Name ______Per. _____ Date ______DUE The day of Biomolecules Review the test. Complete the following chart:
Characteristic Carbohydrates Lipids Protein Nucleic Acid
Composition Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Amino Acids Nucleotides
Functions Long term energy Build muscle; Main source of quick Stores genetic (What is does for storage; cell reaction catalyst energy information organism) membranes (enzymes)
Simple (sweet) and Fatty tissue, both Not consumed. Where it’s found Muscle tissue (aka. complex (starch) saturated and meats); beans (food, etc.) sugars unsaturated; seeds Has no caloric value.
1. What are the two types of carbohydrates? Where are they found? ______Simple: sugars
(______glucose), tastes sweet; Complex: starc______hes like flour, pasta, potatoes ______
2. Which biomolecule is used for short term energy? ______Carbohydrates ____
3. Which biomolecule is used for long term energy storage? ______Lipids
4. What is the advantage to animals of storing energy in the form of lipids rather than
carbohydrates for long-term energy needs? Lipids______contain more calories per gram______
5. What would be the reason for large amounts of lipids stored in seeds? ______To store energy for
seedling______6. What purpose do proteins serve as a biomolecule? ______Build muscle and catalyze reactions___
7. What purpose do fats (lipids) serve as a biomolecule? ______Long term storage of energy _
8. What purpose do carbohydrates serve as a biomolecule? ______Short term, immediate energy
9. Carbohydrates provide ______energy,Short term but lipids provide ______long term energy.
10. How are DNA and RNA similar in their function for an organism? ______Both store
information______for the organism ______Name ______Per. _____ Date ______
11. What purpose do nucleic acids serve as a biomolecule? ______Stores genetic information
12. Which molecules store and transmit genetic information? ______DNA
13. What biomolecule does an enzyme belong to? ______Proteins ______
14. What is the main purpose of an enzyme? ______Catalyze reactions by lowering activation______
energy. ______
15. Lactose is found in milk products. It is converted by the body into a useable form in a series of chemical reactions. The diagram shows the series of reactions that convert lactose into a
useable form.
If enzyme 2 is denatured, the levels of which substance will increase? ______Galactose
16. Describe what it means for an enzyme to catalyze a reaction: ______Lower the energy required
for ______the reaction to occur ______
______
17. What is activation energy? Why is it important ______Activation energy is defined as ______
the ______energy required to start a reactio______n; less energy means a more efficient______reaction in
less ______time. ______
18. Enzymes are catalysts that end in the suffix ______-ase ______
19. The graph is showing the energy required in a
chemical reaction. Which of these reactions is A the most efficient? ______B Why? B The ______reaction requires less free energy______to
complete ______the reaction. ______
______
______
Name ______Per. _____ Date ______
A A D
B
20. On the image, which letter represents the enzyme? ______B
21. Which letter represents the substrate? ______A
22. What letter represents the product of the reaction? ______D
23. What do the shapes tell you about the way enzymes fit together? ______Only 1 way, lock & key
Use the Food Label above to answer the following questions.
24. What 3 biomolecules can be found on this label? ______Carbohydrates, Lipids (fats), Protein______
______
25. What is the total amount of lipids (fat) per serving ? ______3 grams ___
26. What is the total amount of carbohydrates per service? ______42 grams
27. Would this provide good long term or short term energy? Why? ______Short term (quick), lots
______of sugar ______
28. Does this provide any significant vitamins to your diet? ______No