Name ___________________________________ Per. _____ Date ___________________________ DUE The day of Biomolecules Review the test. Complete the following chart: Characteristic Carbohydrates Lipids Protein Nucleic Acid Composition Monosaccharides Fatty Acids Amino Acids Nucleotides Functions Long term energy Build muscle; Main source of quick Stores genetic (What is does for storage; cell reaction catalyst energy information organism) membranes (enzymes) Simple (sweet) and Fatty tissue, both Not consumed. Where it’s found Muscle tissue (aka. complex (starch) saturated and meats); beans (food, etc.) sugars unsaturated; seeds Has no caloric value. 1. What are the two types of carbohydrates? Where are they found? _______________________Simple: sugars (________________________________glucose), tastes sweet; Complex: starc________________________________hes like flour, pasta, potatoes ________________ 2. Which biomolecule is used for short term energy? ________________________________Carbohydrates ____ 3. Which biomolecule is used for long term energy storage? ______________________________Lipids 4. What is the advantage to animals of storing energy in the form of lipids rather than carbohydrates for long-term energy needs? Lipids________________________________ contain more calories per gram__________ 5. What would be the reason for large amounts of lipids stored in seeds? ___________________To store energy for seedling________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What purpose do proteins serve as a biomolecule? ________________________________Build muscle and catalyze reactions___ 7. What purpose do fats (lipids) serve as a biomolecule? ________________________________Long term storage of energy _ 8. What purpose do carbohydrates serve as a biomolecule? _______________________________Short term, immediate energy 9. Carbohydrates provide _______________energy,Short term but lipids provide _______________ long term energy. 10. How are DNA and RNA similar in their function for an organism? _____________________ Both store information________________________________ for the organism ________________________________________________ Name ___________________________________ Per. _____ Date ___________________________ 11. What purpose do nucleic acids serve as a biomolecule? ________________________________Stores genetic information 12. Which molecules store and transmit genetic information? ______________________________DNA 13. What biomolecule does an enzyme belong to? ________________________________Proteins ________ 14. What is the main purpose of an enzyme? ________________________________Catalyze reactions by lowering activation____________ energy. ________________________________ ________________________________________________ 15. Lactose is found in milk products. It is converted by the body into a useable form in a series of chemical reactions. The diagram shows the series of reactions that convert lactose into a useable form. If enzyme 2 is denatured, the levels of which substance will increase? ___________________Galactose 16. Describe what it means for an enzyme to catalyze a reaction: ___________________________Lower the energy required for ________________________________ the reaction to occur ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________ 17. What is activation energy? Why is it important ________________________________Activation energy is defined as _______ the ________________________________ energy required to start a reactio________________________________n; less energy means a more efficient________________ reaction in less ________________________________ time. ________________________________________________ 18. Enzymes are catalysts that end in the suffix ________________________________-ase __________ 19. The graph is showing the energy required in a chemical reaction. Which of these reactions is A the most efficient? ___________________B Why? B The ________________________________ reaction requires less free energy_________ to complete ________________________________ the reaction. _________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ Name ___________________________________ Per. _____ Date ___________________________ A A D B 20. On the image, which letter represents the enzyme? _______ B 21. Which letter represents the substrate? _______ A 22. What letter represents the product of the reaction? _______ D 23. What do the shapes tell you about the way enzymes fit together? _______________________ Only 1 way, lock & key Use the Food Label above to answer the following questions. 24. What 3 biomolecules can be found on this label? ________________________________Carbohydrates, Lipids (fats), Protein______ ________________________________________________________________ ________________ 25. What is the total amount of lipids (fat) per serving ? ________________________________ 3 grams ___ 26. What is the total amount of carbohydrates per service? ________________________________ 42 grams 27. Would this provide good long term or short term energy? Why? ________________________Short term (quick), lots ________________________________of sugar ________________________________________________ 28. Does this provide any significant vitamins to your diet? ________________________________No .