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Home , Antiochus III the Great, Antiochus II Theos, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, Ptolemy III Euergetes, Ptolemy V Epiphanes, Seleucus II Callinicus

Chapter 22 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 11 & 12

Babylon Medo- 445BC 4 Persian Kings Persia Alex the Great Greece N&S Kings IV

Gap of Time Time of the Gentiles 1wk 3 ½ years Opposing king. Greek Empire Chapter 8 The Great

King of the South King of the North 1. 1. 2. 2. Ptolemy II Philadelphus 3. Antiochus II Theos 3. Ptolemy III Euergetes 4. Seleucus II Callinicus 5. Seleucus III Ceraunus 4. Ptolemy IV Philopator 6. Antiochus III Great 5. 7. Seleucus IV Philopator 6. Ptolemy VI Philometor 8. Antiochus IV Epiphanes

Daniel 9:27 The 70th Week

1 Week = 7 years 3 ½ years 3 ½ years

Apostasy Make a covenant Stop to Temple sacrifice with the many Stop to grain offering Abomination of Desolation Crush the elect () Jacob’s Distress Jacob’s Trouble Tribulation 11:35 Some of those who have insight will fall, in order to refine, purge and make them pure until the end time; because it is still to come at the appointed time

1 John 3:2-3 2 Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not appeared as yet what we will be. We know that when He appears, we will be like Him, because we will see Him just as He is. 3 And everyone who has his hope fixed on Him purifies himself, just as He is pure. Zechariah 13:7-9

8 “It will come about in all the land,” Declares the LORD, “That two parts in it will be cut off and perish; But the third will be left in it. 9 “And I will bring the third part through the fire, Refine them as silver is refined, Dan 11:35 And test them as gold is tested. They will call on My name, And I will answer them; I will say, ‘They are My people,’ And they will say, ‘The LORD is my God.’” Daniel 9:27 The 70th Week

1 Week = 7 years 30 45 days days 3 ½ years 3 ½ years Cleansing Apostasy Make a covenant Stop to Temple sacrifice of the Time of with the many Stop to grain offering temple Judging Abomination of Desolation the Crush the elect (Jews) nations Jacob’s Distress Jacob’s Trouble Tribulation Daniel 11 Man dressed in Linen (angel) speaks 1 And in the first year of Darius the Mede, I took my stand Medo-Persian Empire to support and protect him.) Cyrus & Darius as Current Rulers 1) Cambyses II (Cyrus’ son) 2 “Now then, I tell you the truth: Three more kings will arise 2) Artaxerxes in Persia, and then a fourth, who will be far richer than all 3) Darius I Hystaspes the others. When he has gained power by his wealth, he 4) (Ahasuerus in Book of Esther) built barges, will stir up everyone against the kingdom of Greece. trained 2million soldiers over 4 years & attacked Greece. Wealthiest & most powerful of the four 3 Then a mighty king will arise, who will rule with great Greek Empire power and do as he pleases. 4 After he has arisen, his – Vendetta against Xerxes I. Great empire will be broken up and parcelled out toward the four conqueror who died at 32 from a fever. Territory split between winds of heaven. It will not go to his descendants, nor will Ptolemy, Seleucus, 4 heads of Leopard, 4 horns of Goat it have the power he exercised, because his empire will be King of the South King of the North Lysimacus & uprooted and given to others. Ptolemy I Soter Seleucus I Nicator 5 “The king of the South will become strong, but one of his commanders will become even stronger than he and will rule his own kingdom with great power. Successor Antiochus I not in Daniel Antiochus II Theos marries Berenice, 6 After some years, they will become allies. The daughter Ptolemy II Philadelphus for political reasons, but has to of the king of the South will go to the king of the North to Translated Law from divorce his wife, Laodice, who then make an alliance, but she will not retain her power, and he Hebrew to Greek ~ LXX poisons Antiochus II & Berenice, and and his power will not last. in 270BC appoints her son, Seleucus II Callinicus as king. In those days she will be betrayed, together with her royal escort and her father and the one who supported her.

7 “One from her family line will arise to take her place. He Murdered Berenice’s brother, Seleucus II Callinus will attack the forces of the king of the North and enter his Ptolemy III Euergetes Retaliated after 2 years fortress; he will fight against them and be victorious. 8 He becomes king and goes to war and was decively will also seize their gods, their metal images and their against Seleucus II Callinus. beaten. Returned to valuable articles of silver and gold and carry them off to Ptolemy III was victorious, with fraction of Egypt. For some years he will leave the king of the North killed Laodice, and took much his army. He died by alone. 9 Then the king of the North will invade the realm of booty back to Egypt falling off his horse. the king of the South but will retreat to his own country. Seleucus III Ceraunus, 10 His sons will prepare for war and assemble a great Ptolemy III Euergetes son of Seleucus II, was army, which will sweep on like an irresistible flood and murdered in campaign in carry the battle as far as his fortress. Minor Another son of Seleucus II, Antiochus III the Great, recovered Tyre & the fortress and then resumed war with Egypt, which had gained all the territory up to Syria (Incl Israel). So Antiochus III pushed Egypt back to it’s borders and Antiochus then ruled Israel 11 “Then the king of the South will march out in a rage Ptolemy IV Philopator and fight against the king of the North, who will raise a In 312 BC went to war large army, but it will be defeated. against Antiochus the Great 12 When the army is carried off, the king of the South will and lost. be filled with pride and will slaughter many thousands, yet In 219 BC at the , south of Gaza, Antiochus III he will not remain triumphant. was defeated by Ptolemy IV. Then they signed a peace treaty. Ptolemy IV celebrated victory by a tour of the Mediterranean including , but was prevented from entering the Holy of Holies by paralysis. Returning to Egypt, he persecuted the Egyptian Jews in retaliation (against God? Wow clearly he thought he could defy God even after being paralysed!)

13 For the king of the North will muster another army, larger than the first; and after several years, he will After brief time, Antiochus returned with a much larger advance with a huge army fully equipped. army and turned back Ptolemy IV Philopator

14 “Now in those times many will rise up against the king of Ptolemy IV Philopator Phillip V of Macedonia joined the South; the violent ones among your people will also lift succeeded by his 4 year old with Antiochus III and also themselves up in order to fulfill the vision, but they will fall son, Ptolemy V Epiphanes many Jews (violent ones 15 down. Then the king of the North will come, cast up among your people) against a siege ramp and capture a well-fortified city; and the Egypt. Antiochus laid siege to forces of the South will not stand their ground, not even the fortified city, and their choicest troops, for there will be no strength to make the Egyptians couldn’t stand a stand. their ground. 16 But he who comes against him will do as he pleases, In 199 BC Antiochus stationed and no one will be able to withstand him; he will also himself in Israel (Beautiful Land) stay for a time in the Beautiful Land, with destruction in his . 17 He will set his face to come with the power of his whole 197 BC Antiochus III, scheming to annexe Egypt, proposed kingdom, bringing with him a proposal of peace which he peace between Syria and Egypt, by giving his daughter, will put into effect; he will also give him the daughter of (not the famous one) in marriage to Ptolemy V women to ruin it. But she will not take a stand for him or Epiphanes. However, Cleopatra didn’t remain loyal to daddy’s be on his side. wishes, but became a devoted wife and sided with Egypt 18 Then he will turn his face to the coastlands and capture Anitochus turned his attention to Greece, but a Roman, many. But a commander will put a stop to his scorn Cornelius Scipio, turned Antiochus back, charging him a great against him; moreover, he will repay him for his that broke him. So he plundered many temples to pay scorn. 19 So he will turn his face toward the fortresses of them. He returned to Syria and died a year later. Didn’t fulfil his own land, but he will stumble and fall and be found no his dream of reuniting Alexander’s empire under his authority. more. 20 “Then in his place one will arise who will send Antiochus III was succeeded by his son, Seleucus IV Philopator. an oppressor through the Jewel of his kingdom; yet within He oppressed the Jews with heavy taxation to meet the Roman a few days he will be shattered, though not in anger nor in tribute he had to pay. His brother, Antiochus IV Epiphanes was battle. held hostage 14yrs in Rome for the tribute Antiochus III had to pay. Antiochus IV was then exchanged for Seleucus IV’s son, Demetrius Soter (rightful heir to the throne). Seleucus IV was murdered by his treasurer, , who hoped to rule, but 21 In his place a despicable person will arise, on whom the was out-intrigued by Antiochus IV Epiphanes – small horn of honour of kingship has not been conferred, but he will Dan 8:9-12 and a foreshadow of the little horn of Dan 7:8, come in a time of tranquility and seize the kingdom by being the to come. intrigue. He named himself Epiphanes (god Manifest), but was so 22 The overflowing forces will be flooded away before him untrustworthy, he was nicknamed Epimanes (The Madman). and shattered, and also the prince of the covenant. He seized the throne and had himself declared king and was accepted as ruler because he was able to turn aside an invading army, perhaps the Egyptians (his nephew was now the reigning king in Eqypt, Cleopatra’s son, Ptolemy VI Philometor. Did Antiochus use flatteries, intrigue and family ties to manipulate Ptolemy so as not to attack Syria? Just my ponderings) Antiochus IV Epiphanes murdered the Jewish High Priest Onais III (probably the prince of the covenant) and sold the priesthood to a Hellenistic Jewish man named . 23 After an alliance is made with him he will practice His father taxed the people, but Antiochus IV robbed the rich deception, and he will go up and gain power with a and gave to the poor, a cunning scheme to gain the favour of small force of people. 24 In a time of tranquility he will enter the people. the richest parts of the realm, and he will accomplish what his fathers never did, nor his ancestors; he will distribute plunder, booty and possessions among them, and he will devise his schemes against strongholds, but only for a time. 25 He will stir up his strength and courage against the king After Antiochus IV consolidated his kingdom and his sister of the South with a large army; so the king of the South Cleopatra died, he attacked Egypt and reigning Ptolemy VI will mobilize an extremely large and mighty army for war; Philometor in 170 BC and won the battle. The 2 kings sat at a but he will not stand, for schemes will be devised against table professing peace, but both were being deceptive so him. there was no peace. 26 Those who eat his choice food will destroy him, and his army will overflow, but many will fall down slain. 27 As for both kings, their hearts will be intent on evil, and they will speak lies to each other at the same table; but it will not succeed, for the end is still to come at the appointed time. Although he took much wealth back to Syria, Antiochus IV was 28 Then he will return to his land with much plunder; but frustrated that he had not gained all of Egypt. So as he passed his heart will be set against the holy covenant, and he through Israel, because he opposed the entire Mosaic system, he will take action and then return to his own land. desecrated the Jewish Temple and then returned home. 2 years later, in 168 BC, Antiochus IV Epiphanes attacked Egypt 29 “At the appointed time he will return and come into the again, but was opposed by the Romans (ships from Kittim) who South, but this last time it will not turn out the way it did forbade Antiochus to war against Egypt. Popillius Laenas drew a before. 30 For ships of Kittim will come against him; circle in the sand around Antiochus IV when he bargained for therefore he will be disheartened and will return and time to consider, demanding Antiochus’ answer before stepping become enraged at the holy covenant and take action; so out of the circle. Not wanting war with Rome, Antiochus IV he will come back and show regard for those who forsake submitted. This was a humiliating defeat so he vented his the holy covenant. frustrations on the Jews. 31 Forces from him will arise, desecrate the sanctuary In seeking to exterminate and to Hellenise the Jews, fortress, and do away with the regular sacrifice. And they Antiochus attacked Jerusalem on the Sabbath killing many, taking will set up the abomination of desolation. women & children as slaves & burning the city. He banned circumcision and feasts. If someone was circumcised, the 8 day old baby would be mutilated and killed along with the mother and whoever performed the circumcision. The dead baby would be hung around the mother’s neck and the couple hung out in public as a warning to others. Reading of the Torah was also forbidden on pain of death. Antiochus IV burned & desecrated copies of the Torah with sexual and pagan symbols, forbade morning and evening sacrifices, offered a sow (unclean animal) on the altar, made the priests drink the pigs’ blood (blood is not to be consumed by Jews, because the life of the animal is in the blood), smeared the temple walls with pig’s blood. He also set up an idol of in the Holy of Holies – the abomination of desolation making the temple unclean and unfit for God, thereby rendering the temple desolate. (Dan 8:10-11, 20-25)

th 32 By smooth words he will turn to godlessness those The Jews were compelled to sacrifice a pig on 25 of each month who act wickedly toward the covenant, to celebrate Antiochus IV’s birthday. He promised apostate Jews (those who forsake the covenant v30) great reward if they would set aside the God of Israel and worship Zeus, the Greek god. Many Jews were persuaded. but the people who know their God will Jews who refused, were persecuted and martyred for their display strength and take action. 33 Those who have faith. insight among the people will give understanding to the Then a priest, and his 5 sons rebelled against many; yet they will fall by sword and by flame, by captivity Antiochus’ regime and, using guerrilla warfare, this small and by plunder for many days. 34 Now when they fall they remnant of people cast off the yoke of the Seleucid kingdom, will be granted a little help, and many will join with them which took 3 years (1150 days Dan 8:14). The revolt was led in hypocrisy. 35 Some of those who have insight will fall, in by “the Hammerer”. The family, called order to refine, purge and make them pure until the end Hasmonean, then ruled Israel for 100 years before they were time; because it is still to come at the appointed time conquered by Rome.

End of history To begin with the Maccabeans and followers (some sincere, others with ulterior motives) fled to caves in the mountains and Antiochus attacked them on the Sabbath. Because they Dan 11:36 – 12:13 is yet FUTURE couldn’t work on the Sabbath, they didn’t fight back or block the entrances to the caves, so the enemy killed many of them by setting fire to the caves. Judas gave understanding to the people and said that if they didn’t fight back, the enemy would always choose that day to attack them.

Persecution made this remnant pure and ready to die for the Lord their God.