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Some Account of the Lives and Writings of Lope Felix De Vega Carpio and Guillen De Castro. Vol. I

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Some Account of the Lives and Writings of Lope Felix De Vega Carpio and Guillen De Castro. Vol. I / SOME ACCOUNT 01? TIIH LIVES AND WRITINGS ( ) i' LOPE FELIX DE VEGA CARPIÓ A N D GUILLEN DE CASTRO Scrtren sculp. Nut. 156». ©lb. 1635. Publithftl In- Lorufnuui, l&uvt, Rce.t .<• Orme, April.iSic. SOME ACCOUNT OF THE LIVES AND WRITINGS LOPE FELIX DE VEGA CARPIÓ AND GUILLEN DE CASTRO BY HENRY RICHARD LORD HOLLAND VOL I LONDON: Printed by Thomas Davhon, Wkhcfriars, FOU LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, PATERNOSTER- ROW; B. JEFFERY, PALL-MALL i AND J. RIDGWAY, PICCADILLY. 1817. ? 'iU'i DEDICATION. TO DON MANUEL JOSEPH QUINTANA. SIK, IN dedicating the following pages to you, I am not without apprehensions that my readers may accuse me of being actuated by motives very dif­ ferent from those which I should wish to assign. What is offered as a tes­ timony of friendship, and an acknow­ ledgment of obligations, they may DEDICATION. very plausibly suspect of being an ar­ tifice of authorship, and a gratification of vanity. Indeed, if I were disposed to assume authority with my country­ men on subjects of Castilian literature, how could I accomplish it more effec­ tually than by insinuating that my re­ searches were directed, and my studies assisted, by a Spaniard so eminent for purity of taste and discernment in literature as yourself? How could I more artfully imply my qualifications forjudging of celebrated Spanish poets who are dead, than by proclaiming the intimacy and friendship with which I am honoured by one of the most dis­ tinguished of those now living;? As, however, I had rather incur the im­ putation of vanity with the public, DEDICATION. than deserve that of ingratitude from you, I cannot allow these sheets to go to the press Avithout acknowledging the advantages I have derived from your advice and conversation in collecting the materials necessary to the task which I had undertaken. Indeed, the only circumstance which could make me contemplate a work so imperfect and superficial with any complacency, would be, that it is associated in my mind with the recollection of the many pleasant hours I passed, and the many valuable acquaintances I formed in the country to the literature of which it is devoted. VASSALL HOLLAND. Holland House, Kensington, Juli/ 19, ISO6. CONTENTS. RlgC Spanish authors • ft 1 Garcilaso de la Vega • t 2 Mendoza * * 3 Ercilla • * 4 Cervantes * * 4 Lope de Vega 5 Escape from school 5 Early marks of genius - 7 Birth, Nov. 25, 15Ô2 8 Wrote plays of four acts . 9 La Pastoral de Jacinto - iü Exaggerations of Montai van . 11 Arcadia written at the instance of the duke of Alva • * . 12 Pastorals common in Spi üa . 12 The Arcadia • • . 15—26 Sonnet of Garcilaso • * • . 24 CONTENTS. Leaves the duke of Alva, and marries 27 Fights a duel .... 27 Retires to Valencia . 28 Mariner, a Latin poet 28 Lope returns to Madrid 30 Loses his wife .... 30 Embarks in the invincible Armada 30 Continues to write 32 Hermosura de Angélica —35 Extracts from the Hermosura de Angelica 36 -44 Latin stanza in the Hermosura de Angélica 43 Hermosura de Angèlica, published l602 44 Dragontéa ...... 44 Lope married a second time in 15QO 45 Poems on St. Isidore, 15(J8 . 45 Poems of Tomé de Burguillos . 46 Lope's happiness ...... 47 Subsequent afflictions , 47 Becomes a priest and brother of St. Francis in 1609 49 Controversies between him and his contemporaries 49 Gongora 50 Spanish Romances . .51 —59 Gongora Qçy —63 Defects of Góngora .... 63 CONTENTS Style called cultismo Lope's dispute with Góngora Cultismo ridiculed by Lope Count of Villa Mediana Lope's dispute with Cervantes Failure of Jerusalem Conquistada Death of Cervantes Lope's admirers Lope's vanity .... His complaints Numerous publications Increasing fame Poems published without his name Pope Urban VIII. compliments him Prodigious reputation of Lope His income . Laurel de Apolo His devotion . Death on 26 August, 1635 Funeral honours Imperfect accounts of him His foibles .... Vanity ..... Propensity to murmur Number of his wovks Xll CONTENTS. Proof of that number examined Anecdote from Montalvan Testimony of Cervantes Voluminous poets in Spain Mariner .... Calderón .... Lope's facility •Epic poems .... Corona Trágica Speecli of ¡Mary, Queen of Scots Circe, Andromeda, Oragontca Pastorals, Arcadia . Pastores de Belen Lyric poetry Burlesque poems Gatomachia Epistles and didactic works Arte de hacer Comedias . Defence of the Spanish stage Comparison of antient and modern drama Lope de Vega's influence on modern theatre Mariana de Rege et Regis Institutione Attempt to suppress plays Modern prohibitions of plays . Philip II. CONTENTS. Xlll Page Decision of the university of Salamanca 133 Lope's six regular tragedies 140 Description probably incorrect 141 Duque de Viseo 142 El Marido mas firme 148 Plays of Lope lieroic and familiar 149 Underplot, a Spanish invention 150 Lope resembles Shakspeare in his plots 150 Inferior to him in all other respects . 151 Lope's plots interesting 152 ljut often improbable 153 Lope the favourite of the country 154 Abstract of the Estrella de Sevilla, with extracts from it J55 Estrella de Sevilla criticised y 99 Jealousy in Spanish plays . • 201 Fuerza lastimosa ..... 202 Duels and disguises frequent in Spanish plays 203 The reason of this ..... 204 Prohibition of Lope's plays 205 Sacred dramas 206 Animal profeta 20(5 Autos Sacramentales 207 Entremeses , 208 Sospechosa verdad . XIV CONTENTS. Page Other plays of Lope ..... 209 Violation of the unities ..... 210 Merits of Lope's plan ..... 214 Defence of Voltaire . .215 The Gracioso . .218 Gracioso convenient to the author . 219 Epigrammatic turns and short metre of Spanish plays ....... 223 Lope's rules for varying the measure . 220 Sonnets in plays ...... 229 Lope's language . .231 Lope's dialogue ...... 234 Amœbean dialogues accounted for . 235 Corneille and Lope ... 237 Extravagancies of Lope . • . .238 Lope's comedy . .... 240 Play upon words ...... 240 Dialogue in comedy ..... 240 Carelessness of Spanish editors . .2-16 Spaniards' estimation of Lope .... 247 Fluctuation of opinion explained . 247 Motives of literary men in decrying Lope, &c. 251 Nasarre ........ 252 La Huerta ....... 253 Teatro Hespañol, an unsuccessful publication . 254 CONTENTS. Píige Revival of taste for old plays .... 256 Itevival of Lope's plays ..... 257 Influence of his works on Spanish literature . 257 Number of Spanish poets .... 258 Influence of Lope on Spanish and foreign thea­ tres ........ 260 Memory of Lope justly honoured . 261 Conclusion ....... 2Ô1 ^t flautí ¿(tóLcL ^L&-US- -efe -e/"\yf/7i o*- <^&?^ihiSl€sv<r fon/o (Ítj7)¿e J-e^g^, -^e r <?L?n>VT* ¿Oït <Z?1l<x^ lac Jmile of a Passage in El Marques de las Xavas, from ur'n-inal 51. S. SOME ACCOUNT OF THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF LOPE DE VEGA. IT is so trite an observation, that the life of s.Panî: tliors. a man of letters is too uniform to render the relation of it interesting, that the re­ mark is become as regular an introduction to literary biography, as the title-page and dedication are to a book. But if in com­ pliance with established usage we place it in our account of a Spanish poet, it must be for the sole purpose of refuting it. The advancement of literature has, in many in­ stances, kept pace with the political in­ fluence of a country; but it has happened 2 LOPE DE VEGA. more frequently in Spain than elsewhere, that the same persons have contributed to Garciiaso the progress of both. Garcilaso * de la (le la Vega, r ° * The surname of La Vega was, according to the romantic history of the wars of Grenada, bestowed on Garcilaso, a young Spaniard, for his prowess in van­ quishing a gigantic Moor who had defied the Christian warriors by parading before Ferdinand's camp in the Vega de Grenada with the words Ave Maria fixed to his horse's tail: but this story is related of another man, with very little variation, in the Chronicle of Alonzo XI., written long before the siege of Grenada. The poet Garcilaso has written little more than pas­ torals and sonnets, compositions at best of an inferior order: yet he may be considered as the most classical poet in the Castilian language. Indeed there are few authors, antient or modern, who, had they died at the same period of life, would have left works more perfect in their kind behind them. He unfortunately did not live long enough to fix the taste of his countrymen; and the race of poets who succeeded him were more remarkable for wit and imagination than for correctness of thought, or purity of ex­ pression. Because Horace ran away from Philippi, or for some reason equally cogent, courage has been supposed to be a rare virtue among poets ; and Menage observes, that Garcilaso is the only bard upon record who actually fell in the field. LOPE DE VEGA, 3 Vega, whose family is celebrated for mili­ tary exploits both in history and romance, and who is himself, from the harmony of his verse, called the Petrarch of Spain, fell at the age of thirty-three before a little fortress near Frejus \ and his death became the more remarkable, from the merciless manner in which Charles V. avenged it, by putting the whole garrison to the sword. The negotiations and personal character of Mendoza * had no inconsiderable influence Mendoza. * Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoza was born at Gre- nada very early in the 16th century. His abilities in various embassies to Rome, Venice^ and Trent, were universally acknowledged by his contemporaries, though an infamous plot formed by him against the liberties of Sienna seems to have been as imprudently conducted as it was wickedly designed. His literary reputation is founded on his munificent patronage of learning, as well as on his own works.
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