian Brazil Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Xavier Feb- ed 14 89 Marcos de Brazilian Brazil Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Barros Dec- ed Leopoldo 14 Guerra 90 Gerardo Paraguayan Brazil Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Ceferino Mar- ed Servían 15 Coronel 91 Evany José Brazilian Brazil Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Metzker May- ed 15 92 Djalma Santos Brazilian Brazil Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv da Conceição May- ed 15 93 Gleydson Brazilian Brazil Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Carvalho Aug- ed 15 94 Brazilian Brazil Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Gonçalves Nov- ed Silva 15 95 Italo Eduardo Brazilian Brazil Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Diniz Barros Nov- ed 15 96 Orislandio Brazilian Brazil Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Timóteo Araújo Nov- ed 15 97 João Valdecir Brazilian Brazil Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv de Borba Mar- ed 16 98 Manoel Brazilian Brazil Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Messias Apr- ed Pereira 16 99 João Miranda Brazilian Brazil Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv do Carmo Jul- ed 16

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100 Mauricio Brazilian Brazil Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Campos Rosa Aug- ed 16 101 Jairo de Brazilian Brazil Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Oliveira Silva Oct- ed 16 102 Luís Gustavo Brazilian Brazil Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv da Silva Jun- ed 17 103 Bobi Tsankov Bulgarian Bulgaria Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed - Archived 10 104 Leïla Alaoui30 French- Burkina Femal 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Moroccan Faso e Jan- ed 16 105 Christophe Burundian Burundi Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Nkezabahizi Oct- ed 15 106 Hang Serei Cambodian Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Oudom Sep- ed 12 107 Suon Chan Cambodian Cambodia Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 14 108 Taing Try Cambodian Cambodia Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 14 109 Ngota Ngota Cameroonian Cameroon Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Germain Apr- ed - Archived 10 110 Camille French Central Femal 13- No Information Lepage African e May- Received So Far Republic 14 111 Elisabeth Central African Central Femal 22- No Information Blanche Olofio African e Jun- Received So Far Republic 14 112 Xiao Guopeng Chinese Male 18- Case resolved Jul- 06 113 Sun Hongjie Chinese China Male 28- Case resolved Dec- 10 116 Gustavo Rojas Colombian Colombia Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Gabalo Mar- ed 06 117 Milton Fabián Colombian Colombia Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Sánchez Aug- ed 06 114 Atilano Colombian Colombia Male 22- Case resolved Segundo Aug- Pérez Barrios 06

30 Ms Alaoui was among the dozens of victims that were killed in a terrorist attack that took place in Burkina Faso on the 15th of June 2016.

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118 José Everardo Colombian Colombia Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Aguilar Apr- ed 09 119 Harold Colombian Colombia Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Humberto Dec- ed - Archived Rivas Quevedo 09 120 Luis Eduardo Colombian Colombia Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Gómez Jun- ed 11 115 Argemiro Colombian Colombia Male 15- Case resolved Cárdenas Mar- Agudelo 12 122 Guillermo Colombian Colombia Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Quiroz Nov- ed Delgado 12 123 Alberto Lazaro Colombian Colombia Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Del Valle May- ed 13 124 José Naudin Colombian Colombia Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Gomez Jul- ed 13 125 Édison Alberto Colombian Colombia Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Molina Sep- ed 13 126 José Darío Colombian Colombia Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Arenas Sep- ed - Archived 13 127 Yonni Steven Colombian Colombia Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Caicedo Feb- ed 14 121 Luis Carlos Colombian Colombia Male 12- Case resolved Cervantes Aug- 14 128 Luis Carlos Colombian Colombia Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Peralta Cuéllar Feb- ed 15 129 Edgar Quintero Colombian Colombia Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Mar- ed 15 131 Flor Alba Colombian Colombia Femal 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Núñez Vargas e Sep- ed 15 130 Dorance Colombian Colombia Male 23- Case resolved Herrera Nov- 15 132 Efigenia Colombian Colombia Femal 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Vásquez e Oct- ed Astudillo 17 133 Bruno Ossébi Congolese Congo Male 2- No Information Feb- Received So Far 09 134 Ivo Pukanic Croatian Croatia Male 23- Case resolved Oct- 08

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135 Niko Franjic Croatian Croatia Male 23- Case resolved Oct- 08 136 Bapuwa DR Congolese Democratic Male 8- No Information Mwamba Republic of Jul- Received So Far the Congo 06 137 Serge DR Congolese Democratic Male 13- No Information Maheshe Republic of Jun- Received So Far the Congo 07 138 Didace DR Congolese Democratic Male 21- No Information Namujimbo Republic of Nov- Received So Far the Congo 08 139 Patient DR Congolese Democratic Male 5- No Information Chebeya Republic of Apr- Received So Far Bankome the Congo 10 140 Witness- DR Congolese Democratic Male 22- No Information Patchelly Republic of Jun- Received So Far Kambale the Congo 11 Musonia 141 Guylain DR Congolese Democratic Male 17- No Information Chanjabo Republic of May- Received So Far the Congo 13 142 Kennedy DR Congolese Democratic Male 15- No Information Germain Republic of Feb- Received So Far Mumbere the Congo 14 Muliwavyo 143 Robert DR Congolese Democratic Male 26- No Information Chamwami Republic of Dec- Received So Far Shalubuto the Congo 14 144 Soleil Balanga DR Congolese Democratic Male 16- No Information Republic of Apr- Received So Far the Congo 15 145 Marcel Lubala DR Congolese Democratic Male 14- No Information Republic of Nov- Received So Far the Congo 16 146 Kim Wall Swedish Denmark Femal 10- Case resolved e Aug- 17 147 José Agustín Dominican Dominican Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Silvestre Republic Aug- ed 11 148 Luis Manuel Dominican Dominican Male 14- No Information Medina Republic Feb- Received So Far 17 149 Leónidas Dominican Dominican Male 14- No Information Martínez Republic Feb- Received So Far 17 150 José Luis León Ecuadorian Ecuador Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Desiderio Feb- ed 06 151 Saúl Suárez Ecuadorian Ecuador Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Sandoval Feb- ed 06

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152 Fausto Ecuadorian Ecuador Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Valdiviezo Apr- ed Moscoso 13 153 Ahmed Egyptian Egypt Male 4- No Information Mohammed Feb- Received So Far Mahmoud 11 154 Ahmed Assem Egyptian Egypt Male 8- No Information el-Senousy Jul- Received So Far 13 155 Michael Deane British Egypt Male 14- No Information Aug- Received So Far 13 156 Habiba Ahmed Egyptian Egypt Femal 14- No Information Abd Elaziz e Aug- Received So Far 13 157 Ahmad Abdel Egyptian Egypt Male 14- No Information Gawad Aug- Received So Far 13 158 Mosab el- Egyptian Egypt Male 14- No Information Shami Aug- Received So Far 13 159 Tamer Abdel Egyptian Egypt Male 19- No Information Raouf Aug- Received So Far 13 160 Mayada Ashraf Egyptian Egypt Femal 28- No Information e Mar- Received So Far 14 161 Salvador El Salvador El Salvador Male 20- Case resolved Sánchez Sep- Roque 07 162 Christian Franco-Spanish El Salvador Male 2- Case resolved Poveda Sep- 09 163 Alfredo Antonio El Salvadoran El Salvador Male 25- Case resolved Hurtado Nunez Apr- 11 164 Carlos José El Salvadoran El Salvador Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Orellana Jul- ed 14 165 Nicolás El Salvador El Salvador Male 10- Case resolved Humberto Mar- García 16 166 Fessehaye Eritrea Eritrea Male 11- No Information Yohannes Jan- Received So Far 07 167 Dawit Eritrean Eritrea Male 12- No Information Habtemichael Sep- Received So Far 12 168 Mattewos Eritrean Eritrea Male 12- No Information Habteab Sep- Received So Far 12 169 Wedi Itay Eritrean Eritrea Male 12- No Information Sep- Received So Far 12

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170 Anne Finnish Finland Femal 4- Case resolved Vihavainen e Dec- 16 171 Katri Ikävalko Finnish Finland Femal 4- Case resolved e Dec- 16 172 French France Femal 7- Case resolved e Jan- 15 173 Bernard Maris French France Male 7- Case resolved Jan- 15 174 Bernard French France Male 7- Case resolved Verlhac Jan- () 15 175 Georges French France Male 7- Case resolved Wolinski Jan- 15 176 Jean Cabut French France Male 7- Case resolved () Jan- 15 177 Mustapha French France Male 7- Case resolved Ourrad Jan- 15 178 Philippe French France Male 7- Case resolved Honoré Jan- 15 179 Stephane French France Male 7- Case resolved Charbonnier Jan- () 15 180 Alexander Georgian Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Klimchuk Aug- ed 08 181 Grigol Georgian Georgia Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Chikhladze Aug- ed 08 182 Stan Storimans Dutch Georgia Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed 08 183 Socrates Greek Greece Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Giolias Jul- ed 10 184 Mario Rolando Guatemalan Guatemala Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv López May- ed Sánchez 07 185 Marco Antonio Guatemalan Guatemala Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Estrada Jun- ed 09 186 Jaime Guatemalan Guatemala Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Napoleón Mar- ed Jarquín Duarte 13 190 Luis Alberto Guatemalan Guatemala Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Lemus Apr- ed 13

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191 Luis de Jesús Guatemalan Guatemala Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Lima Aug- ed 13 192 Carlos Alberto Guatemalan Guatemala Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Orellana Aug- ed Chávez 13 187 Danilo López Guatemalan Guatemala Male 10- Case resolved Mar- 15 188 Federico Guatemalan Guatemala Male 10- Case resolved Salazar Mar- 15 189 Guido Guatemalan Guatemala Male 13- Case resolved Armando Mar- Giovanni 15 Villatoro Ramos 194 Mario Roberto Guatemalan Guatemala Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Salazar Mar- ed Barahona 16 195 Winston Guatemalan Guatemala Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Leonardo Apr- ed Cano Túnchez 16 196 Diego Salomón Guatemalan Guatemala Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Esteban Apr- ed Gaspar 16 193 Víctor Hugo Guatemalan Guatemala Male 7- Case resolved Valdez Jun- Cardona 16 197 Álvaro Alfredo Guatemalan Guatemala Male 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Aceituno Jun- ed López 16 198 Felipe David Guatemalan Guatemala Male 4- Case resolved Munguía Sep- Jiménez 16 199 Hamilton Guatemalan Guatemala Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Hernández Nov- ed Vásquez 16 200 Manuel Guatemalan Guatemala Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Salvador Jan- ed Villagrán 17 Trujillo 202 Facély Camara Guinean Guinea Male 16- Case resolved Sep- 14 203 Molou Chérif Guinean Guinea Male 16- Case resolved Sep- 14 204 Sidiki Sidibé Guinean Guinea Male 16- Case resolved Sep- 14 201 El Hadj Guinean Guinea Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohamed Feb- ed Diallo 16

38

205 Ronald Guyanese Guyana Male 30- No Information Waddell Jan- Received So Far 06 206 Jean-Rémy Haitian Haiti Male 19- No Information Badio Jan- Received So Far 07 207 Pierre-Richard Haitian Haiti Male 19- No Information Alexandre May- Received So Far 13 214 Gabriel Fino Honduran Honduras Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Noriega Jul- ed 09 215 Joseph Honduran Honduras Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Hernandez Mar- ed Ochoa 10 216 David Enrique Honduran Honduras Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Meza Mar- ed Montesinos 10 217 Nahúm Honduran Honduras Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Palacios Mar- ed Arteaga 10 218 Victor Manuel Honduran Honduras Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Juárez Mar- ed Vasquez 10 219 José Bayardo Honduran Honduras Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Mairena Mar- ed 10 220 Luis Antonio Honduran Honduras Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Chévez Apr- ed Hernández 10 208 Jorge Alberto Honduran Honduras Male 20- Case resolved Orellana Apr- 10 221 Luis Arturo Honduran Honduras Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Mondragón Jun- ed Morazán 10 222 Israel Zelaya Honduran Honduras Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Diaz Aug- ed 10 223 Adan Benítez Honduran Honduras Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed 11 224 Nery Jeremías Honduran Honduras Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Orellana Jul- ed 11 225 Medardo Honduran Honduras Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Flores Sep- ed Hernandez 11 209 Marina Honduran Honduras Femal 6- Case resolved Paz Villalobos e Dec- 11 226 Fausto Elio Honduran Honduras Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Hernández Mar- ed Arteaga 12

39

210 Noel Alexander Honduran Honduras Male 23- Case resolved Valladares Apr- 12 211 Marcos Adrián Honduran Honduras Male 23- Case resolved Gutiérrez Apr- Andrade 12 227 Erick Martinez Honduran Honduras Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Avila May- ed 12 212 Alfredo Honduran Honduras Male 15- Case resolved Villatoro May- 12 229 Adonis Felipe Honduran Honduras Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Bueso Jul- ed Gutiérrez 12 230 José Noel Honduran Honduras Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Canales Lagos Aug- ed 12 213 Aníbal Barrow Honduran Honduras Male 8- Case resolved Jul- 13 231 Manuel de Honduran Honduras Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Jesus Murillo Oct- ed Varela 13 232 Juan Carlos Honduran Honduras Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Argeñal Dec- ed Medina 13 233 Carlos Hilario Honduran Honduras Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Mejía Orellana Apr- ed 14 234 Hernán Cruz Honduran Honduras Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Barnica May- ed 14 235 Nery Francisco Honduran Honduras Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Soto Torres Aug- ed 14 228 Reynaldo Paz Honduran Honduras Male 15- Case resolved Meyes Dec- 14 236 Jose Carlos Honduran Honduras Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Fernández Feb- ed 15 237 Juan Carlos Honduran Honduras Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Cruz Andara Jun- ed 15 238 Jacobo Honduran Honduras Male 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Montoya Jun- ed Ramirez 15 239 Joel Aquiles Honduran Honduras Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Torres Jul- ed 15 240 Marlon David Honduran Honduras Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Martínez Feb- ed Caballero 16

40

241 Igor Padilla Honduran Honduras Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 17 242 Carlos William Honduran Honduras Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Flores Sep- ed 17 243 Carlos Oveniel Honduran Honduras Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Lara Oct- ed Domínguez 17 244 Prahlad Goala Indian India Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 06 245 Aran Narayan Indian India Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Dekate Jun- ed 06 246 Ashok Sodhi Indian India Male 11- No Information May- Received So Far 08 247 Javed Ahmed Indian India Male 13- No Information Mir Aug- Received So Far 08 248 Jagajit Saikia Indian India Male 22- No Information Nov- Received So Far 08 249 Vikas Ranjan Indian India Male 26- No Information Nov- Received So Far 08 250 Hem Chandra Indian India Male 1- No Information Pandey Jul- Received So Far 10 251 Vijay Pratap Indian India Male 20- No Information Singh Jul- Received So Far 10 252 Umesh Rajput Indian India Male 23- No Information Jan- Received So Far 11 253 Jyotirmoy Dey Indian India Male 11- No Information Jun- Received So Far 11 254 Chandrika Rai Indian India Male 18- No Information Feb- Received So Far 12 255 Rajesh Mishra Indian India Male 2- No Information Mar- Received So Far 12 256 Chaitali Santra Indian India Femal 26- No Information e Sep- Received So Far 12 257 Rakesh Indian India Male 25- No Information Sharma Aug- Received So Far 13 258 Israr Indian India Male 7- No Information Sep- Received So Far 13

41

259 Rajesh Verma Indian India Male 7- No Information Sep- Received So Far 13 260 Sai Reddy Indian India Male 6- No Information Dec- Received So Far 13 261 Jagendra Indian India Male 8- No Information Singh Jun- Received So Far 15 262 Sandeep Indian India Male 21- No Information Kothari Jun- Received So Far 15 263 Akshay Singh Indian India Male 4- No Information Jul- Received So Far 15 264 Raghavendra Indian India Male 17- No Information Dube Jul- Received So Far 15 265 Hemant Yadav Indian India Male 3- No Information Oct- Received So Far 15 266 Mithilesh Indian India Male 24- No Information Pandey Oct- Received So Far 15 267 Karun Misra Indian India Male 13- No Information Feb- Received So Far 16 268 Akhilesh Indian India Male 12- No Information Pratap Singh May- Received So Far 16 269 Rajdev Ranjan Indian India Male 13- No Information May- Received So Far 16 270 Kishore Dave Indian India Male 22- No Information Aug- Received So Far 16 271 Dharmendra Indian India Male 12- No Information Singh Nov- Received So Far 16 272 Kamlesh Jain Indian India Male 31- No Information May- Received So Far 17 273 Gauri Lankesh Indian India Femal 5- No Information e Sep- Received So Far 17 274 Shantanu Indian India Male 20- No Information Bhowmick Sep- Received So Far 17 275 Sudip Dutta Indian India Male 21- No Information Bhaumik Nov- Received So Far 17 276 Naveen Gupta Indian India Male 30- No Information Nov- Received So Far 17

42

277 Herliyanto Indonesian Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed - Archived 06 278 Ridwan Indonesian Indonesia Male 21- Case resolved Salamun Aug- 10 279 Leiron Kogoya Indonesian Indonesia Male 8- Case resolved Apr- 12 280 Sattar Beheshti Iranian (Islamic Male 6- Case resolved Republic of) Nov- 12 292 Mahmoud Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Za’al Jan- ed 06 281 Khaled Iraqi Iraq Male 22- No Information Mohsen Feb- Received So Far 06 294 Adnan Iraqi Iraq Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Khairallah Feb- ed 06 296 Atwar Bahjat Iraqi Iraq Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 06 297 Muhsin Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Khudhair Mar- ed 06 298 Munsuf Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdallah al- Mar- ed Khaldi 06 282 Saad Iraqi Iraq Male 5- No Information Shammari May- Received So Far 06 299 Saud M’Zahim Iraqi Iraq Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Al-Hedaithi May- ed 06 300 Muazaz Iraqi Iraq Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Ahmed May- ed 06 283 Mohammed Iraqi Iraq Male 7- No Information Khamaf May- Received So Far 06 301 Abed Shaker al Iraqi Iraq Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Demaimi May- ed 06 302 Laith Mashaan Iraqi Iraq Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 06 284 Ahmed Iraqi Iraq Male 10- No Information Kadhem May- Received So Far 06 285 Paul Douglas British Iraq Male 29- No Information May- Received So Far 06

43

303 James Brolan British Iraq Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 06 304 Ali Jaafar Iraqi Iraq Male 31- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 06 305 Alaa Hassan Iraqi Iraq Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed 06 308 Adel Najee al- Iraqi Iraq Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Mansouri Jul- ed 06 309 Riyad Iraqi Iraq Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Muhammad Ali Jul- ed 06 286 Mohammad Iraqi Iraq Male 7- No Information Abbas Aug- Received So Far Mohammad 06 287 Ismail Amin Ali Iraqi Iraq Male 7- No Information Aug- Received So Far 06 310 Abdel Karim al- Iraqi Iraq Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Rubai Sep- ed 06 311 Hadi Anawi al- Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Joubouri Sep- ed 06 312 Safa Isma’il Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Enad Sep- ed 06 313 Azad Iraqi Iraq Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Muhammad Oct- ed Hussein 06 314 Jassem Iraqi Iraq Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Hamad Ibrahim Oct- ed 06 288 Ali Jabber Iraqi Iraq Male 12- No Information Oct- Received So Far 06 315 Abdul-Rahim Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Nasrallah al- Oct- ed Shimari 06 316 Noufel al- Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Shimari Oct- ed 06 317 Thaker al- Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Shouwili Oct- ed 06 318 Ahmad Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Sha’ban Oct- ed 06 319 Sami Nasrallah Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv al-Shimari Oct- ed 06

44

320 Hussein Ali Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 06 321 Raed Qaies Iraqi Iraq Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 06 322 Saed Mahdi Iraqi Iraq Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Shalash Oct- ed 06 323 Aswan Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Lutfallah Nov- ed 06 324 Muhammad al- Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Ban Nov- ed 06 325 Fadia Iraqi Iraq Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohammed Nov- ed Abid 06 326 Luma Iraqi Iraq Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohammad Nov- ed Reyad 06 289 Walid Hassan Iraqi Iraq Male 21- No Information Nov- Received So Far 06 290 Raad Jaafar Iraqi Iraq Male 22- No Information Hamadi Nov- Received So Far 06 327 Fadhila Iraqi Iraq Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdelkarim Nov- ed 06 328 Yassin Aid Iraqi Iraq Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Assef Jan- ed 07 291 Falah Khalaf Al Iraqi Iraq Male 15- No Information Diyali Jan- Received So Far 07 329 Khudr Younis Iraqi Iraq Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv al-Obaidi Jan- ed 07 330 Mohan al- Iraqi Iraq Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Zaher Mar- ed 07 331 Jamal al- Iraqi Iraq Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Zubaidi Mar- ed 07 332 Hussein al Iraqi Iraq Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Jaburi Mar- ed 07 333 Hamid al- Iraqi Iraq Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Duleimi Mar- ed 07 293 Adel al-Badri Iraqi Iraq Male 3- No Information May- Received So Far 07

45

295 Dmitry Russian Iraq Male 6- No Information Chebotayev May- Received So Far 07 335 Ageel Abdul- Iraqi Iraq Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Qader May- ed 07 336 Imad Abdul- Iraqi Iraq Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Razzaq al- May- ed Obeidi 07 337 Raad Mutashar Iraqi Iraq Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 07 338 Nibras Razzaq Iraqi Iraq Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 07 339 Alaa Uldeen Iraqi Iraq Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Aziz May- ed 07 340 Saif Laith Iraqi Iraq Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Yousuf May- ed 07 341 Ali Khalil Iraqi Iraq Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 07 306 Aidan Abdallah Iraqi Iraq Male 26- No Information Al-Jamiji May- Received So Far 07 307 Mahmud Iraqi Iraq Male 28- No Information Hassib Al- May- Received So Far Kassab 07 342 Abdel-Rahman Iraqi Iraq Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Al-Issawi May- ed 07 343 Nizar Al-Radhi Iraqi Iraq Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 07 344 Saif Fakhri Iraqi Iraq Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 07 345 Sahar Hussein Iraqi Iraq Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Ali al-Haydari Jun- ed 07 346 Mohammed Iraqi Iraq Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Hilal Karji Jun- ed 07 347 Alef Ali Falih Iraqi Iraq Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 07 348 Filaih Wadi Iraqi Iraq Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Mijthab Jun- ed 07 349 Rahim al-Maliki Iraqi Iraq Male 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 07

46

350 Hamed Abd Iraqi Iraq Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Farhan Jun- ed 07 351 Sarmad Hamdi Iraqi Iraq Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Al-Hassani Jun- ed 07 352 Louaï Iraqi Iraq Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Souleimane Jun- ed 07 354 Namir Nour- Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Eldine Jul- ed 07 355 Said Chmagh Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed 07 356 Khalid Hassan Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed 07 357 Jawad al- Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Daami Sep- ed 07 358 Jasim Nofaan Iraqi Iraq Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 07 359 Mohamed Iraqi Iraq Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Nofaan Oct- ed 07 360 Salih Saif Aldin Iraqi Iraq Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 07 361 Zeyard Tariq Iraqi Iraq Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 07 362 Dhi Abdul- Iraqi Iraq Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Razak al-Dibo Oct- ed 07 334 Shehab Iraqi Iraq Male 28- No Information Mohammad al- Oct- Received So Far Hiti 07 363 Hisham Iraqi Iraq Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Mijawet Feb- ed Hamdan 08 365 Shihab al- Iraqi Iraq Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Tamimi Feb- ed 08 366 Haidar Iraqi Iraq Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Hashem Al- May- ed Husseini 08 367 Wissam Ali Iraqi Iraq Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Ouda May- ed 08 368 Muhieddin Iraqi Iraq Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdul Hamid Jun- ed 08

47

353 Soran Mama Iraqi Iraq Male 21- No Information Hama Jul- Received So Far 08 369 Qaydar Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Sulaiman Sep- ed 08 370 Ahmed Salim Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 08 371 Ihab Mu`d Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 08 372 Musab Iraqi Iraq Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Mahmood al- Sep- ed Ezawi 08 364 Dyar Abas Iraqi Iraq Male 10- No Information Ahmed Oct- Received So Far 08 373 Haider Hashim Iraqi Iraq Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Souheil Mar- ed 09 374 Suhaib Adnan Iraqi Iraq Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Mar- ed 09 375 Alaa Abdel- Iraqi Iraq Male 31- Ongoing/Unresolv Wehab May- ed 09 383 Orhan Hijran Iraqi Iraq Male 21- No Information Oct- Received So Far 09 376 Sardasht Osm Iraqi Iraq Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv an May- ed 10 377 Riad al-Saray Iraqi Iraq Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 10 378 Safaa al- Iraqi Iraq Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Khayat Sep- ed 10 379 Tahrir Kadhim Iraqi Iraq Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Jawad Oct- ed 10 380 Mazen Mardan Iraqi Iraq Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv al-Baghdadi Nov- ed 10 381 Omar Rasim Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv al-Qaysi Dec- ed 10 382 Hilal al-Ahmadi Iraqi Iraq Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 11 384 Sabah al- Iraqi Iraq Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Bazee Mar- ed 11

48

385 Taha Hameed Iraqi Iraq Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 11 386 Alwan al- Iraqi Iraq Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Ghorabi Jun- ed 11 387 Hadi al-Mahdi Iraqi Iraq Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 11 388 Kamiran Iraqi Iraq Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Salaheddin Apr- ed 12 389 Ghazwan Anas Iraqi Iraq Male 31- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed 12 418 Samir Sheikh Iraqi Iraq Male 17- No Information Ali Nov- Received So Far 12 390 Muwaffak al- Iraqi Iraq Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Ani May- ed 13 391 Mohammed Iraqi Iraq Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Ghanem Oct- ed 13 392 Mohammed Iraqi Iraq Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Karim Badrani Oct- ed 13 393 Bashar al- Iraqi Iraq Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Nuaimi Oct- ed 13 394 Alaa Edwar Iraqi Iraq Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 13 395 Wahdan Al- Iraqi Iraq Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Hamdani Nov- ed 13 419 Adel Mohseen Iraqi Iraq Male 2- No Information Hussein Dec- Received So Far 13 396 Kawa Ahmed Iraqi Iraq Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Germyani Dec- ed 13 397 Nawras al- Iraqi Iraq Femal 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Nuaimi e Dec- ed 13 398 Raad Yassin Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Dec- ed 13 399 Jamal Abdel Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nasser Dec- ed 13 400 Mohamed Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Ahmad Al- Dec- ed Khatib 13

49

401 Wissam Al- Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Azzawi Dec- ed 13 402 Mohamed Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdel Hamid Dec- ed 13 403 Omar al- Iraqi Iraq Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Dulaimy Dec- ed 13 404 Firas Iraqi Iraq Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohammed Jan- ed Attiyah 14 405 Muthanna Iraqi Iraq Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdul Hussein Mar- ed 14 406 Khaled Abdel Iraqi Iraq Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Thamer Mar- ed 14 407 Mohammed Iraqi Iraq Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Bdaiwi Owaid Mar- ed Al-Shammari 14 420 Kamran Najm Iraqi Iraq Male 12- No Information Ibrahim Jun- Received So Far 14 408 Khalid Ali Iraqi Iraq Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Hamada Jun- ed 14 409 Fadel Al-Hadidi Iraqi Iraq Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed 14 410 Leyla Yildizhin Iraqi/ Kurdish Iraq Femal 8- Ongoing/Unresolv (aka Deniz e Aug- ed Firat) 14 411 Raad Al Azawi Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 14 412 Ali Al-Ansari Iraqi Iraq Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 15 413 Thaer Alali Iraqi Iraq Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 15 421 Firas al-Baher Iraqi Iraq Male 1- No Information (also known as May- Received So Far Firas Al-Bahri) 15 414 Raed Al- Iraqi Iraq Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Joubouri May- ed 15 415 Majed Al Rabi’i Iraqi Iraq Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv (also known as May- ed Majid Al Rabi'i) 15 422 Suahaa Iraqi Iraq Femal 1- No Information Ahmed Radhi e Jul- Received So Far 15

50

423 Jalla Al-Abadi Iraqi Iraq Male 15- No Information Jul- Received So Far 15 424 Ghazi Al- Iraqi Iraq Male 5- No Information Obeidi Aug- Received So Far 15 416 Yahya Al Iraqi Iraq Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Khatib Aug- ed 15 417 Yahya Abd Iraqi Iraq Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Hamad Sep- ed 15 425 Hassan al- Iraqi Iraq Male 12- No Information Anbaki Jan- Received So Far 16 426 Saif Talal Iraqi Iraq Male 12- No Information Jan- Received So Far 16 427 Ali Mahmud Iraqi Iraq Male 13- No Information Jul- Received So Far 16 428 Widad Hussein Iraqi Iraq Male 13- No Information Ali Aug- Received So Far 16 429 Mustafa Saeed Iraqi Iraq Male 14- No Information Aug- Received So Far 16 430 Ali Ghani Iraqi Iraq Male 20- No Information Aug- Received So Far 16 431 Ahmet Iraqui Iraq Male 21- No Information Haceroğlu Oct- Received So Far 16 432 Ali Resan Iraqi Iraq Male 22- No Information Oct- Received So Far 16 433 Mohammed Iraqi Iraq Male 6- No Information Thabet al- Dec- Received So Far Obeidi 16 434 Shifa Zikri Iraqi / Kurdish Iraq Femal 25- No Information Ibrahim (aka e Feb- Received So Far Shifa Gardi) 17 435 Souhaib Al-Hiti Iraqi Iraq Male 30- No Information May- Received So Far 17 436 Bakhtyar Iraqi / Kurdish Iraq Male 19- No Information Haddad Jun- Received So Far 17 437 Stephan French Iraq Male 19- No Information Villeneuve Jun- Received So Far 17 438 Véronique French/Swiss Iraq Femal 24- No Information Robert e Jun- Received So Far 17

51

439 Harb Hazaa al- Iraqi Iraq Male 7- No Information Dulaimi Jul- Received So Far 17 440 Soudad al- Iraqi Iraq Male 7- No Information Douri Jul- Received So Far 17 441 Arkan Sharifi Iraqi Iraq Male 30- No Information Oct- Received So Far 17 442 Nahed Hattar Jordanian Jordan Male 25- Case resolved Sep- 16 443 Gennady Kyrgyz Male 22- Case resolved Pavlyuk Dec- 09 444 Francis Nyaruri Kenyan Kenya Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 09 445 John Kituyi Kenyan Kenya Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 15 446 Alisher Saipov Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 07 447 Suleiman al- Lebanese Lebanon Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Chidiac Jul- ed - Reported by 06 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 448 Layal Nagib Lebanese Lebanon Femal 23- Ongoing/Unresolv e Jul- ed - Reported by 06 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 449 Assaf Abu Lebanese Lebanon Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Rahal Aug- ed - Reported by 10 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 450 Ali Shaaban Lebanese Lebanon Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed - Reported by 12 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction

52

451 Ali Hassan Al- Libyan Libya Male 12- No Information Jaber Mar- Received So Far 11 452 Mohammed al- Libyan Libya Male 19- No Information Nabbous Mar- Received So Far 11 453 Tim British/US Libya Male 20- No Information Hetherington Apr- Received So Far 11 454 Chris Hondros USA Libya Male 20- No Information Apr- Received So Far 11 455 Azzedine Libyan Libya Male 9- No Information Qusad Aug- Received So Far 13 456 Saleh Haifyana Libyan Libya Male 15- No Information Nov- Received So Far 13 457 Radwan Libyan Libya Male 1- No Information Gharyani Dec- Received So Far 13 458 Meftah Bouzid Libyan Libya Male 26- No Information May- Received So Far 14 459 Naseeb Miloud Libyan Libya Femal 29- No Information Karnafa e May- Received So Far 14 460 Tawfiq Faraj Libyan Libya Male 19- No Information Ben Saud Sep- Received So Far 14 461 Tayeb Issa Libyan Libya Male 5- No Information Hamouda Oct- Received So Far 14 462 Moatasem Libyan Libya Male 8- No Information Billah Werfali Oct- Received So Far 14 463 Muftah al- Libyan Libya Male 22- No Information Qatrani Apr- Received So Far 15 464 Mohamed Jalal Egyptian Libya Male 27- No Information (Egyptian) Apr- Received So Far 15 465 Abdallah Al Libyan Libya Male 27- No Information Karkaai (aka Apr- Received So Far Abdelsalam Al 15 Kahla) 466 Khaled Al Libyan Libya Male 27- No Information Sobhi (aka Apr- Received So Far Khalid Alhmil) 15 467 Younes Al Libyan Libya Male 27- No Information Mabruk Al Apr- Received So Far Nawfali (aka 15 Younes Alsul)

53

468 Yousef Kader Libyan Libya Male 27- No Information Boh (aka Apr- Received So Far Yousef Al 15 Gamoudi) 469 Khaled al- Libyan Libya Male 24- No Information Zintani Jun- Received So Far 16 470 Abdelqadir Libyan Libya Male 21- No Information Fassouk Jul- Received So Far 16 471 Jeroen Dutch Libya Male 2- No Information Oerlemans Oct- Received So Far 16 472 Ando Malagasy Madagascar Male 7- Case resolved Ratovonirina Feb- 09 473 Yameen Maldivian Maldives Male 23- No Information Rasheed Apr- Received So Far 17 474 Ghislaine French Mali Femal 2- No Information Dupont e Nov- Received So Far 13 475 Claude Verlon French Mali Male 2- No Information Nov- Received So Far 13 476 Daphne Maltese Malta Femal 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Caruana e Oct- ed Galizia 17 479 Jaime Arturo Mexican Mexico Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Overa Bravo Mar- ed 06 480 Enrique Perea Mexican Mexico Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Quintanilla Aug- ed 06 481 Brad Will USA Mexico Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 06 482 Misael Tamayo Mexican Mexico Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Hernández Nov- ed 06 483 Amado Mexican Mexico Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Ramirez Apr- ed 07 484 Felicitas Mexican Mexico Femal 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Martínez e Apr- ed Sánchez 08 485 Teresa Mexican Mexico Femal 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Bautista e Apr- ed Merino 08 486 Alejandro Mexican Mexico Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Xenón Sep- ed Fonseca 08 Estrada

54

487 Armando Mexican Mexico Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Rodríguez Nov- ed 08 488 Jean Paul Mexican Mexico Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Ibarra Ram'irez Feb- ed 09 489 Carlos Ortega Mexican Mexico Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Melo Samper May- ed 09 490 Eliseo Bárron Mexican Mexico Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Hernández May- ed 09 491 Ernesto Mexican Mexico Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Montañez Jul- ed Valdivia 09 492 Fabián Mexican Mexico Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Ramírez López Oct- ed 09 493 Vladimir Mexican Mexico Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Antuna García Nov- ed 09 494 José Emilio Mexican Mexico Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Galindo Robles Nov- ed 09 496 José Luis Mexican Mexico Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Romero Jan- ed 10 477 Jorge Ochoa Mexican Mexico Male 29- Case resolved Martinez Jan- 10 495 Evaristo Mexican Mexico Male 12- No Information Pacheco Solis Mar- Received So Far 10 497 Juan Francisco Mexican Mexico Male 28- No Information Rodríguez Jun- Received So Far Ríos 10 498 María Elvira Mexican Mexico Femal 29- No Information Hernández e Jun- Received So Far Galeana 10 505 Hugo Alfredo Mexican Mexico Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Olivera Cartas Jul- ed 10 507 Marco Aurelio Mexican Mexico Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Martínez Jul- ed Tijerina 10 509 Guillermo Mexican Mexico Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Alcaraz Trejo Jul- ed 10 510 Luis Carlos Mexican Mexico Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Santiago Sep- ed Orozco 10 511 Ana María Mexican Mexico Femal 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Yarce Viveros e Jan- ed 11

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512 Rocío Mexican Mexico Femal 9- Ongoing/Unresolv González e Jan- ed Trápaga 11 499 Pablo Ruelas Mexican Mexico Male 13- No Information Barraza Jun- Received So Far 11 515 Miguel Angel Mexican Mexico Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv López Velasco Jun- ed 11 516 Misael López Mexican Mexico Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Velasco Jun- ed 11 478 Angel Castillo Mexican Mexico Male 4- Case resolved Corona Jul- 11 517 Yolanda Ordaz Mexican Mexico Femal 26- Ongoing/Unresolv de la Cruz e Jul- ed 11 518 Humberto Mexican Mexico Male 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Millán Salazar Aug- ed 11 519 María Mexican Mexico Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Elizabeth Sep- ed Macías 11 524 Regina Mexican Mexico Femal 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Martinez e Apr- ed 12 525 Esteban Mexican Mexico Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Rodriguez May- ed 12 526 Gabriel Huge Mexican Mexico Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 12 527 Guillermo Luna Mexican Mexico Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Varela May- ed 12 528 Marco Antonio Mexican Mexico Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Ávila García May- ed 12 529 Victor Baez Mexican Mexico Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Chino Jun- ed 12 530 Adrián Silva Mexican Mexico Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Moreno Nov- ed 12 531 Jaime Mexican Mexico Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Gonzalez Mar- ed Dominguez 13 532 Mario Jorge Mexican Mexico Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Ricardo Jun- ed Chávez 13 533 Alberto López Mexican Mexico Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Bello Jul- ed 13

56

534 Gregorio Mexican Mexico Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Jiménez de la Feb- ed Cruz 14 535 Jorge Torres Mexican Mexico Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Palacios Jun- ed 14 536 Nolberto Mexican Mexico Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Herrera Jul- ed - Archived Rodríguez 14 537 Octavio Rojas Mexican Mexico Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Hernández Aug- ed 14 538 Antonio Mexican Mexico Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Gamboa Urias Oct- ed - Archived 14 539 María del Mexican Mexico Femal 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Rosario e Oct- ed - Archived Fuentes Rubio 14 540 Atilano Roman Mexican Mexico Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Tirado Nov- ed 14 541 Moisés Mexican Mexico Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Sánchez Jan- ed Cerezo 15 542 Abel Manuel Mexican Mexico Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Bautista Apr- ed Raymundo 15 543 Armando Mexican Mexico Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Saldaña May- ed Morales 15 545 Gerardo Nieto Mexican Mexico Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Alvarez Jun- ed - Archived 15 546 Juan Mendoza Mexican Mexico Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Delgado Jun- ed 15 547 Filadelfo Mexican Mexico Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Sánchez Jul- ed Sarmiento 15 548 Ruben Mexican Mexico Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Espinosa Aug- ed 15 544 Marcos Mexican Mexico Male 21- Case resolved Hernández Jan- Bautista 16 549 Reinel Mexican Mexico Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Martinez Jan- ed Cerqueda 16 550 Anabel Flores Mexican Mexico Femal 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Salazar e Feb- ed 16 551 Moisés Mexican Mexico Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Dagdug Feb- ed Lutzow 16

57

552 Francisco Mexican Mexico Male 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Pacheco Apr- ed Beltrán 16 553 Manuel Mexican Mexico Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Santiago May- ed Torres 16 González 554 Elidio Ramos Mexican Mexico Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Zárate Jun- ed 16 555 Zamira Esther Mexican Mexico Femal 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Bautista e Jun- ed 16 556 Salvador Mexican Mexico Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Olmos García Jun- ed 16 557 Pedro Tamayo Mexican Mexico Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Rosas Jul- ed 16 558 Agustin Pavia Mexican Mexico Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Pavia Sep- ed 16 559 Aurelio Mexican Mexico Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Cabrera Sep- ed Campos 16 560 Jesús Adrián Mexican Mexico Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Rodríguez Dec- ed Samaniego 16 500 Cecilio Pineda Mexican Mexico Male 2- No Information Birto Mar- Received So Far 17 501 Ricardo Monlui Mexican Mexico Male 19- No Information Cabrera Mar- Received So Far 17 502 Miroslava Mexican Mexico Femal 23- No Information Breach e Mar- Received So Far Velducea 17 503 Maximino Mexican Mexico Male 14- No Information Rodríguez Apr- Received So Far Palacios 17 504 Filiberto Mexican Mexico Male 29- No Information Álvarez Apr- Received So Far Landeros 17 506 Javier Arturo Mexican Mexico Male 15- No Information Valdez May- Received So Far Cárdenas 17 508 Héctor Mexican Mexico Male 15- No Information Jonathan May- Received So Far Rodríguez 17 513 Salvador Mexican Mexico Male 14- No Information Adame Pardo Jun- Received So Far 17

58

514 Edwin Rivera Honduran Mexico Male 9- No Information Paz Jul- Received So Far 17 520 Luciano Rivera Mexican Mexico Male 21- No Information Salgado Jul- Received So Far 17 521 Cándido Ríos Mexican Mexico Male 22- No Information Vázquez Aug- Received So Far 17 522 Edgar Daniel Mexican Mexico Male 6- No Information Esqueda Oct- Received So Far Castro 17 523 Gumaro Pérez Mexican Mexico Male 19- No Information Aguilando Dec- Received So Far 17 561 Paulo Mozambican Mozambique Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Machava Aug- ed 15 562 Kenji Nagai Japanese Myanmar Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 07 563 Soe Moe Tun Myanmar Myanmar Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Dec- ed 16 564 Wai Yan Heinn Burmese Myanmar Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 17 566 Birendra Shah Nepali Nepal Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 07 567 Pushkar Nepali Nepal Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Bahadur Jan- ed Shrestha 08 565 Uma Singh Nepali Nepal Femal 11- Case resolved e Jan- 09 568 Jamim Shah Nepali Nepal Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 10 569 Arun Nepali Nepal Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Singhaniya Mar- ed 10 570 Devi Prasad Nepali Nepal Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Dhital Jul- ed 10 571 Yadav Poudel Nepali Nepal Male 4- Case resolved Apr- 12 572 Godwin Nigerian Nigeria Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Agbroko Dec- ed 06 573 Paul Abayomi Nigerian Nigeria Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Ogundeji Aug- ed 08

59

574 Bayo Ohu Nigerian Nigeria Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 09 575 Zakariya Isa Nigerian Nigeria Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 11 576 Nansok Sallah Nigerian Nigeria Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 12 577 Enenche Nigerian Nigeria Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Akogwu Jan- ed 12 578 Ikechukwu Nigerian Nigeria Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Udendu Jan- ed 13 579 Famous Nigerian Nigeria Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Giobaro Apr- ed 17 580 Ikechukwu Nigerian Nigeria Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Onubogu Nov- ed 17 587 Munir Ahmed Pakistani Pakistan Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Sangi May- ed 06 581 Hayatullah Pakistani Pakistan Male 16- No Information Khan Jun- Received So Far 06 588 Zubair Ahmed Pakistani Pakistan Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Mujahid Nov- ed 07 589 Abdus Samad Pakistani Pakistan Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Chishti Mujahid Feb- ed 08 590 Mohammed Pakistani Pakistan Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Ibrahim May- ed 08 582 Abdul Razzak Pakistani Pakistan Male 3- Case resolved Johra Nov- 08 583 Qari Pakistani Pakistan Male 8- No Information Mohammad Nov- Received So Far Shoaib 08 594 Raja Assad Pakistani Pakistan Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Hameed Mar- ed 09 584 Sadiq Bacha Pakistani Pakistan Male 14- No Information Khan Aug- Received So Far 09 585 Ashiq Ali Pakistani Pakistan Male 17- No Information Mangi Feb- Received So Far 10 596 Ghulam Pakistani Pakistan Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Rasool May- ed Birhamani 10

60

586 Ejazul Haq Pakistani Pakistan Male 28- No Information May- Received So Far 10 597 Faiz Pakistani Pakistan Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohammad Jun- ed Khan Sasoli 10 598 Misri Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Orakzai Sep- ed 10 599 Mujeebur Pakistani Pakistan Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Rehman Sep- ed Saddiqui 10 600 Abdul Hameed Pakistani Pakistan Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Hayatan Nov- ed 10 591 Abdul Wahab Pakistani Pakistan Male 6- No Information Dec- Received So Far 10 592 Altaf Chandio Pakistani Pakistan Male 6- No Information Dec- Received So Far 10 593 Pervez Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 6- No Information Dec- Received So Far 10 601 Muhammad Pakistani Pakistan Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Khan Sasoli Dec- ed 10 602 Ilyas Nizzar Pakistani Pakistan Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 11 595 Abdost Rind Pakistani Pakistan Male 18- No Information Feb- Received So Far 11 603 Nasrullah Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Afridi May- ed 11 604 Munir Shakar Pakistani Pakistan Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed 11 605 Faisal Qureshi Pakistani Pakistan Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 11 606 Mukarram Pakistani Pakistan Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Khan Aatif Jan- ed 12 607 Murtaza Razvi Pakistani Pakistan Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 12 611 Tariq KAMAL Pakistani Pakistan Male 9- No Information May- Received So Far 12 608 Aurangzeb Pakistani Pakistan Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Tunio May- ed 12

61

609 Abdul Razaq Pakistani Pakistan Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Gul (Razzaq May- ed Gul) 12 610 Abdul Qadir Pakistani Pakistan Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Hajizai May- ed 12 612 Abdul Khaliq Pakistani Pakistan Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv (Abdul Haq Sep- ed Baloch) 12 618 Mushtaq Pakistani Pakistan Male 7- No Information Khand Oct- Received So Far 12 613 Rehmatullah Pakistani Pakistan Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Abid Nov- ed 12 619 Saqib Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 22- No Information Nov- Received So Far 12 614 Mohammad Pakistani Pakistan Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Iqbal Jan- ed 13 615 Imran Shaikh Pakistani Pakistan Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 13 616 Saif-ur- Pakistani Pakistan Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Rehman Jan- ed 13 624 Malik Mumtaz Pakistani Pakistan Male 27- No Information Feb- Received So Far 13 617 Mehmood Jan Pakistani Pakistan Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Afridi Mar- ed 13 626 Ahmed Ali Pakistani Pakistan Male 24- No Information Joiya May- Received So Far 13 627 Haji Abdul Pakistani Pakistan Male 21- No Information Razzaq Baloch Aug- Received So Far 13 628 Ayub Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 12- Case resolved Khattak Oct- 13 629 Zakir Ali (Shan Pakistani Pakistan Male 1- No Information Odhor ) Jan- Received So Far 14 630 Waqas Aziz Pakistani Pakistan Male 17- No Information Khan Jan- Received So Far 14 631 Khalid Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 17- No Information Jan- Received So Far 14 632 Ashraf Arian Pakistani Pakistan Male 17- No Information Jan- Received So Far 14

62

633 Aftab Alam Pakistani Pakistan Male 9- No Information Sep- Received So Far 15 634 Arshad Ali Pakistani Pakistan Male 9- No Information Jaffari Sep- Received So Far 15 620 Zaman Pakistani Pakistan Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Mehsud Nov- ed 15 621 Hafeez Ur Pakistani Pakistan Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Rehman Nov- ed 15 622 Muhammad Pakistani Pakistan Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Umar Jan- ed 16 635 Khurram Zaki Pakistani Pakistan Male 7- No Information May- Received So Far 16 623 Mehmood Pakistani Pakistan Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Khan Aug- ed 16 625 Shehzad Pakistani Pakistan Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Ahmed Aug- ed 16 636 Muhammad Pakistani Pakistan Male 17- No Information Jan Jan- Received So Far 17 637 Taimur Abbas Pakistani Pakistan Male 12- No Information Feb- Received So Far 17 638 Baksheesh Pakistani Pakistan Male 11- No Information Elahi Jun- Received So Far 17 639 Haroon Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 12- No Information Oct- Received So Far 17 640 Suleiman Palestinian Palestine Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdul-Rahim May- ed al-Ashi 07 641 Mohammad Palestinian Palestine Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Matar Abdo May- ed 07 642 Fadel Shanaa Palestinian Palestine Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed - Reported by 08 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 655 Basel Faraj Palestinian Palestine Male 6- No Information Jan- Received So Far 09

63

643 Cevdet Kılıçlar Turkish Palestine Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed - Reported by 10 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 644 Vittorio Arrigoni Italian Palestine Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 11 645 Hossam Palestinian Palestine Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Salameh Nov- ed - Reported by 12 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 646 Mahmoud Al- Palestinian Palestine Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Komi Nov- ed - Reported by 12 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 656 Abu Eish Palestinian Palestine Male 20- No Information (Mohamed Abu Nov- Received So Far Aisha) 12 647 Hamid Shihab Palestinian Palestine Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 648 Khaled Reyadh Palestinian Palestine Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Hamad Jul- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 649 Rami Rayan Palestinian Palestine Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 650 Sameh Al- Palestinian Palestine Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Aryan Jul- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors

64

beyond national jurisdiction 651 Ahed Zaqout Palestinian Palestine Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 652 Mohamed Palestinian Palestine Male 31- Ongoing/Unresolv Daher Jul- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 653 Simone Camilli Italian Palestine Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 654 Ali Shehda Palestinian Palestine Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Abu Afash Aug- ed - Reported by 14 Member State as having been killed by foreign actors beyond national jurisdiction 657 Marcelino Paraguayan Paraguay Male 6- Case resolved Vázquez Feb- 13 660 Carlos Artaza Paraguayan Paraguay Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 13 661 Fausto Gabriel Paraguayan Paraguay Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Alcaraz May- ed 14 662 Edgar Paraguayan Paraguay Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Pantaleón Jun- ed Fernández 14 Fleitas 658 Antonia Paraguayan Paraguay Femal 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Maribel e Oct- ed31 Almada 14 Chamorro 659 Pablo Medina Paraguayan Paraguay Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Velázquez Oct- ed32 14

31 Classification rectified on 26 November 2018. 32 Ibid.

65

663 Julio Castillo Peruvian Peru Male 3- Case resolved Narváez May- 11 664 Pedro Alfonso Peruvian Peru Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Flores Silva Sep- ed 11 665 José Oquendo Peruvian Peru Male 14- Case resolved Reyes Sep- 11 666 Luis Choy Yin Peruvian Peru Male 23- Case resolved Sandoval Feb- 13 667 Donny Buchelli Peruvian Peru Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Cueva Jul- ed 14 668 Fernando Peruvian Peru Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Raymondi Nov- ed - Archived Uribe 14 669 Hernán Peruvian Peru Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Choquepata Nov- ed Ordoñez 16 670 José Feliciano Peruvian Peru Male 27- Case resolved Yactayo Feb- Rodríguez 17 677 Rolly Cañete Filipino Philippines Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 06 678 Graciano Filipino Philippines Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Aquino Jan- ed 06 671 Albert Orsolino Filipino Philippines Male 16- Case resolved May- 06 679 Fernando Filipino Philippines Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv “Dong” Batul May- ed 06 672 Armando Pace Filipino Philippines Male 18- Case resolved Jul- 06 681 Ponciano Filipino Philippines Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Grande Dec- ed 06 682 Fernando Filipino Philippines Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Lintuan Dec- ed 07 683 Robert Sison Filipino Philippines Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 08 673 Martin Roxas Filipino Philippines Male 7- Case resolved Aug- 08 674 Aresio Filipino Philippines Male 17- Case resolved Padrigao Nov- 08

66

675 Ernesto Rollin Filipino Philippines Male 23- Case resolved Feb- 09 676 Jojo Trajano Filipino Philippines Male 3- Case resolved Jun- 09 684 Crispin Perez Filipino Philippines Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 09 685 Godofredo Filipino Philippines Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Linao Jul- ed 09 686 Gina de la Filipino Philippines Femal 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Cruz e Nov- ed 09 687 Lea Dalmacio Filipino Philippines Femal 23- Ongoing/Unresolv e Nov- ed 09 689 Marites Filipino Philippines Femal 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Cablitas e Nov- ed 09 690 Alejandro Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Reblando Nov- ed 09 691 Andres Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Teodoro Nov- ed 09 692 Arturo Betia Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 693 Bataluna Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Rubello Nov- ed 09 694 Benjie Adolfo Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 695 Bienvenido Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Legarte Nov- ed 09 696 Jhoy Duhay Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 697 Fernando Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Razon Nov- ed 09 698 Hannibal Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Cachuela Nov- ed 09 699 Ian Subang Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 700 Joel Parcon Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09

67

701 John Caniban Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 702 Lindo Lupogan Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 703 Napoleon Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Salaysay Nov- ed 09 704 Noel Decina Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 705 Rey Merisco Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 706 Reynaldo Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Momay Nov- ed 09 707 Romeo Jimmy Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Cabillo Nov- ed 09 708 Ronnie Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Perante Nov- ed 09 709 Rosell Morales Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 710 Santos Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Gatchalian Nov- ed 09 711 Ernesto Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Maravilla Nov- ed 09 712 Henry Araneta Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 713 Marife Filipino Philippines Femal 23- Ongoing/Unresolv "Neneng" e Nov- ed Montaño 09 714 Eugene Dohillo Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 715 Mark Gilbert Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Arriola Nov- ed 09 716 Victor Nunez Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 09 680 Desidario Filipino Philippines Male 14- Case resolved Camangyan Jun- 10 717 Joselito Filipino Philippines Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Agustin Jun- ed 10

68

718 Nestor Filipino Philippines Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Bedolido Jun- ed 10 688 Gerardo Filipino Philippines Male 24- Case resolved Ortega Jan- 11 719 Marlina 'Len' Filipino Philippines Femal 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Flores-Sumera e Mar- ed 11 720 Niel Jimena Filipino Philippines Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed 11 721 Roy Bagtikan Filipino Philippines Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Gallego Oct- ed 11 722 Christopher Filipino Philippines Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Guarin Jan- ed - Archived 12 723 Aldion Layao Filipino Philippines Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 12 724 Nestor Libaton Filipino Philippines Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 12 725 Eddie Jesus Filipino Philippines Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Apostol Sep- ed 12 726 Richard Kho Filipino Philippines Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Jul- ed 13 746 Bonifacio Filipino Philippines Male 30- Case resolved Loreto Jr Jul- 13 727 Mario Sy Filipino Philippines Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed 13 728 Fernando Filipino Philippines Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv "Nanding" Aug- ed Solijon 13 729 Vergel Bico Filipino Philippines Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 13 730 Joas Dignos Filipino Philippines Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 13 731 Michael Diaz Filipino Philippines Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Milo Dec- ed 13 732 Rogelio "Tata" Filipino Philippines Male 11- Ongoing/Unresolv Butalib Dec- ed 13 733 Rubylita Garcia Filipino Philippines Femal 6- Ongoing/Unresolv e Apr- ed 14

69

734 Nerlita Filipino Philippines Femal 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Ledesma e Jan- ed 15 735 Maurito Lim Filipino Philippines Male 14- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 15 736 Gregorio Filipino Philippines Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Ybanez Aug- ed 15 737 Teodoro Filipino Philippines Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Escanilla Aug- ed 15 738 Cosme Diez Filipino Philippines Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Maestrado Aug- ed 15 739 José Bernardo Filipino Philippines Male 31- Ongoing/Unresolv Oct- ed 15 740 Elvis Ordaniza Filipino Philippines Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 16 741 Larry Que Filipino Philippines Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Dec- ed 16 742 Joaquin Filippino Philippines Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Briones Mar- ed 17 743 Rudy Alicaway Philipino Philippines Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed 17 744 Leo Diaz Philipino Philippines Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed 17 745 Christopher Philipino Philippines Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Iban Lozada Oct- ed 17 747 Lukasz Masiak Polish Poland Male 14- Case resolved Jun- 15 759 Ilya Zimin Russian Russian Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Federation Feb- ed 06 748 Yevgeny Russian Russian Male 26- Case resolved Gerasimenko Federation Jul- 06 749 Anna Russian Russian Femal 7- Case resolved Politkovskaya Federation e Oct- 06 750 Ilyas Russian Russian Male 21- Case resolved Shurpayev Federation Mar- 08 760 Gadzhi Russian Russian Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Abashilov Federation Mar- ed 08

70

751 Magomet Russian Russian Male 31- Case resolved Yevloev Federation Aug- 08 752 Abdullah Russian Russian Male 3- Case resolved Alishaev Federation Sep- 08 753 Anastasia Russian Russian Femal 19- Case resolved Baburova Federation e Jan- 09 761 Shafiq Russian Russian Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Amrakhov Federation Jan- ed 09 754 Malik Russian Russian Male 11- Case resolved Akhmedilov Federation Aug- 09 762 Shamil Aliyev Russian Russian Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Federation May- ed 10 755 Sayid Russian Russian Male 13- Case resolved Ibragimov Federation May- 10 756 Magomedvagif Russian/Dagesta Russian Male 11- Case resolved Sultanmagome nian Federation Aug- dov 10 757 Yakhya Russian/Dagesta Russian Male 8- Case resolved Magomedov nian Federation May- 11 763 Hadzhimurad Russian Russian Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Kamalov Federation Dec- ed 11 758 Kazbek Russian Russian Male 5- Case resolved Gekkiyev Federation Dec- 12 764 Mikhail Russian Russian Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Beketov Federation Apr- ed 13 765 Akhmednabi Russian Russian Male 9- Ongoing/Unresolv Akhmednabiye Federation Jul- ed v 13 766 Timur Kuashev Russian Russian Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Federation Aug- ed 14 768 Nikolay Russian Russian Male 19- Case resolved Andrushchenk Federation Apr- o 17 767 Dmitry Popkov Russian Russian Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Federation May- ed 17 769 Jean-Léonard Rwandan Rwanda Male 24- Case resolved Rugambage Jun- 10 770 Luka Popov Serbian Serbia Male 16- Case resolved Jun- 16

71

771 Martin Adler Swedish Somalia Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 06 772 Mohammed Somali Somalia Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdullahi May- ed Khalif 07 773 Abshir Ali Somali Somalia Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Gabre May- ed 07 774 Ahmed Hassan Somali Somalia Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Mahad May- ed 07 815 Ali Iman Somali Somalia Male 11- Case resolved Sharmarke Aug- 07 816 Mahad Ahmed Somali Somalia Male 11- Case resolved Elmi Aug- 07 775 Abdulkadir Somali Somalia Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Mahad Moallim Aug- ed Kaskey 07 776 Bashir Nor Somali Somalia Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Gedi Oct- ed 07 777 Hassan Kafi Somali Somalia Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Hared Jan- ed 08 778 Nasteh Dahir Somali Somalia Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Farah Jun- ed 08 817 Said Tahlil Somali Somalia Male 4- Case resolved Ahmed Feb- 09 779 Abdirisak Somali Somalia Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Warsameh May- ed Mohamed 09 780 Nur Muse Somali Somalia Male 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Hussein May- ed 09 818 Muktar Somali Somalia Male 7- Case resolved Mohamed Jun- Hirabe 09 781 Abdulkhafar Somali Somalia Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdulkadir Dec- ed (aka Yasser 09 Mario) 782 Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Amin Adan Dec- ed Abdulle 09 783 Hassan Zubeyr Somali Somalia Male 3- Ongoing/Unresolv Haji Hassan Dec- ed 09

72

819 Sheikh Nur Somali Somalia Male 4- Case resolved Mohamed May- Abkey 10 784 Barkhad Awale Somali Somalia Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Adan Aug- ed 10 785 Abdisalam Somali Somalia Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Sheikh Hassan Dec- ed 11 786 Hassan Somali Somalia Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Osman Abdi Jan- ed 12 787 Abukar Hassan Somali Somalia Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohamoud Feb- ed 12 788 Ali Ahmed Abdi Somali Somalia Male 4- Ongoing/Unresolv Mar- ed 12 789 Mahad Salad Somali Somalia Male 5- Ongoing/Unresolv Adan Apr- ed 12 790 Farhan James Somali Somalia Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdulle May- ed 12 791 Ahmed Addow Somali Somalia Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Anshur May- ed 12 792 Abdi Jaylani Somali Somalia Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Malaq Aug- ed 12 793 Mohamud Ali Somali Somalia Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Keyre Aug- ed "Buneyste" 12 794 Zakariye Somali Somalia Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohamed Sep- ed Mohamud 12 Moallim 795 Abdirahman Somali Somalia Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Yasin Ali Sep- ed 12 796 Abdisatar Somali Somalia Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Daher Sabriye Sep- ed 12 797 Liban Ali Nur Somali Somalia Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 12 820 Hassan Yusuf Somali Somalia Male 21- Case resolved Absuge Sep- 12 798 Abdirahman Somali Somalia Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohamed Ali Sep- ed 12

73

799 Ahmed Somali Somalia Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdulahi Farah Sep- ed 12 800 Ahmed Farah Somali Somalia Male 23- Ongoing/Unresolv Ilyas Oct- ed 12 801 Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohamud Oct- ed Tuuryare 12 802 Warsame Somali Somalia Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Shire Awale Oct- ed 12 803 Abdihared Somali Somalia Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Osman Adan Jan- ed 13 804 Mohammed Ali Somali Somalia Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Nuxurkey Mar- ed 13 805 Rahmo Somali Somalia Femal 25- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdukadir e Mar- ed 13 821 Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 21- Case resolved Ibrahim Rageh Apr- 13 806 Libaan Somali Somalia Male 7- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdullahi Jul- ed Farah 13 807 Ahmed Sharif Somali Somalia Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Ahmed Aug- ed 13 822 Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 26- Case resolved Mohamud Oct- 13 808 Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Omar Apr- ed Mohamed aka 14 Amaar 809 Yusuf Ahmed Somali Somalia Male 21- Ongoing/Unresolv Abukar Keynan Jun- ed 14 810 Abdirisak Ali Somali Somalia Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdi Nov- ed 14 811 Daud Ali Omar Somali Somalia Male 29- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 15 812 Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 26- Ongoing/Unresolv Abdikarim Jul- ed Moallim Adam 15 813 Abdullahi Ali Somali Somalia Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Hussein Sep- ed 15

74

814 Mustaf Abdi Somali Somalia Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Noor Nov- ed 15 823 Hindiya Haji Somali Somalia Femal 3- Case resolved Mohamed e Dec- 15 824 Sagal Salad Somali Somalia Femal 5- No Information Osman e Jun- Received So Far 16 825 Abdiaziz Somalian Somalia Male 27- No Information Mohamed Ali Sep- Received So Far 16 826 Mahad Ali Somalian Somalia Male 6- No Information Mohamed Nov- Received So Far 16 827 Abdullahi Somali Somalia Male 13- No Information Osman Sep- Received So Far Moallim 17 828 Ali Nur Siad- Somali Somalia Male 14- No Information Ahmed Oct- Received So Far 17 829 Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 11- No Information Ibrahim Gabow Dec- Received So Far 17 830 Michael Tshele South African Male 13- Case resolved Jan- 14 831 Isaiah Diing South Sudanese South Male 5- No Information Abraham Chan Sudan Dec- Received So Far Awol 12 832 Dalia Marko South Sudanese South Femal 25- No Information Sudan e Jan- Received So Far 15 833 Randa George South Sudanese South Femal 25- No Information Adam Sudan e Jan- Received So Far 15 834 Adam Juma South Sudanese South Male 25- No Information Adam Sudan Jan- Received So Far 15 835 Musa South Sudanese South Male 25- No Information Mohammed Sudan Jan- Received So Far Dahiyah 15 836 Butrus Martin South Sudanese South Male 25- No Information Khamis Sudan Jan- Received So Far 15 837 Pow James South Sudanese South Male 20- No Information Raeth (aka Sudan May- Received So Far Puok James) 15 838 Peter Moi South Sudanese South Male 19- No Information Julius Sudan Aug- Received So Far 15 839 Isaac Vuni South Sudanese South Male 26- No Information Sudan Sep- Received So Far 16

75

840 Christopher US South Male 26- No Information Allen Sudan Aug- Received So Far 17 841 Bastian Sri Lankan Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv George May- ed Sagayathas 06 (Suresh) 842 Rajaratnam Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Male 2- Ongoing/Unresolv Ranjith May- ed 06 843 Sampath Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Male 1- Ongoing/Unresolv Lakmal de Jul- ed Silva 06 844 Sinnathamby Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Sivamaharajah Aug- ed 06 845 Isaivizhi Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Femal 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Chempiyan e Nov- ed 07 846 Suresh Linbiyo Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Nov- ed 07 847 T. Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Male 27- Ongoing/Unresolv Tharmalingam Nov- ed 07 848 Rashmi Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Mohamed Oct- ed 08 849 Lasantha Sri Lankan Sri Lanka Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Wickrematung Jan- ed a 09 850 Mohammed Sudanese Sudan Male 5- Case resolved Taha Sep- Mohammed 06 Ahmed 851 Ferzat Jarban Syrian Syrian Arab Male 20- No Information Republic Nov- Received So Far 11 852 Shoukri Ahmed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 2- No Information Ratib Abu Republic Jan- Received So Far Bourghoul 12 853 Gilles Jacquier French Syrian Arab Male 11- No Information Republic Jan- Received So Far 12 854 Mazhar Syrian Syrian Arab Male 7- No Information Tayyara Republic Feb- Received So Far 12 855 Rami al-Sayed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 21- No Information Republic Feb- Received So Far 12 856 Remi Ochlik French Syrian Arab Male 22- Ongoing/Unresolv Republic Feb- ed 12

76

857 Marie Colvin American Syrian Arab Femal 22- No Information Republic e Feb- Received So Far 12 858 Anas al-Tarsha Syrian Syrian Arab Male 24- No Information Republic Feb- Received So Far 12 859 Walid Bledi British/Algerian Syrian Arab Male 26- No Information Republic Mar- Received So Far 12 860 Naseem Intriri French/Algerian Syrian Arab Male 26- No Information Republic Mar- Received So Far 12 861 Jawan Syrian Syrian Arab Male 26- No Information Mohammed Republic Mar- Received So Far Qatna 12 862 Sameer Syrian Syrian Arab Male 14- No Information Shalab al- Republic Apr- Received So Far Sham 12 863 Ahmed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 14- No Information Abdollah Republic Apr- Received So Far Fakhriyeh 12 864 Alaa Al-Din Syrian Syrian Arab Male 17- No Information Hassan Al- Republic Apr- Received So Far Douri 12 865 Khaled Syrian Syrian Arab Male 17- No Information Mahmoud Republic Apr- Received So Far Kabbisho 12 866 Abdul Ghani Syrian Syrian Arab Male 4- No Information Kaakeh Republic May- Received So Far 12 867 Ahmed Adnan Syrian Syrian Arab Male 27- No Information al-Ashlaq Republic May- Received So Far 12 868 Ammar Syrian Syrian Arab Male 27- No Information Mohamed Republic May- Received So Far Suhail Zado 12 869 Lawrence Syrian Syrian Arab Male 27- No Information Fahmy al- Republic May- Received So Far Naimi 12 870 Ahmed al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 28- No Information Assam Republic May- Received So Far 12 871 Bassel al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 28- No Information Shahade Republic May- Received So Far 12 872 Khaled Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 10- No Information Bakir Republic Jun- Received So Far 12 873 Ahmed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 16- No Information Hamada Republic Jun- Received So Far 12 874 Omar Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 21- No Information Ghantawi Republic Jun- Received So Far 12

77

875 Ghias Khaled Syrian Syrian Arab Male 25- No Information Al Hmouria Republic Jun- Received So Far 12 876 Samer Khalil Syrian Syrian Arab Male 28- No Information Al-Sataleh Republic Jun- Received So Far 12 877 Mohamed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 2- No Information Hamdo Hallaq Republic Jul- Received So Far 12 878 Suhaib Dib Syrian Syrian Arab Male 4- No Information Republic Jul- Received So Far 12 879 Mika Japanese Syrian Arab Femal 21- No Information Yamamoto Republic e Aug- Received So Far 12 880 Musab Syrian Syrian Arab Male 22- No Information Mohamed Said Republic Aug- Received So Far Al-Oudaallah 12 881 Abdelkarim Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 19- No Information Oqda Republic Sep- Received So Far (Abdelkareem 12 Al’uqda) 882 Maya Nasser Syrian Syrian Arab Male 26- No Information Republic Sep- Received So Far 12 883 Mohammed al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 10- No Information Ashram Republic Oct- Received So Far 12 884 Ayham Syrian Syrian Arab Male 9- No Information Mostafa Republic Nov- Received So Far Ghazzoul 12 885 Abed Khalil Syrian Syrian Arab Male 16- No Information (Abdel Khalil) Republic Nov- Received So Far 12 886 Mustafa Syrian Syrian Arab Male 16- No Information Kerman Republic Nov- Received So Far 12 887 Abdullah Syrian Syrian Arab Male 17- No Information Hassan Kaake Republic Nov- Received So Far 12 888 Mohammed Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 18- No Information Khalid Republic Nov- Received So Far 12 889 Mohammad Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 19- No Information Zaher Republic Nov- Received So Far 12 890 Hozan Abdel Syrian Syrian Arab Male 20- No Information Halim Republic Nov- Received So Far Mahmoud 12 891 Bassel Tawfiq Syrian Syrian Arab Male 21- No Information Youssef Republic Nov- Received So Far 12

78

892 Naji Assaad Syrian Syrian Arab Male 4- No Information Republic Dec- Received So Far 12 893 Haidar al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 22- No Information Sumudi Republic Dec- Received So Far 12 894 Suhail Syrian Syrian Arab Male 4- No Information Mahmoud Al- Republic Jan- Received So Far Ali 13 895 Yves Debay French (Belgian) Syrian Arab Male 17- No Information Republic Jan- Received So Far 13 896 Mohamed Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 18- No Information Massalma Republic Jan- Received So Far 13 897 Olivier Voisin French Syrian Arab Male 24- No Information Republic Feb- Received So Far 13 898 Yara Abbas Syrian Syrian Arab Femal 27- No Information Republic e May- Received So Far 13 899 Yasser Faisal Iraqi Syrian Arab Male 4- No Information al-Joumaili Republic Dec- Received So Far 13 900 Turad Syrian Syrian Arab Male 20- No Information Mohamed al- Republic Feb- Received So Far Zahouri 14 901 Omar Abdul Syrian Syrian Arab Male 8- No Information Qader Republic Mar- Received So Far 14 902 Ali Moustafa Canadian Syrian Arab Male 9- No Information Republic Mar- Received So Far 14 903 Hamza Al-Hajj Lebanese Syrian Arab Male 14- No Information Hassan Republic Apr- Received So Far 14 904 Mohamed Lebanese Syrian Arab Male 14- No Information Muntich Republic Apr- Received So Far 14 905 Halim Alouh Lebanese Syrian Arab Male 14- No Information Republic Apr- Received So Far 14 906 Mouaz Alomar Syrian Syrian Arab Male 25- No Information (also known as Republic Apr- Received So Far Abu Mehdi Al 14 Hamwi) 907 Al-Moutaz Syrian Syrian Arab Male 4- No Information Bellah Ibrahim Republic May- Received So Far 14 908 Ahmed Hasan Syrian Syrian Arab Male 20- No Information Ahmed Republic Jun- Received So Far 14

79

909 James Foley American Syrian Arab Male 19- No Information Republic Aug- Received So Far 14 910 Steven Sotloff American Syrian Arab Male 2- No Information Republic Sep- Received So Far 14 911 Mohammed al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 10- No Information Qasim Republic Sep- Received So Far 14 912 Youssef Syrian Syrian Arab Male 8- No Information Mahmoud El- Republic Dec- Received So Far Dous 14 913 Rami Adel Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 8- No Information Asmi Republic Dec- Received So Far 14 914 Salem Abdul- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 8- No Information Rahman Khalil Republic Dec- Received So Far 14 915 Mahran al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 10- No Information Deeri Republic Dec- Received So Far 14 916 Fayez Abu Syrian Syrian Arab Male 2- No Information Halawa Republic Jan- Received So Far 15 917 Kenji Goto Japanese Syrian Arab Male 31- No Information Republic Jan- Received So Far 15 918 Noureddine Syrian Syrian Arab Male 8- No Information Hashim Republic Mar- Received So Far 15 919 Jamal Khalifeh Syrian Syrian Arab Male 1- No Information Republic Apr- Received So Far 15 920 Humam Najjar Syrian Syrian Arab Male 16- No Information (also known as Republic Apr- Received So Far Abu Yazan al- 15 Halabi) 921 Ammar al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 31- No Information Shami Republic May- Received So Far 15 922 Mohamed al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 26- No Information Asfar Republic Jun- Received So Far 15 923 Ruqia Hassan Syrian Syrian Arab Femal 1- No Information Republic e Sep- Received So Far 15 924 Wasem Aledel Syrian Syrian Arab Male 23- No Information Republic Oct- Received So Far 15 925 Jomaa Al- Syrian Syrian Arab Male 27- No Information Ahmad Abu Republic Oct- Received So Far Nour 15

80

926 Bassel Syrian Syrian Arab Male 1- No Information Khartabil Republic Nov- Received So Far Safadi 15 927 Batoul Mokhles Syrian Syrian Arab Femal 3- No Information al-Warrar Republic e Nov- Received So Far 15 928 Zakaria Syrian Syrian Arab Male 7- No Information Ibrahim Republic Dec- Received So Far 15 929 Ahmad Syrian Syrian Arab Male 16- No Information Mohamed al- Republic Dec- Received So Far Mousa 15 930 Majid Dirani Syrian Syrian Arab Male 19- No Information Republic Feb- Received So Far 16 931 Osama Jumaa Syrian Syrian Arab Male 5- No Information Republic Jun- Received So Far 16 932 Khalid al Issa Syrian Syrian Arab Male 16- No Information Republic Jun- Received So Far 16 933 Ibrahim Omar Syrian Syrian Arab Male 11- No Information Republic Jul- Received So Far 16 934 Mustafa Syrian Syrian Arab Male 13- No Information Mohammed Republic Jul- Received So Far 16 935 Abdullah Syrian Syrian Arab Male 14- No Information Mohammad Republic Jul- Received So Far Ghannam 16 936 Mohammed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 1- No Information Sayyed Republic Aug- Received So Far Hassan 16 937 Mohsen Iranian Syrian Arab Male 12- No Information Khazaei Republic Nov- Received So Far 16 938 Mohamed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 12- No Information Abazied Republic Mar- Received So Far 17 939 Alaa Kraym Syrian Syrian Arab Male 4- No Information Republic May- Received So Far 17 940 Khaled Syrian Syrian Arab Male 30- No Information Alkhateb Republic Jul- Received So Far 17 941 Osama Nasr Syrian Syrian Arab Male 21- No Information al-Zoabi Republic Aug- Received So Far 17 942 Dilshan Ibash Syrian Syrian Arab Femal 12- No Information Republic e Oct- Received So Far 17 943 Hawker Faisal Syrian Syrian Arab Male 13- No Information Mohammed Republic Oct- Received So Far 17

81

944 Quays al-Qadi Syrian Syrian Arab Male 29- No Information Republic Oct- Received So Far 17 947 Jaruek Thai Male 27- No Information Rangcharoen Sep- Received So Far 08 948 Wallop Thai Thailand Male 5- No Information Bounsampop Oct- Received So Far 08 945 Hiroyuki Japanese Thailand Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Muramoto Apr- ed 10 946 Fabio Polenghi Italian Thailand Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 10 949 Wisut Thai Thailand Male 12- No Information Tangwitthayap Jan- Received So Far orn 12 950 Lucas Mebrouk French Tunisia Male 17- Case resolved Dolega Jan- 11 952 Hrant Dink Turk Turkey Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Jan- ed 07 953 Cihan Turk Turkey Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Hayirsevener Dec- ed 09 954 Ibrahim Abdel Syrian Turkey Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Qader Oct- ed 15 955 Fares Syrian Turkey Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Hammadi Oct- ed 15 951 Naji Jerf Syrian Turkey Male 27- Case resolved Dec- 15 956 Rohat Aktas Turkish Turkey Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Feb- ed 16 959 Zaher al- Syrian Turkey Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Shurqat Apr- ed 16 960 Mustafa Turkish Turkey Male 15- Ongoing/Unresolv Cambaz Jul- ed 16 961 Saeed Iranian Turkey Male 18- Ongoing/Unresolv Karimian May- ed 17 957 Orouba Syrian Turkey Femal 22- Case resolved Barakat e Sep- 17 958 Hala Barakat Syrian Turkey Femal 23- Case resolved e Sep- 17

82

962 Ogulsapar Turkmen Turkmenista Femal 14- Case resolved Muradova n e Sep- 06 963 Paul Kiggundu Ugandan Uganda Male 10- Ongoing/Unresolv Sep- ed 10 964 Dickson Ugandan Uganda Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Ssentongo Sep- ed 10 965 Amon Thembo Ugandan Uganda Male 12- Ongoing/Unresolv Wa'Mupaghas May- ed ya 12 966 Thomas Pere Ugandan Uganda Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 13 967 Vyacheslav Ukrainian Ukraine Male 19- Ongoing/Unresolv Veremyi Feb- ed 14 968 Andrea Italian Ukraine Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv Rocchelli May- ed 14 969 Andrei Mironov Russian Ukraine Male 24- Ongoing/Unresolv May- ed 14 970 Igor Kornelyuk Russian Ukraine Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 14 971 Anton Voloshin Russian Ukraine Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 14 972 Anatoli Klian Russian Ukraine Male 30- Ongoing/Unresolv Jun- ed 14 973 Andrei Stenin Russian Ukraine Male 6- Ongoing/Unresolv Aug- ed 14 974 Sergii Ukrainian Ukraine Male 28- Ongoing/Unresolv Nikolaiev Feb- ed 15 975 Oles Buzina Ukrainian Ukraine Male 16- Ongoing/Unresolv Apr- ed 15 976 Pavel Russian Ukraine Male 20- Ongoing/Unresolv Sheremet (Belarussian Jul- ed origin) 16 978 Daudi Tanzanian United Male 2- Case resolved Mwangosi Republic of Sep- Tanzania 12 977 Issa Ngumba Tanzanian United Male 8- Ongoing/Unresolv Republic of Jan- ed Tanzania 13 979 Jacinto American United Male 13- Ongoing/Unresolv Hernández States of Jun- ed Torres America 16

83

980 Jesús Flores Venezuelan Venezuela Male 23- Case resolved Rojas (Bolivarian Aug- Republic of) 06 981 Orel Sambrano Venezuelan Venezuela Male 16- Case resolved (Bolivarian Jan- Republic of) 09 982 Wilfred Iván Venezuelan Venezuela Male 17- Ongoing/Unresolv Ojeda (Bolivarian May- ed Republic of) 11 983 Le Hoang Vietnamese Viet Nam Male 29- Case resolved Hung Jan- 11 984 Jamal Ahmed Yemeni Yemen Male 18- No Information al-Sharabi Mar- Received So Far 11 985 Abdel Majid Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 3- No Information Samawi Oct- Received So Far 11 986 Abdel Hakim Yemeni Yemen Male 4- No Information Al-Nour Oct- Received So Far 11 987 Abdul Rahman Yemeni Yemen Male 16- No Information Hamid al-Din Aug- Received So Far 14 988 Luke Somers USA Yemen Male 6- No Information Dec- Received So Far 14 989 Khaled al- Yemeni Yemen Male 4- No Information Washli Jan- Received So Far 15 990 Abdul Karim Yemeni Yemen Male 18- No Information Mohammed al- Mar- Received So Far Khaiwani 15 991 Mohammed Yemeni Yemen Male 20- No Information Rajah Apr- Received So Far Shamsan 15 992 Monir Aklan Yemeni Yemen Male 20- No Information Apr- Received So Far 15 993 Amin Yehia Yemeni Yemen Male 20- No Information Apr- Received So Far 15 994 Hazzam Yemeni Yemen Male 20- No Information Mohamed Zeid Apr- Received So Far 15 995 Abdullah Kabil Yemeni Yemen Male 20- No Information May- Received So Far 15 996 Yousef Alaizry Yemeni Yemen Male 20- No Information May- Received So Far 15 997 Almigdad Yemeni Yemen Male 17- No Information Mojalli Jan- Received So Far 16

84

998 Hashem Al Yemeni Yemen Male 22- No Information Hamran Jan- Received So Far 16 999 Munir al- Yemeni Yemen Male 9- No Information Hakimi Feb- Received So Far 16 100 Suad Hujaira Yemeni Yemen Femal 9- No Information 0 e Feb- Received So Far 16 100 Ahmed Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 16- No Information 1 Shaibani Feb- Received So Far 16 100 Mohammed al- Yemeni Yemen Male 21- No Information 2 Yemeni Mar- Received So Far 16 100 Abullah Azizan Yemeni Yemen Male 29- No Information 3 May- Received So Far 16 100 Abdulkarim Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 22- No Information 4 Jerbani Jul- Received So Far 16 100 Mubarak Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 5- No Information 5 Abadi Aug- Received So Far 16 100 Awab Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 18- No Information 6 Zubairi Nov- Received So Far 16 100 Mohammed al- Yemeni Yemen Male 21- No Information 7 Absi Dec- Received So Far 16 100 Taqi Al-Din Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 26- No Information 8 Huthaifi May- Received So Far 17 100 Wael Al-Absi Yemeni Yemen Male 26- No Information 9 May- Received So Far 17 101 Sa’ad Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 26- No Information 0 Nadhari May- Received So Far 17

Annex C: List of killings of journalists condemned by the Director General in 2016 and 2017

85

Killings of journalists condemned by the Director-General of UNESCO in 2016

N° Name Nationality Country in Sex Date which killed Killed 1 Hassan al-Anbaki Iraqi Iraq Male 12-Jan-16 2 Saif Talal Iraqi Iraq Male 12-Jan-16 3 Muhammad Umar Pakistani Pakistan Male 16-Jan-16 4 Almigdad Mojalli Yemeni Yemen Male 17-Jan-16 5 Leïla Alaoui French- Burkina Faso Femal 18-Jan-16 Moroccan e 6 Mariam Ibrahimi Afghan Afghanistan Femal 20-Jan-16 e 7 Mehri Azizi Afghan Afghanistan Femal 20-Jan-16 e 8 Mohammad Ali Afghan Afghanistan Male 20-Jan-16 Mohammadi 9 Mohammad Hussain Afghan Afghanistan Male 20-Jan-16 Amini 10 Mohammad Hussain Afghan Afghanistan Male 20-Jan-16 Khaksar 11 Mohammad Jawad Afghan Afghanistan Male 20-Jan-16 Hussaini 12 Zainab Mirzaee Afghan Afghanistan Femal 20-Jan-16 e 13 Marcos Hernández Mexican Mexico Male 21-Jan-16 Bautista 14 Reinel Martinez Mexican Mexico Male 22-Jan-16 Cerqueda 15 Hashem Al Hamran Yemeni Yemen Male 22-Jan-16 16 Haji Mohammad Afghan Afghanistan Male 29-Jan-16 Zubair Khaksar 17 El Hadj Mohamed Guinean Guinea Male 5-Feb-16 Diallo 18 Marlon David Honduran Honduras Male 6-Feb-16 Martínez Caballero 19 Anabel Flores Mexican Mexico Femal 8-Feb-16 Salazar e 20 Munir al-Hakimi Yemeni Yemen Male 9-Feb-16 21 Suad Hujaira Yemeni Yemen Femal 9-Feb-16 e 22 Karun Misra Indian India Male 13-Feb-16 23 Elvis Ordaniza Filipino Philippines Male 16-Feb-16 24 Ahmed Al-Shaibani Yemeni Yemen Male 16-Feb-16 25 Majid Dirani Syrian Syrian Arab Male 19-Feb-16 Republic 26 Moisés Dagdug Mexican Mexico Male 20-Feb-16 Lutzow 27 Rohat Aktas Turkish Turkey Male 24-Feb-16 28 João Valdecir de Brazilian Brazil Male 10-Mar-16 Borba 29 Nicolás Humberto El Salvadoran El Salvador Male 10-Mar-16 García

86

30 Mario Roberto Guatemalan Guatemala Male 17-Mar-16 Salazar Barahona 31 Mohammed al- Yemeni Yemen Male 21-Mar-16 Yemeni 32 Nazimuddin Samad Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 6-Apr-16 33 Winston Leonardo Guatemalan Guatemala Male 8-Apr-16 Cano Túnchez 34 Manoel Messias Brazilian Brazil Male 9-Apr-16 Pereira 35 Zaher al-Shurqat Syrian Turkey Male 10-Apr-16 36 Xulhaz Mannan Bengali Bangladesh Male 25-Apr-16 37 Francisco Pacheco Mexican Mexico Male 25-Apr-16 Beltrán 38 Diego Salomón Guatemalan Guatemala Male 30-Apr-16 Esteban Gaspar 39 David Gilkey American Afghanistan Male 5-May-16 40 Khurram Zaki Pakistani Pakistan Male 7-May-16 41 Akhilesh Pratap Indian India Male 12-May-16 Singh 42 Rajdev Ranjan Indian India Male 13-May-16 43 Manuel Santiago Mexican Mexico Male 14-May-16 Torres González 44 Abullah Azizan Yemeni Yemen Male 29-May-16 45 Zabihullah Tamanna Afghan Afghanistan Male 5-Jun-16 46 Sagal Salad Osman Somali Somalia Femal 5-Jun-16 e 47 Osama Jumaa Syrian Syrian Arab Male 5-Jun-16 Republic 48 Víctor Hugo Valdez Guatemalan Guatemala Male 7-Jun-16 Cardona 49 Jacinto Hernández American United States of Male 13-Jun-16 Torres America 50 Luka Popov Serbian Serbia Male 16-Jun-16 51 Khalid al Issa Syrian Syrian Arab Male 16-Jun-16 Republic 52 Elidio Ramos Zárate Mexican Mexico Male 19-Jun-16 53 Zamira Esther Mexican Mexico Femal 20-Jun-16 Bautista e 54 Khaled al-Zintani Libyan Libya Male 24-Jun-16 55 Álvaro Alfredo Guatemalan Guatemala Male 25-Jun-16 Aceituno López 56 Salvador Olmos Mexican Mexico Male 26-Jun-16 García 57 Ibrahim Omar Syrian Syrian Arab Male 11-Jul-16 Republic 58 Ali Mahmud Iraqi Iraq Male 13-Jul-16 59 Mustafa Mohammed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 13-Jul-16 Republic 60 Abdullah Syrian Syrian Arab Male 14-Jul-16 Mohammad Republic Ghannam

87

61 Mustafa Cambaz Turkish Turkey Male 15-Jul-16 62 Pedro Tamayo Mexican Mexico Male 20-Jul-16 Rosas 63 Pavel Sheremet Russian Ukraine Male 20-Jul-16 (Belarussian origin) 64 Abdelqadir Fassouk Libyan Libya Male 21-Jul-16 65 Abdulkarim Al- Yemeni Yemen Male 22-Jul-16 Jerbani 66 João Miranda do Brazilian Brazil Male 24-Jul-16 Carmo 67 Mohammed Sayyed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 1-Aug-16 Hassan Republic 68 Mubarak Al-Abadi Yemeni Yemen Male 5-Aug-16 69 Mehmood Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 8-Aug-16 70 Shehzad Ahmed Pakistani Pakistan Male 8-Aug-16 71 Widad Hussein Ali Iraqi Iraq Male 13-Aug-16 72 Mustafa Saeed Iraqi Iraq Male 14-Aug-16 73 Mauricio Campos Brazilian Brazil Male 17-Aug-16 Rosa 74 Ali Ghani Iraqi Iraq Male 20-Aug-16 75 Kishore Dave Indian India Male 22-Aug-16 76 Felipe David Guatemalan Guatemala Male 4-Sep-16 Munguía Jiménez 77 Agustin Pavia Pavia Mexican Mexico Male 13-Sep-16 78 Aurelio Cabrera Mexican Mexico Male 14-Sep-16 Campos 79 Nahed Hattar Jordanian Jordan Male 25-Sep-16 80 Isaac Vuni South Sudanese South Sudan Male 26-Sep-16 81 Abdiaziz Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 27-Sep-16 Ali 82 Jeroen Oerlemans Dutch Libya Male 2-Oct-16 83 Yaqoub Sharafat Afghan Afghanistan Male 16-Oct-16 84 Jairo de Oliveira Brazilian Brazil Male 16-Oct-16 Silva 85 Ahmet Haceroğlu Iraqi Iraq Male 21-Oct-16 86 Ali Resan Iraqi Iraq Male 22-Oct-16 87 Nematullah Zahir Afghan Afghanistan Male 4-Nov-16 88 Hamilton Hernández Guatemalan Guatemala Male 5-Nov-16 Vásquez 89 Mahad Ali Mohamed Somali Somalia Male 6-Nov-16 90 Dharmendra Singh Indian India Male 12-Nov-16 91 Mohsen Khazaei Iranian Syrian Arab Male 12-Nov-16 Republic 92 Marcel Lubala Congolese Democratic Male 14-Nov-16 Republic of the Congo 93 Awab Al-Zubairi Yemeni Yemen Male 18-Nov-16 94 Hernán Choquepata Peruvian Peru Male 20-Nov-16 Ordoñez

88

95 Anne Vihavainen Finnish Finland Femal 4-Dec-16 e 96 Katri Ikävalko Finnish Finland Femal 4-Dec-16 e 97 Mohammed Thabet Iraqi Iraq Male 6-Dec-16 al-Obeidi 98 Jesús Adrián Mexican Mexico Male 10-Dec-16 Rodríguez Samaniego 99 Soe Moe Tun Myanmar Myanmar Male 13-Dec-16 100 Mohammad Nasir Afghan Afghanistan Male 15-Dec-16 Mudasir 101 Larry Que Filipino Philippines Male 20-Dec-16 102 Mohammed al-Absi Yemeni Yemen Male 21-Dec-16

Killings of journalists condemned by the Director-General of UNESCO in 2017

N° Name Nationality Country in Sex Date which killed Killed 1 Farida Mustakhdim Afghan Afghanistan Femal 10-Jan-17 e 2 Noorullah Afghan Afghanistan Male 10-Jan-17 3 Igor Padilla Honduran Honduras Male 17-Jan-17 4 Muhammad Jan Pakistani Pakistan Male 17-Jan-17 5 Manuel Salvador Villagrán Guatemalan Guatemala Male 19-Jan-17 Trujillo 6 Abdul Hakim Shimul Bangladeshi Bangladesh Male 3-Feb-17 7 Taimur Abbas Pakistani Pakistan Male 12-Feb-17 8 Luis Manuel Medina Dominican Dominican Male 14-Feb-17 Republic 9 Leónidas Martínez Dominican Dominican Male 14-Feb-17 Republic 10 Shifa Zikri Ibrahim (aka Shifa Iraqi / Iraq Femal 25-Feb-17 Gardi) Kurdish e 11 José Feliciano Yactayo Peruvian Peru Male 27-Feb-17 Rodríguez 12 Cecilio Pineda Birto Mexican Mexico Male 2-Mar-17 13 Mohamed Abazied Syrian Syrian Arab Male 12-Mar-17 Republic 14 Joaquin Briones Filippino Philippines Male 13-Mar-17 15 Ricardo Monlui Cabrera Mexican Mexico Male 19-Mar-17 16 Miroslava Breach Velducea Mexican Mexico Femal 23-Mar-17 e 17 Maximino Rodríguez Mexican Mexico Male 14-Apr-17 Palacios 18 Wai Yan Heinn Burmese Myanmar Male 16-Apr-17 19 Famous Giobaro Nigerian Nigeria Male 16-Apr-17 20 Nikolay Andrushchenko Russian Russian Male 19-Apr-17 Federation

89

21 Yameen Rasheed Maldivian Maldives Male 23-Apr-17 22 Filiberto Álvarez Landeros Mexican Mexico Male 29-Apr-17 23 Alaa Kraym Syrian Syrian Arab Male 4-May-17 Republic 24 Javier Arturo Valdez Mexican Mexico Male 15-May- Cárdenas 17 25 Héctor Jonathan Rodríguez Mexican Mexico Male 15-May- 17 26 Mollakhil Zeinolah Khan Afghan Afghanistan Male 17-May- 17 27 Ghani Naghdi Afghan Afghanistan Male 17-May- 17 28 Shinwari Momhammad Amir Afghan Afghanistan Male 17-May- Khan 17 29 AmiriI Abdollatif Afghan Afghanistan Male 17-May- 17 30 Saeed Karimian Iranian Turkey Male 18-May- 17 31 Dmitry Popkov Russian Russian Male 24-May- Federation 17 32 Taqi Al-Din Al-Huthaifi Yemeni Yemen Male 26-May- 17 33 Wael Al-Absi Yemeni Yemen Male 26-May- 17 34 Sa’ad Al-Nadhari Yemeni Yemen Male 26-May- 17 35 Souhaib Al-Hiti Iraqi Iraq Male 30-May- 17 36 Aziz Navin Afghan Afghanistan Male 31-May- 17 37 Mohammed Nazir Afghan Afghanistan Male 31-May- 17 38 Kamlesh Jain Indian India Male 31-May- 17 39 Baksheesh Elahi Pakistani Pakistan Male 11-Jun-17 40 Luís Gustavo da Silva Brazilian Brazil Male 14-Jun-17 41 Salvador Adame Pardo Mexican Mexico Male 14-Jun-17 42 Bakhtyar Haddad Iraqi / Iraq Male 19-Jun-17 Kurdish 43 Stephan Villeneuve French Iraq Male 19-Jun-17 44 Véronique Robert French/Swis Iraq Femal 24-Jun-17 s e 45 Harb Hazaa al-Dulaimi Iraqi Iraq Male 7-Jul-17 46 Soudad al-Douri Iraqi Iraq Male 7-Jul-17 47 Edwin Rivera Paz Honduran Mexico Male 9-Jul-17 48 Luciano Rivera Salgado Mexican Mexico Male 21-Jul-17 49 Khaled Alkhateb Syrian Syrian Arab Male 30-Jul-17 Republic 50 Rudy Alicaway Philipino Philippines Male 6-Aug-17 51 Leo Diaz Philipino Philippines Male 7-Aug-17

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52 Kim Wall Swedish Denmark Femal 10-Aug-17 e 53 Osama Nasr al-Zoabi Syrian Syrian Arab Male 21-Aug-17 Republic 54 Cándido Ríos Vázquez Mexican Mexico Male 22-Aug-17 55 Christopher Allen US South Sudan Male 26-Aug-17 56 Gauri Lankesh Indian India Femal 5-Sep-17 e 57 Abdullahi Osman Moallim Somali Somalia Male 13-Sep-17 58 Carlos William Flores Honduran Honduras Male 14-Sep-17 59 Shantanu Bhowmick Indian India Male 20-Sep-17 60 Orouba Barakat Syrian Turkey Femal 22-Sep-17 e 61 Hala Barakat Syrian Turkey Femal 23-Sep-17 e 62 Edgar Daniel Esqueda Mexican Mexico Male 6-Oct-17 Castro 63 Efigenia Vásquez Astudillo Colombian Colombia Femal 8-Oct-17 e 64 Amanullah Haqiar Afghan Afghanistan Male 12-Oct-17 65 Haroon Khan Pakistani Pakistan Male 12-Oct-17 66 Dilshan Ibash Syrian Syrian Arab Femal 12-Oct-17 Republic e 67 Hawker Faisal Mohammed Syrian Syrian Arab Male 13-Oct-17 Republic 68 Ali Nur Siad-Ahmed Somali Somalia Male 14-Oct-17 69 Daphne Maltese Malta Femal 16-Oct-17 Caruana Galizia e 70 Carlos Oveniel Lara Honduran Honduras Male 23-Oct-17 Domínguez 71 Christopher Iban Lozada Philipino Philippines Male 24-Oct-17 72 Quays al-Qadi Syrian Syrian Arab Male 29-Oct-17 Republic 73 Arkan Sharifi Iraqi Iraq Male 30-Oct-17 74 Ikechukwu Onubogu Nigerian Nigeria Male 15-Nov-17 75 Hussain Nazari Afghan Afghanistan Male 17-Nov-17 76 Sudip Dutta Bhaumik Indian India Male 21-Nov-17 77 Naveen Gupta Indian India Male 30-Nov-17 78 Mohamed Ibrahim Gabow Somali Somalia Male 11-Dec-17 79 Gumaro Pérez Aguilando Mexican Mexico Male 19-Dec-17 80 Sayed Mehdi Hosaini Afghan Afghanistan Male 28-Dec-17

Annex D: Regional groupings

Group I. Western Europe and North America (27)

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Andorra Austria Belgium Canada Cyprus Denmark Finland France Greece Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Luxembourg Malta Monaco Norway Portugal San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

United States of America

Group II. Central and Eastern Europe (25)

Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Estonia The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Georgia Hungary Latvia Lithuania

92

Montenegro Poland Ukraine Uzbekistan Romania Republic of Moldova Russian Federation Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Tajikistan

Group III. Latin America and the Caribbean (33)

Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay

93

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Group IV. Asia and the Pacific (44)

Afghanistan Australia Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China Cook Islands Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Fiji India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Kazakhstan Kiribati Kyrgyzstan Lao People’s Democratic Republic Niue Pakistan Palau Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Samoa Singapore Solomon Islands Sri Lanka Thailand Timor-Leste Malaysia Maldives Marshall Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Myanmar Nauru Nepal New Zealand Tonga Turkmenistan

94

Tuvalu Vanuatu Viet Nam

GROUP V. AFRICA (47)

Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo Côte d’Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone

95

Somalia South Africa South Sudan Swaziland Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

GROUP VI. ARAB REGION (19)

Algeria Bahrain Egypt Iraq Jordan Lebanon Libya Mauritania Morocco Palestine Sudan Syrian Arab Republic Tunisia Yemen

96