Farrell Final Revised Dissertation
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Early Modern Philosophy of Technology: Bacon and Descartes
Early Modern Philosophy of Technology: Bacon and Descartes By Robert Arnăutu Submitted to Central European University Department of Philosophy In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy Supervisor: Professor Hanoch Ben-Yami CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2013 Copyright notice I hereby declare that this dissertation contains no materials accepted for any other degrees in any other institutions of higher education. Also, I declare that this dissertation contains no material previously written and/or published by any other person, except where appropriate acknowledgement has been made in the form of bibliographic reference. Robert Arnăutu June 2013 CEU eTD Collection i Abstract The contemporary understanding of technology is indebted to Bacon and Descartes, who challenged the pre-modern conceptions regarding useful material production. Although the production of artefacts has been a constant activity of humans since the dawn of history, the Ancient world tended to disvalue it, considering it a lower endeavour that aims to satisfy ignoble material needs. Technology, according to Ancient Greek thinkers, cannot surpass nature but can only bring small improvements to it; moreover, there is a difference in kind between natural things and technological artefacts; the activity of inventing and producing useful objects is unsuited for the nobility and for free men; there is an irreducible gap between proper knowledge and the production of artefacts. This approach toward technology is completely -
Preconceived Theories and the Baconian Method
William T. Lynch. Solomon's Child: Method in the Early Royal Society of London. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. xv + 292 pp. $60.00, cloth, ISBN 978-0-8047-3291-8. Reviewed by John Henry Published on H-Albion (February, 2003) Preconceived Theories and the Baconian fellows of the Royal Society, and yet the fellows all Method professed to be following the Baconian method. Although written with some fair and real in‐ Among the usual way of dealing with such genuity, this is a deeply fawed book. It suffers seeming contradictions among the fellows is to ac‐ from the fact that the author, somewhat obvious‐ knowledge the contingencies of history, the social ly, uses a number of cases from late seventeenth- usefulness not just of knowledge but also of century English science to support a preconceived knowledge claims, and the concomitant need to theory about the methodology of Francis Bacon. dress things up in carefully chosen rhetoric. Re‐ Given the fact that one of the main strengths of cent scholarship, therefore, has shown how a par‐ the Baconian method lay in its attempt to avoid ticular version of Baconian scientific method was the distortion which inevitably follows from seek‐ used for promotional and propaganda purposes ing evidence to support preconceived theories, by the leading spokesmen for the Royal Society in this is somewhat ironic. their published works, while in their actual prac‐ In large measure the difficulties with the tice, these same fellows did things in a variety of book arise out of the author's decision to base his different ways. -
The Metacomics of Alan Moore, Neil Gaiman, and Warren Ellis
University of Alberta Telling Stories About Storytelling: The Metacomics of Alan Moore, Neil Gaiman, and Warren Ellis by Orion Ussner Kidder A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Department of English and Film Studies ©Orion Ussner Kidder Spring 2010 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. Library and Archives Bibliothèque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l’édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-60022-1 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-60022-1 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non- L’auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l’Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non- support microforme, papier, électronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. -
The New Method-2020.Pdf
The New Scientific Method Rob Iliffe Aristotelian Method • Method, or the principles of argument and demonstration, played a highly important role in Aristotelian system • Medieval scholars understood the group of demonstrative techniques in different fields the ‘Organon’ (Latin ‘Organum’) or ‘tool’. • Aristotelian arguments were not primarily directed against sceptical positions, according to which one might doubt the reliability of individual sensory or cognitive faculties. • This is because ordinary human beings were assumed to experience the world as it really was, and were not deceived by their senses. The syllogistic method • Aristotle’s account of correct inference in science involved more sophisticated versions of the syllogistic method: • All As are Bs (Major premise, e.g. ‘All men are mortal’) • All Bs are Cs (Minor premise, e.g. ‘Socrates is a man’) • Therefore all As are Cs (Conclusion: e.g. ‘Socrates is mortal’). • Science proceeds by organizing data so that the Minor premise is explained by the better known, necessarily true and more fundamental Major premise. • Scientific demonstrations were supposed to go beyond mere syllogisms, to reveal the causal structures of the world. Art and Nature • The Aristotelian system placed limits on the use of artificial devices or techniques in natural philosophy – including mathematics. • Moreover, lenses were either distorting devices, or when they worked well – such as in magnifying glasses – • they made visible objects bigger to sight, rather than revealing things that were too small to be seen with the naked eye. • God would supposedly not have made creatures too small to be seen. • Philosophers assumed that instruments were ludic (playful devices) • And that invasive experimental techniques could not provide information about ‘natural’ motions, animate or inanimate. -
Constructing Natural Historical Facts BACONIAN NATURAL HISTORY in NEWTON’S FIRST PAPER on LIGHT and COLORS
OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRSTPROOFS, Mon Feb 10 2014, NEWGEN 2 Constructing Natural Historical Facts BACONIAN NATURAL HISTORY IN NEWTON’S FIRST PAPER ON LIGHT AND COLORS Dana Jalobeanu* The peculiar structure of Newton’s first published paper on light and colors has been the subject of an astonishing diversity of readings: to date, scholars still do not agree as to what Newton wanted to prove in this paper or how he proved it.1 The structure of the paper is far from transparent. It consists of two very different parts: a historical account of what Newton called his “crucial experiment,” and a “doctrine of colors” consisting of thirteen propositions and an illustrative experiment. Equally debated has been the “style” of Newton’s demonstration.2 Newton begins the first part with an extensive his- torical account of how he became interested in the “celebrated phenomena of colors” and later reached one of its major results: that the shape of the spectrum refracted * Research for this paper has been supported by the grant PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0719, “From Natural History to Science,” awarded by the CNCS. 1 The paper has been read, in turns, as a formal blunder of a young upstart who dared to make a clear break with the mitigated skepticism and anti-dogmatism of the Royal Society, and as a brilliant exercise of rhetoric aiming to rewrite in the “scientific style of the day” the results of six long years of optical research. The reason for the exercise of rhetoric has also been the subject of fierce debates. -
Utopianism in Postcolonial Women's Science Fiction Impossible Things
Possible Things: Utopianism in Postcolonial Women’s Science Fiction and Impossible Things: A Novel Lisa Dowdall A thesis in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of the Arts and Media UNSW Arts and Social Sciences March 2016 1 2 Acknowledgements I would first like to express my sincere thanks to my supervisors, Prof Bill Ashcroft and Dr Stephanie Bishop, for their support of both the creative and theoretical components of this thesis. Their patience, expertise and generosity helped me accomplish things I didn’t think I was capable of. Their guidance was invaluable not only in the writing of this thesis but also in learning to think, read and write in new and exciting ways. I could not imagine two better advisers or mentors for this project. Besides my supervisors, I’d like to thank the many people who provided their feedback on various drafts of the novel and the dissertation. Tanya Thaweeskulchai influenced my work in ways that extend far beyond the parameters of this dissertation, and her friendship is one of the most precious things I take away from this doctoral experience. Prue Gibson and Jayne Chapman offered much-needed comments on the novel and the dissertation respectively. I would also like to thank Anne Brewster for the rigorous feedback she gave on the third chapter on indigenous science fiction, along with Emily Maguire and Margo Lanagan for their formative feedback on early drafts of the novel. Thank you also to Roanna Gonsalves, Jessica Ford, Melanie Robson, Sameera Karam, Shaun Bell and Phoebe Macrossan for all the writing workshops. -
Causation, Science and Taxation
1_BOGENSCHNEIDER_RTP_2.DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 3/28/18 11:45 AM ARTICLES CAUSATION, SCIENCE AND TAXATION BRET N. BOGENSCHNEIDER* I. INTRODUCTION............................................................................ 2 II. WHAT IS “SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY” WITH RESPECT TO TAXATION? ................................................................................. 9 III. CAUSATION AND TAX POLICY ................................................... 14 A. Laffer Curve......................................................................... 15 B. “Small Open Economy” Model of Tax Incidence .................. 16 C. “Trickle-Down” Economics/“Deadweight Loss” of Income Taxation But Not Wage Taxation ............................ 17 IV. EINSTEIN’S QUERY: WHERE DO HYPOTHESES COME FROM? ...... 20 V. CLINICAL OBSERVATION IN TAXATION...................................... 22 A. The Hypothesis that Tax Cuts Cause Economic Growth ........ 23 B. The Relative Value of Tax Deductions .................................. 25 C. Estimating the Other Side of a Zero-Sum Equation ............... 27 D. Historical Evidence (Testing the Tax Cuts Hypothesis) ........ 28 VI. CONCLUSION ............................................................................. 30 1 1_BOGENSCHNEIDER_RTP_2.DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 3/28/18 11:45 AM 2 Elon Law Review [VOL. 10 The legal topic of causation typically arises in respect of tort law and criminal law and not in other areas of law such as tax law. This may be because the theory of taxation is a type of applied moral philosophy where the -
A Vela E O Caminho (Da Construção Coletiva Do Saber) the Candle and the Way (Construction's Collective to Know)
A VELA E O CAMINHO (DA CONSTRUÇÃO COLETIVA DO SABER) THE CANDLE AND THE WAY (CONSTRUCTION'S COLLECTIVE TO KNOW) Luiz Carlos Mariano da Rosa1 [email protected] Resumo O artigo em questão se detém no método baconiano, que emerge através do Novum Organum (ou Verdadeiras Indicações acerca da Interpretação da Natureza) e acena com a pretensão de possibilitar o verdadeiro progresso da ciência, que demanda, em suma, a erradicação das predisposições para o erro, dos preconceitos e das noções falsas que impedem o acesso à verdade, dos “ídolos”, enfim, segundo a leitura de Bacon, que propõe o controle científico sobre a natureza como fator determinante da harmonia e do bem-estar dos homens, conforme o ideal exposto no trabalho intitulado Nova Atlântida, que converge para caracterizar o saber como uma construção coletiva, desenhando um horizonte que se impõe ao processo formativo-educacional, à medida que estabelece uma relação envolvendo conhecimento e poder que guarda raízes nas fronteiras da experiência, em cuja perspectiva a investigação em referência dialoga com a metodologia freinetiana, que sublinha a articulação entre teoria e prática e assinala o papel que cumpre o trabalho em uma aprendizagem que traz como fundamento a ação. Palavras-chave: Bacon, indução, conhecimento, experiência, ídolos, Freinet, educação, trabalho. Abstract The article in question stands in the baconian method, which emerges through the Novum Organum (or True Directions concerning the Interpretation of Nature) and waves with the intention of enabling the -
Revisiting Bacon's Critique on Aristotle
ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY REVISITING BACON’S CRITIQUE ON ARISTOTLE BY: TESFAYE G/YOHANNES Addis Ababa, Ethiopia May 30, 2019 i REVISITING BACON’S CRITIQUE ON ARISTOTLE BY Tesfaye G/Yohannes Kidane ADVISER: DAGNACHEW ASSEFA (PH.D) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY, ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY (GRADUATE PROGRAM) IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN PHILOSOPHY Addis Ababa, Ethiopia May 30, 2O19 ii REVISITING BACON’S CRITIQUE ON ARISTOTLE BY: Tesfaye G/Yohannes Approved by Board of Examiners Chairperson Signature Date __________ ___________ _________ Advisor Signature Date __________ ___________ _________ Examiner Signature Date __________ ___________ _________ Examiner Signature Date ________________ ______________ ____________ iii Declaration I, Tesfaye G/Yohannes, declare that this thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other university and that all sources of materials used for the thesis have been fully acknowledged. Declared by Tesfaye G/Yohannes. Signature __________Date_____________ i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my adviser Dr. Dagnachew Assefa as well as Dr. Setargew Kenaw for their constructive and insightful comments of this thesis. If I have shown some progresses in my academic journey, both of you to take the credit. It is also my pleasure to thank all my teachers who have taught me in Addis Ababa University in the department of Philosophy both at undergraduate and graduate levels. Also my thanks goes to the Ministry of Education and to UN for their financial on behalf of Debre-Markos University. -
The New Organon Francis Bacon Frontmatter More Information
Cambridge University Press 0521564832 - The New Organon Francis Bacon Frontmatter More information CAMBRIDGE TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY FRANCIS BACON The New Organon © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521564832 - The New Organon Francis Bacon Frontmatter More information CAMBRIDGE TEXTS IN THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY Series editors KARL AMERIKS Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame DESMOND M. CLARKE Professor of Philosophy at University College Cork The main objective of Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy is to expand the range, variety and quality of texts in the history of philosophy which are available in English. The series includes texts by familiar names (such as Descartes and Kant) and also by less well-known authors. Wherever possible, texts are published in complete and unabridged form, and translations are specially commissioned for the series. Each volume contains a critical introduction together with a guide to further reading and any necessary glossaries and textual apparatus. The volumes are designed for student use at undergraduate and postgraduate level and will be of interest not only to students of philosophy, but also to a wider audience of readers in the history of science, the history of theology and the history of ideas. For a list of titles published in the series, please see end of book. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521564832 - The New Organon Francis Bacon Frontmatter More information FRANCIS -
Scottish Enlightenment Rhetoric and the New Aesthetic of Language
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Open Access Dissertations 2016 “A Peculiar Power of Perception”: Scottish Enlightenment Rhetoric and the New Aesthetic of Language Rosaleen Greene-Smith Keefe University of Rhode Island, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss Recommended Citation Greene-Smith Keefe, Rosaleen, "“A Peculiar Power of Perception”: Scottish Enlightenment Rhetoric and the New Aesthetic of Language" (2016). Open Access Dissertations. Paper 464. https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/464 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “A PECULIAR POWER OF PERCEPTION”: SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT RHETORIC AND THE NEW AESTHETIC OF LANGUAGE BY ROSALEEN GREENE-SMITH KEEFE A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ENGLISH LITERATURE UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND 2016 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DISSERTATION OF ROSALEEN GREENE-SMITH KEEFE APPROVED: Dissertation Committee: J. Jennifer Jones Stephen J. Barber Cheryl Foster Nasser H. Zawia DEAN OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND 2016 ABSTRACT This dissertation is an inquiry into the ways rhetoric, as the study of the art of language use, and literature, as the art of written language, were coherently theorized in Enlightenment Scotland to articulate the complex nature of language and its inherent relationship to the human mind and its faculties. The chapters contained in this manuscript dissertation are previously published studies in eighteenth-century Scottish rhetorical theory, examining the multiple and sometimes contradictory legacies of this important body of work on language pedagogy, philosophy of mind and language, and political theory. -
Metaphors in the Construction of Theory: Ramus, Peirce and the American Mind Laurel Warren Trufant University of New Hampshire, Durham
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Winter 1990 Metaphors in the construction of theory: Ramus, Peirce and the American mind Laurel Warren Trufant University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Trufant, Laurel Warren, "Metaphors in the construction of theory: Ramus, Peirce and the American mind" (1990). Doctoral Dissertations. 1634. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1634 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.