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Candidature UNESCO World Heritage | Rhaetian Railway in the Albula/Bernina Cultural Landscape |
Thusis Piz Beverin Alp da Stierva Piz Ela St.Moritz Stazerwald Bernina 0 1 2 3 4 5 km ) #() &,#() !&,#( ! &, ! GRAUBÜNDEN Thusis (CH) St. Moritz (CH) Tirano (I) ) #( &, ! 2. Description > 2.a Description of Property > 2.a.8 Flora and fauna 187 Flora and fauna Altitude levels 3,000 – 4,000 m Nationalpark 2,400 – 3,000 m 1,600 – 2,400 m 1,000 – 1,600 m 400 – 1,000 m Moor landscapes of outstanding beauty and national importance Federal no-hunting zones Albris Berninapass Campasc Plan da Franzesch Core zone Core zone with railway and cultural landscape Buffer zone Buffer zone in the near area Horizon line Other contents Other stretches of the Rhaetian Railway Sources: Basic map: PK 200’000 swisstopo, Wabern Geo-data: Amt für Raumentwicklung Graubünden Thematic data: RIP 2000 Tirano Design: Süsskind, SGD, Chur Reproduziert mit Bewilligung von swisstopo (BM062220) 188 Candidature UNESCO World Heritage | Rhaetian Railway in the Albula/Bernina Cultural Landscape | www.rhb-unesco.ch 2.a.8 Flora and fauna either side of the Alps The profi le of the fl ora and fauna along the railway line from Thusis to Tirano is unique. Besides the close-to-nature cultural landscape that has been formed and infl uenced by man over thou- sands of years, the railway also runs through intact natural landscapes. It was even the scene of a pioneer achievement in the conservation of endangered species with the re-introduction of the ibex – enthusiastically supported by the Rhaetian Railway. The Albula/Bernina line of the Rhaetian Rail- a limit that is only rarely exceeded in the Alps. -
Why Do We Have So Many Different Hydrological Models?
Why do we have so many different hydrological models? A review based on the case of Switzerland Pascal Horton*1, Bettina Schaefli1, and Martina Kauzlaric1 1Institute of Geography & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ([email protected]) This is a preprint of a manuscript submitted to WIREs Water. 1 Abstract Hydrology plays a central role in applied as well as fundamental environmental sciences, but it is well known to suffer from an overwhelming diversity of models, in particular to simulate streamflow. Based on Switzerland's example, we discuss here in detail how such diversity did arise even at the scale of such a small country. The case study's relevance stems from the fact that Switzerland shows a relatively high density of academic and research institutes active in the field of hydrology, which led to an evolution of hydrological models that stands exemplarily for the diversification that arose at a larger scale. Our analysis summarizes the main driving forces behind this evolution, discusses drawbacks and advantages of model diversity and depicts possible future evolutions. Although convenience seems to be the main driver so far, we see potential change in the future with the advent of facilitated collaboration through open sourcing and code sharing platforms. We anticipate that this review, in particular, helps researchers from other fields to understand better why hydrologists have so many different models. 1 Introduction Hydrological models are essential tools for hydrologists, be it for operational flood forecasting, water resource management or the assessment of land use and climate change impacts. -
Graubünden for Mountain Enthusiasts
Graubünden for mountain enthusiasts The Alpine Summer Switzerland’s No. 1 holiday destination. Welcome, Allegra, Benvenuti to Graubünden © Andrea Badrutt “Lake Flix”, above Savognin 2 Welcome, Allegra, Benvenuti to Graubünden 1000 peaks, 150 valleys and 615 lakes. Graubünden is a place where anyone can enjoy a summer holiday in pure and undisturbed harmony – “padschiifik” is the Romansh word we Bündner locals use – it means “peaceful”. Hiking access is made easy with a free cable car. Long distance bikers can take advantage of luggage transport facilities. Language lovers can enjoy the beautiful Romansh heard in the announcements on the Rhaetian Railway. With a total of 7,106 square kilometres, Graubünden is the biggest alpine playground in the world. Welcome, Allegra, Benvenuti to Graubünden. CCNR· 261110 3 With hiking and walking for all grades Hikers near the SAC lodge Tuoi © Andrea Badrutt 4 With hiking and walking for all grades www.graubunden.com/hiking 5 Heidi and Peter in Maienfeld, © Gaudenz Danuser Bündner Herrschaft 6 Heidi’s home www.graubunden.com 7 Bikers nears Brigels 8 Exhilarating mountain bike trails www.graubunden.com/biking 9 Host to the whole world © peterdonatsch.ch Cattle in the Prättigau. 10 Host to the whole world More about tradition in Graubünden www.graubunden.com/tradition 11 Rhaetian Railway on the Bernina Pass © Andrea Badrutt 12 Nature showcase www.graubunden.com/train-travel 13 Recommended for all ages © Engadin Scuol Tourismus www.graubunden.com/family 14 Scuol – a typical village of the Engadin 15 Graubünden Tourism Alexanderstrasse 24 CH-7001 Chur Tel. +41 (0)81 254 24 24 [email protected] www.graubunden.com Gross Furgga Discover Graubünden by train and bus. -
UNESCO World Heritage Properties in Switzerland February 2021
UNESCO World Heritage properties in Switzerland February 2021 www.whes.ch Welcome Dear journalists, Thank you for taking an interest in Switzerland’s World Heritage proper- ties. Indeed, these natural and cultural assets have plenty to offer: en- chanting cityscapes, unique landscapes, historic legacies and hidden treasures. Much of this heritage was left to us by our ancestors, but nature has also played its part in making the World Heritage properties an endless source of amazement. There are three natural and nine cultur- al assets in total – and as unique as each site is, they all have one thing in common: the universal value that we share with the global community. “World Heritage Experience Switzerland” (WHES) is the umbrella organisation for the tourist network of UNESCO World Heritage properties in Switzerland. We see ourselves as a driving force for a more profound and responsible form of tourism based on respect and appreciation. In this respect we aim to create added value: for visitors in the form of sustainable experiences and for the World Heritage properties in terms of their preservation and appreciation by future generations. The enclosed documentation will offer you the broadest possible insight into the diversity and unique- ness of UNESCO World Heritage. If you have any questions or suggestions, you can contact us at any time. Best regards Kaspar Schürch Managing Director WHES [email protected] Tel. +41 (0)31 544 31 17 More information: www.whes.ch Page 2 Table of contents World Heritage in Switzerland 4 Overview -
A Hydrographic Approach to the Alps
• • 330 A HYDROGRAPHIC APPROACH TO THE ALPS A HYDROGRAPHIC APPROACH TO THE ALPS • • • PART III BY E. CODDINGTON SUB-SYSTEMS OF (ADRIATIC .W. NORTH SEA] BASIC SYSTEM ' • HIS is the only Basic System whose watershed does not penetrate beyond the Alps, so it is immaterial whether it be traced·from W. to E. as [Adriatic .w. North Sea], or from E. toW. as [North Sea . w. Adriatic]. The Basic Watershed, which also answers to the title [Po ~ w. Rhine], is short arid for purposes of practical convenience scarcely requires subdivision, but the distinction between the Aar basin (actually Reuss, and Limmat) and that of the Rhine itself, is of too great significance to be overlooked, to say nothing of the magnitude and importance of the Major Branch System involved. This gives two Basic Sections of very unequal dimensions, but the ., Alps being of natural origin cannot be expected to fall into more or less equal com partments. Two rather less unbalanced sections could be obtained by differentiating Ticino.- and Adda-drainage on the Po-side, but this would exhibit both hydrographic and Alpine inferiority. (1) BASIC SECTION SYSTEM (Po .W. AAR]. This System happens to be synonymous with (Po .w. Reuss] and with [Ticino .w. Reuss]. · The Watershed From .Wyttenwasserstock (E) the Basic Watershed runs generally E.N.E. to the Hiihnerstock, Passo Cavanna, Pizzo Luceridro, St. Gotthard Pass, and Pizzo Centrale; thence S.E. to the Giubing and Unteralp Pass, and finally E.N.E., to end in the otherwise not very notable Piz Alv .1 Offshoot in the Po ( Ticino) basin A spur runs W.S.W. -
Theme Documentation Cross-Country Skiing, Ice Sports, Fun in the Snow Winter 2010/11
Theme documentation Cross-country skiing, ice sports, fun in the snow Winter 2010/11 Engadin St. Moritz Via San Gian 30, CH-7500 St. Moritz T +41 81 830 08 12, F +41 81 830 08 18 [email protected], www.engadin.stmoritz.ch 2/14 Contents 1 Engadin St. Moritz – swinging into action ..................................................................................... 3 2 Cross-country skiing ..................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Trails: on the right track ........................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Practical: pins, passes and pizoccheri .................................................................................. 5 2.3 Events: marathon, multitudes & more ................................................................................... 6 2.4 Special offers: courses and package arrangements ............................................................ 7 3 Winter activities ............................................................................................................................. 8 3.1 Hiking & Nordic Walking – trekking silently through Paradise .............................................. 8 3.2 Adrenaline in the ice and snow ............................................................................................. 9 3.3 Sporting fun on runners and blades .................................................................................... 11 3.4 Sled rides: tradition meets -
Graubündenpop 193,920 / AREA 7106 SQ KM / LANGUAGES GERMAN, ROMANSCH, ITALIAN
File20-graubunden-loc-swi7.dwg Book Initial Mapping Date Road Switzerland 7 Peter 21/11/11 Scale All key roads labelled?Hierarchy Hydro ChapterGraubunden Editor Cxns Date Title Spot colours removed?Hierarchy Symbols Author MC Cxns Date Nthpt Masking in Illustrator done? Kerry Christiani Book Off map Inset/enlargement correct?dest'ns BorderCountry LocatorKey A1None Author Cxns Date Notes Basefile08-geneva-loc-swi6.dwgFinal Ed Cxns Date KEY FORMAT SETTINGS New References09-geneva-loc-swi7.dwg Number of Rows (Lines) Editor Check Date MC Check Date Column Widths and Margins MC/CC Signoff Date ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd GraubündenPOP 193,920 / AREA 7106 SQ KM / LANGUAGES GERMAN, ROMANSCH, ITALIAN Includes ¨ Why Go? Chur . 267 Ask locals what it is that makes their canton special and Lenzerheide they’ll wax lyrical about how, well, wild it is. In a country & Valbella . .. 272 blessed with supermodel looks, Graubünden is all about Arosa . 274 raw natural beauty. Whether it’s wind-battered plateaux in Surselva Region . 276 Engadine where clouds roll over big-shouldered mountains, the Rhine gouging out knife-edge ravines near Flims, or the Flims, Laax & Falera . 276 brooding Alpine grandeur of the Swiss National Park, this Valsertal . 277 wonderfully remote region begs outdoor escapades. Bündner Herrschaft . 279 While you’ve probably heard about Davos’ sensational Maienfeld . 280 downhill skiing, St Moritz’s glamour and the tales of Heidi Klosters & Davos . 281 (fictionally born here), vast swaths of Graubünden remain little known and ripe for exploring. Strike into the Alps on The Engadine . 286 foot or follow the lonesome passes that corkscrew high into Unterengadin . -
Molecular Epidemiology of Human Pathogens: How to Translate Breakthroughs Into Public Health Practice
Editorial team Editorial advisors Based at the European Centre for Albania: Alban Ylli, Tirana Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Austria: Reinhild Strauss, Vienna 171 83 Stockholm, Sweden Belgium: Koen De Schrijver, Antwerp Telephone number Belgium: Sophie Quoilin, Brussels +46 (0)8 58 60 11 38 or +46 (0)8 58 60 11 36 Bosnia and Herzogovina: Nina Rodić Vukmir, Banja Luka Fax number Bulgaria: Mira Kojouharova, Sofia +46 (0)8 58 60 12 94 Croatia: TBC, Zagreb Cyprus: Chrystalla Hadjianastassiou, Nicosia E-mail Czech Republic: Bohumir Križ, Prague [email protected] Denmark: Peter Henrik Andersen, Copenhagen Editor-in-chief England and Wales: TBC, London Ines Steffens Estonia: Kuulo Kutsar, Tallinn Finland: Outi Lyytikäinen, Helsinki Scientific editors France: Judith Benrekassa, Paris Kathrin Hagmaier Germany: Jamela Seedat, Berlin Williamina Wilson Greece: Rengina Vorou, Athens Karen Wilson Hungary: Ágnes Csohán, Budapest Assistant editors Iceland: Haraldur Briem, Reykjavik Alina Buzdugan Ireland: Lelia Thornton, Dublin Ingela Söderlund Italy: Paola De Castro, Rome Associate editors Kosovo (under UNSCR 1244/99): Lul Raka, Pristina Andrea Ammon, Stockholm, Sweden Latvia: Jurijs Perevoščikovs, Riga Tommi Asikainen, Frankfurt, Germany Lithuania: Milda Zygutiene, Vilnius Mike Catchpole, London, United Kingdom Luxembourg: Thérèse Staub, Luxembourg Denis Coulombier, Stockholm, Sweden The FYR of Macedonia: Elisaveta Stikova, Skopje Christian Drosten, Bonn, Germany Malta: Tanya Melillo Fenech, Valletta Karl Ekdahl, Stockholm, Sweden -
SWITZERLAND & AUSTRIA SWISS RAIL JOURNEYS Destinations
SWITZERLAND & AUSTRIA SWISS RAIL JOURNEYS DESTINATIONS A rail journeyTrack is a great way to admire Switzerland’s beauty, says Aby Dunsby @AbraDunsby t almost every turn, “We have found an increasing that continue to make it onto by public transport, plus entry Switzerland is blessed with demand for worldwide touring starthe world’s best rail journeys, to nearly 500 museums. Prices A something incredibly pretty holidays that include a rail travelling by train in Switzerland start from as little as £29 for to look at, whether it’s mirror- journey because customers can is nothing like your average three consecutive days’ travel, like lakes, sparkling, snowy experience and see far more of commute. Clients can expect with passes available through mountains or quaint, chocolate- a country or region from a train,” typical Swiss efficiency and high Switzerland Tourism. box towns. say Keesia Samuels, Cosmos standards on board, making Clients needn’t be put off by When the view is this good, Tours & Cruises’ product and rail travel a straightforward and the thought of spending their clients will want plenty of commercial manager. “Of course, pleasant option that’s appealing entire holiday on the train, either: opportunities to soak it all in, Switzerland, with its breath- for groups as well as single various operators, including and a rail journey offers a taking and spectacular lakeland travellers. Leger Holidays and Kuoni, offer charming and unique way to and mountain landscapes, It’s also a relatively cheap way rail journeys as part of a broader appreciate the alpine scenery or particularly lends itself to a of getting around, thanks to the holiday, with accommodation travel through the country’s very scenic rail journey.” Swiss Travel Pass, which offers at numerous stop-offs along different regions. -
Kandidatur UNESCO-Welterbe | Rhätische Bahn in Der Kulturlandschaft Albula/Bernina |
Rothenbrunnen Cazis Scharans Obervaz Thusis Sils i.D. Alvaneu Filisur Tiefencastel Bergün Bever St. Moritz 0 1 2 3 4 5 km ) #() &,#() !&,#( ! &, ! GRAUBÜNDEN Thusis (CH) St. Moritz (CH) Tirano (I) ) #( &, ! 2. Beschreibung des Gutes > 2.b Geschichte und Entwicklung > 2.b.1 Archäologie 199 Archäologie entlang der Albula- und Berninastrecke Archäologische Fundstellen Erzlagerstätten Heilquellen Madulain Bever Pontresina Kernzone Kernzone mit Bahn und Kulturlandschaft Pufferzone Pufferzone im Nahbereich Poschiavo Pufferzone im Fernbereich Horizontlinie Übrige Inhalte Andere Strecken der Rhätischen Bahn Quellen: Basiskarte: PK 200’000 swisstopo, Wabern Geodaten: Amt für Raumentwicklung Graubünden Thematische Angaben: Mathias Seifert Tirano Grafi k: Süsskind, SGD, Chur Reproduziert mit Bewilligung von swisstopo (BM062220) 200 Kandidatur UNESCO-Welterbe | Rhätische Bahn in der Kulturlandschaft Albula/Bernina | www.rhb-unesco.ch 2.b Geschichte und Entwicklung 2.b.1 Archäologie entlang der Albula- und Berninastrecke In der Kulturlandschaft Albula/Bernina reichen die archäologischen Zeugnisse bis in die Jungsteinzeit zurück. Dank den Passverbindungen und den Erzvorkommen behielten die- se Gebirgstäler ihre Bedeutung als Siedlungsgebiete über die Bronze-, Eisenzeit und die rö- mische Epoche bis an die Schwelle zum Mittelalter. Trotz der kulturellen Verbindungen mit dem Norden und dem Süden zeigt sich die regionale Eigenständigkeit als Folge der Abge- schiedenheit für alle Abschnitte der Ur- und Frühgeschichte in ausgeprägter Form. Der Bündner Alpenraum ist nach dem Ende der deutschen Raum, und von Süden, aus dem letzten Eiszeit vor etwa 19’000 Jahren durch oberitalienischen Gebiet, den Wildtieren in den Rückzug der Gletscher und die erosive die von einer kargen Vegetation bedeckten Wirkung der sich daraus ergiessenden Flüsse Gebirgstäler. Das Domleschg und das Puschlav zur heutigen Landschaft modelliert worden. -
Geschiebetransportmodell Rhone
Morphology and Floods in the Alpine Region Benno Zarn, Hunziker, Zarn & Partner AG, CH-Domat/Ems KHR, From the Source to mouth, a sediment budget of the Rhine River 25-26 March 2015, Lyon France Content 1. Catchment 2. Hydrology 3. River Training - Morphology 4. Bed load transport Alpenrhein 26.03.15 1 1. Catchment drainage area: 6’119 km2 DE average altitude: 1’800 a.s.l. Bodensee glaciation: < 1.4% AT 100-year flood: 3’100 m3/s Ill bed load: 35’000 – 60’000 m3/y CH LI suspended load: 3 Mio. m3/y Landquart Vorderrhein Plessur Hinterrhein Lai da Toma IT Alpenrhein 26.03.15 2 Catchment Geology schist Alpenrhein 26.03.15 3 Catchment DE AT Val Parghera CH LI Val Pargehra IT schist Alpenrhein 26.03.15 4 Catchment tributaries moraine, sediment source Plessur Alpenrhein narrowing Hinterrhein (Domleschg) about 200 years ago 26.03.15 5 Catchment AT 1927 flood – torrent control e.g. Schraubach CH LI Rutschung Schuders um 1950, IT 15 – 20 Mio. m3 Dammbruch Buchs / Schaan 1927 950 [ m a.s.] 900 2003 850 1896 800 750 [m] Alpenrhein 6000 5000 4000 3000 26.03.15 6 river training - morphology Schraubach 2. Hydrology 1999, 2005 Nord, 1910 main divide Süd, 1987 1834, 1868, 1927, 1954, (2002) Alpenrhein 26.03.15 7 hydrology large floods in the past catastrophic floods extrem large floods very large floods large floods 4 3 2 1 0 1200 1220 1240 1260 1280 1300 1320 1340 1360 1380 1400 1420 1440 1460 1480 1500 1520 1540 1560 1580 1600 4 1927 1987 3 2 1 0 1600 1620 1640 1660 1680 1700 1720 1740 1760 1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 Alpenrhein 26.03.15 8 hydrology 1927- and 1987 floods Alpenrhein Rhine gorge – ruin aulta (Vorderrhein) 26.03.15 9 hydrology hydro power – storage basin storage volume [106 m3] 800 Ragall Kops Kops 1967 600 Spullersee 1965 Spullersee Panix 1992 Panix Feldkirch Spullersee 400 1976 Gigerwald Buchs Lünersee 1959 Lünersee St. -
Published Version
DISS. ETH Nr. 27188 Detection of aquatic wildlife pathogens from eDNA in water samples Validation and Application in Switzerland A thesis submitted to attain the degree of DOCTOR OF SCIENCES of ETH ZURICH (Dr. sc. ETH Zürich) presented by NATALIE MARIETTA SIEBER Master of Science ETH in Environmental Sciences born on 15.03.1991 citizen of Zurich, Switzerland accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Christoph Vorburger Dr. Hanna Hartikainen Dr. Armin Zenker Prof. Dr. Jukka Jokela Dr. Trude Vrålstad 2020 Table of Contents Summary 3 Zusammenfassung 5 General Introduction 7 Chapter 1 35 Validation of an eDNA-based method for the detection of wildlife pathogens in water Chapter 2 77 Parasite DNA detection in water samples enhances crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci) monitoring in asymptomatic carrier populations Chapter 3 111 A survey of multiple aquatic wildlife pathogens of concern in Switzerland using an eDNA-based method for detection in water Chapter 4 159 Synthesis: remaining challenges and opportunities Acknowledgements 175 2 Summary Emergent diseases are contributing to the decline of various freshwater species already facing multiple threats of anthropogenic origin, such as habitat degradation, climate change and species introductions. One of the most ecologically important diseases is the crayfish plague, caused by the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, responsible for widespread population collapses of native European freshwater crayfish species. The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is another highly problematic pathogen and major contributor of amphibian declines worldwide, its spread being promoted by animal trade. Saprolegnia parasitica, closely related to A. astaci and causal agent of Saprolegniosis, widely occurs in freshwater habitats and can cause high mortality outbreaks in fish.