2098 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MARCH 10. otherwise acquire arms, ammunition, and im CONFIRMATIONS The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk plements of war produced within the juris will call the roll. diction of any country to which section 3 is Executive nominations confirmed by applicable, whenever the President deems the Senate March 8 (legislative day of The Chief Clerk called the roll, and the such purchase or acquisition to be necessary Februarv 13), 1941: following Senators answered to their in the interests of the defense of the United names: States. POSTMASTERS Adams Ellender Murray SEc. 9. The President may, from time to ILLINOIS Aiken George Norris time, promulgate such rules and regulations Andrews Gerry Nye Peter R. Buschbacher, Ashton. Austin Glllette O'Mahoney as may be necessary and proper to carry out Bailey Glass Overton any of the provisions of this act; and he may Vivian G. White, Blue Mound. Walt er A. Homrich, Galena. Ball Green Pepper exercise any power or authority conferred on Bankhead Guffey Radcliffe him by this act through such department, Ella F. Day, Hamburg. Barkley Gurney Reed agency, or officer as he shall direct. Charles H. Beien, Rock Falls. Bilbo Harrison Reynolds Sec. 10. Not hing in this act shall be con George J. Holm, South Wilmington. Bone Hatch Russell strued to change existing law relating to the John H. Zitzmann, Trenton. Brewster Hayden Schwartz Sadie E. Stouffer, Waddams Grove. Bridges Herring Sheppard use of the land and naval forces of the United Brooks HHl Shipstead States, except insofar as such use relates to Brown Holman Smathers the manufacture, procurement, and repair of Bulow Hughes Smith defense articles, the communication of infor Bunker Johnson, Calif. Stewart mation and other noncombatant purposes Burton Johnson, Colo. Taft SENATE Butler Kilgore Thomas, Idaho enumerated in this act. Byrd La Follette Thomas, Utah Sec. 11. If any provision of this act or the MUNDAY, MARCH 10, 1941 Byrnes Lee Truman application of such provisi on to any circum Capper Lodge Tunnell stance shall be held invalid, the validity of The Reverend Hunter M. Lewis, assist Caraway Lucas . Tydings the remainder of the act and applicabili ty of ant rector, Church of the Epiphany, Chandler McCarran Vandenberg such provision to other circumstances shall Washington, D. C., offered the following Chavez . McFarland Wallgren not be affected thereby. Clark, Idaho McKellar Walsh prayer: · Clark, Mo. McNary Wheeler . Mr. GEORGE. Mr. President, I ask Connally Maloney White 0 Lord our governor, Creator of all Danaher Mead Wiley that the bill be printed with the amend mankind and preserver of their destinies, Davip Miller Willis ments made in the Senate numbered. from whom cometh all wisdom and Downey Murdock The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob knowledge, and before whose perfect Mr. HILL. I announce that the Sena jection, it is so ordered. thought our sublimest reason seemeth of tor from Indiana [Mr. VAN NUYs] is ab Mr. GEORGE. I move that the Senate no avail: Grant, we beseech Thee, unto sent from the Senate because of illness. insist upon its amendments, request a these Thy servants to whom hath been The Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. conference with the House of Represent given the responsibility of government, THOMAS] and the Senator from New York atives thereon, and that the Chair ap the spirit of a sound mind, of judgment [Mr. WAGNER] a·re unavoidably detained. point the conferees on the part of the and truth, that their deliberations may Mr. AIKEN. I announce that the Sen Senate. be fruitful in righteousness, their de ator from North Dakota [Mr. LANGER] is The motion was agreed to; and the cisions fraught with Thy wisdom. absent because of illness. Vice President appointed Mr. GEORGE, Endue their hearts with zeal, their The VICE PRESIDENT. Eighty-nine Mr. HARRISON, Mr. CONNALLY, Mr. BARK minds with nobility of thought, and their Senators have answered to the roll call. LEY, Mr. JOHNSON of California, Mr. CAP wills with such. singleness of purpose that A quorum is present. PER, and Mr. LA FOLLETTE conferees Oil our whole Nation, knowing that they the part of the Senate. have been inspired of Thee, may follow PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS ORDER OF BUSINESS their leadership with gallant and high Petitions, etc., were laid before the Sen hearted enthusiasm, that the peace of ate by the Vice President, or presented by Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I wish God may be established upon earth, and Senators, and referred as indicated: to announce for the benefit of Senators the nations of the world may become the By the VICE PRESIDENT: that I shall presently move for an ad kingdom of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus A letter in the nature of a memorial from journment until Monday at 12 o'clock, at Christ. Amen. Mrs. Chilson, of Towanda, Pa., remonstrating which time I hope to have the calendar against involvement in foreign war; to the called for the consideration of bills to THE JOURNAL table. which there is no objection. Two appro On request of Mr. BARKLEY, and by A telegram in the nature of a memorial priation bills are ready for action, which unanimous consent, ·the reading of -the from Daniel J. Downing, of Albany, N. Y.; we may also dispose of on Monday, and Journal of the proceedings of the calen remonst rating against the enactment of the so-called lease-lend bill; to the table. there are one or two naval bills, which dar day of Saturday, March 8, 1941, was A telegram from Wallace Hamilton, of San may be passed on the call of the calen dispensed with, and the Journal was Diego, Calif., inviting attention to the coun dar. If not, we shall endeavor otherwise approved. sel of Hamilton to the effect that the utility to dispose of them. MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT of a cordial union, under an efficient national The VICE PRESIDENT. What is the government, affords the best security against pleasure of the Senate? Messages in writing from the President hostilities with foreign governments, etc.; to of the United States submitting nomina the table. CONFIRMATION OF NOMINATIONS OF tions were communicated to the Senate by A concurrent resolution of the Legislature POSTMASTERS Mr. Latta, one of his secretaries. of the State of North Dakota; to the Com Mr. BARKLEY. Mr. President, I ask MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE-ENROLLED mittee on Agriculture and Forestry: unanimous consent, as in executive ses BILLS SIGNED "House Concurrent Resolution Q sion, that the nominations of a number "Concurrent resolution petitioning Congress of postmasters on the Executive Calendar A message from the House of Repre- · to enact the Capper bill establishing a be confirmed en bloc. That is all there sentatives, by Mr. Calloway, one of its division of cooperatives in the United States is on the Executive Calendar. · reading clerks, announced that the Department of Agriculture The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob Speaker had affixed his signature to the "Be it resolved by the House of Representa jection, it is so ordered. following enrolled bills, and they were tives of the State of North Dakota (the Senate signed by the Vice President: concurring therein) : ADJOURNMENT S. 189. An act for the relief of William "Whereas cooperation has proven beneficial Mr. BARKLEY. I move that the Sen Boyer; and to both producer and consumer and through ate adjourn. s. 251. An act for the relief of John Mul· years of successful operation in all democra The motion was agreed to; and (at 7 hern. cies has established itself as a useful eco CALL OF THE ROLL nomic unit of well-ordered society; and o'clock and 38 minutes p. m.) the Senate "Whereas Senator ARTHUR CAPPER, of Kan adjourned until Monday, March 10, 1941, Mr. HilL. I suggest the absence of a sas has introduced a bill (S. 650) to establish at 12 o'clock meridian. quortim. a division of cooperatives in the United States 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2099 Department of Agriculture, the -purposes of magnesite, tungsten, ·manganese, molybde _ "Whereas the United States Government .which are to serve as a source of information num, chromium, iron, and other valuable has embarked on an extensive military pro and cooperation to producers and consumers ores present in the State of Washington." gram, constructing air bases and army bar racks for the housing of soldiers in Alaska in cooperative buying and selling; to con Two joint memorials of the Legislature of duct research and assemble statistical data; which would necessitate, because of its inac the State of Washington; to the Committee cessibility, the services of the Pacific Ocean prepare publications on cooperative subjects, on Appropriations: which will be placed on the distribution lists Battle Fleet to patrol the coast, and a fleet of of Members of Congress; and authorizing the "Senate Joint Memorial No. 11 transports to assist in its defense at such a Secretary of Agriculture to establish coopera "To the Honorable Franklin D. Roosevelt, terrific cost and tra~ic sacrifice of men, tive relationships between this division and President ot the United States, and the money, and munitions as to warrant, for those other branches of the Department that Senate and House of Representatives of reasons of economy, the immediate construc carry on services in the cooperative field; and the United States in Congr ess assembled: tion of a highway from the United States "Whereas Han. Henry A. Wallace, as Sec "We, your memorialists, the Senate and through Canada to Alaska; and retary of Agriculture, and many officials of House of Representatives of the State of "Whereas the Alaskan International High outstanding farrr.. and cooperative organiza Washington, in legislative session assembled, way Commission, established by Congress, bas tions, have endorsed the provisions of the most respectfully represent and petition you, been meeting with a similar commission ap Capper bill as beneficial to agriculture and as follows: pointed by our friendly neighbor to the north,. cooperatives: Now, therefore, be it "Whereas the salmon and steelhead runs of the Canadian Government, to prepare a com "Resolved by the Legislative Assembly of the upper Columbia watershed have declined prehensive plan for the construction of the the State of North Dakota, That we petition approximately 40 percent in the past 10 years Alaskan International Highway; and and urge Congress to take early and favorable and are rapidly heading toward comp:e'te ex "Whereas the complet:on of the Alaskan In action on the Capper bill (S. 650), and that termination, principally because Federal rec ternational Highway would again set in mo it be enacted into law during the present lamation and power projects have destroyed tion the migration of families from the con congressional session; and be it further natural spawning grounds and created un gested East and the ·dry Middle West, and "Resolved, That attested copies of this res favorable migratory conditions; and · would revitalize the old spirit of America, olution be sent to the President of the Sen "Whereas the perpetuation of the fishery 'Go West, young man' into a virgin territory ate, the Speaker of the House of Representa resources of the Columbia River are wholly capable of housing millions, and would make tives, the Secretary of Agriculture, and to the dependent upon the mutual cooperative ef the State of Washington the springboard for members of the North Dakota delegation in forts of the States of Oregon, Washington, such a trek northward; whereas, the State is Congress." and Idaho operating in conjunction with the now but a board or a plank leading to a vessel Federal Government and the fishing indus leaving for Alaska. Also, such a highway A joint memorial of the Legislature of the would encourage hundreds of thousands of State of Washington; to the Committee on try; and "Whereas the State of Idaho has the re tourists to pass through our lovely State en Mines and Mining: sponsibility of protecting a large share of the route to Alaska; and perhaps most important "Senate Joint Memorial No. 10 spawning grounds of the upper Columbia than any other reason, such a highway would give greater security to, and strengthen the "To the Honorable Franklin D. Roosevelt, River salmon and steelhead and receives the least amount of economic benefits there ties of the peoples of the West by providing President of the United States, and to a powerful chain which would link Mexico to the Senate and Ho'use of Representatives from; and Alaska: Now therefore, "Whereas the United States Government of the United States of America in Con "We, the Senate and House of Representa gress Assembled: has expended $6,000,000 in the construc tives of the State of Washington do respect "We, your men:orialists, the Senate and tion of fishways on the Bonneville Dam, and fully memorialize and petition the President House of Representatives of the State of this investment is dependent on the success and Congress of the United States to appro Washington in legislative session assembled, ful conservation of these fish, especially those priate the necessary funds to immediately most respectfully represent and petition spawning in the State of Idaho; and construct the Alaskan International High Your Excellency and honorable body, as "Wherea.s ithe Congress of the United way in conjunction with the Canadian Gov follows: States, by act of May 11, 1938 ( ch. 193, 52 ernment; and be it further "Whefeas foreign powers have far exceeded Stat. 345), has authorized the appropriation "Resolved That the Alaskan International the United States in the development and of $500,000 for the purpose of establishing Highway Commission be commended for its use of magnesium alloy~ in the construction fish cultural stations in the Columbia River excellent services in furthering the project; of aircraft and other war materials; and Basin in each of the States of Oregon, Wash and be it further "Whereas metal made from magnesium ington, and Idaho to facilitate conserva.tion "Resolved, That copies of this memorial be alloys weighs 35 percent less than aluminum of the fish resources of the Columbia River immediately transmitted to the President of and is stronger; and and its tributaries: Now therefore, the United States, United States Senate, "Whereas the State of Washington has the "Your memorialists respectfully pray that United States House of Representatives; to largest available deposits of magnesite ores the Congress of the United States appropri each Member of Congress from the State of so far discovered in the United States; and ate, in addition to all other sums necessary Washington, and to the Chairman of the "Whereas the Washington State College for the construction of proper fish protec Alaskan International Highway Commission." has pioneered in the research and develop tive facilities on Federal projects $100,000 of A joint memorial of the Alaska Territorial ment of a process to provide for the eco the sum already authorized, for the estab nomic production of magnesite ores; and lishment and game-fish cultural stations in Legislature; to the Committee on Post Office:> "Whereas as a result of this research there . the State of Idaho to recompense the State and Post Roads: has been development at the laboratories of of Idaho for its efforts in protecting the sal "House Joint Memorial No. 8 the Washington State College the electro mon and steelhead runs in the Snake River "To the Congress of the United States; to the thermic process, which, when applied to flo Basin, tributary of the Columbia River." Honorable John M. Carmody, Adminis tation concentrate from low-grade ores, pro "Senate Joint Memorial No. 12 , trator, Federal Works Agency; and to the vides the first suitable process for the "To the Honorable Franklin D. Roosevelt, Honorable Anthony J. Dimond, Delegate refining of magnesite ores; and President of the United States, and to the in Congress from Alaska: "Whereas this process can be used to pro Senate and House of Representatives of "Your memorialist, the Legislature of the duce magnesium alloys of the highest purity the United States, in Congress assembled: Territory of Alaska, in the fifteenth regular on a large-scale operation for less than 10 "We, your memorialists, the Senate and session assembled, respectfully submits that: cents per pound; and House of Representatives of the State of "Whereas the Federal Highway Act, ap "Whereas the State of Washington has the Washington, in legislative session assembled, proved· November 29, 1921, together with cheapest electrical power in the Nation that most respectfully represent and petition as amendments thereto, provides for a definite may be used for the application of this follows: and continuing policy of Federal ass~tanca process; and "Whereas the Territory of Alaska is richer for the construction of roads in the several "Whereas the State of Washington also has than Croesus in its precious metals; has an States and the Territories of Hawaii and large deposits of other valuable minerals, abundance of coal and other minerals; pro Puerto Rico which has contributed immeas such as tungsten, manganese, molybdenum, fuse in its fertile fields and forests; multi urably to the development of roads; and and chromium, which should be investigated tudinous in its variety of fish, fowl, and "Whereas the benefits of said act have not and explored: Now therefore fauna, and gorgeous in its scenery, and gigan been extended by Congress to the Territory "We, your memorialists, the Senate and tic in its glaciers and mountains; and of Alaska; and House of Representatives of the State of "Whereas all of these wonders of nature and "Whereas road-building activities in Alaska washington in legislative session assembled, resources of natural wealth of God-given are now being administered under three dif urge that the National Defense Commission gifts defy description, even with the use of ferent agencies, namely, the Alaska Road investigate the splendid work done by the superlatives, they are, unfortunately, inac Commission, under the Department of the washington State College and the electro cessible to the people of the United States, Interior; the Public Roads Administration, thermic process developed there and take except by boats, thus practically transform under the Federal Works Agency; and the such steps as are necessary to aid in the re ing this 'Paradise of the North' into an is Territorial Board of Road Commissioners, a. search, development, and production of land; and Territorial agency; and 2100 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MARCH 10 ''Whereas it is believed that a single road dent Henry A. Wallace in connection with America in which that disease prevails. planning agency would function more effi such policies, already widely reflected in the The resolution protests the importation· ciently and economically, and that the exist trend of events in the National Congress of of cattle from those countries in which ing Territorial road-building agency under this country; and that we· urge the citizens stands the road needs and road problems of of New Mexico to continue to develop the hoof-and-mouth disease is known to pre the Territory; and friendly relations that have long continued vail. "Whereas the Territory of Alaska is con between the people of this State and our Lext The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolu scious of and appreciates the aid that has door neighbor to the south; that we urge tion will be referred to the Committee on been extended to the Territory by the Fed the early completion of the all-year-travel Agriculture and Forestry and, under the eral Government in the matter of road con highway through the gateway of Juare2' to rule, printed in the RECORD. struction; and those cities of- Chihuahua, Torreon, and Du The joint resolution is as follows: "Whereas the outstanding need for roads rango into Mexico City, which the ance~tors Senate Joint Resolution No. ·4 in Alaska is indicated b~· the large and con of many now living in New Mexico traveled sistently increasing appropriations made by during the centuries when travel to the pres Senate joint resolution relative to the im the Territory for such purposes; and ent United States was unknown; that we en portation of livestock and dressed meats "Whereas the sums so appropriated by the courage the. exchange of students and pro from countries wherein the hoof-and • Territory of Alaska are more than sufficient fessors between educational institutions of mouth disease is prevalent, and its relation to meet the requirements of said Federal New Mexico and Mexico; and that we pledge to the national-defense program Highway Act, under the formula applied to our utmost cooperation in the direction of Whereas there have been seven outbreaks the several States in determining the amount permanent and lasting good will between the of foot-and-mouth disease in the United of cooperation necessary for the participating United States of America and Mexico; and St ates since 1900, with the outbreak of 1914 States to contribute; and be it further having spread to 22 States and the District "Whereas 1t is the sense of the Legislature "Resolved., That a. copy of this resolution of Columbia, while in the California out of the Territory of Alaska that the people of shall be forthwith transmitted by the chief break of 1924 the disease spread to the deer Alaska should rightfully have more voice in clerk of this senate to the President of the ranging on the national forest where it be the planning and building of roads within United States, to Hon. CARL A. HATCH, Hon. came necessary to est ablish 42 camps and the Territory toward which they now m ake DENNIS CHAVEZ and Hon. C. P. ANDERSON, our employ 240 hunters to kiP the deer running a substantial contribution in money, and congressional delegation in the Congress of on this range, amounting to a total of 22,214 that the Territory is ready and willing to the United States as an indication of our animals; and contribute upon any fair and equitable basis sentiments. Whereas the tremendous ravages of this toward the construction of roads in Alaska: "C. R. QUINTANO, disease are evident in the number and vari Now therefore, "President of the Senate. ety of species of animals affected, which in "Your memorialist respectfully petitions "Approved by me this 14th day of February cluded domestic cattle, hogs, sheep, and goat s, that the Federal Highway Act, approved No 1941. as well as deer, elk, and antelope among wild vember 29, 1921, and all other acts amenda "JOHN E. MILES, animals, and where it was proven that tory thereof and supplemental thereto, be "Governor of New Mexico." horses, dogs, cats, and coyotes were dangar extended to the Territory"of Alaska; and By Mr. wiLEY: ous as carriers of the infection, and that "Your memorialist will ever pray. A resolution of the Senate of Wisconsin; even man himself might become a carrier; "Passed by the house February 19, 1941." to the Committee on Military Affairs: and By Mr. HATCH: "Senate Resolution No.~ Whereas it . was estimat€d by Dr. J obn R. Mohler, chief of the bureau of animal indus A resolution of the Senate of New Mexico; "Resolution requesting Wisconsin Members to the Committee on Foreign Relations: try, that the total cost to this country of of Congress to investigate cla~ms that the the seven outbreaks occurring since 1900 "Senate Resolution No. 5 diet furnished soldiers in camps does not exceeded $200,000,000; and "Whereas New Mexico, for centuries until include cheese and an adequate amount of Whereas-the continental United Stat€s has the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 an other dairy products been free from the disease since the Cali integral part of Mexico, has witnessed with "Whereas soldiers in training camps have fornia outbreak of 1929, which was traced increasing pride and pleasure the growth of expressed a desire for ·cheese and have stated directly to swine fed on garbage unlo2.ded the good-neighbor policy during tbe last sev that their diet does not include. cheese; and from a ship just retgrned from Buenos Aires, eral years between the United States of Amer "Whereas cheese and other dairy foods are Argentina; and ica and the Republic of Mexico; and" essential to the health and well-being of Whereas an outbreak of hoof-and-mouth "Whereas New Mexico, closely related to young men, whether in training camps or disease at this critical time would, through Mexico by ties of blood, language, customs, otherwise; and its repercussions and direct and indirect con and geography, desires to record its l'atis "Whereas Wisconsin produces cheese, milk, sequences, gravely affect and jeopardize the faction because of the program of mutual butter, and all dairy foods . of unsurpassed success of our national-defense program; trust, accord, and helpfulness now in process quality: Now, therefore, be it now, therefore be it of furtherance between these two great r.oun "Resolved by the senate, That the senate Resolved. by the Senate of the State of tries; and respectfully requests the Wisconsin Members Nevada (the Assembly concurring), That the "Whereas much has been said"in past years of the Congress of the United States to-inves Congress of the United States be memorial in relation to the fact that there are no forts tigate claims that our soldiers· in military ized and strongly urged to oppose any modi or troops on the boundary lines between the camps are not being served cheese and ade fication of existing embargoes applying to all Dominion of Canada and the United States, quate amounts of dairy products, and to countries where hoof-and-mouth diEease it is considered most appropriate at this tlme report their findings to the Wisconsin Senate exists; and be it further to call attention to the long-established fact for consideration; be it further ·Resolved., That duly certified copies of this that there are no forts or troops on the "Resolved., That properly attested copies of resolution be transmitted to the President of boundary lines between the Republic of Mex this resolution be sent to each Wisconsin the United States and to our Senators and ico and the United States of America; and ·Member of both Houses of Congress." Member of Congress at Washington, D. C. "Whereas in many directions and in many (Mr. LA FoLLETTE presented a resolution STATE OF NEVADA, ways, by the e:xchange of ideas and ideals, identical with the foregoing, which was re Executive Department. by the free flow of commerce, by the develop ferred to the Committee on Military A1Iail's.) Approved February 28, 194:1. _ment of natural resources the great Nations By Mr. TYDINGS: E. p. CARVILLE, of Mexico and the United States of America A resolution of the City Council of Balti Governor. can and should profit and progress to the more, Md., favoring the enactment of legis end that each may achieve for itself the am lation to provide for the construction of a Mr. BROOKS. Mr. President, I have bition of its peoples and their proper destiny; tunnel under or a bridge over the Patapsco just received Senate Joint Resolution No. and River, at Baltimore City, in order to provide 6, offered by State Senator Lantz, of Illi "Whereas it is most desirable at this time, greater facilities for north- and south-bound nois, and passed by the Senate of Illinois 93 years after the execution of a treaty of traffic as a part of the national-defense pro and concurred in by the Illinois House peace and tranquillity between Mexico and gram; to the Committee on Commerce. the United States, that we indicate by out of Representatives. ward manifestation an inward consciousness RESOLUTIONS OF THE LEGISLATURES OF Senator Lantz is the president of one existing 1n the State of New Mexico: Now, NEVADA AND ILLINOIS-IMPORTATION of the great cattle-breeding associations therefore, be it OF CATTLE HAVING HOOF-AND-MOUTH of America and a leading authority on "Resolved. by the State Legislature of the DISEASE agriculture in this country. I ask con State of New Mexico, That we heartily ap Mr. McCARRAN. Mr. President, I sent to have this joint resolution printed prove and encourage the good-will and good in the RECORD and appropriately referred. neighbor policies of our National Govern send forward for proper reference a joiht ment in their dealings with our neighbor, resolution adopted by the Legislature of The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolu the Republic of Mexico, and other Latin the State of Nevada relating to the rav tion will b3 referred to the Committee on American republics; that we endorse the atti ages of the hoof-and-mouth disease Agriculture and Forestry, and, under the tude of President Roosevelt and of Vice Pres!- coming from certain countries in South rule, printed in the RECORD. 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2101 The joint resolution is as follows: By Mr. HILL: $5,000,000; and lf a bm is reported to the S. 1062. A bill conferring jurisdiction upon Senate containing any such amendment a Senate Joint Resolution No. 6 the United States District Court for the point of order may be made against the bill, VVhereas as a result of repeated outbreaks Northern District of Alabama to hear, de and lf the point of order is sustained the bill 1n this country prior to 1927 of the dreaded termine, and render judgment upon the shall be recommitted to the Committee on cattle disease known as hinderpest or foot claim of Forney Blackmar; to the Committee Commerce. and-mouth disease there was enacted in on Claims. ADDRESSES BY THE PRESIDENT, THE that year a congressional embargo upon the By Mr. SHEPPARD: importation into this country of · dressed S. 1063. A b111 to provide increased pay for VICE PRESIDENT, AND SECRETARY OF meats and meat products from any country certain mllitary personnel while engaged on AGRICULTURE ON AGRICULTURAL where satd disease existed; and parachute duty; to the Committee on Mili LEGISLATION VVhereas prior to the imposition of said tary Affairs. (Mr. LUCAS asked and obtained leave to embargo the spread of that disease in this By Mr. TAFT: have printed in the RECORD radio addresses country demoralized the domestic livestock S. 1064. A bill for the relief of Carollne delivered by the President of the United industry, seriously jeopardized the public Janes; to the Committee on Claims. States, the Vice President, and the Secretary health, and resulted in the expenditure of B•r Mr. MALONEY: of Agriculture on the occasion of anniversary millions of dollars by Federal and State Gov S. 1065. A bUl to regulate the issuance of farm dinners held in celebration of agricul ex:nments and by the livestock industry for commemorative coins; to the Committee on tural legislation, Saturday, March 8, 1941, · the eradication of that evil; and Banking and Currency. which appear in the Appendix.] : VVhereas the wisdom of that congressional S. 1066. A bill authorizing the reenlistment embargo, embodied in the Smoot-Hawley of Edwin J. Turnbull in the United States TRIBUTE TO THE LATE SENATOR SMOOT Tariff Act, has been indubitably justified, as Coast Guard; to the Committee on Commerce. BY HON. HENRY F. ASHURST attested by the fact that since January 1, S. 1067. A bill for the relief of John VV. [Mr. THOMAS of Utah asked and obtained 1927, there has been only one minor out Barbrick; to the Committee on Foreign Rela leave to have printed in the REcoRD an ad break of· that disease-in the State of Cali tions. dress in memory of the late Senator Smoot. fornia in 1929-which outbreak has since S. 1068. A bill for the relief of Thomas F. · of Utah, deltvered by former Senator Henry been traced. directly to a violation of Federal Gibbons; and F. Ashurst at the memorial services at the regulations relating to the unloading of cer S.1069. A b111 for the relief of Catherine D. Washington Chapel of the Latter Day Saints tain materials; and Pilgard; to the Committee on Military Affairs. Church on March 9, 1941, which appears in VVhereas there is increasing evidence from S.1070. A b111 for the relief of Peter Gian the Appendix.) cola and Julia Morelli Giancola; and authoritative sources that a serious attempt DEFENSE STRIKES-EDITORIAL FROM is now under way to influence the President S. 1071. A bill authorizing the naturaliza of .the United States, and Congress, to cir tion of Nasli M. Heeramaneck; to the Com NEW YORK TIMES AND . REPLY OF cumvent or remove the embargo upon the . mittee on Imm'gration. SECRETARY OF' LABOR . itnportation of dressed meats and meat prod S. 1072. A b111 for the relief of Albert Ral [Mr. THOMAS of Utah asked and obtained ucts for the benefit of certain foreign nations phaiel Anastasio; leave to have printed in the RECORD an edi in which the said livestock disease Is prev S. 1073. A bill for the relief of Peter Joseph torial from the New York Times entitled "De aleht; and Costigan; and fense Strikes" and a reply .by Frances Perkins, VVhereas any modification of that embargo . S. 1074. A bill for the rellef of Austin L. Secretary of Labor, which appear in the would be · inimical to the best interests of · Tierney; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Appendix.] this Nation and would cause a recurrence of S. 1075. A bill for the relief of George S. · Geer; REPAYMENT OF ALABAMA REHABILITA-. the evils-existing prior to 1927 as enumerated TION LOANS-ARTICLE FROM MONT-· above; and s. 1076. A b111 for the relief of Arthur A. Schipke; GOMERY ADVERTISER · VVhereas the agricultural and livestock .in S.1077. A b111 for the relief of Dr.. Paul [Mr. HIL!... asked and obtained leave to have dustry of this Nation is playing, and must Roger Zahlmann; and continue to play. a vital and indispensable printed in the RECORD an artie!~ published in S.1078. A bill conierring jur.isdiction upon the Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser of the 6th part in the program Of national defense, and the Court of Claims to hear, determine, and ~othing would more seriously affect that bur instant under the cap~ion "Alabama reha.bil1· den and the program of national defense r.ender judgment upon the claim of Peter M. tation loans repaid ahea1. of maturity," which Roune; to the Committee on Claims. appears in the Appendix. . ) than a relaxation of the existing barriers to S. 1079. A bill granting a pension to Eliza the importation of infected livestock: Now, beth D. Dunavent; CAMP WILLIAM JAMES, SHARON, VT. therefore, be it S.1080. A bill granting a pension to Ida D. [Mr. AIKEN asked and obtained leave to. Resolved by the Senate of the Sixty-second Fletcher; have printed in the RECORD a statement from General Assembly of the State of Illinois (the S ~ 1081. A bill granting. a pension to Excelta T~ Dartmouth, of the issue of Friday, House of Represent~tives concurring herein), Lague-Leyo; That we hereby respectfully and .earnestly March 7, 1941, which relates to Camp VVil S.1082; A, bill gl'an.ting a pension .to Nellie liam James, at Sharon; Vt., whicb appears. lplportune the President of:the United States A. D. Nichols; in the Appendix.] and the Congress of . the Unit~d States, for · S.1083. A bill granting an increase of pen- the reasons herein stated, to resist any at sion· to_Minnie .M .. Smith; _ VVHY RISK VV.AR WITH. JAPAN?-MEMO temps, and to refraili-from .. any action de-. : RANDOM . BY -MAJ. GEN. WILLIAM ;_ C.- ~ S. 1084: A biU granting a- pension to Lucy A. 1 s'igned to repeal, circumvent; or modify the Thayer; · and . . · - RIVERS " Embargo Act of 1927 relating to the importa 1 I • s. i085. 'A bill ;;ranting ·a ·pension· to 'Ada [Mr. :NYE askeci ·and obtained leave to b.ave. tion o.f dressed meats and meat product!? from Louise Boothi to the Committee on Pensions. foreign ·lands in which there is prevalent the printed 'in 'th~ RECORD a ·memor~ndum enti By Mr. BARKLEY: tled "Why-:Risk War VVith Japan?", by MaJ; livestock -hoof-and-mouth disease;· that suit~ ·· 8. -J. Res. 49. Joint ·resolution providing for ably· engrossed copie.s of this 'preamble and Gen. VVilliaril C.: Rivers, United States· Army; the filling of a vacancy in the Board of Re retired, which appears in ·the Appendix.) resolution be forwarded to the President of gents of the Smithsonian Institution of the the United States, the Secretary of State of class other than Members of Congress; to the A NATIONAL ALLEGORY, BY MRS. P. M. the United States, the Speaker of the House Committee on the Library. SMITH of Representatives of Congress and the Pres By Mr. HAYDEN: ident of the Senate of that body, and to each [Mr. VVILEY asked and obtained leave to Representative and Senator in said Congress S. J. Res. 50. Joint resolution to provide for have printed in the RECORD an article enti the printing with illustrations and binding tled "A National Allegory," by Mrs. P. M. from the State of Illinois. in cloth of revised editions of the Special Re · Adopted by senate, February 5, 1941. Smith, of Newton, Iowa, which appears in ports on the Diseases of the Horse and the the Appendix.] · EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF: A COMMITTEE Diseases of Cattle; to the Committee on . As in executive session, Printing. NATIONAL YOUTH ADMINISTRATION IN The following favorable reports of LIMITATION ON COST OF RIVER AND SHIPYARD SHOPS-ARTICLE BY FOS nominations were submitted from the HARBOR, WATERWAY, AND FLOOD TER HAILEY Committee on Post Offices and Post CONTROL PROJECTS [Mr. MEAD asked and obtained leave to have printed in the REcoRD an article enti Roads: Mr. MALONEY submitted the follow tled "N. Y. A. Has Hundreds in Shipyard By Mr. McKELLAR: ing resolution (8. Res. 85), which was Shops," written by Foster Hailey; and pub Several postmasters. · referred to the Committee on Rules: lished in the New York Times of March 5, BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS Resolved, That hereafter the Committee on 1941, which appears in the Appendix.)" INTRODUCED Commerce shall not report any bill relating CHURCHILL AND HITLER-EDITORIAL to works of improvement of rivers, harbors, Bills and joint resolutions were intro and other waterways, or relating to flood FROM NEW YORK ENQUIRER duced, read the first time, and, by unan control projects, containing any amendment _ [Mr. REYNOLDS asked and obtained leave imous consent, the second time, and which authorizes the prosecution of any such to have printed in the RECORD an editorial referred as follows: work the total cast of which will exceed ·:rrom the New York · Enquirer entitled 2102 : CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MARCH 10 "Churchill's Praise of Hitler Is Warning to shall not be required to refund the amount this man or even to pay his medical ex United States," which appears in the Ap thereof; and any such amount which has penses, much less to do anything else pendix.] been collected from an officer or employee, for him, and has so advised me. or former officer or employee, may be re LETTER FROM W. I. SWANTON ON TAX funded to him. If there be some class of claims of EXEMPT REAL PROPERTY IN THE -DIS which that to which I refer can be made TRICT OF COLUMBIA The amendment was agreed to. a part, and if the pending bill illustrates [Mr. REYNOLDS asked and obtained leave The bill was ordered to be engrossed that type of claim, I desire to have the to have printed in the' RECORD a letter ad for a third reading, read the third time, matter explained, so that I will know dressed to him by W. I. Swanton, secretary and passed. how to take care of the young man in of the Columbia Heights Citizens' Associa JOHN C. CROSSMAN whom I am interested. tion, Washington, D. C., and a resolution Mr. SHEPPARD. Mr. President, I adopted by the association in reference to The bill ceived by any· agent or attorney on account ' : Bow~n. Willie W. ·Hudson, and John L. there objection ·to substituting the House of services rendered in connection with this Walker, which had been reported from bill for the Senate-bill and considering claim, and the same shall be unlawful, any the committee on Claims with an amend the House bill now? 'contract to the contrary notwithstanding. ·Any person violating the provisions of this ment, to add a proviso at the end of the There being no objection, the bill ·officers undi:lr existing law, or both; · subject ' except - that appointments, temporary . ap- , whereas th~ commissioned officer is profes ·to such examination as the· Secretary of War pointments, and promotions in the Army sionally educated and trained to the respon may prescribe: Provided, That· not more than Mine Planter Service shall continue to be . sibilities that .accompany command and 40 percent of the total actual number of made as now provided for: Provided, That _leadership. warrant. officers in active service shall be ap no rights or benefits to' which warrant officers The essential differences between the war pointed in the grade of chief warrant officer: now in active service are entitled under ex rant officer and the master sergeant are, first, Provided further, That warrant officers ap 'isting law shall be affected in any manner by the warrant officer is purely a career man in pointed under existing laws, other than mas 'reason of the enactm€mt of this act: Pro the Army. After appointment his active ·ters and chief engineers of the Army Mine vided further; · That · the -- provisions of this service .in the Army is not terminated except Planter Service, shall be deemed to be war act shall not be retroactive and no back pay through misconduct, inefficiency, or retire rant officers (junior grade) , and masters and or allowances shall accrue by reascn of the ment, whereas ·the master sergeant, being an chief engineers of the Army Mine Planter enactment of this act. enlisted man, is subject to processes of dis Service shall be deemed to be chief warrant charge and· reenlistment every 3 years. Sec .officers, on the date this act shall become. ef The amendments -were agreed to . ond, the warrant officer, by reason of higher fective: And provided further, That all war The bill was ordered to be engrossed qualifications or greater experience, may be rant officers shall take rank next below second for a third reading·, read the third time, given increased responsibilities, and hence is lieutenants and among themselves under and passed. entitled to a higher rate of pay than the regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Mr. THOMAS of Utah. Mr. President, master sergeant. War. in connection with Senate bill 162, to The existing law (sec. 4a, National Defense ·create the grade of chief warrant officer Act, 1920) specified that warrant officers The amendments were agreed to. ·should be appointed from several different The next amendment was, on page 4, in the Army, and for other purposes, I groups. I quote the law: at the end of section 4, to add a proviso, have prepared a statement explaining "Appointments shall be made by the Sec so as to make the section read : the bill and explaining the need for the retary of War from among noncommissioned SEc. 4. Warrant officers may be assigned to provisions in it. I ask that it be inserted officers who have had at least 10 years' en such duties as may be prescribed by the Sec in the RECORD at this point. listed service; enlisted men who served as of retary of War: Provided, That when such There being no objection, the state ficers of the Army at some time between April duties necessarily include those normally per ment was ordered to be printed in the 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, and whose formed by commissioned officers, they shall RECORD, as follows: total service in the Army, enlisted and com be vested with the power to perform such missioned, amounts to 5 years; persons [serv duties under regulations to be prescribed by CHIEF WARRANT OFFICERS' BILL ing or] who have served as Army field clerks the President: Provided further, That when This measure relates to warrant officers of or field clerks, Quartermaster Corps; and, in a warrant officer is serving as assistant ad the Regular Army. the case of those who are to be assigned to jutant of any command, he shall have power The bili creates a new grade for warrant duty as band leaders, from among persons to administer oaths for all purposes of mili officers, namely, chief warrant officer, and who served as Army band leaders at some tary administration: Provided· further, That thus provides for promotion, which warrant time between April 6, 1917, and November 11, warrant officers of the Army shall receive an officers haven't enjoyed in the past, ·and it 1918, or enlisted men possessing suitable increase of 50 percent of their pay when by further provides that until promoted to the qualifications." orders of competent authority they are re grade of chief warrant officer, warrant officers The passage of time alone will render many quired to participate regularly and frequently shall be designated as warrant officers (junior of the statutes relating to tllese appoint in aerial flights, and when in consequence of grade) . ments inoperative . . In just a very short time 'such orders they do participate in regular and The grade warrant officer was first author appointments to the grade of warrant officer frequent aerial flights as defined by such ized for the Regular Army by law in 1918, may be made only from noncommissioned of ·Executive orders as have heretofore been, or specifically for the Army Mine Planter Serv ficers of the Regular Army with over 10 years' may hereafter be, promulgated by the Presi ice in order to provide appropriate grades for service. This accounts for the fact that the dent. the crews of mine planters, namely, master, average warrant officer is 52 years of age, and chief engineer, first mate, second mate, as has completed 30 years of service in the The amendment was agreed to. sistant engineer, and second assistant engi Army, at ·a time when most enlisted men ap The next amendment was, to add a new neer. ply for retirement from active service. Fur section 7, as follows: Two ye9:rs later, in 1920, Congress provided thermore, the average warrant officer has had - SEc. 7. The Secretary of war is authorized, for an additional number of warrant officers 18 years of service as an enlisted man, and during the period from the date this act shall as band leaders and as clerical and adminis he has spent the last 10 years of his service become effective until June 30, 1943, to desig trative -personnel at corps area and other in the Army as a warrant officer without any nate by name a number of chief warrant major Army headquarters. One thousand increase in pay, not even an increase in officers (not exceeding 1 percent of the maxi one hundred and twenty warrant officers were longe-vity pay. -mum authorized number of warrant officers) authorized at that time, in addition to those The War Department has recognized this to receive the base pay and allowances pro previously authorized for the several mine situation for some time and has continually • vided by existing law for officers in the fourth planters. sought to remedy the situation. However, .pay period, and to designate by name an addi In 1922 Congress placed a specific pro during the past 20 years every move made by tional number of chief warrant officers (not hibition upon the filling of vacancies in the the War Department to improve the grade of exceeding 2 percent of the maximum author grade of warrant officer until the actual warrant officer and provide him a much ized number of warrant officers) to receive number in service was reduced to 600. This wider employment, has always met with dis the base pay and allowances provided by restriction resulted in no appointments being couragement, due to the conseuent added cost existing law for officers in the third pay made in the grade of warrant officer for a of the national defense. Also, with no pro period, but no chief warrant officer so desig period of 13 years, 1922 to 1935, except when motion possible for warrant officers, there has nated shall receive such base pay and allow --specifically directed by Congress for certain been no inducement to offer for increased re ances except during the period prescribed by special groups. By this action the War De sponsibilities. It has, thus far, been imprac the Secretary of War or for any period after partment was restricted iri developing a suf ticable to secure the provision of a program June 30, 1943. ficient number of clerical, administrative, for the improvement of the warrant-officer ·and technical specialists to meet require grade which would not conflict with the pro The amendment was agreed to. ments in time of emergency or war. gram of the President or the Bureau of the The next amendments were, on page There is quite a distinction between the Budget. 6, line 7, to change the section number status of a warrant officer and a commis For many years I have been interested in from "7" to "8"; in line 9, after the word sioned officer, as well as an enlisted man. A the plight of the Army bandmaster. I have "hereby", to strike out "rescinded" and to warrant officer is not a commissioned officer repeatedly advocated legislation which would nor is he an enlisted man. He ranks between improve his status. During the last session, insert "repealed"; in line 13, after the the lowest commissioned grade, second lieu the Congress saw fit to pass the Army band word "entitled", to strike out "shall be tenant, and the highest enlisted grade, mas master bill. The Presidential veto on this prejudiced or revoked by passage" and ter sergeant. bill stated as one of the reasons for disap insert "under existing law shall be af Under existing law, the pay of a warrant proval, that this bill sought to provide spe fected in any manner by reason of the officer is greater than that of a master ser cial benefits for a small group of warrant enactment"; in line 17, after the word geant, and because he has more service in officers in the Army, and, in fact, discrim "accrue", to strike out "as a result of the the Army than a second lieutenant he is ac inated against all other warrant officers in corded a higher rate of pay than the second the Army. I must confess that after the passage" and insert "by reason of the lieutenant. many hours of labor spent in conducting enactment", so as to make the section The essential difference between the war hearings and preparing legislation for the read: rant officer and the commissioned officer is Army bandmasters, it was a disappointment SEc. 8. The provisions of any laws hereto that the warrant officer is a vocationally to see it disapproved, and I felt that, at the fore enacted which are in conflict with the trained specialist who works at his specialty -time we were considering this blll, we should provisions of this act are hereby repealed, throughout his entire career in the Army, have been informed as to the situation in 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 2109 regard to all other warrant officers. How men, the total number of warrant officers grossed for a third reading, read the third ever, the bill now before you is the product may be 2,800 permanent warrant officers and time, and passed, as follows: of long and serious study by the War De 950 temporary warrant officers. This provi• partment. It deals with all warrant officers sion of the bill is designed to avoid the crea Be it enacted, etc., That the grade of avia band leaders, clerical, administrative, supply, tion of an over-large permanent career group, tion cadet is hereby created as a special and and technical. No distinction is made in the which would have to be absorbed and which separate enlisted grade in the Air Corps, bill in its treatment of warrant officers. If would create stagnation within the grade Regular Army, 1n substitution for the grade enacted the bill will enable the War Depart when the Army is subsequently returned to of flying cadet, created by the act approved ment to promote immediately about 260 war a. purely peacetime basis. July 11, 1919, entitled "An act making appro rant officers, many of whom are band leaders, As to promotions, promotion to the perma priations for the support· of the Army for the to the grade of chief warrant officer. These nent grade of chief warrant officer is limited fiscal year ending June 30, 1920, and for men have served their country for almost in number to 40 percent of the total actual other purposes." Wherever, in any act of 20 years without any prospect of promotion. number of warrant officers. When the num Congress, the designation "flying cadet" shall Many of them have spent the last 10 years of ber of warrant officers is 2,800, not more than appear, it shall be construed to mean aviation their service without any prospect of increase 1,120 may be chief warrant officers. Within eadet. 1n pay for length of service. For no other this limitation of 40 percent promotions will SEc. 2. The Secretary of War is hereby au reason this bill would warrant favorable con be made from those warrant officers (junior thorized and directed to establish and main sideration. grade) who have completed 10 years' eervice tain one or more schools for the training and However, S. 162 goes further than this. It as warrant officers. Promotions will be on a instruction of aviation cadets. 1s very comprehensive in scope and for the seniority basis, subject to the usual physical SEc. 3. Under such regulations as the Sec :first time since the establishment of the examination, examination of efficiency rec retary of War may prescribe, male citizens of grade of warrant officer it will permit the ords, and records of service. As I have pre the United States may enlist as aviation War Department to make the proper use of viously stated, if this measure is enacted, cadets, and enlisted men in the Regular Army warrant officers, and the members of the approximately 260 warrant officers (junior may be appointed by the Secretary of War Military Affairs Committee are convinced that grade), including many band leaders, will be as aviation cadets. Each aviation cadet shall, 1ts enactment wm add materially to the eligible immediately for promotion to the at the time of his enlistment or appointment efficiency of our Army. At least half of the grade of chief warrant officers. as such, be required to sign an agreement number authorized will be in a technical There is a temporary provision in this b111 that upon his successful completion of the classification. With the large amount of new effective until June 30, 1943, which author prescribed course of training and instruction equipment with which our Army is now being izes the Secretary of War up to that date to as an aviation cadet he will accept a commis provided, more than ever is there a military designate by name a number of permanent sion as second lieutenant, Air Corps Reserve, need for well-trained specialists to care for or temporary chief warrant officers not t.o ex and will serve as such for a continuous period this equipment and to train others in its ceed 1 percent of the maximum authorized of 3 years on active duty, unless sooner re proper use. Enactment of this legislation number of warrant officers to receive the base leased: Provided, That in the case of a minor would permit the War Department to secure pay and allowances provided by existing law such agreement shall be signed with the con the services of many technicia,ns needed to for officers in the fourth pay period, and to sent of his pareP:ts or guardian. Upon the maintain tanks, airplanes, antiaircraft artil designate by name an additional number of successful compttJtion of such prescribed lery, armored vehicles, and trucks. Warrant chief warrant officers, not exceeding 2 per: course of training and instruction each avia officers will be selected principally from the cent of the maximum authorized number of tion cadet shall be commissioned as a second ranks of our noncommissioned officers. How warrant officers to receive the base pay and lieutenant, Air Corps Reserve, and upon the ever, of the utmost importance, selectees, allowances provided by existing law for offi completion of such period of 3 years on active upon completion of their year's training, will cers in the third pay period. Under this pro duty each such second lieutenant shall be be given an opportunity to compete through vision, when the strength of the Regular Army promoted to the grade of first lieutenant, Air examination for appointment as warrant of is 375,000 enlisted men, the Secretary of War Corps Reserve. The Secretary of War may at ficer in the various services. With the pros would be authorized to appoint 37 chief war any time discharge any aviation cadet or pect of a better career, additional responsi rant officers who would receive the base pay release from active duty any such officer in bilities will be placed upon warrant officers. and allowances for officers in the fourth pay the Air Corps Reserve. This will release commissioned officers who period, and 74 chief warrant officers who SEc. 4. The base pay of any aviation cadet are now performing many of these duties would receive the base pay and allowances of shall be $75 per month, which pay shall in and will enable them to devote their whole the third pay period. The military situation clude extra pay for flying risk, as provided by time to their primary job and responsibility is changing very rapidly, and the War De law. Aviation cadets shall be paid, in ad of command and leadership. partment foresees the possibility of a mili dition, a money allowance for subsistence of In its broader aspects, the purposes of tary need developing in the near future for $1 per day and shall, while undergoing train the bill are threefold: First, to create the a limited number of these additional pay ing, be furnished quarters, medical care, and grade of chief warrant officer in the Army, grades. The Department plans that the posi hospitalization and shall be issued uniforms, and, as it is a new grade in the Army, to. tions may be used to provide purely mmtary clothing, and equipment at Government ex provide for the pay and allowances of the personnel in certain positions where it is now pense. No aviation cadet shall be entitled to grade. Second, to remove the present legis necessary to provide civilian technicians receive longevity pay. While traveling under lative restriction of 600 upon the authorized whose pay, in a civilian capacity, ranges from orders they shall, under such regulations as number of warrant officers, and thus to per $2,700 to $4,900 annually, depending upon the Secretary of War may prescribe, receive mit a much broader utilization of the grade. their classification by categories. This pro transportation and reimbursement for neces Third, to codify existing laws relating to war vision, as previously stated, is temporary in sary expenses incurred which are incident to rant officers and to clarify them from the nature, in that the authority of the Secretary such travel, or cash in lieu thereof. When viewpoint of administration. of War in this respect wm expire July 1, 1943, traveling by air under competent orders, they As to the pay of warrant officers, the bill and the Department does not desire to make shall receive the same allowances for travel fixes the base pay of the chief warrant offi such provisions permanent in nature until ing expenses as are now or may hereafter be cer at $170 per month, plus the monthly more experience is gained from observing the authorized by law for officers of the Army. allowances of the second pay period {$40 employment of warrant officers in positions of When commissioned as second lleutenants, rental, plus $18 subsistence, without de increased l'esponsibility. Air Corps Reserve, pursuant to this act, they pendents; $60 rental, plus $36 subsistence, As to the cost of the measure, on the basis shall be paid a uniform allowance of $150. with dependents). of a strength of 375,000 enlisted men, which SEc. 5. Aviation cadets shall be issued Gov The base pay of warrant officer (junior would permit appointing 3,750 warrant offi ernment life insurance in the amount of grade) remains · the same as heretofore, as cers, the War Department estimates the addi $10,000, the premiums on which shall be paid provided by existing law for . the present tional cost over the regular appropriations by the Government. Upon being commis warrant officer grade, that is, $148 a month, fOr the fiscal year 1941 as $6,820,476. sioned as second lieutenants, Air Corps Re plus the monthly allowances of the first The Committee on Military Affairs has re serve, they shall have the option of contin pay period ($40 rental, plus $18 subsist ported favorably upon this bill. General Mar uing such policies at their own expense. ence). As to the number of warrant officers shall, the Chief of Staff of the Army, has urged heretofore authorized and proposed by this its enactment. The Bureau of the Budget has SEc. 6. Section 2 of the act of June 16, measure, the present limitation of 600 is advised your committee that it is not in con 1936 ( 49 Stat. 1524), as ·amended, is hereby removed. The number to be authorized in flict with the President's program. We be amended to read as follows: the future is to be prescribed by the Presi lieve it is wortl:'ty of favorable consideration. "SEc. 2. Whenever any Air Corps Reserve dent, presumably after budgetary considera officer who has not been selected for com tions, but in no event shall the number ex CREATION OF GRADE OF AVIATION CADET mission in the Regular Army is released from ceed 1 percent of the enlisted strength of IN AIR CORPS active duty that has been continuous for 1 the Regular Army, as authorized by law. or more years, he shall be paid a lump sum However, the Secretary of War is author The bill (S. 840) to create the grade of of $500 for each complete year of active serv ized by thb bill to make temporary appoint aviation cadet in the Air Corps, Regular ice as such officer, and if released from active ments whenever the authorized strength of Army, and to prescribe the pay and al duty otherwise than upon his own request, the Regular Army exceeds 280,000; thus, for lowances therefor, and for other pur or as a result of inefficient or unsatisfactory an authorized strength of 375,000 enlisted poses, was considered, ordered to be en- service as determined by the Secretary of 2110 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MARCH 10 War, such lump-sum payment shall be pro Cong., 3d sess.), is hereby amended to read as Mr. WALSH. Mr. President, the bill rated for fractional parts of each year of such follows: "Notwithstanding the provisions of authorizes the Secretary of the Navy to active service. The lump-sum paymentS section 2 of the act of May 29, 1930 (46 Stat. develop or establish naval shore activi herein authorized shall be in addition to any 468), and section 204 of the act of June 30, pay, allowances, compensation, or benefits 1932 (47 Stat. 404), any person heretofore or ties by the construction of public-works which such officers may otherwise be entitled hereafter retired under the Civil Service Re projects in various sections of the United to receive." tirement Act of May 29, 1930, as amended, States, in the Alaska area, and also in SEc. 7. All laws and parts of laws inconsist may be reemployed in the service of the connection with bases which have re ent with or in confi~ct with the provisions of War and Navy Departments and the Federal cently come under the control of the this act are hereby repealed. Bureau of Investigation of the Department United States by reason of their transfer SEC. 8. This act may be cited as the "Army of Justice and be continued in such service from the British Government. Those Aviation Cadet Act." not later than June 30, 1942." stations are located at Trinidad, New REEMPLOYMENT OF RETIRED EMPLOYEES CONVEYANCE OF CERTAIN LANDS IN foundland, Bermuda, British Guiana, BY FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGA· FLORIDA Jamaica, Antigua, St. Lucia, and the TION The bill - Mr. VANDENBERG. r The· Senator attitude of the Army, · The ·general said, Arkansas. I assume that there is no calls attention to the fact that we will among other things: discrimination in favor of one camp as probably appropriate $3,000,000,000 in Frankly we had not anticipated that the against another. the next 20 minutes. American people would ever be sufficiently Mr. MURRAY. Recently I received a Mr. ADAMS. We may do it even more aroused to authorize in time of peace such a letter from a · family in Montana who quickly than that. tremendous program for the national defense. claimed that they had been informed by Mr. VANDENBERG. I call the Sena The American people had been aroused their son fn one of the camps that the tor's attention to the fact that the Fi to urge this tremendous program, which men in damp clothes had to go to bed nance Committee shortly probably will involves the great deficiency which is in tents without any heat in cold weather, ~truggle .for 2 months to write a new tax now being· presented. The plans pro and with their teeth chattering when bill which may raise another billion dol vide for an army of 1,418,000. At the they retired in the evening, and that they lars, which is a further emphasis upon the present time there are approximately would find the same situation in the disparity between income and outgo, and 800,000 men in the Army. We are look morning. I am hoping that that report shows what a fix we will be in. ing forward to an increase of 600,000. does not represent the facts. I am very Mr. ADAMS. In this bill the appro That the men who go to the camps are glad to hear the statement read by the priation for the War Department is not being mistreated came to me rather very able Senator from Colorado, which $695,000,000; and for the Navy, $631,000,- entertainingly in the House hearings. I I hope can be verified in the particular 000. Then there are some contract au wish to read a letter which was presented camp to which I have reference. How thorizations. by General Marshall to the House Ap ever, I am sending the letter to the War That portion of the bill which provides propriations Committee. The letter was Department for investigation. . funds for the Army is almost exclusively written by a staff sergeant at Camp Mr. ADAMS. Mr. President, that, in in the form of a lump sum of $675,000,- Joseph T. Robinson, Little Rock, Ark. substance, covers the outline of the War 000, and then two lesser items. In the He says: Department items. In those items there is $191,000,000 for aviation. There are House committee report, and in the These tents we ar~ living in are not tents statement of the Army authorities be at · all, but rather cabins. Canvas they do no amendments submitted by the com fore the Senate Appropriations Com have, but the board floors, over cement mittee to the War Department section mittee the Army appropriations are di blocks, plus clapboard siding, coupled with of the bill. vided into several categories. The first the glass doors and gas stoves, make for-real Title ll, devoted to the Navy Depart is $338,000,000, made up principally of convenience. However, that wasn't enough. ment, sets forth in very considerable de No; the Army has to pass out spring beds, tail various items of proposed expendi items to complete the payment for con with brand-new mattresses. Still not struction under way, for which apprq ture. They are quite different from the enough; new mattress covers, great big pil War Department items. It is pointed priations heretofore made were thought lows, also new pillow slips, sheets, and new to be sufficient. The increase in cost blankets; out that in addition to the appropriation has rendered the original estimate of We have electric lights; thus we are fully there is a contract authorization of quite cost many million dollars below what the enabled to enjoy life to radio music. Our a substantial sum-i think approximately cost has proved to be. So we have a requisition was completed today, so tomor $200,000,000. At one point there is a row we will draw our new uniforms, which contract authorization of $157,000,000. $338,000,000 item which represents an include, among other things, underwear, Par-t of the money is for added personnel, underestimate of cost. I think I ought too, both cotton and wool longies", socks, which involves a direct appropriation of to state in connection therewith, that overshoes; and even wrist watches, for four General Somervell, in charge of con of us. • • • $133,000,000 and an authorization of $15;- struction ·for the Army, said to us that, Caroline should see these kitchens. . Four 000,000. There is a personnel item for due to the fact that the Army was gas ranges (all this gas for hot water and the Navy, running to the end of the year, cooking and heating is natural gas), two ice and a deficiency for the Marine Corps pushed for time and crowded to under~ take construction rapidly; and that boxes that would fill "our whole kitchen due to increased personnel. At the end • • • brand new, white-enameled. of the year the Navy had 172,000 men. camps, cantonments, facilities of various Right across the street is the canteen, in kinds, were located without proper ini It is expected by the end of March to have which we can buy anything we want. Next 232,000 men. A short time ago the tial surveys and investigations, the cost door to that is the recreation hall, which is 34,000 was at least $100,000,000 more than it the "nuts." Stage and movie projectors. Marine Corps had men, and it is would have been had there been adequate About a half mile down the line is a swim expected to have a maximum quota of preliminary surveys. I merely state ming pool, just built, which could easily 50,000. contain four Peony Parks. · The aeronautics branch of the Navy that as a fact. It. is stated to us as a · When we arrived Monday, after a swell has an appropriation of $96,000,000, and fact by the Ar_my authorities. train ride, in our drawing ·room, workmen a contract authorization of $30,000,000. There is included '$15,000,000 for sur were still working. In fact, there were 5,000 This includes a program of 7,129 planes. veys, perhaps in ' the -guise of a lock on of them who come every. morning still. They are painting and plumbing as if their hearts · A quick survey of the principal items the stable door after the horse has gone, shows that for the Bureau of Ships there but the committee believe there is still would break. • • • When mess call blows, we stroll into the is an appropriation of $49,,000,000 and a opportunity for substantial savings by mess hall, sit down, and eat like pigs. Talk contract authorization of $49,000,000. proper engineering, proper surveys, and about service-we are waited on by K. P.'s. The Ordnance Bureau of the Navy has proper investigations. I think it is fit Dishes of food are on the tables. We'd die an appropriation of $64,000,000. The ·Bu ting that the Senate should have these if we had to wash our own mess kits. In teau of Yards and Docks of the Navy facts in its records so that it may know fact, we don't even have mess kits; all we have to do is eat. The plates, hotel china, has an appropriation of $172,000,000 and what it costs to crowd the Army au contract authorization of $19,000,000. thorities into exercising such great haste. are washed by cooks in the automatic. dish a washers. • • • Honestly, one cannot pos Under the head of "Replacement of The next item of magnitude is $236,- sibly exaggerate ~he utter comfort we have. naval vessels" there is an appropriation 000,000 for additional · project require of $100,000,000. The armor and ammu ments. This is construction work which I read that letter so that if anyone nition section of the bill contains an has not been undertaken, which ~he should feel that the soldiers in the camps appropriation of $102,000,000. The bill Army authorities say is justified and are being mistreated, he may see that the provides for 40 destroyers and 400 smaller made necessary by the increase in the sergeant who wrote the letter is not con craft. armed forces of the country and in the scious of it. Mr. President, that in substance repre program of preparedness. With respect Mr. MURRAY. Mr. President, will the sents an outline which I felt should be to such construction there is no element Senator yield? presented before the bill moved on its of lack of proper preliminary work. Mr. ADAMS. I yield. course. · The Chief of Staff of the Army, Gen Mr. MURRAY. Does the statement The PRESIDING OFFICER. The .eral Marshall, made a statement before which the Senator has just read cover question is on agreeing to the first com the House committee which was in sub the situation in all the camps through mittee amendment. stance repeated by General Moore before out the country? Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. President, what is :the Senate Appropriations Committee. Mr. ADAMS. This sergeant was writ meant by "the first committee amend -The statement somewhat indicates the ing from Camp Joseph T. Robinson in ment"? LXXXVII--134 2124 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MARCH 10 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk plants, and that those in 0. P. M. and pointed in the present defense set-up will again state the amendment. the National Defense Commission merely shall serve. The President appoints The CHIEF CLERK. On page 4, line 8, approve the finished handiwork of the those men. We have nothing to do with after the word "training", 1; is proposed Departments when it is delivered to them. their selection. The President can shift to strike out "$11,000" and insert Undoubtedly, in connection with the theni around tomorrow in any way he "$71,000." expenditure of hundreds of millions of sees fit. Mr. HOLMAN. Very well. dollars for industrial plants, the respon Mr. MURDOCK. As I understand the The amendment was agreed to. sibility for selecting the sites should be amendment, no one can sit on the Board The next amendment was, on page 4, fixed on some agency of the Government. unless he holds office as designated. line 12, after the word "Navy", to strike That is all this amendment undertakes Mr. RUSSELL. Exactly. I may say out "$661,067" and insert "$721,067." to do. It creates a Board to be composed to the Senator that, while I do not know The amendment was agreed to. of the Director General in the Office of that those gentlemen at the present time The next amendments were, under the Production Management, Mr. Knudsen, call themselves the Plant Site Board, yet subhead "Bureau of Yards and Docks", in who would be the representative of in the individuals who fill the three posi the item for maintenance, on page 6, dustry; the Associate Director General tions referred to in the amendment are line 9, after the words "purchase of", to of the Office of Production Management, at the present time supposed to pass strike out "36" and insert "40", and in Mr. Hillman, who would be the repre upon the selection of the sites; but there line 12, after the word "each", to strike sentative of labor; and Mr. Chester C. is some controversy as to whether they out "$2,583,600" and insert "$2,586,000." Davis, the Agricultural Commissioner, do it. The purpose of the amendment is The amendments were agreed to. who would be the representative of agri· merely to specify in the appropriation The next amendment was, under culture. The Board of three would ap what the War Department and the Navy the heading "Navy Department-Naval prove plans submitted by the Navy De Department claim is the existing order. Emergency Fund", on page 22, after line partment for construction carried by The PRESIDING OFFICER. The 4, to insert: appropriations in the bill, with respect to question is on agreeing to the amend No part of the funds appropriated in title the location of sites. I think there is no ment reported by the committee. II of this act shall be available for the acquisi controversy that somewhere we should tion or construction of industrial facllities, have somebody or some group that would The amendment was agreed to. including buildings and equipment, unless be responsible for the selection of the Mr. RUSSELL subsequently said: Mr. the location and size thereof have been ap sites. President, I ask unanimous consent to proved by a Plant Site Board (composed of have printed in the RECORD immediately the Director General and Associate Director Mr. VANDENBERG. Mr. President, will the Senator yield for a question? following my remarks on the amendment General of the Office of Production Manage relating to the industrial-site location, ment and the Agric.ultural Commissioner of Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. the portion of the report of the com the National Defense Advisory Commission) Mr. VANDENBERG. On what theory on the basis of Navy requirements for equip mittee appearing on page 4 which ex is the Agricultural Commissioner to deal plains the amendment. ment and supplies to be produced by such with industrial facilities? :facilities and field studies conducted jointly There being no objection, the matter with or independent of the Navy, with par Mr. RUSSELL. Because agriculture referred to was ordered to be printed in ticular reference to appropriate sites. as a ·tremendous stake in this program. the RECORD, as follows: The selection of the sites for these plants Mr. ADAMS. Mr. President, this pro will certainly affect the areas of the SELECTION OF INDUSTRIAL SITES vision has been added to the bill by the country which are primarily agricultural. The testimony before the committee dis· committee; and I suggest to the junior As I see the matter, it was necessary to closed that the Department advises with the Senator from Georgia [Mr. RussELL], have a third member of the Board. Cer .. Office of Production Management and the who is the sponsor of the amendment, Nation-al Defense Commission with respect to tainly Mr. Davis, with his broad experi the location of industrial sites constructed that perhaps it would be well if he would ence in agriculture and in finance-! un with funds appropriated to the Department. explain its purpose and content. derstand he will be appointed to a very It has been very difficult for members o:f Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, I do not responsible financial position--should be the committee to ascertain who is definitely know that I can add anything to the made the third member of the Board. I responsible for the location of these indus report of the committee, which briefly think agriculture has a very definite stake trial sites. Feeling that in the expenditure outlines the reasons for the amendment. in this matter, because these plants of enormous sums from the Federal Treasury At the present time hu~dreds of millions concentrated, as they are, in some areas for the construction of these facilities some of dollars are being expended throughout agency of the Federal Government should will draw large numbers of persons, and be charged with definite responsibility for the Nation for the construction and will practically deplete the skilled-labor the location of the plants in order to prevent equipment of industrial plants, and for supply of some States. A dislocation of waste, and fairly distribute these industries all facilities that go to make a lock-and labor will ensue; and labor and the prog throughout the Nation so as to prevent un• key job, completely finished plants, ready ress of labor are so definitely related to due centralization of industry or maldistribu for operation. Those plants are placed the welfare of agriculture that I certain tion of the available supply of skilled labor in the hands of individuals or cor ly think someone with an interest in and the unnecessary creation of unfavorable porations-largely corporations-and the employment conditions, the committee have agriculture should have a position on the ~;tpproved an amendment limiting the con War Department or the Navy Depart Board. struction of industrial facilities to those sites ment awards contracts to those corpora Mr. MURDOCK. Mr. President, will approved by a plant-site board composed of tions for the production of various items the Senator yield to me for a question? the Director General (William S. Knudsen), of materiel which are needed by the War the Associate Director General (Sidney Hill Department and the Navy Department. Mr. RUSSELL. I yield. man) of the Office of Production Manage Some of us have been concerned about Mr. MURDOCK. Are we to under ment, and the Agricultural Commissioner the apparent concentration of such stand that by the adoption of the amend (Chester C. Davis) of the National Defense plants in limited areas where already ment there would be created a board Advisory Commission, the amendment pro there is great industrial development. It known as the Plant Site Board, and that posed is as follows: has been exceedingly difficult for us to then in the appropriation bill we would "No part of the :funds appropriated 1n appoint the personnel of the Board? title n of this act shall be available for the ascertain just who was responsible for acquisition or construction of industrial fa the location of these plants. Inquiries at Mr. RUSSELL. No; not necessarily. cilities, including buildings and equipment, the War Department and the Navy De The amendment merely selects the men unless the location and size thereof have been partment would lead one to believe that who are now supposed to pass upon the approved by a plant-site board (composed of the Office of Production Management in selection of the sites-men who already the Director General and Associate Director the National Defense Commission was have been appointed by the President. General of the Office of Production Manage responsible for selecting the sites; but Of course these gentlemen all hold office ment and the· Agricultural Commissioner of the National Defense Advisory Commission) those who are in authority at the Office at the will of the President. He may on the basis of Navy requirements for equip of Production Management and at the make changes of personnel on the Board ment -and supplies to be produced by such National Defense Commission say that in any way he sees fit. We do not name :facilities and field studies conducted jointly the Army and the Navy are primarily re any position in the bill. The bill merely with or independent of the Navy, with par• ·'iPonsible for the location of the various provides that those who are already ap- ticular reference to appropriate sites." 1941 CONGRESSIONAL . RECORD-SENATE 2125 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The · · Mr. DANAHER. Then I assume that the necessity arose, as described in the clerk will state the next amendment re it is intended to take care of them for testimony, of recruiting a large number ported by the committee. the next fiscal year from the $100,00(),- of employees to go to Pearl Harbor- The next amendment was, on page 22, · 000 to be appropriated to ·the President 4,500, as I recall-and at various plants, after line 18, to insert: . under the emergency fund provision in and it was deemed necessary that an in the executive offices appropriation bill? vestigation be made promptly as to the TITLE III-CIVIL NATIONAL DEFENSE ACTIVITIES Mr. ADAMS. As a matter of fact, the character of the employees, there was INDEPENDENT AGENCIES President from his fund during the pres some justification for the use of the emer Civil Service· Commission ent fiscal year has turned over to the gency fund; but there is no justification National-defense activities: For an addi Civil Service Commission something over after that. They should be required to tional amount for salaries and expenses, fiscal year 1941, to be available only for investiga $3,000,000, so that they have had that come to Congress. They came to Con tional work in connection with national amount in excess of appropriations in gress and Congress has not seen fit to defense activities, to be merged with funds the regular annual appropriation bill. give them as much money as they asked allocated to the Commission for national What we will do in the regular appro for. They asked for approximately $700,- defense activities from the appropriations priation bill I hesitate to foretell. 000, as I recall, and the Appropriations "Emergency Fund of the President" contained Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will Committee has recommended only the 1n the Military Appropriation Act, 1941, and the Senator yield further? sum carried in this bill. Whether or not the act making appropriations for the Navy Mr. ADAMS. Certainly. they will have any for this purpose for Department for the fiscal year 1941, $125,000. Mr. DANAHER. Why might not the the next fiscal year will depend upon the Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will the appropriation be dropped in lines 23 to 26 action of the Congress. Senator from Colorado please explain the on page 22, and from line 1 to line 4 on - Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will nature of the investigation that is being page 23, and let the entire item be cov the Senator from Colorado yield further? pursued under this section? ered in the executive offices appropriation Mr. ADAMS. Certainly. Mr. ADAMS. Mr. President, the rep bill? Mr. DANAHER. I first want to thank resentat1ves of the Civil Service Commis Mr. ADAMS. I am very frank in say the Senator from South Carolina for his sion appeared before the Appropriations ing to the Senator that I am among the helpfulness to those of us who are not on Committee and said that by reason o'f the few who think that Congress is the body the Committee on Appropriations and do very large increase in the number of em-· which should determine how the public not have the advantage that Senators on ployees on the Feder.al rolls due to the money shall be spent. I do not enthuse the committee have · in hearing the defense program, they were not able to over the allocation of vast sums to any testimony. make the investigations which they Government agency which may then do Mr. ADAMS. The Senator refers to it thought should be made. They asked for what it is the duty of Congress to do in as "an advantage." I am not sure that it a larger sum than this, but the committee making appropriations. Therefore, I is not a disadvantage rather than an ad felt that, inasmuch as this was a defi think it is our duty, if there is necessity vantage. ciency appropriation, only running for 3 for extra employees, that the Congress make the necessary provision. Mr. DANAHER. Then without even months, the amount we were giving would calling it a benefit, let me say the factual be adequate. I may say, as a matter of Mr. DANAHER. The committee has placed a limit of $125,000 on this particu background upon which the Senator from figures, that in May the civil service had Colorado and the Senator from South on their pay roll 80 investigators. They lar item in this fourth supplemental na tional-defense appropriation bill. The Carolina proceed. The fact remains, have built that number up to 250, and this however, as we read the language before will enable them to add, I think, at least committee, I assume, did it on the basis that such service may be required only us, that while we are appropriating only 100 extra investigators. $125,000 by the particular amendment, . Mr. STEWART. Mr. President-- for 3 or 4 months . Mr. ADAMS. That is all we are pro and while the item in and of itself is . Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, beg small, on its face it becomes apparent ging pardon of the Senator from Ten viding for. I shall not attempt as one to say what the situation may be later. that it is intended that the people to be nessee, will the Senator from Colorado covered by it will later be covered by the permit me just a moment more? The Senator knows that at a very recent date, no later than Saturday, a bill was fund that is to be appropriated to the ' Mr. ADAMS. I yield. passed which may involve increased em- . President in the emergency-fund item m Mr. DANAHER. As I re:m the testi ' ployment. The situation may change, . Calendar No. 72, House bill 2788, for it mony by Mr. Flemming, he contemplates and I am not here to foretell what. the ' expressly states that the fund herewith the use of this force over a period of 15 obligations may be at the end of the made available is to · be merged · with o! 16 months, and perhaps I erroneously fiscal year. I am saying, however, that. funds allocated to the ·commission for conclude that in this deficiency bill we the committee thought that this amount national-defense activities from the ap- are providing not for a 3 months' period ought to be given to the Civil Service. . propriation, "Emergency ·fund of the but for a 15 or ·16 months', and, hence, Commission at this time under the two President." for a recurring service. -Then it would limitations provided. Mr. ADAMS. The amount heretofore b.e my observation and my expectation . Mr. BYRNES. Mr. President, will the allocated is $3,000,000 . that if investigation is to be made of Senator yield? Mr. DANAHER. I thank the Senator. those who are to be added to the rolls, Mr. ADAMS. I yield. I thought that is what he told me earlier, the investigation will be concluded Mr. BYRNES. I may say to the Sen but if we now establish the principle that within a very brief period of time. Is ator from Connecticut that funds were that service is to be maintained, and on not that a fair conclusion? allocated out of the emergency fund of the basis, as in the past, from funds Mr. ADAMS. The representatives of the President when the necessity arose hitherto allocated, when we take up the the Commission asked for an increase in at a time when it was deemed impossible next appropriation bill on the calendar, their clerical force, in which the com promptly to secure funds from the Con will we not then have laid the foundation mittee did not acquiesce. We feel that gress; but the position has been taken for continuing these employees in if that force were increased by reason that when such a situation does not exist, definitely? of what is a peak demand at this time, there is not such an emergency as would Mr. ADAMS. I will say to. the Sen we might wind up with these employees justify the allotment of funds, and the ator that the Appropriations Committee permanently on the rolls, and perhaps agency should then come to Congress, as had in mind the very thing which the it were better to stand a little congestion the Civil Service Commission is ordinarily · Senator desires. Had the committee for a time than to have this very large required to come to the Congress, and given the Civil Service Commission what increase permanently. We are making present its case. If it has any funds for they asked, we would have been laying this appropriation to relieve their load this character of activity for the next the ground work for two appropriations merely until the end of the present fiscal fiscal year, it is not to be assumed that of $3,000,000 a year instead of laying the year. they will be allotted any funds from the ground work for an appropriation of Mr. DANAHER. Mr. President, will emergency appropriation. My own opin $400,000 a year; in other words, we have the Senator bear with me further? ion is that they should not be allotted definitely taken a step along the line Mr. ADAMS. Certainly. funds from that appropriation. When of economy. 2126 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MARCH 10 · Mr. DANAHER. I thank the Senator been expanded beyond the original con Committee or any other committee, be for his patience with me. templation. cause all of us who sit in this Chamber The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Mr. STEWART. And those three are equally guilty. Any Senator could question is on agreeing to the amend items make up the three-hundred-and have knocked the authorization out of ment reported by the committee. eighty-odd-million-dollar deficit that the the appropriation bill on a point of or The amendment was agreed to. Senator has mentioned? der, but no Senator made the point of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill Mr. ADAMS. Yes; not inclusive of all order, altho-:..tgh everyone was well advised · is open to further amendment. things, however. They are the major that the item was subject to a point of Mr. STEWART. Mr. President, will items. order. · the Senator yield? Mr. STEWART. The chief ones? I merely desire to call attention again, Mr. ADAMS. I yield. Mr. ADAMS. Yes. as the Senator from Colorado has already Mr. STEWART. I was out of the Mr. STEWART. May I inquire who done, to these perfectly startling dis Chamber when the Senator referred t;o will spend the rest of this money if it is crepancies, which would not have been in the total amount which this bill carries. appropriated? any degree whatever possible under a Will the Senator now give me that Mr. ADAMS. The Army engineers. system of competitive bidding. On these information? Mr. STEWART. The same people who constructions the Senator from Colorado Mr. ADAMS. The amount for the made this mistake in the beginning? has already put in the RECORD the original War Department is $695,118,000; for the Mr. ADAMS. There is a question lump-sum estimates, but I think it is Navy Department, $681,221,602; and for about whether the mistake was on the worth while to emphasize them again: the Civil Service Commission, $125,000. part of the Army engineers or upon the Original estimate, $180,991 ,914; actual Then there are contract authorizations part of those who directed the Army en cost, $265,703,074; - a deficiency of of some $157,000,000. gineers to go ahead with the construction $84,711,160. Mr. STEWART. The portions which before investigations were made. Mr. RUSSELL. Mr. President, I may go to the Navy and Army, as I under Mr. STEWART. Whether it was a say to the Senator from Missouri that - stand, represent deficiencies due to fail mistake or not, there is at least a differ those figures refer to the contracts which ure to construct the camps and canton ence of three or four hundred million were let under competitive bidding. ments throughout the country within the dollars? Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I am coming limits of the original appr-opriations. Mr. ADAMS. I think it is not entirely down now to the next type of contracts, Mr. ADAMS. As to the Navy, no. beyond reason to say that there was 100 - which are not contracts let under com As to the Navy, I think it is rather percent underestimate of the cost of these petitive bidding, as to which there is a strictly to be described as a supplemental facilities. further very startling discrepancy. bill, a rather broad, sweeping list of in Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi Mr. RUSSELL. I concede that. dividual items of construction here and dent, will the Senator yield at that point? Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Original es there, reaching as far away as Guam. Mr. ADAMS. I yield to the Senator timate, $298,993,199; present estimate, Mr. STEWART. What portion of the from Missouri. $552,612,054. This does not include final - appropriation which is asked for here for cost. This does not mean that they may the benefit of the Army could be classed Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I realize, of not undergo in the next few months the as deficiency money? course. that the Appropriations Commit same gouging game that they have been Mr. ADAMS. Three hundred and tee is not a legislative committee; but, if undergoing in the past few months. It thirty-eight million dollars. That sum I recall correctly, the prohibition against does not mean that the same collusion represents largely the actual cost of en letting any other sort of contracts than or inefficiency or negligence may not terprises undertaken in excess of esti contracts by competitive bids was lifted again boost the cost 100 percent. Origi- in various appropriation acts. Is that mates and appropriations heretofore correct, or not? That is my recollection, nal estimate, $298,993,199; present esti- - made. In other words, the cost of the that in the rush of the defense program mate, $552,612,054; a deficiency of $253,- cantonments, the facilities, has exceeded the bills came in with the system of com 678,855, or approximately 90 percent. I the estimates by nearly $338,000,000. petitive bidding lifted, on the theory of have not figured the percentage, but the Mr. STEWART. Let me ask another expedition, and it was frankly admitted present estimate is approximately 90 per question along the same line: H;...s this cent above the original one; and, as I say, ~ money already been spent? that the items were subject to points of order; but the points of order were not it is simply \lle present estimate, without Mr. ADAMS. It has not. any assurance as to the final cost. Mr. STEWART. Is it all under con made in the Senate. Mr. President, to my mind that pre tract, or is any portion of it under con Mr. ADAMS. My recollection of the sents one of the most startling situations tract? matter is a little hazy. I think there that ever confronted this country in the Mr. ADAMS. No. We were told by was some original lifting of the prohibi matter of governmental expenditures. It the Army people that they were very tion, and then I think there was a subse is certainly prima facie evidence either of scrupulous in not making contracts be quent broad act which did not come out startling inefficiency and negligence on yond their appropriations and their con of thf.! Appropriations Committee. the part of the War Department, who tract authorizations. They said they Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I recall such arrogate to themselves all wisdom in let were strictly observing the antideficiency a.n act from the Naval Affairs Committee; ting these contracts, or of collusion in law. Of course, the Senator knows that but my recollection is that as to the War some quarters among the contractors and the Appropriations Committee is not an Department-the Department having to the supply men. I say that in either auditing committee. do with all these cantonments-the re event it is a matter which should have Mr. STEWART. Can the Senator striction was lifted in an appropriation the undivided primary attention of Con- - from Colorado tell in a few words why bill. gress while we are spending these vast there was such a tremendous deficit? Mr. ADAMS. The Senator will recol sums of money. If there has been inef Mr. ADAMS. I can tell the major lect that the first effort to raise the lim ficiency, the officers of the War D~part items as they were given to us. The it--not to eliminate the limit--was in ment who are responsible for it ought to Army representatives said that had they connection with airplane construction. be brought before an efficiency board. made preliminary surveys and investiga Mr. CLARK of Missouri. That is true. If there has been negligence or collusion tions as to sites and locations and other Mr. ADAMS. There was a limit of 8 of any sort, either the officers of the War conditions prior to starting construction percent, and we were asked to raise that Department ought to be tried by general they would have saved more than $100,- ceiling of possible profits to either 10 or court martial, or, if those at .fault are 000,000. That .was the statement of 12 perc-ent; and, following that, there civilians, they ought to be tried in the General Somervell, who is at the head were some variations of that limit-! do criminal courts of the United States. of the construction activities. In addi -not recall the amount--a 6-percent limit But while Congress is spending these vast tion to that, there has been an increase here, a 7-percent limit there, an 8-per sums of money-and I assume that every in material costs and in labor costs and cent limit there. I 'think the Army limit Member of this body and every Member in all the costs that go into the con is 6 percent. of the House of Representatives is willing struction work; and then we have the Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I have no to spend anything that is necessary for third item that many of the plants have disposition to criticize the Appropriations the national defense-it ought to scruti- 1941 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE· 2127 nize most carefully the way in which the trained three or four million men. Mr. HAYDEN. Was that the camp money is spent. That means, again, a greater perma which was formerly utilized by the Na We are now having a cantonment built nent investment in the camps. tional Guard of Pennsylvania as a camp in Missouri. I read in the newspaper the In addition to that, we have to locate ground for a division? other day that there was a deficiency the camps and acquire around the camps Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I do not estimate I think of $12,000,000 on that training areas which vary in size from know. particular cantonment, amounting to forty to fifty thousand to sixty ·or sev Mr. HAYDEN. It was, as a matter of nearly 100 percent of the cost, while a enty thousand acres of land, which must fact; and the reason why it was chosen little more than 150 miles away there is be leased or rented. We cannot take was that the authorities naturally as an old camp on which the Government the World War experience as a basis sumed, the State of Pennsylvania having has already spent three or four million and figure what has to be done at this used the site for many years, that it was dollars, not suitable for large bodies of time. I think, in fairness, we should a suitable site. When they finally got troops such as are contemplated at Camp consider that situation. into it they found that the State un Leonard Wood, but nevertheless a camp There is no question at all that, with doubtedly had been making a mistake for which has been in use by the Government proper engineering, the Army and the years. of the United States for years as a Na Navy would both prefer to submit all Mr. CLARK of Missouri. The Federal tional Guard camp, being left absolutely this construction to competitive bidding. Government has been spending money idle and not used at all. That is the best way to have the work on every one of the National Guard Mr. President, so far as I know, th~ done. But as they had to proceed, camps. They have been subject to Fed only measure that Congress has taken to since time was the most pressing con eral supervision and Federal appropria protect itself in this respect is through sideration, they kept the engineers mere tions. I could give the Senator offhand the appointment of the committee which ly far enough ahead of the work so approximately the investment in . the ·has recently been constituted under the that the men could be kept employed. State of Missouri. The State of Mis chairmanship of my colleague [Mr. 'I'hat is a very extravagant way of do souri has an investment of about $1,000,.; TRUMAN] for the investigation of these ing business. We propose to have the 000, and the Federal Government an in~ matters; but the investigation will nec engineering done first. Because it has vestment of about $3,000,000, in the Na essarily be more or less slow, although I caused excitement all over the United tional Guard camps. ·hope the committee will move with every States, if in the future the Army is to . Mr. HAYDEN. In a camp large possible bit of expedition. be expanded· beyond the number of ~no ugh to accommodate how many men? In the meantime, in making these ap men we have now provided for, of course, Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I am not propriations, · it seems to me the Com that will -mean that there must be ad tal~ng about that matter. I am talking ·mittees on Appropriations of the House ditional cantonments, and the corps area about the camp_sites being thoroughly in and the Senate, and the House and the commanders have been instructed to spected by the Federal Government. In Senate themselves, could not scrutinize visit various likely sites for the location of the case of the camp referred to more too carefully these tremendous expendi such cantonments. Federal money has been invested than tures, which may involve a waste of the State money. So the Corps of Engineers The moment a group of officers go of the Army cannot say that they as people's money and which may eventuate to a town and ask, "If we brought a in one of the greatest scandals thir: coun sumed something to be true without division here, could you provide facilities knowing it, since they had to be familiar try has ever seen. necessary for supplying water and light, Mr. HAYDEN. Mr. President, I am with these National Guard camps. disposing of sewage, and such things?" Mr. HAYDEN. I venture to say that, glad the Senator from Missouri men the town immediately thinks that next tioned the fact that the committee has upon investigation, the Senator will find week the Army will build a cantonment that the camp in the State of Missouri to been appointed, of which his colleague is there, just as they did during the last the head, to look into these expenditures. which he refers will not accommodate a war. The cantonment may never be division of troops . . I am sure they will be well scrutinized. built, and if it is built, the Army pro In fairness to the Army, I think it Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I agree with poses to have a set of blueprints and a that entirely, and I would not for a mo should be said that it was upon their set of specifications upon which a con suggestion that the House placed in this ment suggest sending a division of troops tract could be let for the entire job after there. I merely referred to the expendi bill the $15,000,000 for engineering serv competitive ·bidding. That is the only ices in connection with future construc tures in relation to that camp, because I way they can do this work. happen to know that there is much more tion. They frankly admit that if they I hope that communities in the United Federal money invested in it than State had had the time, at least $100,000,000 States, where these improvements are money, and the Army is thoroughly fa could have been saved. planned, will not take it for granted miliar with the camp site, as it is with All they had to go on, they tell us, was that because the Army is acquiring a every other National Guard camp site. the experience in the last World War. site, proposing to go about it in a busi Mr. HAYDEN. Would not the Senator At that time we built cantonments in a nesslike way, it necessarily means a can agree that troops should be trained by great hurry, and very cheaply, with the tonment will be located there, because divisions? idea that the men would remain in them they must look at many more sites, Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I am not the briefest possible time. They were which may finally be selected. arguing at all about the location of the merely to receive such preliminary in Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Mr. Presi troops by divisions or even larger units. struction as could be given them in this dent, will the Senator from Colorado in But when the Senator says that the Fed country, then were to be transported dulge me a moment further to answer eral Government later discovered that, in across the Atlantic to finish their train some of the things the Senator from Ari the instance he cited, the State had not ing in France. In other words, the provided an available camp site, and that camps were mere assembly points. zona has said? Mr. ADAMS. Certainly. the Government adopted that camp site The picture we have today is entirely "sight unseen," I am certain his infor different. Now it is not a matter of Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I find on mation is not accurate. assembling men to send them abroad; page 34 of the hearings-- Colonel Somervell stated in the justi it is a matter of assembling men in the Mr. ADAMS. Does the Senator refer fication regarding this Indiantown Gap United States for 1 year's training. To to the House hearings? Reservation: do that and care for them, not for a Mr. CLARK of Missouri. Yes. On Suitable sites for the construction of build few weeks or a few months, but for a page 34 of the House hearings appears ings were not available. An 18-foot cut in full year, the authorities have had to a statement by Colonel Somervell-using some places and corresponding fill in others have a much more · elaborate plant to one example of the difference in cost was necessary. Sites selected for parking begin with. That mean~ more streets, relative to the Indiantown Gap Military areas had to be leveled likewise. more permanent buildings, things that Reservation, in Pennsylvania, which in It was necessary to relocate a high-tension are to be used not only to train one dicates very clearly a shocking state of electric line which went right over one of the group of men for 1 year, but the second inefficiency in the location of this camp, best available building . areas. year there will be another group, and so and failure to take into consideration I do not question . the necessity of on along, under the plan, until we have some of the elements. that, but I do not see why the Army 2128 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE MARCH 10 engil)eers could not have known it before it I did not know that it was an old Na to call attention to the committee which they recommended the original site. tional Guard camp. But I have been has just been appointed under the chair The digging of pole holes has proved ex familiar with old National Guard camps, manship of my colleague the Senato.r pensive because of the underlying shale and the War Department is familiar with from Missouri [Mr. TRUMAN], and I ask formation. every one of them. There seems to me every Senator to support it in its en to have been inexcusable negligence in deavor to bring about a solution of this It seems to me the engineers would connection with this matter. question as soon as can be while the work have known that when they made their Mr. HAYDEN. Mr. President, to each is going on. original estimate. corps commander was assigned the de Mr. ADAMS. Mr. President, I desire In addition to original estimate it was termination of where the cantonments to submit an amendment. necessary to provide gas- and oil-storage should be located within his area. If The PRESIDING OFFICER. The equipment. he was a good corps area commander and amendment will be read for the infor Mr. President, that certainly was a he happened to have good engineers with mation of the Senate. matter which must have been in con him he did a good job. On the other The CHIEF CLERK. On page 23, after templation when the camp was selected hand, if the corps area commander did line 19, it is proposed to insert the fol and when · the original estimate was not understand the situation and did lowing: made. not have good advice the job was not so SEc. 3. No part of any appropriation con In addition to the original estimate 36 good. The situation varies according to tained in this act shall be used to pay the buildings were required; 219 barrack the talent applied to the job. In the salary or wages of any person who advocates, buildings authorized without lavatory facil case in Pennsylvania the officers freely or who is a member of an organization that ities were later provided with such facil confessed to us that they simply assumed advocates, the overthrow of the Government ities. There were 187 buildings that ha.d to the camp would not for · many years of the United States by force or violence: be modified to meet requirements, which Provided, That for the purposes hereof an work was not included in the original plan. have been used by the State of Pennsyl affidavit shall be considered prima facie evi The cost of lumber increased approximately vania, which has almost a division of dence that the person making the affidavit 50 percent. troops, unless it was in good condition. does not advocate, and is not a member of an It was not necessary to line buildings ·organization that advocates, the overthrow What I am really driving at is as to for the use of the Pennsylvania Guard of the Government of the United States by what steps are now to be taken by Con if they were there only 2 or 3 weeks force or violence: Provided further, That any gress to prevent such increases as that. person who advocates, or who is a member of in the summertime. A very different an organization that advocates, the over No allowance had been made for the situation prevails when men must be throw of the Government of the United normal waste of lumber in building work. placed in a camp for a whole year than States by force or violence and accepts em It seems to me the Army engineers when it is utilized for National Guard ployment the salary or wages for which are are certainly familiar with the fact that units only in the summer time. That is paid from any appropriation contained in there is some normal waste of lumber in all freely confessed, and the cure for it this act shall be guilty of a felony and, upon building work. all is to make proper engineering in conviction, shall be fined not more than vestigations in advance, so that there will $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than 1 year, The cost of labor for building con or both: Provided further, That the above struction was affected by the high ~peed not have to be let cost.-plus-fixed-fee penal clause shall be in addition to, and not of operations, and a large labor turn contracts, but competitive bidding, and in substitution for, any other provisions of over during the early days of operations that is what the committee proposes to existing law. was experienced. The estimate was see is aone. . The PRESIDING OFFICER. With based on a 40-hour week. Actualiy the Mr. CLARK of Missouri. I agree out objection, the amendment is agreed working time required to complete the thoroughly with what the Senator from to. camp in time to meet desired troop-ar Arizona now says, and that is precisely Mr. ADAMS. Mr. President, I wish to rival schedules was 54 hours per week or what I have been saying, that the abro say a word about the amendment which 30.5 percent overtime in hours for the gation of the system of competitive bid has just been agreed to. In the discus crafts involved and 52.5 percent increase ding as an emergency measure has not sion of the lease-lend bill considerable proved greatly to have hastened the ef in the normal 40-hour weekly wage. time was1 taken upon this subject. This That seems to suggest that an addi fective construction of these camps, and is what we know in the Appropriations tional shift should have been put on. at the same time has resulted in an Committee as the Overton amendment, enormous waste of public money. Painting was not included in the original which was mentioned, and which, it was estimate. With regard to what the Senator from stated on the :floor, was to be added to Arizona says about the corps commander the appropriation bill. This amend The Army engineers, when they made selecting the sites, I understand that is ment has been offered in accordance the original estimates, were certainly now the practice, but I call the Senator's with that understanding. conversant with the fact that painting attention to the fact that on page 31 of Mr. ADAMS. I also submit an amend of the buildings was required to keep the House hearings, Mr. JoHNSON of West ment to change a section number, which them from rapid deterioration, but they Virginia asked Colonel Somervell- I ask to have stated. did not take the trouble in making their I would like to know who selects these The PRESIDING OFFICER. The original estimates to include painting. camp sites? amendment will be stated. 2. Special buildings: Added to the original Colonel Somervell replied: The CHIEF CLERK. On page 23, line 20, estimate for special buildings were 50 build it is proposed to change the section num ings for the One Hundred and Fourth Cav The camps are selected by the General alry and One Hundred and Third Obser Staff. ber from 3 to 4. vation Squadron; 1 guest house; an addi Mr. JoHNSON of West Virginia. Do they The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tional administration building; 2 additional inspect them before they select them? question is on agreeing to the amendment. dental clinics; a recreation building, a post Colonel SOMERVELL. Yes, sir. The amendment was agreed to. quartermaster building, and a post finance The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill building. There was an increase of $6,000 It seems to me the responsibility is is open to further amendment. If there in the cost of the theater for a modified fundamentally in the General Staff, but be no further amendment to be offered, stage. The cost of the laundry was in it does not make any difference in my creased from $200,000 to $500,000, as a larger the question is on the engrossment of the unit was found to be necessary. The size mind whether the General Staff selects amendments and the third reading of the of the cold-storage plant was doubled, in the sites or whether the corps area com bill. creasing the cost from $114,000 to $228,000. mander selects them. The corps area The amendments were ordered to be en 3. Miscellaneous: Lining of certain build commander is, of course, a higher rank grossed, and the bill to be read a third ings not previously considered. Due to ing officer than most of the officers on time. weather conditions (winter) concrete that the General Staff. They are all supposed The bill (H. R. 3617) was read the third ordinary could be procured at $6.50 per cubic to be competent soldiers. I know that in time, and passed. yard cost $10 per cubic yard. our corps area we have a very excellent Mr. ADAMS. Mr. President, I move So it runs clear through the report. and competent corps area commander. that the Senate insist on its amendments, I cam not familiar with the facts about But it is the whole system against which ask for a conference with the House of that camp. Until the Senator suggested I have been inveighing. I desire again Representatives thereon, and that the 1941 'CONGRESSIONAI.; RECORD-SENATE 2129 conferees on the part of the Senate be is for the purpose of enabling him, in under any other guise: but I cannot appointed by the Chair. case of an emergency in connection with· conceive of its being called a defense The motion was agreed to; and the the national-defense ·program, to use . project, and I do not think the Senator Presiding Officer appointed Mr. ADAMS, funds for the purpose of carrying out from Michigan can. Mr. GLASS, Mr. McKELLAR, Mr. HAYDEN, that program. Mr. VANDENBERG. The Senator can Mr. BYRNES, Mr. NYE, and Mr. LODGE con As the Senator knows, for the current be sure of that. ferees on the part of the Senate. year there were appropriations and con Mr. BYRNES. I do not think there is INDEPENDENT OFFICES APPROPRIATIONS tract authorizations of $200,000,000; of any danger of this fund being used for that amount $36,000,000 is left at. this that purpose. If the Senator has the ad Mr. BYRNES. Mr. President, I move time. The $100,000,000 is to be used for vantage of the House hearings, he will that the Senate proceed to the considera the same purpose. The statement to the see the character of purposes for which tion of House bill 2788, making appro committee was, as I stated in connection the fund has been spent. Among other· priations for the Executive Office and with the previous bill, that whenever purposes set forth are a $15,000,000 cash· sundry independent executive bureaus, funds have been advanced to an ·agency, appropriation for development of bases. boards, commissions, and offices, for the and that agency should, while the Con in the Western Hemisphere and a $35,- :fiscal year ending June 30, 1942, and for gress is in session, hereafter want addi 000,000 contract authorization. other purposes. tional funds, it would have to go to the At one time, in the beginning of can The motion was agreed to; and the Congress in the regular way, This tonment construction, when funds were Senate proceeded to consider the bill
Senate March 10
