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Manual for Language Test Development and Examining
Manual for Language Test Development and Examining For use with the CEFR Produced by ALTE on behalf of the Language Policy Division, Council of Europe © Council of Europe, April 2011 The opinions expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe. All correspondence concerning this publication or the reproduction or translation of all or part of the document should be addressed to the Director of Education and Languages of the Council of Europe (Language Policy Division) (F-67075 Strasbourg Cedex or [email protected]). The reproduction of extracts is authorised, except for commercial purposes, on condition that the source is quoted. Manual for Language Test Development and Examining For use with the CEFR Produced by ALTE on behalf of the Language Policy Division, Council of Europe Language Policy Division Council of Europe (Strasbourg) www.coe.int/lang Contents Foreword 5 3.4.2 Piloting, pretesting and trialling 30 Introduction 6 3.4.3 Review of items 31 1 Fundamental considerations 10 3.5 Constructing tests 32 1.1 How to define language proficiency 10 3.6 Key questions 32 1.1.1 Models of language use and competence 10 3.7 Further reading 33 1.1.2 The CEFR model of language use 10 4 Delivering tests 34 1.1.3 Operationalising the model 12 4.1 Aims of delivering tests 34 1.1.4 The Common Reference Levels of the CEFR 12 4.2 The process of delivering tests 34 1.2 Validity 14 4.2.1 Arranging venues 34 1.2.1 What is validity? 14 4.2.2 Registering test takers 35 1.2.2 Validity -
Total of 10 Pages Only May Be Xeroxed
FOR NEWFOUNDLAND STUDIES TOTAL OF 10 PAGES ONLY MAY BE XEROXED •(Without Author's Permission) MAY 1 1 2006 INTERNATIONALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN CHINA: FROM A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE by Yunpeng Sun A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education Faculty of Education Memorial University ofNewfoundland May 2005 St. John's Newfoundland Library and Bibliotheque et 0-494-06663-6 1+1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de !'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: Our file Notre reference ISBN: NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a Ia Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder-, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I' Internet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve Ia propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni Ia these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. -
Language Requirements
Language Policy NB: This Language Policy applies to applicants of the 20J and 20D MBA Classes. For all other MBA Classes, please use this document as a reference only and be sure to contact the MBA Admissions Office for confirmation. Last revised in October 2018. Please note that this Language Policy document is subject to change regularly and without prior notice. 1 Contents Page 3 INSEAD Language Proficiency Measurement Scale Page 4 Summary of INSEAD Language Requirements Page 5 English Proficiency Certification Page 6 Entry Language Requirement Page 7 Exit Language Requirement Page 8 FL&C contact details Page 9 FL&C Language courses available Page 12 FL&C Language tests available Page 13 Language Tuition Prior to starting the MBA Programme Page 15 List of Official Language Tests recognised by INSEAD Page 22 Frequently Asked Questions 2 INSEAD Language Proficiency Measurement Scale INSEAD uses a four-level scale which measures language competency. This is in line with the Common European Framework of Reference for language levels (CEFR). Below is a table which indicates the proficiency needed to fulfil INSEAD language requirement. To be admitted to the MBA Programme, a candidate must be fluent level in English and have at least a practical level of knowledge of a second language. These two languages are referred to as your “Entry languages”. A candidate must also have at least a basic level of understanding of a third language. This will be referred to as “Exit language”. LEVEL DESCRIPTION INSEAD REQUIREMENTS Ability to communicate spontaneously, very fluently and precisely in more complex situations. -
Social Reproduction and Migrant Education: a Critical Sociolinguistic Ethnography of Burmese Students’ Learning Experiences at a Border High School in China
Department of Linguistics Faculty of Human Sciences Social Reproduction and Migrant Education: A Critical Sociolinguistic Ethnography of Burmese Students’ Learning Experiences at a Border High School in China By Jia Li (李佳) This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy November 2016 i Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ viii Statement of Candidate ................................................................................................... x Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... xi List of Figures .............................................................................................................. xvi List of Tables .............................................................................................................. xvii List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ........................................................................xviii Glossary of Burmese and Chinese terms ..................................................................... xix Chapter One: Introduction .............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Research problem ................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Introducing the research context at the China-and-Myanmar border ................... 4 1.3 China’s rise and Chinese language -
Corrupting the College Board
n exchange for generous Chinese government funding, the College Board has given China strategic access to American K-12 education. Since at least 2003, the College Board has sponsored Confucius Institutes at K-12 Ischools, served as a recruiter for Chinese government programs, and helped the Chinese Communist Party design and gain control over American teacher train- ing programs. This report details the College Board’s corruption by the Chinese government and outlines key policy changes to protect and restore the integrity of the American Corrupting the education system. College Board Confucius Institutes and K-12 Education Rachelle Peterson, a senior research fellow at the National Association of Scholars, is also the author of Outsourced to China: Confucius Institutes and Soft Power in American Higher Education (2017). Rachelle Peterson September 2020 Corrupting the College Board Confucius Institutes and K-12 Education A report by the Cover Design by Chance Layton 420 Madison Avenue, 7th Floor Interior Design by Chance Layton New York, NY 10017 © 2020 National Association of Scholars Corrupting the College Board Confucius Institutes and K-12 Education Authored by Rachelle Peterson Senior Research Fellow Introduction by Peter W. Wood President, National Association of Scholars Cover Design by Chance Layton Interior Design by Chance Layton © 2020 National Association of Scholars About the National Association of Scholars Mission The National Association of Scholars is an independent membership association of academics and others working to sustain the tradition of reasoned scholarship and civil debate in America’s colleges and univer- sities. We uphold the standards of a liberal arts education that fosters intellectual freedom, searches for the truth, and promotes virtuous citizenship. -
List of Accepted Institutions, Exams and Tests As Evidence to Prove Your Language Proficiency in the CEMS Language and the Third Language
List of accepted institutions, exams and tests as evidence to prove your language proficiency in the CEMS language and the third language Language Type of evidence Accepted by RSM for Accepted by CEMS for entry exit (provided minimum (provided minimum level is reached) level is reached) Various Placement test results and Yes No (there are some languages course certificates from exceptions about university language centres at which you can CEMS schools inform yourself once you are admitted) Placement test results and Yes No course certificates from university language centres at EQUIS or AACSB accredited university TELC language tests Yes No CEMS accredited in-house tests Yes Yes and language courses offered by CEMS-schools (overview available upon request) CEMS MBC test Yes Yes languages Chinese Placement test result from Yes No Confucius Institute by Hanban Course certificate from Yes Yes, but only if Confucius Institute by Hanban Chinese is your 3rd language Business Chinese test Yes Yes, BCT4 or higher CEMS language: BCT3 3rd language: BCT2 HSK (Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi) Yes Yes, HSK4 or higher + CEMS language: HSKK (oral test) HSK3 intermediate or higher 3rd language: HSK2 Czech Státní jazyková zkouška základní Yes Yes z češtiny pro cizince (State examination in Czech for foreigners) Exam CCE (general language) – Yes Yes B2 or higher Danish Studieprøven Yes Yes Prøve i Dansk 3 Yes Yes Dutch Educatief professioneel C1 Yes Yes Professioneel gevorderd B2 Yes Yes Educatief startbekwaam B2 Yes Yes Maatschappelijk formeel B1 Yes Yes, but only -
ALTE Framework 2019
ALTE Framework 2019 A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 Language Organisation Pre-A1 ALTE Breakthrough ALTE Level 1 ALTE Level 2 ALTE Level 3 ALTE Level 4 ALTE Level 5 Euskararen Gaitasun Agiria (EGA) • Re-audit Nov 2021 Basque Government Eusko Jaurlaritza Basque Euskara Euskararen Gaitasun Agiria (EGA) • Re-audit pending Government of Navarre Gobierno de Navarra Standardised Test in Bulgarian as a Foreign Sofia University St. Language B2 Kliment Ohridski – • Re-audit March 2019 Department for Language Teaching - Bulgarian DLTIS Български език Софийски университет "Св. Климент Охридски" – Департамент за езиково обучение – ДЕО Version date: 05/02/2019 ALTE Framework 2019 A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 Language Organisation Pre-A1 ALTE Breakthrough ALTE Level 1 ALTE Level 2 ALTE Level 3 ALTE Level 4 ALTE Level 5 Nivell superior de català Catalan Generalitat of Catalonia • Audit pending Català Generalitat de Catalunya Charles University in The Czech Language The Czech Language The Czech Language The Czech Language The Czech Language Prague, Institute for Certificate Exam (CCE) Certificate Exam (CCE) Certificate Exam (CCE) Certificate Exam (CCE) Certificate Exam (CCE) Language and A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 Czech Preparatory Studies • Re-audit Jan 2021 • Re-audit Jan 2021 • Re-audit Jan 2021 • Re-audit Jan 2021 • Re-audit Jan 2021 (ILPS) Čeština Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Ústav jazykové a odborné přípravy, (ÚJOP UK) Prøve i Dansk 1 (PD1) Prøve i Dansk 2 (PD2) Prøve i Dansk 3 (PD3) • • • The Ministry for Re-audit Oct 2022 Re-audit Oct 2022 Re-audit Oct 2022 Danish Foreigners and Integration -
Types of Documents Confirming the Knowledge of a Foreign Language by Foreigners
TYPES OF DOCUMENTS CONFIRMING THE KNOWLEDGE OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE BY FOREIGNERS 1. Diplomas of completion of: 1) studies in the field of foreign languages or applied linguistics; 2) a foreign language teacher training college 3) the National School of Public Administration (KSAP). 2. A document issued abroad confirming a degree or a scientific title – certifies the knowledge of the language of instruction 3. A document confirming the completion of higher or postgraduate studies conducted abroad or in Poland - certifies the knowledge of the language only if the language of instruction was exclusively a foreign language. 4. A document issued abroad that is considered equivalent to the secondary school-leaving examination certificate - certifies the knowledge of the language of instruction 5. International Baccalaureate Diploma. 6. European Baccalaureate Diploma. 7. A certificate of passing a language exam organized by the following Ministries: 1) the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 2) the ministry serving the minister competent for economic affairs, the Ministry of Cooperation with Foreign Countries, the Ministry of Foreign Trade and the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Marine Economy; 3) the Ministry of National Defense - level 3333, level 4444 according to the STANAG 6001. 8. A certificate confirming the knowledge of a foreign language, issued by the KSAP as a result of linguistic verification proceedings. 9. A certificate issued by the KSAP confirming qualifications to work on high-rank state administration positions. 10. A document confirming -
Relating Language Examinations to the CEFR: a Manual
January 2009 Relating Language Examinations to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR) A Manual Language Policy Division, Strasbourg www.coe.int/lang Contents List of Figures Page iii List of Tables Page v List of Forms Page vii Preface Page ix Chapter 1: The CEFR and the Manual Page 1 Chapter 2: The Linking Process Page 7 Chapter 3: Familiarisation Page 17 Chapter 4: Specification Page 25 Chapter 5: Standardisation Training and Benchmarking Page 35 Chapter 6: Standard Setting Procedures Page 57 Chapter 7: Validation Page 89 References Page 119 Appendix A Forms and Scales for Description and Specification (Ch. 1 & 4) Page 122 A1: Salient Characteristics of CEFR Levels (Ch. 1) Page 123 A2: Forms for Describing the Examination (Ch. 4) Page 126 A3: Specification: Communicative Language Activities (Ch. 4) Page 132 A4: Specification: Communicative Language Competence (Ch. 4) Page 142 A5: Specification: Outcome of the Analysis (Ch. 4) Page 152 Appendix B Content Analysis Grids (Ch.4) B1: CEFR Content Analysis Grid for Listening & Reading Page 153 B2: CEFR Content Analysis Grids for Writing and Speaking Tasks Page 159 Appendix C Forms and Scales for Standardisation & Benchmarking (Ch. 5) Page 181 Reference Supplement: Section A: Summary of the Linking Process Section B: Standard Setting Section C: Classical Test Theory Section D: Qualitative Analysis Methods Section E: Generalisability Theory Section F: Factor Analysis Section G: Item Response Theory Section H: Test Equating i ii List of -
Understanding China's Discourse on South-South Cooperation and China
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses October 2019 UNDERSTANDING CHINA’S DISCOURSE ON SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION AND CHINA-AFRICA HIGHER EDUCATION EXCHANGE: A FIELD RESEARCH STUDY AT ZHEJIANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY’S CHINA-AFRICA INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SCHOOL Yi Sun University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the African Studies Commons, Asian Studies Commons, Development Studies Commons, Economic Theory Commons, Educational Sociology Commons, Education Policy Commons, Higher Education Commons, International and Comparative Education Commons, International Relations Commons, Macroeconomics Commons, Political Economy Commons, and the Sociology of Culture Commons Recommended Citation Sun, Yi, "UNDERSTANDING CHINA’S DISCOURSE ON SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION AND CHINA-AFRICA HIGHER EDUCATION EXCHANGE: A FIELD RESEARCH STUDY AT ZHEJIANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY’S CHINA-AFRICA INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS SCHOOL" (2019). Doctoral Dissertations. 1768. https://doi.org/10.7275/15171913 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/1768 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNDERSTANDING CHINA’S DISCOURSE ON SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION -
Exploring the Washback of a Large-Scale High-Stakes Chinese Test, the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi, on Learner Factors Shujiao Wang
EXPLORING THE WASHBACK OF A LARGE-SCALE HIGHT-STAKES CHINESE TEST, THE HANYUSHUIPING KAOSHI, ON LEARNER FACTORS Exploring the Washback of a Large-scale High-stakes Chinese Test, the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi, on Learner Factors Shujiao Wang Department of Integrated Studies in Education McGill University, Montreal The thesis is submitted in June, 2013. A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts © Shujiao Wang 2013 EXPLORING THE WASHBACK OF THE HSK ON LEARNER FACTORS ii Abstract Washback research has tended to focus on whether washback exists and whether there is intended washback brought about by examinations in English as a second/foreign language (ESL/EFL contexts). This study, on the other hand, investigated how learner factors, such as learning strategies and beliefs, related to the washback of a large-scale high-stakes Chinese second language proficiency test, the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK). Using a mixed-methods research (MMR) approach, quantitative data were collected from Chinese as a second/foreign/heritage language (CSL) learner survey responses (n = 60) and qualitative data were elicited from 8 interviews and HSK related documents. Findings revealed that, an increasing number of people wanted to learn Chinese and take the HSK because they were interested not only in the Chinese language and culture, but also hoped to study, work or travel in China. They felt that becoming HSK-certified, helped them feel more motivated to learn Chinese and increased job opportunities. Thus, there were significant washback effects of the HSK on learning Chinese. Similar to previous research on washback, however, this study showed that the HSK had positive impact on some learners but negative effects on others. -
LCSH Section H
H (The sound) H.P. 15 (Bomber) Giha (African people) [P235.5] USE Handley Page V/1500 (Bomber) Ikiha (African people) BT Consonants H.P. 42 (Transport plane) Kiha (African people) Phonetics USE Handley Page H.P. 42 (Transport plane) Waha (African people) H-2 locus H.P. 80 (Jet bomber) BT Ethnology—Tanzania UF H-2 system USE Victor (Jet bomber) Hāʾ (The Arabic letter) BT Immunogenetics H.P. 115 (Supersonic plane) BT Arabic alphabet H 2 regions (Astrophysics) USE Handley Page 115 (Supersonic plane) HA 132 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE H II regions (Astrophysics) H.P.11 (Bomber) USE Hambach 132 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-2 system USE Handley Page Type O (Bomber) HA 500 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE H-2 locus H.P.12 (Bomber) USE Hambach 500 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-8 (Computer) USE Handley Page Type O (Bomber) HA 512 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE Heathkit H-8 (Computer) H.P.50 (Bomber) USE Hambach 512 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-19 (Military transport helicopter) USE Handley Page Heyford (Bomber) HA 516 Site (Niederzier, Germany) USE Chickasaw (Military transport helicopter) H.P. Sutton House (McCook, Neb.) USE Hambach 516 Site (Niederzier, Germany) H-34 Choctaw (Military transport helicopter) USE Sutton House (McCook, Neb.) Ha-erh-pin chih Tʻung-chiang kung lu (China) USE Choctaw (Military transport helicopter) H.R. 10 plans USE Ha Tʻung kung lu (China) H-43 (Military transport helicopter) (Not Subd Geog) USE Keogh plans Ha family (Not Subd Geog) UF Huskie (Military transport helicopter) H.R.D. motorcycle Here are entered works on families with the Kaman H-43 Huskie (Military transport USE Vincent H.R.D.