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Translation 2882 FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Translation Series No. 2882 Carotenoid pigments and the Taxonomic Status of Salmonids by A. A. YarZhombek Original title: Karotinoidnye pigmenty i sistematika lososevykh ryb From: Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Nauchno-Issledovatel!skogo Instituta Morskogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii (VNIRO) (Proceedings of the Ali-Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography), 85(3) : 148-153, 1972 Translated by the Translation Bureau(YK5 Multilingual Services Division Department of the Secretary of State of Canada Department .of the Environment 'Fisheries Research Board of Canada Biological Station, St. Johns, Nfld. BiOlogical Station, Nanaimo, , Bi.C. 1974 12 pages typescript' • d s • DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTION MULTILINGUAL SERVICES i•-f:re;rJee DIVISION DES SERVICES CANADA DIVISION • MULTILINGUES e- F. ig) D-gg;- TRANSLATED FROM - TRADUCTION DE INTO - EN Russian English AUTHOR - AUTEUR Yarzhombek, A.A. TITLE IN ENGLISH - TITRE ANGLAIS Carotenoid pigments and the Taxonomic Status of Salmonids TITLE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS) TITRE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTàRES ROMAINS) Karotinoidnye pigmenty i sistematika lososevykh ryb. REFERENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE,FOREIGN CHARACTERS. RÉFÉRENCE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION), AU COMPLET, TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTbES ROMAINS. Trudy VNIRO REFERENCE IN ENGLISH - RÉFÉRENCE EN ANGLAIS Publications of the A11-Union Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography PAGE NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL PUBLISHER... ÉDITEUR DATE OF PUBLICATION NUMF:ROS DES PAGES DANS DATE DE PUBLICATION L'ORI GINAL Not given 148-153 YEAR ISSUE NO. VOLUME NUMÉRO PLACE OF PUBLICATION ANNÉE NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES LIEU DE PUBLICATION NOMBRE DE PAGES DACTYLOGRAPHIÉES USSR 1972 85 3 12 REQUESTING DEPARTMENT TRANSLATION BUREAU NO. Environment 143997 MINISTÈRECLIENT NOTREDOSSIERN0 BRANCH OR DIVISION Fisheries Services/Office TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) YK DIRECTION OU DIVISION of Lhe EdiLoi TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES) PERSON REQUESTING Mr. M.A. Giles DEMANDE. PAR UNEDITED "I'RAN!..q.A.TICDNI For info:Tnlion YOUR NUMBF.R VOTRE DOSSIER N 0 TRADUCTION NON RLVISIU; Informal- DATEOFREQUEsT ion seukracut DATE DE LA DEMANDE 29 OCtOber, 1973. JAN 2 51974 SOS-2 00-1 0.8 (REV. 2 188) 7 030-21-029-5333 • •DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE ;; SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION DES SERVICES DiVISION CANADA MULTILINGUES F i? ‘à.l CLIENT'S NO. DEPARTMENT olvisloN/BRANCH CITY N° DU CLIENT MINISTRE DIVISION/DIRECTION VILLE Office of the Editor/ — Environment Ottawa Fisheries Service BUREAU NO. LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR (INITIALS) N° DU BUREAU LANGUE TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES) Russian •143997 YK JAN 2 5 1974 Trudy VNIRO (Publications of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography), Vol. 85, No. 3, 1972, pp 148-153 (USSR) Carotenoid Pigments and the Taxonomic Status UNED:r.D TRANUATION of Salmonids For inforrnaion or,ly by A.A. Yarzhombek TRADUCTION NON R.VISEE UDC (597.08:001.8)+597-13 Inforrnafion soukwaclit The pigmentation of the external integuments is an important taxonomie characteristic. Certain phyla of fishes have tissues with specific pigmentations, e.g., in the bones of needlefishes there is an accumulation of derivatives of biliary pigments; the liver of certain percidae concentrates the red carotenoid pigment; many fishes accumulate specific carotenoids, pterins, and melanins in their skin; the majority of fishes concentrate carotenoids in the roe. •The salmonids are characterized by an intense carotenoid pigmentation of their muscles. The qualitative composition of carotenoid pigments of muscles, ovaries and skin of salmonids has been investigated thoroughly by Steven (1948), Loginova (1966), Bayley (1937), and Kanemitsu and Aoe (1958). While working on the metabolism of carotenoid pigments of salmonids (Yarzhombek, 1964, 1966 and 1970) this author has accumulated material on the qualitative composition of pigments of a number of salmonids of Europe, Asia and North America. In this article an attempt has been made to compare the pigmentation of various tissues of salmonids and. the existing taxonomie classification of these fishes. The author was SOS-.200-10-31 75AD-714120-5332 interested in knowing the order of importance in taxonomy that would correspond to the differentiation in pigmentation. Salmonids belonging to four different genera were investigated: Sakhalin taimen (Hucho perryi(Brevoort); Siberian char (Salvelinus leuco- maenis (Vallas), both the non- and diadromous; Dolly Varden char (S. malma (Walbaum), non- and diadromous; Atlantic salmon from the Kola Peninsula and Baltic Sea (Salmo salar) (L.); salmon from the Kura River (S. trutta caspius) (Kessler); rainbow trout (S. irideus (Gibbons); mikizha (S. mykiss (Walbaum); Kamchatka trout (S. penshinensis (Pallas); cutthroat trout S.clarkii (Richardson); steelhead (S. gairdnerii (Richard- son); Sevan trout (S.ischchan (Kessler); pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gor- buscha (Walbaum); chum (O. keta (Walbaum); coho (O. kisutsch (Walbaum); sockeye,.anadromous and residual (O. nerka (Walbaum); chinook salmon (O. tschawytsha) (Walbaum) and masu (O. masou) (Brevoort). The qualitative composition of the carotenoids of skin, muscles, and roe was determined by the method of Kanemitsu and Aoe (Kanemitsu, Aoe, 1958). Pigments were identified by means of absorption spectra. The presence and configuration of pigment cells in the skin were determined by microscopic observation. The skin of salmonids contains two types of lipophores (erythrophores and xanthophores) and non-lipophoric pigment granules. Xanthophores are encountered in the skins of all investigated genera in all stages of the post-embryonal development. Erythrophores and non-erythrophoric pigment granules, however, are not found in all species,nor in all stages of ontogenesis. Xanthophores are'distributed on the skin surface in a fairly manner, while the erythrfdiJhdeàand pigment granules can be dis- unifàrm . i„, tributed in various ways (Table1).,,,Thered pigment of the erythrophores and pigment granules is invariablrepre?,sented by astaxanthin. 3. 1 • T a 6 .1 H Ix a 1 1 2. Haatme KpacHoro narmeHra Hoxe +1000Ceklb1X pt:46 3. Ileptio,i 6. 7. 4. BHA 5p11.16- nepe- 8,11oxamnatutti Hpacuoro mirbtewra tdopcKoil 1■013b1r1 • CTOBbirt 1 1-1 r.". 9 • Taftmenb +10 • glickbraHo pacnonœKemibte 3pirrpo- gtopu Ha Te.le R neatnut(ax 11.% abm a +12. 3pHTpo4topb4, pacnono)KeHHue 1113T- 'label H ,,Uttqt4ty3tio paa6pocannue izoaz,e u rutantetHax 13-1<yraHca + ,14. To >ne • - • 5.r.s.emra + • • 16.1lococb xypin-tcHkià 17. (Dopenh ceaatteRan • + » 18. Mugu)Ka •Ctionnenue .9purpo4opon nixonb 6o- KOBO1I ziuuuu 11 na itaanimax ; 2 0- CeNtra xamgarcHaa » 21 .(Dopeeb puya-cHan » 22 .()opeab Knapta » 23 • elOCOCb craabHOCO- JIOBblii 24. Ktmyti -r 25.3ottbt nurmeturubix rpanyn n purpo- (i ~ poB na 6onax n rmaatuttax 26. f iepKa 14. To ace 27. CI-ma » » ■•■■•• 28. Kéra 29' 1'op6ynta, - t + 30" . CKonaeutte DpitTpotftopo. 8 n- -sue Npactibix rune« Ha 6oHax (no am-1bn( 1962) 31. nitnNtettanne. — eeTb Epacubni nurNteHT, —EpaCHblr1 11H1-1.1eHT Œrcyr- neyer 4." 1 - Table 1 2 - Presence of red pigment in the skin of salmonids 3 - Development stage 4 - Species 5 - Fry 6 - Sea 7 - Spawning 8 - Location of the red pigment 9 - Taimen 10 - Erythrophores distributed diffusely on body and fins 11 - Dolly Varden char 12 - Erythrophores, in spots and distributed diffusely in skin and fins 13 - Siberian char 14 - Same 15 - Atlantic salmon 16 - Salmon from Kura River 17 - Sevan trout 18 - Mikizha 19 - Concentration of erythrophores along lateral lines and on fins 20 - Kamchatka trout 21 - Rainbow trout 22 - Cutthroat trout 23 - Steelhead 24 - Coho 25 - Zones of pigment granules and erythrophores on the sides and fins 26 - Sockeye 27 - Masu 28 - Chum 29 - Pink salmon 30 - Concentration of erythrophores in form of red spots on the sides (according to data of 1962) 31 - Note: + and - denote presence and absence of red pigment, res41 pectively. 5. • 1. T a 6a ta .2 2. KCaliT04314,111.1 uWWfl 11 11à44t14..ItTOK IPC0Ce3i4X 4, .mmtuubJ 5. 9Ancioericit 8. 8. 7 . 3. BHA 6 .3ea- 7. acsa- sea- Creta- ..tareitit Kl TeH II KC 8 h All KC8811111 KC 8 H TA H 11(CO Hill H 12. rartmein -r -4- ■■■ ■ ••■■•■ _ • •• •-• 13. Maisbua • 14. KyiwKa 4. 15. Mitxtinu ••••••••■ . + 16. (Dopeab 17. cea. aticxan - ._... •-,-* - 4- • 4* . 18. P.343moian --i- 4. • 19. KAaPKii _i_** • ..._._ ...1. i...•,., • 20. 6ypan ....... -4- 21. Itococb ..1._••••■ 22 craribnoroao. ablA 23. Kypiincioth •t- l• -4: 24. 45aernficxliA 25. KOJI bCKH /I 26. Cemrsa ■ ■ 27. hant,ocast ..1 ••• • • 28, xamvarce(an 29. ropbywa ■•■••••• 1- 30. Kera •••••■••• + 31. 1(11)firt + •••••••• 32. HePKa • 33. Oima i- 34, liaawm + 35 • • no.no6en.,m .eteunie. nozytienbi ratone normiosa (lee). 36. " .aatemde erteetut (Steven, 1 948). 37. ••• ,flannut BeA.an (Bailey, 19 38 ,•••• notto-61nde Raionie nanygenbi Tax.mte Kotiennny n AO, (Kapelnitut, 6. 1 - Table 2 2 - Xanthophyls of the muscles and egg cells of salmonidae 3 - Species 4 - Muscles 5 - Egg cells 6 - Zeaxanthin 7 - Lutein 8 - Astaxanthin 12 - Taimen 13 - Dolly Varden char 14 - Siberian char 15 - Mikizha 16 - Trout 17 - Sevan 18 - Rainbow 19 - Cutthroat 20 - Brown 21 - Salmon 22 - Steelhead 23 - From Kura River 24 - From Baltic Sea 25 - From Kola Peninsula 26 - Atlantic
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