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Asamblea General Distr NACIONES UNIDAS A Asamblea General Distr. GENERAL A/42/65D 15 de octubre de 1987 ESPAÑOL ORIGINAL: FRANCES/INGLES Cuadragésimo segundo período de sesiones TeIT.a 75 del programa INFORME DEL COMITE ~SPECIAL ENCARGADO DE INVESTIGAR LAS PRACTICAS ISRAELIES QUE AFEC"EN A LOS DERELHOS HUMANOS DE LA POBLACION DE LOS TERRITORIOS OCUPAnOS Nota del Secretario General SI :~cretario General tiene e~ honor de transmitir a los miembros de la Asambl, a Genere' el informe adJunto, que le presentó, con arreglo al p3rrafo 17 de la resolución 41!~3 9, de 3 de diciembre de 1986, el Comité Especial encargado de examinar las prácticas israelíes que afecten a los derechos humanos de la población de los territorios ocupados. 87-23878 68D8i l ... Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library A/42/650 Español Página 2 INDICE Párrafos Página CARTA DE ENVIO •.•••••••.•.•....•..•.•.•.•••..•..••.•••.••.•••••••.••.••.••• 4 I. INTRODUCCION ............................................ 1 - 6 7 11. ORGANIZACION DE LOS TRABAJOS •.•••••.....•.•••••..•••.•• 7 - 18 8 1 I I . MANDATO •••.••••••.••.....•.••.••...•••....•••••••••••.• 19 - 23 10 IV. INFORMACION y PRUEBAS RECIBIDAS POR EL COMITE ESPECIAL. 24 - 199 11 A. Situación general 30 - 46 13 V. l. Novedades en materia de política en general ••.• 30 - 37 13 2. Aumento de la tirantez y los incidentes ••••.... 38 - 45 15 VI. 3. política de devolución de municipios a d irigentes locales •••••••. _ ...•••••.••..•••••• 46 18 B. Información relativa a arrestos, detenciones, juicios y sentencias ••..•.••••.•••••..•••.••••••..• 47 - 51 19 l. Palestinos •.••••••••••••••••.••......•••...•••• 47 - 50 19 a) Arrestos y órdenes de detención administrativa .••••••••••...••••••••••••••• 47 - 48 19 b) Sentencias ••..........•..•.•.••••..•••••••• 49 19 e) Liberaciones .•••••••.•.••••••..•...•..•.••• 50 20 2. Israelíes •..•.••..••....•.•.••...••.••.••.•••.• 51 20 C. Trato dado a los civiles y cuestión de las libertades fundamentales •••••••••••••••••••••••.••• 52 - 126 20 l. Acontecimientos de carácter general •••••.•••••• 52 - 80 20 a) Hostigamiento de civiles ..•.•••.•••.•••.••. 52 - 62 20 b) Penas colectivas, incluida la demolición de cas;;¡s ••••••••.•.•••.••••••••••••.•••.••• 63 - 65 22 c) Expulsiones y deportaciones .•.••••....••••• 66 - 72 23 d) Aspectos económicos •••..••.•.••••••..•••••• 73 - 80 25 2. Información referente a las libertades fundamentales ••...•.•..••••..•••.•.•.••..•..•.• 81 - 112 28 a) Libertad de movimientos •..••••••••••••..••• 81 - 83 28 b) Libertad de expresión •...•••••••••••••••••. 84 - 91 28 c) Libertad de asociación •••••••••••....•••••• 92 - 98 29 d) Libertad de enseñanza ...•••••••••••.••••••• 99 - 112 3J. / ... Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library A/42/650 Espal'iol página 3 INDICE (continuación) Párrafos página 3. Informaciones sobre las actividades de los colonos que afectan a la población civil ••••••• 113 - 126 35 D. Trato dado a los detenidos ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 127 - 161 38 E. Anexión y asentamientos .••...•.•... G ••••••••••••••• 162 - 184 45 lo Política . 162 - 167 45 2. Medidas ••••••••••••••••••••• e •••• C1 •••••••••••• 1l 168 - 184 47 F. Información concerniente al Galán •••••••••••••••••• 185 - 199 49 v. CONCLUSIONES •••••••••••••••••• ~ . 200 - 217 53 VI. APROBACION DEL INFORME ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 218 57 / ... Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library A/42/650 Espal'iol página 4 CARTA DE ENVIO 4 de septiembre de 1987 Isr de ocu Excelentísimo Sellor: vio Esp El Comité Especial encargado de examinar las prácticas israelíes que afecten del a los derechos humanos de la población de los territorios ocupados tiene el honor de transmitir adjunto su 19' informe, preparado en cumplimiento de las resoluciones de la Asamblea General relativas al Comité Especial y, en particular, de la baj resolución 2443 (XXIII) de 19 de diciembre de 1968, por la que se creó el Comité hos Especial, y de la resolución 41/63 D de 3 de diciembre de 1986, la más reciente de fun las resoluciones mediante las cuales la Asamblea General ha venido renovando su rea mandato. El presente informe abarca el período comprendido .entre ellO de septiembre aut de 1986, fecha de la aprobació~ del último informe, y el 31 de agosto de 1987. los El informe se basa en la infL~mación obtenida por el Comité Especial a través áel rep testimonio oral de personas que tienen experiencia directa de la situación que Un existe en materia de derechos humanos en los territorios ocupados, a5í como en de la información escrita obtenida de diversas fuentes. El Comité Especial ha jun seleccionado extractos y resúmenes de la información obtenida de esas fuentes orales y escritas, los que se consignan en el informe. Con el propósito de recoger testimonios orales, el Comité Especial organizó audiencias que se celebraron en la Ginebra, El Cairo, &~án y Damasco. El Comité Especial siguió atento a las Eli declaraciones de los miembros del Gobierno de Israel que reflejan la política sem de ese Gobierno en los territorios ocupados, y a los informes sobre las medidas per adoptadas para aplicar esa política. El Comité Especial tomó nota de las cartas inq dirigidas a Vuestra Excelencia y al Presidente del Co~sejo de Seguridad durante fre el períOLv que abarca el presente informe en relación con el mandato del Comité aut Especial, que se distribuyeron como documentos de la Asamblea General y del de Consejo de Seguridad. El Comité Especial recibió información de organizaciones y de particulares sobre diversos aspectos de la situac~ón en los territorios ocupados. adm' El Gobierno de Israel no ha cambiado su posición con respecto al Comité Especial, a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados en tal sentido. No obstante, el que Comité Especial contó con la colaboración de los Gobiernos de la República Arabe de por Egipto, el Reino Hachemita de Jordania y la República Ar.abe Siria, así como de la pen Organización de Liberación de Palestina, para el cumplimiento de su mandato. casi Al preparar s~ informe el Comité Especial ha procurado presentar a Vuestra Excelencia un panorama completo de la realidad en los territorios ocupados en a la cuanto afecta a los derechos humanos de la población civil. En la presente carta, de 1 el Comité Especial desea seftalarle diversos aspectos que conviene mencionar muy marc particularmente. en e proc Excelentísimo Sellor econ Javier pérez de Cuéllar y ca Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas esfe Nueva York Jeru abas / ... Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library A/42/650 Espal'iol página 5 La información que figura en el presente informe refleja que el Gobierno de Israel sigue aplicando su política de anexión en los territorios ocupados en junio de 1967. El período que abarca este informe coincide con el vigésimo al'io de ocupación y estuvo caracterizado por el recrudecimiento de la tensión y la violencia en los territorios. A la luz de las pruebas examinadas por el Comité Especial, parece que después de 20 al'ios de ocupación, todavía persiste la tragedia del pueblo .palestino. La joven generación de civiles en los territorios que ha nacido y crecido bajo el gobierno de ocupación, en constante contacto con diversas medi~as de hostigamiento, humillación y restricciones de sus derechos y libertades fundamentales. ~arece decidida a oponerse a la autoridad de los ocupantes y reaccionar contra ella. Dicha actitud tropieza con una determinación similar, tanto por parte de las autoridades israelíes que aplican la llamada política "de mano de hierro" corno de los colonos que imponen su autoridad cada vez que pueden, para contrarrestar y reprimir toda manifestación de hostilidad y protesta contra la actual situación. Un ejemplo concreto de esta determinación fue el violento motín de col~nos armados de Kiryat-Arba y Hebron del campamento de refugiados Dheisheh, que tuvo lugar en junio. El deterioro de la situación ha estado caracterizado por un notable aumento en la frecuencia e intensidad de incidentes cotidianos. La muerte a pufialaáas de Eliyahu Amedi, estudiante de un seminario rabínico de Jerusalén, fue seguida de dos semanas de extensos disturbios y motines en la zona de Jerusalén; durante todo el período que abarca el presente informe se produjo una situación particularmente inquietante en las universidades e instituc:!.ones educacionales de Palestina; las frecuentes comprobaciones de identidad de estudiantes y docentes por parte de las autoridades militares han dado lugar a incidentes que han ocasionado la muerte de estudiantes, el cierre repetido de diversas universidades y otras medidas de hostigamiento contra docentes y estudiantes como arrestos, detenciones administrativas, restricciones a la libertad de circulación o deportación. El padecimiento de la población civil se expresa además en el tratamiento que reciben miles de detenidos, algunos de ellos menores de edad. La denegación por parte de las autoridades de unas condiciones carcelarias adecuadas y las penalidades que sufren los detenidos han provocado amplias huelgas e,e hambre en casi todas las prisiones y campos de detenidos en los terLitorios ocupados. A pesar de las declaraciones optimistas de funcionarios israelíes con relación a la situación económica en los territorios ocupados, corno la afirmación del jefe de la administración civil de la Ribera Occidental en el sentido de que el afio 1986 marcaba "una verdadera recuperación económica" en la región que debía continuar en el futuro, en realidad era fácil observar contradicciones con los logros proclamados. Diversos obstáculos continúan impidiendo que se logren resultados económicos positivos y se siguen
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