DOCSLIB.ORG

The Fate of Ethnic Democracy in Post-Communist Europe Local Government EUROPEAN CENTRE and Public Service for Reform Initiative MINORITY ISSUES

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Fate of Ethnic Democracy in Post-Communist Europe Local Government EUROPEAN CENTRE and Public Service for Reform Initiative MINORITY ISSUES The Fate of Ethnic Democracy in Post-Communist Europe Local Government EUROPEAN CENTRE and Public Service FOR Reform Initiative MINORITY ISSUES THE FATE OF ETHNIC DEMOCRACY IN POST-COMMUNIST EUROPE LGI Books Edited by SAMMY SMOOHA AND PRIIT JÄRVE First edition published by Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative Open Society Institute Nádor utca 11 H–1051 Budapest, Hungary Telephone: (+36 1) 327 3104 Fax: (+36 1) 327 3105 http://lgi.osi.hu Design & Production by Judit Kovács/Createch Ltd. © ECMI, 2005. ECMI retains the copyright of all materials, including all publishing and subsidiary rights. OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE TM and Copyright © 2005 Open Society Institute All rights reserved. The views expressed by the contributors to this book do not reflect the views of either LGI, ECMI or the editors of the book, but are the sole responsibility of the authors. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system or translated, in any form or by any means, without the permission of the Publisher. ISBN: 963 9419 74 9 ISSN: 1586-1317 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book is available upon request. Cover photo: © Getty Images – Illustration Works – Gwilym Johnston Cover design: Tom Bass and Judit Kovács Copy editor: John Kowalzyk Printed in Hungary by Createch Ltd., March 2005 Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative (LGI), as one of the programs of the Open Society Institute (OSI), is an international development and grant-giving organization dedicated to the support of good governance in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). LGI seeks to fulfill its mission through the initiation of research and support of development and operational activities in the fields of decentralization, public policy formation and the reform of public administration. With projects running in countries covering the region between the Czech Republic and Mongolia, LGI seeks to achieve its objectives through: • development of sustainable regional networks of institutions and professionals engaged in policy analysis, reform-oriented training and advocacy; • support and dissemination of in-depth comparative and regionally applicable policy studies tackling local government issues; • support of country-specific projects and delivery of technical assistance to the implementation agencies; • assistance to Soros foundations with the development of local government, public administration and/or public policy programs in their countries of the region; • publication of books and studies dealing with the issues of decentralization, public administration, good governance, public policy and lessons learned from the process of transition in these areas; • development of curricula and organization of training programs dealing with specific local government issues; • support of policy centers and think tanks in the region. Apart from its own projects, LGI works closely with a number of other international organizations (Council of Europe, Department for International Development, USAID, UNDP and the World Bank) and co-funds larger regional initiatives aimed at the support of reforms on the subnational level. The Local Government Information Network (LOGIN) and the Fiscal Decentralization Initiative (FDI) are two main examples of this cooperation. For additional information or specific publications, please contact: Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative P.O. Box 519 H–1397 Budapest, Hungary E-mail: [email protected] • http://lgi.osi.hu Telephone: (+36 1) 327 3104 • Fax: (+36 1) 327 3105 vii Introduction to the Series The Fate of Ethnic Democracy in Post-Communist Europe is the third volume in the ECMI/LGI Series on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues. The Series is a joint venture of the European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) and the Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative (LGI). ECMI conducts practice-oriented research, provides information and docu- mentation, and offers advisory services concerning minority–majority relations in Europe; in addition, it engages in constructive conflict management through its action-oriented projects, particularly in the Balkans and the Baltic states. LGI, a programme of the Open Society Institute, is a think tank specializing in improving governance practices and the provision of public services, especially at the local level. The ECMI/LGI Series aims to provide a highly visible and accessible platform for ECMI’s cutting-edge studies. These multi-author works are the result of the Centre’s coop- erative research projects, often lasting a number of years. While these projects were at times supported by conferences and seminars, the resulting books attempt to present a coherent and comprehensive picture of the area under investigation. In this way, the Series avoids the pitfalls of conference publications that often lack a clear focus and structure. The Series also enables both ECMI and LGI to strengthen the link between their proactive work across Europe and the development of scholarly work that is geared towards influencing policy decisions. Through these studies, ECMI and LGI will raise awareness of crosscutting issues related to majority-minority relations and will analyze new issues and practices as they arise. In this way, the Series will advance the practical understanding of new challenges concerning minority issues while at the same time adding a dimension of theoreti- cally based understanding. The majority of countries in the former Eastern bloc, in particular in Central and Eastern Europe, feature multiethnic societies. Decentralization and the transition to a free market environment have made this characteristic of nation-states more visible and have raised the claim for a proactive approach toward multiethnic community management. The first step for countries that plan to solve ethnic conflicts in a peaceful way is to draft legisla- tion on individual and collective minority rights. The second step is to implement these rules and manage the public sector in accordance with the accepted principles. As there is a lack of relevant literature and research in this field, the ECMI/LGI Series intends to fill the gap by providing information and ‘food for thought’ for public officials and relevant professionals as well as practitioners. It is hoped that the ECMI/LGI publishing partnership will result in a significant addition to the study and practice of emerging policy issues related to minorities. Marc Weller Petra Kovács European Centre for Minority Issues Local Government and Public Service Reform Initiative viii Also available in the Series Vol. 1 Kinga Gál (ed.) Minority Governance in Europe (2002) Vol. 2 Farimah Daftary and François Grin (eds.) Nation-Building, Ethnicity and Language Politics in Transition Countries (2003) ix Contents List of Contributors xi List of Tables and Figures xiii Foreword xv Introduction Priit Järve 1 Sammy Smooha The Model of Ethnic Democracy 5 Priit Järve Re-Independent Estonia 61 Svetlana Diatchkova Ethnic Democracy in Latvia 81 Natalie Sabanadze Georgia’s Ethnic Democracy: Source of Instability 115 Graham Holliday From Ethnic Privileging to Power-Sharing: Ethnic Dominance and Democracy in Macedonia 139 Florian Bieber Serbia in the 1990s: The Case of an Ethnic Semi-Democracy 167 Robert Curis A Model in the Making: The Case of Kosovo 191 Valery Perry Ethnic Democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Containing the Spectre? 209 Conclusion Sammy Smooha The Non-Emergence of a Viable Ethnic Democracy in Post-Communist Europe 241 Index 259 xi List of Contributors Florian Bieber is a Senior Non-Resident Research Associate of the European Centre for Minority Issues, based in Belgrade, and a recurrent Visiting Professor at the Central European University, Budapest. He furthermore teaches at the Regional Masters Program for Democracy and Human Rights in Sarajevo. He received his Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Vienna. He has published articles on national- ism and politics in south-eastern Europe and has edited a variety of works on similar topics, including Montenegro in Transition: Problems of Identity and Statehood (Baden- Baden: Nomos, 2003); (with Džemal Sokolović) Reconstructing Multiethnic Societies: The Case of Bosnia-Herzegovina (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001); and (with Židas Daskalovski) Understanding the War in Kosovo (London: Frank Cass, 2003). Robert Curis received his Master of Science of Foreign Service (MSFS) from Georgetown University in Washington DC in 2000. With his B.A. from the University of Notre Dame in 1989, he was in the first undergraduate class to complete the ‘Concentration’ in Peace Studies. He is currently Kosovo Representative for the European Centre for Minority Issues and previously worked as Senior Analyst with the International Crisis Group (2001). He worked for three years (1992–95) in Albania as a US Peace Corps volunteer and project consultant. Svetlana Diatchkova is a Researcher at the Latvian Centre for Human Rights and Ethnic Studies. She received her M.A. in Sociology at the University of Latvia with a speciali- zation in language sociology. Her research interests include various aspects of minority issues in Latvia, such as social integration policy, language policy, minority protection and the ethnic dimension of civic participation. Graham Holliday is Research Associate at the European Centre for Minority Issues.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Of Human Trafficking: Analysis of Photographs Illustrating Stories on Trafficking Into the Sex Industry in Serbian Media
    DOI: 10.14197/atr.20121778 Captured ‘Realities’ of Human Trafficking: Analysis of photographs illustrating stories on trafficking into the sex industry in Serbian media Elena Krsmanovic Abstract: Past research has looked at how the media frames human trafficking, but has seldom included analysis of visual representations. To bridge this gap, this paper scrutinises stereotypical representations of persons trafficked into the sex industry in photographs published in Serbian online media from 2011 to 2014. To uncover characteristics of dominant tropes in this sample, a method of semiotic analysis is applied. The analysis argues that images are dominated by portrayals of trafficked persons that fit into one of two frames: powerless victim or unworthy prostitute. Male figures are rarely presented in these photographs, but when present, they are shown to hurt or control the women depicted alongside them. Chains, padlocks, barcodes, whip marks, and other symbols associated with slavery are present to a lesser extent. However, they testify to the tendency to link human trafficking to slavery and to use the moral potential of the anti-slavery rhetoric. Photographs are too easily seen as authentic, factual transcripts of reality. This paper suggests that these images tell us more about societal fear of insecurity, ideas about gender, erotic obsessions and morality than about human trafficking itself. It also argues that the meaning of trafficking is shaped by the deeply embedded codes of patriarchy and hidden misogyny present in Serbian society. Keywords: human trafficking, trafficking into the sex industry, visual representation, media photographs, images of human trafficking, Serbia, Balkans, Eastern Europe Please cite this article as: E Krsmanovic, ‗Captured ―Realities‖ of Human Trafficking: Analysis of photographs illustrating stories on trafficking into the sex industry in Serbian media‘, Anti-Trafficking Review, issue 7, 2016, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • DRAFT SYLLABUS PS 324 European Politics Fall 2019
    DRAFT SYLLABUS PS 324 European Politics Fall 2019 Time and Location: 12{1.20pm MW Lillis 112 Professor: James Conran Email: [email protected] Office: PLC 911 Office Hours: TBD NB This syllabus is mostly based on the last time PS 324 was taught by Prof. Parsons. It is subject to significant change - please contact the instructor for any further details or other inquiries. This course surveys the contemporary politics of Europe. The central focus will be mostly on western Europe, with particular attention to Great Britain, France, and Germany, though the formerly Communist countries of central and eastern Europe will also be mentioned. We will also pay considerable attention to the European Union, which plays an increasingly central role in shaping the politics of European nation-states. Some of the substantive themes we will cover include: political cultures (e.g. ideologies), political institutions (e.g. electoral systems), political behavior (e.g. voting), political parties and public policy (especially social and economic policies such as the welfare state). Learning goals By the end of the course, students will be able to: • describe the most important characteristics of the political systems of several European countries. • summarize, orally and in writing, a range of views about the challenges and opportu- nities facing contemporary European democracies. • apply a range of social science theories and concepts to European political and eco- nomic developments and the public discourses (media reports, politicians' speeches etc.) around them. Assessment • Reading quizzes and participation (15%): It is essential that you come to each class meeting having carefully read all the assigned texts.
    [Show full text]
  • Borders As Infrastructure the Technopolitics of Border Control
    This PDF includes a chapter from the following book: Borders as Infrastructure The Technopolitics of Border Control © 2021 Massachusetts Institute of Technology License Terms: Made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ OA Funding Provided By: The open access edition of this book was made possible by generous funding from Arcadia—a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin. The title-level DOI for this work is: doi:10.7551/mitpress/11926.001.0001 Downloaded from http://direct.mit.edu/books/monograph/chapter-pdf/1957624/c000600_9780262366380.pdf by guest on 28 September 2021 1 The Border as a Vehicle Migrating through the Mountains Although the term “border” expresses delimitation and demarcation, it remains a concept with few limits. What was initially meant as a border, or which later becomes a border, can accrue functions not normally associated with borders. I state this not to preempt attempts to define “borders” in advance, but to emphasize that borders arise, change, perish, and continue in other guises. Clavière is a municipality in the Susa Valley in Italy, at an altitude of 1,760 meters. The alpine village is home to a refuge known as Chez Jesus. “Chez Jesus” is not the original name of the building; nor was the building origi- nally a refuge. Once a church, Chez Jesus is now occupied by a pro- migrant collective. On April 22, 2018, approximately 300 so- called irregular migrants and activists gathered at the refuge. After sharing lunch, the migrants and activists, some affiliated with the No Borders movement, began their “march against frontiers”— a 19- kilometer trek from Clavière to the French city of Brainçon— to protest the militarization of the border by state authorities and the local police.1 The march was also a response to provocations by members of Generation Identitaire, the youth wing of Les Identitaires (formerly known as Bloc Identitaire), which was founded in 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Queer Theory, Ethno/Musicology, and the Disorientation of the Field
    Queer Theory, Ethno/Musicology, and the Disorientation of the Field Steven Moon We spend significant time and space in our academic lives positioning ourselves: within the theory of the field, in regard to the institution, within networks of interlocutors, scholars, performers, and so on. We are likewise trained to critique those positions, to identify modes of power in their myriad manifestations, and to work towards more equitable methods and theory. That is, we constantly are subject to attempts of disciplinary orienta- tion, and constantly negotiate forms of re-orientation. Sara Ahmed reminds us that we might ask not only how we are oriented within our discipline, but also about 1) how the discipline itself is oriented, and 2) how orien- tation within sexuality shapes how our bodies extend into space (2006). This space—from disciplinary space, to performance space, to the space of fieldwork and the archive—is a boundless environment cut by the trails of the constant reorientation of those before us. But our options are more than the dichotomy between “be oriented” and “re-orient oneself.” In this essay, I examine the development of the ethno/musicologies’ (queer) theoretical borrowings from anthropology, sociology, and literary/cultural studies in order to historicize the contemporary queer moment both fields are expe- riencing and demonstrate the ways in which it might dis-orient the field. I trace the histories of this queer-ing trend by beginning with early concep- tualizations of the ethno/musicological projects, scientism, and quantita- tive methods. This is in relation to the anthropological method of ethno- cartography in order to understand the historical difficulties in creating a queer qualitative field, as opposed to those based in hermeneutics.
    [Show full text]
  • "Model Minority" Myth Shuzi Meng | Soobin Im | Stephanie Campbell, MS YWCA Racial Justice Summit | Madison, WI 15 October 2019
    Minoritized Yet Excluded: Dismantling the "Model Minority" Myth Shuzi Meng | Soobin Im | Stephanie Campbell, MS YWCA Racial Justice Summit | Madison, WI 15 October 2019 AGENDA ● Introductions ● Learning objectives ● What sparked our interest ● Asian Americans, the hyphenated Americans and perpetual foreigners in the U.S. ● Hidden in the Black/White racial binary ● The Model Minority myth: What’s wrong with the positive stereotype? ● Activity: The myth crusher ● Implications for mental health and education ● Activity: Application to your own occupational/interpersonal settings ● Questions 3 HELLO! ● name ● racial/ethnic identity ● preferred pronouns ● share about: ○ an experience in which you were over- or underestimated ○ your favorite Asian dish or food 4 LEARNING OBJECTIVES ◈ Understand history of Asian Americans in the U.S. and the experiences of discrimination and implicit racial biases against Asian Americans. ◈ Recognize and identify how “positive stereotypes” can hurt not only Asian American communities, but all racial/ethnic groups. ◈ Increase confidence in interacting with and advocating for individuals who fall victim to such biases. 5 What Sparked Our Interest “Say My Name” 6 7 8 Xenophobia? Or beyond? What are the experiences of Asian Americans with U.S. nationality? 9 10 11 DISCUSSION In your table groups… What are your reactions to these videos? Do these resonate with your ideas of Asian Americans? If yes, why? If no, why not? 12 Asian Americans the hyphenated Americans and perpetual foreigners in the U.S. Where are you from? Where were you born? What are you? Your English is very good. 13 “One indication that Asian Americans continue to be viewed as foreigners (i.e., not Americans) is that attitudes toward Asian Americans are highly influenced by international relations between the United States and Asian countries (Lowe, 1996; Nakayama, 1994; Wu, 2002).” - Lee, 2005, p.5 14 HISTORY OF ASIAN AMERICANS IN THE U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Romanies in Italy: from National ‘Emergency’ to National ‘Strategy’ in Rome’S Campi Nomadi
    Romanies in Italy: From National ‘Emergency’ to National ‘Strategy’ in Rome’s Campi Nomadi Riccardo Armillei Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Swinburne Institute for Social Research Faculty of Health, Arts and Design Swinburne University of Technology 2015 Abstract This dissertation deals with the social exclusion of Romanies in Italy. Based on interviews with Romani individuals, institutional and Civil Society Organisations’ (CSOs) representatives, participant observation and a broad range of secondary sources, the thesis focuses on the condition of those living in ‘ campi nomadi’ (nomad camps) and on the recent implementation of a state of emergency, the so-called ‘ Emergenza Nomadi’ (Nomad Emergency). The enactment of this extraordinary measure concealed the existence of a long-established institutional tradition of racism and control directed at Romanies. It was not the result of a sudden, unexpected situation which required an immediate action, as the declaration of an ‘emergency’ might imply, but rather of a precise government strategy. The extreme poverty of the ‘Romanies of the camps’ should be understood as the result of a protracted institutional immobility and political vacuum, which has basically created the ‘emergency’ and the premises for the implementation of a ‘state of exception’. Specifically, the present study focuses on the city of Rome, where the author conducted fieldwork in 2011 and 2012, and provides an investigation of the interactions between Romanies, local institutions and Third Sector organisations. It finds that national and local institutions and their sub-contracted agents have failed to promote the social inclusion of this minority group.
    [Show full text]
  • Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds an End to Antisemitism!
    Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds An End to Antisemitism! Edited by Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat, and Lawrence H. Schiffman Volume 5 Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds Edited by Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat, and Lawrence H. Schiffman ISBN 978-3-11-058243-7 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-067196-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-067203-9 DOI https://10.1515/9783110671964 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For details go to https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Library of Congress Control Number: 2021931477 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2021 Armin Lange, Kerstin Mayerhofer, Dina Porat, Lawrence H. Schiffman, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston The book is published with open access at www.degruyter.com Cover image: Illustration by Tayler Culligan (https://dribbble.com/taylerculligan). With friendly permission of Chicago Booth Review. Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com TableofContents Preface and Acknowledgements IX LisaJacobs, Armin Lange, and Kerstin Mayerhofer Confronting Antisemitism in Modern Media, the Legal and Political Worlds: Introduction 1 Confronting Antisemitism through Critical Reflection/Approaches
    [Show full text]
  • SEM 2014 Membership Survey Report Features Stephen Stuempfle, Executive Director SEM 2014 Membership
    Volume 49, Number 2 Spring 2015 SEM 2014 Membership Survey Report Features Stephen Stuempfle, Executive Director SEM 2014 Membership EM conducted comprehensive surveys of its membership in 2002, 2008, and 2014, Survey Report Executive Director Stephen and obtained participation rates of 35% (565 respondents), 30% (547 respondents), S Stuempfle and 32% (545 respondents) respectively. The following report focuses on a selection of questions for which there is generally comparable data across these three years of Whose survey administration. Also included is data for some of the new questions added in the Ethnomusicology? 2014 survey. Due to differences in the structure of the three surveys and in the inclusion President Beverley and wording of questions, some of the numbers presented below are close approxima- Diamond tions based on available data. Section on the Status The report contains five sections: 1) General Characteristics of the Membership; 2) of Women: A Student Members; 3) Members Employed in Colleges and Universities; 4) Members Multivocal History Employed in Museums, Archives, or Other Organizations; and 5) Members’ Perceptions Elizabeth Clendinning of SEM as an Organization. SEM is grateful to its members for taking the time to complete the survey, to its Board of Directors for assistance with the development of questions, and to Jennifer SEM Studebaker (Office Coordinator) for preparing the 2014 online survey instrument and as- Announcements sisting with the compilation of data. 2015 Prizes From the Field 1) General Characteristics of the Membership What is your age? News 2002 2008 2014 Member News Under 21 0.9% 0.6% 0.2% In Memoriam 21-30 17.9% 19.6% 16.1% Hardja Susilo 31-40 23.9% 24.2% 29.4% 41-50 25.3% 19.2% 17.2% Our Back Pages 51-60 18.4% 22.9% 17.9% Conference Calendar 61-70 8.0% 9.8% 12.9% Ethnomusicology Internet Resources Over 70 3.7% 3.9% 6.3% Data indicates a decrease in the percentage of members in the “41-50” age bracket and increases in the “31-40,” “61-70,” and “Over 70” brackets over the past 12 years.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sociology of Ethnic Conflicts: Comparative International Perspectives
    Annual Review of Sociology Annual 1994 v20 p49(31) Page 1 The sociology of ethnic conflicts: comparative international perspectives. by Robin M. Williams Jr. Oppositions and deadly conflicts among ethnic collectivities are important around the world. Ethnies (our term for ethnic groups) also strongly affect interstate relations. Both interethnic and ethnic-state conflicts tend to be severe, protracted, and intractable. At the extremes, the stakes are total: survival versus genocide. Competition and rivalry for individualized economic and political goods are important, but the most intense conflicts are to be expected when the stakes are collective goods, including categorical claims to prestige and political authority. States are major actors in creating, accentuating, or diminishing ethnic identities. States are both arenas of rivalry and conflict and resources for ethnic mobilization and counter-mobilization. Because both ethnies and states are diverse, careful specification is required for fruitful analysis. The same dictum applies for the diverse types of oppositions and of conflicts. Ethnic conflicts arise from complex combinations of ethnic strength, class, inequality, political opportunity, mobilization resources, interdependence, and international interventions. Frequent but nonviolent protests, for example, are most likely by organized collectivities with substantial resources, operating in relatively open political systems. International aid to parties in domestic conflicts appears to prolong and intensify ethnic struggles. Research in this field contends with many difficulties, and one-sided theories do not fare well. Yet abundant descriptive materials are available, statistical techniques are improving, conceptual clarification continues, and substantive knowledge does accumulate. Accordingly, there is hope for better understanding of some of the most destructive and tragic conflicts of our times.
    [Show full text]
  • The Democratic Party and the Transformation of American Conservatism, 1847-1860
    PRESERVING THE WHITE MAN’S REPUBLIC: THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN CONSERVATISM, 1847-1860 Joshua A. Lynn A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: Harry L. Watson William L. Barney Laura F. Edwards Joseph T. Glatthaar Michael Lienesch © 2015 Joshua A. Lynn ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Joshua A. Lynn: Preserving the White Man’s Republic: The Democratic Party and the Transformation of American Conservatism, 1847-1860 (Under the direction of Harry L. Watson) In the late 1840s and 1850s, the American Democratic party redefined itself as “conservative.” Yet Democrats’ preexisting dedication to majoritarian democracy, liberal individualism, and white supremacy had not changed. Democrats believed that “fanatical” reformers, who opposed slavery and advanced the rights of African Americans and women, imperiled the white man’s republic they had crafted in the early 1800s. There were no more abstract notions of freedom to boundlessly unfold; there was only the existing liberty of white men to conserve. Democrats therefore recast democracy, previously a progressive means to expand rights, as a way for local majorities to police racial and gender boundaries. In the process, they reinvigorated American conservatism by placing it on a foundation of majoritarian democracy. Empowering white men to democratically govern all other Americans, Democrats contended, would preserve their prerogatives. With the policy of “popular sovereignty,” for instance, Democrats left slavery’s expansion to territorial settlers’ democratic decision-making.
    [Show full text]
  • Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878
    BLOOD TIES BLOOD TIES Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 I˙pek Yosmaog˘lu Cornell University Press Ithaca & London Copyright © 2014 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yosmaog˘lu, I˙pek, author. Blood ties : religion, violence,. and the politics of nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 / Ipek K. Yosmaog˘lu. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5226-0 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8014-7924-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Macedonia—History—1878–1912. 2. Nationalism—Macedonia—History. 3. Macedonian question. 4. Macedonia—Ethnic relations. 5. Ethnic conflict— Macedonia—History. 6. Political violence—Macedonia—History. I. Title. DR2215.Y67 2013 949.76′01—dc23 2013021661 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Paperback printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Josh Contents Acknowledgments ix Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Islamism a New Phase Or Ideological
    Post-Islamism A New Phase or Ideological Delusions? 2 Post - Islamism The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan The Deposit Number at The National Library (2018/12/6029) 324.2182 AbuRumman, Mohammad Suliman Post Islamism: A New Phase or Ideological Delusions?/ Mohammad Sulima- nAbuRumman; translated by William Joseph Ward. – Amman: Friedrich- Ebert-Stiftung, 2018 (232) p. Deposit No.: 2018/12/6029 Descriptors: /Religious Parties//Political Parties// Arab Countries/ ﻳﺘﺤﻤﻞ اﳌﺆﻟﻒ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ اﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﳏﺘﻮ￯ ﻣﺼﻨﻔﻪ ﻭﻻ ﹼﻳﻌﱪ ﻫﺬا اﳌﺼﻨﻒ ﻋﻦ رأﻱ داﺋﺮة اﳌﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ أﻭ أﻱ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ أﺧﺮ￯. Published in 2018 by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Jordan & Iraq FES Jordan & Iraq P.O. Box 941876 Amman11194 Jordan Email:[email protected] Website:www.fes-jordan.org Not for Sale © FES Jordan & Iraq All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the publishers. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are solely those of the original author. They do not necessarily represent those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung or the editor. Translation: Industry Arabic Cover design: Yousef Saraireh Lay-out: Eman Khattab Printing: Economic Press ISBN: 978-9957-484-91-0 Foreword 3 Post-Islamism A New Phase or Ideological Delusions? Editor: Dr. Mohammed Abu Rumman 4 Post - Islamism Foreword 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword 7 Introduction 9 Chapter 1 — Post-Islamism: Problems of the Term and Concept 21 Study 1: From Islamism to Post-Islamism: An Examination of Concepts and Theses, Hassan Abu Hanieh 23 Study 2: “Post-Islamism”: Lessons from Arab Revolutions, Luz Gómez 57 Study 3: The Failure of Political Islam: Ideological Delusions and Socio- logical Realities, Dr.
    [Show full text]