DOCSLIB.ORG

Daniel Lesson 10 Date: Wednesday, Feb 4, 2015 Text: Daniel 11:21 - 12:13 Note: This Continues the Prophecy Started in Dan 11:2

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Daniel Lesson 10 Date: Wednesday, Feb 4, 2015 Text: Daniel 11:21 - 12:13 Note: This Continues the Prophecy Started in Dan 11:2 Daniel Lesson 10 Date: Wednesday, Feb 4, 2015 Text: Daniel 11:21 - 12:13 Note: This continues the prophecy started in Dan 11:2. It would help to review what was covered in the last lesson as you prepare this one! Review Recall that Antiochus III Great was defeated by Rome, and Rome imposed heavy taxation and held his son Antiochus IV Epiphanes hostage in Rome - to assure Antiochus III’s compliance. When Antiochus III died, his brother Seleucus IV Philopater took the throne. His son, Demetrius I Soter, was then taken to Rome as a political hostage. Seleucus IV was then deposed by his prime minister, Heliodorus. Antiochus IV Epiphanes was released from Rome the same year, in 175 BC. Antiochus IV Epiphanes There is a large amount of information given in our text regarding this king, as compared to all the others listed throughout this prophecy. This is because of the enormous impact he had on the Jews. Antiochus took the throne by slaying Heliodorus. He was aided by kings from Asia Minor, Eumenes and Attalus, whom he had won over by flattery. Recall that his sister, Cleopatra, is Queen Mother in Egypt to young Ptolemy VI Philometer. Antiochus Ephiphanes tried to Hellenize (make Greek) the Jews. He went into the Holy of Holies of the Temple. He erected shrines to Zeus and persecuted the Jews severely. When his sister Cleopatra died, he invaded Egypt. He entered one rich Egyptian city after another and made the people think he was bringing them peace and security, when in reality he was taking over; by 170 BC he had made Ptolemy VI his vassal. Ptolemy attacked, but could not win. Peace negotiations failed due to dishonesty. Ptolemy VI appealed to Rome, who sent Popillius Laenus to Egypt, where Antiochus met him in 168 BC. Laenus ordered Antiochus to leave Egypt, and Antiochus replied that he would consider it. Laenus drew a circle around him in the sand, and demanded that he decide before he left the circle. Antiochus sullenly consented and returned to Syria, and took his anger out on the Jews. He sacrificed a pig on the altar of the temple, poured the broth throughout the temple, placed an idol of Zeus within the temple, and made it punishable by death to follow the Law of Moses. In 168-167 BC Mattathias led the Maccabean Jews in a revolt. Antiochus had desecrated the Temple in 167 BC, and it remained so until 164 BC when it was cleansed by Judas. Antiochus reportedly died of a horrible disease in 163 BC. Abomination of Desolation Daniel uses this phrase in 11:31 (and refers back to it in 12:11) to describe the impact Antiochus Epiphanes had on Jewish worship. Specifically, it seems to refer to the events defiling the temple as well as all other events related to this. Abomination means anything hateful or disgusting. Desolation means being wasted, alone, deserted, or uninhabitable. So this phrase, literally, would mean the horrible condition of being unusable or deserted. But what exactly does this mean? Jesus used this phrase also (see question 2.) The premillenialists tell us that the first time this phrase refers to Antiochus Ephiphanes’ desecration of the temple, but in Dan 12:11 and when Jesus spoke of it, it refers to the beginning of the “tribulation” period. They state that the daily sacrifice will be taken away (even though there is no longer a daily sacrifice!), and that, according to Dan 12:11, this period will last 1290 literal days. “At the midpoint of the tribulation “week” Antichrist will abolish the Jewish sacrifices (9:27; Matt 24:15; II Thess 2:4). From that time to the end will be 1290 days. Normally 3 ½ years (of 360 days per year) would include only 1260 days. The extra 30 days mentioned here allow for the judgments that will take place after the second coming of Christ.” — “explanatory” notes from Ryrie Study Bible. What problems do YOU see with this line of thought? See question 3! To what DOES this phrase really refer? See question 4! Who? Daniel 11:36-45 (and perhaps on through 12:3) is yet another difficult and confusing section. The issue is — who is being talked about here? Some would say it continues to talk about Antiochus Epiphanes; however, the things mentioned in this passage don’t fit what happened with him after 168 BC. Premillenialists see The Antichrist, some future leader of opposition to Christ during the millenial kingdom and tribulation that they have conjured up. Another option is that the king of the North is now represented by Rome. See questions 5-6. Page 1 of 3 Lesson 10 Questions 1. See Next page, to relate the events of this prophecy (Dan 11:21-35) to Coin of Antiochus IV. Reverse the historical events of Antiochus IV Epiphanes. shows Apollo seated on an omphalos. The Greek inscription 2. Where else in the Bible — besides Daniel — is the term “abomination of reads "ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ ΘΕΟΥ desolation” used? Who used this phrase? ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥ ΝΙΚΗΦΟΡΟΥ" (Antiochus, image of God, bearer of victory). 3. Refer back to the teachings of Premillenialism — briefly stated on the front page of this lesson — regarding the phrase “abomination of desolation” both in Daniel as well as the two references in the New Testament. What problems do you see with this Premillenial line of thinking? 4. A. When Daniel uses the phrase “abomination of desolation” in 11:31, to what does he clearly refer? B. Is Dan 12:11 referring to the end of the world, or could it be referring to the same event as Dan 11:31? C. Read Mt 24:14-22. (It helps to read the whole chapter!) Does this seem to refer to a spiritual event, or a physical event (note the fleeing that is suggested)? D. Look back at Mt 24:1-2. What is Jesus teaching about in this passage in Matthew? E. The temple was completely destroyed by the Romans in 70 A.D. Jewish sacrifice could be no longer, and has not been possible since (all records of the priesthood were lost.) We know that the sacrifice was central to Jewish religious ceremony. Therefore, what do the “abomination of desolation” of Antiochus Epiphanes, and the complete destruction of the temple in 70 A.D., have in common? 5. From 11:5 through 11:45, we have seen the king of the south and the king of the north A. Back in 11:3 the focus changed from Persian power to Greece. Did the text tell us that the mighty king was from Greece rather than Persia? B. The focus of these visions have been the changing in world powers as they relate to God’s people, the Jews. Could the kingdom have changed from Grecian to Roman, and yet still be represented as the king from the North? Would this fit the context of the book and this vision? 6. The phrase “time of the end” or “latter days” appears or is alluded to 8 times in this vision (11:27, 35, 40, 12:4, 6, 8, 9, 13.) Understanding Daniel 10:14 is key to understanding the end of this vision. A. Per Daniel 10:14, to whom would this vision happen, and when? B. Per Dan 12:7, when would these events be completed? C. Read Dan 8:17-19. That vision was said to pertain to what time? D. Now review Dan 8:20-25. That vision referred to what kingdoms, and in particular what king? E. In light of that, does this vision (ch 10-12) pertain to “end of the world” events, or to the impact on the Jewish race as God’s fleshly kingdom? Daniel Lesson 10, page 2 of 3 7. Assuming that 11:36-45 refers to Rome as the king of the north, A. What are verses 36-39 telling us about Rome? B. Cleopatra (last of the Ptolemy line) & Mark Antony battled Rome in a land and sea war, but were finally defeated in the Battle of Actium, 31 BC. Octavian (Augustus) then passed through Israel on his way to conquer Egypt. How does this match with 11:40-43? 1. Tie the events of Antiocus IV Epiphanes’ rule over Syria (175 - 163 BC) to the verses of Daniel’s prophecy (Daniel 11:21-35, 536 BC.) The events from history are in the boxes on the right. Place the matching verse number(s) in the blank on the left. These are NOT out of order, and again, yes, this is as easy as it looks! The idea is to see how what is now history fits with Daniel’s prophecy. __21___ Demetrius I Soter, son of Seleucus IV, should have been the next king, but Antiochus Epiphanes gained control using flattery as noted on the front page. The Syrians allow this peaceably. _______ Antochus was successful in war against great armies such as that of Ptolemy VI Philometer in 170 BC near Pelusium. He deposed Onias as high priest, allowing Jason to assume this role. (a Hellenizer) _______ Antiochus made many covenants to form allies, although he was deceitful with them. He had a policy of & lavish giving to woo “friends.” He was able to take Egypt using deceit, as noted on the front page. None of _______ his predecessors had been able to take control of Egypt. _______ & Ptolemy VI rose against Antiochus Epiphanes, attacking in 170 BC near Pelusium; some of his army _______ deserted, and he was defeated. His downfall was aided by some of his close associates.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2 Maccabees, Chapter 1 Letter 1: 124 B.C
    Archdiocese of St. Louis Office of Sacred Worship Lectio Divina Bible The Second Book of Maccabees Second Maccabees can be divided as follows: I. Letters to the Jews in Egypt II. Author’s Preface III. Heliodorus’ Attempt to Profane the Temple IV. Profanation and Persecution V. Victories of Judas and Purification of the Temple VI. Renewed Persecution VII. Epilogue * * * Lectio Divina Read the following passage four times. The first reading, simple read the scripture and pause for a minute. Listen to the passage with the ear of the heart. Don’t get distracted by intellectual types of questions about the passage. Just listen to what the passage is saying to you, right now. The second reading, look for a key word or phrase that draws your attention. Notice if any phrase, sentence or word stands out and gently begin to repeat it to yourself, allowing it to touch you deeply. No elaboration. In a group setting, you can share that word/phrase or simply pass. The third reading, pause for 2-3 minutes reflecting on “Where does the content of this reading touch my life today?” Notice what thoughts, feelings, and reflections arise within you. Let the words resound in your heart. What might God be asking of you through the scripture? In a group setting, you can share your reflection or simply pass. The fourth reading, pause for 2-3 minutes reflecting on “I believe that God wants me to . today/this week.” Notice any prayerful response that arises within you, for example a small prayer of gratitude or praise.
    [Show full text]
  • A Literary Sources
    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82860-4 — The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest 2nd Edition Index More Information Index A Literary sources Livy XXVI.24.7–15: 77 (a); XXIX.12.11–16: 80; XXXI.44.2–9: 11 Aeschines III.132–4: 82; XXXIII.38: 195; XXXVII.40–1: Appian, Syrian Wars 52–5, 57–8, 62–3: 203; XXXVIII.34: 87; 57 XXXIX.24.1–4: 89; XLI.20: 209 (b); ‘Aristeas to Philocrates’ I.9–11 and XLII.29–30.7: 92; XLII.51: 94; 261 V.35–40: XLV.29.3–30 and 32.1–7: 96 15 [Aristotle] Oeconomica II.2.33: I Maccabees 1.1–9: 24; 1.10–25 and 5 7 Arrian, Alexander I.17: ; II.14: ; 41–56: 217; 15.1–9: 221 8 9 III.1.5–2.2: (a); III.3–4: ; II Maccabees 3.1–3: 216 12 13 IV.10.5–12.5: ; V.28–29.1: ; Memnon, FGrH 434 F 11 §§5.7–11: 159 14 20 V1.27.3–5: ; VII.1.1–4: ; Menander, The Sicyonian lines 3–15: 104 17 18 VII.4.4–5: ; VII.8–9 and 11: Menecles of Barca FGrHist 270F9:322 26 Arrian, FGrH 156 F 1, §§1–8: (a); F 9, Pausanias I.7: 254; I.9.4: 254; I.9.5–10: 30 §§34–8: 56; I.25.3–6: 28; VII.16.7–17.1: Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae V.201b–f, 100 258 43 202f–203e: ; VI.253b–f: Plutarch, Agis 5–6.1 and 7.5–8: 69 23 Augustine, City of God 4.4: Alexander 10.6–11: 3 (a); 15: 4 (a); Demetrius of Phalerum, FGrH 228 F 39: 26.3–10: 8 (b); 68.3: cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    Index Note : Geographical landmarks are listed under the proper name itself: for “Cape Sepias” or “Mt. Athos” see “Sepias” or “Athos.” When a people and a toponym share the same base, see under the toponym: for “Thessalians” see “Thessaly.” Romans are listed according to the nomen, i.e. C. Julius Caesar. With places or people mentioned once only, discretion has been used. Abdera 278 Aeaces II 110, 147 Abydus 222, 231 A egae 272–273 Acanthus 85, 207–208, 246 Aegina 101, 152, 157–158, 187–189, Acarnania 15, 189, 202, 204, 206, 251, 191, 200 347, 391, 393 Aegium 377, 389 Achaia 43, 54, 64 ; Peloponnesian Aegospotami 7, 220, 224, 228 Achaia, Achaian League 9–10, 12–13, Aemilius Paullus, L. 399, 404 54–56, 63, 70, 90, 250, 265, 283, 371, Aeolis 16–17, 55, 63, 145, 233 375–380, 388–390, 393, 397–399, 404, Aeschines 281, 285, 288 410 ; Phthiotic Achaia 16, 54, 279, Aeschylus 156, 163, 179 286 Aetoli Erxadieis 98–101 Achaian War 410 Aetolia, Aetolian League 12, 15, 70, Achaius 382–383, 385, 401 204, 250, 325, 329, 342, 347–348, Acilius Glabrio, M. 402 376, 378–380, 387, 390–391, 393, Acragas 119, COPYRIGHTED165, 259–261, 263, 266, 39MATERIAL6–397, 401–404 352–354, 358–359 Agariste 113, 117 Acrocorinth 377, 388–389 Agathocles (Lysimachus ’ son) 343, 345 ; Acrotatus 352, 355 (King of Sicily) 352–355, 358–359; Actium 410, 425 (King of Bactria) 413–414 Ada 297 Agelaus 391, 410 A History of Greece: 1300 to 30 BC, First Edition. Victor Parker.
    [Show full text]
  • Daniel 11 Part 22 Talk About Slogging Through! the Historical Details Are Legion in This Section of Scripture
    1 graceWORKS ! GOING DEEPER The Papou Study Bible is a daily study provided by me to help folks explore the depth and joy of the “conneXion” life of God. It’s my personal study, and is not intended as a doctrinal statement or statement of any church or denomination or congregation. It’s also my belief that “grace” works, and the servant of God should always want to go deeper. Multi- tasking as usual, I’m also calling this the “Papou Study Bible.” I’m writing it as if I were speaking to my girls who love me and any descendant they have that love their Papou too. And to anyone who wants to consider me a spiritual Dad or “Papou.” I want them to be able to study the Bible with Papou (grandpa in Greek) after I’m gone---and if they don’t, I’ll haunt them. The Scriptures say it’s noble to “search the Scriptures daily” to verify truth like the ancient Bereans did (Acts 17:11). My folks came from Berea. My incredible Dad (and your grandfather and great grandfather, guys), Vasil Charles Valekis taught me to do this like he did---every day until I die. He taught me and everyone I know to go to church no matter what and to put God first. While Mama (Maria Pagona Stratakis Valekis) never really did this, she made sure we listened to Daddy on this one. She would have hit us with a spatula or frying pan or worse if we didn’t. This is a simple sharing my “daily search.” And I’d like to think it is a continuation of God’s life through my Dad through me.
    [Show full text]
  • Calendar of Roman Events
    Introduction Steve Worboys and I began this calendar in 1980 or 1981 when we discovered that the exact dates of many events survive from Roman antiquity, the most famous being the ides of March murder of Caesar. Flipping through a few books on Roman history revealed a handful of dates, and we believed that to fill every day of the year would certainly be impossible. From 1981 until 1989 I kept the calendar, adding dates as I ran across them. In 1989 I typed the list into the computer and we began again to plunder books and journals for dates, this time recording sources. Since then I have worked and reworked the Calendar, revising old entries and adding many, many more. The Roman Calendar The calendar was reformed twice, once by Caesar in 46 BC and later by Augustus in 8 BC. Each of these reforms is described in A. K. Michels’ book The Calendar of the Roman Republic. In an ordinary pre-Julian year, the number of days in each month was as follows: 29 January 31 May 29 September 28 February 29 June 31 October 31 March 31 Quintilis (July) 29 November 29 April 29 Sextilis (August) 29 December. The Romans did not number the days of the months consecutively. They reckoned backwards from three fixed points: The kalends, the nones, and the ides. The kalends is the first day of the month. For months with 31 days the nones fall on the 7th and the ides the 15th. For other months the nones fall on the 5th and the ides on the 13th.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Roman Frontier1
    Rome and the Worlds Beyond Its Frontiers Impact of Empire Roman Empire, c. 200 B.C.–A.D. 476 Edited by Olivier Hekster (Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands) Editorial Board Lukas de Blois Angelos Chaniotis Ségolène Demougin Olivier Hekster Gerda de Kleijn Luuk de Ligt Elio Lo Cascio Michael Peachin John Rich Christian Witschel VOLUME 21 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/imem Rome and the Worlds Beyond Its Frontiers Edited by Daniëlle Slootjes and Michael Peachin LEIDEN | BOSTON This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC 4.0 License, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available online at http://catalog.loc.gov LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016036673 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1572-0500 isbn 978-90-04-32561-6 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-32675-0 (e-book) Copyright 2016 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • Judea/Israel Under the Greek Empires." Israel and Empire: a Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism
    "Judea/Israel under the Greek Empires." Israel and Empire: A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism. Perdue, Leo G., and Warren Carter.Baker, Coleman A., eds. London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015. 129–216. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 30 Sep. 2021. <http:// dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780567669797.ch-005>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 30 September 2021, 15:32 UTC. Copyright © Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker 2015. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 5 Judea/Israel under the Greek Empires* In 33130 BCE, by military victory, the Macedonian Alexander ended the Persian Empire. He defeated the Persian king Darius at Gaugamela, advanced to a welcoming Babylon, and progressed to Persepolis where he burned Xerxes palace supposedly in retaliation for Persias invasions of Greece some 150 years previously (Diodorus 17.72.1-6). Thus one empire gave way to another by a different name. So began the Greek empires that dominated Judea/Israel for the next two hundred or so years, the focus of this chapter. Is a postcolonial discussion of these empires possible and what might it highlight? Considerable dif�culties stand in the way. One is the weight of conventional analyses and disciplinary practices which have framed the discourse with emphases on the various roles of the great men, the ruling state, military battles, and Greek settlers, and have paid relatively little regard to the dynamics of imperial power from the perspectives of native inhabitants, the impact on peasants and land, and poverty among non-elites, let alone any reciprocal impact between colonizers and colon- ized.
    [Show full text]
  • Aus: Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik 125 (1999) 77–83 © Dr
    DOV GERA PHILONIDES THE EPICUREAN AT COURT: EARLY CONNECTIONS aus: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 125 (1999) 77–83 © Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn 77 PHILONIDES THE EPICUREAN AT COURT: EARLY CONNECTIONS* P. Herc. 1044 was first published at the turn of this century by W. Crönert, and has since been re- published with extensive new readings and commentary.1 Although very fragmentary, it is a major source for the life of the mathematician and Epicurean philosopher Philonides. Information gleaned from this papyrus and from three inscriptions which relate to the Epicurean and to members of his family has helped to establish his descent and background. Philonides was the eldest son of a respected citizen of Laodiceia-on-Sea in Syria, who was affiliated to the Seleucid court. Both father and son shared the same name and the son had a brother named Dicaearchus.2 Significant improvements in reading and restoration of the papyrus can still be made, e.g. recently Habicht has supplemented the name of Menochares, the epistolagraphos of Demetrius I in lines 2–3 of fr. 10.3 Of special interest to us is the approximate date in which the Epicurean, following in his father’s footsteps, joined the Seleucid court. The papyrus specifically names Antiochus IV Epiphanes (fr. 30) and his nephew Demetrius I Soter (frs. 10, 27), and it is clear that Philonides was a contemporary of both kings.4 The epigraphic material is in general agreement with this. Dicaearchus, Philonides’ brother, was honored by the Delphians for his help to Delphian theoroi who sought an interview with a ‘King Antiochus’ in Syria.
    [Show full text]
  • Interventions by the Roman Republic in Illyria 230 – 167 BC
    Interventions by the Roman Republic in Illyria 230 – 167 BC Submitted by Jack James Willoughby, to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classics, September 2018. This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. (Signature) ……………………………………………………………………………… Page 1 of 181 Abstract This thesis aims to determine how and why Rome undertook a series of interventions in Illyria during the period of 230 – 167 BC. The thesis is based on a detailed examination and consideration of the ancient written sources and the subsequent historiography on the subject. The Roman interventions in Illyria during this period have traditionally been treated as a component of wider studies of Roman expansion, although Rome’s involvement in Illyria has recently been examined by Dzino in his 2010 work Illyricum in Roman Politics 229BC-AD68. This work examined the development and integration of Illyricum in Roman political discourse, in which the Roman interventions were a smaller component in the broader study. A study of the Roman interventions in Illyria during the period of 230 – 167 BC has never previously been treated on this scale, nor effectively with a synthesis of the various approaches and pieces of evidence that are now available.
    [Show full text]
  • The First Book of Maccabees
    THE FIRST BOOK OF MACCABEES INTRODUCTION THE English Bible, as is well known, originally contained but two so-called Books of the Maccabees. ere are, however, three such books found in the Septuagint, and a fourth bearing the same title in connection with the works of Josephus. ese are all the Books of the Maccabees now existing in Greek. A work, sometimes called the Fih Book of Maccabees, is extant in an Arabic version, which is also known under the title, Historia Maccabœorum Arabica. Only the first two books actually treat of the Mac- cabæan family and their heroic efforts to free their native land from the Syrian yoke. e order in which these several works are usually enumerated is also that of their actual worth. e second book takes up the history at a point a lile earlier than the first (B.C. 176), but covers a period of only fourteen years. e first begins with the reign of Antiochus Epiphanes (B.C. 175), and closes with the death of the high priest Simon (B.C. 135), so including a space of forty years. e third book narrates the history of events which took place before the Maccabæan family appeared on the stage (B.C. 221–204). e fourth makes use of an incident or two found in the second book, the martyrdom of Eleazar with that of the seven brothers and their mother, introduced by an account of the aempt of Apollonius (Heliodorus) to rob the temple, in order to connect with it a philosophical disquisition on the Rule of Reason (Αὐτοκράτορος λογισμοῦ), or the supremacy of the ὄρθος λόγος over the πάθη.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Eight. Decline of the Seleukids and Restoration of A
    Chapter 8 Decline of the Seleukids and Restoration of a Judaean Monarchy Since the establishment of Israel as a nation-state the Maccabaean revolt against the Seleukids has been celebrated by many Israelis, and to a lesser extent by various Christian Millennialists in Britain and the U.S.A. The Maccabee brothers have been hailed as heroes who against impossible odds defeated the powerful Seleukid empire and won Jewish independence. This view of the Maccabaean revolt owes something to history and something to romance. Sources on the Maccabaean revolt Jewish and Christian readers of the Apocrypha have seen the history of Judaea in the second century BC from the perspective of two Judaean authors who wrote the books known to us as First and Second Maccabees.1 First Maccabees was probably composed ca. 100 BC. The original language was probably Hebrew, and it was soon translated rather clumsily into Greek. In sixteen chapters it celebrates the careers of the three Hasmonaean brothers - Judas Maccabaeus, Jonathan and Simon - and ends with the murder of Simon in 135 BC. There are few miracles in this text: the course of events is explained mostly in human terms, the Lord (or “Heaven”) playing only a secondary role. The last verses of the book (16:23-24) inform the reader that the deeds of Simon’s son, John Hyrcanus (who ruled Judaea until his death in 104 BC), can be read in a separate work. That separate work is no longer extant, but we can assume that ca. 100 BC Judaeans had available a laudatory history of the Hasmonaean dynasty from the outbreak of the Maccabaean revolt through the reign of John Hyrcanus.
    [Show full text]
  • Antiochus Epiphanes
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 10-1944 Antiochus Epiphanes. Brougher Petty Maddox University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Maddox, Brougher Petty, "Antiochus Epiphanes." (1944). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2011. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2011 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. • UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE ANTIOCHUS EPIPHANES A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Louisville In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Kaster of Arts Department of History by Brougher Petty Maddox .. \ 1944 -T .4 .4¥ To ,Ida Roe and c. ,Sidney Maddox, my,parents, I, in affectionate appreciation. ABBREVIATIONS App. Syr. Appian, ~oman History Book XI, Ia! Syrian ~. Bactria W. W. Tarn, IQ! Greeks !n Bactria and India. ~ British Museum Catalogue , ) , t CAB Cambridge Ancient HistorI. Diod~ Sic. Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheea \ t Hel. Q1!. W. W. Tarn, Hellenistic Civilisation ~ # I ( H. W. M. Rostovtzeff, Social ~ Economic History 2t the Hellenistic World, 3 Vols. House Sel. E. R. Bevan, House of Seleucus, Vol. II. Bevan, Egypt E. R. Bevan, A History Q! Egypt.
    [Show full text]