SENATE. Decel\IBER 19

$SENATE. Decel\IBER 19$

238 CONGRESSIONAL ROOORD-SENATE. DECEl\IBER 19_,

Also, a bill (H. R. 2258) for the relief of Katharine Bradley-to requesting favorable action upon the same; which, with the ac the Committee on Invalid Pensions. companying papers, was referred to the Committee on the Dis Also, a bill (H. R. 2259) for the relief of William B. Ellis-to the trict of Columbia, and o1·dered to be printed. Committee on Military Affairs. MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. By Mr. REYBURN: A bill (H.R.2260) granting a pension to A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. J. W. Christiana C. Queen, widow of Walter W. Queen, admiral United BRoWNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had passed States Navy-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. a bill (H. R. 2173) making an appropriation for the expenses of a By Mr. SPERRY: A bill (H.R.2261). to increase theJ>ension of commission to investigate and report on the true divisional line Alexander E. Ingraham-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. between the Republic of Venezuela and British Guiana; in which By Mr. TERRY (by request): A bill (H. R. 2262) to amend the it requested the concunence of the Senate. military record of J. R. Utley, late private of Companyn, Third Arkansas Cavalry, United States Army-to the Committee on Mili- VENEZUELA.N BOUNDA.RY CONTROVERSY. -tary Affairs. . The bill (H. R. 2173) making an appropriation for the expenses By Mr. WHEELER: A bill (H. R . .2263) to }l1ace Lieut. Col. of a comnnssion to in-vestigate and l'eport on the true divisional Alexander Stewart Webb on the retired list of the United States line between the Republic of Venezuela and British Guiana was Army-to-the Committee on MilitaTy Affairs. read the first time by its title. By Mr. RICHARDSON: A joint resolution (H. Res. 40) author l'.fr. SHERMAN. I move that the bill, after the second reading, izing Musadora, Victoria, Ella, and Frank Wasson., of Tennessee, to be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. present their claim to the Court of Claims-to the Committee on Jdr. COCKRELL. I have sent for the Senator from Alabama War Claims. fMr. MoRG.A.Nl, the present chairman of the Committee on Foreign :Re1ations, and I had hoped the Chair would not lay the bill before PETITIONS, ETC. the Senate until he returned. lie will be here in a few moments, Under clause 1 of RUle XXII, thefollowing petitions.and papers and I hope the Senator from Ohio will withhold his motion. were laid on the Clerk's desk and refen·ed as follows_: Mr. SHERMAN. I looked around for the Senator from Ala By Mr. BINGHAM: Petition.of Association of WoolMerchants bama, anQ. not seeing him here thought l would make the motion. of Philadelphia, favoring the reenactment of the-wool and woolen But I have no objection to letting the bill lie over until he comes in. ·schedule (K) of the tariff .law of 1890-to the Committee on Ways Mr. COCKRELL. He will be here in a moment; and it will be and Means. understood that the motion will be called up as soon as he returns. By Mr. BURTON of Missouri: Petition of Andrew.Harris and The VICE-PRESIDENT. The bill will lie on the table for the others, of Barry County, Mo., praying for an amendment :to the present. pension law of June 27, 1890-to the Committee on the Judiciary. 2ETITIONS AND MEMORI.A.LS. Also, Cuban ·resolutions from KanBas City, Mo., .adopted at a Mr. MITCHELL of Oregon presented the petition of George mass meeting of the citizens there.of-to the Committee on For Hughes, of Portland, Oreg., praying fol' an increase of pension; eign Affairs. which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. ByMr. COFFIN: Petition of the.heirs of Jane E. J obns, deceased, Mr. CULLOM .presented a petition, in the form of a resolution late of Prince George County., Md., pl'aying reference of her war adopted by the board of supervisors of Sangamon County, ill., claim to the Court of Claims--to the Committee on War Claims. praying for the maintenance of the Monroe doctrine; which was Also, petition of Jacob W. Bird, of Anne Arundel County, Md., refen·ed to -the Committee on Foreign Relations. praying reference of his war claim to the Court of Claims-to the Mr. HILL presented the petition of .George W. Armstrong, of Committee on War Claims. Minetto, "N.Y., praying for the enactment of legislation granting By l\!r. CONNOLLY: Memorial from thecountyboard of San relief to the heirs of Capt. John Wood, late a soldier in the Revo gamon County, ill., asking Congress to nse all proper means to lutionary war; which was referred to the Committee on Revolu maintain and enfol'ce the Monroe doctrine-to the Committee on tionary Claims. Foreign Affairs. .REPORT OF .A. COMMITTEE. By ~Ir. CURTIS of Kansas: Petition of Joseph H . .Hawley-to Mr. PEFFER, from the Committee to Examine the Several the Committee on Accounts. Branches of the Civil Service, to whom wa;s referred the bill :By Mr. HEPBURN: Petition of Hiram C. Rogers, of Allerton, (S. 238) to prohibit officers of the Government from refusing to Iowa, asking for an increase of pension-to the Committee on pay moneys appropriated by act of Congress, reported it with Jnvalid Pensions. an amendment. By Mr. HILBORN: Memorial of the San Jose Grange, No. 10, HOLID.A.Y RECESS. Patrons of Husbandry, of San Jose, Cal., in favor of the Govern- : ment constructing and controlling the Nicaragua Canal, and the Mr. COCKRELL. I am instructed by a majority of the Com indm'Sement of the California State Grange thereof-to the Com- mittee on Appropriations to report ba-ek favorably, Tecommending mittee on Foreign Affairs. · its passage_, the House concurrent .resolution which I send to the By Mr. HURLEY (by request): Petition and memorial of Wil desk. · liam H. Hale, in regard to the.American.Association for the .Ad The concurrent Tesolntion was read, as follows: Resol-ved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring), That when vancement of Science-to the Committee on Education. the two Houses adjourn on Friday, the 20th day of Deoembe:r, they stand ad· By Mr. LAYTON: Resolution of the Mannfaoturel's' Club of journed until12 o'clock meridian on Friday, January 3,1896. Philadelphia, demanding the immediate enactment of a bill giving · full and adequate protection to the woolgrowers, etc., of the United .Mr. CHANDLER. Is that a report from the Committee on ·States-to the Committee on Ways and Means. Appropriations? By 1\!r. MEYER: Concurrent resolution of thegeneralassembly The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair is so advised. of the State of Louisiana,infavorof improving the navigation of Mr. CHANDLER. If in order I object to the consideration of the Riv-er Breuf and Bayou Macon, in northeastern Louisianar the resolution at this time. to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. Mr. COCKRELL. Let the resolution lie over until to-morrow. Also, papers-to accompany House billNo. 2074-tothe Commit The VICE-PRESIDENT. The resolution will go over under tee on War Claims. the rule. By Mr.j\{ILLERofWest.Yirg.inia(byrequest): Petitionandex Mr. MITCHELL of Oregon. I should like to inquire of the hibits of James M. Stephenson-to the Committee on War Claims. Senator reporting the resolution whether it is reported favorably? By Mr. VAN VOORHIS: Papers-to accompany House bill No. Mr. COCKRELL. I stated it exactly. The committee report 2172, Fifty-fourth Congress, "A bill to muster into the United the resolution favorably, and recommend its passage just as it came from the other House. ·Stat-es service and grant an honorable discharge to Char~s Edward Hawn "-to the Committee on Military AffairsJ PAY OF EMPLOYEES. Mr. BLACKBURN. I am directed by the Committee on Ap propriations, to whom was referred the joint resolution (H. Res. 26) SENATE. to pay the officers and employees of the Senate and House of Rep resentatives their respective salaries for the month of December, THURSDAY, Decmnber 19, 1895. 1895, an the 20th day of said month, to Teport it without amend Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. ment, and ask for its present consideration. The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was.read and approved. The Senate, by unanimous consent, proceeded to consider the EXECUTIVE COMMUNIC.A.TION. joint resolution. The joint resolution was reported to the Senate without amend~ The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communication ment, ordered to a third reading, Tead the third time, and pa-ssed. from the Secretary of War, transmitting a letter from the Chief of Engineers, together with a draft of a prOJ>OSed act to regulate BILLS INTRODUCED. the use of the public parks and improved reservations in the Dis Mr. CARTER introduced a bill (S. 105.5) to establish a bureau trict of Columbia under the charge of the Chief of Engineers, and of military education and to promote the adoption of uniform

------1895. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 239

military drill in the public schools of the .several States and Terri He also introduced a bill {S. 1077) for the relief of J. M. Mont tories; which was read twice by its title, and 1·eferred to the Com gomery; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the mittee on :Military Affairs. · Committee on Claims. He also introduced a bill (S. 1056) for the reliBf of Jo.se-ph Ton He also introduced a bill (S.1078) authorizing anddirectingthe saint; which was read twice by its title_, and referred to the Secretary of Agriculture to cau.se to be made all necessary field Committee on the Judiciary. examinations, surveys, and experiments for the purpose of dem He also introduced a bill (S. 1057) for the relief of C. J. Baro onstrating the extent, etc., with reference to irrigation, of the nett, of Gardiner, Mont.; which was read twice by its title, and underflow waters between the ninety-seventh degree of west longi referred to the Committee on Territories. tude and the foothills of the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains, 1\ir. HALE introduced a bill (S. 1058) providing for the increase and making an appropriation therefor; which was read .twice by of the Navy; which was read twice by its title. its title, and referred to the Committee on Irrigation and Recla Mr. HALE. The bill in its general provisions follows the line mation of Arid Lands. of the act of last year, but it provides for a much larger increase He alsointroduced a bill (S.1079) to amend an act entitled "An of the Navy. I ask that it be sent to the Committee on Naval act to prevent the extermination of fur-bearing animals in Alaska,'-' Affairs, and I hope that committee will give it very early atten and for other pm·poses; which was read twice by its title, and tion. It is an important subject, referred to the Committee on Finance. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The bill will be referred to the Com He also introduced a bill (S.1080) to provide for the purchase of . mittee on Naval Affairs. a site and the erection of a public building thereon at Yankton, in Mr. ELKINS introduced a bill (S. 1059) granting .an increase the State of South Dakota; which was read twice by its title, and of pension to Louis C. Schilling; which was read twice by its referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. Mr. WILSON introduced a bill (S. 1081) to authorize the Soore He also introduced a bill (S.1060) to pay the claim of James H. tary of the Interior to pay from their own funds for certain legal Sentz; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Com services rendered the "Old Settlers" or Western Cherokee mittee on Claims. Indians; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the He also introduced a bill (S. 1061) authorizing additional com Committee on Indian Affairs. pensation to the assista-nt commissioners to the industrial exhibi Mr. MARTIN introduced a bill (S.1082) for the reli-ef of Irwin tion at :Melbourne, Australia; which was read twice by its title, Tucker, postmaster at ~ ew-port News, V a.; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Claims. by its title, and, with the accompanying paper, referr.ed to the Mr. PETTIGREW introd.ueed a bill (S. 1062) making an appro Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. priation to enlarge the military post of Fort Meade, near the city He also introduced a. bill (8.1083) for the relief of George H. of Sturgis~ in the State of South Dakota; which was read twice Plant, of the District of Columbia; which was read twice by its by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. titl-e, and referred to the Committee on Claims. He also introduced a bill (S. 1063) to establish a military poBt at He also introduced a bill (8.1084) for the relief of Isaac Daven .or near the .city of Pierre, Hughes County, in the State of South port and others, citizens of Virginia; which was read twice by its

Dak-ota; which was r-ea.d twice by its title, and referred to the Com title1 and referred to the Committee on Claims. mittee on Military Affairs. He also introduced a bill (S. 1085) for the relief of the Potomac He also introduced a bill (S. 1064) to fix the pay of certain non Steamboat Company; which was read twice by its title, and re commissioned officers of the United States Army; which was read ferred to the Committee on Claims. twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. Mr. THURSTON introduced a bill (S.1086) to establish a na He also introduced a bill (S. 1065) in relation to a farm for the tional university; which was read twice by its title, .and referred Indian training school at Pierre, S. Dak.; which was read twice to the Committee on Education and Labor. by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. He alsointroduoed a bill (8.1087) to remove the char~e of deser He also introduced a bill (8.1066) toauthorizetheSecretaryof the tion from the military record of William Cameron, alias Samuel lnterior to ascertain the amount due the Flandreau Sioux Indians, C. Cole; which was· read twice by its title, and referred to the and making an appropriation to pay the same; which was read Committee on Military Affairs. twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. Mr. CULLOM introduced a bill (S.1088) in the matter of proof He also introduced a bill (S. 1067) to provide for building and of death in pension cases under the old invalid law of 1862; which maintaining an Indian industrial school at or near Chamberlain, was read twice by its title, and, with the a-ccompanying paper, in the State of South Dakota, and at or near Rapid City, in the referred to the Committee on Pensions. . . State of South Dakota, and to provide a farm in conjunction there Mr. PROCTOR introduced a bill (S.1089) for the erection of a with; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Com public building at Newport, Vt.; which was read twice by its mittee on Indian Affairs~ title, and 1·eferred to the Committee on Public Buildings and He also introduced a bill (S.1068) authorizing the Secretary of. Grounds. the Interior to negotiate with the Indians residing upon the Chey He also introduced a bill (S.1090) to provide for the restatement, enne River Reservation, in South Dakota, for the purehase of a readjustment, settlement, and payment of dues to army officers pru:t of said reservation; which was read twice by its title, andre in certain cases; which was read twice by its title, and referred ferred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. to the Committee on Military Affairs. He also introduced a bill (S. 1069) to increase the pension of sol Mr. McMILLAN introduced a bill (S.1091) granting a pension diers and sailors who have been totally disabled from performing to Christiana C. Queen, widow of Walter W. Queen, formerly an any manual labor, and, having one or more additional diseases re admiral in the United States Navy; which was read twice by its sulting from the pensionable cause, who have tobeunder regular title, and refened to the Committee on Pensions. medical attendance at least one-half of the time, and that have Mr. SHERMAN introduced a bill (S. 1092) fortherelief of Bvt. drawn $30 per month for the past five years; which was read twice Lieut. Col. J. Madison Cutts; which was read twice by its title, by its title, and refened to the Committee on Pensions. and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. He also introduced a bill (8.1070) to increase the rate of pen Mr. BURROWSintrodu.ceda bill (S.1093) for the relief of Ruth sions for -certain cases of deafness; which was read twice by its Marshall; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. Committee on Pensions. He also introduced a bill (S.1071) granting a pension to George Mr. VOORHEES introduced a bill (S. 1094) for the relief of Gamache; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Thomas G. Corbin; which was read twice by its title, and referred Committee on Pensions. to the Committee on Naval Affairs. He al.so introduced a bill (S. 1072) granting a pension to Fred Mr. SHOUP introduced a bill (S. 1095) for the relief of Enoch erick Andros; which was read twice by its title, and 1·eferred to Vernon, a citizen of the United States; which was read twice by the Committee .on Pensions. its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. He also introduced a bill (S. 1073) to aid the State of South Mr. MITCHELL of Oregon introduced a bill (S. 1096) to in Dakota to support a school of mines; which was read twice by its crease the pension of Wilbur F. Cogswell; which was read twice title, and referred to the Committee on Public Land.s. by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. He also introduced a bill (S.1074) authorizing the Secretary of Be also introduced a bill (S. 1097) for the relief of Thomas J. the Interior t-o ascertain damages resulting to any person who Miller; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Com made entry upon lands within the present limits of the Sequoia mittee on Claims. and Yosemite National parks, in the State of G'alifornia, prior to PUBLICATION OF THE MESSA.GF..S OF THE PRESIDENTS. October 1, 1890; which was read twice by its title, an.d referred to the Committee on Public Land.s. Mr. GORMAN .submitted the foll~wing concurrent resolution; He also introduced a bill (8. 1075) for the relief of the heirs of which was referred to the Committet on Printing: Resolved by the Senate (the House of Repre.Jentatives concurrinfJ), That the D. Fulford; which was read twice by its title_, and referred to the Public Printer be, and is hereby, authorized to employ such clencal aid as he Conu:rll ttee on Claims. may find necessary in the copying, under the direction of the .r oint Commit He also introduced a bill (8.1076) for the relief of W. L. Hall; tee on Printing, of the messages of the Presidents of the United~tates from the Journals o! the Senate and House and the Executive Journals, !or the which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee printing thereof, and that the e;pense therefor be paid out of the appropria ·on Claims. tion for public printing and binding.

- 240 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 19,

PROPOSED FINANCIAL LEGISLATION. o.f a commission to investigate and report on the true divisional Mr. ALLEN. I submit a resolution and ask for its present lme between the Republic of Venezuela and British Guiana was consideration. read, as follows: The resolution was read, as follows: Be it enacted, etc., That the sum of $100,000, or so much thereof as may be Whereas py the President's. message to Congress of December 17, A. D. neceSS;R17, be, and the same is hereby, appropriated for the expenses of a 1895, regardmg the boundary line between Venezuela and British Guiana it COmmiSSion, to be appointed by the President, to investigate and re:Qort upon is made to appear that the contingency of war between the British Empire the. true divisional line between the Republic of Venezuela and British and the United States of America may suddenly arise; and Gu1ana. Whereas money is the first ~ssential in times of war, and in such an event the Government uses gold, silver, and paper money indiscriminately nntil Mr. ALLEN. I desire to enter an objection to the bill being tbe two former disappear and thereafter relies solely on paper money: read the second time to-day. - Therefore, Mr. MORGAN. It has been read for information. Re/}olved, That t~e C9mmittee on Finan~ be, and they are hereby, directed and mstructed to mqmre and report, by bill or otherwiSe, whether it would Mr. PLATT. It has had its first reading. not be expedient and proper for the Government of the United States of The VICE-PRESIDENT. The bill has been read the first time. America at this time to open its mints to the free and unlimited coinage of Mr. COCKRELL. The Senator from Nebraska has objected to gold and silver at the ratio of 1 to 16, and in addition thereto issue an ade quate volume of full legal-tender Treasury notes in the same manner such its second reading to-day. notes have heretofore been issued, and, in the interest of national safety with Mr. MORGAN. It can not be read the second time to-day draw the issue power of national banks and retire all bank currency. ' except by unanimous consent. It has only been read for infor: The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present con mation. sideration of the resolution? The Chair hears none. The ques The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair so understands. tion is upon agreeing to the resolution. [Putting the question.] Mr. MORGAN. Mr. President, the Senate of the United States Mr. PLATT. What is the vote? in con.sidering a question .of the gravi~y of this, of course ought Mr. ALLISON. Mr. President- to deliberate as long as It may find It proper and necessary in The VICE-PRESIDENT. One Senator has voted for the reso- order to come to an absolutely correct judgment. I therefore lution and another Senator. has voted against it. would prefer that this bill should take the course indicated by the Mr. COCKRELL. Two voted for it. I voted "aye." Senator from Ohio [Mr. SHERMAN], which is the customary course Mr. PLATT. What is the question? with .bills in this body, except in cases of extreme emergency and The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the that It should go to the Committee on Foreign Relations for' con resolution. sideration. But I should object to any reference unless the Senate Mr. ALLISON. Let it be read. agrees that we will have no holiday recess until that committee The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair submitted to the Senate can make its r~port, after prrives Vene ticularly, I might say, the letter of the Secretary of State to Mr. zuela of her free agencY. and puts her under virtual duress. Territory ac Bayard, to be communicated to Lord Salisbury, puts this matter quired by reason of it will be as much wrested from her by the strong hand as in such a clear, substantial, unequivocal light as that our action in if occupied bY, British troops or covered by British fleets. It seems therefore quite impossible that this position of Great Britain should be assented to by affirming it in any form could never be mistaken. Our action in the United States, or that, if such position be adhered to with the result of disaffirming it, if we should refuse an appropriation, of course, enlarging the bounds of British Guiana., it should not be regarded as amount would reach back through the whole question; and would deny the ing, in substance, to an invasion and conquest of Venezuelan territory. existence of that feature of American law which we call the Mon In these circumstances, the duty of the President appears to him unmistak able and imperative. Great Britain's assertion of title to the disputed terri roe doctrine. But so far as the question of the Monroe doctrine t~ry,combin!'ld ~thherrefusa:l to havethattitleinvestigated, beinga.sub3tan· itself is concerned, we have passed now to an attitude which I tial appropriatiOn of the terntoryto her own use, not to protest and give think must gratify this generation of men, and will be equally wa.rrung tliat the transaction will be regarded as injurious to the interests of the people of the United St.a.tes as well as oppressive m itself would be to ignore gratifyingtoallgenerationsof Americans who may hereafter live an established policy with which the honor and welfare of this country are we have passed to that attitude in which we assert the right of the closely identified. While the measures necessary or proper for the vindica United States~ as the controlling nationality on this continent, and tion of that policy are to be determined by another branch of the Govern ment,it is clearly for the Executive to leave nothing undone which may tend the first and most responsible Government, for the republican form to render such determination unnecessary. and principles of human government. That declaration has been made and will stand as the law of the United States if we pass the Those statement.\3 in that letter, all of which are exactly in har bill that comes from the House of Representatives, or any other bill mony with the conclusions I have just read, put this question in executing the wish of the Executive as he has expressed it, or his a settled form so far as our own attitude is concerned. They af recommendations upon this subject. firm that there is an American doctrine such as the Secretary of I am incapable, Mr. President, in any words that I can com State has formulated and has argued and has proven, and that mand, to adequately express my gratification that this question, whenever that doctrine becomes applicable in a material way to which has been so long under debate, has at last received such a the interests or the destiny of one of the American Republics the clear-cut definition, so substantially founded in truth and in jus Government of the United States stands committed in its solemn tice and in American policy, and so rooted and grounded in the declarations and, after this appropriation is passed, will stand system of government which obtains in the United States-our committe<}. absolutely by its legislation to the maintenance of republican constitutional form of government. I repeat, that I that doctrine. can never properly express my gratitude that we have arrived at What, then, remains for Congress to do? According to the rec a conclusion so entirely" comporting with the· dignity and honor ommendation of the President, nothingmorethan to make an ap of the Government of the United States, with its prestige among propriation to enable him to execute his constitutional function of the nations, and with the sentiments of all the people of our completing the inquiry and examination into the title of Vene country. At last we have attained to a ground by common con zuela and of Great Britain, so far as that may come under consid sent, which is now being put into the form of legislative action, eration, and of presenting that to the Congress of the United States which fixes absolutely the attitude of the United States as to the in such a manner that our action in the proposed application of existence of this question and as to the necessity of it,s enforce these doctrines to the case of Venezuela shall be certain and defi ment in any and every case where it becomes material and prac nite and may be based upon grounds that are sufficient. tical. I can understand, Mr. President, that a commission of three If the Senate will indulge me just a moment, I will read a few members, or five, or seven, or whatever number :r;njght be selected, extracts from the letter ofMr. Olney, in which, I think, the propo might have some differences of opinion in regard to .this question sition I have just stated is very clearly laid down. I read these of the title of Venezuela; and they might unnecesSarily interject extra.ct.\3 from Mr. Olney's letter that there may be no mistake or those differences into the main question, and they might thereby question that we accept and adopt his definitions of the Monroe dissipate a movement on the part of the Government of the United doctrine, as it is called, and the conditions that should call for its States which is intended to embody, and does embody, the·senti application. ment and strength and feeling and determination of the whole In his letter to Mr. Bayard, he says: people. · · -- The important features of the existing situation, as shown by the forego At least, our attitude might be rendered uncertain .in some de ing recital, may be briefly stated. gree by what we might call a preliminary or collateral division in 1. The title to territory of indefinite but confessedly very large extent is in our councils or opinions. Notwithstanding I had for+ned a dif dispute between Great Britain on the one hand and the South American Re· public of Venezuela on the other. ferent opinion :in the outset-I had not understood the exact pur 2, The disparity in the strength of the claimants is such that Venezuela. can port of the President's message as I think I understand.jt no,w, hope to establish ber claim only through peaceful methods-through an agree that a commission to be organized under an act of Congress woUld ment with hera.dversaryeitherupon thesubjectitself or upon an arbitration. 3. The controversy, with varying claims on the--part-of Great Britain, has . be necessary to c9mp~~te .. the work that the President has con- existed for more than half a. century, during which period many earnest and ducted so far-1 now view the subject in a different light, par- .· XXVTII-16 242 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. DECEMBER 19, ticularly consulting, as I am glad to be able to do and desire very the question shall suggest to them the propriety of having the much to do, the wishes of the President in respect of the further matter acted upon by a committee of this body, I am entirely dealing with this question. He says in his message to Congress: willing that it should be done. But when that is done I shall be In order that such an examination should be prosecuted in a thorough and of the-number who will enter, if it is necessary to enter, serious satisfactory manner I suggest that the Congress make an adequate appropri protest against any recess of Congress until the question is d.i& ation for the expenses of a. com.mission, to be appointed by the Executive, peopleof. Such a question can not be wisely or safely settled if it who .s hall make the necessa_!"y investigation and report upon the matter with the least possible delay. When such report is made and accepted, it will in is settled too late. The anxiety of the world over the outcome of my opinion be the duty of the United States to resist by every means in its this great controversy is too great to admit of unneces&ary delay power as a willful aggression upon its rights and interests the appropriation on the parl of Congress. And the questions are too senously im by Great Britain of any lands or the exercise of governmental Jurisdiction portant to be presented to Congress by the Executive in any un over any territory which after investigation we have determined of right be longs to Venezuela. certain form through divided counsels. Let us vote the supply that is needed to gain correct information as to all the material Here is an evident appeal by the President for the support, in facts involved in the case, and leave the right of untrammeled whatever conclusions he may reach upon the fads relating to the recommendation, as well as the undivided responsibility, in re -Venezuelan title to disputed territory, of the judgment of persons spect of these diplomatic questions, where it belongs under the to be appointed by him, upon a full examination of those questions, Constitution, upon the President. some of which are very delicate. Ihonorhim formakingthatap Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. President, I do not disagree with the peal, because it shows a deliberate purpose on the part of the views expressed by the Senator from Alabama [Mr. MORGAN], and President of the United States to proceed to the execution of these I hejlltily applaud the message of the President. Still, the ques American doctrines announced as law in the letter of Mr. Olney, tion as to how we shall deal with the message is a matter for the so far as they are applicable to the case of Venezuela, and to pro consideration of the Senate. We are not to act hastily. Every ceed in their execution, unless it shall turn out that, upon a full one, not only in this country, but in Europe, feels that the position and fair investigation of the title of Venezuela to this territory, taken by the United States in asserting the Monroe doctrine in a there is such a doubt about it that the American people should specific case is of the highest importance to all civilized nations. either take longer time to consider it or that theyshould abandon In acting upon the measure submitted to us by the President of the intervention. the United States I think we ought to proceed with deliberation. But, 1\ir. President, I do not wish to have, if I can avoid it, and I think the bill as passed by the other House ought to be amended, I do not think the country would like to see, any possible con it ought to be limited, it ought to be defined. There are several troversy or division of opinion between a high commission organ amendments suggested on both sides of the Chamber, which no ized by Congress and the President upon any question presented doubt will meet with favorable consideration. There is no hurry in his message. Suppose that after this declaration and after about this matter. The-controversy between Venezuela and Great this careful examination by Mr. Olney into the title of Vene Britain will not be settled in a day or in months. In my judg zuela, which he affirms upon the evidence now in reaeh, the ment it will be settled peaceably by the action of those two powers. high commission should find that Mr. Olney was mistaken in Great Britain has too great a stake in the history of the world to some of his conclusions, or that, after all, in their opinion or in attempt under the circumstances an act of injustice to a sma.ll the opinion of a majority of the commission, there was such country like Venezuela. The public sentiment of that country doubt about the title of Venezuela that we could not afford to will be aroused against it. The generous sentiments of English treat it as a subject that might possibly result in hostile collision men, Irishmen, and Scotchmen will be against robbing a. small with Great Britain, the President, if he did not concur in their country like Venezuela of a portion of its territory. I have no report, might be antagonized by this commission, and the Con doubt the question will be settled peaceably. gress of the United States having organized it, would, as a matter But the assertion of our right to prevent European powers from of course, have a right to their report and would be guided, to a seizing any part of the American continents, from treating Amer degree at least, in their action by its recommendations. ica as an Africa, to be conquered and divided among the various We might find ourselves in a state of serious embarrassment in nations of Europe, can not be questioned. These continents are regard to the question of enforcing this American doctrine if we settled in every part by people of European and Christian races, are guided by the report of a high commission, which, in its re and are controlled by them. The great nations of Europe are all sultant effects, might uproot the doctrine itself, or might expose interested in some part of America, England, however, having the it to another half century or century of debate and discussion. I greatest interest. She is in possession of a vast region north of shoulcllike to avoid the possibility of such a result as that, and I the United States. Under the circumstances I do not expect that would prefer that the Congress of the United States in this case, war will arise. I do not contemplate or wish to contemplate the as it has in all other cases where we have had to conduct belliger possibility of such an event. I have seen enough of war in my ent operations against foreign Governments, should take upon time to dread its progress and its consequences. I do not wish itself, in connection with the President of the United States, the in the slightest degree to say a word which would even indicate solution of this question in an authentic form, and not leave its that a war is likely to ensue about this small matter; but at the action to depend, in any degree, upon the judgment of a commis same time I think the President of the United States is right, sion, who may not be wiser or better informed, after all, than the under the circumstances, in announcing what we understand to be Congress itself or the President. It is the faithful research of the our duty as the most powerful of American nations, and in say commission, rather than its recommendations, that we shall ing to the countries of Europe, "These two continents are already need, and that the President requests us to provide for. occupied by Christian nations of Europe, and we, with our sixty I should dislike very much to be now compelled, after the firm odd millions of people-, are willing to say that the rights of those advance we have made upon this occasion, to reverse our action nations shall not be trampled upon by force and violence by so far as to leave this question in the hands of a commission to Enro pean powers." be organized by Congress for final decision. I prefer to leave it As a matter of course it is proper to say that we could not inter where the Constitution leaves it, in the hands of the President of fere in any agreement made between Venezuela and Great Britain the United States and upon his executive responsibility. He has as to the boundary between British Guiana and Venezuela. I not shrunk from the task. There is no indication that he will have a map here which shows better than any I have seen before shrink from it. The arguments upon which his action is predi the rapid encroachments made by Great Britain upon what is con cated are absolutely firm and sound, and they are right. If they sidered to be the territory of Venezuela. It shows that, beginning could be wrong, they are still American. The President has with a little colony derived from the Dutch, Great Britain added adopted the American judgment on this question without seeking to it a large region of country lying to .the west of it, and then for precedents in monarchic Europe, and his attitude upon this gradually by encroachments has finally reached up almost to the subject, in my opinion, is that of patriotism, firmness, decision, Orinoco River. This is a serious controversy. Great Britain has and courage. He recommends speedy action, so that I can not taken ground that she will not even submit to arbitration as to mistrust that his object is to delay action or to so provide as not anything on the south side of a particular line. Now, I think to bring this very exciting question to an early determination. that the British people, when they understand this matter, when There is not the least reason for anxiety or apprehension on that they see that it is attracting the attention of the civilized world, score. will not press their contention, especially when they remember I believe that the Senate of the United States would do well and that the Monroe doctrine was perhaps not so much the doctrine of would be thoroughly justified if we pass the bill just as it is and Mq_nroe as it was the doctrine of Canning, of England, then prime support the President and the "commission" by an appropriation minister, which was agreed to by the United States and Great of money. The word "commission" used in the billlS not a word Britain, and that the power to prevent encroachment by Ew·opea.n which c eates a commission by act of Congress. It is a word powers upon American territory or upon American States was which merely indicates that persons are to be appointed. by the asserted not only by· the United States, but by the cooperation President under his constitutional authority for gathering the and consent of England. proper information as to Venezuela's title. I do not wish that this matter shall be postponed beyond the Nevertheless, if there is an adverse opinion, or if what has present session; I do not desire to create any delay, but under the arisen in the minds of Senators while they have been conside1ing circumstances I do think that the bill ought to be referred to 1895. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 243 the Committee on Foreign Relations, of which my honorable made by Lord Salisbury and on which the English case appar friend the Senator from Alabama [Mr. MoRGANl is chairman, ently rests. Those papers would be necessary for the information and that it ought to be acted upon promptly and immediately. of the commission. It would not take long to send such an ex Let us hear and let that committee hear the suggestions of amend pert to Madrid or to the Spanish archives at Simancas and another ment that have been made. I could make some suggestions, and to The Hague. The methods of travel are now suffi.ci~ntly ra-pid perhaps I shall make them. Let the suggested amendm~nts be to enable them to go to both those points and get the required in fairly considered. If they are voted down by that comnnttee or formation in a short time. by the Senate, or if the commi~ee choose. to ~ke the H

proper means of settling the question to the end that a vexatious boundary I look upon the question of the Monroe doctrine as settled, not dispute between the two contestants might be determined and our exact standing and relation in respect to the controversy might be made clear. by the declaration of President Washington, nor by the declara· tion of President Mom·oe, but I look upon it as a doctrine that is That is a magnificent statement of the case, just in all its parts, inherent in every nation that has and must maintain an existence. appealing to England to baa party to an investigation by arbitra It is a doctrine of self-defense. The honorable Senator from In· tion, and to settle a vexatious boundary and avoid the possibility diana [Mr. VooRHEES] has illustrated it in his remarks. It is of collision hereafter. After five months of consultation among that doctrine which gwes this nation the power to protect itself themselves Great Britain declined that fair and honorable propo by prohibiting a foreign nation from acquiring territory upon sition. For my part, I am willing to joinissuewith them on that ground that may be a menace to us. I am not disposed to ·enter subject, and, as a preliminary step, find out exactly what are their into any dispute as to whether it is a national policy or an inter· rights in that country and what ours are, and then stand by them. national law or a law of self-defense. In my judgment it is a law The Senator from Ohio [Mr. SHERM:AN] is a little more mag of nations beca11se it is a law of self-defense, and certainly it is nanimous, possibly, or more generous than I am this morning. the policy of this Government. He says he has no idea that the great power, England, would Now, there will arise a question which this committee ought to attempt to put forth an unjust claim to territorial boundaries, or consider, and consider well. The Constitution invests in Congress, claim what did not belong to her. There is not a degree of lati not in the President, the power to declare war. The President is tude or longitude on the earth's surface on which she has not at not invested with any power to declare war or conclude peace. It tempted to do exactly that thing. All around the globe she has is a power vested in Congress. Are we to give the President power been the oppressor of weaker nations and weaker peoples, and the to appoint a commission without any approval upon our part after very map which the Senator from Ohio held up from his desk re his selection of a commission to visit Venezuela or the disputed futed what he said. The very map shows that she has gradually territory, or to sit elsewhere and acquire information upon this been encroaching from one line to another, hoping to be unseen subject, and then are we to be called upon to act upon the report in it until from some 70,000 square miles, her original claim, she of that commission without ever having had the power ourselves has over 100,000 square miles. She has by silent encroachment, of inquiring into it by a joint committee of Congress or a commit. and without any show of right or pretense, gone on and on from tee of either House? It occurs to me that that is a very important her original claim of the Schomburgk line, until now she has ab matter. I do not believe the Constitution of this country ever con· sorbed beyond her original claim more .territory than there is in templated that the President of the United States should have that the great State which the Senator from Ohio in part represents, power. I think that when our fathers conferred upon us, through and much more than there is in the State which lin part represent. the Constitution, the power to declare war and conclude peace, Mr. Presrdent, I do not wish to talk on this subject any more they impliedly confen-ed upon us the sole power and the sole means than is necessary, but I do intend to go to the line of what I be of ascertaining the circumstances under which war should be de· lieve to be right. I have no fear of war. I look upon war as a clared and peace concluded. horror, as other Christian men do, I hope; but there will benowar I am not prepared to say that the President of the United Stat-es here. There is a hostage lying on this continent north of us. may choose men whom he may see fit, regardless of the attitude of England will not fight on an issue of this kind. She does not dare Congress, and invest in them this high and delicate power. If the to. The commerce of the world is carried in English bottoms, and President has power or is given power to appoint this commission, I remember that in reading Mr. Canning only last year he stated one of the important things the Committee on Foreign Relations an instance where, in the war of 1812, insurance was paid for at must consider is, whether the names of the commissioners should the rate of 13 guineas for £100 of commerce to cross the Irish not be sent to the Senate for its consideration and approval before Channel. And it was not six months after the war of 1812 broke they receive their commissions. out until armed privateers swarmed the ocean, and insurance shops I do not anticipate that there is any likelihood of war between were shut up in London. They would not insure the commerce. Great Britain and the United States of America. When I have No, Mr. President, there will be an adjustment and settlement, listened to resolutions introduced here, and bold declarations upon but it might as well be known now on both sides of the ocean that the part of Republicans and Democrats alike, and especially when England's great colonizing career has to have some definite limits, I listened to the proposed amendment of the Senator from Massa some boundaries. Washington, in his Farewell Address, laid chusetts [Mr. LODGE] to the effect that this matter should not be down the doctrine that we would not interfere with the affairs of settled until the 1st of April, I have sometimes been inclined to Europe; and as a sequence they shall not interfere with American believe that there was more of political warfare in the future affairs. There is a logical sequence of the Farewell Address. Let between the two great political parties of the Union than there us have that understood, and we will go on peaceably, but if Eng would be of warfare between Great Britain and the United States. land determines that she will fix her own boundaries in South I shall insist upon my objection to the second reading of the America she can come up and with as much justification take the bill to-day. Mexican State of Chihuahua or any other one of those States, Mr. CULLOM. I rose simply to inquire of the Senator whether and plant her guns until they point over the American line; and he intended to insist upon his objection, and I did that for the inasmuch as she is in a foreign country from us and settling with reason that I think the discussion would be more legitimate when that country, however weak or feeble it may be, we would have the bill has been read the second time, as it has just received its to stand still and look on. Such is not the doctrine of this Gov first reading and has been read simply for information. ernment, and such will not be the decision of the American people. Mr. ALLEN. I shall insist upon the objection. Without any intent to bluster about the matter at all, I think Mr. CULLOM. I shall probably make some remarks later on, there has been time enough spent. It took nearly six months, as after the bill has been read the second time. I say, for the British Government to send an answer, and then Mr. HAWLEY. Mr. President, I do not propose to discuss the they sent us a declination to so just and wise a proposition as the probabilities of war. I regret the rather warlike tone of.the dis communication of the Secretary of State contained, to arbitrate tinguished Senator from Indiana .[Mr. VooRHEESl. He even and settle the matter. Now, let us go forward and settle it for ventured to point out the direction in which England. would find ourselves, so far as our responsibilities are involved. As the Presi herself comparatively weak, and to indicate those considerations dent says in his message, we will do this as a justification; he does which would prevent her from declaring war or accepting our dec not say of what, but there is a future implied there-as a justifica laration of war. It is not wise to assume that either the great Brit tion of what shall come hereafter. Let us find out what their line ish nation or the great American people will refuse to fight in any is. Let them have what belongs to them and no more. I trust imaginable contingency. People do not always fight when they we may waste no more time on this great question. We should ought. They do not always fight upon the very best of grounds. dispose of it and let the President appoint his commission and let They are sometimes unjustifiable. They are sometimes ill tem the work go on. pered. They sometimes yield to an undue and. oppressive ambi Mr. CULLOM. Mr. President, I rise at this time simply for the tion. I do not discuss the question of war at all. purpose of making an inquiry. I understood the honorable Sen But what do we desire here? Information. There is not. a cit ator from Nebraska [Mr. ALLEN] to object to the second reading izen in this Chamber, or the other, or in the United States, who of the bill to-day. If that objection stands it will be a little more would not be very glad, indeed, to receive to-day the careful report appropriate to have this discussion continued when the bill can be of five of our leading jurists or great legislators or diplomatists upon read the second time. I suppose the Senator from Nebraska the merits of this question, its correct history from the beginning, desires to adhere to his objection. boundaries successively established or claimed, and the corre Mr. ALLEN. Mr. President, I objected to the second reading spondence that ensued between the different countries. Nobody of the bill to-day because I thought there ought to be some delay. knows what the facts are upon which we are expected to act. There ought not to be hasty action on the part of the Senate. Great Britain herself does not know, I judge, by the map here There can be no doubt in my mind that there is a unanimous issued by Venezuela, which gives six different boundaries that agreement in the Senate upon the subject of the Monroe doctrine, may be found upon British maps from time to time or in-British . and that no person misapprehends the force-of. that -doctrine or demands, each one creeping northwestward. Now, if that is not what it is. But there is or may be a grave question as to the a case for a commission, I do not know-what can be. application of that doctrine in this case. I desire this matter to be. referred to ·the c:o~ttee because th~t 1895. 245 is the dignified and deliberate and proper way. It is a method Cochrane. Fra.ilcis M. Cold~~lls, Jere~iah J. Colman, ~dr~w· Commins, LL. D.; Earl Compton, Thomas J. Condon, C. Aug. which will strengthen the case of the President and the case of V. Conybeare, Arch. Cameron Corbett, Right Hon. Leonard H. the United States rather than injure it. If we proceed now in a Courtney, Herbert H. Cozens-Hardy, Donald Orawford, Eugene very desultory discussion, such as is now going on here, to act Crean, William_ Randal Cremer, Daniel Crilly, John William upon this measure and accept the bill to-day exactly as it came Crombie, William Crosfield, Sir Joseph Crosland, Alexander Cross, H. Shephard Cross, Thomas B. Curran, Thomas Curran, from the other House, we shall be reproached with having de Henry J. C. Oust, James H. Dalziel, Maj. Leonard Darwin, parted from our usual com·se and with proceeding upon a supposed William Rees Davies, C. Diamond, Right Hon. Sir Charles W. knowledge of facts, which knowledge does not exist. If we refer Dilke, Bt.; John Dillon, George Dixon, CyrilJ. S. Dodd, Capt. A. J. C. Donelan, William Dunn, Frank Edwards, J ohn Edward the bill to the committee, then various amendments which are in Ellis, Sir T. Grattan Esmonde, Bt.; Sir Francis H. Evans, K. the minds of Senators on both sides of the Cp~)?er can be con C. M.G.; Samuel Thomas Evans, Robert Lacey Everett, Syd sidered that might otherwise take up days of debate. neY- Evershed, Dr. Robert Farquharson, Charles Fenwick, William Field, Charles James Fleming, James C. Flynn, P. If such amendments should be considered in committee, whether James Foley, Matthew Fowler, Dr. Joseph Francis Fox, Sir they be reported favorably or not, we shall be stronger before the Theodore Frye, Bt.: Frederick C. Frye, George P. Fuller, Chris world than if we pass the bill and concur literally with the adion topher Fm-ness, J. Lawrence Gane. James Gibney, James Gil hooly, Edward T. Gourley, Geo. G. Leveson-Gower, Thomas of the other House in the next fifteen minutes. I think it would N. Archibald Grove, William Court Gully, David C. Guthrie be well for every man to state his amendment, if he has a sug Richard B. Haldane, Sir Charles Hall, K. C. M. G.; John Ham gestion in his mind, that the public also may see that.this propo mond, Timothy Harrington, Luke P. Havden, Right Hon. Charles Seale-Hayne, Walter Hazell, Ri~ht ilon. Sir A. D. Hay sition to refer does not arise from any sort of disp·osition to make ter, Bt.; Maurice Healy '.rhomas J. Healy, Timothy M. Healy, unnecessary delay. James Heath, Clement Higgins, Sir Benjamin Ringley, Bt.; E. I hope that the bill will be refe1Ted and amended. It might Brodie Hoare, Hugh E. Hoare,SamuelHoare,Chas. Edw.H. Hob house, Henry Hobhouse, James Francis Hogan, Angus Holden, provide for a commission of five, to be nominated by the President Sir Isaac Holden, Bt.; William H. Holland, Charles H. Hop and appointed by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. wood, Joseph Howard, George Howell, Sir Henry H. Howorth, I hope that the appropriation may be made larger, and I hope that K. C. I. E.; Arthur C. Humphreys-Owen, William A. Hunter, the time for the final report of the commission JJlay be settled in Charles P. Huntington, John Husband, Alfred E. Hutton, Al fred Illingworth, Sir William J. Ingram, Bt.; William Jacks, the bill itself. I think those are important amendments. I know James A. JA.coby, Right Hon. Sir Henry James, Sir James I am not alone here. I am not alone on either side of the Chamber Joicey, Bt.; DaVld Brynmoor Jone~ Maj. Evan R. Jones, Jere in desiri.Iig the changes I have described. miah Jordan, Hudson E . Kearley', t.l. Seymour Keay, Sir John H. Kennawa_y, Bt.; Patrick J. Kennedy, Dr. Joseph E. Kenny, Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. President, the only contribution that Matthew J. Kenny, William Kenny,Denis Kilbride, Sir H. Sey .I desire to make in the debate upon this question at this time is to mour King, K. C. I. E.; Sir John G. S. Kinloch, Bt.; Sir James ask to have read at the desk the paper which I send to the Secretary. Kitson, Bt.; Henry Labouchere, George Lambert, J. Batty, Langley, Harry L. W. Lawson, Sir Wilfrid Lawson, Bt.; Robert The VICE-~RESIDENT. The Secretary will read as indicated. Leake, Thomas Wodehouse Legh, Joseph Leigh, Sir John The Secretary read the paper given below. Leng, Herbert S. Leon, Joseph F. Lesse, John Herbert Lewis, · 1\fr. CHANDLER. There are some three or four or five hun Thomas Lewis, Thomas S. Little, David Lloyd-George, Frank Lockwo~d, John William Logan, Thomas Lough, RightHon. Sir dred names of members of the British Hous~ of Commons signed J. Lubbock, Bt.; H. C. Fownes Luttrell, Sir Leonard Lyell, Bt.; to the paper, which I ask may be inserted in the RECORD without John A. M. Macdonald, Sir Donald H. Macfarlane, Dr. Donald reading. Macgregor. Miles Macinnes, Michael McCartan, Justin McCar The VICE-PRESIDENT. It is so ordered, without objection. thy, Patrick McDermott, Dr. Mark A. McDonnell, William M~ Ewan,Patrick McGilligan,Edward M' Hugh,Patrick A. M' Hugh, Mr~ COCKRELL subsequently said: I desire to request the Sen CharlesP.BrightMcLaren.WalterS.B.McLaren,JohnMcLeod, ator from New Hampshire to permit the letter of W. Randal John Henqr Maden, John Mains, W. F. Maitland, Richard Mal Cremer to Senator SHERMAN, requesting the presentation of the lock, Francis Mandeville, Sir Moses Philip Manfield, Sir Freder ick T. Mappin, Bt. ~ ~ichard Biddulph Martin, William .Mather, memorial which has been read from the members of the British William Jardine ro.axwell, Francis B. 1\lildmay, Matthew J. Parliament, to be inserted with the paper. Minch, Bernard C. Molloy, Sir Samuel Montagu,Bt.; James M. Mr. CHANDLER. To be printed with the document as read? Moorsom, Robert Jasper More, Right Hon. Sir G. Osborne Mor gan, Bt.; John Lloyd Morgan, W. Pritchard Morgan, Alphe us C. Mr. COCKRELL. To be printed with the document. I sent Morton, Edward J. C. Morton, John Fletcher Moulton, Right for the original papers at the time the Senator requested that the Hon. Anth. J. Mundella, Dadabhai Naoroji, Hon. 1\:Iark F. Na memorial be read. ~ier;..Ralph Neville, George Newnes, CoL John P. Nolan, Hon. 8ir ;:;tafford Northcote, Bt.; Caf!t. Cecil W. Norton, Thomas :Mr. CHANDLER. I wish that that may be done. Willans Nussey, P. J . O'Brien, William O'Brien, Arthur O'Con The VICE-PRESIDENT. It will be so ordered, in the absence nor, James O'Connor, Florence O'Driscoll, Francis A. O'Koeffe, of objection. Mark Oldroyd, Thomas Owen, Sir CharlesM.Palmer ,Bt.; George The letter and memorial are as follows: W. Palmer, Herbert W. Paul, James M. Paulton, Henry Fell Pease, Joseph A. P~:>as e, Sir Jose:ph W. Pease, Bt.; Sir John [From W. Randal Cremer, M. P., St. Paul's Chambers, 23 Bedford street, Pender, Robert W. Pekrs, Benjamm Pickard, Edward H. Pick Strand, London, W. C.] . ersgill, John Pinkerton, Thomas B. Potter, Patrick J. Power, LONDON, January 1, 1895. Robert John Price, Thomas P. Price, Briggs Priestley, An drew D. Provand, W. Cuthbert Quilter, David Randell, Wil DEAR SIR: I have the honor to forward you a copy of a memorial signed by liam Rathbone, John E. Redmond, William H. K. Redmond, 854 members of the British House of Commons. As the object of the memo Sir EdwardJ. Reed, K. C. B.; R. Threshie Reid, Joseph Richard rial is of the highest im_portance, and the signatures represent all shades of son, John Bryn Roberts, John Herbert Roberts, Sir Thomas political opinion in the British Parliament, I venture to ask for the prayer of Robinson, Henry J . Ro by, John Roche, Sir Thomas Roe, Sir Al the memorialists your earnest consideration. . bert Kaye Rollit, Sir Henry E. Roscoe, Chas. Savile Roundell, Respectfully, yours, W. RANDAL .CREMER. James Rowlands, W. Bowen Rowlands, Thomas W. Russell, Sir Bernard Samuelson,Bt.; William Saunders, CoL Chas. Seely, Hon. JoHN SHERMAN. '.rhomas Sexton, Charles Edward Shaw, W. Rawson Shaw, To the President and Congress of the Un(ted States of America: Jeremiah D. Sheehan, Da.viC. Sheehy. Capt. John Sinclair, Clar In response to the resolution adopted by Congress on April4, 1890, the Brit ence Smith, Harry-Smith, James ParA:er Smith, Samuel Smith, ish House of Commons, sup:ported m its decision by Mr. Gladstone on June 16, William Smith, Thomas Snape. AlbStansfeld, Henry Chades Stephens, of the United States in settling disputes between the two countries by means Sydney J. Stern, li'rancis S. Stevenson, James C. Stevenson, of arbitration. The undersigned members of the British Parliament, while Samuel Storey James Stuart, Donal Sullivan, Timothy D. Sulli cordially thanking Congress for having, by its resolution, given such an im van, Sir Thos. Sutherland, Charles K. Tanner, FranciS Taylor, petus to the movement and called forth such a response from our Govern Harold John Tennant, Abel Thomas, Alfred Thomas, David ment, earnestly hope that Congress will follow up its resolution, and crown Alfred 'Thomas, Walter Thorburn, Charles Townsend, Charles its desire by inviting our Government to join in framin~ a treaty which shall Ernest Tritton, James Tuite, Jasper Tully, Right Hon. C. P. bind the two nations to refer to arbitration disputes which diplomacy fails to Villiers, John Stewart Wallace, Robert Wallace, J. Lawson adjust. Should such a proposal be made, our heartiest efforts would be used Walton, CorneliusM. Warmington, Thos. Courtenay T .Warner, in Its supportJ and we shall rejoice that the United States of America and the Eugene Wason, Sir Edward W. Watkin, Bt.; Thomas Wayman, Uniood Kingaom of Great Britain and Ireland have resolved to set such a Alfred Webb, Sir Richard E. Webster, G. C. M. G.; Sir Wm. splendid example to the other nations of the world. Wedderburn,Bt.; .James Galloway Weir, SirJoseiJhD. Weston, William Abraham (Limerick), William Abraham (Rhondda), Samuel Whitbread, S. Howard Whitbread, Thos. P. Whittaker, James T. Agg-G-ardner, David Ainsworth, Willmm Allan, J. Shiress Will, Arthur John Williams, John Carvell Williams, C. F. Egerton Allen, William Allen, Robert A. Allison, Dr. D:\n William Williams, James Williamson, Stephen Williamson, iel Ambrose, Robert Ambrose, Joseph Arch, Hugh 0. Arnold Charles H. Wilson, Henry Joseph Wilson, John Wilson (Dur Foster, Alexander Asher, Llewellyn Atherley-Jones, Sir John ham), John Wilson (Govan), Joseph Havelock Wilsont Samuel Austin, Bt.; Michael Austin; Sir George Baden-Powell, K. C. Woods, Caleb Wright, Samuel Young.-CongressionatRecm·d, M.G.; John Baker, W. H. Walter Ballantine, J.-Emmott Bar Fifty-third Congress, third session, page 2408, February 19, 1895. low John Barran, Reuben V. Barrow, Edward Barry Edw. HodSon Bayl~~;a~somas Bayley, Mark H. Beaufoy, tiilbert Mr. TELLER. Mr. President, the controversy between Vene Reith, John w· . Benn,JosephBennett,GodfreyR. Benson, zuela and Great Britain is one of long standing, of certainly at Michael Biddulph1 James Bigwood, Alfred Billson, William Birkmyre, Au~stme Birrell.:..,.Edward Blake, Matthias M. Bod least fifty years. There does not seem to have been any estab kin, T. B. Bolitho, Thomas volling Bolton, Hon. Arthur G. lished line between the section of country claimed by Great Brit Brand, Right Hon. Jacob Bright, John Albert Bright, Harring ain and the Venezuelan territory-that is, no line recognized by ton Evans Broad, Henry Broadhurst, Alex. Hargreaves Brown, John Tomlinson Brunner, Thomas R. Buchanan, Robert J. both nations. The English Government has not adhered, if lam D. Burnie, Thomas Bart, William P. Byles, Wm. Sproston correctly informed, tothesameline at all times._ I have supposed Caine, James Caldwell, Sir Charles Cameron, Bt.; Sir James myself that we practically knew where the original line was that M. Carmichael.J.Bt.; Patrick G. H. Carvill, Francis A. Chan ning, Joshua ro.. Cheetham, John J. Clancy, Dr. Gavin B. they were entitled to hold by the cession of the country from the Clark, Walter Owen Clough, Henry P. Cohb, Hon. Thos. H. Dutch. I have discovered by the report of the President that that 246 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DEOEMBER 19, is in doubt. I do not think it becomes me, nor do I think it be tion, or anybody, attempts to make capital out of it, they will find comes any member of this body to discuss the question of fact. that they will lose in the end, as we should lose on our side if we When the President of the United States says that the fact is not should be foolish enough, as I know we are not, to attempt to make sufficiently well known in the Department of State to enable him capital out of it in any way. to act without a commission or further information, I think in or The Monroe doctrine, or the American doctrine, grew out of the dinary decency we have to wait. My private opinion may be one necessity of the case when the Holy Alliance was threatening the thing; my public opinion as a Senator in this body is another. stability and the existence of the South American Republics ~ when The President of the United States says that he wants a com it was the intent undoubtedly of the Holy A.lliance, after they had mission to determine facts. He has the power to determine facts isncceeded in disposing of some affairs in Europe, to take a hand without our aid, without reference to u.s; yet if he wants our as in South American affairs. Then, not by the United States, but sistance to get at the facts he is entitled to it. from Great Britain, came this doctrine. It was Mr. Canning who There has been some surprise expressed, and a good deal of zeal suggested it. It was, beyond question, Mr. Adams, Secretary of and enthusiasm exhibited, over the message of the President of the State, who enforced it upon President Mom·oe. United States. The President's message as a whole meets my From that hour it has been the American doctrine, which no hearty approval, but I expected it would. I did not believe we had American Senator and no American statesman of any kind has reached a point in the decadence of national honor and pride where dared to gainsay before the American people. We enlarged it in any Secretary of State or any President would retire from the 1848 undoubtedly under Mr. Polk's Administration, but we had a · American doctrine that has been so dear to the American heart right to enlarge it. Mr. Polk then laid down the proper law to for seventy years, called the Monroe doctrine. govern us, and if it was an extension upon the Monroe doctrine Mr. President, it is not the Monroe doctrine; it is the American of 1823 it was an extension growing out of the condition of the doctrine. It is a doctrine, as stated by one Senator here, that United States and the world, and a proper extension, and it has grows out of the doctrine of self-defense. It is not, as has been met the approval of the people of the United States from that claimed by some, an international rule. It finds no support in hour to this. international law except upon the principle which is grounded in The cherished doctrine is, not that we are the guardians of all int.ernationallaw that the right of .self-defense rests in every those Republics, not that we assume a protectorate over them, but nation, limited only by its power. If we in this country believe that while a European Government may claim from them redress that it is contrary to our interests and threatening to our institu for injuries, it shall not claim that redress in a way which shall en tions to allow colonies to be established upon the soil of the West title it to territorial acquisitions from the offending State. That ern Hemisphere it is our right to say that they shall not be is the American doctrine. established, and we need not resort to internationallawfor our de We do not say to Europe that we will defend those States; that fense; we resort to what has been the recognized law of Christen we will be responsible for their conduct. We say te all the Euro dom for many years, upon which the balance of power is being pean nations, if those States do not deal with you as one State maintained in Europe to-day, the right of every nation to see that should deal with another, yon may go to war with them, if nec no other nation aggregates to itself so much power as to threaten essary, to enforce their national obligations toward you; you m ay -the peace and stability of others. We can defend the Monroe demand of them disavowals, apologies, retractions, cash indem doctrine upon that principle without the slightest difficulty. nities, if you choose; but yon shall not take an acre of their land; I do not understand that our great competitor in commerce and not because we are interested so directly in those Republics, but trade, our great English-speaking relative, has ever denied our because we are interested in this great Republic; because we feel right to assert and maintain the Monroe doctrine. What they that to maintain the integrity of those Republics-or, at least, if claim is that the Monroe doctrine does not apply to this case. not to maintain their integrity as nations, to maintain their inde Whether it applies to this case depends upon the facts, which are pendence of European control--:-isessential to our prosperity. . That unknown to u.s, it appears. If I knew what the facts were, as an is the reason why we adopted this doctrine, and that is the reason international lawyer I would have no difficulty in applying the why the American people are ready to enforce it, no matter what law. As a believer in the American doctrine of the right to say it may cost. Mr. President, that is the feeling of the American that no European power shall invade American soil, either of people. North or South America, I should have no trouble in coming to This question is of so much importance that I do not care my a conclusion. Is it an invasion of American soil? I do not know self if the bill goes to the Committee on Foreign Relations and that. I repeat, I thought I did. I have found that I do not. lies there a month. You will not impress the world with our soli If the President of the United States had said that in the De darity and solidity on this questio!l by any haste in this body. partment of State they had determined what was the true line Let this proceeding be a dignified proceeding. Let the bill go to between the British possessions and Venezuela, and if he had said, the committee. Let the committee take their time on it. Let "We are confident that the British Government, instead of at them return it here and say what is the best way by which we tempting to arrange a disputed line, is attempting to use this dis can strengthen the hands of the President of the United States in ·puted line as a pretense for territorial acquisition," no matter his efforts to maintain this American doctrine. what may be the character of the Administration, whether Dem- Mr. President, I am not one of those who want war. I do not ocratic or Republican, I would have stood by that declaration as believe in war. I believe in this case Great Britain made a great an American Senator, because there is where we get our informa mistake when she said she would not arbitrate, and I have faith tion upon these subjects, and not from our own judgment. We enough in the love of justice and right that pervades the people of must stand by what the Department says upon these great ques Great Britain to believe that on second sober thought they will sub tions when the facts are ascertained by it. mit this question to arbitration~ as many of their representative The President says that he needs assistance to make this deter men have declared they are willing to submit all questions of this mination. We are going to give it to him. Nobody doubts that. character. . The only question is, how shall we give it to him. I am as firm a Mr. Presiden.t, I do not like to talk about war. We are, in my believer in the Mom·oe doctrine as any man who lives. I am as judgment, the greatest nation in the world. We have more force firm a believer as anyone in the maintenance of the honor of the and power and strength than any other nation that flies a flag. American people, and I do not believe it can be maintained if we We have a compact, homogeneous people, devoted to their institu abandon the Monroe doctrine. tions and country. But because we are strong and great we do not Mr. President, there is no haste in this matter. The dispute is want to go to war unless there is a necessity and a demand for it, one of longstanding. Great Britain is not nowtaking any extraor and when that necessity and demand arise we want to go to war dinary steps with 1·eference to the control of the territory in dis with a sentiment back of us that will sink every dollar that we pute. They took, it is said, five months to answer our Secretary's have and sacrifice every man in defense of the national honor and letter of July 20. Mr. President, the time was not excessive. It national right. is not unreasonable in diplomatic affairs that there should be These are not, I repeat, questions to be kicked about and treated months taken in replying to questions of so much importance. We with haste. Let this b11.1. go to the committee. Let it be consid may properly take months, if we choose, to consider it before we ered. If the committee want a week., ten days, or two weeks, or a plant ourselves upon what we say are the facts in this case. I re month, let the committee take it. Nothing will be lost. Great peat, so far as the American people are concerned, the Monroe doc Britain will not misunderstand our attitude. She does not misun trine is not in dispute, is not in doubt, whatever may be the doubt derstand it now. She knows just as well how we feel upon these about the facts in this case. If the facts are not ascertained, we subjects as she will when we pass this bill. She has had it dinned must, before we proceed further, ascertain them. in her ears again and again from nearly every Secretary of State This is a very important question. It is not a question of party that we were not willing to abandon the.Mon1·oe doctrine, nor view politics. It is not a question that any political party ought to take with indifference the improper interference of any European power advantage of to get votes. The political party that attempts to with any existing American Go-vernment, whether such interfer make capital out of this question will find that it is a loser in the ence is a violation of the Monroe doctrine or not. end. The Amertcan people will not be trifled with on a question Mr. President, there has been a good deal said of late about the of this kind. If the other side of the Chamber, or the Administra Monroe doctrine, and I do not intend to expatiate on it. The 1895. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 247

Monroe doctrine has had repeated sanction by the American peo It would mean a universal war. Does anybody believe there can ple and the American Government. In 1861, when war was be a war between Great Britain and ourselves without bringing flagrant in this country, when there was such a war in progress into that war other European nations? If they do, they have not as modern times have not seen, when one-third of this country studied the European question. We should not be, in the event was arrayed against the rest, when we were threatened by inter of a war with Great Britain, without European allies. The inter ference by foreign powers, we were so attached to the Monroe ests of certain European countries would be not to let Great Britain doctrine that our great Secretary of State called the French and dominate us. Their interests would be that we should destroy the the English to account, and said, "Do you propose by your armies, prestige of Great Britain not only upon the sea, but upon the land. which you are sending to Mexico, to dismember Mexico and make Great Britain knows that; we know it; the world knows it. The it a part of your European system?" Great Britain and France great Russian Government, waiting patiently to get its rightful ad then, mindful of the great strength we had, and mindful of the vent to the sea, would find an opportunity then that it has never strong hold that this doctrine had upon our people, said without before had. Do you suppose that Government would be slow to the slightest hesitation, "We do not intend any aggrandizement take advantage of it? Waiting to crowd down the line of British of EuTopean countries by this proceeping. We are simply at India, do you suppose the Russians would fail to take it? Waiting tempting to enforce a claim that we have against the Republic of to complete the domination they have begun over China, do you Mexico." Then Mr. Seward said, "Very well; if that is the fact suppose they would fail to complete it? They would move down we will not now complain." through the Turkish waters to the open sea; while Great Britain Suppose they had said, on the other hand, that they did intend was engaged in this enterprise with us they would have an op to dismember Mexico, and partition it between France, Spain, and portunity to get that for which they have been striving for many EBgland, the three countries that were then invading it, we might years. Once secured, it never could be taken from them. not have been in a condition to have carried on a war, but we Mr. President, there is no danger of war, in my judgment, over would have had the declaration made by the Secretary of State, a question like this. I do not say that if Great Britain should and backed up by this Government then, that when the time did assert a principle that, if carried out, would be dangerous and dis come that we could be heard, we would be heard in defense of the tressing to us, we ought not to go to war, no matter what the con Monroe doctrine, at the point of the bayonet if it was necessary. sequences would be. In my judgment the consequences would Later, as is suggested to me, our Army was gathered on the be much more serious to Ureat Britain than to us; but I do not border of Mexico by command of Congress. Recently, in speak want to say that in the way of threat. I do not believe that is the ing with an officer who had taken part in the important battle way to discuss these questions. Neither Great Britain nor we where Maximilian was defeated for the last time, and where he could afford to go to war, except there were a great principle at met his final rout, this officer said to me that 2,000 Confederate stake, a great necessity for it. We should be derelict if we did. Americans fought under the Mexican banner. He was a Prus It would be the most inhuman thing in the world for these two sian officer, had been an officer in the Confederate army, and he great English-speaking peoples to go to war. Yet I would give said but for our people, the Confederate army, Maximilian would my voice for war before I would see the country dishonored, and have been triumphant in that battle. The Mexicanshadour sym so would our English brethren if they believed it would be a dis pathy, they had our strong support, and when the FTench were honor for them to take certain steps. notified by Mr. Seward that we still recognized and intended to I repeat what I started out to say, that there is no haste in this recognize General Juarez as the constitutional President of that matter. It is a great big question, involving to some extent the Republic they took their troops out of Mexico, because they peace and prosperity of the two greatest nations of the world. Let knew if they did not it mea~t interference on our part and a wa~ us approach it as statesmen and Senators; let us not be impatjent; between France and the Umted States. . and, above all, do not let us be anxious, one to get the advantage Later than that, when the Austrian Government was about to of another in a political way. Too big is the question for party send to their prince reenforcements, the Secretary of State said to politics or party gain. Let this question be settled in such a way them, '' If you do this we will not agree to longer remain neutral that when Great Britain sees what we have done she will know in this contest;" and they did not come. That was a direct asser that there is a united nation back of it, and thatwemayhave,aswe tion of the Monroe doctrine. It was an assertion that our Govern ought to have if we go to war, the approval of the civilized world. ment meant to go to war if it became necessary in defense of that We can not afford to go to war until we have that; and that, I am doctrine. I might give a number of instances of the recognition told, can not be had until the facts are officially and judicially of this doctrine by our Government. determined. I am in favor of giving the President every method The VICE-PRESIDE.i.'fT. The Chair reminds the Senator from and every means he wants for that determination. When that Colorado that the hour of 2 o'clock has arrived. The Chair lays determination shall be made, I shall be for acting in accordance before the Senate the unfinished business, which will be stated. with the honor and the dignity of the Government of the United The SECRETARY. A bill (S. 236) to provide for proper disposi States, without reference to what may be the result. tion of the remains of deceased members of the Senate and House Mr. MORGAN. Mr. Presidelft, the debate sofarhaaproceeded, of Representatiyes who die at the capital during the sessions of of course, by unanimous consent, and I have no disposition in the C_,ongress. world to check it. The question, as I understand, is upon the :Mr. COCKRELL. I hope the unfinished business will be laid motion of the Senator from Ohio [Mr. SHERMAN] to refer this bill aside informally, so that the Senator from Colorado may conclude. to the Committee on Foreign Relations. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Without objection, it will be so or The VICE-PRESIDENT. 'l'he Chair will state that the bill has aered. been read and it will go to the Committee on Foreign Relations in Mr. TELLER. There are a number of instances which I will the absence of objection. not detain the Senate by citing to show that the American Gov Mr. COCKRELL. No, no. ernment has never for an hour departed from the principle known · Mr. CULLOM. The bill has been read only once. as the Monroe doctrine . . Does anybody in Great Britain believe The VICE-PRESIDENT. The second reading of the bill has we are goin~ to do it now? Does anybody in this country believe been objected to, the Chair is advised. we are going to do it? Need we make any special demonstration Mr. MORGAN. The difficulty is that the Senator from Ne of our adherence to that doctrine in view of our history in connec braska [Mr. ALLEN] interposed an objection to the second reading tion therewith? I think not, Mr. President. But if it should be of the bill to-day. done, it is not to be done by sending this bill to the committee in Ml·. CULLOM. The bill can not be referred until after it has haste; it is not to be done by the passage of this bill out of the had its second reading. usual course; it is to be done by a declaration that will come Mr. MORGAN. That, of course, prevents its reference to the f-rom the American people so that it may not be misunderstood. committee, and prevents it from being read the second time.. That is what I should like to see done by this Congress and at this The VICE-PRESIDENT. The second reading of the bill has session. I should like to see this doctrine put beyond question been objected to. - hereafter, that we rely upon that doctrine and we mean to enforce Mr. MORGA~. I desire to say to the members of the Commit it whenever there is a necessity for it, and we are to be the sole tee on Foreign Relations who are here-and I will reach others by judges when that necessity arises. Great Britain, in this very private notice-that I shall ask the committee to meet to-morrow correspondence, admits our right to maintain the Monroe doc morning at 10 o'clock. We have resolutions before us embodying trine, but questions the right to do it in this case, because she says all of this question, and have given to them some informal con it is not applicable to this case. sideration. I believe that the committee will be prepared to come Mr. President, I said a moment ago that I was not in favor of in to-morrow, if we have a meeting, with such suggestions as they war. I am not; I do not believe in it to settle controversies, and may see proper to make, and the Senate without further delay can yet I know that sometimes a nation in defense of its honor and then proceed to action upon the bill. integrity must go to war. A war between the United States and Great Britain would be the most tremendous war of modern CORPORATE INFLUENCE IN POLITICAL .AFFAIRS. times; nay, I need not say of modern times-it would be the most l'tfr. CALL. Mr. President, if the order ~hich has been pend tremendous war that the world ha.s ever seen from the days of ing is disposed of by the objection of the Se..11ator frqm Nebraska, Alexander the Great to the present time. What would it mean? I ask the Senate to proceed to the consideration of the motion I 248 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENAT.Ei _: DECEMBER 19, .. entered to reconsider the vote by which the resolution which was that it has any power to investigate a subject which affects under consideration yesterday was passed. members of the House of Representatives unless there is a bill The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the motion of the originating there proposing laws under the provisions of the Con Senator from Florida. stitution to regulate the elections of members of the House of Mr. PEFFER. I suggest that there is a resolution on the table, Representatives; and as to it affecting any question before the coming over from a previous day, which I should like to have dis Senate, I can not conceive how any Senator can vote to sustain posed of, which takes precedence of the resolution of the Senator this motion who entertains the views which have always been from Florida. I do not think there will be any debate upon it, expressed upon this side of the Senate. For that reason, and in and I should like to have present action upon it. order to test this question again, I move that . the resolution be ' The VICE-PRESIDENT. That resolution will go over under referred to the Committee on Privileges and Electiona. the rule, the hour of 2 o'clock having arrived. Mr. CALL. The Senator can not displace my amendment by a Mr. CALL. I hope the Senator from Kansas will not interpose motion of that kind. The amendment I offer is pending before the any objection to the motion I have made. Senate, and he can not displace it by submitting a motion to refer The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the motion of the the resolution. • _ Senator from Florida to proceed to the consideration of the mo The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair would state to the Senator tion submitted by him to reconsider the vote taken yesterday upon from Florida that the motion of the Senator from West Virginia the passage of the resolution. is in order under the rules. The motion was agreed to. Mr. CALL. Then I hope that the motion of the Senator from The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question recurs on the passage of West Virginia will not prevail. · · the resolution as amended. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the motion of the Mr. CALL. I now move to strike out all after the word" Re Senator from West Virginia. •olved," and insert the amendment which I send to the desk. Mr. MITCHELL of Oregon. Is that a motion simply to refer I will state, in deference to the general opinion of Senators that the resolution? this resolution should be confined to an inquiry in the State of The VICE-PRESIDENT. It is. The question is upon the mo Florida, that I have so amended it. I hope, therefore, that there tion of the Senator from West Virginia to refer the resolution of will be no objection to it. the Senator from Florida to the Committee on Privileges and The VICE-PRESIDENT. The amendment will be stated. Elections. · The SECRETARY. It is proposed to strike out all after the word Mr. CALL. I call for the yeas and nays upon that motion. "Resolved," and insert: The yeas and nays were ordered. That a select commit tee of five Senators be appointed by the President of Mr. CALL. Mr. President, I hope that the motion of the Sen the Senate, who shall be charged with the duty of investigating the subject ator from West Virginia will not prevail. I do not see why Sena of the efforts of corporat ions in the State of Florida, or of the president and directora thereof, t o control the election of members of Congresss from the tors can raise objections of this kind. The Senator from West State of Florida or to influence the legislation of Congress; also to investi Virginia knows very well that it has been the practice of this gate and r eport to the Senate whether corrupt means, bribery, or free trans body, sustained by its rules, to obtain information upon which portation have been or are being used to influence such elections in the State of Florida; also to inquire and report to the Senate whether the use of legislation shall be predicated. Now, when he says that this reso such influences or m eans is consistent with the preser vation of the Republic lution affects the elections of the other House, that is not true. of the United States and the rights and liberties of the people, and to report There i'3 nothing in the resolution that concerns the elections of a bill for the punishment or suppression of such vra.ctices. members of the other House. There is something that concerns The VICE-PRESIDENT. The question is on the amendment the legislation which will require that corrupt methods shall be proposed by the Senator from Florida. excluded from the elections of members of Congress. This dis Mr. FAULKNER. I raise the question of order, for the Chair tinction has been pointed out; it is broad, and there never has to decide, whether or not an amendment can now be submitted been any idea anywhere that Congress could not obtain informa by the Senator from Florida which reverses the action of the Senate tion by a committee for the purpose of formulating laws upon a taken yesterday. · subject over which it had jurisdiction. The resolution originally provided for a select committee of Does the Senator mean to say that Congress has no jurisdiction five. The Senate by a vote, which has not been at all changed over the question of the purity of elections to this body; that that by any action of the Senate to-day, amended that resolution by is not a subject upon which we can make laws forbidding fraud, striking out a select committee of five Senators, and providing bribery, or corrupt practices, the influences of money in corpora that the subject should go to the Committee on Privileges and tions, and the times and manner in which elections shall be held Elections. The amendment now offered by the Senator reverses this in the very words of the Constitution? that action already adopted by the Senate, and I raise the question It is evident that there is no force in those objections. This whether or not the amendment is in order. resolution was objected to because it opened the door of inquiry Mr. CHANDLER. I desire to say that the Senator from West in other States where there was no allegation that there were any Virginia can hardly be serious in raising this question of order. pradices of this kind, and I have amended it so that it meets the The vote by which the original resolution was passed having been views of Senators who urged that objection. I know that the reconsidered, the resolution is before the Senate. The Sen a tor from Senator from West Virginia does not desire to cover up influences Florida now proposes a new resolution diifering from the former of wealth and money corruptly used in elections, and therefore he resolution by confining the scope of theinquirytoFlorida. There ought not to kill this resolution by seeking to refer it to a stand fore, it seems to me, the Senator from West Virginia must admit, ing committee. the original resolution being before the Senate, that the amend- I am not attacking any man or any set of men, but to say that ment is strictly in order. . there can be no legislation by the Congress of the United States to Mr. FAULKNER. No, Mr. President, I do not conceiYe it in require that the people of the United States shall have their rights that way. The motion to reconsider is simply to reconsider the and have their elections for members of Congress conducted fairly, resolution as amended. That brings the original resolution as honestly, and properly, that the influences of great accumulated amended by the Senate now before it. The amendment now of wealth shall not be permitted to control the elections, is to me a fered by the Senator is to strike out the action of the Senate had ·most extraordinary proposition. on that resolution yesterday, and, for that reason, I suggest that Mr. FAULKNER. Mr. President, I do not propose to submit it is not in order. for one moment in silence to an i.n;lputation or suggestion from Mr. CHANDLER. I do not mean to make any suggestions to the Senator from Florida that I am in favor of concealing any the Chair, who probably understands this question. I should ad thing or preventing any investigation in reference to corruptions mit the point of the Senator from West Virginia if the Senator in elections. I have known none by corporate power or aggre from Florida had simply moved his original resolution; but when gate wealth in my State, lam proud to say. Idonotknowwhether he moves the original resolution with an amendment confining the such exists in other States of the Union; but I am not to be de inquiry to one State, instea-d of extending its operations over every terred from the exercise of what I consider to be a right and a State in the Union, it seems to me it is so different that it is en duty devolving upon me as a Senator here, by any suspicion, threat, tirely in order. or insinuation of that character. There is a principle involved in The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair overrules the point of or this question, a principle to which I am wedded: a principle for der. The question is on the amendment submitted by the Senator which I have fought since I haYe been in the Senate, and which I from Florida. · do not intend to surrender simply because of my courtesy to the Mr. FAULKNER. !must state veryfranklyto the Senatethat Senator from Florida. upon principle I am entirely opposed to the resolution. I do not This whole country is proud of the fact that to-day not a single see and can not conceive upon what authority the Senate have Federal election law stands upon the Federal statute book affect jurisdiction to go into an inquiry on this subject, which affects ing the rights and the control of the States in reference to their the interests of the States in the election of members of the legis elections, not only for the members of their legislatures, but even lature and also of the members of the House of Representatives, for members of the other House of Congress; and yet here we have when it is not proposed to be done by a joint committee of the two a resolution presented by the Senator from Florida for the ap bodies. In fact I do not think, so far as the Senate is concerned, pointment of a special committee to investigate corruption in eleoo 1895~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 249 tions in the States, and authorizing that committee to report by be aided by legislation to prevent that evil, he makes an issue which bill or otherwise, to provide, as he said in his closing 1·emarks, as I gladly accept with him. It is not a question whether the St.:'btes to the mode and manner of voting in the States at these special have power or not. It is a question whether the whole power of elections, not only to cover elections of members of the Honse of corruption should be brought upon the States, some of them small, Representatives, but the purity of elections of members of the some of them with a small population. It is a question whether legislature. Sir, I am not -ready to go to that extent. I do not be the whole power of this immense wealth and the million of em lieve that the American people are ready to reverse the action of ployees should be brought to bea,r against the masses-against the the Fifty-third Congress when they wiped from the statute books people. of the Federal Government every single item of legislation in ref Does the Senator mean to say that he does not perceive that erence to the control by the Federal Government of State elec throughout the countTy there is great agitation among the work tions. .For that reason I have made this point; for that reason I ingmen and the people upon these subjects? Does he mea.n to intend to persist in it, believing that it is in accord not only with say that there should be no restraint exercised by Congress upon the view of this side of the Chamber, but with t}:le view of the the use of bribery and corrupt practices? If so, this Government American people. It means peace; it means leaving to the local is powerless, and may at any time be displaced by a combination communities and the State governments the control of the elective of the fifty men possessed of the entire wealth of the nation. We franchise, and delegates, as it properly is delegated, to the State all know that it is claimed that those influences do exist. What, authorities to see to the purity of the elective franchise in those then, is the objection to legislation which shall forbid, in conduct States. ing the interstate commerce of the country, these corporate powers, What is the object of this special committee? It is said in the whether by subordinates or by principals, from interfering with latter part of the resolution it is to bring in a bill here in reference the right of the people to govern themselves? The States alone to the elections in the States. There is no question before the have power, says the Senator. Senate affecting the purity of any election in any State involving Mr. President, I am as strongly in favor of protecting the au the title of a United States Senator, and, as suggested by the Sen tonomy of the States and the just rights of the States as anyone ator from Louisiana [Mr. CAFFERY], there is no authority in this else, but when legislation isproposed whichdoesnotimpingeupon resolution to summon persons or to bring any of these questions those rights, but relates to great public questions like these, why before the committee by evidence under the authority of the Sen should the question of State rights be introduced? State rights ate, because if it contained a provision of that kind the Senator for what? To sacrifice the people of the States; to prevent the knows that the resolution would have to be refened to a commit people of the States from having their constitutional rights. I do tee of the Senate known as the Committee on Contingent Expenses. not accept such views. I do not ask for a Federal election law. Therefore he avoided m aking any such provision. But if this I ask for an investigation of the facts relating to the question committee is created those Senators who vote in favor of the reso whether corrupt influences have been used and a,re being used to lution will be in honor bound to vote for any appropriation neces control the elections of this count1·y by a few men, and whether sary to carry it out. If the committee is empowered to make this that is or is not consistent with the preservation of our republican investigation and subsequently to formulate a bill to ca,rry out government. I ask further that the investigation be confined to their views in reference to elections in the States, it will be obli a State where the people are almost unanimously of that opinion, gatory upon those who indorse this policy to give to that commit and where they are striving with difficulties which it is very diffi tee all the means necessary for the accomplishment of the objects cult for them to overcome. and purposes contemplated by the resolution. I believe this investigation is desired by men of all political par For these reasons I renew the motion that the resolution, with ties in the State of Florida, who believe in a government of the the amendments of the Senator from Florida, be referred to a people and who desire the continuance of the Republic and the in standing committee of this body, so that it may report upon the stitutions established under our Constitution and form of govern- propriety of again entering into the policy of enacting Federal ment. - • election laws covering the several States of this Union. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Mr. CALL. Mr. President, in the first place, I wish to correct Mr. WALTHALL. I move that the Senate proceed to the con the statement of the Senator from West Virginia. There is noth sideration of executive business. ·ing in the resolution about the election of members of the State The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the con legislatures. There was nothing said in my closing remarks about sideration of executive business. After thirteen minutes spent in that subject. If this committee is appointed it will report to the executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 2 o'clock and Senate whether it is advisable or not, whether it is constitutional 47 minutes p.m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Friday, or not, that there should be such legislation. December 20, 1895, at 12 o'clock meridian. The Senator from West Virginia contradicts himself when he proposes to refer a resolution which he says contemplates an un constitutional act to a standing committee of this body to report NOMINATIONS. whether it be advisable or not to have legislation upon the sub Executive nominations received by the Senate December 18, 1895. ject. If it be unconstitutional, it ought to have no reference here except to the Judicia,ryCommittee to ascertainandreportwhether INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSIONER. it be constitutional or not. But the argument of the Senator Wheelock G. Veazey, of Vermont, to be an Interstate Com from West Virginia requires the conclusion that if it is proved merce Commissioner, whose commission will expire by limitation that the influences of corporate power, of a few men owning three December 31, 1895. thousand millions of property of this country under its public POSTMASTERS. policies in the form of franchises, which cany with them a power Gideon A. Hendrick, to be postmaster at Stanton, in the county of taxation of the people, shall control the elections of this body, of Montcalm and State of Michigan, in the place of S. Peny that there is no power in the Government of the United States to Youngs, resigned. _ prevent it. That is the proposition, Mr. President. Soren P. Sorenson, to be postmaster at Albert Lea, in the county Mr. FAULKNER. Do I understand the Senator from Florida of Freeborn and State of Minnesota, in the place of Thomas M. to say that I made that statement? Blacklin, deceased . .1\olr. CALL. Not that the Senator made the statement, but that James A. I;Iall, to be postmaster at Irvington, in the county of his proposition. demands that he should occupy that position. Westchester and State of New York, in the place of John Harvey, Mr. FAULKNER. Will the Senator permit me? whose commission expired February 27, 1895. Mr. CALL. Certainly I will. Peter Brady, to be postmaster at Bellevue, in the county of Hu Mr. FAULKNER. Then, as I understand the Senator from ron and State of Ohio, in thepla~e of John H. Weber, deceased. Florida, it is admitted upon his part that there is not suffident Cha.rles Beard, to be postmaster at Tamaqua, in the county of power in the States to secure purity of elections in this country. Schuylkill and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of Mary M. Mr. CALL. It is a statement on my part that the Statesshould Housebe1·ger, whose commission expired January 6, 1895. be aided by proper legislation here in restraint of corporations, George Clark, to be postmaster at Coudersport, in the county of and that if it is not done, the destruction of private -property in Potter and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of George C. Olm these franchises will inevitably occur. sted, resigned. I do not mean that it shall be implied from my remarks that Isr~el K. Deckard, to be postmaster at Middletown, in the county the Senator is in favor of such a proposition. I do not doubt that of Dauphin and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of Eva R. he is a true and ·loyal friend of the Republic, as much so as I or Wiestling, removed. any other person, but that his proposition logically demands this Mahlon C. Detweiler, to be postmaster at Richland Center, in consequence. the county of Bucks and State of Pennsylvania, the appointment When there are fifty men owning three thousand million dollars of a postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested of the property of this country, and 17,000,000 people with less in the President on and after October 1, 1895. than -$30(} income, the former, by the use of the great power de Frank Feyler, to be postmaster at Rochester, in the eounty of rived from franchises, controlling the elections of this country, if Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of G. C. Deming, the Senator means to say that the States and the people should not whose commission expired February 16, 1895. 250 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 19,

Jane F. Hollister, to be postmaster at Mount Carmel, in the of Hopkins and State of Texas, in the place of John R. Ferguson, county of Northumberland and State of Pennsylvania, in the place resigned. . of I. N. Hollister, deceased. Sallie West, to be postmaster at Hillsboro, in the county of Hill George M. Lull, to be postmaster at Sayre, in the county of and State of Texas, in the place of Richard C. West, deceased. B1·adford and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of I. Burk, William G. Williams, to be postmaster at Waxahachie, in the whose commission expired February 24, 1895. county of Ellis and State of Texas, in the place of William D. RobertS. Magee, to be postmaster at Wrightsville, in the county Neely, removed. of Yorkand Stateof Pennsylvania, in the place of Calvin G. Smith, Charles W. WiUis, to be postmaster at Big Spring, in the county whose commission expired February 28, 1895. of Howard and State of Texas, in the place of John Snoddy, re Jennie McAllen Park, to be postmaster at Libonia, in the county signed. of Franklin and State of Pennsylvania, the appointment of a post Caleb R. Ban-att, to be postmaster at Salt Lake City, in the master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the county of Salt Lake, and Territory of Utah, in the place <5f A. H. President on and after October 1, 1895. Nash, removed. Norman A. Patterson, to be postmaster at Oxford, in the county J. Henry McLoud, to be postmaster at Hardwick, in the county of Chester and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of E. W. Gib of Caledonia and State of Vermont, the appointment of a post son, resigned. master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the Ben J. Rhoads, to be postmaster at Boyertown, in the county of President on and after July 1, 1895. Berks and State of Pennsylvania, the appointment of a postmaster Angus J. McPhee, to be postmaster at Eureka, in the county of for thesaid office having, by law, become vested in the President Juab and Territory of Utah, in the place of James P. Driscoll, re on and after April 1, 1895. moved. WiUiam F. Rittase, to be postmaster at Littlestown, in the Bridget J. Copps, to be postmaster at West Rutland, in the county of Adams and State of Pennsylvania, the appointment of county of Rutland and State of Vermont, the appointment of a a postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested in postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested in the the President on and after April1, 1895. President on and after October 1, 1895. Clayton L. Shimer, to be postmasteratBethlehem, in the county of Northampton and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of H. A. CONFIRMATIONS. Gorman, whose commission expired January 27, 1895. Executive nominations confirmed by the Senate Decernber 18,1895. Louis J. Townsend, to be postmaster at Berwick, in the county of Columbia and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of Charles H. INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSIONE.R. Dorr, removed. Wheelock G. Veazey, to be a member of the Interstate Commerce Irvin S. Weber, to be postmaster at North Wales, in the county Commission. of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, the appointment of a CHIEF OF WEATHER BUREAU. postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested in Willis L. Moore, of Illinois, to be Chief of the Weather Bureau. the President on and after October 1, 1895. POSTMASTERS. William P. Clancy, to be postmaster at Westerly> in the county JosephA.Mintrup, to bepostmasteratWashington, in the county of Washington and State of Rhode Island, in the place of Samuel of Franklin and State of 1\Iissonri. H. Cross, whose commission expired February 27, 1895. William D. Crow, to be postmaster at Clarence, in the county of Richard Hayward, to be postmaster at Providence, in the county Shelby and State of Missouri. of Providence and State of Rhode Island, in the place of Charles Thomas J. Cole, to be postmaster at Platte City, in the county H. George, whose commission expired January 23, 1892. of Platte and State of Missouri. Milton P. Tribble, to be postmaster at Anderson, in the county Thomas H. Walker, to be postmaster at Bonneterre, in the of Anderson and State of South Carolina, in the place of William county of St. FranQois and State of Missouri. F. Ban-, deceased. Elmer C. Trueblood, to be postmaster at Maryville, in the county Frank M. Adams, to be postmaster at Forney, in the county of of Nodaway and State of Missouri. Kaufman and State of Texas, the appointment of a postmaster Garry A. Pratt, to be postmaster at Appleton City, in the county for the said office having, by law, become vested in the President of St. Clair and State of Missouri. on and after October 1, 1895. William H. Padon, to be postmaster at Blackwell, in the county Oscar D. Baker, to be postmaster at Uvalde, in the county of of "K" and Territory of Oklahoma. Uvalde and State of Texas, in the place of N. L. Stratton, removed. Mary J. Jacobs, to be postmaster at Pawnee, in the county of Abner L. Board, to be postmaster at Seymour, in the county of Pawnee and Territory of Oklahoma. Baylor and State of Texas, in the place of A. B. Mayhew, resigned. Albert F. Ries, to be postmaster at Gallup, in the county of Willie M. Compton, to be postmaster at Meridian, in the county Bernalillo and Territory of New Mexico. of Bosque and 'State of Texas, the appointment of a postmaster for Jerome B. Dunkle, to be postmaster at Veedersburg, in the the said office having, by law, become vested in the President on county of Fountain and State of Indiafia. and after October 1, 1895. . William S. Thomas, to be postma.ster at New Ponca, in the Goldesbery C. Green, to be postmaster at Mineral Wells, in the county of '' K" and Territory of Oklahoma. cOlmty of Palo Pinto and State of Texas, the appointment of a William R. Swartout, to be postmaster at North Enid, in the postmaster for the said office having, bylaw, become vested in the county of Garfield and Territory of Oklahoma. President on and after July 1,1895. Edgar A. Smith, to be postmaster at Converse, in the county of Joseph E. Green, to be postmaster at Giddings, in the county of 1\Iiami and State of Indiana. Lee and State of Texas, the appointment of a postmaster for the William Richards, to be postmaster at New Harmony, in the said office having, by law, become vest-ed in the President on and county of Posey and State of Indiana. after October 1, 1895. Fred J. Fife, to be postmaster at East Chicago, in the county of Samuel A. Hill, jr., to be postmaster at Bellville, in the county of Lake and State of Indiana. Austin and State of Texas, the appointment of a postmaster for Darius R. Crampton, to be postmaster at Monroe, in the county the said office having, by law, become vested in the Pl.·esident on of Monroe and State of Michigan. and after October 1, 1895. Maggie Breece, to be postmaster at Three Oaks, in the county Clarence W. McNeil, to be postmaster at Laredo, in the county of Berrien and State of Michigan. of Webb and State of Texas, in the place of F. H. Pierce, whose James W. Weidner, to be postmaster at Delphi, in the county commission expired February 14,1895. of Carroll and State of Indiana. Edmund R. Manning, to be postmaster at Albany, in the county William E. Powers, to be postmaster at Hastings, in the county of Sha-ckelford. and State of Texas, the appointment of a post of Barry and State of Michigan. master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the John Murray, to be postmaster at Port Huron, in the county of President on and after October 1, 1895. St. Clair and State of Michigan. Thomas M. Matthews, to bepostmasteratAthens, in the county WalterS. Goodland, to be postmaster at Ironwood, in the county of Henderson and State of Texas, the appointment of a postmaster of Gogebic and State of Michigan. for the said office having, by law, become vested in the President William J. Tully, to be postmaster at Crystal Falls, in the county on and after July 1, 1895. of Iron and State of Michigan. Oscar Y. Rathbun: to be postmaster at Whitewright, in the Alfonzo J. Southard, to be postmaster at Harbor Springs, in the county of Grayson and State of Texas, in the place of Nannie J. county of Emmet and State of Michigan. 'Renshaw, resigned. Fred H. Potter, to be postmaster at Saginaw West Side, in the Edward E. Solomon, to be postmaster at Baird, in the county of county of Saginaw and State of Michigan. Callahan and Sta.te of Texas, the appointment of a postmaster for William Bleckner, to be postmaster at Oakharbor, in the county the said office having, by law, become vested in the President on of Ottawa and State of Ohio. . and after October 1> 1895. Mary Beyersdorfer, to be postmaster at Ripley, in the county · Ezra M. Tate, to be postmaster at Sulphur Springs, in the county of Brown and State of Ohio. · 1895. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 251

Warren E. Watson, to be postmaster at Mancelona, in the county ment of appropriation and expenditures, was referred to the Com of Antrim and State of Michigan. mittee on Interstate Commerce, and ordered to be printed. _ Adolph F. Greenbaum, to be postmaster at Waverly, in the ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. county of Pike and State of Ohio. A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. W. J. Edgar L. Cory, to be postmaster at Degraff, in the county of BROWNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the Logan and State of Ohio. House had signed the following em·olled bill and joint resolution; Charles Edgar Brown, to be postmaster at Cincinnati, in the and they were thereupon signed by the Vice-President: county of Hamilton and State of Ohio. A bill (H. R. 803) to amend section 2601 of the Revised Statutes D. Lane Conover, to be postmaster at Atlantic Highlands, in relative to ports of entry; and the county of Monmouth and State of New.Jers~y. A joint resolution (H. Res. 26) to paytheofficers and employees Patrick Burns, to be postmaster at Raritan, m the county of of the Senate and House of Representatives their respective sal Somerset and State of New Jersey. aries for the month of December, 1895, on the 20th day of said John C. Hutchins, to be postmaster at Cleveland, in the county month. of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. Joseph E. Haynes, to be postm.aster at Newark, in the county of Mr. PEFFER presented the petition of J. G. Wait and sundry Essex and State of New Jersey. other citizens of Sturgis, Mich., praying for the adoption of an J. Elwood Harvey, to be postmaster at Little Silver, in the amendment to the Constitution of the United States providing county of Monmouth and State of New Jersey. . . that the election of President, Vice-President, Senators, and judges Milton Cowperthwaite, to be postmaster at Riverton, m the of the Supreme Court be made by a direct vote of the people; which county of Burlington and State of New Jersey. . . was referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections. James R. Pitcher, to be postmaster at Short Hills, m the county Mr. QUAY presented a petition of the Manufacturers' Club of of Essex and State of New Jersey. Philadelphia, Pa., praying for th~ reenactment of Schedule K of Edward O'Farrell, to be postmaster at Bayonne, in the county the tariff act of 1890, relating to duties on wools and woolens; · of Hudson and State of New Jersey. which was refen·ed to the Committee on Finance. Alfred Jarvis, to be postmaster at Tenafly, in the county of Mr. MITCHELL of Wisconsin presented a petition of the pa-stor Bergen and State of New Jersey. and cong1·egation of the Emanuel Presbyterian Church of Mil Stephen Van Order, to be postmaster at Caldwell, in the county waukee, Wis., praying for prompt action by the Government of of Essex and State of New Jersey. the United States to prevent further outrages in Armenia; which Mary A. Van Cleve, to be postmaster at Irvington, in the county was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. of Essex and State of New Jersey. . Mr. WARREN presented petitions of the Central Wyoming Benjamin F. Sweeten, to be postmaster at Glassboro, m the Wool Growers' Association; of the Manufacturers' Club of Phila county of Gloucester and State of New Jersey. delphia, Pa.,; of the wool merchants of Philadelphia, Pa., and of Frank Reed, to be postmaster at Bismarck, in the county of the Philadelphia (Pa.) Wool Merchants' Association, praying for Burleigh and State of North Dakota. . . . . the reenactment of that portion of the tariff law of 1890 known as William Ray, to be postmaster at Dicki..nson, m the county of Schedule K, relating to wools and woolens; which were referred Stark and State of North Dakota. . to the Comnnttee on Finance. H enry Stowell, to be postmaster at Seneca Falls, in the county Mr. HAWLEY presented the petition of the regent and mem of Seneca. and State of New York. bers of the Roger Sherman Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, of New Milford, Conn.; the petition of the regent and members of the Elizabeth Clark Hull Chapter, Daughters of the SENATE. American Revolution, of Ansonia, Conn.; the petition of the regent FRIDAY, December 20, 1895. and members of Abigail Phelps Chapter, Daughters of the Ameri can Revolution, of Simsbury, Conn.; the petition of Miss Susan Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D., the Chaplain to the Senate, offered Billings Meech and 91 other citizens of Groton, Conn.; the petition the following prayer: of William Price and 102 other citizens of Connecticut; the peti 0, Thou who art the King of kings. and Lord of lords, as the tion of Addie Avery Thomas and 35 other citizens of Connecticut; time draws nigh the birth of Christ inaugurated by the angel song, the petition of Harriet E. Noyes and 12 other citizens of Stoning Glory to God in the highest, on earth peace, good will to men, we ton, Conn.; the petition of Frank B. Carver and 119 other citizens pray that the spil·it.of the season may enter ii!-tO our hearts an_d of Connecticut, and the petition of the regent and members of the minds and keep us m the knowledge and love of God and of His Anna Warner Bailey Chapter, Daughters of the American .Revo Son Jesus Christ, our Saviour. lution, of Connecticut, praying that the United States purchase Forbid that the two foremost nations of the world which bear certain lots adjoining old Fort Griswold, in the town of Groton, the name of Christ, with one language, one faith, one baptism, one Conn.; which were referred to the Committee on Military Affairs . . Lord, should be embroiled in war in all its horrors an~ barb~risms. Mr. MITCHELL of Oreaon presented the petition of J. G. & Grant, we beseech Thee, that we may be saved from rmbrumg our I. N. Day, of Washington, D. C., contractors for the construction hands in each other's blood. Endow our rulers, the rulers of both of the canal and locks at the Cascades of the Columbia River, nations, and the kindred people of the two lands, with such wis Oregon, praying that compensation be granted them by reason of dom and the spirit of justice and magnanimity that all differences expenses occasioned by the extraordinary high water of 1894 in and difficulties may be amicably and righteously settled, and that that river; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. God's name may be glorified in the establishment of concord, He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Vancouver, amity brotherly kindness. So may this become an augu~ and Wash., praying that an increase of pension be granted James memo~able Christmas in the history of the English-speaking world McCormick, a resident of that vicinity; which was referred to the and of the whole earth; so let health, prosperity, brotherly kind Committee on Pensions. ness, and charity pervade all our land and our motherland, and Mr. COCKRELL presented a petition of the Merchants'~ God be glorified, and the reign of Jesus Christ, our Saviour, estab change of St. Louis, Mo., and of the Board of Trade of Ardmore, lished. We humbly pray in His sacred name. Amen. Ind. T., praying for the enactment of a town-site law at the pres The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read. ent session of Congress in the interest of various towns in the In Mr. MITCHELL of Oregon. I askurianim.ons consent that the dian Territory; which was referred to the Committee on Indian invocation of our Chaplain this morning. may be spread at length Affairs. in the RECORD. CORTHELL'S LECTURE ON ISTHMIAN ROUTES. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. COCKRELL. I have a copy of a lecture delivered by Mr. The Journal stands approved. Elmer L. Corthell, a distinguished and eminent civil engineer, THE BO.A.RD OF IRRIGATION. upon the Isthmian routes. It contains valuable data, statistical The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communication and geographical. It is not very long, and I ask that it may be from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting, in response to a printed as a miscellaneous document. There are some plates that r esolution of the 17th instant, the report of the Board of Irriga will be furnished to the Public Printer, so that there will be no tion, relative to its organization, the existing legislation relative expense, except simply the typesetting of the lecture. t o irrigation, a list of official publications on irrigation, etc.; The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection totherequestof the which, on motion of Mr. KYLE, was referred to the Committee on Senator from Missouri? The Chair hears none, and it is so ordered. liTigation and Reclamation of Arid Lands, and ordered to be . REPORTS OF A COMMITTEE. printed. Mr. HAWLEY, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was REPORT OF THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE COM!IISSION. referred the bill (S. 345) granting a pension to Catherine R. Jar The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before theSenate acommunication dine, widow of Brig. Gen. Edward Jardine, reported it with an from the chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission, trans amendment, and submitted a report thereon. mitting, in accorda.nce with the provisions of the act to regulate He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the commerce, the ninth annual report of the Interstate Commerce bill (S. 344) g1·anting a pension to Mary A. Hall, reported it with Commission; which, with the accompanying report and a state- out amendment, and submitted a report thereon.