DOCSLIB.ORG

Physical Environment and Hydrologic Characteristics of Coal-Mining Areas in Missouri

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Physical Environment and Hydrologic Characteristics of Coal-Mining Areas in Missouri PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF COAL-MINING AREAS IN MISSOURI U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations 80-67 4 61 • 5 • V3 4 c . 1 50272 · 101 REPORT DOCUMENTATION REPORT NO. 3. Recipient's Accession No. IL.... , 2. PAGE 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF Auq ust 1980 COAL-MINING AR EAS IN MISSOURI 6. 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Rept. No. ,]Prrv F Vr~i 11 r~nri .lames 1:1 Bar:k.s__ _ USGS LWRl 80-67 Performing Organization Name 9. and Address 10. Project/Task/Work Unit N o. u.s. Geological Survey, Water Resources Di visi on 1400 Independence Road Ma il Stop 200 11, Contract(C) or Grant(G) No. Roll a, Missouri 65401 (C) (G) 12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13. T ype of Re port & Period Covered u. s. Geolog i ca l Survey, Water Resources Divi sion 1400 Independence Road Mail Stop 200 Fi na 1 Ro lla, Mi ssouri 65401 14. 15. Supplementary N otes 16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words) Hydrologic i nformation for the north-central and western coa l-mining regions of Missouri i s needed to define t he hydrol og ic sys tem in these areas of major historic and planned coal development . This report describes the phys ical . setting, cl imate , coal-mi ni ng practi ces, general hydrologic system, and the current (1980) hydro l og ic data base i n these two coal -mining regions. Streamf low in both min ing regions is poorly sustai ned . Stream water qual i ty generally varies with location and the magnitude of coal-mining activity in a watershed. Streams in non coal-mini ng areas general ly have dissolved- solids concentrations less than 400 milligrams per liter. Acid-mi ne drainage has seriously affected some streams by red ucing the pH to less than 4.0 and increas i ng the dissolved -solids concentrations to greater than 1,000 mi l ligrams per liter. Thi s has resulted in fish ki l ls in some instances . Ground-water movement is impeded both l aterally and verti cally in both mi ning regions, especially in western Missouri, because of the low hydraulic conduc tivity of the rocks of Pennsylvanian age . The quality o f ground water vari es widely depending on location and depth . Ground water common ly contai ns hi gh concentrations of iron and su l fate, and dissolved-solids conce ntrations generally are greater than 1,000 mil ligrams per liter. 17. Document Ana lysis a . Descriptors *Coa l min ing, Water quality, Surface water, Ground water, Missouri . b. ldentlfie~ /()pen· Ended Terms Phys i cal env ironment, Hydro l ogic characteristics . c. COSATI Field/Group 18. Availability Statement 19. Security Class (This Report) 21. No. of Pages No restriction on distribution. UNCLASSI FIED 33 20. Security Class (This Page) 22. Price UNCLASS IFI ED (See ANSI-Z39.18) See Instructions on Reverse OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77) (Formerly NTIS-35) Department of Commerce 7 ... UR .. :S' . ' .~.)J 1:, •" ~ I fY, lA ~2244 LIBRARY COPY PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF COAL-MINING AREAS IN MISSOURI E. Vaill and James H. Barks By Jerry • U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations 80-67 Ro 11 a , Missouri 1980 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY H. William Menard, Director For additional information write to : District Chief U.S. Geological Survey 1400 Independence Road Mail Stop 200 Rolla, Missouri 65401 / CONTENTS Page Conversion factors------------------------------------------------ III Abstract---------------------------------------------------------- 1 Introduction------------------------------------------------------ 1 Physical setting-------------------------------------------------- 7 Geology and physiography------------------------------------- 7 Structural geology-------------------------------------- 8 Drainage patterns-------------------------------- ------- 9 Soi ls-------------------------------------------------------- 9 Land use----------------------------------------------------- 14 Climate----------------------------------------------------------- 16 Coal-mining practices--------------------------------------------- 16 Hydrology--------------------------------------------------------- 19 Surface water------------------------------------------------ 19 Ground water------------------------------------------------- 25 Plans for future data collection and analysis--------------------- 28 Summary----------------------------------------------------------- 29 Selected references----------------------------------------------- 30 I ILLUSTRATIONS Page Figures 1-4 Maps showing location of: 1 • Coal and lignite fields in the United States---------- 3 2. Coal resources and coal-mining areas in Missouri------ 4 3. Major coal-mining regions in Missouri----------------- 5 4. Major physiographic divisions of Missouri------------- 10 Figure 5. Diagram showing stratigraphy of the principal coal beds of Missouri------------------------------------ 11 6. Map showing major soil and vegetation types in coal-mining regions of Missouri--------------------- 13 Figures 7-9 Diagrams showing conventional: 7. Contour-stripping method------------------------------ 17 8. Furrow-stripping method------------------------------- 18 9. 11 Y11 -stripping method---------------------------------- 20 Figure 10. Frequency curves of 7-day annual minimum flows for streams in the different physiographic divisions of Missouri----------------------------------------- 21 11. Map sho~1ing locations of water ... quality sampling stations on East Fork Little Chariton River in relation to coal-mining activity-------------------------------- 24 12. Map showing location of water-quality sampling station on Cedar Creek in relation to coal-mining activity-- 26 TABLES Table 1. Total acreages for major crops in 1978 by county--------- 15 2. Water-quality characteristics of selected streams in the north-central Missouri coal-mining region-------------- 23 II CONVERSION FACTORS For those readers who may prefer to use the International System of Units (SI) rather than the inch-pound units, the conversion factors for the terms used in this report are listed below. Multiply inch-pound unit ~ To obtain SI units acre 0.4047 hectare (ha) foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m) cubic foot per second (ft3/s) 0.02832_5 cubic meter per second (m 3/s) gallon per minute (gal/min) 6.31Xl0 cubic meter per second (m3/s) inch (in.) 25.40 mi 11 imeter (mm) micromho (JJmho) 1.000 microsiemens (JJS) mile {mi) 1. 609 kilometer (km) square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer (km2) ton (short) 0.9072 metric ton (t) acre-foot (acre-ft) 0.00123 cubic hectometer (hm3) million gallons per day 0.044 cubic meter per second (m3/s) (MgaJ/d) To convert temperature in oc (Celstus) to °F (Fahrenheit), multiply by 1.8 and add 32. I ,..: III Physical Environment and Hydrologic Characteristics of Coal-Mining Areas in Missouri By Jerry E. Vaill and James H. Barks ABSTRACT Hydrologic information for the north-central and western coal-mining regions of Missouri is needed to define the hydrologic system in these areas of major historic and planned coal development. This report describes the physical setting, climate, coal-mining practices, general hydrologic system, and the current (1980) hydrologie data base in these two coal-mining regions. Streamflow in both mining regions is poorly sustained. Stream water quality generally varies with location and the magnitude of coal-mining activity in a watershed. Streams in non coal-mining areas generally have dissolved-solids concentrations less than 400 milligrams per liter. Acid-mine drainage has seriously affected some streams by reducing the pH to less than 4.0 and increasing the dissolved-solids concentrations to greater than 1,000 milligrams per liter. This has resulted in fish kills in some instances. Ground-water movement is impeded both laterally and vertically in both mining regions, especially in western Missouri, because of the low hydraulic conductivity of the rocks of Pennsylvanian age. The quality of ground water varies widely depending on location and depth. Ground water commonly contains high concentrations of iron and sulfate, and dissolved-solids concentrations generally are greater than 1,000 milligrams per liter. INTRODUCTION This report presents information compiled during the first phase of a project designed to provide general hydrologic information for coal provinces in Missouri. The report contains a discussion of the history of coal mining and coal-mining regulations in Missouri and a description of the physical setting, climate, coal-mining practices, hydrology, and the current (1980) hydrologic data base. The report provides background for the second phase of the study that will include collection of hydrologic data required to increase the data base, and provide the general hydrologic information needed for State and Federal regulatory authorities and mine-permit applicants. 1 The energy crisis of the 197o•s is rapidly increasing the demand for the abundant coal resources of the United States, including those in Missouri. Most of the northwestern part of the State is in the Western Interior Coal Basin (fig. 1). Missouri ranks fifth among the states with coal resources (all coal beds 12 or more in. thick, which can be reasonably assumed to exist) and has an estimated 50 billion tons (Robertson, 1973). Of this, 32 · billion tons have been located by mapping and drilling, and 12.3 billion tons are considered reserves (proven to exist and can be mined with existing technology and under existing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Articles on Mining History from Mining and History
    North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers Nicholas Wood Memorial Library Articles on mining history from mining and history journals: a list May 2017 These are mainly from the Transactions of the professional mining institutions and from economic and other history journals and are grouped in broad topics as well as in a complete list. Some references may appear in more than one grouping. They all relate to the UK. It is a work in progress and further articles will be added from time to time. Publications from mining history societies are mostly not included, but an online index at http://www.sat.dundee.ac.uk/bin/pdmhsearch covers articles from British Speleological Association 1947-73 Northern Cave and Mine Research Society 1961-74 Northern Mine Research Society 1975- (British Mining) Peak District Mines Historical Society 1959- The complete list of articles is followed by the subject groupings: General mining history Labour: miners; productivity Legislation Metalliferous and other non-coal mining Mining technologies Professional institutions; education Regional studies Safety and inspection Safety lamps Items marked X are not in the Institute Library. Page 1 Author Title Journal vol date pages Adam, T.W. The history of the Midland Institute of Mining Engineers Transactions – Institution of 106 1946-7 166-175 Mining Engineers Adam, T.W. & A historical review of the Midland Institute of Mining Transactions – Institution of 117 1957-8 606-620 Statham, I.C.F. Engineers Mining Engineers Adams, M Humphry Davy and the murder lamp History today 55 2005 207-208 X Almond, J.K. British technical education for mining: an historical survey to Transactions - Institution of 84 1975 A60-A70 1920.
    [Show full text]
  • Coal Introduction Geology of Coal Formation of Coal
    COAL INTRODUCTION STATE OF OHIO Ted Strickland, Governor Coal is one of Ohio’s most valuable mineral resources DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES and the nation’s most abundant fossil fuel. More than 3.7 bil- Sean D. Logan, Director lion tons of Ohio coal has been mined since 1800, and recent DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY fi gures indicate that Ohio is the 3rd largest coal-consuming Larry Wickstrom, Chief state in the nation, consuming about 62 million tons per year. Ohio ranks 13th in the nation in coal production, and 7th in terms of demonstrated coal reserves with approximately 23.3 billion short tons, or 4.7% of the nation’s total coal reserves. (“Demonstrated Coal Reserve” is a term used to identify the part of the total resource that is potentially mineable when considering economic, legal, and engineering constraints). At present production levels, Ohio has more than 500 years worth of potentially mineable coal remaining. GEOLOGY OF COAL Th e coal-bearing rocks of Ohio were deposited during the Pennsylvanian and Permian Periods, approximately 320 to 245 million years ago. During Pennsylvanian time, or the great Coal Age, a shallow sea covered central Ohio. A series of river deltas extended into this sea carrying sediments that eroded from the ancestral Appalachian Mountains and fl owed northwest into the deltas. Extensive freshwater and brackish-water peat-forming COAL ecosystems formed in these low-lying coastal and near-coastal deltas, which were similar to those of the current Mississippi and Amazon Rivers. Th ese peat swamps remained undisturbed for thousands of years.
    [Show full text]
  • The Coal Mining Heritage of Lafayette
    The Coal Mining Heritage of Lafayette From the late I 880s until the I 930s, Lafayette was a major coal town. Read the history of the coal mining era, examine the location of coal mines within the Lafayette area, and enjoy historic photos of the Waneka Lake Power Plant and the Simpson Mine with the attached Coal Mines of the Lafaveti’e Area brochure. This brochure was created by the Lafayette Historic Preservation board, and it highlights the fascinating Coal Mining Heritage of Lafayette. oft/ic — • Coal Mines Lafayette Area page 1 • Coal Mines of the Lafayette Area - page 2 • Coal Mines f the Lfa)’ette Area — map ____________________________ Historic Preservation Board, City of Lafayette, Colorado The social legacy. The social legacy of mining is equally important to contemporary Lafayette The mines required far more labor than was available locally and quickly attracted experienced miners and laborers from Europe and other parts of the U.S. The result was a community comprised of many ethnic groups, including Welsh, English. Scottish, Irish, central European, Hispanic, Italian, and Swedish workers and their families. Local farmers and ranchers also shared in the coal boom and worked as miners in the winter when coal production was high and agricultural work slow. A sense of this ethnic diversity can be gained by walking through the Lafayette cemetery at Baseline and 111th Street. The variety of family names gives a sense of the many nationalities that have contributed to Lafayette’s history. Although the mining life was hard, families were fun-loving and many social activities centered around schools and churches.
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 Abstract Booklet
    TWENTY - FIFTH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL PITTSBURGH COAL CONFERENCE COAL - ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ABSTRACTS BOOKLET September 29 - October 2, 2008 The Westin Convention Center Pittsburgh, PA USA The Westin Hotel and Convention Center Hosted By: University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering A NOTE TO THE READER This Abstracts Booklet is prepared solely as a convenient reference for the Conference participants. Abstracts are arranged in a numerical order of the oral and poster sessions as published in the Final Conference Program. In order to facilitate the task for the reader to locate a specific abstract in a given session, each paper is given two numbers: the first designates the session number and the second represents the paper number in that session. For example, Paper No. 25-1 is the first paper to be presented in the Oral Session #25. Similarly, Paper No. P3-1 is the first paper to appear in the Poster Session #3. It should be cautioned that this Abstracts Booklet is prepared based on the original abstract that was submitted, unless the author noted an abstract change. The contents of the Booklet do not reflect late changes made by the authors for their presentations at the Conference. The reader should consult the Final Conference Program for any such changes. Furthermore, updated and detailed full manuscripts are published in the CD-ROM Conference Proceedings will be sent to all registered participants following the Conference. On behalf of the Twenty-Fifth Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, we wish to express our sincere appreciation to Ms. Heidi M. Aufdenkamp, Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • ~ Coal Mining in Canada: a Historical and Comparative Overview
    ~ Coal Mining in Canada: A Historical and Comparative Overview Delphin A. Muise Robert G. McIntosh Transformation Series Collection Transformation "Transformation," an occasional paper series pub- La collection Transformation, publication en st~~rie du lished by the Collection and Research Branch of the Musee national des sciences et de la technologic parais- National Museum of Science and Technology, is intended sant irregulierement, a pour but de faire connaitre, le to make current research available as quickly and inex- plus vite possible et au moindre cout, les recherches en pensively as possible. The series presents original cours dans certains secteurs. Elle prend la forme de research on science and technology history and issues monographies ou de recueils de courtes etudes accep- in Canada through refereed monographs or collections tes par un comite d'experts et s'alignant sur le thenne cen- of shorter studies, consistent with the Corporate frame- tral de la Societe, v La transformation du CanadaLo . Elle work, "The Transformation of Canada," and curatorial presente les travaux de recherche originaux en histoire subject priorities in agricultural and forestry, communi- des sciences et de la technologic au Canada et, ques- cations and space, transportation, industry, physical tions connexes realises en fonction des priorites de la sciences and energy. Division de la conservation, dans les secteurs de: l'agri- The Transformation series provides access to research culture et des forets, des communications et de 1'cspace, undertaken by staff curators and researchers for develop- des transports, de 1'industrie, des sciences physiques ment of collections, exhibits and programs. Submissions et de 1'energie .
    [Show full text]
  • Coal Mine Methane Recovery: a Primer
    Coal Mine Methane Recovery: A Primer U.S. Environmental Protection Agency July 2019 EPA-430-R-09-013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was originally prepared under Task Orders No. 13 and 18 of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Contract EP-W-05-067 by Advanced Resources, Arlington, USA and updated under Contract EP-BPA-18-0010. This report is a technical document meant for information dissemination and is a compilation and update of five reports previously written for the USEPA. DISCLAIMER This report was prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). USEPA does not: (a) make any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in this report, or that the use of any apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report may not infringe upon privately owned rights; (b) assume any liability with respect to the use of, or damages resulting from the use of, any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report; or (c) imply endorsement of any technology supplier, product, or process mentioned in this report. ABSTRACT This Coal Mine Methane (CMM) Recovery Primer is an update of the 2009 CMM Primer, which reviewed the major methods of CMM recovery from gassy mines. [USEPA 1999b, 2000, 2001a,b,c] The intended audiences for this Primer are potential investors in CMM projects and project developers seeking an overview of the basic technical details of CMM drainage methods and projects. The report reviews the main pre-mining and post-mining CMM drainage methods with associated costs, water disposal options and in-mine and surface gas collection systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Landscape of the Coal Mining Industry in the United States
    INDIANA GEOLOGICAL & WATER SURVEY INDIANA JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES ISSN 2642-1550, Volume 2, 2020 Changing Landscape of the Coal Mining Industry in the United States Maria Mastalerz and Agnieszka Drobniak Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana E-mail: [email protected] Received 01/01/2020 Accepted for publication 01/01/2020 Published 04/27/2020 Suggested citation: Mastalerz, M., and Drobniak, A., 2020, Changing landscape of the coal mining industry in the United States: Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 2. DOI 10.14434/ijes.v2i1.28585 ABSTRACT Coal has been a valuable natural resource in the United States throughout the country’s history. European settlers began to use coal for heating in the late 1740s and, as energy demands increased, coal production climbed from 9.3 million tons in 1850 to 750 million in 1918. Eventually coal replaced wood as the primary energy source, and by the 1940s, coal was providing up to 75 percent of U.S. energy needs. In the United States, bituminous coal was the first target of the coal mining industry. This changed between 1843 and 1868 when more anthracite began to be mined. Used in iron smelting, this cleaner and smokeless alternative became the preferred fuel in cities. However, limited anthracite resources could not fulfill increasing demand. The production of sub-bi- tuminous coal began to slowly rise, and in 2010 it was greater than bituminous coal produc- tion. Until the 1950s, coal was mined primarily using underground methods. By the 1970s, however, the development of cheaper surface mining proved a viable alternative for the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Coal Mining in Newcastle, 1801-1900
    COAL MINING IN NEWCASTLE, 1801-1900 by J.W. TURNER Newcastle History Monographs No.9 NEWCASTLE REGIO"\J PUBLIC LIBRARY THE COU;-.JCIL OF THE CITY OF NEWCASTLE. EW SOUTH WALES. AUSTRALIA 19B2 TURNER. John Wi lliam. 1933- Coal min mg m Newcastle. 1801 -1900. Newcastle. Newcastle Region Public Library. 1982. 179 pp .. illus .. maps, 23cm. (Newcastle history monographs. no.9) Ser ISBN 0 9599385 9 I Newcastle Region Public Library Coal mining - Newcastle Coal District Coal mines - Newcastle Coal District Australian Agri cultural Company The Author J W. Turner. M.A. Ph.D. Dip Ed .. 1s Senior Lecturer in the Department of Community Programmes. University of Newcastle. and is one of the editors of this series. He 1s the author of three earlier items m this series and various articles relating to the history o f Newcastle. In 1977 he submitted a Ph D thesis entitled Coalmining and Manufacturing in Newcastle. I 797 -1900, on which this and monograph no.8 are based ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS When in 1962. I began the study that led eventually to this book. the University of Sydney was my employer and I will always be grateful for the opportunities it provided for historical research. However. from 1972 it was the support of the University of Newcastle that made possible the completion of the work. Professor A G. L. Shaw gave generous encouragement over the years ancl Professor R. A. Gollan's 'The Coa l miners of ew South Wales· contributed greatly to my understanding of the coal industry. Inspiration came. too. from Professor G. N .
    [Show full text]
  • Coal: How We Achieved Our Dependency and Its True Cost Kelly Caggiano Fordham University, Env12 [email protected]
    Fordham University Masthead Logo DigitalResearch@Fordham Student Theses 2001-2013 Environmental Studies 2012 Coal: How We Achieved Our Dependency and Its True Cost Kelly Caggiano Fordham University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://fordham.bepress.com/environ_theses Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Caggiano, Kelly, "Coal: How We Achieved Our Dependency and Its True Cost" (2012). Student Theses 2001-2013. 34. https://fordham.bepress.com/environ_theses/34 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Environmental Studies at DigitalResearch@Fordham. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Theses 2001-2013 by an authorized administrator of DigitalResearch@Fordham. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Coal How We Achieved Our Dependency and its True Cost Kelly Caggiano 5/11/2012 Environmental Policy Thesis Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3 A History of Coal Mining ............................................................................................... 6 Types of Coal .................................................................................................................. 9 Methods of Coal Mining .............................................................................................. 11 Important Legislation and Cases ................................................................................ 17 Environmental
    [Show full text]
  • Memories of Early Life Around the Coal Fields of Illinois
    Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC SIU Historical Documents University Archives 1992 Tell Me A Story: Memories of Early Life Around The oC al Fields of Illinois Mara Lou Hawse Dianne Throgmorton Coal Research Center, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Follow this and additional works at: https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ua_docs This booklet contains essays written by senior citizens about their experiences with coal mining in southern Illinois from the late 1800s through the 1950s. The se says were finalists in a writing competition held during Coal Awareness Week in October 1990. Coal Awareness Week was held by the Office of Coal Development and Marketing, of the Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources, and by the Coal Research Center at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Recommended Citation Hawse, Mara L., Throgmorton, Dianne and , . "Tell Me A Story: Memories of Early Life Around The oC al Fields of Illinois." (Jan 1992). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University Archives at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in SIU Historical Documents by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ELL T ME STaR: Memories of early life around the coal fields of Illinois Coal Research Center Southern Illinois University at Carbonda•le TELL ME A STORY TELL ME A STORY: Memories of early life around the coal fields of Illinois Edited by: Mara Lou Hawse Dianne Throgmorton Illustrated by: Tamara Wright • Published by: Coal Research Center Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Carbondale, Illinois 62901 This publication made possible in part by a grant from CONTENTS the Illinois Humanities Council, the National Endowment for the Humanities, Preface ...........
    [Show full text]
  • Perspectives on Iowa Coal Richard N
    Energy and Mineral Resources Research Institute Reports 6-1976 Perspectives on Iowa Coal Richard N. Stolp Frederick P. Deluca Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/emrri_reports Part of the Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons Recommended Citation Stolp, Richard N. and Deluca, Frederick P., "Perspectives on Iowa Coal" (1976). Energy and Mineral Resources Research Institute Reports. 1. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/emrri_reports/1 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Energy and Mineral Resources Research Institute Reports by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ~ ./ ';, . / ) / / I · ~ \ . .' ''<""' . ',~ r~ n stolp PERSPECTIVES ON IOWA COAL R.N. Stolp and F.P.DeLuca June 1976 ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE R. S. Hansen, Director Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011 Preface This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the Iowa Coal Project and conducted in the Energy and Mineral Resources Research Institute at Iowa State University. Financial support for the research was provided by an appropriation from the Iowa Legislature in June 1974. Additional copies of this report may be purchased from: National Technical Information Service U.S. Department of Commerce P. 0. Box 1553 Springfield, VA 22161 Price: Microfiche $2.25 Printed copy $4.50 Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the help and cooperation of many in­ dividuals who contributed to the development of this manual. Although ade­ quate acknowledgement cannot be made to all who participated, we do wish to mention those who made special contributions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Coal Mines Historic Site
    Australian Heritage Database Places for Decision Class : Historic Identification List: National Heritage List Name of Place: Coal Mines Historic Site Other Names: Place ID: 105931 File No: 6/01/106/0006 Nomination Date: 11/07/2006 Principal Group: Mining and Mineral Processing Status Legal Status: 27/07/2006 - Nominated place Admin Status: 09/08/2006 - Under assessment by AHC--Australian place Assessment Recommendation: Place meets one or more NHL criteria Assessor's Comments: Other Assessments: : Location Nearest Town: Saltwater River Distance from town 3 (km): Direction from town: N Area (ha): 350 Address: Coal Mine Rd, Saltwater River, TAS 7186 LGA: Tasman Municipality TAS Location/Boundaries: About 350ha, 3km north of Saltwater River, comprising the following areas: 1. Coal Mines Historic Site. 2. An area bounded by a line commencing at the intersection of the northern boundary of the Coal Mines Historic Site with MGA easting 558200mE (approximate MGA point 558200mE 5241560mN), then via straight lines joining the following MGA points consecutively; 558160mE 5241830mN, 558100mE 5242480mN, 557920mE 5242660mN, 557710mE 5242560mN, 557510mE 5242070mN, then southerly to the intersection of the southern boundary of Lime Bay Nature Reserve with MGA easting 557470mE (approximate MGA point 557470mE 5241700mN), then easterly via that boundary and its alignment to the point of commencement. 3. A 340 metre seaward offset extending between the easterly prolongations of the northern and southern boundaries of the Coal Mines Historic Site. The offset extends from the High Water Mark. Assessor's Summary of Significance: The Coal Mines Historic Site contains the workings of a penal colliery and convict establishment that operated from 1833-1848.
    [Show full text]