UNESCO World Heritage properties in Switzerland February 2021 www.whes.ch Welcome Dear journalists, Thank you for taking an interest in Switzerland’s World Heritage proper- ties. Indeed, these natural and cultural assets have plenty to offer: en- chanting cityscapes, unique landscapes, historic legacies and hidden treasures. Much of this heritage was left to us by our ancestors, but nature has also played its part in making the World Heritage properties an endless source of amazement. There are three natural and nine cultur- al assets in total – and as unique as each site is, they all have one thing in common: the universal value that we share with the global community. “World Heritage Experience Switzerland” (WHES) is the umbrella organisation for the tourist network of UNESCO World Heritage properties in Switzerland. We see ourselves as a driving force for a more profound and responsible form of tourism based on respect and appreciation. In this respect we aim to create added value: for visitors in the form of sustainable experiences and for the World Heritage properties in terms of their preservation and appreciation by future generations. The enclosed documentation will offer you the broadest possible insight into the diversity and unique- ness of UNESCO World Heritage. If you have any questions or suggestions, you can contact us at any time. Best regards Kaspar Schürch Managing Director WHES [email protected] Tel. +41 (0)31 544 31 17 More information: www.whes.ch Page 2 Table of contents World Heritage in Switzerland 4 Overview map 5 Description of the World Heritage properties 6 Old City of Berne 6 Benedictine Convent of St John in Müstair 7 Abbey of St.Gall 8 Three Castles, Defensive Wall and Ramparts of the Market-Town of Bellinzona 9 Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch 10 Monte San Giorgio 11 Lavaux, Vineyard Terraces 12 Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes 13 Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona 14 La Chaux-de-Fonds / Le Locle, Watchmaking Town Planning 15 Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps 16 The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier 17 Intangible cultural heritage 18 Processions of the Holy Week of Mendrisio 19 World Heritage Days 20 UNESCO World Heritage Ticket 20 About WHES 21 Images 22 Links 22 Page 3 World Heritage in Switzerland Three outstanding natural phenomena and nine great cultural achievements in Switzerland bear the most sought-after emblem of UNESCO, as Natural and Cultural World Heritage properties. Each of them stands for authenticity, quality and diversity for many generations to come. These values are part of the identity and mentality of the Swiss population. World heritage goes back to a revolutionary idea: As living witnesses to a vibrant history, they de- that the protection and preservation of extraor- mand answers to questions such as: what does dinary cultural achievements and unique natural our heritage encompass? How do we live with this phenomena should be placed in the hands of the heritage, and how do we pass it on to future gen- whole human race. This idea was first put into erations? practice with the rescue of the temples at Abu Simbel. In 1972, it gave rise to the UNESCO Con- The discussion of the World Heritage properties vention Concerning the Protection of the World enhances focus on authenticity, sustainability and Cultural and Natural Heritage. the associated challenges. Conscious travel to these places evokes new and different images More than 1,121 sites in 167 countries (as at Feb- of an outstanding and demanding Switzerland, ruary 2021) are now inscribed on the World Her- which we share with the global community. itage List, including twelve in Switzerland. These twelve World Heritage properties bear witness to the history of the world and humanity. They speak of the emergence and formation of our country. As unique as each site is, they are all related to each other – shaped, inspired and formed by the inter- play of the creative forces of nature and culture. World Heritage properties are places of contem- plation, discovery, amazement, experience, learn- ing and exchange. The great significance of these places and the fascination and admiration that they inspire cast a spell on those who visit them. They banish the everyday and take us on a jour- ney through time. Page 4 Overview map The map below offers an overview of the UNESCO World Heritage properties in Switzerland: Page 5 Description of the World Heritage properties Old City of Berne Cultural Heritage since 1983 A tour through the centuries The city, founded in 1191, is enthroned on a peninsula high above the Aare and still bears witness today to the ambitious scale of urban development in medieval Europe. It is a positive example of how a medieval city structure can be retained and yet adapt- ed to also meet contemporary requirements. With its impressive closed rows of houses, its attractive roof landscape, arcades, cellars, towers and fountains, which have largely retained their original form, the federal capital city invites you to go on a tour through the centuries. World Heritage experiences • UNESCO Old Town Stroll: a 90-minute guided tour through Bern and its history. • Zytglogge (Clock Tower) Tour: Bern’s landmark attracts visitors with its fascinating 16th- century mechanism. • iPod AudioGuide: a personal tour guide in the form of an iPod takes visitors to the most beautiful places in the city. Did you know? • Bern’s colourful street signs, in red, green, yellow, black and white, date back to the time when the city was occupied by Napoleon’s troops. They showed the drunk French soldiers the right way home through the alleys of the Old Town. • Albert Einstein developed his famous theory of relativity in Bern. Page 6 Benedictine Convent of St John in Müstair Cultural Heritage since 1983 The nuns open their doors According to legend, the monastery complex in Val Müstair in the canton of Grisons, was founded in the 8th century by Charlemagne and was never fully destroyed. Well preserved, it still reveals build- ing styles from several eras, and holds art treasures from more than twelve centuries. The wall paintings in the convent church were decisive for its acceptance on the UNESCO World Heritage List. This is one of the largest and best-preserved fresco cycles from the early Middle Ages. The nuns are still active in the convent today in the spirit of “ora et labora” or pray and work. Convent life, cultivation, the museum, research and restoration all merge to form a unique whole. World Heritage experiences • Convent Museum: twelve centuries of monastic, architectural and artistic history. Guided tours available. • Church Tour: explore the world’s largest and best-preserved early medieval fresco cycle. • Chapel of the Holy Cross: a guided tour of the 8th-century chapel. • Guesthouse / Maiensäss: a unique place to spend the night. Did you know? • St John‘s monastery in Müstair has been inhabited by nuns for 1245 years. • If you counted the number of psalms recited in the monastery until now, you would come to the amazing total of 9 804 375. Page 7 Abbey of St.Gall Cultural Heritage since 1983 1400 years of cultural history The foundation stone for the abbey was laid in 612 by the Irish itiner- ant monk Gallus. A good 100 years later, Abbot Otmar revived the monastery and transformed it into an important centre for writ- ing activities and book illumination. The spirit of the Benedictine monks can still be felt in the historically impressive walls today. The Abbey Library of St Gall, also known as the pharmacy of the soul, has what must be one of the most attractive rococo halls in Switzerland. Besides the 170,000 books, it also accommodates one of the most important autochthonous collections of medieval manuscripts in Europe. The Plan of St. Gall, the “Evangelium Long- um” and the oldest conserved German language book, the “Abrogans”, are particularly worthy of note. World Heritage experiences • Abbey Library and Cathedral: a visit to the library, one of the oldest and most beautiful in the world, is a must. It’s also well worth making a detour to the cathedral. • Experience World Cultural Heritage: this 1½-hour guided tour will take your breath away whether you love culture or not. • Gallus Tour / Children’s Gallus Tour: follow in the footsteps of Gallus, the wandering monk. Did you know? • There are 333 explanations about the buildings on the famous St. Gallen monastery plan, which was drawn up around AD 825. • The Alcuin Bible, produced around the year 800 has 840 pages and weighs about 20 kg. Page 8 Three Castles, Defensive Wall and Ramparts of the Market-Town of Bellinzona Cultural Heritage since 2000 Journey through the Middle Ages Once acting as a barrage to the Alps and now a World Heritage property, the three impressive castles of Bellinzona are among the most significant examples of medieval military architecture. They were built by the Dukes of Milan to bar the route southwards to the Swiss. Bellinzona occupied a strategic position between north and south back then too. Over the course of the centu- ries, the three castles of Castelgrande, Montebello and Sasso Corbaro have been reconstructed and restored many times. With its walls, towers, battlements and gates, this impressive defensive complex remains a source of wonder to those who view it today. World Heritage experiences • Museums: each of the three castles houses a museum with fascinating exhibits. • Old City Tour incl. castle visit: a variety of options for individual guided tours. • Artù Tourist Train: a little train that carries visitors to the castles in comfort. Did you know? • The castle of Sasso Corbaro was built in just six months.