Vermka Westerwald-Taunus: Wir Stellen Uns
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The North-Subducting Rheic Ocean During the Devonian: Consequences for the Rhenohercynian Ore Sites
Published in "International Journal of Earth Sciences 106(7): 2279–2296, 2017" which should be cited to refer to this work. The north-subducting Rheic Ocean during the Devonian: consequences for the Rhenohercynian ore sites Jürgen F. von Raumer1 · Heinz-Dieter Nesbor2 · Gérard M. Stampfli3 Abstract Base metal mining in the Rhenohercynian Zone activated Early Devonian growth faults. Hydrothermal brines has a long history. Middle-Upper Devonian to Lower Car- equilibrated with the basement and overlying Middle-Upper boniferous sediment-hosted massive sulfide deposits Devonian detrital deposits forming the SHMS deposits in the (SHMS), volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits (VHMS) southern part of the Pyrite Belt, in the Rhenish Massif and and Lahn-Dill-type iron, and base metal ores occur at sev- in the Harz areas. Volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits eral sites in the Rhenohercynian Zone that stretches from the (VHMS) formed in the more eastern localities of the Rheno- South Portuguese Zone, through the Lizard area, the Rhen- hercynian domain. In contrast, since the Tournaisian period ish Massif and the Harz Mountain to the Moravo-Silesian of ore formation, dominant pull-apart triggered magmatic Zone of SW Bohemia. During Devonian to Early Carbonif- emplacement of acidic rocks, and their metasomatic replace- erous times, the Rhenohercynian Zone is seen as an evolv- ment in the apical zones of felsic domes and sediments in ing rift system developed on subsiding shelf areas of the the northern part of the Iberian Pyrite belt, thus changing the Old Red continent. A reappraisal of the geotectonic setting general conditions of ore precipitation. -
Vom Westerwald Zum Odenwald
IÖ. Dicht] / Wnithnmm, erhalte ihn deinem Revier Vom Westerwald zum Odenwald l" O X (I. B. L E l'ER K t' S Die Stille des Spätsommerabends 1953 liegt über den dun- ein starker Bock mit einem allerdings kiümmerlichen lau- kelgrünen Wäldern des Frankenlandes. Ich sitze an den scherhohen Spießergehörn näher. Schon hatte er den jungen „Waldwiesen“ auf einer hohen Leiter in Erwartung der Sediser eräugt, und mit laut vernehmlichem Keuchen ging Sauen, die hier gern durchwechseln. Da sie aber erst im die Jagd los, quer über die Felder und Hänge hinunter, letzten Dämmerlicht zu Felde ziehen, habe ich Zeit und wieder hinauf durch den Schlag, in den Buschwald hinein Muße, die beiden letzten, der Blattzeit gewidmeten Wochen und wieder ins Feld zurück. Laut fiepend flüchtete der Jüng- im Geiste vorüberziehen zu lassen. ling vor seinem Verfolger her. Nach einiger Zeit kam ein Wieder war ich der Einladung guter Freunde im Westen einzelnes Stück Rehwild im Troll vom Feld zurück. Im Glas und Süden gefolgt. Spät am Abend traf ich, aus dem Siegtal erkannte ich sofort an seinem kräftigen Vorschlag und dem kommend, im W'esterwald ein. Natürlich war ich am ersten dicken Träger den alten Bock. Eilig zog er in den Schlag, Morgen im lieben alten Revier meines Freundes draußen. auf den sich plötzlich ein lichter Nebeldunst legte. Rasch Oben auf der „Alm“ steht eine Kanzel, von der man weit über fiepte ich noch ein-, zweimal. Da verhoffite er, und im Knall die Westerwälder Höhen schauen kann. Dort stieg ich hin- sah ich noch gerade, daß er sich nach hinten überschlug. -
Seite 1 Von 2 Gründung Der Holzmarkt Taunus Westerwald Gmbh Für Den
Gründung der Holzmarkt Taunus Westerwald GmbH für den Verkauf von Holz aus kommunalem Waldbesitz Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren, seither hat der Landesbetrieb Hessen Forst, für unsere Gemeinde das Forstamt in Weilmünster das Holz aus dem Gemeindewald vermarktet. Aus kartellrechtlichen Gründen war der Holzverkauf jedoch neu zu regeln. Die Mehrheit der Kommunen, die vom Forstamt Weilmünster und vom Forstamt Weilburg betreut werden, hat deshalb die gemeinsame Gründung einer Holzvermarktungsgesellschaft angegangen. Nach den Entscheidungen in den Kommunalparlamenten - die Gemeindevertretung unserer Gemeinde hat es am Donnerstag, 13.06.2019 beraten - war es jetzt soweit: Am Freitag, 28.06.2019 wurde in Weilmünster die zu 100 % kommunale „Holzmarkt- Taunus-Westerwald GmbH“ gegründet, der neben der Gemeinde Hünfelden noch Weilmünster, Weilburg, Bad Camberg, Villmar, Runkel, Waldbrunn, Beselich, Elz, Limburg, Elbtal und Leun angehören. In Weilmünster nach der Unterzeichnung des Gesellschaftsvertrages durch die Bürgermeister und die ersten Beigeordneten/ersten Stadträte, mit dabei waren auch Verwaltungsmitarbeiter Seite 1 von 2 Die Gesellschaft hat ihren Betriebssitz in Weilmünster. Das Stammkapital der GmbH verteilt sich auf die Mitgliedskommunen nach den Größen der Betriebsflächen. Zur Gründung der GmbH wurde zunächst Mario Koschel, Bürgermeister von Weilmünster als Geschäftsführer benannt; er wird später durch einen hauptamtlichen Geschäftsführer abgelöst. Für die Erstellung des Businessplans der GmbH hat das Land Hessen 4.140 EUR bewilligt. Es können auch noch weitere Fördergelder zur Anschubfinanzierung der Gesellschaft beim Land Hessen beantragt werden. Diese Aufgabe wird zentral von der Gemeinde Weilmünster übernommen. Der Gesellschafterversammlung gehören alle Mitgliedskommunen an. Die Ausgaben der Gesellschaft werden durch Umlagezahlungen von den Mitgliedskommunen finanziert; Grundlage dafür sind die Festmeter geernteten und verkauften Holzes. -
Field Significance of Performance Measures in the Context of Regional Climate Model Evaluation
Theor Appl Climatol DOI 10.1007/s00704-017-2100-2 ORIGINAL PAPER Field significance of performance measures in the context of regional climate model evaluation. Part 1: temperature Martin Ivanov1 · Kirsten Warrach-Sagi2 · Volker Wulfmeyer2 Received: 4 July 2016 / Accepted: 13 March 2017 © The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract A new approach for rigorous spatial analysis of Urban areas in concave topography forms have a warm sum- the downscaling performance of regional climate model mer bias due to the strong heat islands, not reflected in the (RCM) simulations is introduced. It is based on a multiple observations. WRF-NOAH generates appropriate fine-scale comparison of the local tests at the grid cells and is also features in the monthly temperature field over regions of known as “field” or “global” significance. New performance complex topography, but over spatially homogeneous areas measures for estimating the added value of downscaled data even small biases can lead to significant deteriorations rel- relative to the large-scale forcing fields are developed. The ative to the driving reanalysis. As the added value of global methodology is exemplarily applied to a standard EURO- climate model (GCM)-driven simulations cannot be smaller CORDEX hindcast simulation with the Weather Research than this perfect-boundary estimate, this work demonstrates and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with the land surface in a rigorous manner the clear additional value of dynamical ◦ modelNOAHat0.11 grid resolution. Monthly tempera- downscaling over global climate simulations. The evalu- ture climatology for the 1990–2009 period is analysed for ation methodology has a broad spectrum of applicability Germany for winter and summer in comparison with high- as it is distribution-free, robust to spatial dependence, and resolution gridded observations from the German Weather accounts for time series structure. -
2.14 Mean Annual Climatic Water Balance
2.14 Mean Annual Climatic Water Balance The climatic water balance (CWB) is defined as the difference between precipitation depth Baltic Sea. The whole lowland regions of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Mecklenburg-Western and the depth of potential evapotranspiration at a given site during a certain time period. Pomerania), Brandenburg, Sachsen-Anhalt (Saxony-Anhalt), and Sachsen (Saxony) have negative summer half-year balances, with average values sometimes drastically below In general climatology, climate classifications are usually based on the weather elements “air - 100 mm. The highest deficits in the summer half-year show values below -300 mm. In sum- temperature” and “precipitation depth”, from which e. g. the description of the aridity of the mers with abundant rainfall, positive half-year balances may be recorded too, what was the climate is derived, the so-called aridity index. However, in the context of water-resources case in about one third of the years in the series 1961–1990. management and hydrology, the climatic water balance is better suitable for the hydroclimatic characterisation of sites, areas or periods, because the (hydro-)climatic conditions are The period with mean negative monthly balances in the inland lowlands lasts from April to described directly by means of the water-balance effective elements “precipitation” or “poten- September/October. The highest monthly balance deficits below -100 mm are recorded in the tial evapotranspiration” in the dimension “mm”. Dependent on whether precipitation depth or months from May to July. Negative monthly balances may occur throughout the year, potential evapotranspiration depth prevails in the considered period, the climatic water provided dry weather prevails. -
Welcome to Burg Kronberg Im Taunus!
Welcome to Burg Kronberg im Taunus! History of Kronberg Castle The history of Kronberg castle and its grounds begins at the end of the 12th century, when the Holy Roman Emperor ordered the knights of Eschborn to build a castle on a rocky outcrop on the southern slopes of the Taunus. The first documentary reference to the knights as the Lords of Kronberg was in 1230. A visitor to this castle complex, which with its 18,000m2 is one of the most extensive in Germany, will get a clear idea of what life used to be like at the castle. It was an economic entity with lords and their underlings and cattle, and stables, barns, a blacksmith and a bakery and a manure heap. The harvest was stored in the attic of the middle castle. At the beginning of the 19th century the economic conditions changed. Castles were now something to admire and visit. They were no longer lived in by the families who had built them. Kronberg castle comprises three castles from three eras: The Romanesque upper castle with its keep is the oldest part of the castle (circa 1170-1200). The lower castle, which has now almost disappeared from view, was built at the start of the 14th century. The middle castle has two buildings at right angles to each other and was built in the 14th and 15th century and marks the transition from a defensive to a residential castle. There have been many alterations, renovations and extensions to the castle over the centuries. However, the ground plan of the castle has remained largely unchanged since the Middle Ages. -
Late Cretaceous to Paleogene Exhumation in Central Europe – Localized Inversion Vs
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2020-183 Preprint. Discussion started: 11 November 2020 c Author(s) 2020. CC BY 4.0 License. Late Cretaceous to Paleogene exhumation in Central Europe – localized inversion vs. large-scale domal uplift Hilmar von Eynatten1, Jonas Kley2, István Dunkl1, Veit-Enno Hoffmann1, Annemarie Simon1 1University of Göttingen, Geoscience Center, Department of Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, 5 Goldschmidtstrasse 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany 2University of Göttingen, Geoscience Center, Department of Structural Geology and Geodynamics, Goldschmidtstrasse 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany Correspondence to: Hilmar von Eynatten ([email protected]) Abstract. Large parts of Central Europe have experienced exhumation in Late Cretaceous to Paleogene time. Previous 10 studies mainly focused on thrusted basement uplifts to unravel magnitude, processes and timing of exhumation. This study provides, for the first time, a comprehensive thermochronological dataset from mostly Permo-Triassic strata exposed adjacent to and between the basement uplifts in central Germany, comprising an area of at least some 250-300 km across. Results of apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He analyses on >100 new samples reveal that (i) km-scale exhumation affected the entire region, (ii) thrusting of basement blocks like the Harz Mountains and the Thuringian Forest focused in the Late 15 Cretaceous (about 90-70 Ma) while superimposed domal uplift of central Germany is slightly younger (about 75-55 Ma), and (iii) large parts of the domal uplift experienced removal of 3 to 4 km of Mesozoic strata. Using spatial extent, magnitude and timing as constraints suggests that thrusting and crustal thickening alone can account for no more than half of the domal uplift. -
Pioneers of Modern Geography: Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Robert C
Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier GreyPlace 1990 Pioneers of Modern Geography: Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Robert C. West Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/grey Part of the Earth Sciences Commons, and the Human Geography Commons Recommended Citation West, Robert C. (1990). Pioneers of Modern Geography: Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. Baton Rouge: Department of Geography & Anthropology, Louisiana State University. Geoscience and Man, Volume 28. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in GreyPlace by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Pioneers of Modern Geography Translations Pertaining to German Geographers of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Translated and Edited by Robert C. West GEOSCIENCE AND MAN-VOLUME 28-1990 LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY s 62 P5213 iiiiiiiii 10438105 DATE DUE GEOSCIENCE AND MAN Volume 28 PIONEERS OF MODERN GEOGRAPHY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 https://archive.org/details/pioneersofmodern28west GEOSCIENCE & MAN SYMPOSIA, MONOGRAPHS, AND COLLECTIONS OF PAPERS IN GEOGRAPHY, ANTHROPOLOGY AND GEOLOGY PUBLISHED BY GEOSCIENCE PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ANTHROPOLOGY LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY VOLUME 28 PIONEERS OF MODERN GEOGRAPHY TRANSLATIONS PERTAINING TO GERMAN GEOGRAPHERS OF THE LATE NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES Translated and Edited by Robert C. West BATON ROUGE 1990 Property of the LfhraTy Wilfrid Laurier University The Geoscience and Man series is published and distributed by Geoscience Publications, Department of Geography & Anthropology, Louisiana State University. -
The Iron-Ore Resources of Europe
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ALBERT B. FALL, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Bulletin 706 THE IRON-ORE RESOURCES OF EUROPE BY MAX ROESLER WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1921 CONTENTS. Page. Preface, by J. B. Umpleby................................................. 9 Introduction.............................................................. 11 Object and scope of report............................................. 11 Limitations of the work............................................... 11 Definitions.........................:................................. 12 Geology of iron-ore deposits............................................ 13 The utilization of iron ores............................................ 15 Acknowledgments...................................................... 16 Summary................................................................ 17 Geographic distribution of iron-ore deposits within the countries of new E urope............................................................. 17 Geologic distribution................................................... 22 Production and consumption.......................................... 25 Comparison of continents.............................................. 29 Spain..................................................................... 31 Distribution, character, and extent of the deposits....................... 31 Cantabrian Cordillera............................................. 31 The Pyrenees.................................................... -
SOLT I German Module 4 Lesson 2 Student Manual
SOLT I German Module 4 Lesson 2 Student Manual Geography Geography German SOLT I Objectives Module 4 Lesson 2 At the end of this lesson you will be able identify the different German states and the countries surrounding Germany. In order to achieve this objective you will: Recognize the German States and Their Locations • Recognize the states’ locations, their capitals, major cities, and regions within the states • Describe their areas and borders • Brief about Germany • Describe the geography of Germany • Talk about the location of military installations in Germany • Identify the national flag of the country Identify Nationalities • Identify languages in the world countries • Identify different ethnic groups • Describe demographic composition 47 Geography German SOLT I Introduction Module 4 Lesson 2 Features of Germany You are planning a short vacation somewhere in Germany and have asked one of your German counterparts to describe some of the various landscapes, since you can’t decide. He gives you a quick description of Germany’s geography. Where will you decide to go? Deutschland hat sechzehn Bundesländer. Die Hauptstadt von Deutschland ist Berlin. In jedem Bundesland gibt es sehr schöne Landschaften. Im Norden ist die Nordsee mit der schönen Insel Sylt. Das Land ist flach. Die Bundesländer dort sind Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg und Bremen. In der Mitte von Deutschland gibt es viele Berge. Besonders schön ist der Teutoburger Wald und der Hunsrück. Weiter südlich gibt es natürlich den berühmten Schwarzwald im Westen und den Bayrischen Wald. Einige Bundesländer dort sind Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen, Hessen und Nordrhein-Westfalen. Im südlichen Teil von Deutschland liegt Bayern. -
OECD Territorial Grids
BETTER POLICIES FOR BETTER LIVES DES POLITIQUES MEILLEURES POUR UNE VIE MEILLEURE OECD Territorial grids August 2021 OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities Contact: [email protected] 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Territorial level classification ...................................................................................................................... 3 Map sources ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Map symbols ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Disclaimers .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Australia / Australie ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Austria / Autriche ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Belgium / Belgique ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Canada ...................................................................................................................................................... -
The Beginnings of Indwstrialization
The Beginningsof Indwstrialization SHEILAGH OGILVIE Germanv and industrialization It may seem curious to speak of industrialization as beginning around 1500. Industrialization is often regarded as synonymous with the rise of mechanized manufacturing in centralized facrories, and this did nor occur even in England until 1760-80, and in Germany not until 1830-50. But machines and factories were only late landmarks - albeit important ones - in a much longer process of industrial growth in Europe, dating back to at least 1500. This long-term industrializationwas basedalmost wholly on decentralized work in producers' own houses, using domestic labour and a simple, slowly changing technology. Yet it was responsible for a gradual expansion in the proportion of the labour-force working in industry and the share of the total output of the economy representedby manufactures. It was also responsiblefor the emergence,between about 1500 and about 'indus- 1800, of what German historianshave called Gewerbelandschaften, trial regions', in which an above-averageproportion of people worked in industry and a substantial share of what they produced was exported beyond the region.l Important as factory industrialization was, many of its seeds were sown long before, during the slow and dispersed industri- alization of many regions of early modern Europe. This early modern industrial growth was part of a wider process of regional specializatioa, which began slowly in the late medieval period, but accelerated decisively during the sixteenth century. During this process many more European regions than ever before began to specializein partic- ular forms of agriculture, as well as particular branchesof industry, produc- ing surpluses for export and importing what they did not produce for themselves.Thus regional self-sufficiency declined, and inter-regional trade grew.