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Arxiv:2011.06772V5 [Cs.GT] 19 May 2021
Memory-two zero-determinant strategies in repeated games 1 rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org Masahiko Ueda 1Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Research Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan Article submitted to journal Repeated games have provided an explanation how mutual cooperation can be achieved even if defection is more favorable in a one-shot game in prisoner’s Subject Areas: dilemma situation. Recently found zero-determinant Game theory strategies have substantially been investigated in evolutionary game theory. The original memory-one Keywords: zero-determinant strategies unilaterally enforce linear Repeated games, Zero-determinant relations between average payoffs of players. Here, we strategies, memory-n strategies extend the concept of zero-determinant strategies to memory-two strategies in repeated games. Memory- two zero-determinant strategies unilaterally enforce Author for correspondence: linear relations between correlation functions of Masahiko Ueda payoffs and payoffs at the previous round. Examples e-mail: [email protected] of memory-two zero-determinant strategy in the repeated prisoner’s dilemma game are provided, some of which generalize the Tit-for-Tat strategy to memory-two case. Extension of zero-determinant strategies to memory-n case with n ≥ 2 is also straightforward. arXiv:2011.06772v5 [cs.GT] 19 May 2021 © 2014 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. 1. Introduction 2 Repeated games offer a framework explaining forward-looking behaviors and reciprocity of rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org R. Soc. -
Core Competencies for Scientific Editors Of
Moher et al. BMC Medicine (2017) 15:167 DOI 10.1186/s12916-017-0927-0 CORRESPONDENCE Open Access Core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals: consensus statement David Moher1,2* , James Galipeau3, Sabina Alam4, Virginia Barbour5, Kidist Bartolomeos6, Patricia Baskin7,8, Sally Bell-Syer9,10, Kelly D. Cobey1,2,11, Leighton Chan12, Jocalyn Clark13, Jonathan Deeks14, Annette Flanagin15, Paul Garner16, Anne-Marie Glenny17, Trish Groves18, Kurinchi Gurusamy19, Farrokh Habibzadeh20,21,22, Stefanie Jewell-Thomas23, Diane Kelsall24, José Florencio Lapeña Jr22,25,26,27, Harriet MacLehose28, Ana Marusic29,30, Joanne E. McKenzie31, Jay Shah32,33,34, Larissa Shamseer1,2, Sharon Straus35, Peter Tugwell2,36,37, Elizabeth Wager38,39, Margaret Winker22 and Getu Zhaori40 Abstract Background: Scientific editors are responsible for deciding which articles to publish in their journals. However, we have not found documentation of their required knowledge, skills, and characteristics, or the existence of any formal core competencies for this role. Methods: We describe the development of a minimum set of core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals. Results: The 14 key core competencies are divided into three major areas, and each competency has a list of associated elements or descriptions of more specific knowledge, skills, and characteristics that contribute to its fulfillment. Conclusions: We believe that these core competencies are a baseline of the knowledge, skills, and characteristics needed to perform competently the duties of a scientific editor at a biomedical journal. Keywords: Core competencies, Scientific editor, Biomedical journal, Delphi, Expert consensus, Editor role Introduction and in guidance for members of editor organizations Scientific editors (editors are responsible for the content [3–8]. -
Scientific Data
Author: Amye Kenall, Associate Publisher, BioMed Central *For internal use only Open Data Research data: from journal policy to practice “[O]pen access to raw data will go the same way as open access to published papers…It would not be a surprise if, in a decade’s time, funders finally get tired of paying for data that researchers keep As part of a SpringerNature-wide project, we aim to provide consistent data policies and services to every journal. to themselves…we should fully expect funders to demand that grantees share data” Why? y At least 28 research funders globally have policies or mandates Andrew J Vickers, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center y Improving author service by standardizing research www.bmj.com/content/342/bmj.d2323 (2011) that require data archiving as a condition of grants, including: data policies and procedures and increasing the y National Science Foundation (NSF) visibility and connectivity of their articles and data y National Institutes of Health (NIH) y Improving editor and peer reviewer service with What do we plan to provide and when? y Wellcome Trust better guidelines and support for data policies, and visibility of data in the peer-review process y A research data policy for every relevant publication (journals, books, proceedings) y Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation y Improving reader service with more consistent y Begin by developing 4 standardized data policies y Sharing data is good for research—and researchers and useful links to data y First groups of journals to introduce standard policy in -
SUBMISSION from SPRINGER NATURE Making Plan S Successful
PLAN S IMPLEMENTATION GUIDANCE: SUBMISSION FROM SPRINGER NATURE Springer Nature welcomes the opportunity to provide feedback to the cOAlition S Implementation Guidance and contribute to the discussion on how the transition to Open Access (OA) can be accelerated. Our submission below focuses mainly on the second question posed in the consultation: Are there other mechanisms or requirements funders should consider to foster full and immediate Open Access of research outputs? Making Plan S successful: a commitment to open access Springer Nature is dedicated to accelerating the adoption of Open Access (OA) publishing and Open Research techniques. As the world’s largest OA publisher we are a committed partner for cOAlition S funders in achieving this goal which is also the primary focus of Plan S. Our recommendations below are therefore presented with the aim of achieving this goal. As a first mover, we know the (multiple) challenges that need to be overcome: funding flows that need to change, a lack of cooperation in funder policies, a lack of global coordination, the need for a cultural change in researcher assessment and metrics in research, academic disciplines that lack OA resources, geographic differences in levels of research output making global “Publish and Read” deals difficult and, critically, an author community that does not yet view publishing OA as a priority. While this uncertainty remains, we need the benefits of OA to be better described and promoted as well as support for the ways that enable us and other publishers to cope with the rapidly increasing demand. We therefore propose cOAlition S adopt the following six recommendations which we believe are necessary to deliver Plan S’s primary goal of accelerating the take-up of OA globally while minimising costs to funders and other stakeholders: 1. -
GUIDELINES for AUTHORS 2020-Ver-05-En
GUIDELINES FOR AUTHORS 2020-ver-05-En 1. GENERAL INFORMATION “Comunicar”, Media Education Research Journal, is a bilingual publication from Grupo Comu- nicar Ediciones (VAT: G-21116603). This established non-profit professional group, founded in 1988 in Spain, specialises in the field of media education. The journal has been in print continuously since 1993, and is currently published quarterly. Contents are peer reviewed, in accordance with the publication standards established in the APA 7.0 (American Psychological Association) manual. Compliance with these requirements facilitates indexing in the main databases of international journals in this field, ensuring the dissemination of published papers and therefore improves the profile of the authors and their centres. “Comunicar” is indexed in Journal Citation Reports (WoS-JCR), Scopus (Citescore), REDIB, FECYT and over 725 international databases, catalogues, and repertoires worldwide. Each issue of the journal comes in a print (ISSN: 1134-3478) and electronic formats (e-ISSN: 1988-3293) (www.comunicarjournal.com), its interface and abstracts are available in Chinese and Portuguese. Each paper is identified with a DOI (Digital Object Identifier System). 2. SCOPE AND POLICY 2.1. Subject Matter Fundamentally, papers related to communication and education, and especially the intersection between the two fields: media literacy, educational media and resources, educational technology, audiences, new languages, social networks, multimedia and audio-visual tech- nologies... 2.2. Contributions “Comunicar” publishes research results related to the convergence between education and communication, written in Spanish or English. Also, reports, studies, proposals and selected state-of-the-art articles can be sent. It is the authors’ responsibility to ensure their submissions are original and have not been published previously or are in the process of being published elsewhere, and provide final research results. -
Cutleriaceae, Phaeophyceae)Pre 651 241..248
bs_bs_banner Phycological Research 2012; 60: 241–248 Taxonomic revision of the genus Cutleria proposing a new genus Mutimo to accommodate M. cylindricus (Cutleriaceae, Phaeophyceae)pre_651 241..248 Hiroshi Kawai,1* Keita Kogishi,1 Takeaki Hanyuda1 and Taiju Kitayama2 1Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe, and 2Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Japan branched, compressed or cylindrical thalli (e.g., SUMMARY C. chilosa (Falkenberg) P.C. Silva, C. compressa Kützing, C. cylindrica Okamura and C. multifida Molecular phylogenetic analyses of representative Cut- (Turner) Greville); (ii) flat, fan-shaped thalli (e.g. C. leria species using mitochondrial cox3, chloroplast adspersa (Mertens ex Roth) De Notaris, C. hancockii psaA, psbA and rbcL gene sequences showed that E.Y. Dawson, C. kraftii Huisman and C. mollis Allender C. cylindrica Okamura was not included in the clade et Kraft). However, only a sporophytic generation is composed of other Cutleria species including the gen- reported for some taxa and the nature of their gameto- eritype C. multifida (Turner) Greville and the related phytic (erect) thalli are unclear (e.g. C. canariensis taxon Zanardinia typus (Nardo) P.C. Silva. Instead, (Sauvageau) I.A. Abbott et J.M. Huisman and C. irregu- C. cylindrica was sister to the clade composed of the laris I.A. Abbott & Huisman). Cutleria species typically two genera excluding C. cylindrica. Cutleria spp. have show a heteromorphic life history alternating between heteromophic life histories and their gametophytes are relatively large dioecious gametophytes of trichothallic rather diverse in gross morphology, from compressed or growth and small crustose sporophytes, considered cylindrical-branched to fan-shaped, whereas the sporo- characteristic of the order. -
Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://www.nap.edu/24781 SHARE Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic: Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use DETAILS 380 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-45954-9 | DOI: 10.17226/24781 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Richard J. Bonnie, Morgan A. Ford, and Jonathan K. Phillips, Editors; Committee on Pain Management and Regulatory Strategies to Address Opioid Abuse; Board on Health Sciences Policy; Health and FIND RELATED TITLES Medicine Division; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Pain Management and the Opioid Epidemic: Balancing Societal and Individual Benefits and Risks of Prescription Opioid Use PAIN MANAGEMENT AND THE OPIOID EPIDEMIC BALANCING SOCIETAL AND INDIVIDUAL BENEFITS AND RISKS OF PRESCRIPTION OPIOID USE Committee on Pain Management and Regulatory Strategies to Address Prescription Opioid Abuse Richard J. Bonnie, Morgan A. Ford, and Jonathan K. Phillips, Editors Board on Health Sciences Policy Health and Medicine Division A Consensus Study Report of PREPUBLICATION COPY: UNCORRECTED PROOFS Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. -
Resolving Deep Nodes in an Ancient Radiation of Neotropical Fishes in The
Resolving Deep Nodes in an Ancient Radiation of Neotropical Fishes in the Presence of Conflicting Signals from Incomplete Lineage Sorting SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Table S1. Concordance factors and their 95% CI for the most frequent bipartitios in the concordance tree inferred from the Bayesian concordance analysis in BUCKy with values of α=1, 5, 10 and ∞. Bipartition α=1 α=5 α=10 α=∞ Gymnotiformes|… 0.961 (0.954-0.970) 0.961 (0.951-0.970) 0.96 (0.951-0.967) 0.848 (0.826-0.872) Apteronotidae|… 0.981 (0.973-0.989) 0.979 (0.970-0.986) 0.981 (0.973-0.989) 0.937 (0.918-0.954) Sternopygidae|… 0.558 (0.527-0.601) 0.565 (0.541-0.590) 0.571 (0.541-0.598) 0.347 (0.315-0.380) Pulseoidea|… 0.386 (0.353-0.435) 0.402 (0.372-0.438) 0.398 (0.353-0.440) 0.34 (0.304-0.375) Gymnotidae|… 0.29 (0.242-0.342) 0.277 (0.245-0.312) 0.285 (0.236-0.326) 0.157 (0.128-0.188) Rhamphichthyoidea|… 0.908 (0.886-0.924) 0.903 (0.872-0.924) 0.908 (0.886-0.924) 0.719 (0.690-0.747) Pulseoidea|… 0.386 (0.353-0.435) 0.402 (0.372-0.438) 0.398 (0.353-0.440) 0.34 (0.304-0.375) Table S2. Bootstrap support values recovered for the major nodes of the Gymnotiformes species tree inferred in ASTRAL-II for each one of the filtered and non-filtered datasets. -
Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with Assignment to a New Genus
Neotropical Ichthyology Original article https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2019-0126 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4ECB5004-B2C9-4467-9760-B4F11199DCF8 A redescription of deep-channel ghost knifefish, Sternarchogiton preto (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with assignment to a new genus Correspondence: 1 2 3 Maxwell J. Bernt Maxwell J. Bernt , Aaron H. Fronk , Kory M. Evans 2 [email protected] and James S. Albert From a study of morphological and molecular datasets we determine that a species originally described as Sternarchogiton preto does not form a monophyletic group with the other valid species of Sternarchogiton including the type species, S. nattereri. Previously-published phylogenetic analyses indicate that this species is sister to a diverse clade comprised of six described apteronotid genera. We therefore place it into a new genus diagnosed by the presence of three cranial fontanels, first and second infraorbital bones independent (not fused), the absence of an ascending process on the endopterygoid, and dark brown to black pigments over the body surface and fins membranes. We additionally provide Submitted November 13, 2019 a redescription of this enigmatic species with an emphasis on its osteology, and Accepted February 2, 2020 by provide the first documentation of secondary sexual dimorphism in this species. William Crampton Published April 20, 2020 Keywords: Amazonia, Neotropics, Sexual dimorphism, Systematics, Taxonomy. Online version ISSN 1982-0224 Print version ISSN 1679-6225 1 Department of Ichthyology, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Neotrop. Ichthyol. Street, 10024-5192 New York, NY, USA. [email protected] 2 Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. -
Der Wert Des Schreibens
2016 / Einsichten Das Forschungsmagazin Nummer 2 Nummer 2 / 2016 Der Wert des Schreibens . Das Forschungsmagazin . Das Forschungsmagazin Gesund trotz HIV Immunsystem: Die feinen Unterschiede Einsichten Entscheidung für den Eingriff Nummer 2 / 2016 Einsichten. Das Forschungsmagazin Editorial Der Wert des demokratischen Korrektivs: Journalisten im Gespräch mit Politikern, hier im August 2016 mit Pedro Sanchez, damals Chef der Sozialisten, über die Regierungskrise in Spanien. Foto: Gerard Julien/AFP/Getty Images Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser, der Wert des Schreibens: Wer auf die prekäre Lage für kritische unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln. Die Literaturwissenschaftlerin Inka Journalisten in der Türkei schaut, um nur ein extremes Beispiel zu Mülder-Bach analysiert Prosa als Ausdruck und Formgeber der nennen, dem dürfte der Wert eines demokatischen Korrektivs un- Moderne, als Begriff für einen „Weltzustand”. Die Kulturwissen- mittelbar einleuchten. Doch auch dort, wo Regierungen Verfassung schaftler Jens-Uwe Hartmann, Andreas Kaplony und Walther Salla- und Zivilgesellschaft nicht demontieren, gerät der Journalismus berger gewinnen aus alten Handschriften tiefe Einblicke in Struktur unter Druck. Manche sehen ihn sogar in Gefahr, wenngleich dies na- und Alltag früherer Gesellschaften. Schreiben und veröffentlichen, türlich nicht eine Bedrohung für Leib und Leben seiner Protagonis- das ist der Nachweis wissenschaftlichen Erfolges: Wie könnte die- ten bedeutet. Romy Fröhlich, Thomas Hanitzsch und Neil Thurman ses Bewertungssystem in einer neuen Publikationskultur -
The Deep-Water Macroalgal Community of the East Florida Continental Shelf (USA)* M
HELGOLANDER MEERESUNTERSUCHUNGEN Helgol~inder Meeresunters. 42, 133-163 (1988) The deep-water macroalgal community of the East Florida continental shelf (USA)* M. Dennis Hanisak & Stephen M. Blair Marine Botany Department, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution; 5600 Old Dixie Highway, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA ABSTRACT: The deep-water macroalgal community of the continental shelf off the east coast of Florida was sampled by lock-out divers from two research submersibles as part of the most detailed year-round study of a macroalgal community extending below routine SCUBA depths. A total of 208 taxa (excluding crustose corallines) were recorded; of these, 42 (20.2 %), 19 (9.1%), and 147 (70.7 %) belonged to the Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta, respectively. Taxonomic diversity was maximal during late spring and summer and minimal during late fall and winter. The number of reproductive taxa closely followed the number of taxa present; when reproductive frequency was expressed as a percentage of the species present during each month, two peaks (January and August) were observed. Most perennial species had considerable depth ranges, with the greatest number of taxa observed from 31 to 40 m in depth. Although most of the taxa present also grow in shallow water (i.e. <10 m), there were some species whose distribution is hmited to deeper water. The latter are strongly dominated by rhodophytes. This community has a strong tropical affinity, but over half the taxa occur in warm-temperate areas. Forty-two new records (20% of the taxa identified) for Florida were listed; this includes 15 taxa whicl~ previously had been considered distributional disjuncts in this area. -
The Systematics of Lobophora (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) in the Western Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans: Eight New Species1
J. Phycol. 55, 611–624 (2019) © 2019 Phycological Society of America DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12850 THE SYSTEMATICS OF LOBOPHORA (DICTYOTALES, PHAEOPHYCEAE) IN THE WESTERN ATLANTIC AND EASTERN PACIFIC OCEANS: EIGHT NEW SPECIES1 Olga Camacho 2 Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA Programa de Pos-Graduac ß~ao em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Departamento de Bot^anica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil Cindy Fernandez-Garc ıa Centro de Investigacion en Ciencias del Mar y Limnologıa (CIMAR), Escuela de Biologıa, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San Jose, 11501-2060, Costa Rica Christophe Vieira Phycology Research Group and Center for Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S8), B-9000 Ghent, Belgium Carlos Frederico D. Gurgel Programa de Pos-Graduac ß~ao em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Departamento de Bot^anica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil James N. Norris Department of Botany, NHB166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, 20013-7012, USA David Wilson Freshwater Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, 28403, USA and Suzanne Fredericq Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504-3602, USA Lobophora is a common tropical to temperate genus morphological characters were thallus thickness and of brown algae found in a plethora of habitats including number of cell layers in both the medulla and the shallow and deep-water coral reefs, rocky shores, dorsal/ventral cortices. Following a consensus mangroves, seagrass beds, and rhodoliths beds.