DOCSLIB.ORG

The Geochemistry of Franklinite and Associated Minerals from the Sterling Hill Zinc Deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Geochemistry of Franklinite and Associated Minerals from the Sterling Hill Zinc Deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey Lehigh University Lehigh Preserve Theses and Dissertations 1-1-1976 The geochemistry of franklinite and associated minerals from the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey. Samuel F. Squiller Follow this and additional works at: http://preserve.lehigh.edu/etd Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Squiller, Samuel F., "The eg ochemistry of franklinite and associated minerals from the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey." (1976). Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2068. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Lehigh Preserve. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Lehigh Preserve. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE GEOCHEMISTRY ' OF FRANKLINITE AND ASSOCIATED MINERALS FROM THE STERLING HILL Z INC, DFPOSIT, PUSSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY by Samuel F. Squiller A Thesis Presented to the Graduate Committee of Lehigh University in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Science in Geological Sciences Lehigh University 1976 ProQuest Number: EP76341 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest EP76341 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL This- thesis is accepted and approved in partial ful fillr-;ent of the renuireriCr.tr, for the degree of faster of Science, Professor in Charge Chairman of Department ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS t v i. s h ' t. c express n y F i n c e r c a n n r e c i a t i o n f o r the ef- f o r t r. of . n y a d v isor ,, >■' r o f e r. n o r C h arlo s B . S c .1 a r , w ho p. r c - vided continual encouragement and Guidance throuohout the c o u r n e of this study and. who critic a llv reviewo cl r, evera 1 drafts of this document. The New J e r s e v 7inc Cocpany • generously permitted access to the ?■■ t er 1 i nq Hill mine and allowed the writer to collect aporooriate samples. I am especially qrateful to Mr. R. W. Metsqer of the New Jersey Zinc Company who supervised the acquisition of the samples studied and provided valuable insiqht into the internal structure and mineralogy of the deposit. I also thank Mr. Metsger for his critical reading of the manuscript. Dr. Paul Myers served on the writer's advisory committee and offered many valuable suggestions. Financial support for the use of the electron micro- probe was provided' by the Bureau of Geology and Topography, Department of Environmental Protection, of the State of New Jersey through'the office of Dr. Kemble Widmer, State Geologist, and I am most grateful for this assistance. During the period July 1975-May 1976 the writer submitted to the State of New Jersey, four progress reports which contained preliminary analytical results. Support for ex- penda-bl-e-^H3rH>jpiies by the Department of Geological Sciences at Lehigh is also gratefully acknowledged. iii Lastly, I weald like to thank r,v v i f <?, Flizabeth, for her, continual support, encouraoencnt, and understanding during the course of t h is studv . © iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Certificate of'Approval pase ii Ac k n o v1odoncnts i i i List cf Tables viit List of Figures x Abstract ,■ 1 i Introduction . 4 objectives of This Study 7 Discovery and DeveloDinent of the Sterlinq Hill Mine: 9 Previous "Investigations 12 Geologic Setting 14 The Sterling Hill Ore Deposit 18 General Structure 18 Mineralogy and Texture _ 21 Franklinite 22 Gahnite 28 Willemite 28 Tephroite 33 Zincite 34 Internal Structure and Mineral Zonation 34 Description of Sample Location 43 Sample Location of Series No. 1 43 Sample Location of Series No. 2 44 Sample Location of Series No. 3 46 ! TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd.) Sample Location of Series No. 4 paqe 47 Sanple Location of Series No.. 5 51 Sanple Location of Series No.- 6 53 Samule Location of Series No. 7. 57 A nalytica1 M ethods 59 Ontical Microscopy 59 Interqranular and Intragranular Homoqeneity 59 Electron Microprobe Analysis , 59 Methods and Standards 59 Analytical Precision 60 Mineral Chemistry and Compositional Variation 64 Franklinite 64 Compositional Variation of Franklinite With Coexisting Willemite 80 Franklinite From Red Willemite Zones 82 Franklinite From Black Willemite Zones 82 Franklinite From Brown Willemite Zones 84 Intragranular Homogeneity 84 Intergranular Homogeneity 88 Chemical Variation Across and Along the Strike 92 Franklinite Inclusions in Willemite and Tephroite „ - ' 99 Willemite 108 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd.) I, i n c i t e rage 108 "ah'n i te 117 T c o hroite 126 '•ther Minerals 141 r'riaarv Metamornhic Versus Secondary Oriqir. For '"incite' 145 Primary Metamorohic Versus Second arv Or'in in For Tephroite 147 JOriqin of Franklinite Inclusions in Will'em'ite 151 Origin of the Sterling Hill Zinc Deposit 154 History of Ideas on the Sterling Hill Dep'os it 154 Recent views 159 Genetic Aspects of the Sterling Hill Deposit as Revealed by This Study. 161 References Cited 174 Appendix I. Compilation of Analyses. 179 Vita 231 vii V LIST OF TABLES • trat i <; r a r> h i c C plus r. o f ' t h e F r a n Jc 1 i ■ r ft a.e 16 Stcrlinc Hill Area. 2 . A n a 1 v t re a 3 rrecisi o n 63 Average Electron '•' i c r o p r o b e A n a 1 v s o s (w t of. Frank 1 in i t e . 65 N'urr.ber or Cat ions/ 3 2 Oxyqens for Frank 1 in.ite Analyses of Table 3 71 Composition Panqes (Wt. *) of Frank- linite Coexisting With Red, Brown, and Black Willemite. 83 6. Homoqeneity Indices (S c /2a c ) for Representative Franklmite Grains 86 7. Homogeneity Indices for Intergrain Compositional Variations of Frank- linite. 90 Representative Electron Microprobe Analyses (Wt. %) of Franklinite Inclusions in Willemite and Tephroite 100 Representative Electron Microprobe Analyses (Wt. %) of Willemite. 109 10. Composition Ranges (Wt. %•) of Red, Brown, and Black Willemite. 115 11. Representative Electron Microprobe Analyses (Wt. %) of Zincite. 121 12. Representative Electron Microprobe Analyses (Wt. %) of Gahnite. 131 13. Representative Electron Microprobe Analyses (Wt. %) of Tephroite. 137 14. Electron Microprobe Analyses (Wt. %) of Willemite-Tephroite Intergrowths 140 15. Representative Electron Microprobe • Analyses (Wt. %) of Hetaerolite and Marble. 143 viii LIST OF TABLES (cont'd.) I h . K lectron M i c r o n- r o h e A r. a lysc P ( W t . % ) c a a e 14B o f f * C: e x i n t i n a Top h roite-Willemite Fairs and rrinarv Techroitc. IX LIST OF FIGURES '-eo 1-o-o-i-c--'.',a p -o f ■■ the F ra rv-ki-i-n--P-t--e-r--l-i-nt?- _D_ftQ..«?_ 15 Area. •".colofjic "ap of the Sterlinq Hill Ore Bodv. 19 Photomacroqraph of Salt and Penper Texture of Franklin ite and willemite. 23 4. Photoma'crograph of Massive Texture of Franklinite and V.'illemite. 24 5. Photomicrpqraph of Franklinite Inclu- sions in Willemite. 26 6. Photomicrograph of .Franklinite Inclu- sions in Willemite. 27 Photomicrograph of Gahnite-Franklinite Intergrowth. 29 Photomicrograph of Gahnite-Franklinite Intergrowth. 30 Photomicrograph of Gahnite-Franklinite Intergrowth. 31 10. Specimen Current Image of Willemite Vein. 32 11. Photomicrograph of Tephroite Replacing Willemite. 35 12. Photomicrograph of Tephroite Replacing. ■Willemite. 36 13. Photomicrograph of Serpentinized Tephroite. 37 14. photomacrograph of Texture of Zincite- Bearing Ore. 38 15. Photomicrograph of Intergrowth in Zincite. 39 16. Sketch of the Sample Location of Series No. 2. 45 LIST OF FIGURES (cont'd.) f- ketc h o f t h e r. a m n I e L o c a tion o ' raae 48 Series -No . 4 . 19. Sketch of the Sanplc Lqc a t i o n of 52 Series Ko, S. ■ j 19. Sketch of the Sample Location of. 55 Series No . 6 . 69 2 0. Fe-?.n-Mn Diaqram for Franklinite. 75 21. Variation Diaqram for Franklinite. 78 22. Variation Diaqram for Franklinite. 81 23. Variation Diaqram for Franklinite. 24. Composition-Distance Diaqram for 93 the Sample Location of Series No. 2. 25. Composition-Distance Diaqram for 94 , the Sample Location of Series No. 4. 26. Composition-Distance Diaqram for 95 the Sample Location of Series No. 5. 27. Composition-Distance Diaqram for 96 the Sample Location of Series No. 6. 28. Composition-Distance Diaqram for 97 the Sample Location of S,eries No. 7. 29. Fe-Zn-Mn Diaqram for Franklinite 101 Inclusions in Willemite. 30. Compositional Correlations Between Elements in Franklinite and Frank- 102 linite Inclusions in Willemite. 112 31. Variation Diaqram for Willemite. 32. Compositional Correlations Between 118 Elements in Willemite and Frahkli.nite 123 33. Variation Diaqram for Zincite. 34. Compositional Correlations Between 127 Elements in Franklinite and Zincite. XI LIST OF FIGURES (cont'd.) 3 S . r.lectr o r. ■ v. icroprobc Jrankh n ite- r ft <: «* 1 14 '" a n r, i t e Traverse. -■ 3 6 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE of CAHNITE, Cabaso4 (OH)4
    THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF CAHNITE, CaBAsO4 (OH)4 by Charles T. Prewitt S.B., M.I.T.AAT.rc (1955) SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL YULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (1960) Signature of Author .,. ..... .. ... .... Department of>Geolgy nd Geophysics, May 20, 1960 Certified by . t -.. 4-w.Vi 4 ... .. ... , . Thesis Supervisor Accepted by . .* . .... ... Chairman, Departmental Committee on Graduate Students THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF CAHNITE, Ca2 BAs04 (OH)4 Charles T. Prewitt Submitted to the Department of Geology on May 20, 1960 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Cahnite is one of the few crystals which had been assigned to crystal class 4. A precession study showed that its diffraction sphol is 4/m I-/-, which contains space groups I4, I4E, and14/. Because of the known 4 morphology, it must be assigned to space group I4. The unit cell, whose dimensions are a = 7.11A, o = 6.201, contains two formula weights of Ca BAsO (OH)L. The structure was studied with the aid of in ensity medsurements made with a single-crystal diffractometer. Patterson s ntheses were first made for projections along the c, a, and 110 directions. The atomic numbers of the atoms are in the ratio As:Ca.0:B = 33:20:8:5, so that the Patterson peaks are dominated by the atom pairs containing arsenic as one member of the pair. Since there are only two arsenic atoms in a body-centered cell, one As can be arbitrarily assigned to the origin.
    [Show full text]
  • Zincite (Zn, Mn2+)O
    Zincite (Zn, Mn2+)O c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Hexagonal. Point Group: 6mm. Crystals rare, typically pyramidal, hemimorphic, with large {0001}, to 2.5 cm, rarely curved; in broad cleavages, foliated, granular, compact, massive. Twinning: On {0001}, with composition plane {0001}. Physical Properties: Cleavage: {1010}, perfect; parting on {0001}, commonly distinct. Fracture: Conchoidal. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 4 VHN = 205–221 (100 g load). D(meas.) = 5.66(2) D(calc.) = 5.6730 Rare pale yellow fluorescence under LW UV. Optical Properties: Translucent, transparent in thin fragments. Color: Yellow-orange to deep red, rarely yellow, green, colorless; deep red to yellow in transmitted light; light rose-brown in reflected light, with strong red to yellow internal reflections. Streak: Yellow-orange. Luster: Subadamantine to resinous. Optical Class: Uniaxial (+). ω = 2.013 = 2.029 R1–R2: (400) 13.0–13.6, (420) 12.8–13.2, (440) 12.6–12.8, (460) 12.3–12.6, (480) 12.1–12.4, (500) 12.0–12.2, (520) 11.8–12.1, (540) 11.8–12.0, (560) 11.7–11.9, (580) 11.6–11.8, (600) 11.4–11.7, (620) 11.3–11.6, (640) 11.2–11.5, (660) 11.1–11.4, (680) 11.0–11.2, (700) 11.0–11.2 Cell Data: Space Group: P 63mc (synthetic). a = 3.24992(5) c = 5.20658(8) Z = 2 X-ray Powder Pattern: Synthetic. 2.476 (100), 2.816 (71), 2.602 (56), 1.626 (40), 1.477 (35), 1.911 (29), 1.379 (28) Chemistry: (1) (2) SiO2 0.08 FeO 0.01 0.23 MnO 0.27 0.29 ZnO 99.63 98.88 Total 99.99 [99.40] (1) Sterling Hill, New Jersey, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Scanned
    American Mineralogist, Volume 70, pages 379-387, 1985 Ma_nganesehumites and leucophoenicitesfrom Franklin and Sterling- Hill' NewJersev: 'i"? andimplications ;ifi':il1,;;lfiil11"r's' Perr J. Dullx Department of Mineral Sciences Smithsonian lnstitution, Washington, D. C. 20560 Abstract The manganesehumites, (alleghanyite, manganhumite, and sonolite),together with some Mn-bearing samplesof the Mg-humites,and the related phasesleucophoenicite and jerry- gibbsite,from the orebodiesat Franklin and SterlingHill, New Jersey,are describedtogether with analytical data. Solid solution betweenhumite and manganhumiteis at least partially continuous. Expected Mn/Mg solid solutions between alleghanyiteand chondrodite, and betweensonolite and clinohumite, are discontinuous; they are interrupted by apparently orderedphases. In all cases,the possibleorderings involve Zn as well as Mn and Mg. There are no Mn end-membersof the manganesehumites at this locality. Manganeseis apparently restricted in leucophoenicite(5.42-6.63 Mn per 7 octahedral cations) and in jerrygibbsite (7.79-8.02Mn per 9 octahedralcations). Calcium is common to both leucophoeniciteand jerrygibbsite,but among the Mn-humites,only sonoliteaccepts appreciable Ca (0.65Ca per 9 octahedralcations). There is a "threshold" level ofzinc in all studiedsamples; this "threshold" levelis a constantfor leucophoenicite1-9.3 Znper 3 Si)and alleghanyite(-O.2Zn per 2 Si). No samplesof leucophoeniciteor jerrygibbsite were found to be Zn-ftee,suggesting either that Zn is required for their stability, or that these two phasesmight not be stable as end-members.Fluorine is present in all the Mn-humites and is proportional to the Mg- content,but is absentin leucophoeniciteand jerrygibbsite. Introduction humite speciesoccur there; the Mg-humites occur in the The magnesiumhumite species(norbergite, chondrodite, host Franklin Marble for the most part, and the Mn- humite, and clinohumite) have been well-studiedand re- humites in the orebodiesthemselves.
    [Show full text]
  • Leucophoenicite Mn (Sio4)3(OH)2
    2+ Leucophoenicite Mn7 (SiO4)3(OH)2 c 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2=m: Crystals rare, typically slender, prismatic, elongated and striated [010], to 8 mm; in isolated grains or granular massive. Twinning: On k 001 , common, contact or interpenetrant twins, lamellar. f g Physical Properties: Cleavage: 001 , imperfect. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 5.5{6 f g D(meas.) = 3.848 D(calc.) = [4.01] Optical Properties: Transparent to translucent. Color: Brown to light purple-red, raspberry-red, deep pink to light pink; rose-red to colorless in thin section. Luster: Vitreous. Optical Class: Biaxial ({). Pleochroism: Faint; rose-red 001 ; colorless 001 . Orientation: k f g ? f g X 001 cleavage. Dispersion: r > v; slight. ® = 1.751(3) ¯ = 1.771(3) ° = 1.782(3) ? f g 2V(meas.) = 74(5)± Cell Data: Space Group: P 21=a: a = 10.842(19) b = 4.826(6) c = 11.324(9) ¯ = 103:93(9)± Z = [2] X-ray Powder Pattern: Franklin, New Jersey, USA. 1.8063 (10), 2.877 (9), 2.684 (8), 4.36 (5), 3.612 (5), 2.365 (5), 2.620 (4) Chemistry: (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) (3) SiO2 26.36 26.7 26.7 CaO 5.67 2.4 2.8 FeO trace 0.3 0.3 Na2O 0.39 MnO 60.63 62.8 64.7 K2O 0.24 ZnO 3.87 0.0 0.0 H2O 2.64 [2.3] [2.8] MgO 0.21 5.5 2.7 Total 100.01 [100.0] [100.0] (1) Franklin, New Jersey, USA; composite of two analyses, corresponding to (Mn5:89Ca0:70Zn0:32 Na0:04Mg0:03K0:01)§=6:99(Si1:01O4)3(OH)2: (2) Kombat mine, Namibia; by electron microprobe, H2O by di®erence; corresponding to (Mn5:98Mg0:92Ca0:29Fe0:02)§=7:21(SiO4)3(OH)1:72: (3) Valsesia-Valtournanche area, Italy; by electron microprobe, H2O by di®erence; corresponding to (Mn6:16Mg0:45Ca0:34Fe0:03)§=6:98(SiO4)3(OH)2:10: Mineral Group: Leucophoenicite group.
    [Show full text]
  • TEPHROITE from FRANKLIN, NEW JERSEY* Connbrrus S. Hunrsur
    THE AMERICAN MINERALOGIST, VOL 46, MAY_JUNE, 1961 TEPHROITE FROM FRANKLIN, NEW JERSEY* ConNBrrus S. Hunrsur, Jn., Departmentof Mineralogy, Harvard, Uniaersity. Assrnlcr A study of tephroite specimens from Franklin and Sterling Hill, New Jersey showed in all of them the presence of thin sheets of willemite believed to be a product of exsolution. .fhese sheets are oriented parallel to the {100} and [010] planes of tephroite with the o and r axes of tephroite and willemite parallel. It is believed that Iittle zinc remains in the tephroite structure and that much of it reported in chemical analyses has been con- tributed by intergrown u'illemite. This conclusion is supported by experiments syn- thesizing tephroite. The indices of refraction and d spacing of {130} vary as would be expected with changes in amounts of MgO, FeO and CaO. INrnooucrroN 'fephroite, Mn2SiO4,a member of the olivine group, was describedas a new mineral from SterlingHill by Breithaupt in 1823.A chemicalanal- ysis of the original material was published by Brush (1864) together with severaladditional chemical analysesof tephroite made by others. These analysesreport ZnO in varying amounts which Brush attributed to invariably associatedzincite. Palache (1937) did not agree with Brush and stated " . that the molecularratios in someanalyses more nearly satisfy the orthosilicateformula when zinc is regardedas essen- tially a part of the mineral rather than as a constituent of mechanical inclusions." The present study was undertaken for the purpose of in- vestigatingthe variations in the propertiesof tephroite with changesin chemical composition, particularly the effect of zinc. Relationships were not expectedto be simplefor analysesshow, in addition to ZnO, variable amounts of MgO, FeO, and CaO.
    [Show full text]
  • Useful Primitive Radio Detector Minerals H.P
    Sheet1 Useful Primitive Radio Detector Minerals H.P. Friedichs, AC7ZL Chemical Chemical Crystal PW Eccles Toricata Morgan Mineral Composition Formula Category Suitable Contacts (1925) (1928) (1910) (1913) Allemontite Arsenic antimonide AsSb Antimonide x Anatase Titanium dioxide TiO2 Oxide Metals and Zincite x x Antimony Element Sb Element Zincite, silicon, etc. x Argentite (silver glance) Silver sulfide Ag2S Sulfide Metals, graphite, tellurium x Arkansite See Anatase x Arsenic Element As Element Metals and Zincite x x x Arsenic pyrites See Mispickel x Bornite (peacock Sulfide of copper and ore) iron Cu5FeS4 Sulfide Zincite, silicon, etc. x x x x Boron Element B Element Zincite, tellurium x x Sulfide of antimony Boulangerite and lead Pb5Sb4S11 Sulfosalt x Sulfide of copper, Zincite, tellurium, Bourmonite antimony and lead PbCuSbS3 Sulfosalt antimony, bismuth x Brookite See Anatase x x Carborundum Silicon Carbide SiC Steel, zincite x Zincite (this combination is Sulfide of iron and the famous Perikon Chalcopyrite copper CuFeS2 Sulfide detector) x x x Cobaltite Cobalt arsenic sulfide CoAsS Zincite x x Cassiterite Tin Oxide SnO2 Oxide Metals x x Cerussite Lead Carbonate PbCo3 Carbonate ?x Chalcocite (copper glance) Copper sulfide Cu2S Sulfide Zincite, tellurium x x x Zincite (this combination is Sulfide of iron and the famous Perikon Copper pyrites copper CuFeS2 Sulfide detector) x x Corundum Aluminum oxidde Al2O3 Oxide Zincite, bornite x Page 1 Sheet1 Covellite Copper sulfide CuS Sulfide Zincite, etc x x Cuprite (Cuprous oxide) Copper oxide
    [Show full text]
  • Base Your Answers to Questions 1 and 2 on the Diagram Below, Which Shows the Results of Three Different Physical Tests, A, B, and C, That Were Performed on a Mineral
    Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the diagram below, which shows the results of three different physical tests, A, B, and C, that were performed on a mineral. 1. The luster of this mineral could be determined by A) using an electronic balance B) using a graduated cylinder C) observing how light reflects from the surface of the mineral D) observing what happens when acid is placed on the mineral 2. Which mineral was tested? A) amphibole B) quartz C) galena D) graphite 3. Different arrangements of tetrahedra in the silicate group of minerals result in differences in the minerals' A) age, density, and smoothness B) cleavage, color, and abundance C) hardness, cleavage, and crystal shape D) chemical composition, size, and origin 4. The diagram of Bowen's Reaction Series below indicates the relative temperatures at which specific minerals crystallize as magma cools. Which statement is best supported by Bowen's Reaction Series? A) Most minerals crystallize at the same temperature. B) Most felsic minerals usually crystallize before most mafic minerals. C) Muscovite mica and quartz are the last minerals to crystallize as magma cools. D) Biotite mica is the first mineral to crystallize as magma cools. Base your answers to questions 5 through 8 on the 6. Moh's scale arranges minerals according to their data table below. relative A) resistance to breaking B) resistance to scratching C) specific heat D) specific gravity 7. Which statement is best supported by the data shown? A) An iron nail contains fluorite. B) A streak plate is composed of quartz.
    [Show full text]
  • Jerrygibbsite Mn (Sio4)
    2+ Jerrygibbsite Mn9 (SiO4)4(OH)2 c 2001 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1.2 ° Crystal Data: Orthorhombic. Point Group: mm2 (probable), or 2=m 2=m 2=m: As interlocking anhedral crystals, to 2 mm. Physical Properties: Cleavage: Imperfect on 001 . Hardness = 5.5 D(meas.) = 4.00(2) D(calc.) = 4.045 f g » Optical Properties: Transparent and translucent lamellae alternating 001 . Color: Violet-pink, with a brownish tinge; light pink in thin section. Strekakf: Light pink. Luster: Vitreous. Optical Class: Biaxial ({). Orientation: X = b; Y = c; Z = a. Dispersion: r > v; moderate. ® = 1.772(4) ¯ = 1.783(4) ° = 1.789(4) 2V(meas.) = 72± Cell Data: Space Group: P bn21 (probable), or P bnm: a = 4.875(2) b = 10.709(6) c = 28.18(2) Z = 4 X-ray Powder Pattern: Franklin, New Jersey, USA. 2.557 (100), 1.806 (100), 2.869 (78), 2.752 (49), 2.702 (46), 2.362 (39), 2.661 (34) Chemistry: (1) SiO2 27.1 FeO 0.3 MnO 64.1 ZnO 3.9 MgO 1.4 CaO 0.4 F 0.0 H2O 2.13 Total 99.3 (1) Franklin, New Jersey, USA; by electron microprobe, H2O by the Pen¯eld method; corresponds to (Mn7:86Zn0:59Mg0:24Ca0:16Fe0:14)§=8:99(SiO4)4(OH)2: Polymorphism & Series: Dimorphous with sonolite. Mineral Group: Leucophoenicite group. Occurrence: In a metamorphosed stratiform Zn-Mn deposit. Association: Franklinite, willemite, zincite, sonolite, leucophoenicite, tephroite. Distribution: From Franklin, Sussex Co., New Jersey, USA. Name: In honor of Professor Gerald V. Gibbs, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Hardystonite from the Desert View Mine, California
    Bucknell University Bucknell Digital Commons Faculty Journal Articles Faculty Scholarship Spring 2014 Hardystonite From the Desert View Mine, California James A. Van Fleet Bucknell University, [email protected] Earl R. Verbeek Sterling Hill Mining Museum Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bucknell.edu/fac_journ Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Van Fleet, James A. and Verbeek, Earl R.. "Hardystonite From the Desert View Mine, California." The Picking Table: Journal of the Franklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Society (2014) : 15-17. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Bucknell Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of Bucknell Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hardystonite From the Desert View Mine, California EARL R. VERBEEK, PhD RESIDENT GEOLOGIST, STERLING HILL MINING MUSEUM 30 PLANT STREET, OGDENSBURG, NJ 07439 [email protected] JAMES VAN FLEET 222 MARKET STREET MIFFLINBURG, PA 17844 [email protected] INTRODUCTION View Mine and further strengthen its mineralogical similarities to Franklin. Although much of the original geology has been In late December of 2012, Kevin Brady, an accomplished obliterated by intrusion of the granodiorite, Leavens and Patton and knowledgeable field collector of minerals, sent to one of (2008) provided mineralogical and geochemical evidence that us (ERV) a specimen of an unknown mineral that he noted the Desert View deposit, like that at Franklin, is exhalative, fluoresced deep violet under shortwave (SW) ultraviolet light and that it is genetically intermediate between the Franklin- and thus resembled hardystonite.
    [Show full text]
  • Zincian and Manganoan Amphiboles from Franklin, New Jersey1
    THE AMERICAN MINERALOGIST, VOL. 53, JULY.AUGUST, 1968 ZINCIAN AND MANGANOAN AMPHIBOLES FROM FRANKLIN, NEW JERSEY1 ConNBr.rsKrurN, Jn. aNo JuN Iro,2 DepartmentoJ Geological Sciences, H of mon Laboratory, H araard U nioersi.ty, Cambrid.ge, M assochusetts. Assrnecr Zincian and manganoan amphiboles occur locally as coarse-grained, irregular massesin the skarn zones of the Franklin orebody. These amphiboles are associated mainly with calcite, rhodochrosite, rhodonite, tephroite, andradite, willemite and franklinite. Chemical analyses, optical and X-ray parameters, and assemblage descriptions are given for three cummingtonites, nine members of the tremolite-actinolite series and one magnesioriebec- kite. The cummingtonites show maximum ZnO and MnO contents of 10.8 and 13.79 weight perceDt respectively (1.22 and 1.83 atoms/half unit cell); members of the tremolite- actinolite series contain smaller amounts of ZnO and MnO, the maxima being 9.54 and 5.42 weight percent respectively (1 04 and 0.67 atoms/half unit cell); a magnesioriebeckite con- tains 7.84 weight percent ZnO and,4.16 weight percent MnO (0.86 and 0.81 atoms/half unit ceII). INrnopucrroN In his study of Franklin minerals, Palache (1937) reported the analysis and optical parametersof a zinc-rich cummingtonite (seeTable 1, no. 89365),but no other zinc-rich amphibolesare describedin the literature. Manganoan amphiboles are much more common in nature and have been studied by various authors (Sundius, 1931; Yosimura, 1939; Bilgrami,1955;Jaffe et al., 196l; Segeler,1961; Matkovskiy, 1962;and Klein, 1964and 1966). The amphiboles of this study are of interest becauseof the large and variable amounts of Zn and Mn2+ that are present in their structure.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of 1850S Brown Zinc Paint Made with Franklinite and Zincite at the U.S
    Identification of 1850s Brown Zinc Paint Made with Franklinite and Zincite at the U.S. Capitol Author(s): Frank S. Welsh Source: APT Bulletin, Vol. 39, No. 1 (2008), pp. 17-30 Published by: Association for Preservation Technology International (APT) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25433934 Accessed: 25/12/2009 10:57 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=aptech. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Association for Preservation Technology International (APT) is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to APT Bulletin. http://www.jstor.org Identification of 1850s Brown Zinc Paint Made with Franklinite and Zincite at the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Gahnite-Franklinite Intergrowths at the Sterling Hill Zinc Deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey: an Analytical and Experimental Study
    Lehigh University Lehigh Preserve Theses and Dissertations 1-1-1978 Gahnite-franklinite intergrowths at the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey: An analytical and experimental study. Antone V. Carvalho Follow this and additional works at: http://preserve.lehigh.edu/etd Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Carvalho, Antone V., "Gahnite-franklinite intergrowths at the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey: An analytical and experimental study." (1978). Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2136. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Lehigh Preserve. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Lehigh Preserve. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GAHNITE-FRANKLINITE INTERGROWTHS AT THE STERLING HILL ZINC DEPOSIT, SUSSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY: AN ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY by Antone V. Carvalho III A Thesis Presented to the Graduate Committee of Lehigh University in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Science in Geological Sciences Lehigh University 1978 ProQuest Number: EP76409 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest EP76409 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC.
    [Show full text]